WO2013128950A1 - 偏光フィルム、画像表示装置、及び偏光フィルムの製造方法 - Google Patents
偏光フィルム、画像表示装置、及び偏光フィルムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013128950A1 WO2013128950A1 PCT/JP2013/050084 JP2013050084W WO2013128950A1 WO 2013128950 A1 WO2013128950 A1 WO 2013128950A1 JP 2013050084 W JP2013050084 W JP 2013050084W WO 2013128950 A1 WO2013128950 A1 WO 2013128950A1
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- polarizing film
- disazo compound
- general formula
- film
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- FPLBWHYNPKIACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccc(C)c2c1ccc(N=O)c2 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(C)c2c1ccc(N=O)c2 FPLBWHYNPKIACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B31/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A->B->C, A->B->C->D, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B31/02—Disazo dyes
- C09B31/08—Disazo dyes from a coupling component "C" containing directive hydroxyl and amino groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/08—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0097—Dye preparations of special physical nature; Tablets, films, extrusion, microcapsules, sheets, pads, bags with dyes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing film having a high dichroic ratio, a method for producing the polarizing film, and an image display device having the polarizing film.
- a polarizing film is an optical member having a function of transmitting specific linearly polarized light from polarized light or natural light.
- a general-purpose polarizing film can be obtained, for example, by stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film dyed with iodine.
- polarizing films obtained by a solution casting method are also known.
- the solution casting method is a method of forming a polarizing film on a substrate by applying a coating liquid containing a dye material and a solvent on the substrate.
- the polarizing film obtained by the solution coating method has an advantage that its thickness is much thinner than the polarizing film obtained by stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film.
- A is a naphthyl group which may be substituted by a hydroxyl group, an amino group or a sulfonic acid group
- B is substituted by a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group or a sulfonic acid group Or phenylene or naphthylene group.
- the polarizing film of Patent Document 1 has problems such as poor transparency and low dichroic ratio. Moreover, in order to manufacture a cheap polarizing film, the disazo compound which can be synthesize
- Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-92531 Japanese Examined Patent Laid-Open No. 62-3302173
- An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing film having a high dichroic ratio and a method for producing the same.
- the polarizing film of the present invention contains a disazo compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- Q 1 represents a phenyl group having at least one —SO 3 M group
- Q 2 represents a naphthylene group having at least one —SO 3 M group
- X represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- the subscript k represents an integer of 0 to 5, which is the number of substitution of X
- X represents a counter ion, and when the k is an integer of 2 or more, the Xs are the same or different.
- the aforementioned Q 2 is a naphthylene group represented by the following general formula (Q2-1), more preferably a naphthylene group represented by any of the following.
- Z represents a substituent other than a -SO 3 M group
- the subscript o represents an integer of 0 to 5, which is the substitution number of Z
- the subscript n is a substitution number of 1 -SO 3 M group Represents an integer of to 6, and 1 ⁇ n + o ⁇ 6, and when o is 2 or more, the Zs are the same or different.
- the aforementioned Q 1 is a phenyl group represented by the following general formula (Q1-1), and more preferably a phenyl group represented by any of the following.
- Y represents a substituent other than a -SO 3 M group
- the subscript m represents an integer of 0 to 4 as a substitution number of Y
- the subscript l represents a substitution number of -SO 3 M group Represents an integer of to 5, 1 ⁇ l + m ⁇ 5, and when m is 2 or more, Ys are the same or different.
- an image display device is provided.
- This image display apparatus has any one of the above-mentioned polarizing films as a component.
- a method of producing a polarizing film has the process of coating the coating liquid containing the disazo compound represented by the said General formula (1), and a solvent on a base material.
- the polarizing film of the present invention contains the disazo compound represented by the general formula (1), it has a high dichroic ratio.
- An image display apparatus having such a polarizing film having a high dichroic ratio is excellent in display characteristics.
- the fragmentary sectional view which shows the polarizing film which concerns on one embodiment.
- the fragmentary sectional view showing the polarizing plate concerning one embodiment.
- AAA to BBB means “AAA or more and BBB or less”.
- the polarizing film of the present invention contains a disazo compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- the polarizing film of the present invention contains one or more selected from disazo compounds represented by the following general formula (1), and may contain other components as necessary.
- the disazo compound represented by General formula (1) is excellent in the solubility to a solvent, and can form a stable associate in a solvent. Polarizing films formed from such disazo compounds have high dichroic ratios.
- the polarizing film of the present invention is an organic thin film formed from a coating film.
- the polarizing film of the present invention has polarizing properties due to the orientation of the disazo compound even without special stretching treatment.
- Q 1 represents a phenyl group having at least one —SO 3 M group
- Q 2 represents a naphthylene group having at least one —SO 3 M group
- X represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a thioalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogeno group, or a polar group
- the subscript k represents the number of substitution of X Represents an integer of 0 to 5.
- M represents a counter ion. When k is an integer of 2 or more, the Xs may be identical to or different from each other.
- M in —SO 3 M in all formulas represents a counter ion.
- the M (counter ion) of -SO 3 M hydrogen ions; alkali metal ions such as Li, Na, K and Cs; alkaline earth metal ions such as Ca, Sr and Ba; other metal ions; alkyl group Or an ammonium ion optionally substituted with a hydroxyalkyl group; a cation derived from an organic amine and the like.
- Examples of the organic amine include lower alkyl amines having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, lower alkyl amines having 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a hydroxyl group, and lower alkyl amines having 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a carboxyl group.
- each M when two or more —SO 3 M groups are substituted, each M may be identical to or different from each other.
- M of -SO 3 M when M of -SO 3 M is a divalent or higher cation, the M is electrostatically bound to other anions and stabilized, or the M is It is shared and stabilized with other disazo compounds.
- M of each —SO 3 M contained in Q 1 and Q 2 may be identical to or different from each other.
- a polar group is preferable.
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which X is a polar group is preferable because it is further excellent in solvent solubility and hardly crystallized in a polarizing film.
- the polar group is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group having polarity. Polar groups include amino groups, hydroxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carboxamide groups, and other functional groups containing oxygen and / or nitrogen with relatively high electronegativity.
- the substitution number k is preferably an integer of 0 to 2, more preferably an integer of 0 to 1.
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which the substitution number k is 0, that is, having no substituent X is represented by the following general formula (2).
- Q 1 , Q 2 and M are the same as in the general formula (1).
- Q 1 in General Formula (1) is not particularly limited as long as it is a phenyl group having at least one —SO 3 M group as a substituent.
- the phenyl group represented by Q 1 includes a phenyl group having one —SO 3 M group, a phenyl group having two or three —SO 3 M groups, four or five —SO 3 M And phenyl groups having one or more —SO 3 M groups and substituents other than —SO 3 M groups.
- the aforementioned Q 1 is a phenyl group represented by the following general formula (Q1-1).
- Y represents a substituent other than —SO 3 M group
- the subscript m represents the number of substitution of Y
- the subscript l represents the number of substitution of —SO 3 M group L is an integer of 1 to 5
- m is an integer of 0 to 4.
- the substitution number m is 2 or more, the Ys may be identical to or different from each other.
- the substituent other than the —SO 3 M group represented by Y is not particularly limited, but a substituent having an acyclic structure is preferable because it is difficult to inhibit the formation of an aggregate.
- Y is a lower alkyl group (an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), a lower alkoxy group (an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), Is, for example, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a thioalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an acylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogeno group such as chloro group,
- this polar group includes an —SO 3 M group) and the like.
- the substituent other than the —SO 3 M group is preferably a polar group (however, this polar group does not include the —SO 3 M group).
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which the substituent other than the -SO 3 M group of Q 1 is a polar group is preferable because it is further excellent in solvent solubility and difficult to be crystallized in a polarizing film.
- the polar group include an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a carboxamide group, and other functional groups containing oxygen and / or nitrogen having relatively high electronegativity.
- the substitution number l of the —SO 3 M group in the formula (Q1-1) is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which one —SO 3 M group substituted by Q 1 is capable of forming a more stable association structure in a solvent.
- the number m of substitution of the substituent Y in the formula (Q1-1) is preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0 to 1.
- Q 1 in the general formula (1) is any one of phenyl groups represented by the following general formulas (Q1-2) to (Q1-5). In the general formulas (Q1-2) and (Q1-3), Y is the same as the general formula (Q1-1).
- Q 2 in the general formula (1) is not particularly limited as long as it is a naphthylene group having at least one —SO 3 M group as a substituent.
- a naphthylene group represented by Q 2 described above a naphthylene group having one —SO 3 M group, a naphthylene group having two or three —SO 3 M groups, four to six —SO 3 M Examples thereof include a naphthylene group having a group, and a naphthylene group having one to four —SO 3 M groups and a substituent other than —SO 3 M group.
- Q 2 is a naphthylene group represented by the following general formulas (Q2-1) to (Q2-3).
- Z represents a substituent other than —SO 3 M group
- the subscript o represents the number of substitution of Z
- the subscript n is —SO 3 N represents the number of substitution of M group
- n is an integer of 1 to 6
- o is an integer of 0 to 5.
- the substitution number o is 2 or more
- the Zs may be identical to or different from each other.
- each substituent (SO 3 M) n and Z o, respectively, may be substituted at any position of the naphthalene ring.
- the substituent other than the —SO 3 M group represented by Z is not particularly limited, but a substituent having an acyclic structure is preferable because it is difficult to inhibit the formation of an aggregate.
- a lower alkyl group an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, etc.
- a lower alkoxy group a carbon number 1 to 4 alkoxy group, preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- a thioalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an acylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a chloro group And halogeno groups, polar groups (however, this polar group does not contain an —SO 3 M group), and the like.
- the substituent other than the —SO 3 M group is preferably a polar group (however, this polar group does not contain an —SO 3 M group),
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which the substituent other than the -SO 3 M group of Q 2 is a polar group is preferable because it is further excellent in solvent solubility and is difficult to crystallize in a polarizing film.
- the polar group include an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a carboxamide group, and other functional groups containing oxygen and / or nitrogen having relatively high electronegativity.
- the number n of substitution of —SO 3 M group in the above formulas (Q2-1) to (Q2-3) is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) in which one —SO 3 M group substituted by Q 2 is capable of forming a more stable association structure in a solvent.
- the substitution number o of the substituent Z other than the —SO 3 M group is preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0 to 1. When the number of substituents Z is too large, the associated structure of the disazo compound may be destabilized in the solvent.
- Q 2 in the general formula (1) a naphthylene group represented by the following general formulas (Q2-4) to (Q2-7) is particularly preferable. In the general formulas (Q2-4) and (Q2-5), Z is the same as the general formula (Q2-1).
- the naphthylene groups represented by the general formulas (Q2-1), (Q2-4) to (Q2-7) have the function of enhancing the dielectric anisotropy in the molecular short axis direction in the molecule of the disazo compound.
- the disazo compound having this naphthylene group has higher dichroism.
- a disazo compound having a naphthylene group represented by the general formula (Q2-6) or (Q2-7) and a phenyl group represented by any one of the general formulas (Q1-2) to (Q1-5) Can also be synthesized with commonly used raw materials. For this reason, since such a disazo compound can be synthesized inexpensively, a polarizing film can be manufactured inexpensively from this disazo compound.
- the disazo compounds represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2) may be prepared, for example, by Toyo Hosoda "Theoretical manufacture dye chemistry (5th edition)" (issued on July 15, 1984, Tech Journal Hall, pages 135 to 152). It can be synthesized according to For example, an aniline compound having at least one —SO 3 M group as a substituent is subjected to diazonium chloride reaction, and this is subjected to a coupling reaction with an aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid compound to obtain a monoazoaniline compound.
- the diazonium chloride of this monoazo aniline compound is coupled with 7-anilino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid under weak alkalinity to form a compound represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2).
- the disazo compound can be obtained.
- the polarizing film of this invention should just contain the disazo compound represented by the said General formula (1), and the content is not specifically limited.
- the content of the disazo compound in the polarizing film is 50% by mass to 100% by mass, and preferably 80% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the polarizing film of this invention may contain another component other than the disazo compound represented by the said General formula (1).
- the other components include disazo compounds other than the general formula (1), monoazo compounds, dyes other than azo compounds, polymers, and additives.
- the additive include a compatibilizer, a surfactant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, and the like.
- the content of the other component is not particularly limited, but is, for example, more than 0% by mass and 50% by mass or less, preferably more than 0% by mass and 20% by mass or less.
- the polarizing film of the present invention has absorption dichroism at at least a part of wavelengths between 380 nm and 780 nm.
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film is preferably 15 or more, more preferably 20 or more. However, a dichroic ratio is calculated
- the polarization degree of the polarizing film of the present invention is preferably 97% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more.
- the degree of polarization can also be adjusted, for example, according to the thickness of the film.
- the transmittance (measured at a wavelength of 550 nm and 23 ° C.) of the polarizing film is preferably 35% or more, more preferably 40% or more.
- the degree of polarization and the transmittance can be measured, for example, using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, product name “V-7100”).
- the thickness of the polarizing film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably 0.05 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the present inventors estimate as follows the reason why the polarizing film containing the disazo compound represented by the general formula (1) has a high dichroic ratio.
- the disazo compound of the general formula (1) is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent, a plurality of disazo compounds form an association in the liquid.
- a plurality of disazo compounds having the molecular structure of the general formula (1) associate, it becomes difficult for the —SO 3 M groups of adjacent disazo compounds to repel each other. For this reason, the disazo compound forms a stable association, and the polarizing film formed from the association is presumed to have a high dichroic ratio.
- Q 1 is a phenyl group.
- a phenyl group at the site for Q 1 by being located it is presumed that absorption dichroism increases.
- the polarizing film of the present invention has a step of applying a coating solution containing a disazo compound represented by the above general formula (1) and a solvent on a substrate.
- coating means forming a coating film by casting or coating a liquid on a substrate.
- the method for producing a polarizing film of the present invention may have other steps, provided that the above steps are included.
- the production method may have a step of drying the coating obtained by the above step. It is preferable that the said base material is a base material to which orientation control force was provided.
- the polarizing film of the present invention can be preferably produced through the following step A and step B, and if necessary, the following step C may be performed after the step B.
- Step A A step of applying a coating solution containing the disazo compound and a solvent on a substrate to form a coating.
- Process B The process of drying the said coating film.
- Process C A process of subjecting the surface of the coating film dried in Process B to water resistance treatment.
- the coating liquid contains the disazo compound represented by the general formula (1) and a solvent for dissolving or dispersing the disazo compound.
- the disazo compound to be used will not be specifically limited if it is contained in General formula (1), You may use together single 1 type or 2 types or more selected from it.
- the coating liquid is obtained by dissolving or dispersing the disazo compound in a solvent such as an aqueous solvent. In addition to the disazo compound, the other components may be added to the solvent, as necessary.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, and conventionally known solvents can be used, but an aqueous solvent is preferable.
- the aqueous solvent include water, a hydrophilic solvent, and a mixed solvent of water and a hydrophilic solvent.
- the said hydrophilic solvent is a solvent which melt
- hydrophilic solvent examples include alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; glycols such as ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol; cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve; esters such as ethyl acetate; Be
- aqueous solvent preferably, water or a mixed solvent of water and a hydrophilic solvent is used.
- the coating liquid exhibits a liquid crystal phase by changing the liquid temperature, the concentration of the disazo compound, and the like. That is, the disazo compound represented by General formula (1) is a lyotropic liquid crystalline compound. This liquid crystal phase is generated by the disazo compound forming an association in a solvent.
- the liquid crystal phase is not particularly limited, and includes nematic liquid crystal phase, smectic liquid crystal phase, cholesteric liquid crystal phase, hexagonal liquid crystal phase and the like. The liquid crystal phase can be confirmed and identified by the optical pattern observed with a polarizing microscope.
- the concentration of the disazo compound in the coating solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably a concentration at which the disazo compound does not precipitate.
- the disazo compound may have a concentration at which the liquid crystal phase is exhibited in the liquid, or may not have a concentration at which the liquid crystal layer is exhibited.
- the concentration of the disazo compound in the coating solution is preferably 0.05% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass to 40% by mass, particularly preferably 2% by mass to 30% by mass It is.
- the coating solution is adjusted to an appropriate pH.
- the pH of the coating solution is preferably about pH 2 to 10, more preferably about pH 6 to 8.
- the temperature of the coating solution is preferably adjusted to 10 ° C to 40 ° C, more preferably 15 ° C to 30 ° C.
- the coating solution is coated on the surface of a suitable substrate to form a coating.
- the substrate is for developing the coating solution substantially uniformly.
- the type of substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for this purpose.
- a base material a polymer film, a glass plate, a metal plate etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the surface of the substrate to which the coating solution is applied may be subjected to a hydrophilization treatment such as corona treatment.
- an oriented film may be used as the polymer film.
- the oriented film has an orientation regulating force on its surface, so that the disazo compound in the liquid can be oriented reliably.
- An oriented film can be obtained, for example, by applying an orientation regulating force to the film.
- orientation control force for example, rubbing the surface of the film; forming a film such as polyimide on the surface of the film; rubbing the surface of the film; photoreactive compound on the surface of the film And forming an alignment film by light irradiation to the film; and the like.
- a polymer film such as an oriented film is used as a substrate, and a polymer film (for example, having a haze value of 3% or less) excellent in transparency is preferable.
- the material of the polymer film include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate; celluloses such as triacetyl cellulose; polycarbonates; acrylics such as polymethyl methacrylate; styrenes such as polystyrene; polypropylene, cyclic or norbornene structure And olefins such as polyolefins; In order to orient the disazo compound well, it is preferable to use a norbornene-based film.
- the coating method of a coating liquid is not specifically limited, For example, the coating method using a conventionally well-known coater can be employ
- the coater include a bar coater, a roll coater, a spin coater, a comma coater, a gravure coater, an air knife coater, a die coater and the like.
- the disazo compound forms a stable association, a coating film in which the azo compound is oriented substantially uniformly can be formed.
- the uncured coating film is dried. Drying of the uncured coating can be carried out by natural drying, forced drying, or the like. Forced drying includes reduced pressure drying, heat drying, reduced pressure heat drying and the like. The concentration increases in the process of drying in the drying step, and the oriented disazo compound is fixed. By fixing the orientation of the disazo compound in the coating film, absorption dichroism, which is a characteristic of a polarizing film, is produced.
- the obtained dried coating film can be used as a polarizing film.
- the polarizing film of the present invention can be formed by a solution casting method using a coating solution. Thus, according to the invention it is also possible to make very thin polarizing films.
- the thickness of the obtained polarizing film is, for example, 0.05 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the following treatment may be performed. Specifically, aluminum salts, barium salts, lead salts, chromium salts, strontium salts, cerium salts, lanthanum salts, samarium salts, yttrium salts, copper salts, iron salts, and molecules are formed on the surface of the above-mentioned dry coating film.
- a solution comprising at least one compound salt selected from the group consisting of compound salts having two or more amino groups is contacted.
- a layer containing the compound salt is formed on the surface of the dried coating film.
- the surface of the dried coating can be made insoluble or poorly soluble in water. Therefore, water resistance can be imparted to the dried coating film (polarizing film).
- the polarizing film 1 obtained by applying the said coating liquid on a base material is laminated
- the polarizing film 1 of the present invention is usually used in the state of being laminated on a substrate 2 such as a polymer film. However, the polarizing film 1 can also be used by peeling it from the substrate 2.
- Another optical film may be further laminated on the polarizing film 1 of the present invention.
- Other optical films include protective films, retardation films and the like.
- a polarizing plate can be configured by laminating a protective film and / or a retardation film on the polarizing film of the present invention.
- the polarizing plate 5 by which the protective film 3 was laminated
- the polarizing plate 5 has a substrate 2 such as a polymer film, a polarizing film 1 laminated on the substrate 2, and a protective film 3 laminated on the polarizing film 1.
- the substrate 2 has a function of protecting the polarizing film 1. Therefore, in the polarizing plate 5, the protective film 3 is laminated only on one side of the polarizing film 1. Further, although not shown in the drawing, another optical film such as a retardation film may be laminated on the polarizing plate 5.
- any suitable adhesive layer is provided between them.
- an adhesive agent an adhesive, an anchor coat agent etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the application of the polarizing film of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the polarizing film of the present invention is used, for example, as a component of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device.
- an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device.
- preferred applications are a television, a portable device, a video camera and the like.
- Example 1 Diazonium chloride of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (1 equivalent) with sodium nitrite (1 equivalent) and hydrochloric acid (5 equivalents) in a weakly acidic cold aqueous solution, 5-amino-2-naphthalene sulfone Coupling reaction with acid (1 equivalent) gave a monoazo compound.
- This monoazo compound (1 equivalent) is diazonium chlorided using sodium nitrite (1 equivalent) and hydrochloric acid (2.5 equivalents), and cooled in a weakly basic cold aqueous solution to give 7-anilino-4-hydroxy-
- the disazo compound was obtained by coupling reaction with 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (alias: phenyl J acid) (0.95 equivalent).
- 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid alias: phenyl J acid
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 25% by mass was prepared.
- the coating solution having a concentration of 25% by mass was observed at 23 ° C. according to the above-mentioned observation method of the liquid crystal phase, and showed a nematic liquid crystal phase.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 7% by mass was prepared by adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution and diluting it.
- a bar coater (manufactured by BUSHMAN Co., Ltd.) was formed on the treated surface of a norbornene polymer film (trade name "Zeonor” manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) to which a coating solution having a concentration of 7% by mass was subjected to rubbing treatment and corona treatment. It coated using product name "Mayer rot HS4"), and the coating film was air-dried. The coated film after drying is a polarizing film. The thickness of the obtained polarizing film was about 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film was measured according to the method of measuring the dichroic ratio. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A disazo compound represented by the following formula (E-2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid was used instead of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid.
- the disazo compound of the above formula (E-2) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water to prepare a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 25% by mass.
- the coating solution having a concentration of 25% by mass was observed at 23 ° C. according to the above-mentioned observation method of the liquid crystal phase, and showed a nematic liquid crystal phase.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 7% by mass was prepared by adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution and diluting it.
- a polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the coating liquid having a concentration of 7% by mass.
- the thickness of the obtained polarizing film was about 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film was measured according to the method of measuring the dichroic ratio. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- the disazo compound of the above formula (C-1) was dissolved in ion exchange water to prepare a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 25% by mass. However, at that concentration, part of the disazo compound did not dissolve, and insoluble matter was precipitated in the solution.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 7% by mass was prepared by further adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution in which the insoluble matter was precipitated and diluting it.
- the coating liquid having a concentration of 7% by mass was observed at 23 ° C. according to the above-mentioned observation method of the liquid crystal phase, and showed a nematic liquid crystal phase.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 2% by mass was prepared by adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution and diluting it.
- a polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the coating liquid having a concentration of 2% by mass.
- the thickness of the obtained polarizing film was about 0.1 ⁇ m.
- crystals were precipitated on the surface of the obtained polarizing film. The deposition of the crystals was confirmed by observing the surface of the polarizing film using a polarizing microscope (manufactured by Olympus Corporation, product name "OPTIPHOT-POL").
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film was measured according to the method of measuring the dichroic ratio. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 A disazo compound represented by the following formula (C-2) is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 7-amino-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid is used in place of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. Obtained.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 25% by mass was prepared.
- the coating solution having a concentration of 25% by mass was observed at 23 ° C. according to the above-mentioned observation method of the liquid crystal phase, and showed a nematic liquid crystal phase.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 7% by mass was prepared by adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution and diluting it.
- a polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the coating liquid having a concentration of 7% by mass. The thickness of the obtained polarizing film was about 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film was measured according to the method of measuring the dichroic ratio. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 A disazo compound represented by the following formula (C-3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid was used instead of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. .
- the disazo compound of the above formula (C-3) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water to prepare a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 25% by mass.
- the coating solution having a concentration of 25% by mass was observed at 23 ° C. according to the above-mentioned observation method of the liquid crystal phase, and showed a nematic liquid crystal phase.
- a coating solution having a disazo compound concentration of 7% by mass was prepared by adding ion-exchanged water to the coating solution and diluting it.
- a polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the coating liquid having a concentration of 7% by mass.
- the thickness of the obtained polarizing film was about 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the dichroic ratio of the polarizing film was measured according to the method of measuring the dichroic ratio. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- the polarizing film of the present invention can be used, for example, as a component of a liquid crystal display device, polarizing sunglasses, and the like.
- the coating liquid of the present invention can be used as a forming material of a polarizing film.
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Abstract
Description
汎用的な偏光フィルムは、例えば、ヨウ素で染色したポリビニルアルコールフィルムを延伸することにより得られる。
また、溶液流延法によって得られる偏光フィルムも知られている。溶液流延法は、色素材料と溶媒とを含むコーティング液を基材上に塗工することによって、その基材上に偏光フィルムを形成する方法である。
溶液塗工法によって得られる偏光フィルムは、上記ポリビニルアルコールフィルムを延伸することによって得られる偏光フィルムに比して、その厚みが格段に薄いという利点を有する。
また、安価な偏光フィルムを製造するために、安価に合成できるジスアゾ化合物が求められる。
この画像表示装置は、その構成部材として、上記いずれかの偏光フィルムを有する。
この偏光フィルムの製造方法は、上記一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物と溶媒とを含むコーティング液を基材の上に塗工する工程を有する。
かかる二色比の高い偏光フィルムを有する画像表示装置は、表示特性に優れている。
本明細書において、「AAA~BBB」という記載は、「AAA以上BBB以下」を意味する。
本発明の偏光フィルムは、下記一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を含む。
本発明の偏光フィルムは、下記一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物の中から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を含み、必要に応じて、他の成分を含んでいてもよい。
一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物は、溶媒に対する溶解性に優れており、溶媒中において安定的な会合体を形成し得る。
かかるジスアゾ化合物から形成された偏光フィルムは、高い二色比を有する。
本発明の偏光フィルムは、塗膜から形成される有機薄膜である。本発明の偏光フィルムは、特別な延伸処理を行わなくても、ジスアゾ化合物の配向により偏光特性を有する。
前記-SO3MのM(対イオン)としては、水素イオン;Li、Na、K、Csなどのアルカリ金属イオン;Ca、Sr、Baなどのアルカリ土類金属イオン;その他の金属イオン;アルキル基若しくはヒドロキシアルキル基で置換されていてもよいアンモニウムイオン;有機アミン由来の陽イオンなどが挙げられる。有機アミンとしては、炭素数1~6の低級アルキルアミン、ヒドロキシル基を有する炭素数1~6の低級アルキルアミン、カルボキシル基を有する炭素数1~6の低級アルキルアミンなどが挙げられる。各一般式において、-SO3M基が2つ以上置換している場合、各Mは、それぞれ同一でもよいし又は異なっていてもよい。また、各一般式において、-SO3MのMが2価以上の陽イオンである場合、そのMは、他の陰イオンと静電的に結合して安定化しているか、或いは、そのMは他のジスアゾ化合物と共有されて安定化している。
また、前記Q1及びQ2に含まれる各-SO3MのMは、それぞれ同一でもよいし又は異なっていてもよい。
前記極性基は、極性を持つ官能基であれば特に限定されない。極性基としては、アミノ基、水酸基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、カルボン酸アミド基、及び、比較的電気陰性度の大きい酸素及び/又は窒素を含むその他の官能基が挙げられる。
前記置換数kが0である、つまり、置換基Xを有さない一般式(1)のジスアゾ化合物は、下記一般式(2)で表される。
一般式(2)において、Q1、Q2及びMは、一般式(1)と同じである。
例えば、前記Q1で表されるフェニル基としては、1つの-SO3M基を有するフェニル基、2つ又は3つの-SO3M基を有するフェニル基、4つ又は5つの-SO3M基を有するフェニル基、1つ~4つの-SO3M基と-SO3M基以外の置換基とを有するフェニル基などが挙げられる。
一般式で表すと、前記Q1は、下記一般式(Q1-1)で表されるフェニル基である。
前記Yで表される-SO3M基以外の置換基としては、特に限定されないが、会合体形成を阻害し難いことから、非環式構造の置換基が好ましい。具体的には、前記Yとしては、低級アルキル基(炭素数1~6のアルキル基、好ましくは炭素数1~4のアルキル基など)、低級アルコキシ基(炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、好ましくは炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基など)、炭素数1~6のチオアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数1~6のアシルアミノ基、クロロ基などのハロゲノ基、極性基(ただし、この極性基には、-SO3M基が含まれない)などが挙げられる。これらの中では、-SO3M基以外の置換基は、極性基(ただし、この極性基には、-SO3M基が含まれない)であることが好ましい。
前記極性基としては、アミノ基、水酸基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、カルボン酸アミド基、及び、比較的電気陰性度の大きい酸素及び/又は窒素を含むその他の官能基が挙げられる。
また、前記式(Q1-1)の置換基Yの置換数mは、好ましくは0~2であり、より好ましくは0~1である。置換基Yの数が余りに多いと、溶媒中においてジスアゾ化合物の会合体構造を不安定化させるおそれがある。
前記一般式(1)のQ1は、下記一般式(Q1-2)乃至(Q1-5)で表されるフェニル基のいずれかが特に好ましい。
一般式(Q1-2)及び(Q1-3)において、Yは、一般式(Q1-1)と同じである。
例えば、前記Q2で表されるナフチレン基としては、1つの-SO3M基を有するナフチレン基、2つ又は3つの-SO3M基を有するナフチレン基、4つ~6つの-SO3M基を有するナフチレン基、1つ~4つの-SO3M基と-SO3M基以外の置換基とを有するナフチレン基などが挙げられる。
例えば、前記Q2は、下記一般式(Q2-1)乃至(Q2-3)で表されるナフチレン基である。
一般式(Q2-1)乃至(Q2-3)において、(SO3M)n及びZoの各置換基は、それぞれ、ナフタレン環の何れの位置に置換していてもよい。
前記極性基としては、アミノ基、水酸基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、カルボン酸アミド基、及び、比較的電気陰性度の大きい酸素及び/又は窒素を含むその他の官能基が挙げられる。
また、前記-SO3M基以外の置換基Zの置換数oは、好ましくは0~2であり、より好ましくは0~1である。置換基Zの数が余りに多いと、溶媒中においてジスアゾ化合物の会合体構造を不安定化させるおそれがある。
前記一般式(1)のQ2として、下記一般式(Q2-4)乃至(Q2-7)で表されるナフチレン基が特に好ましい。
一般式(Q2-4)及び(Q2-5)において、Zは、一般式(Q2-1)と同じである。
さらに、前記一般式(Q2-6)又は(Q2-7)で表されるナフチレン基及び前記一般式(Q1-2)乃至(Q1-5)で表されるいずれかのフェニル基を有するジスアゾ化合物は、一般に使用されている原料で合成することもできる。このため、かかるジスアゾ化合物は、安価に合成できるので、このジスアゾ化合物から偏光フィルムを安価に製造できる。
例えば、置換基として少なくとも1つの-SO3M基を有するアニリン化合物をジアゾニウム塩化し、これをアミノナフタレンスルホン酸化合物とカップリング反応させることにより、モノアゾアニリン化合物を得る。このモノアゾアニリン化合物を、ジアゾニウム塩化した後、これを7-アニリノ-4-ヒドロキシ-2-ナフタレンスルホン酸と弱アルカリ性下においてカップリング反応させることにより、上記一般式(1)及び(2)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得ることができる。
また、本発明の偏光フィルムは、上記一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物以外に、他の成分が含まれていてもよい。前記他の成分としては、一般式(1)以外のジスアゾ化合物、モノアゾ化合物、アゾ化合物以外の色素、ポリマー、及び添加剤などが挙げられる。前記添加剤としては、相溶化剤、界面活性剤、熱安定剤、光安定剤、滑剤、抗酸化剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤などが挙げられる。
前記他の成分の含有量は、特に限定されないが、例えば、0質量%を超え50質量%以下であり、好ましくは0質量%を超え20質量%以下である。
前記偏光フィルムの透過率(波長550nm、23℃で測定)は、好ましくは35%以上、より好ましくは40%以上である。
ただし、前記偏光度及び透過率は、例えば、分光光度計(日本分光(株)製、製品名「V-7100」)を用いて測定できる。
また、本発明の偏光フィルムの厚みは、特に限定されないが、好ましくは0.05μm~5μmであり、より好ましくは0.1μm~1μmである。
一般式(1)のジスアゾ化合物を溶媒に溶解又は分散させると、そのジスアゾ化合物の複数が、液中において会合体を形成する。一般式(1)の分子構造を有するジスアゾ化合物は、その複数が会合する際に、隣接するジスアゾ化合物の-SO3M基同士が反発し難くなる。このため、前記ジスアゾ化合物は、安定的な会合体を形成し、その会合体から形成された偏光フィルムは高い二色比を有すると推定される。
また、一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物は、Q1がフェニル基である。一般式(1)の分子構造を有するジスアゾ化合物において、Q1の部位にフェニル基が位置していることにより、吸収二色性が高まるものと推定される。
本発明の偏光フィルムは、上記一般式(1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物と溶媒とを含むコーティング液を基材の上に塗工する工程を有する。ここで、塗工とは、液体を基材上に流延又は塗布することにより塗膜を形成することを意味する。
本発明の偏光フィルムの製造方法は、前記工程を有していることを条件として、これ以外の工程を有していてもよい。例えば、前記製造方法は、前記工程によって得られた塗膜を乾燥する工程を有していてもよい。前記基材は、配向規制力が付与された基材であることが好ましい。
工程A:前記ジスアゾ化合物と溶媒とを含むコーティング液を、基材上に塗工し、塗膜を形成する工程。
工程B:前記塗膜を乾燥する工程。
工程C:工程Bで乾燥させた塗膜の表面に、耐水化処理を施す工程。
コーティング液は、水系溶媒などの溶媒に、前記ジスアゾ化合物を溶解又は分散させることによって得られる。
なお、必要に応じて、前記ジスアゾ化合物以外に、前記他の成分を前記溶媒に添加してもよい。
この液晶相は、ジスアゾ化合物が溶媒中で会合体を形成することによって生じる。液晶相は、特に限定されず、ネマチック液晶相、スメクチック液晶相、コレステリック液晶相、又はヘキサゴナル液晶相等が挙げられる。液晶相は、偏光顕微鏡で観察される光学模様によって、確認、識別できる。
さらに、コーティング液の温度は、好ましくは10℃~40℃、より好ましくは15℃~30℃に調整される。
基材は、コーティング液を略均一に展開するためのものである。この目的に適していれば基材の種類は特に限定されない。基材としては、例えば、ポリマーフィルム、ガラス板、金属板などが挙げられる。また、コーティング液を塗工する、基材の表面に、コロナ処理などの親水化処理を施してもよい。
また、前記ポリマーフィルムとして配向フィルムを用いてもよい。配向フィルムは、その表面において配向規制力を有するので、液中のジスアゾ化合物を確実に配向させることができる。配向フィルムは、例えば、フィルムに配向規制力を付与することにより得られ得る。配向規制力の付与方法としては、例えば、フィルムの表面をラビング処理すること;フィルムの表面にポリイミドなどの膜を形成し、その膜の表面をラビング処理すること;フィルムの表面に光反応性化合物からなる膜を形成し、その膜に光照射して配向膜を形成すること;などが挙げられる。
上記ポリマーフィルムの材質としては、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル系;トリアセチルセルロース等のセルロース系;ポリカーボネート系;ポリメチルメタクリレート等のアクリル系;ポリスチレン等のスチレン系;ポリプロピレン、環状又はノルボルネン構造を有するポリオレフィン等のオレフィン系;などが挙げられる。前記ジスアゾ化合物を良好に配向させるために、ノルボルネン系フィルムを用いることが好ましい。
前記コーティング液を基材の表面に塗工すると、コーティング液の流動過程でジスアゾ化合物の会合体に剪断応力が加わる。よって、前記会合体の長軸方向がコーティング液の流動方向と平行となって、前記ジスアゾ化合物の会合体が配向した塗膜を基材に形成できる。本発明のコーティング液中においては、ジスアゾ化合物が安定的な会合体を形成しているので、アゾ化合物が略均一に配向した塗膜を形成できる。
なお、ジスアゾ化合物の配向を高めるため、必要に応じて、前記塗膜を形成した後、磁場又は電場などを印加してもよい。
未硬化の塗膜の乾燥は、自然乾燥、又は強制的な乾燥などで実施できる。強制的な乾燥としては、減圧乾燥、加熱乾燥、減圧加熱乾燥などが挙げられる。
前記乾燥工程にて乾燥する過程で濃度が上昇し、配向したジスアゾ化合物が固定される。塗膜中のジスアゾ化合物の配向が固定されることによって、偏光フィルムの特性である、吸収二色性を生じる。得られた乾燥塗膜は、偏光フィルムとして使用できる。
以上のように本発明の偏光フィルムは、コーティング液を用いた溶液流延法によって形成できる。従って、本発明によれば、非常に薄い偏光フィルムを作製することも可能である。得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、例えば、0.05μm~10μmであり、0.05μm~5μmであり、より好ましくは0.1μm~1μmである。
具体的には、上記乾燥塗膜の表面に、アルミニウム塩、バリウム塩、鉛塩、クロム塩、ストロンチウム塩、セリウム塩、ランタン塩、サマリウム塩、イットリウム塩、銅塩、鉄塩、及び分子内に2個以上のアミノ基を有する化合物塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物塩を含む溶液を接触させる。
なお、必要に応じて、得られた偏光フィルムの表面を水又は洗浄液で洗浄してもよい。
上記コーティング液を基材上に塗工することによって得られた偏光フィルム1は、図1に示すように、基材2に積層されている。
本発明の偏光フィルム1は、通常、ポリマーフィルムのような基材2に積層された状態で使用される。もっとも、前記偏光フィルム1は、上記基材2から剥離して使用することもできる。
本発明の偏光フィルム1には、さらに、他の光学フィルムを積層してもよい。他の光学フィルムとしては、保護フィルム、位相差フィルムなどが挙げられる。本発明の偏光フィルムに、保護フィルム及び/又は位相差フィルムを積層することにより、偏光板を構成できる。
また、特に図示しないが、この偏光板5には、位相差フィルムなどの他の光学フィルムが積層されていてもよい。
前記画像表示装置が液晶表示装置の場合、その好ましい用途は、テレビ、携帯機器、ビデオカメラなどである。
グラムトムソン偏光子を備える分光光度計(日本分光(株)製、製品名「V-7100」)を用いて、測定対象の偏光フィルムに、直線偏光の測定光を入射して、視感度補正したY値のk1及びk2を求めた。そのk1及びk2を下記式に代入して、二色比を求めた。ただし、前記k1は、偏光フィルムの最大透過率方向における直線偏光の透過率を表し、前記k2は、前記最大透過率方向に直交する方向における直線偏光の透過率を表す。
式:二色比=log(1/k2)/log(1/k1)
コーティング液をポリスポイトで採取し、それを2枚のスライドガラスの間に少量挟み込み、顕微鏡用大型試料加熱冷却ステージ(ジャパンハイテック(株)製、製品名「10013L」)を備える、偏光顕微鏡(オリンパス(株)製、製品名「OPTIPHOT-POL」)を用いて、液晶相を観察した。
偏光フィルムの厚みは、ノルボルネン系ポリマーフィルム上に形成された偏光フィルムの一部を剥離し、3次元非接触表面形状計測システム((株)菱化システム製、製品名「Micromap MM5200」)を用い、前記ポリマーフィルムと偏光フィルムの段差を測定した。
4-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸(1当量)を、亜硝酸ナトリウム(1当量)及び塩酸(5当量)を用いてジアゾニウム塩化し、弱酸性冷温水溶液中にて、これを5-アミノ-2-ナフタレンスルホン酸(1当量)とカップリング反応させることによって、モノアゾ化合物を得た。このモノアゾ化合物(1当量)を、亜硝酸ナトリウム(1当量)及び塩酸(2.5当量)を用いてジアゾニウム塩化し、弱塩基性冷温水溶液中にて、これを7-アニリノ-4-ヒドロキシ-2-ナフタレンスルホン酸(別名:フェニルJ酸)(0.95当量)とカップリング反応させることによって、ジスアゾ化合物を得た。このジスアゾ化合物のスルホン酸塩をリチウム塩へ変換するため、前記ジスアゾ化合物を塩化リチウムで塩析することによって、下記式(E-1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得た。
前記コーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度7質量%のコーティング液を調製した。
前記濃度7質量%のコーティング液を、ラビング処理及びコロナ処理が施されたノルボルネン系ポリマーフィルム(日本ゼオン(株)製、商品名「ゼオノア」)の前記処理面上に、バーコータ(BUSHMAN社製、製品名「Mayer rot HS4」)を用いて塗工し、その塗膜を自然乾燥した。乾燥後の塗膜が、偏光フィルムである。
得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、約0.3μmであった。
その偏光フィルムの二色比を、上記二色比の測定方法に従って測定した。その測定結果を表1に示す。
4-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸に代えて、3-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、下記式(E-2)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得た。
前記コーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度7質量%のコーティング液を調製した。
前記濃度7質量%のコーティング液を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、偏光フィルムを作製した。
得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、約0.3μmであった。
その偏光フィルムの二色比を、上記二色比の測定方法に従って測定した。その測定結果を表1に示す。
4-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸に代えて、4-ニトロアニリンを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、下記式(C-1)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得た。
この不溶分が析出したコーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度7質量%のコーティング液を調製した。この濃度7質量%のコーティング液を、上記液晶相の観察方法に従って、23℃で観察したところ、ネマチック液晶相を示していた。
前記コーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度2質量%のコーティング液を調製した。
前記濃度2質量%のコーティング液を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、偏光フィルムを作製した。
得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、約0.1μmであった。ただし、得られた偏光フィルムは、その表面に結晶が析出していた。前記結晶の析出は、前記偏光フィルムの表面を偏光顕微鏡(オリンパス(株)製、製品名「OPTIPHOT-POL」)を用いて観察することによって確認された。
その偏光フィルムの二色比を、上記二色比の測定方法に従って測定した。その測定結果を表1に示す。
4-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸に代えて、7-アミノ-1,3-ナフタレンジスルホン酸を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、下記式(C-2)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得た。
前記コーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度7質量%のコーティング液を調製した。
前記濃度7質量%のコーティング液を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、偏光フィルムを作製した。
得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、約0.3μmであった。
その偏光フィルムの二色比を、上記二色比の測定方法に従って測定した。その測定結果を表1に示す。
4-アミノベンゼンスルホン酸に代えて、2-アミノ-1-ナフタレンスルホン酸を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、下記式(C-3)で表されるジスアゾ化合物を得た。
前記コーティング液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて希釈することにより、ジスアゾ化合物濃度7質量%のコーティング液を調製した。
前記濃度7質量%のコーティング液を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、偏光フィルムを作製した。
得られた偏光フィルムの厚みは、約0.3μmであった。
その偏光フィルムの二色比を、上記二色比の測定方法に従って測定した。その測定結果を表1に示す。
前記式(E-1)及び(E-2)のジスアゾ化合物は、分子長軸方向の左側の部位(一般式(1)のQ1の部位)にフェニル基が結合している。かかるジスアゾ化合物を含む実施例1及び2の偏光フィルムは、表1の通り、非常に高い二色比を示した。
一方、前記式(C-1)のジスアゾ化合物は、分子長軸方向の左側の部位にフェニル基が結合している。このフェニル基は置換基として-SO3M基を有さない。かかるジスアゾ化合物を含む比較例1の偏光フィルムは、表1の通り、非常に低い二色比を示した。この理由は、この式(C-1)のジスアゾ化合物の溶媒溶解性が悪く、このジスアゾ化合物が偏光フィルム中において結晶として析出し易いためと推定される。
また、前記式(C-2)及び(C-3)のジスアゾ化合物は、分子長軸方向の左側の部位にナフチル基が結合している。なお、このジスアゾ化合物は、上記特許文献1の一般式(I)に含まれるものである。このジスアゾ化合物の溶媒溶解性は良好であったが、このジスアゾ化合物を含む比較例2及び3の偏光フィルムは、表1の通り、非常に低い二色比を示した。この理由は、この部位がナフチル環であると、二色性が向上しないためと推定される。
本発明のコーティング液は、偏光フィルムの形成材料として利用できる。
Claims (7)
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の偏光フィルムを有する画像表示装置。
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CN201380002460.1A CN103718074A (zh) | 2012-02-28 | 2013-01-08 | 偏光薄膜、图像显示装置、以及偏光薄膜的制造方法 |
KR1020137024119A KR20130124382A (ko) | 2012-02-28 | 2013-01-08 | 편광 필름, 화상 표시 장치 및 편광 필름의 제조 방법 |
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JP6581798B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-10 | 2019-09-25 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学積層体 |
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CN109370615B (zh) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市国华光电科技有限公司 | 两性离子掺杂剂在制备基于动态散射模式的液晶材料中的应用 |
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JPS60168743A (ja) * | 1984-02-14 | 1985-09-02 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | 着色されたポリビニルアルコ−ル系フイルム |
JPH02309302A (ja) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-12-25 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | 偏光板 |
JPH0792531B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-28 | 1995-10-09 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 偏光板 |
JPH1143617A (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-02-16 | Bayer Ag | セルロース性物質を染色するためのジアゾ染料 |
WO2007003524A1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-11 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Disazo dyes and dye compositions for shading white paper |
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JP4929480B2 (ja) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-05-09 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光膜生成用コーティング液及び偏光膜 |
JP5623154B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-10 | 2014-11-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 液晶性コーティング液および偏光膜 |
JP5210287B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-06-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 液晶性コーティング液および偏光膜 |
JP5351060B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-05 | 2013-11-27 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光膜 |
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JPS60168743A (ja) * | 1984-02-14 | 1985-09-02 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | 着色されたポリビニルアルコ−ル系フイルム |
JPH0792531B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-28 | 1995-10-09 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 偏光板 |
JPH02309302A (ja) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-12-25 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | 偏光板 |
JPH1143617A (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-02-16 | Bayer Ag | セルロース性物質を染色するためのジアゾ染料 |
WO2007003524A1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-11 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Disazo dyes and dye compositions for shading white paper |
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JP2013178321A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
JP5942318B2 (ja) | 2016-06-29 |
KR20130124382A (ko) | 2013-11-13 |
CN103718074A (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
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