WO2013114982A1 - ポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法、及びポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子 - Google Patents
ポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法、及びポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013114982A1 WO2013114982A1 PCT/JP2013/050989 JP2013050989W WO2013114982A1 WO 2013114982 A1 WO2013114982 A1 WO 2013114982A1 JP 2013050989 W JP2013050989 W JP 2013050989W WO 2013114982 A1 WO2013114982 A1 WO 2013114982A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/14—Powdering or granulating by precipitation from solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/02—Aliphatic polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/04—Aromatic polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/16—Aliphatic-aromatic or araliphatic polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/40—Post-polymerisation treatment
- C08G64/403—Recovery of the polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/40—Post-polymerisation treatment
- C08G64/406—Purifying; Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing polycarbonate resin fine particles and polycarbonate resin fine particles.
- polymer fine particles are characterized by their high specific surface area and spherical shape, and are used to modify and improve various materials.
- Major applications include cosmetic modifiers, toner additives, paint additives, molded product additives, film light diffusing agents, and the like (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- General-purpose polymer fine particles include acrylic resin particles and polystyrene resin particles produced by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization, which are known methods, and are used in the various applications described above.
- polycarbonate is known as a polymer having higher heat resistance, higher refraction, higher strength and weather resistance than acrylic and polystyrene, and is used in a wide range of applications in molded products.
- the technology for making polycarbonate into a fine particle shape is hardly disclosed, and a pulverization method has been the mainstream for obtaining a powdery product (Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 4 As a method for producing polymer fine particles, a method using an emulsion described in Patent Document 4 is known, and production of polycarbonate particles is also attempted. However, the surface of the obtained particles is uneven, and is used for cosmetics. In terms of the fluidity of particles required for the above, it did not have sufficient characteristics (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 5 a method for producing polycarbonate particles by melting polycarbonate in silicone oil, stirring with a homogenizer, and cooling to produce polycarbonate particles has been disclosed. Since many fibrous polycarbonates occupy and it is difficult to isolate fine particles, polycarbonate particles having sufficient fluidity cannot be obtained even in this production method (Patent Document 5).
- JP 2010-8757 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-220035 JP 2011-26471 A International Publication No. 2009/142231 JP 2001-213970 A
- An object of the present invention is to provide a true spherical polycarbonate resin fine particle having a smooth particle surface, which is suitable for a method for producing a polycarbonate resin fine particle, particularly a cosmetic, a film having a light diffusion function, and the like.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- a polymer phase (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) and an organic solvent (C) are dissolved and mixed, and a solution phase containing the polycarbonate resin (A) as a main component;
- the phase separation is carried out into two phases of the solution phase mainly composed of the polymer (B)
- the poor solvent of the polycarbonate resin (A) is contacted at 80 ° C. or more, and the polycarbonate resin (A).
- polycarbonate resin fine particles according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the polymer (B) is any one of polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, and polyethylene glycol. Production method.
- the aprotic polar solvent is any one of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, and propylene carbonate [6] The manufacturing method of the polycarbonate-type resin fine particle of description.
- the true spherical polycarbonate resin particles obtained by the present invention are smooth surface particles, and therefore have good slip properties.
- the polycarbonate resin has high heat resistance, high refractive index, and high weather resistance.
- plastic sol paste Various modifications such as resins, powder blocking materials, paint additives, slipperiness improvers for plastic films and sheets, antiblocking agents, gloss control agents, matte finish agents, light diffusing agents, surface high hardness improvers, toughness improvers, etc.
- Material spacer for liquid crystal display, filler for chromatography, microcapsule Auxiliaries, medical materials such as drug delivery systems / diagnostics, fragrance / pesticide retention agents, chemical reaction catalysts and carriers, gas adsorbents, sintered materials for ceramic processing, standard particles for measurement and analysis, It can be suitably used for particles for the food industry, powder coating materials, toner for electrophotographic development, core particles for conductive particles, particles for metal pore formers, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is an observation view of the polycarbonate resin fine particles produced in Example 1 observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 2 is an observation view of the polycarbonate resin fine particles produced in Example 2 observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 3 is an observation view of the polycarbonate resin fine particles produced in Comparative Example 1 observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the smooth spherical sphere-shaped polycarbonate resin fine particles according to one embodiment of the present invention are obtained by dissolving and mixing a polymer (B) different from a polycarbonate resin (A) and an organic solvent (C).
- a solution phase mainly composed of polycarbonate resin (A) and a solution phase mainly composed of polymer (B) an emulsion is formed, and then polycarbonate resin (A) Is produced by precipitating fine particles of the polycarbonate resin (A) at a contact temperature of 80 ° C. or higher.
- the polycarbonate-based resin (A) in the present embodiment is a polymer having a carbonate group, and examples thereof include aliphatic polycarbonates and aromatic polycarbonates. For example, those having a structure represented by the following general formula: Can be mentioned.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a halogen group, m And n each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4, X represents a direct bond, oxygen, sulfur, SO, SO 2 , CR 3 R 4 (wherein R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen, carbon number An alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different from each other.), A cycloalkylidene group having 5 to 11 carbon atoms, an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, It is a repeating unit represented by a structure represented by a dimethylsiloxane group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and an isobutyl group.
- n-pentyl group isopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, sec-hexyl group, tert-hexyl group, neohexyl group, cyclopentylmethyl group, etc.
- cycloalkyl group examples include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclopentyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclopentyl group, and an ethylcyclopentyl group.
- aryl group examples include For example, phenyl group Methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, trimethylphenyl, cyclohexylphenyl, 4-biphenyl, 3-biphenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, methylnaphthyl Group, a dimethylnaphthyl group, an ethylnaphthyl group, and the like.
- the halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- examples of the hydrogen atom and the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, sec -Butyl group, tert-butyl group, isobutyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, sec-hexyl group, tert-hexyl group , Neohexyl group, cyclopentylmethyl group and the like.
- cycloalkyl group examples include cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, methylcyclopentyl group, cycloheptyl group, methylcyclohexyl group, dimethylcyclopentyl group, and ethylcyclopentyl group.
- the aryl group and For example, phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, dimethylphenyl group, trimethylphenyl group, cyclohexylphenyl group, 4-biphenyl group, 3-biphenyl group, 1-naphthyl group 2-naphthyl group, methylnaphthyl group, dimethylnaphthyl group, ethylnaphthyl group and the like.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably hydrogen atoms
- X is CR 3 R 4
- R 3 and R 4 are methyl groups or hydrogen atoms And most preferably a methyl group.
- the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polycarbonate-based resin (A) are not particularly limited as long as they can be substantially dissolved in the organic solvent (C), but the particle structure is easily maintained and the hydrolysis resistance is improved.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 15,000 or more, further preferably 20,000 or more, particularly preferably 50,000 or more, and most preferably 100,000 or more. Good.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is 1 million or less.
- the weight average molecular weight here is a weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene (PS) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent.
- polycarbonate resins can be produced from known production methods such as interfacial polymerization, melt transesterification, solid phase transesterification, and ring-opening polymerization of cyclic carbonate compounds.
- Examples of the raw material of the polycarbonate resin used in the known production method include dihydric phenol and phosgene or diphenyl carbonate.
- dihydric phenol examples include, for example, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2,2- Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) Octane, 4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1-diphenylmethane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenylethane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenylmethane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ether, bis (4-hydroxy Phenyl) sulfide, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclopentane, 1,
- Examples of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) used in this embodiment include thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins among the polymers (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A). From the viewpoint of being easily dissolved in the organic solvent (C), a thermoplastic resin is preferable.
- poly (vinyl alcohol) (which may be fully saponified or partially saponified poly (vinyl alcohol)), poly (vinyl alcohol-ethylene) copolymer (fully saponified or partially saponified) Saponified poly (vinyl alcohol-ethylene) copolymer), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly (ethylene glycol), poly (ethylene oxide), sucrose fatty acid ester, poly (oxyethylene fatty acid ester), poly (Oxyethylene laurin fatty acid ester), poly (oxyethylene glycol monofatty acid ester), poly (oxyethylene alkylphenyl ether), poly (oxyalkyl ether), polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid Sodium, polystyrene sulfone , Sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidinium chloride, poly (styrene-maleic acid) copolymer, aminopoly (acrylamide), poly (paraviny (
- poly (vinyl alcohol) may be fully saponified or partially saponified poly (vinyl alcohol)), poly (vinyl alcohol-ethylene) copolymer, since the particle size distribution is narrow.
- poly (vinyl alcohol-ethylene) copolymer) may be a fully saponified or partially saponified poly (vinyl alcohol-ethylene) copolymer), poly (ethylene glycol), poly (ethylene oxide), sucrose fatty acid ester, poly (oxyethylene alkylphenyl) Ether), poly (oxyalkyl ether), poly (acrylic acid), poly (methacrylic acid), carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, ethylhydroxycellulose, carboxymethylethylcellulose, carboxymethyl Cellulose derivatives such as cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ester, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and more preferably poly (vinyl alcohol) (which may be fully saponified or partially sap
- the molecular weight of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate-based resin (A) is preferably 1,000 to 100,000,000, more preferably 1,000 to 10,000,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight,
- the range is preferably from 5,000 to 1,000,000, particularly preferably from 10,000 to 500,000, and the most preferable range is from 10,000 to 100,000.
- the weight average molecular weight refers to a weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using water as a solvent and converted into polyethylene glycol.
- dimethylformamide is used. If it cannot be measured, tetrahydrofuran is used. If it cannot be measured, hexafluoroisopropanol is used.
- the organic solvent (C) used in this embodiment is a solvent that dissolves the polycarbonate resin (A) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- organic solvent (C) examples include ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, chloroform, bromoform, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, chlorobenzene, Halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as 2,6-dichlorotoluene, ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, Aprotic polar solvents such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, propylene carbonate, trimethyl phosphoric acid, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, sulfolane and acetonitrile, and carboxyls such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, ether solvents, aprotic polar solvents, carboxylic acid solvents, and more preferred are: Alcohol solvents that are water-soluble solvents, aprotic polar solvents, and carboxylic acid solvents are preferred, and aprotic polar solvents are particularly preferred.
- aprotic polar solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, propylene carbonate and the like are preferable because they are easy to handle.
- Particularly preferred are N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide, and most preferred is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- These solvents may be used alone or in combination.
- “Polycarbonate-based resin (A) and polycarbonate-based resin (A) different polymer (B) and organic solvent (C) are dissolved and mixed, and a solution phase mainly composed of polycarbonate-based resin (A) and polycarbonate-based resin
- a system that separates into two phases of a solution phase mainly comprising a polymer (B) different from (A) means a polymer (B) different from a polycarbonate resin (A) and a polycarbonate resin (A).
- the organic solvent (C) when the organic solvent (C) is mixed, it means a system that is divided into two phases: a solution phase mainly containing the polycarbonate resin (A) and a solution phase mainly containing a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- phase-separating system By using such a phase-separating system, it can be mixed and emulsified under the phase-separating conditions to form an emulsion.
- the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) is a dispersed phase
- the solution phase of a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) is a continuous phase
- the polycarbonate resin (B) By contacting the poor solvent of A), fine particles of the polycarbonate resin (A) are precipitated from the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) in the emulsion, and polymer fine particles composed of the polycarbonate resin (A) are obtained. Can be obtained.
- the poor solvent for the polycarbonate resin (A) refers to a solvent that does not dissolve the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the term “not dissolved in a solvent” means that the solubility of the polycarbonate resin (A) in a poor solvent is 1% by mass or less, the solubility is more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.1% by mass. % Or less.
- a poor solvent of the polycarbonate resin (A) is used.
- a polymer which is a poor solvent of the polycarbonate resin (A) and is different from the polycarbonate resin (A)).
- a solvent that dissolves B) is preferred.
- fine-particles of the polycarbonate-type resin (A) comprised with a polycarbonate-type resin (A) can be precipitated efficiently.
- the solvent which dissolves the polycarbonate-type resin (A) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate-type resin (A) and the poor solvent of the polycarbonate-type resin (A) are uniformly mixed.
- the poor solvent in the present embodiment depends on the type of polycarbonate resin (A) used, preferably both the type of polycarbonate resin (A) used and polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, n-decane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane, and aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.
- Group hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol, and solvents selected from at least one of water.
- the poor solvent of the polycarbonate resin (A) is preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, an alcohol solvent, or water. More preferred are alcohol solvents and water, and most preferred is water.
- a polycarbonate resin (A), a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A), an organic solvent (C) for dissolving them, and a poor solvent for the polycarbonate resin (A) are appropriately selected. By combining them, the polycarbonate resin (A) can be efficiently precipitated to obtain polymer fine particles.
- a solution obtained by mixing and dissolving the polycarbonate resin (A), the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A), and the organic solvent (C) for dissolving them is a solution mainly composed of the polycarbonate resin (A). It is necessary to separate the phase into two phases of a solution phase mainly composed of a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A). At this time, the organic solvent (C) in the solution phase mainly composed of the polycarbonate resin (A) and the organic solvent (C) mainly composed of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) are: Although they may be the same or different, it is preferable that they are substantially the same solvent.
- the conditions for generating the two-phase separation state are different from the type of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) or the polycarbonate resin (A), and different from the polycarbonate resin (A) or the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the temperature and pressure at which the invention is to be carried out come.
- the difference in solubility parameter (hereinafter also referred to as SP value) of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) and the polycarbonate resin (A) is required. It is preferable that they are separated.
- the difference in SP value is 1 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, more preferably 2 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, and further preferably 3 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more. Particularly preferably, it is 5 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, and most preferably 8 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more. If the SP value is within this range, the phase separation can be easily performed and the phase separation can be easily performed, so that the polycarbonate resin fine particles having a higher content of the polycarbonate resin component can be obtained.
- the upper limit of the SP value difference is preferably 20 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less, more preferably 15 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less, and even more preferably 10 (J / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less.
- the SP value referred to here is calculated based on the Fedor's estimation method, and is calculated based on the cohesive energy density and the molar molecular volume (hereinafter also referred to as a calculation method). ("SP value basics / application and calculation method" by Hideki Yamamoto, Information Organization Co., Ltd., published on March 31, 2005).
- the SP value is calculated by an experimental method by determining whether or not the solubility parameter is dissolved in a known solvent (hereinafter also referred to as an experimental method), and is used. Substitute (“Polymer Handbook Fourth Edition” by J. Brand, published by Wiley in 1998).
- the ratio of the three components of the polycarbonate resin (A), the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A), and the organic solvent (C) for dissolving them is changed. Discrimination can be made with a three-component phase diagram that can be created by a simple preliminary experiment by observing the observed state.
- the phase diagram is created by mixing and dissolving the polycarbonate resin (A), the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) and the organic solvent (C) at an arbitrary ratio, and leaving the interface.
- the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) and the polycarbonate resin (A) at the temperature and pressure at which the present invention is to be carried out are completely dissolved and sufficiently stirred. And leave it for 3 days to check if it is macroscopically phase-separated.
- phase separation is determined by using an optical microscope, a phase contrast microscope, or the like based on whether the phase is microscopically separated.
- the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) is a phase in which the polycarbonate resin (A) is mainly distributed, and the solution phase of the polymer (B) is a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) is a phase in which the polycarbonate resin (A) is mainly distributed
- the solution phase of the polymer (B) is a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) and the solution phase of the polymer (B) depend on the type and amount of the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) and the polycarbonate resin (A). It seems to have a volume ratio.
- the concentration of the polycarbonate-based resin (A) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate-based resin (A) with respect to the organic solvent (C) is the concentration of the organic solvent (C) that can be obtained in a phase-separated state.
- the lower limit is preferably more than 1% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, respectively, with respect to the total mass.
- it is 3 mass%, More preferably, it is 5 mass%.
- 50 mass% of each upper limit is preferable, More preferably, it is 30 mass%, More preferably, it is 20 mass%.
- the interfacial tension between the two phases of the polycarbonate resin (A) solution phase and the polymer (B) solution phase is an organic solvent, and therefore the interfacial tension is small. It seems that the particle size distribution becomes smaller because the emulsion produced can be maintained stably.
- the interfacial tension between the two phases in this embodiment cannot be directly measured by the hanging drop method in which a different kind of solution is added to a commonly used solution because the interfacial tension is too small.
- the interfacial tension can be estimated from the surface tension.
- the surface tension of each phase with air is r 1 and r 2
- the upper limit of r 1/2 is preferably 10 mN / m, more preferably 5 mN / m, still more preferably 3 mN / m, and particularly preferably 2 mN / m. .
- the lower limit is more than 0 mN / m.
- the viscosity between the two phases in the present embodiment affects the average particle size and the particle size distribution, and the smaller the viscosity ratio, the smaller the particle size distribution.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, still more preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0. .5 or higher, and 0.8 or higher is remarkably preferable.
- the upper limit is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 3 or less, particularly preferably 1.5 or less, and extremely preferably 1.2 or less.
- the viscosity ratio between the two phases mentioned here is the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) / the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) under the temperature conditions for carrying out the present invention. We will define it as a phase.
- phase-separating system Using the phase-separating system thus obtained, the phase-separated liquid phase is mixed and emulsified to produce polymer fine particles.
- the temperature at which the emulsion formation and micronization step is performed is 0 ° C. or higher
- the upper limit is a polycarbonate resin (A) or a polymer different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the lower limit is usually 0 ° C. or higher, preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably It is 20 ° C or higher.
- the upper limit is preferably 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably 160 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 140 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 100 ° C. or lower. It is below °C.
- the pressure suitable for carrying out the present invention is in the range of normal pressure to 10 atm from the viewpoint of industrial feasibility.
- a preferred lower limit is 1 atmosphere.
- As a preferable upper limit it is 5 atmospheres, More preferably, it is 3 atmospheres, More preferably, it is 2 atmospheres.
- an inert gas for the reaction tank.
- nitrogen, helium, argon, and carbon dioxide are preferable, and nitrogen and argon are preferable.
- an emulsion is formed by mixing the phase separation system state. That is, an emulsion is formed by applying a shearing force to the phase separation solution obtained above.
- the emulsion is formed so that the solution phase of the polycarbonate resin (A) becomes particulate droplets.
- a polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) is formed.
- Solution phase volume is larger than the solution phase volume of the polycarbonate-based resin (A), it tends to form an emulsion of such a form, and in particular, the volume ratio of the solution phase of the polycarbonate-based resin (A) Is preferably less than 0.5 with respect to the total volume 1 of both phases, preferably between 0.4 and 0.1.
- the fine particles obtained by this production method become fine particles having a small particle size distribution, because a very uniform emulsion can be obtained at the stage of emulsion formation. This tendency is remarkable when a single solvent that dissolves both the polycarbonate resin (A) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) is used. For this reason, in order to obtain a sufficient shearing force to form an emulsion, it is sufficient to use stirring by a conventionally known method, such as a liquid phase stirring method using a stirring blade, a stirring method using a continuous biaxial mixer, or a homogenizer. They can be mixed by a generally known method such as a mixing method or ultrasonic irradiation.
- the stirring speed is preferably 50 rpm to 1,200 rpm, more preferably 100 rpm to 1,000 rpm, still more preferably 200 rpm to 800 rpm, and particularly preferably. Is 300 to 600 rpm.
- the stirring blade include a propeller type, a paddle type, a flat paddle type, a turbine type, a double cone type, a single cone type, a single ribbon type, a double ribbon type, a screw type, and a helical ribbon type.
- a sufficient shearing force can be applied to the system, it is not particularly limited thereto.
- a stirrer In order to generate an emulsion, not only a stirrer but also a widely known device such as an emulsifier and a disperser may be used.
- a batch type emulsifier such as a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA), polytron (manufactured by Kinematica), TK auto homomixer (manufactured by Koki Kogyo Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Ebara Milder (manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho) , TK Philmix, TK Pipeline Homo Mixer (manufactured by Koki Kogyo Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Colloid Mill (manufactured by Shinko Pantech Co., Ltd.), Thrasher, Trigonal Wet Pulverizer (Mitsui Miike Chemical Co., Ltd.), Ultrasonic Homogenizer, Static For example, a mixer.
- a homogenizer manufactured by IKA
- the emulsion thus obtained is subsequently subjected to a step of precipitating fine particles.
- fine particles of the polycarbonate resin (A) are deposited with a diameter corresponding to the emulsion diameter by bringing a poor solvent for the polycarbonate resin (A) into contact with the emulsion produced in the above-described step.
- the fine particles of the polycarbonate resin (A) can be made into a spherical and smooth form for the first time. Has great features.
- the temperature at which the poor solvent is brought into contact is a range in which the fine particles of the polycarbonate-based resin (A) are precipitated in the form of fine spheres and smooth particles, and the preferred contact temperature of the poor solvent is 80 ° C. or higher. And the proportion of true spherical particles is further increased. Therefore, the temperature is more preferably 85 ° C. or higher, and most preferably 90 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit is 300 ° C. or less at which the polycarbonate resin (A) does not decompose.
- the contact method of the poor solvent and the emulsion may be a method of putting the emulsion in the poor solvent or a method of putting the poor solvent in the emulsion, but a method of putting the poor solvent in the emulsion is preferable.
- the method for introducing the poor solvent is not particularly limited as long as the polymer fine particles produced in this embodiment can be obtained, and any of the continuous dropping method, the divided addition method, and the batch addition method may be used.
- the continuous dropping method and the divided dropping method are preferable, and industrially efficient.
- the continuous dropping method is most preferred.
- the time for adding the poor solvent is from 10 minutes to 50 hours, more preferably from 15 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably from 30 minutes to 5 hours.
- the particle size distribution may increase or a lump may be generated due to the aggregation, fusion, and coalescence of the emulsion. Moreover, when it implements in the time longer than this, when industrial implementation is considered, it is unrealistic.
- the amount of the poor solvent to be added is usually 0.1 to 10 parts by mass although it depends on the state of the emulsion. Since the contact temperature of the poor solvent is 80 ° C. or higher, a large amount of water tends to be required for the precipitation of the polycarbonate-based resin (A). Therefore, the preferred amount of the poor solvent is 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 2 It is at least 3 parts by mass, most preferably at least 3 parts by mass.
- the contact time between the poor solvent and the emulsion may be a time sufficient for the fine particles to precipitate, but in order to cause sufficient precipitation and to obtain efficient productivity, 5 minutes to 50 minutes after completion of the addition of the poor solvent. Time, more preferably 5 minutes or more and 10 hours or less, still more preferably 10 minutes or more and 5 hours or less, particularly preferably 20 minutes or more and 4 hours or less, and most preferably 30 minutes or more and 3 hours or less. Within hours.
- the polycarbonate-based fine particle dispersion thus prepared is recovered as a fine particle powder by solid-liquid separation by a generally known method such as filtration, vacuum filtration, pressure filtration, centrifugal separation, centrifugal filtration, spray drying and the like. I can do it.
- the polymer fine particles that have been separated into solid and liquid are refined by washing with a solvent or the like to remove attached or contained impurities, if necessary.
- recycling is performed by reusing the organic solvent (C) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate-based resin (A) separated in the solid-liquid separation step performed when obtaining the fine particle powder. Can be done.
- the solvent obtained by solid-liquid separation is a mixture of a polymer (B), an organic solvent (C) and a poor solvent different from the polycarbonate resin (A).
- the method for removing the poor solvent is usually performed by a known method, and specific examples include simple distillation, vacuum distillation, precision distillation, thin film distillation, extraction, membrane separation, and the like. This is a method by distillation or precision distillation.
- the system When performing distillation operations such as simple distillation and vacuum distillation, the system is heated as in the production of polymer fine particles, and the thermal decomposition of the polymer (B) and organic solvent (C) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) is performed. Since there is a possibility of promoting, it is preferable to carry out in the state which does not have oxygen as much as possible, More preferably, it carries out in inert atmosphere. Specifically, it is preferable to carry out under nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide conditions. Moreover, you may re-add a phenol type compound as antioxidant.
- the residual amount of the poor solvent is the total of the organic solvent (C) to be recycled and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A). It is 10 mass% or less with respect to quantity, Preferably it is 5 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 3 mass% or less, Most preferably, it is 1 mass% or less. When exceeding this range, the particle size distribution of the fine particles becomes large or the particles aggregate, which is not preferable.
- the amount of the poor solvent in the solvent used for recycling can be measured by a generally known method, and can be measured by a gas chromatography method, a Karl Fischer method, or the like.
- the organic solvent (C) and the polymer (B) different from the polycarbonate resin (A) may actually be lost. It is preferable to fix it.
- the surface-smooth polycarbonate resin particles in this embodiment are characterized by an average sphericity of 80 or more. Since the fluidity of the fine particles is improved and suitable for various uses such as cosmetics and films, 85 or more is preferable, 90 or more is more preferable, 95 or more is further preferable, and 98 or more is most preferable. The upper limit is 100.
- the average sphericity is the average of the sphericity of 30 particles randomly selected with a scanning electron microscope, and is calculated according to the following formula.
- the sphericity is the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of each particle, and is calculated according to the following formula.
- the surface-smooth polycarbonate resin particles in this embodiment contain 60% or more of particles having a sphericity of 80 or more. Since the fluidity of the fine particles is further improved and suitable for cosmetics and film applications, the proportion of fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and 85% or more. Is more preferable, 90% or more is particularly preferable, and 95% or more is most preferable. The upper limit is 100%, that is, all fine particles are occupied with a sphericity of 80 or more.
- the proportion of fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more is randomly selected from an area of 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m from a scanning electron micrograph, the area occupied by fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more, and the true sphere It is calculated from the following formula from the area occupied by the polymer having a degree of less than 80 degrees.
- P 80 ratio of fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- n ⁇ 80 number of measured fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- n ⁇ 80 number of measured polymers having a sphericity of less than 80
- S ⁇ 80 Area occupied by fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- S ⁇ 80 Area occupied by a polymer having a sphericity of less than 80.
- the number average particle diameter of the surface-smooth polycarbonate resin fine particles in this embodiment is usually 100 ⁇ m or less, according to a preferred embodiment, 50 ⁇ m or less, and according to a more preferred embodiment, 30 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or less. Yes, and most preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, but an appropriate particle diameter range is determined depending on the use such as cosmetics and films.
- the lower limit is that when used in toner or the like, particles tend to agglomerate with each other, so that they are 0.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ m or more. Most preferably, it is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the particle size distribution index indicating the particle size distribution of the surface-smooth polycarbonate-based resin fine particles in this embodiment is 3 or less, and in cosmetics, film applications, etc.
- the particle size distribution index is preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, still more preferably 1.3 or less, and most preferably 1.2 or less.
- the lower limit is theoretically 1.
- the number average particle diameter of the surface-smooth polycarbonate resin fine particles referred to here can be calculated by randomly identifying 100 particle diameters from a scanning electron micrograph and calculating the arithmetic average thereof.
- the maximum diameter of the particle is taken as the particle diameter.
- it is measured at a magnification of at least 1000 times, preferably 5000 times or more.
- the particle size distribution index is determined based on the value of the particle diameter obtained above based on the following numerical conversion formula.
- Ri particle diameter of individual particles
- n number of measurements 100
- Dn number average particle diameter
- Dv volume average particle diameter
- PDI particle diameter distribution index.
- the true spherical polycarbonate resin fine particles obtained according to this embodiment are particles having a smooth surface, so that they have good slipperiness, in addition to the high heat resistance, high refractive index, high Because it is a highly functional fine particle with weather resistance, cosmetic materials and additives such as foundations, lipsticks, and scrubs for male cosmetics, slush molding materials, rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing materials, and plastic sol Paste resin, powder blocking material, paint additive, plastic film / sheet slipperiness improver, antiblocking agent, gloss modifier, matte finish agent, light diffusing agent, surface high hardness improver, toughness improver, etc.
- Modifiers spacers for liquid crystal displays, chromatographic fillers, micro cartridges Cell aids, medical materials such as drug delivery systems / diagnostics, fragrance / agrochemical retention agents, chemical reaction catalysts and carriers, gas adsorbents, ceramic processing sintered materials, standards for measurement and analysis It can be suitably used for particles, particles for the food industry, powder coating materials, toner for electrophotographic development, core particles for conductive particles, particles for metal pore formers, and the like.
- Weight average molecular weight (i) Molecular weight measurement of polycarbonate resin The weight average molecular weight was calculated by comparing with a calibration curve by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using a gel permeation chromatography method.
- Apparatus LC-10A series manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation Column: KF-806L x 2 manufactured by Showa Denko KK Mobile phase: Tetrahydrofuran Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min Detection: differential refractometer Column temperature: 30 ° C
- the average particle diameter was calculated by measuring 100 particle diameters randomly from the photograph and calculating the arithmetic average thereof.
- the particle size distribution index indicating the particle size distribution was calculated based on the following numerical conversion formula for the individual particle diameter values obtained above.
- Ri particle diameter of individual particles
- n number of measurement 100
- Dn number average particle diameter
- Dv volume average particle diameter
- PDI particle diameter distribution index.
- the average sphericity is an average of the sphericity of 30 randomly selected particles with a scanning electron microscope, and is calculated according to the following formula.
- the sphericity is the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of each particle, and is calculated according to the following formula.
- P 80 ratio of fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- n ⁇ 80 number of measured fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- n ⁇ 80 number of measured polymers having a sphericity of less than 80
- S ⁇ 80 Area occupied by fine particles having a sphericity of 80 or more
- S ⁇ 80 Area occupied by a polymer having a sphericity of less than 80.
- Example 1 In a 100 mL four-necked flask, 5.0 g of polycarbonate (“Taflon (registered trademark)” A2200, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 55,000, glass transition temperature 150 ° C.) as the polymer (A), organic solvent ( C) N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (40 g) and polymer (B) as polyvinyl alcohol (Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd. 'GOHSENOL (registered trademark)' GL-05, weight average molecular weight 13,000) (5.0 g) were added. The mixture was heated to 80 ° C. and stirred until the polymer was dissolved.
- polycarbonate (“Taflon (registered trademark)” A2200, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 55,000, glass transition temperature 150 ° C.)
- Example 2 In a 100 mL four-necked flask, 5.0 g of polycarbonate (“Taflon (registered trademark)” A2200, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 55,000, glass transition temperature 150 ° C.) as the polymer (A), organic solvent ( C) N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (40 g) and polymer (B) as polyvinyl alcohol (Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd. 'GOHSENOL (registered trademark)' GL-05, weight average molecular weight 13,000) (5.0 g) were added. The mixture was heated to 90 ° C. and stirred until the polymer was dissolved.
- polycarbonate (“Taflon (registered trademark)” A2200, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 55,000, glass transition temperature 150 ° C.)
- Example 3 41.5 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as the organic solvent (C), polyvinyl alcohol as the polymer (B) (“GOHSENOL (registered trademark)” GL-05, weight average molecular weight 13,000, manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) 3 Except for 0.5 g, an experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain 4.1 g of a white solid.
- the number average particle size of the obtained powder was 18.4 ⁇ m, the particle size distribution index was 1.35, and the average sphericity was 92.
- Example 4 38.5 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as the organic solvent (C), polyvinyl alcohol as the polymer (B) (“GOHSENOL (registered trademark)” GL-05 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 13,000) 6 Except for 0.5 g, an experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain 4.1 g of a white solid.
- the number average particle size of the obtained powder was 5.6 ⁇ m, the particle size distribution index was 1.20, and the average sphericity was 93.
- Example 2 Filtration of the resulting suspension was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 50 g of ion-exchanged water as a poor solvent was added dropwise at a speed of 0.41 g / min via a liquid feed pump. At times, the fine particles aggregated and could not be separated by filtration.
- the true spherical polycarbonate resin fine particles obtained by the present invention are particles having a smooth surface, so that they have good slipperiness, and in addition, the polycarbonate resin has high heat resistance, high refractive index, high Because it is a highly functional fine particle with weather resistance, cosmetic materials and additives such as foundations, lipsticks, and scrubs for male cosmetics, slush molding materials, rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing materials, and plastic sol Paste resin, powder blocking material, paint additive, plastic film / sheet slipperiness improver, antiblocking agent, gloss modifier, matte finish agent, light diffusing agent, surface high hardness improver, toughness improver, etc.
- Modifier spacer for liquid crystal display, packing material for chromatography, micro Auxiliary agents, medical materials such as drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents, fragrance and agrochemical retention agents, chemical reaction catalysts and carriers, gas adsorbents, sintered materials for ceramic processing, standards for measurement and analysis It can be suitably used for particles, particles for the food industry, powder coating materials, toner for electrophotographic development, core particles for conductive particles, particles for metal pore formers, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明は、以下のような構成を有する。
本発明の一実施態様に係る表面平滑な真球ポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子は、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)とポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)とは異なるポリマー(B)と有機溶媒(C)とを溶解混合し、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)を主成分とする溶液相と、ポリマー(B)を主成分とする溶液相の2相に相分離する系において、エマルションを形成させた後、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の貧溶媒との接触温度を80℃以上で、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の微粒子を析出させることで製造する。
(i)ポリカーボネート系樹脂の分子量測定
重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー法を用い、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)による校正曲線と対比させて分子量を算出した。
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製 KF-806L × 2本
移動相:テトラヒドロフラン
流速:1.0ml/min
検出:示差屈折率計
カラム温度:30℃
重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー法を用い、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)による校正曲線と対比させて分子量を算出した。
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製 GF-7MHQ × 2本
移動相:10mmol/L 臭化リチウム水溶液
流速:1.0ml/min
検出:示差屈折率計
カラム温度:40℃
セイコーインスツル株式会社製ロボットDSC RDC220を使用し、窒素ガス雰囲気下、30℃から10℃/分の速度で180℃まで昇温、1分間保持し、10℃/分の速度で30℃まで降温し、1分間保持した後、10℃/分の速度で180℃まで昇温した時のガラス転移点を測定した。
微粒子の個々の粒子径は、走査型電子顕微鏡(日本電子株式会社製走査型電子顕微鏡JSM-6301NF)にて、微粒子を1000倍で観察し、測長した。尚、粒子が真円でない場合は、長径をその粒子径として測定した。
平均真球度は、走査型電子顕微鏡にて、無作為に選択した粒子30個の真球度の平均であり、下記式に従い算出する。真球度は、個々の粒子の短径と長径の比であり、下記式に従い算出する。
真球度80以上の微粒子の含有される割合は、走査型電子顕微鏡写真から100μm×100μmの範囲の面積を無作為に選択し、真球度80以上の微粒子の占める面積、及び真球度が80より小さい形態のポリマーの占める面積から、下記式より算出される。
100mLの4口フラスコの中に、ポリマー(A)としてポリカーボネート(出光興産株式会社製‘タフロン(登録商標)’A2200、重量平均分子量55,000、ガラス転移温度150℃)5.0g、有機溶媒(C)としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン 40g、ポリマー(B)としてポリビニルアルコール(日本合成化学株式会社製‘ゴーセノール(登録商標)’GL-05、重量平均分子量13,000)5.0gを加え、80℃に加熱し、ポリマーが溶解するまで攪拌を行った。系の温度を80℃に維持したまま、450rpmで攪拌しながら、貧溶媒として100gのイオン交換水を、送液ポンプを経由して、1.64g/分のスピードで滴下した。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、イオン交換水100gで洗浄し、濾別したものを、10時間、凍結乾燥を行い、4.7gの白色固体を得た。得られた粉体を走査型電子にて観察したところ、表面平滑の真球形状であり、数平均粒子径は、8.1μm、粒子径分布指数は、1.10、平均真球度は、90であった。真球度80以上の微粒子は、80%であった。得られたポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の走査型電子顕微鏡写真を図1に示す。
100mLの4口フラスコの中に、ポリマー(A)としてポリカーボネート(出光興産株式会社製‘タフロン(登録商標)’A2200、重量平均分子量55,000、ガラス転移温度150℃)5.0g、有機溶媒(C)としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン 40g、ポリマー(B)としてポリビニルアルコール(日本合成化学株式会社製‘ゴーセノール(登録商標)’GL-05、重量平均分子量13,000)5.0gを加え、90℃に加熱し、ポリマーが溶解するまで攪拌を行った。系の温度を90℃に維持したまま、450rpmで攪拌しながら、貧溶媒として150gのイオン交換水を、送液ポンプを経由して、2.05g/分のスピードで滴下した。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、イオン交換水100gで洗浄し、濾別したものを、10時間、凍結乾燥を行い、4.2gの白色固体を得た。得られた粉体を走査型電子にて観察したところ、表面平滑の真球形状であり、数平均粒子径は、9.1μm、粒子径分布指数は、1.28、平均真球度は、95であった。真球度80以上の微粒子は、88%であった。得られたポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の走査型電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示す。
有機溶媒(C)としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン 41.5g、ポリマー(B)としてポリビニルアルコール(日本合成化学株式会社製‘ゴーセノール(登録商標)’GL-05、重量平均分子量13,000)3.5g以外、実施例2と同様の方法で実験したところ、4.1gの白色固体を得た。得られた粉体の数平均粒子径は、18.4μm、粒子径分布指数は、1.35、平均真球度は、92であった。
有機溶媒(C)としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン 38.5g、ポリマー(B)としてポリビニルアルコール(日本合成化学株式会社製‘ゴーセノール(登録商標)’GL-05、重量平均分子量13,000)6.5g以外、実施例2と同様の方法で実験したところ、4.1gの白色固体を得た。得られた粉体の数平均粒子径は、5.6μm、粒子径分布指数は、1.20、平均真球度は、93であった。
100mLの4口フラスコの中に、ポリマー(A)としてポリカーボネート(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチック株式会社製‘ユーピロン(登録商標)’E2200、重量平均分子量45,000、ガラス転移温度150℃)2.5g、有機溶媒(C)としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン 45g、ポリマー(B)としてポリビニルアルコール(日本合成化学株式会社製‘ゴーセノール(登録商標)’GL-05、重量平均分子量13,000)2.5gを加え、80℃に加熱し、ポリマーが溶解するまで攪拌を行った。系の温度を室温に戻した後に、450rpmで攪拌しながら、貧溶媒として50gのイオン交換水を、送液ポンプを経由して、0.41g/分のスピードで滴下した。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、イオン交換水100gで洗浄し、濾別したものを、80℃ 10時間真空乾燥を行い、2.2gの白色固体を得た。得られた粉体を走査型電子にて観察したところ、表面に凹凸のある多孔質形状であり、数平均粒子径は、9.6μm、粒子径分布指数は、1.12、平均真球度は、72であった。真球度80以上の微粒子は、52%であった。得られたポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の走査型電子顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。
貧溶媒として50gのイオン交換水を、送液ポンプを経由して、0.41g/分のスピードで滴下する以外、実施例2と同様の方法で実施したところ、得られた懸濁液のろ過時に、微粒子同士が凝集してしまい、濾別することができなかった。
参考文献4(特開2001-213970号公報)、実施例1記載の方法で得られたポリカーボネート粒子の走査型電子顕微鏡写真、図3から平均真球度を算出したところ、48であった。真球度80以上の微粒子を算出したところ、43%であった。
Claims (11)
- ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)とポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)とは異なるポリマー(B)と有機溶媒(C)とを溶解混合し、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)を主成分とする溶液相と、ポリマー(B)を主成分とする溶液相の2相に相分離する系において、エマルションを形成させた後、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の貧溶媒を80℃以上で接触し、ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の微粒子を析出させることを特徴とするポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の貧溶媒の接触温度が、90℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の貧溶媒の接触量の割合が、エマルション総質量1質量部に対して1~10質量部であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- ポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の貧溶媒が水、メタノール、エタノールのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- ポリマー(B)が、ポリビニルアルコール、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリエチレングリコールのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- 有機溶媒(C)が、非プロトン性極性溶媒であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- 非プロトン性極性溶媒が、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、ジメチルスルホキシド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、プロピレンカーボネートのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項6記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法。
- 平均真球度が、80以上であることを特徴とするポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子。
- 真球度80以上のポリカーボネート系樹脂(A)の微粒子が、60%以上含有されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子。
- 平均粒子径が、0.1~100μmであることを特徴とする請求項8または9記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子。
- 粒子径分布指数が、1~3であることを特徴とする請求項8~10のいずれか1項記載のポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子。
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CN201380007086.4A CN104080839B (zh) | 2012-01-30 | 2013-01-18 | 聚碳酸酯类树脂微粒的制造方法以及聚碳酸酯类树脂微粒 |
JP2013504993A JP5945977B2 (ja) | 2012-01-30 | 2013-01-18 | ポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子の製造方法、及びポリカーボネート系樹脂微粒子 |
US14/375,262 US9567443B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2013-01-18 | Method of producing polycarbonate-based polymer microparticles comprising contacting an emulsion with a poor solvent, and polycarbonate-based polymer microparticles |
EP13744402.2A EP2810973B1 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2013-01-18 | Method for producing polycarbonate-based resin microparticle, and polycarbonate-based resin microparticle |
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CN106232690A (zh) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-12-14 | 东丽株式会社 | 聚合物微粒的制造方法 |
JP2018529808A (ja) * | 2015-09-04 | 2018-10-11 | サビック グローバル テクノロジーズ ベスローテン フェンノートシャップ | 収率が向上した熱可塑性ポリマー粒子の製造方法 |
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KR20190090856A (ko) * | 2016-12-06 | 2019-08-02 | 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. | 열가소성 폴리머 입자의 제조 방법, 이에 의해 제조된 열가소성 폴리머 입자, 및 이로부터 제조된 물품 |
EP3684848B1 (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2021-10-27 | SHPP Global Technologies B.V. | Process for the manufacture of flame retardant polycarbonate particles and flame retardant polycarbonate particles prepared thereby |
US20230272162A1 (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2023-08-31 | Jabil, Inc. | Producing semi-crystalline pulverulent polycarbonate and use thereof in additive manufacturing |
JP7304494B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-03 | 2023-07-06 | ジャビル インク | 半結晶性粉末ポリカーボネートの製造および付加製造におけるその使用 |
US11634546B2 (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2023-04-25 | Jabil Inc. | Producing semi-crystalline pulverulent polycarbonate and use thereof in additive manufacturing |
CN112661984B (zh) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-11-08 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种制备聚碳酸酯粉料的方法 |
WO2024044063A1 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Jabil, Inc. | Producing semi-crystalline polycarbonate and use thereof in additive manufacturing |
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TW201336897A (zh) | 2013-09-16 |
EP2810973B1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
KR20140126325A (ko) | 2014-10-30 |
EP2810973A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
JPWO2013114982A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
JP5945977B2 (ja) | 2016-07-05 |
CN104080839B (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
EP2810973A4 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
CN104080839A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
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US20150024205A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
US9567443B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
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