WO2013114624A1 - 減速因子推定装置及び運転支援装置 - Google Patents
減速因子推定装置及び運転支援装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013114624A1 WO2013114624A1 PCT/JP2012/052556 JP2012052556W WO2013114624A1 WO 2013114624 A1 WO2013114624 A1 WO 2013114624A1 JP 2012052556 W JP2012052556 W JP 2012052556W WO 2013114624 A1 WO2013114624 A1 WO 2013114624A1
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- vehicle
- load
- deceleration factor
- estimation
- acceleration
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a deceleration factor estimation device and a driving support device.
- Patent Document 1 describes a system for calculating the running energy of a vehicle. This system calculates a gradient resistance, an air resistance, an acceleration resistance, and a rolling resistance based on the estimated traveling speed, a vehicle parameter, and a road parameter to obtain a traveling energy.
- Patent Document 2 describes an apparatus for estimating the weight of a vehicle.
- the characteristics of the vehicle include a characteristic related to deceleration, that is, a characteristic that becomes resistance of traveling during traveling.
- the vehicle can appropriately control the vehicle by calculating these deceleration factors and performing various controls based on the calculation results.
- Some vehicle deceleration factors vary depending on conditions during travel. Examples of vehicle deceleration factors that vary according to the conditions during traveling include air resistance and rolling resistance described in Patent Document 1, and vehicle weight described in Patent Document 2.
- each deceleration factor is estimated by calculating various conditions. However, the estimated deceleration factor may deviate from the actual deceleration factor, and the estimation accuracy may be lowered. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a deceleration factor estimation device and a driving support device that can estimate a deceleration factor with higher accuracy.
- the present invention provides a deceleration factor estimation device for estimating a deceleration factor of a vehicle, comprising: a load load calculation unit that calculates a load load estimation value; and a predetermined frequency component of the load load estimation value.
- a filtering operation unit that performs a filling process to be extracted is provided.
- the filtering operation unit extracts a total load load component by filtering the load load estimated value with a first time constant, and the load load estimated value is a second having a cycle longer than the first time constant. It is preferable that a vehicle-derived road load component is extracted by filtering with a time constant, and the environment-derived road load component is calculated by subtracting the vehicle-derived road load component from the total road load component.
- a deceleration factor estimation unit including the road load calculation unit and the filtering calculation unit, a driving force acquisition unit that acquires the driving force of the vehicle, a vehicle speed acquisition unit that acquires the vehicle speed of the vehicle, and an acceleration of the vehicle
- An acceleration acquisition unit for acquiring a plurality of deceleration factors including the load load estimated value based on the relationship between the acquired driving force, speed, and acceleration. Is preferred.
- the deceleration factor includes at least one of an air resistance coefficient and a vehicle weight
- the deceleration factor estimation unit is configured to output at least one of an air resistance coefficient and a vehicle weight when the environment-induced road load component is equal to or greater than a threshold value. It is preferable to stop the estimation.
- the deceleration factor includes at least one of an air resistance coefficient and a vehicle weight
- the deceleration factor estimation unit determines that the air resistance coefficient and the vehicle weight when the amount of change in the environment-induced road load component is equal to or greater than a threshold value. It is preferable to stop the estimation of at least one of the above.
- the deceleration factor estimation unit determines one deceleration factor to be estimated based on the vehicle speed and the acceleration.
- the deceleration factor estimation unit estimates the deceleration factor by analyzing the relationship between the deceleration factor, the driving force, the speed, and the acceleration using an equation of motion.
- the present invention provides a driving assistance device that provides driving assistance using the deceleration factor estimation device according to any one of the above and the deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device. And a driving support control unit to be executed.
- the driving support control unit stops driving support when the environment-induced road load component is equal to or greater than a threshold value.
- the driving support control unit stops driving support when the change amount of the environment-induced road load component is equal to or greater than a threshold value.
- vehicle behavior stability control detection unit for detecting the operation of the vehicle behavior stability control is further included, and the driving support control unit detects that the vehicle behavior stability control is activated by the vehicle behavior stability control detection. In this case, it is preferable to stop driving support.
- the present invention can estimate a road load component included in a road load caused by a mechanical loss of a vehicle, and has an effect of estimating a deceleration factor with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a vehicle control system.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the ECU, the deceleration factor estimation device, and the driving support device.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the force acting on the vehicle.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another relationship among the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another relationship among the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another relationship among the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the vehicle weight and time.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the air resistance coefficient and time.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the load load calculation result and time.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the driving force and time.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the driving force and time.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the calculation result of the load / load.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the driving support control unit.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a vehicle control system
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an ECU, a deceleration factor estimation device, and a driving support device.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 and the driving support device 70 of the present embodiment are applied to a vehicle control system 3 mounted on a vehicle 2 as shown in FIG.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 includes an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 50.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 estimates a deceleration factor by performing various calculations by ECU50 according to a condition.
- the driving support device 70 of the present embodiment includes an ECU 50 that includes the deceleration factor estimation device 1.
- the driving support device 70 estimates the running state using the deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1 by the ECU 50, and based on the result, the HMI device (support device) 4, the drive source (engine 5, MG6), etc.
- the driving of the vehicle 2 is supported by controlling and executing various driving assistances.
- the vehicle control system 3 of the present embodiment is also a so-called hybrid system in which the engine 5 and the MG 6 are combined and used as a driving source for driving for driving the driving wheels of the vehicle 2 to rotate. That is, the vehicle 2 is a hybrid vehicle provided with the MG 6 in addition to the engine 5 as a travel drive source. While the vehicle 2 operates the engine 5 in the most efficient state as much as possible, the MG 6 that is a rotating electrical machine compensates for excess or deficiency of power and engine braking force, and further regenerates energy when decelerating. It is comprised so that improvement of may be aimed at.
- the vehicle control system 3 includes an HMI device 4, an engine 5 as an internal combustion engine, a motor generator (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “MG”) 6 as an electric motor, a transmission 7, a brake device 8, a battery. 9 etc. are included.
- the vehicle control system 3 includes a vehicle speed sensor 10, an acceleration sensor 11, a yaw rate sensor 12, an accelerator sensor 13, a brake sensor 14, and a GPS (Global Positioning System, Global Positioning System) device (hereinafter referred to as “GPS”). 15), wireless communication device 16, database (hereinafter also referred to as “DB”) 17, and the like.
- GPS Global Positioning System, Global Positioning System
- the HMI device 4 is a support device that can output driving support information, which is information that supports driving of the vehicle 2, and is a device that provides driving support information to the driver.
- the HMI device 4 is an in-vehicle device and includes, for example, a display device (visual information display device), a speaker (sound output device), and the like provided in the vehicle interior of the vehicle 2.
- a display device visual information display device
- a speaker sound output device
- the HMI device 4 provides information by voice information, visual information (graphic information, character information), etc. so as to realize improvement in fuel consumption, and guides the driving operation of the driver.
- the HMI device 4 supports the realization of the target value by the driving operation of the driver by providing such information.
- the HMI device 4 is electrically connected to the ECU 50 and controlled by the ECU 50.
- the HMI device 4 may include a haptic information output device that outputs haptic information such as handle vibration, seat vibration, pedal reaction force, and the like.
- the vehicle control system 3 includes an engine 5, an MG 6, a transmission 7, a brake device 8, a battery 9, and the like as various actuators that realize traveling of the vehicle 2.
- the engine 5 applies a driving force to the wheels of the vehicle 2 in response to an acceleration request operation by the driver, for example, an accelerator pedal depression operation.
- the engine 5 consumes fuel as driving power to be applied to the drive wheels of the vehicle 2 and generates engine torque as engine torque.
- the engine 5 is a heat engine that outputs thermal energy generated by burning fuel in the form of mechanical energy such as torque, and examples thereof include a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, and an LPG engine.
- the engine 5 includes, for example, a fuel injection device, an ignition device, a throttle valve device, and the like (not shown). These devices are electrically connected to the ECU 50 and controlled by the ECU 50.
- the output torque of the engine 5 is controlled by the ECU 50.
- the power generated by the engine 5 may be used for power generation in the MG 6.
- MG6 is for applying a driving force to the driving wheels of the vehicle 2 in response to an acceleration requesting operation by the driver, for example, an accelerator pedal depression operation.
- the MG 6 converts electric energy into mechanical power as driving power to be applied to the driving wheels of the vehicle 2 to generate motor torque.
- MG6 is what is called a rotary electric machine provided with the stator which is a stator, and the rotor which is a rotor.
- the MG 6 is an electric motor that converts electric energy into mechanical power and outputs it, and also a generator that converts mechanical power into electric energy and recovers it.
- the MG 6 is driven by supplying electric power, functions as an electric motor that converts electric energy into mechanical energy and outputs it (power running function), and functions as a generator that converts mechanical energy into electric energy (regenerative function).
- the MG 6 is electrically connected to the ECU 50 through an inverter or the like that converts direct current and alternating current, and is controlled by the ECU 50.
- the output torque and power generation amount of the MG 6 are controlled by the ECU 50 via an inverter.
- the transmission 7 is a power transmission device that shifts the rotational output of the engine 5 and the MG 6 and transmits it to the drive wheel side of the vehicle 2.
- the transmission 7 may be a so-called manual transmission (MT), a stepped automatic transmission (AT), a continuously variable automatic transmission (CVT), a multimode manual transmission (MMT), a sequential manual transmission (SMT). ), A so-called automatic transmission such as a dual clutch transmission (DCT).
- MT manual transmission
- AT continuously variable automatic transmission
- MMT multimode manual transmission
- SMT sequential manual transmission
- DCT dual clutch transmission
- the transmission 7 is controlled by the ECU 50 with a transmission actuator or the like electrically connected to the ECU 50.
- the brake device 8 applies a braking force to the wheels of the vehicle 2 in response to a braking request operation by the driver, for example, a depression operation of a brake pedal.
- the brake device 8 applies a braking force to a wheel rotatably supported on the vehicle body of the vehicle 2 by generating a predetermined frictional force (frictional resistance force) between frictional elements such as a brake pad and a brake disk, for example. .
- the brake device 8 can brake the vehicle 2 by generating a braking force on the contact surface with the road surface of the wheel of the vehicle 2.
- the brake device 8 is controlled by the ECU 50 with a brake actuator or the like electrically connected to the ECU 50.
- the battery 9 is a power storage device capable of storing electric power (electric storage) and discharging the stored electric power.
- the battery 9 is electrically connected to the ECU 50 and outputs signals related to various information to the ECU 50.
- the battery 9 of this embodiment detects SOC (State of Charge) as information on the state of charge, and outputs it to the ECU 50.
- the MG 6 When the MG 6 functions as an electric motor, the electric power stored in the battery 9 is supplied via an inverter, and the supplied electric power is converted into driving power for the vehicle 2 and output. Further, when the MG 6 functions as a generator, the MG 6 is driven by input power to generate power, and the generated power is charged to the battery 9 via an inverter. At this time, the MG 6 can brake the rotation of the rotor (regenerative braking) by the rotational resistance generated in the rotor. As a result, at the time of regenerative braking, the MG 6 can generate a motor regenerative torque that is a negative motor torque to the rotor by regenerating electric power, and as a result, can apply a braking force to the drive wheels of the vehicle 2. .
- the vehicle control system 3 mechanical power is input to the MG 6 from the drive wheel of the vehicle 2, and the MG 6 generates electric power by regeneration, whereby the kinetic energy of the vehicle 2 can be recovered as electric energy. .
- the vehicle control system 3 can perform regenerative braking by MG6 by transmitting the mechanical power (negative motor torque) which arises in the rotor of MG6 in connection with this to a driving wheel.
- the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 when the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 is relatively small, the generated braking force is relatively small, and the deceleration acting on the vehicle 2 is relatively small.
- the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 when the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 is relatively small, the generated braking force is relatively small, and the deceleration acting on the vehicle 2 is relatively small.
- the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 when the regeneration amount (power generation amount) by the MG 6 is relatively increased, the generated
- the vehicle speed sensor 10, the acceleration sensor 11, the yaw rate sensor 12, the accelerator sensor 13, and the brake sensor 14 are input to the traveling state of the vehicle 2 and the vehicle 2 by the driver (driver input), that is, actual operation of the vehicle 2 by the driver. It is the state detection apparatus which detects the state quantity and physical quantity regarding.
- the vehicle speed sensor 10 detects the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “vehicle speed”).
- the acceleration sensor 11 detects the acceleration of the vehicle 2. Note that the acceleration sensor 11 of the present embodiment detects at least the longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle 2.
- the yaw rate sensor 12 detects the yaw rate of the vehicle 2.
- the accelerator sensor 13 detects an accelerator opening that is an operation amount (depression amount) of the accelerator pedal by the driver.
- the brake sensor 14 detects an operation amount (depression amount) of the brake pedal by the driver, for example, a master cylinder pressure.
- the vehicle speed sensor 10, the acceleration sensor 11, the yaw rate sensor 12, the accelerator sensor 13, and the brake sensor 14 are electrically connected to the ECU 50 and output detection signals to the ECU 50.
- the GPS device 15 is a device that detects the current position of the vehicle 2.
- the GPS device 15 receives a GPS signal output from a GPS satellite, and measures and calculates GPS information (X coordinate; X, Y coordinate; Y) that is position information of the vehicle 2 based on the received GPS signal.
- the GPS device 15 is electrically connected to the ECU 50 and outputs a signal related to GPS information to the ECU 50.
- the wireless communication device 16 is a prefetch information acquisition device that acquires prefetch information regarding travel of the vehicle 2 using wireless communication.
- the wireless communication device 16 is, for example, a road-to-vehicle communication device (roadside device) such as an optical beacon installed on the roadside, a vehicle-to-vehicle communication device mounted on another vehicle, VICS (registered trademark) (Vehicle Information and Communication System: Road traffic information communication system)
- Prefetching information is acquired using wireless communication from a device that exchanges information using a communication infrastructure such as the Internet via a center or the like.
- the wireless communication device 16 acquires, for example, preceding vehicle information, subsequent vehicle information, signal information, construction / traffic regulation information, traffic jam information, emergency vehicle information, information on an accident history database, and the like as prefetch information.
- the signal information includes position information of a traffic signal ahead of the vehicle 2 in the traveling direction, signal cycle information such as a green signal, a yellow signal, and a red signal lighting cycle and signal change timing.
- the wireless communication device 16 is electrically connected to the ECU 50 and outputs a signal related to the prefetch information to the ECU 50.
- the database 17 stores various information.
- the database 17 stores map information including road information, various information and learning information obtained by actual traveling of the vehicle 2, prefetched information acquired by the wireless communication device 16, and the like.
- the road information includes road gradient information, road surface state information, road shape information, restricted vehicle speed information, road curvature (curve) information, temporary stop information, stop line position information, and the like.
- Information stored in the database 17 is appropriately referred to by the ECU 50, and necessary information is read out.
- this database 17 is illustrated as being mounted on the vehicle 2 here, the database 17 is not limited to this, and is provided in an information center or the like outside the vehicle 2 and appropriately referred to by the ECU 50 via wireless communication or the like. The necessary information may be read out.
- the database 17 accumulates, as learning information, information on a position where the vehicle 2 has stopped at a traffic light or an intersection provided with a reference stop position such as a stop line (actual stop position).
- the database 17 stores actual stop position information for each reference stop position.
- the ECU 50 is a control unit that performs overall control of the vehicle control system 3 and is configured as an electronic circuit mainly composed of a known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and an interface, for example.
- the ECU 50 stores the detection results detected by the vehicle speed sensor 10, the acceleration sensor 11, the yaw rate sensor 12, the accelerator sensor 13, and the brake sensor 14, the GPS information acquired by the GPS device 15, the prefetch information acquired by the wireless communication device 16, and the database 17. Electric signals corresponding to various stored information, driving signals of each unit, control commands, and the like are input.
- the ECU 50 controls the HMI device 4, the engine 5, the MG 6, the transmission 7, the brake device 8, the battery 9, and the like according to these input electric signals and the like.
- the ECU 50 executes drive control of the engine 5, drive control of the MG 6, shift control of the transmission 7, brake control of the brake device 8, and the like based on the accelerator opening, the vehicle speed, and the like. Further, the ECU 50 can realize various vehicle travels (travel modes) in the vehicle 2 by using the engine 5 and the MG 6 together or selectively depending on the driving state, for example.
- the ECU 50 can detect the ON / OFF of the accelerator operation, which is an acceleration request operation for the vehicle 2 by the driver, and the accelerator opening based on the detection result by the accelerator sensor 13. Similarly, the ECU 50 can detect ON / OFF of a brake operation, which is a brake request operation for the vehicle 2 by the driver, based on a detection result by the brake sensor 14, for example.
- the state where the accelerator operation by the driver is OFF is a state where the driver cancels the acceleration request operation for the vehicle 2
- the state where the accelerator operation by the driver is ON is the state where the driver performs the operation for the vehicle 2.
- the acceleration request operation is being performed.
- the state in which the brake operation by the driver is OFF is a state in which the driver releases the braking request operation for the vehicle 2
- the state in which the brake operation by the driver is ON is the state in which the driver is in the vehicle 2. This is a state in which a braking request operation is being performed on.
- the ECU 50 detects the driver request power based on the accelerator opening.
- the ECU 50 includes a vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51, a storage unit 52, a driving support control unit 53, and a vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54.
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51, the storage unit 52, and the vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54 are included in the deceleration factor estimation device 1.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may include various sensors that detect the vehicle state and various information acquisition units that supply surrounding information.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 does not include various sensors that detect the vehicle state and various information acquisition units that supply surrounding information, and includes various sensors that detect the vehicle state and various information acquisition units that supply surrounding information.
- the communication part which acquires information may be included as an acquisition part.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 and the driving support control unit 53 are included in the driving support device 70.
- the driving support device 70 includes a drive source such as the engine 5 and MG 6 (not shown) and the HMI device 4 in addition to the ECU 50.
- the driving support device 70 may include various sensors that detect the vehicle state and various information acquisition units that supply surrounding information, as with the deceleration factor estimation device 1. Similar to the deceleration factor estimation device 1, the driving support device 70 does not include various sensors that detect the vehicle state, various information acquisition units that supply surrounding information, and various sensors that detect the vehicle state, and surrounding information.
- a communication unit that acquires information from various information acquisition units that supply information may be included as an acquisition unit.
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51, the driving support control unit 53, and the vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54 of the ECU 50 are connected to an engine control ECU, a CAN (Control Area Network) 56 constructed as an in-vehicle network. It is connected to an actuator ECU and sensors that control various actuators such as an MG control ECU, a transmission control ECU, a brake control ECU, and a battery control ECU.
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51, the driving support control unit 53, and the vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54 acquire control values of various actuators and sensor detection values as vehicle information via the CAN 56.
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 calculates various characteristics of the vehicle 2, that is, a deceleration factor of the vehicle 2 in this embodiment. Specifically, the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 acquires various information via the CAN 56, and estimates the deceleration factor of the vehicle 2 by analyzing the acquired information.
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 includes a vehicle speed calculation unit (vehicle speed acquisition unit) 60, an acceleration calculation unit (acceleration acquisition unit) 61, a driving force calculation unit (driving force acquisition unit) 62, a vehicle weight calculation unit 63, and an air A resistance calculation unit 64, a road load calculation unit 65, a vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66, a filtering calculation unit 67, and an estimation processing control unit 68 are included.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 includes a vehicle weight calculation unit 63 of the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51, an air resistance calculation unit 64, a load / load calculation unit 65, a vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66, and an environment-induced RL (road load) calculation.
- the configuration including the unit 67 and the estimation process control unit 68 is a deceleration factor estimation unit.
- the vehicle speed calculation unit 60, the acceleration calculation unit 61, and the driving force calculation unit 62 acquire various parameters used for estimating a deceleration factor.
- the vehicle speed calculation unit 60 is a calculation unit that acquires the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2.
- the vehicle speed calculation unit 60 can acquire the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2 by acquiring the detection value of the vehicle speed sensor 10 via the CAN 56.
- the vehicle speed calculation unit 60 may acquire the acquired detection value of the vehicle speed sensor 10 as it is as the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2, or may calculate the detection value of the vehicle speed sensor 10 to acquire the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2. Good.
- the acceleration calculation unit 61 is a calculation unit that acquires the acceleration of the vehicle 2.
- the acceleration calculation unit 61 can acquire the acceleration of the vehicle 2 by acquiring the detection value of the acceleration sensor 11 via the CAN 56.
- the acceleration calculation unit 61 may acquire the acquired detection value of the acceleration sensor 11 as it is as the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2 or may calculate the detection value of the acceleration sensor 11 to acquire the vehicle speed of the vehicle 2. Good. Further, the acceleration calculation unit 61 may calculate the acceleration without using the detection value of the acceleration sensor 11. For example, the acceleration calculation unit 61 may acquire the acceleration by differentiating the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor 10.
- the driving force calculation unit 62 is a calculation unit that acquires the driving force of the vehicle 2.
- the driving force calculation unit 62 can acquire the driving force of the vehicle 2 by acquiring the detection values of the driving conditions of the engine 5 and the MG 6 via the CAN 56 and calculating the detection values.
- the driving force calculation unit 62 can calculate the number of rotations of the engine 2 and the output of the MG 6 based on various conditions.
- the driving force calculating unit 62 acquires and calculates the values of loads (engine brake and regenerative brake) generated in the engine 5 and MG 6 when the vehicle is decelerating and when the driver is not performing a brake operation. You may get power.
- the driving force calculation unit 62 may acquire the detection value of the accelerator sensor 13, that is, the accelerator opening, via the CAN 56, and may acquire the driving force of the vehicle 2 from the acquired accelerator opening.
- the vehicle weight calculation unit 63 is a calculation unit that estimates the vehicle weight.
- the air resistance calculation unit 64 is a calculation unit that estimates an air resistance coefficient.
- the load / load operation unit 65 is an operation unit that estimates load / load. Calculations executed by the vehicle weight calculation unit 63, the air resistance calculation unit 64, and the road load calculation unit 65 will be described later.
- road load running resistance
- the resistance mechanical loss
- the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 of the present embodiment has the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load estimated by the vehicle weight calculation unit 63, the air resistance calculation unit 64, and the road load calculation unit 65 as deceleration factors. Become.
- the vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66 determines whether the estimated vehicle weight is abnormal.
- the vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66 acquires the estimated vehicle weight from the vehicle weight calculation unit 63, and determines that the vehicle weight is abnormal when the estimated vehicle weight exceeds a threshold value.
- the vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66 sends the determination result to the estimation process control unit 68.
- the vehicle weight abnormality determination unit 66 may be provided integrally with the estimation processing control unit 68.
- the filtering operation unit (environment-derived RL (load load) operation unit) 67 performs a filtering process on the estimated load load data calculated by the load load operation unit 65 to extract a predetermined frequency component. Specifically, the filtering calculation unit 67 performs a filtering process on the estimated road load data and extracts a predetermined frequency component to extract a vehicle-derived road load component. Further, the filtering operation unit extracts the environment-induced load / load component by processing the extracted component.
- the vehicle-derived road load component is a component including a resistance (mechanical loss) generated in a drive system that transmits a driving force generated by a drive source in the road load.
- the environment-induced road load component is a component including road resistance generated between the tire and the road surface in the road load. The process of extracting the vehicle-derived road load component and the environment-derived road load component by the filtering operation unit 67 will be described later.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 controls processing of each unit of the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether or not to execute the process of estimating the vehicle weight by the vehicle weight calculation unit 63 based on the vehicle speed acquired by the vehicle speed calculation unit 60 and the acceleration acquired by the acceleration calculation unit 61. It is determined whether or not the process of estimating the air resistance coefficient is executed by the resistance calculation unit 64 and whether or not the process of estimating the load load is executed by the load / load calculation unit 65, and various deceleration factors are estimated based on the determination. Execute the process. Further, the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether or not to stop the estimation of the air resistance coefficient and the load load based on the environment-induced load load component. Processing executed by the estimation processing control unit 68 will be described later.
- the storage unit 52 stores values calculated by the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 and values necessary for various calculations.
- the storage unit 52 stores at least an estimated value of the deceleration factor currently calculated.
- the storage unit 52 is provided in the ECU 50, but necessary information may be stored in the database 17.
- the driving support control unit 53 is, for example, a calculation unit compatible with ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems, Intelligent Transportation System), and includes a calculation unit for performing infrastructure cooperation and NAVI cooperation.
- the driving support control unit 53 executes prefetch information eco driving support processing that utilizes so-called prefetch information. That is, the vehicle control system 3 supports eco-driving (eco-driving) by using the pre-read information and causing the driving support control unit 53 to perform driving with a high fuel efficiency improvement effect. As a result, the vehicle control system 3 can suppress fuel consumption and improve fuel efficiency.
- the driving support control unit 53 outputs driving support information to the HMI device 4 to guide and support the operation by the driver for the purpose of supporting eco-driving by the driver. Moreover, the driving assistance control part 53 performs ON / OFF switching of the engine at the time of driving
- the driving support control unit 53 Based on various information acquired via the CAN 56, for example, the position information acquired by the GPS device 15, the signal cycle of the passing traffic signal acquired by the wireless communication device 16, etc., the driving support control unit 53 Get information on the route to travel. Further, the driving support control unit 53 acquires the current traveling state (vehicle speed, remaining battery level, etc.) via the CAN 56. The driving support control unit 53 can execute driving support by using information on a route on which the vehicle 2 will travel in the future, the current driving state, and each deceleration factor calculated by the deceleration factor estimating device 1.
- the driving support control unit 53 controls the engine 5 according to the situation and executes various driving support, thereby providing a driving effect that is highly fuel efficient and that is comfortable for the driver. Specifically, the driving support control unit 53 acquires information on stop positions such as traffic lights and intersections, and determines whether it is necessary to stop in the traveling direction. When it is determined that the vehicle 2 is to be stopped, the driving support control unit 53 specifies the target stop position from the information on the position of the stop line at the traffic light, the intersection, etc., the traveling speed of the vehicle 2 that is traveling, the target stop of the target On / off of the engine 5 is controlled based on the distance to the position and the driver request power input by the driver's operation.
- stop positions such as traffic lights and intersections
- the driving support control unit 53 controls the HMI device 4 according to the situation and outputs various driving support information, thereby assisting the driver to drive with a high fuel efficiency improvement effect.
- the driving support control unit 53 outputs various driving support information from the HMI device 4 based on the target driving state amount of the vehicle 2 that is running, so that the driving operation recommended for the driver, typically Provides guidance support that encourages driving with changes.
- the target travel state quantity is typically a target travel state quantity of the vehicle 2 at a predetermined point or a predetermined timing in the traveling vehicle 2.
- the driving support control unit 53 controls the HMI device 4 based on the target travel state quantity at a predetermined point or at a predetermined timing, causes the driving support information to be output from the HMI device 4, and is recommended to the driver.
- Driving assistance is performed so that the running state quantity of the vehicle 2 becomes the target running state quantity at a predetermined point and timing by providing assistance for prompting the driving action.
- the driving support control unit 53 is not limited to the one that outputs driving assistance information for guiding an accelerator OFF operation or a brake ON operation as visual information.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 may output driving support information as audio information, tactile information, or the like, and may be configured to appropriately change the modes of the audio information and tactile information.
- the configuration of the driving support control unit 53 of this embodiment will be described later.
- the vehicle behavior stabilization control detection unit 54 detects whether control for stabilizing the behavior of the vehicle, mainly control of braking force, is being executed. Controls for stabilizing the behavior of the vehicle include ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) control, VCS (Vehicle Control System) control, TRC (Traction Control System) control, and the like. The TRC control is also referred to as TCS (Traction Control System) control or TCL (Traction Control) control.
- the vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54 determines whether various controls are executed based on the vehicle information acquired from the CAN 56. The vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54 sends the detection result to the estimation processing control unit 68 and the driving support control unit 53 of the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the force acting on the vehicle.
- the force acting on the vehicle 2 during traveling is applied to the equation of motion, the following equation 1 is obtained.
- F is the driving force
- Gx is the acceleration
- M is the vehicle weight (vehicle weight)
- K is the air resistance coefficient
- Vx is the vehicle speed
- RL is the road It is a load.
- Each parameter of the above formula is positive in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3 when the vehicle 2 is traveling forward at the vehicle speed Vx.
- the traveling vehicle 2 basically generates air resistance and road load so as to decelerate, that is, in a direction opposite to the direction of the driving force F of the vehicle 2. .
- the values of K and RL are basically negative values.
- the acceleration decreases.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can calculate the value of the remaining one term by determining four terms out of the five terms of the above formula 1.
- the acceleration Gx, the vehicle speed Vx, and the driving force F can be obtained by obtaining each detected value of the vehicle or calculating each detected value of the vehicle. It is.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can estimate the value of the remaining one deceleration factor by determining the values of the two deceleration factors among the vehicle weight M, the air resistance coefficient K, and the road load RL. it can.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 of the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment determines a deceleration factor term to be estimated based on the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx. That is, when the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx satisfy the predetermined conditions, the estimation process control unit 68 performs a deceleration factor estimation process that satisfies the conditions. Therefore, when the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx do not satisfy the conditions for estimating the deceleration factor, the estimation process control unit 68 does not perform the deceleration factor estimation process.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- the vertical axis represents the acceleration Gx [m / s 2 ]
- the horizontal axis represents the vehicle speed Vx [km / h].
- accelerations A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , speeds B 1 , B 2 , B 3 are threshold values.
- the acceleration A 2 can be set to 1.0 [m / s 2 ] and the speed B 2 can be set to 50.0 [km / h].
- the acceleration A 1 and the speed B 1 are each a first threshold value
- the acceleration A 2 and the speed B 2 are each a second threshold value
- the first threshold value ⁇ the second threshold value. It becomes.
- the vehicle weight M1 is estimated among the deceleration factors.
- M1 is the estimated vehicle weight.
- the vehicle weight M1 is calculated by the following formula 2.
- the acceleration Gx is greater than the acceleration A 2 (second threshold value) and less than the acceleration A 3 and the vehicle speed Vx is less than the vehicle speed B 1 (first threshold value)
- Vx 2 Since the term becomes smaller, the influence of the Vx 2 term in the above equation becomes smaller.
- the acceleration Gx is for greater than A 2, is also reduced influence relatively RL. Therefore, the estimation processing control unit 68, the acceleration Gx is greater than the acceleration A 3 from the acceleration A 2, when the vehicle speed Vx is less than the vehicle speed B 1, while reducing the influence of the error of the other decelerating factors, vehicle The weight M1 can be estimated.
- K and RL are estimated values (previous values) calculated in the current state read from the storage unit 52. In the present embodiment has set the acceleration A 3 as the upper limit of the acceleration to perform estimation, it is not necessary to set an upper limit of the acceleration.
- the air resistance coefficient K1 is estimated among the deceleration factors.
- K1 is an estimated air resistance coefficient.
- the air resistance coefficient K1 is calculated by the following formula 3.
- Acceleration Gx is less than the acceleration A 1, if the vehicle speed Vx is greater than the vehicle speed B 3 from the vehicle speed B 2, influential term of Gx of the above formula is smaller than the section of Vx 2. Further, since the vehicle speed Vx is greater than the vehicle speed B 3 from the vehicle speed B 2, also decreases the influence of the relatively RL. Therefore, the estimation processing control unit 68, the acceleration Gx is less than the acceleration A 1, if the vehicle speed Vx is greater than the vehicle speed B 2, while reducing the influence of the error of the other reduction factors, to estimate the air resistance coefficient K1 be able to.
- M and RL are estimated values (previous values) calculated in the current state read from the storage unit 52. In the present embodiment has set the speed B 3 as the upper limit of speed to perform the estimation, it is not necessary to set an upper limit speed.
- the load load RL1 is estimated among the deceleration factors.
- RL1 is the estimated load.
- the load load RL1 is calculated by the following equation 4.
- Acceleration Gx is less than the acceleration A 1, if the vehicle speed Vx is less than the speed B 1, influence on F both terms and Gx term Vx 2 is reduced. Therefore, the estimation processing control unit 68, the acceleration Gx is less than the acceleration A 1, if the vehicle speed Vx is less than the speed B 1, while reducing the influence of the error of the other reduction factors, to estimate the road load RL1 be able to.
- M and K are estimated values (previous values) calculated in the current state read from the storage unit 52.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of control by the ECU 50.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 performs various processing determinations based on the values calculated by the units of the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51 and the state of the vehicle 2 acquired from the CAN 56, and controls the operations of the units of the vehicle characteristic calculation unit 51. Thus, the process shown in FIG. 5 can be executed.
- the estimation process control unit 68 determines whether the estimation condition is satisfied as step S12.
- the estimation condition is determined based on the shift position, the vehicle speed, and the yaw rate.
- the shift position can be acquired by detecting the state of the transmission 7 via the CAN 56.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates when the shift position is drive, the vehicle speed Vx is greater than 0 (0 ⁇ Vx), and the yaw rate YR is less than the threshold (YR ⁇ threshold). It is determined that the condition is satisfied. That is, the estimation process control unit 68 determines that the estimation condition is satisfied when the vehicle 2 is moving and is not bent more than the threshold value in a state where the driving force of the driving source is transmitted. If the estimation process control unit 68 determines in step S12 that the estimation condition is not satisfied (No), the process ends.
- step S12 determines whether the vehicle speed Vx ⁇ the first threshold value in step S14, that is, the vehicle speed Vx is the first threshold value ( For example, it is determined whether the speed is less than B 1 ). If it is determined in step S14 that Vx ⁇ the first threshold value (Yes), the estimation process control unit 68 proceeds to step S16, where Vx ⁇ the first threshold value is not satisfied (No), that is, Vx ⁇ first. When it determines with it being a threshold value, it progresses to step S27.
- step S14 the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether acceleration Gx ⁇ the first threshold value, that is, the acceleration Gx is smaller than the first threshold value (for example, acceleration A 1 ) as step S16. . If the estimation processing control unit 68 determines in step S16 that the acceleration Gx is not the first threshold value (No), that is, the acceleration Gx ⁇ the first threshold value, the process proceeds to step S17, where the acceleration Gx ⁇ the first threshold value. When it determines with it being a threshold value (Yes), it progresses to step S24.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether or not the second threshold value ⁇ acceleration Gx, that is, the acceleration Gx is greater than the second threshold value (for example, acceleration A 2 ) as step S17. . If it is determined in step S17 that the second threshold value ⁇ the acceleration Gx is not satisfied (No), that is, the acceleration Gx ⁇ the second threshold value, the estimation process control unit 68 ends the present process. That is, when the vehicle speed Vx is less than the first threshold value and the acceleration Gx is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than or equal to the second threshold value, the estimation process control unit 68, for example, has a traveling condition of the region 90 in FIG.
- step S18 the estimation processing control unit 68, when it is determined Yes at step S17, it is determined whether the acceleration Gx ⁇ third threshold (e.g., acceleration A 3), when the acceleration Gx ⁇ Third threshold However, the process may proceed to step S18.
- the acceleration Gx ⁇ third threshold e.g., acceleration A 3
- the estimation process control part 68 will determine whether it is under non-braking as step S18, when it determines with Yes at step S17. That is, it is determined whether or not the brake operation is detected by the brake sensor 14. If the estimation process control unit 68 determines that the brake operation is not being performed in step S18 (No), that is, if the brake operation is detected by the brake sensor 14, the process ends. That is, when the brake operation is being executed, the estimation process control unit 68 ends this process without performing estimation. If it is determined in step S18 that the vehicle is not being braked (Yes), that is, the brake sensor 14 has not detected a brake operation, the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 in step S20.
- the estimation of the vehicle weight M1 is performed by the vehicle weight calculation unit 63 using the above-described formula.
- the estimation process control unit 68 stores the vehicle weight M1 estimated in step S22 in the storage unit 52, and ends this process.
- the estimation process control part 68 will estimate load load RL1 as step S24, when it determines with Yes at step S16.
- the estimation of the load load RL1 is executed by the load load calculation unit 65 using the above-described formula.
- the estimation process control unit 68 stores the load load RL1 in the storage unit 52 as step S26, and ends this process.
- the estimation process control unit 68 determines whether or not the second threshold value ⁇ the vehicle speed Vx, that is, the vehicle speed Vx is greater than the second threshold value (for example, the speed B 2 ) as step S27. . If it is determined in step S27 that the second threshold value ⁇ the vehicle speed Vx is not satisfied (No), that is, the vehicle speed Vx ⁇ the second threshold value, the estimation process control unit 68 ends this process. That is, when the vehicle speed Vx is not less than the first threshold value and not more than the second threshold value, for example, when the traveling condition is between the region 92 and the region 94 in FIG. This processing is terminated without performing it.
- step S28 determines whether the vehicle speed Vx ⁇ third threshold (e.g., rate B 3), when a vehicle speed Vx ⁇ Third threshold.
- the process may proceed to step S28.
- step S27 the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether acceleration Gx ⁇ first threshold value, that is, the acceleration Gx is smaller than the first threshold value (for example, acceleration A 1 ) as step S28. . If it is determined in step S28 that the acceleration Gx is not the first threshold value (No), that is, the acceleration Gx ⁇ the first threshold value, the estimation processing control unit 68 ends this processing.
- the first threshold value for example, acceleration A 1
- the estimation process control part 68 will estimate the air resistance coefficient K1 as step S30, when it determines with it being acceleration Gx ⁇ 1st threshold value (Yes) at step S28.
- the estimation of the air resistance coefficient K1 is executed by the air resistance calculation unit 64 using the above-described formula.
- the estimation process control unit 68 stores the air resistance coefficient K1 in the storage unit 52 as step S32, and ends this process.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 when the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx are within the predetermined ranges and in the non-braking state in the flowchart shown in FIG. In other words, the estimation processing control unit 68 adds the traveling condition for estimating the vehicle weight M1 to the range of the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx, and determines that the vehicle is not being braked.
- the estimation process control unit 68 may add the traveling condition for estimating the road load RL1 to the range of the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx, so that the vehicle is not being braked. That is, the estimation processing control unit 68 may estimate the road load RL1 when the acceleration Gx and the vehicle speed Vx are in a predetermined range and the vehicle is not braked.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 of the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 determines whether the estimated value of the vehicle weight has converged or whether the estimated value of the air resistance coefficient has converged or not. 1. Change the threshold value.
- the setting process of the 1st threshold value of an acceleration and a speed is demonstrated.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of control by the ECU.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 determines whether M1 has converged, that is, whether the vehicle weight M1, which is an estimated value, has converged. For example, the estimation processing control unit 68 determines that the vehicle weight M1 has converged when the amount of change per unit time of the vehicle weight M1 that is the estimated value is equal to or less than the threshold value, and the vehicle weight M1 that is the estimated value. When the amount of change per unit time is larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the vehicle weight M1 has not converged.
- the criteria for determining the convergence of the vehicle weight M1 are not limited to this, and various criteria used for determining the convergence of the calculated value can be used.
- step S50 When it is determined in step S50 that the vehicle weight M1 has converged (Yes), the estimation processing control unit 68 sets the first threshold value of the speed to the speed B 1 ′ in step S52, and proceeds to step S56.
- Estimation processing control unit 68 when it is determined that the vehicle weight M1 has not converged in the step S50 (No), Step S54, the first threshold speed to the speed B 1, the process proceeds to step S56.
- the speed B 1 ′ is higher than the speed B 1 . That is, when it is determined that the vehicle weight M1 has converged, the estimation processing control unit 68 sets the first threshold value of the speed to be higher than that in the case where the vehicle weight M1 has not converged.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 determines in step 56 whether K1 has converged, that is, whether the air resistance coefficient K1, which is an estimated value, has converged. judge. For example, the estimation processing control unit 68 determines that the air resistance coefficient K1 has converged when the amount of change per unit time of the air resistance coefficient K1 that is the estimated value is equal to or less than the threshold value, and the air that is the estimated value. When the change amount per unit time of the resistance coefficient K1 is larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the air resistance coefficient K1 has not converged. Note that the criterion for determining the convergence of the air resistance coefficient K1 is not limited to this, and various criteria used for determining the convergence of the calculated value can be used.
- step S56 If it is determined in step S56 that the air resistance coefficient K1 has converged (Yes), the estimation processing control unit 68 sets the first threshold value of acceleration as the acceleration A 1 ′ and ends this processing in step S58. .
- Estimation processing control unit 68 if it is determined that the air resistance coefficient K1 does not converge in step S56 (No), Step S60, the first threshold acceleration and speed A 1, followed by terminating the present process.
- the acceleration A 1 ′ is an acceleration higher than the acceleration A 1 . That is, when it is determined that the air resistance coefficient K1 has converged, the estimation process control unit 68 sets the first acceleration threshold to a higher acceleration than when the air resistance coefficient K1 has not converged.
- FIGS. 7 to 9 are explanatory diagrams showing other relationships among estimated deceleration factors, speeds and accelerations, respectively.
- the estimation process control unit 68 sets the first threshold value for acceleration and the first threshold value for speed in the process of FIG. 6, so that the deceleration factor converges within the range of the driving condition for estimating each deceleration factor. It can be changed depending on the situation.
- Estimation processing control unit 68 is not vehicle weight M1 converges (not converged), the air resistance coefficient K1 is not converged (not converged), the first threshold acceleration A 1 next to the acceleration, velocity the first threshold is the speed B 1 of the.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 based on the travel conditions in the region 90, estimates the road load RL1 based on the travel conditions in the region 92, and travel conditions in the region 94. To estimate the air resistance coefficient K1.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 sets the acceleration first threshold value to the acceleration A 1 ′, the first threshold is the speed B 1.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 based on the traveling conditions in the region 90, estimates the road load RL1 based on the traveling conditions in the region 92a, and air in the traveling conditions in the region 94a.
- the resistance coefficient K1 is estimated.
- the acceleration A 1 ′ is higher than the acceleration A 1 and lower than the acceleration A 2 .
- the estimation processing control unit 68 executes the estimation of the load load RL1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 when the vehicle weight M1 has converged, even at a higher acceleration than when the vehicle weight M1 has not converged.
- the error of the vehicle weight M1 becomes small.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 estimates the load load RL1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 while maintaining high accuracy even if the load load RL1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 are estimated in the case of high acceleration. Can do.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 is not vehicle weight M1 converges (not converged), if the air resistance coefficient K1 is converged, the first threshold value of acceleration is the acceleration A 1, and the rate of The first threshold value is the speed B 1 ′.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 under the traveling condition in the region 90a, estimates the road load RL1 under the traveling condition in the region 92b, and air in the traveling condition in the region 94.
- the resistance coefficient K1 is estimated.
- the speed B 1 ′ is higher than the speed B 1 and lower than the speed B 2 .
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 when the air resistance coefficient K1 is converged, even at a higher speed than when the air resistance coefficient K1 is not converged. .
- the air resistance coefficient K1 is converged, the error of the air resistance coefficient K1 is reduced. Accordingly, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can estimate the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 while maintaining high accuracy even when the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 are estimated at a high speed. .
- the estimation processing control unit 68 sets the acceleration first threshold value to the acceleration A 1 ′ and the first threshold value of the speed.
- the value is the speed B 1 ′.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 under the traveling condition in the region 90a, estimates the road load RL1 under the traveling condition in the region 92c, and air in the traveling condition in the region 94a.
- the resistance coefficient K1 is estimated.
- the region 90a is the same region as the region 90a in FIG.
- the region 94a is the same region as the region 94a in FIG.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 determines that the load load RL1 is higher when the vehicle weight M1 is converged and the air resistance coefficient K1 is converged, even at a higher acceleration than when the vehicle weight M1 is not converged. Estimate the air resistance coefficient K1. When the vehicle weight M1 has converged and the air resistance coefficient K1 has converged, the estimation processing control unit 68 performs the vehicle weight M1 and road load even at a higher speed than when the air resistance coefficient K1 has not converged. Perform RL1 estimation.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 performs the road load RL1 under a wider traveling condition than in any of the cases of FIGS. Can be estimated.
- the error between the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 becomes small.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can estimate the road load RL1 while maintaining high accuracy even if the load load RL1 is estimated in the case of high acceleration and high speed.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 determines whether or not the first deceleration factor (for example, the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1) has converged as described above, and the second deceleration factor (air in the case of the vehicle weight M1). In the case of the resistance coefficient K1, the road load RL1, and the air resistance coefficient K1, the running conditions for estimating the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1) are changed. Specifically, when the first deceleration factor has converged, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 performs estimation under a wider traveling condition (enlarged traveling condition) than when the first deceleration factor has not converged. Execute.
- the first deceleration factor for example, the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1
- the second deceleration factor air in the case of the vehicle weight M1
- the running conditions for estimating the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 are changed. Specifically, when the first deceleration factor has converged, the deceleration factor estimation device
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can increase the chances of executing the second deceleration factor estimation process after the first deceleration factor has converged, and converge the second deceleration factor in a shorter time. Can be made. That is, the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can specify the value of the deceleration factor of the vehicle in a shorter time. Further, when the first deceleration factor has converged, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 increases the number of opportunities to execute the second deceleration factor estimation process, so that the error due to the first deceleration factor is small. The second deceleration factor estimation process can be executed.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can reduce the error at the time of estimation, increasing the opportunity to perform the estimation process of the 2nd deceleration factor. Thereby, the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can estimate the second deceleration factor in a short time and with high accuracy.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 uses the air resistance coefficient K1 and the road load RL1 as the second deceleration factor, and speed as a running condition for estimation.
- the first threshold value is changed.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 uses the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 as the second deceleration factor, and acceleration as a running condition for estimation.
- the first threshold value is changed. Thereby, even if the first threshold value is changed, the occurrence of an error can be suppressed, so that the second deceleration factor can be estimated in a short time and with high accuracy.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 may execute only one of the combination of steps S50, S52, and S54 and the combination of steps S56, S58, and S60 in the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 of the above embodiment when the first deceleration factor is the vehicle weight M1, the air resistance coefficient K1 and the road load RL1 are the second deceleration factors, but only one of them is used. It is good also as a 2nd deceleration factor.
- the first deceleration factor when the first deceleration factor is the air resistance coefficient K1, the vehicle weight M1 and the road load RL1 are the second deceleration factors, but only one of them is used. It is good also as a 2nd deceleration factor.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 determines a deceleration factor to be estimated based on the vehicle speed Vx and the acceleration Gx. In other words, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 performs estimation of a deceleration factor included in a range set by the traveling condition among the estimation deceleration factors. As a result, each of the vehicle weight M1, the air resistance coefficient K1, and the road load RL1 that is the object of estimation can be calculated in a state where the influence of other deceleration factors is small, and each deceleration factor is calculated with higher accuracy. be able to.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can reduce the influence even when an error is included in other deceleration factors when estimating the vehicle weight M1, the air resistance coefficient K1, and the road load RL1 to be estimated. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the possibility that an error is included due to the influence of other deceleration factors when estimating the deceleration factor.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 switches the deceleration factor to be estimated based on the vehicle speed Vx and the acceleration Gx, so that the estimated values of the vehicle weight M1, the air resistance coefficient K1, and the road load RL1 are influenced by other deceleration factors. It is possible to prevent the calculated value from being included in a large state. This can also reduce the possibility that errors are included due to the influence of other deceleration factors when estimating the deceleration factor, and increase the accuracy of estimation of the deceleration factor.
- the estimation process control unit 68 of the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 may stop the estimation of all parameters, that is, prohibit the estimation process of the deceleration factor when the vehicle behavior stability control is in operation.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 of the deceleration factor estimation device 1 determines that the estimated vehicle weight M1 is abnormal, it is preferable to stop estimating the air resistance coefficient K1 and the road load RL1.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 executes the estimation of the deceleration factor, it is preferable to calculate the corrected estimated value by adding the estimated value calculated in the past to the estimated value. Moreover, it is preferable that the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 is used as the value of the deceleration factor when the corrected estimated value is used in another device such as the driving support control unit 53.
- the vehicle weight M1 is preferably calculated as a corrected estimated value using the following formula 5.
- M1_F is a corrected estimated value
- M1 n ⁇ 1 is a previous estimated value
- M1 n is a current estimated value
- Kk is a weighting coefficient.
- a filter time constant as a short cycle filter. As an example, it is preferable to use a filter time constant having a period of 60 s.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the calculated M1 and M1_F.
- the vertical axis represents vehicle weight and the horizontal axis represents time.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the vehicle weight and time.
- the example shown in FIG. 10 is an example when M1 is 1800 kg.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can calculate a corrected estimated value M1_F obtained by correcting the current estimated value using the previous estimated value, thereby calculating a more accurate estimated value. .
- K1_F is a corrected estimated value
- K1 n-1 is a previous estimated value
- K1 n is a current estimated value
- Kk is a weighting coefficient.
- the filter time constant is a long-period filter. As an example, it is preferable to use a filter time constant having a period of 600 s.
- FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the calculated K1 and K1_F.
- the vertical axis represents the air resistance coefficient
- the horizontal axis represents time.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the air resistance coefficient and time.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can calculate a corrected estimated value K1_F obtained by correcting the current estimated value using the previous estimated value, thereby calculating a more accurate estimated value. .
- the load load RL1 calculates the corrected estimated value RL1_F using the following equation 7.
- RL1_F is a corrected estimated value
- RL1 n-1 is a previous estimated value
- RL1 n is a current estimated value
- Kk is a weighting coefficient.
- the filter time constant is a medium cycle filter. As an example, it is preferable to use a filter time constant having a period of 300 s.
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the calculated RL1 and RL1_F.
- the vertical axis represents load and the horizontal axis represents time.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the load load calculation result and time.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can calculate a corrected estimated value RL1_F obtained by correcting the current estimated value using the previous estimated value, thereby calculating a more accurate estimated value. .
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can calculate an estimated value with higher accuracy by correcting the estimated value. Further, when calculating the correction value, an estimated value with higher accuracy can be calculated by using different filter time constants for each deceleration factor.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can perform correction corresponding to the variation factor of the vehicle weight by performing a filter process using a short-cycle filter. Specifically, correction can be performed in response to fluctuations that occur in a short period of time, such as the number of passengers and movement of loaded luggage.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can perform correction corresponding to the variation factor of the air resistance coefficient by performing a filter process using a long-period filter. Specifically, correction can be performed in response to fluctuations that occur over a long period of time, such as replacement of external parts such as aero parts, that is, fluctuations that do not move significantly for a long time once changed.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the driving force and time.
- the vertical axis represents driving force [N]
- the horizontal axis represents time [s].
- FIG. 13 shows a driving force (vehicle driving force) F calculated by measurement and a driving force (Gx ⁇ M + K ⁇ Vx 2 + RL) calculated by assigning each value to the right side of Equation 1.
- Gx ⁇ M + K ⁇ Vx 2 + RL shown in FIG.
- the vehicle weight 13 has M as the standard vehicle weight, K as the standard air resistance coefficient, RL as the standard road load, Gx as the detected value of the acceleration sensor 11, and V as The detection value of the vehicle speed sensor 10 was calculated.
- the standard air resistance coefficient K was calculated by air density ⁇ ⁇ front projection area S ⁇ air resistance coefficient cd.
- the standard road load RL was calculated from the tire rolling resistance Rr and the vehicle mechanical loss Mr. That is, in FIG. 13, the driving force is calculated in a state where the deceleration factor is constant, that is, an almost accurate deceleration factor value.
- a value close to the actual driving force can be calculated by calculating using an equation with a deceleration factor calculated with high accuracy. Therefore, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 of the present embodiment can calculate the driving force close to the actual value by estimating the deceleration factor with high accuracy.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can accurately calculate the relationship between the driving force, acceleration, and speed during traveling by increasing the accuracy of the term of the deceleration factor in the above equation 1. Accordingly, it is possible to accurately predict the traveling behavior of the vehicle when driving assistance. Since the vehicle behavior can be accurately predicted, more appropriate driving support can be executed.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 when using the detection value of the acceleration sensor 11, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 preferably uses a value obtained by correcting the detection value with a low-pass filter as the acceleration. That is, it is preferable to use the acceleration GxF corrected by the following formula 8.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the calculation result of the driving force and time.
- the vertical axis represents driving force [N]
- the horizontal axis represents time [s].
- FIG. 14 shows a driving force (vehicle driving force) F calculated by measurement and a driving force (GxF ⁇ M + K ⁇ Vx 2 + RL) calculated by substituting each value into the right side of Equation 1. That is, FIG. 14 uses a value obtained by removing high-frequency components with a low-pass filter as the acceleration of the driving force calculated by substituting each value for the right side of Equation 1. As shown in FIG.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can estimate the deceleration factor using the value from which the noise component has been removed by using the value from which the high frequency component has been removed as the acceleration. Thereby, the accuracy of estimation of the deceleration factor can be made higher.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 of the above embodiment changes the range of the traveling condition for executing the second deceleration factor estimation process depending on whether or not the first deceleration factor has converged.
- the deceleration factor of 2 can be estimated with a short time and high accuracy, it is not limited to this.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 does not have to change the range of the traveling condition for executing the deceleration factor estimation process from a fixed value, that is, a preset value.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the estimated deceleration factor, speed, and acceleration.
- the vertical axis represents the acceleration Gx [m / s 2 ]
- the horizontal axis represents the vehicle speed Vx [km / h].
- the acceleration Ga and the vehicle speed Va are threshold values.
- the acceleration Ga can be set to 1.0 and the vehicle speed Va can be set to 50.0.
- the estimation process control unit 68 may determine a deceleration factor to be estimated using the acceleration Ga and the vehicle speed Va as threshold values.
- the estimation process control unit 68 estimates the vehicle weight M1 among the deceleration factors.
- the estimation process control unit 68 estimates the air resistance coefficient K1 among the deceleration factors.
- the estimation process control unit 68 estimates the road load RL1 among the deceleration factors.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the calculation result of the load / load.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control by the ECU.
- the vertical axis represents the load load calculation value (RL)
- the horizontal axis represents time (T).
- the filtering calculation unit 67 is supplied with data of an estimated value (RL_raw) of the load load from the load / load calculation unit 65, for example, as a signal.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 calculates the road load estimated value (RL_raw) data calculated by the road load calculation unit 65, so that the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle) and the environment-derived road load component are calculated from the road load estimated value. (RL_env) is extracted. More specifically, the filtering calculation unit 67 extracts (calculates) the total road load component (RL_all) and the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle) from the estimated road load value (RL_raw) by the filtering process.
- the environment-induced LR calculation unit 67 extracts an environment-induced road load component (RL_env) based on the calculated total road load component (RL_all) and the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle).
- the total road load component (RL_all) is a road load component including both the vehicle-derived and the environment-derived of the current vehicle.
- FIG. 16 shows the total road load component (RL_all) and vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle) calculated by the filtering calculation unit 67.
- FIG. 16 also shows the estimated load load value (RL_raw) calculated by the load load calculation unit 65.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 acquires load load data.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 extracts the total load load component from the load load estimated value in step S92.
- the filtering operation unit 67 calculates the total load load component (RL_all) by filtering the estimated load load value (RL_raw) using a filter having a first time constant.
- the first time constant filter is a fast filter.
- the first time constant can be set to 10 s, for example.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 can suitably calculate the total road load component (RL_all) including both the vehicle-derived and environment-derived of the vehicle 2 by performing filtering with a filter having a short first time constant with a short time constant. it can.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can suitably calculate the road load component applied to the current vehicle 2 by performing filtering with a filter having a short first time constant with a short time constant.
- the filtering operation unit 67 can extract the current total load load component in a state where noise is appropriately removed as shown in FIG. 16 by performing the filtering process using the filter of the first time constant.
- the total load load component is the same value as the load load estimated value calculated by Equation 7 described above.
- Each part of the vehicle 2 can use the total road load component as an estimated value of the road load for various calculations.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 extracts a vehicle-derived road load component from the estimated road load value in step S94. Specifically, the filtering operation unit 67 calculates the total load load component (RL_all) by filtering the estimated load load value (RL_raw) using a filter having a first time constant. Specifically, the filtering calculation unit 67 extracts a vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle) by filtering the estimated road load value (RL_raw) using a filter having a second time constant.
- the second time constant filter is a slow filter. The second time constant can be set to 100 s, for example.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 can suitably calculate the vehicle-induced road load component (RL_vehicle) of the vehicle 2 by performing filtering with a filter having a long time constant and a slow second time constant.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 performs filtering with a slow filter with a long time constant and a slow second time constant, so that the vehicle-induced load including tire pressure, tire type, brake drag, vehicle mechanical resistance, and the like that are difficult to change during travel.
- the load component (RL_vehicle) can be suitably extracted.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 performs the filtering process using the filter of the second time constant, so that the vehicle-induced road load that is a load road component that is difficult to change in the road load estimated value (RL_raw) as shown in FIG.
- the component (RL_vehicle) can be extracted.
- the order of the process of step S92 and the process of step S94 may be reversed.
- the filtering calculation unit 67 extracts an environment-derived road load component from the difference between the total road load component and the vehicle-derived road load component in step S96. Specifically, the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is calculated using Equation 9 below. After calculating the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) in step S96, the filtering operation unit 67 ends this process. Note that the filtering calculation unit 67 may execute the process of FIG. 17 every time it acquires the load load estimated value data, or when the load load estimated value data for a certain time is accumulated. It may be.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can extract the environment-induced load / load component from the estimated value of the load / load by performing the processing described above in the filtering operation unit 67. Specifically, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 detects the difference between the total road load component (RL_all) and the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle), which is obtained by processing the road load estimated value data with filters having different time constants. Thus, the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle) can be removed from the total road load component which is the current road load component of the vehicle, and the environment-induced road load component (RL_env) that changes in a short time can be extracted. .
- the environment-related road load component that is likely to change is whether it is traveling in a puddle, whether it is traveling in a rainy state, whether it is traveling in a snowy state, a rough road surface
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can perform various controls according to the environment-induced road load component by extracting the environment-induced road load component. Thereby, the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can perform more processes more appropriately.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 preferably performs the above-described processing in the filtering calculation unit 67 and extracts the environment-induced load load component from the load load estimated value, but is not limited thereto.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 may perform the filtering process by the filtering calculation unit 67 and extract only the vehicle-derived road load component (RL_vehicle).
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can extract various components of the road load by extracting a predetermined frequency component from the estimated value of the road load by the filtering calculation unit 67. Thereby, information on each component of the road load can be acquired, and various processes can be executed in accordance with the extracted road load component. Further, since it is possible to acquire information on each component of the road load, it is possible to obtain information on the road load in more detail and to analyze in more detail than the deceleration factor.
- the estimation process control unit 68 of the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may control the deceleration factor estimation process based on the environment-induced RL calculated by the filtering calculation unit 67. Specifically, when the estimation processing control unit 68 determines that the environment-derived RL calculated by the filtering calculation unit 67 satisfies the set conditions, the estimation processing control unit 68 can stop the estimation of the air resistance coefficient K1 and the load load RL1.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an example of control by the ECU.
- an example of controlling the deceleration factor estimation process based on the environment-induced RL calculated by the filtering calculation unit 67 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the estimation process control unit 68 determines whether or not the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is larger than the threshold value in step S102. If the estimation process control unit 68 determines in step S102 that the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is larger than the threshold (Yes), the process proceeds to step S106.
- the change amount of the environment-induced load load component (RL_env) is determined as step S104. It is determined whether it is larger than the threshold value.
- the change amount of the environment-induced load load component (RL_env) is the change amount per predetermined time (for example, unit time) of the environment-induced load load component (RL_env). Note that the threshold value in step S102 and the threshold value in step S104 are different values. If the estimation process control unit 68 determines in step S104 that the amount of change in the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is larger than the threshold (Yes), the process proceeds to step S106. If the estimation process control unit 68 determines in step S104 that the change amount of the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is not larger than the threshold (No), the estimation process control unit 68 ends this process.
- the estimation process control part 68 stops estimation of the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 as step S106, when it determines Yes in step S102 or Yes in step S104.
- the estimation process control unit 68 ends this process.
- the estimation process control unit 68 performs the process of FIG. 18 to determine the vehicle weight when the environment-induced road load component is larger than the threshold value or when the change amount of the environment-induced road load component is larger than the threshold value.
- the estimation of M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 is stopped. That is, the estimation process control unit 68 does not estimate the deceleration factor even when the traveling condition for estimating the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 is satisfied.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 can control the estimation of the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 based on the value of the environment-induced road load component that is likely to vary among the estimated values of the road load. Thereby, the estimation process control part 68 can make the precision of estimation of the vehicle weight M1 and the air resistance coefficient K1 high. Further, the estimation processing control unit 68 makes a determination based on the value of the environment-induced road load component, thereby controlling the estimation based on the road surface condition with higher accuracy than the estimated value of the road load or the total road load component. It can be performed.
- the estimation processing control unit 68 can remove the influence of the vehicle-derived road load component by performing control based on the value of the environment-derived road load component, and controls the road load component caused by a variable factor. Can be performed with high accuracy. Note that the control of the estimation of the deceleration factor based on the environment-induced load / load component is not limited to this.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 of the above embodiment can calculate the deceleration factor with higher accuracy by calculating all three deceleration factors of the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load by estimation.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 is not limited to calculating all three deceleration factors of the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load by estimation.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may estimate only two of the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load. If not estimated, a fixed value or a design value set in advance may be used.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can estimate the deceleration factor with higher accuracy by switching whether to estimate either the air resistance coefficient or the road load depending on the traveling state.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 determines whether or not to estimate each deceleration factor with reference to acceleration and speed as the running state, but the determination criterion for whether or not to estimate each deceleration factor is It is not limited.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may determine whether or not to estimate each deceleration factor on the basis of only one of acceleration and speed as the running state.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may determine whether or not to provide driving assistance based on the driving force as the running state.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 switches whether to execute vehicle weight estimation or road load estimation based on one threshold value (acceleration), and uses one threshold value (acceleration) as a reference. As described above, whether the estimation of the air resistance coefficient or the estimation of the load / load is performed is switched, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may use separate thresholds for determining whether to perform vehicle weight estimation and for determining whether to perform road load estimation. In addition, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may use different threshold values for the threshold for determining whether to perform estimation of the air resistance coefficient and the threshold for determining whether to perform estimation of load / load.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 may estimate both the vehicle weight and the road load for some accelerations, or may not estimate either the vehicle weight or the road load.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may estimate both the air resistance coefficient and the load load at some speeds, or may not estimate either the air resistance coefficient or the load load.
- each of the deceleration factor estimation devices 1 can reduce one of the three deceleration factors of the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load according to the traveling state as in the present embodiment. Although it is preferable to switch whether or not to perform factor estimation, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 may always estimate some deceleration factors among the vehicle weight, the air resistance coefficient, and the road load regardless of the traveling state. In this case, when one deceleration factor is estimated, the previous value is used as the other deceleration factor, and the two operations are executed separately.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the driving support control unit.
- the driving support control unit 53 includes a short system support unit 81, a short system learning unit 82, a middle system support unit 83, a middle system learning unit 84, a long system support unit 85, and a long system support unit 85.
- the system learning unit 86, the vehicle control unit 87, and the support processing control unit 88 are included.
- the short system support unit 81 performs driving support that is executed in a short-distance travel. For example, the short system support unit 81 supports driving when stopping the vehicle at a stop position such as an intersection or a stop line.
- the short system support unit 81 displays the accelerator OFF timing and the brake ON timing on the HMI device 4 to assist the driver in driving.
- the short system support unit 81 also detects the ON / OFF timing of the engine 5, the ON / OFF timing of the MG 6, and the like, and controls the operation of the engine 5 and the MG 6.
- the short system support unit 81 calculates the acceleration (deceleration) Gx of the vehicle using the deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1 and the traveling condition, and performs driving support.
- the short system support unit 81 of this example estimates the deceleration Gx when the accelerator is OFF, using the estimated value of the deceleration factor.
- the three parameters can be expressed by the following equation (10).
- Short system support unit 81 by using the above relationship, detect a V now, be determined V target, by using an estimated value Gx, it is possible to calculate the L target, it recommended accelerator OFF The timing for performing the display can be determined.
- the short system learning unit 82 learns information necessary for driving support executed in a short-distance driving. For example, the short learning unit 82 learns information on the deceleration stop position necessary for executing driving support for stopping at the stop position.
- the middle system support unit 83 performs driving support that is executed in a medium-distance travel.
- the middle system support unit 83 supports, for example, driving that estimates the SOC during travel and maintains the SOC within an appropriate range.
- the middle system support unit 83 detects a gradient of a route to be traveled from now on in order to maintain the SOC within an appropriate range, travels using the engine 5 as a drive source, travels using the MG6 as a drive source, MG6 Regeneration is performed at, an interval for recovering the SOC is estimated, and engine 5 traveling and MG 6 traveling are switched based on the estimation.
- the middle system support unit 83 performs driving support using, for example, information on a deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1, a traveling condition, and a traveling route.
- a deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1 a traveling condition
- a traveling route a traveling route.
- the middle system support unit 83 calculates the estimated SOC change amount when traveling on the travel route using the above equation 11, and switches the engine 5 travel and MG6 travel based on the calculation result, so that the SOC is appropriately set. It is possible to support driving to maintain the range.
- the middle system learning unit 84 learns information necessary for driving support that is executed at a medium distance. For example, the middle learning unit 84 learns information on the gradient of the travel route necessary for executing driving support based on the estimation result of the SOC.
- the long system support unit 85 executes driving support that is executed over long distances.
- the long system support unit 85 estimates power necessary for traveling in each section, and supports driving that can efficiently output power necessary for traveling (traveling power).
- the long system support unit 85 detects the traveling power necessary for traveling in each section, estimates a section that travels using the engine 5 as a driving source, a section that travels using the MG 6 as a driving source, and the like. Switching between engine 5 running and MG6 running.
- the long system support unit 85 supports, for example, driving that efficiently consumes the power stored at the arrival point at the destination.
- the long system support unit 85 performs driving support using the vehicle weight M (M1) estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1, for example.
- M1 vehicle weight estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1
- the power estimate value of section n is power (n)
- the power storage value of section n is power rec (n)
- the vehicle weight at the time of power storage is M 0
- these parameters are the estimated vehicle Using the weight M, it can be expressed by the following formula 12.
- the long system support unit 85 calculates the estimated value of the traveling power when traveling in each section using the above equation 12, and switches between the engine 5 traveling and the MG6 traveling based on the calculation result, thereby Power can be used efficiently.
- the long learning unit 86 learns information necessary for driving support executed in long-distance driving. Long-based learning unit 86, for example, to learn the vehicle weight M 0 at power stored value and the power storage described above needed to perform the driving assistance based on the estimation result of the running power of each section.
- the vehicle control unit 87 controls the operation of each unit including the drive units such as the engine 5 and the MG 6 based on the support conditions determined by the short system support unit 81, the middle system support unit 83, the long system support unit 85, and the like.
- the support process control unit 88 controls the processing of each part of the driving support control unit 53.
- the support processing control unit 88 determines whether or not the short system support unit 81, the middle system support unit 83, and the long system support unit 85 perform the support, and executes various types of support based on the determination.
- the support processing control unit 88 can cause the short system support unit 81, the middle system support unit 83, and the long system support unit 85 to simultaneously execute a plurality of driving supports.
- the support processing control unit 88 determines whether or not the short system learning unit 82, the middle system learning unit 84, and the long system learning unit 86 perform learning, and performs various types of learning based on the determination.
- the support processing control unit 88 can cause the short learning unit 82, the middle learning unit 84, and the long learning unit 86 to simultaneously execute a plurality of learnings.
- the driving support device 70 performs driving support using the deceleration factor estimated by the deceleration factor estimation device 1 by the short system support unit 81, the middle system support unit 83, and the long system support unit 85 of the drive support control unit 53.
- Driving can be favorably supported.
- the driving assistance device 70 can further improve the accuracy of driving assistance by performing driving assistance using a deceleration factor detected with high accuracy.
- the driving support device 70 performs driving support and learning control by the support processing control unit 88 based on the environmental factor load load extracted by the environmental causal factor RL calculation unit 67 of the deceleration factor estimation device 1.
- the accuracy of driving support can be increased.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing an example of control by the ECU. A part of the process shown in FIG. 20 is the same as the process executed by the estimation process control unit 68 shown in FIG. Similar steps are denoted by similar step numbers, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the support process control unit 88 determines whether or not the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is larger than the threshold value in step S102. If the support process control unit 88 determines in step S102 that the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is larger than the threshold (Yes), the process proceeds to step S110.
- step S104 the change amount of the environment-induced load load component (RL_env) is determined in step S104. It is determined whether it is larger than the threshold value. If the support process control unit 88 determines in step S104 that the amount of change in RL_env is greater than the threshold (Yes), the process proceeds to step S110. If the support process control unit 88 determines in step S104 that the amount of change in the environment-induced load / load component (RL_env) is not greater than the threshold (No), the process ends.
- step S110 If the support processing control unit 88 determines Yes in step S102 or Yes in step S104, it stops learning driving support as step S110 and stops driving support control as step S112.
- step S112 When the support process control unit 88 executes the process of step S112, the process ends. Stopping driving support learning is to stop learning performed by the short learning unit 82, the middle learning unit 84, and the long learning unit 86. Stopping driving support control means stopping driving support executed by the short system support unit 81, the middle system support unit 83, and the long system support unit 85.
- the assistance process control unit 88 performs the process of FIG. 20, so that when the environment-induced road load component is larger than the threshold value, or when the change amount of the environment-induced road load component is larger than the threshold value, driving assistance is performed. Stop learning and driving assistance itself.
- the assistance processing control unit 88 determines whether or not to perform the learning of driving assistance and the driving assistance itself based on the value of the environment-induced road load component that is likely to vary among the estimated values of the road load. Can do. Moreover, the assistance process control part 88 can perform control more suitable for a driving
- the assistance processing control unit 88 executes the driving assistance with low accuracy by stopping the driving assistance. It can be suppressed. Thereby, the reliability of driving assistance can be increased.
- the assistance processing control unit 88 stops learning of driving assistance, thereby reducing the accuracy.
- learning of the result of traveling in an environment different from the normal state can be suppressed.
- the short learning unit 82 can reduce the possibility of learning deceleration stop executed in a state different from the normal state.
- the middle system learning unit 84 can reduce the possibility of learning the gradient of the road surface executed in a state different from the normal state.
- the long learning unit 86 can reduce the possibility of learning the traveling power that has traveled in a state different from the normal state. Thereby, the reliability of driving assistance can be made high.
- the driving assistance device 1 stops the learning of driving assistance and the execution of driving assistance itself when the vehicle behavior stabilization control is operating.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an example of control by the ECU.
- the processing when the vehicle behavior stabilization control is in operation will be described with reference to FIG.
- Assistance control unit 88 determines whether vehicle behavior stabilization control is in operation as step S122.
- the assistance process control unit 88 can detect whether the vehicle behavior stability control (VCS, ABS, TRC, etc.) is in operation by acquiring the detection result of the vehicle behavior stability control detection unit 54.
- VCS vehicle behavior stability control
- the assistance processing control unit 88 stops driving assistance learning as step S110, and stops driving assistance control as step S112.
- the support process control unit 88 executes the process of step S112, the process ends. If it is determined in step S122 that the vehicle behavior stability control is not in operation (No), that is, the vehicle behavior stabilization control is not executed, the assistance processing control unit 88 ends this processing.
- the driving support device 70 stops the driving support learning and the execution of the driving support itself, so that the vehicle behavior stabilization control is in operation. It is possible to suppress learning of driving assistance and execution of driving assistance itself when the vehicle is traveling under conditions where the accuracy of estimation of the deceleration factor is low and different from the normal state. Thereby, the driving assistance apparatus 70 can make the precision of driving assistance high similarly to the control of FIG.
- the driving support device 70 can maintain the learning of the driving support and the stop of the execution of the driving support itself until the threshold time elapses. preferable. Thereby, after the vehicle behavior stabilization control is detected, while the unstable vehicle behavior may continue, the learning of the driving assistance and the stop of the execution of the driving assistance itself can be maintained. Thereby, the driving assistance device 70 can increase the accuracy of the driving assistance.
- the driving support device 70 may change the determination criterion into time and set the distance. That is, when it is determined that the vehicle behavior stabilization control is in operation, the driving support device 70 may maintain the learning of driving support and the stop of execution of the driving support itself until the vehicle travels a certain distance.
- the driving support device 70 stops both the driving support learning and the driving support itself when the predetermined conditions are satisfied in the processing shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, but only one of them may be used. Moreover, although the driving assistance apparatus 70 of this embodiment performed the case where the driving assistance of a short system, a middle system, and a long system was performed, it is not limited to this.
- the driving support device 70 may be configured to execute only one of the short system, the middle system, and the long system, or two driving assists.
- deceleration factor estimation device 1 and the driving support device 70 according to the above-described embodiment are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope described in the claims.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment may be configured by appropriately combining the components of the embodiments described above.
- the deceleration factor estimation device 1 of the present embodiment has been described as a case of estimating a deceleration factor of a vehicle 2 including an engine 5 and an MG (motor generator) 6, a so-called hybrid vehicle, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the deceleration factor estimation apparatus 1 can similarly perform estimation when the vehicle 2 that includes only the engine 5 as a power source, that is, the so-called conveyor vehicle, is not provided with the MG 6 as a power source. Further, the deceleration factor estimation device 1 does not include the engine 5 as a power source, and similarly estimates the deceleration factor of a vehicle 2 that includes only the MG (motor generator) 2 as a power source, that is, a so-called electric vehicle. It can be carried out.
- the driving support device 70 of the present embodiment can support driving of a vehicle including various power sources with which the deceleration factor estimation device 1 can estimate the deceleration factor.
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Abstract
Description
2 車両
3 車両制御システム
4 HMI装置(支援装置)
5 エンジン(内燃機関)
6 モータジェネレータ、MG(電動機)
7 変速機
8 ブレーキ装置
9 バッテリ
10 車速センサ
11 加速度センサ
12 ヨーレートセンサ
13 アクセルセンサ
14 ブレーキセンサ
15 GPS装置
16 無線通信装置
17 データベース
50 ECU
51 車両特性演算部
52 記憶部
53 運転支援制御部
54 車両挙動安定制御検出部
56 CAN
60 車速演算部
61 加速度演算部
62 駆動力演算部
63 車重演算部
64 空気抵抗演算部
65 ロードロード演算部
66 車重異常判定部
67 フィルタリング演算部
68 推定処理制御部
70 運転支援装置
81 ショート系支援部
82 ショート系学習部
83 ミドル系支援部
84 ミドル系学習部
85 ロング系支援部
86 ロング系学習部
87 車両制御部
88 支援処理制御部
Claims (11)
- 車両の減速因子を推定する減速因子推定装置であって、
ロードロード推定値を算出するロードロード演算部と、
前記ロードロード推定値の所定周波数成分を抽出するフィルリング処理を行うフィルタリング演算部を備えることを特徴とする減速因子推定装置。 - 前記フィルタリング演算部は、前記ロードロード推定値を第1時定数でフィルタリング処理することで総ロードロード成分を抽出し、
前記ロードロード推定値を前記第1時定数よりも周期が長い第2時定数でフィルタリング処理することで車両起因ロードロード成分を抽出し、
前記総ロードロード成分から前記車両起因ロードロード成分を減算して環境起因ロードロード成分を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の減速因子推定装置。 - 前記ロードロード演算部及び前記フィルタリング演算部を含む減速因子推定部と、
前記車両の駆動力を取得する駆動力取得部と、
前記車両の車速を取得する車速取得部と、
前記車両の加速度を取得する加速度取得部と、を有し、
前記減速因子推定部は、取得された駆動力と速度と加速度との関係に基づいて、前記ロードロード推定値を含む複数の減速因子を推定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の減速因子推定装置。 - 前記減速因子は、空気抵抗係数及び車両重量の少なくとも一方を含み、
前記減速因子推定部は、前記環境起因ロードロード成分がしきい値以上である場合、空気抵抗係数及び車両重量の少なくとも一方の推定を停止することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の減速因子推定装置。 - 前記減速因子は、空気抵抗係数及び車両重量の少なくとも一方を含み、
前記減速因子推定部は、前記環境起因ロードロード成分の変化量がしきい値以上である場合、空気抵抗係数及び車両重量の少なくとも一方の推定を停止することを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の減速因子推定装置。 - 前記減速因子推定部は、前記車速及び前記加速度に基づいて、推定する1つの減速因子を決定することを特徴とする請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載の減速因子推定装置。
- 前記減速因子推定部は、運動方程式を用いて減速因子と駆動力と速度と加速度との関係を解析し、前記減速因子を推定することを特徴とする請求項3から6のいずれか一項に記載の減速因子推定装置。
- 請求項2から7のいずれか一項に記載の減速因子推定装置と、
前記減速因子推定装置で推定された減速因子を用いて、運転支援を実行する運転支援制御部と、を有することを特徴とする運転支援装置。 - 前記運転支援制御部は、前記環境起因ロードロード成分がしきい値以上である場合、運転支援を停止することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の運転支援装置。
- 前記運転支援制御部は、前記環境起因ロードロード成分の変化量がしきい値以上である場合、運転支援を停止することを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載の運転支援装置。
- 車両挙動安定制御の作動を検出する車両挙動安定制御検出部をさらに有し、
前記運転支援制御部は、前記車両挙動安定制御検出で車両挙動安定制御が作動していることが検出された場合、運転支援を停止することを特徴とする請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の運転支援装置。
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US14/376,288 US9205843B2 (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2012-02-03 | Deceleration factor estimating device and drive assisting device |
CN201280068564.8A CN104080683B (zh) | 2012-02-03 | 2012-02-03 | 减速因素推定装置以及驾驶辅助装置 |
PCT/JP2012/052556 WO2013114624A1 (ja) | 2012-02-03 | 2012-02-03 | 減速因子推定装置及び運転支援装置 |
DE112012005806.2T DE112012005806B4 (de) | 2012-02-03 | 2012-02-03 | Verzögerungsfaktorschätzvorrichtung und Fahrunterstützungsvorrichtung |
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US20150006052A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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CN104080683A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
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