WO2013105530A1 - 銀ナノ粒子の製造方法及び銀ナノ粒子、並びに銀塗料組成物 - Google Patents
銀ナノ粒子の製造方法及び銀ナノ粒子、並びに銀塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
- C09D7/67—Particle size smaller than 100 nm
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- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
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- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/097—Inks comprising nanoparticles and specially adapted for being sintered at low temperature
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
- B22F2007/047—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method non-pressurised baking of the paste or slurry containing metal powder
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
- B22F2301/255—Silver or gold
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing silver nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles. Moreover, this invention relates to the silver coating composition containing the said silver nanoparticle. Furthermore, this invention is applied also to the manufacturing method of metal nanoparticle containing metals other than silver, and this metal nanoparticle.
- Silver nanoparticles can be sintered even at low temperatures. Utilizing this property, in the manufacture of various electronic devices, a silver coating composition containing silver nanoparticles is used to form electrodes and conductive circuit patterns on a substrate. Silver nanoparticles are usually dispersed in an organic solvent. Silver nanoparticles have an average primary particle size of about several nanometers to several tens of nanometers, and the surface thereof is usually coated with an organic stabilizer (protective agent). When the substrate is a plastic film or sheet, it is necessary to sinter the silver nanoparticles at a low temperature (for example, 200 ° C. or less) lower than the heat resistance temperature of the plastic substrate.
- a low temperature for example, 200 ° C. or less
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-265543 discloses a silver compound that decomposes by heating to produce metallic silver, a medium / short chain alkylamine having a boiling point of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C., and a medium / short chain alkyl diamine having a boiling point of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C.
- a method for producing coated silver ultrafine particles comprising a first step of preparing a complex compound containing a silver compound, the alkylamine and the alkyldiamine, and a second step of thermally decomposing the complex compound is disclosed. (Claim 3, paragraphs [0061] and [0062]).
- Silver nanoparticles have an average primary particle diameter of about several nanometers to several tens of nanometers, and are more likely to aggregate than micron ( ⁇ m) size particles. Therefore, the reduction reaction of the silver compound (thermal decomposition reaction in the above patent document) is organic so that the surface of the obtained silver nanoparticles is coated with an organic stabilizer (protective agent such as aliphatic amine or aliphatic carboxylic acid). It is carried out in the presence of a stabilizer.
- an organic stabilizer protecting agent such as aliphatic amine or aliphatic carboxylic acid
- the silver nanoparticles are a silver coating composition (silver ink, silver paste) containing the particles in an organic solvent.
- the organic stabilizer In order to develop conductivity, it is necessary to remove the organic stabilizer covering the silver nanoparticles and sinter the silver particles at the time of firing after application on the substrate. If the firing temperature is low, the organic stabilizer is difficult to remove. If the degree of sintering of the silver particles is not sufficient, a low resistance value cannot be obtained. That is, the organic stabilizer present on the surface of the silver nanoparticles contributes to the stabilization of the silver nanoparticles, but prevents the silver nanoparticles from being sintered (particularly, sintering at low temperature firing).
- an aliphatic amine compound and / or an aliphatic carboxylic acid compound having a relatively long chain for example, having 8 or more carbon atoms
- the distance between the individual silver nanoparticles is easily secured. Nanoparticles are easy to stabilize.
- long-chain aliphatic amine compounds and / or aliphatic carboxylic acid compounds are difficult to remove if the firing temperature is low.
- an oleylamine having 18 carbon atoms and a saturated aliphatic amine having 1 to 18 carbon atoms are used in combination as the aliphatic amine compound.
- oleylamine is used as the main component of the protective agent, sintering of silver nanoparticles during low-temperature firing is hindered.
- the reaction rate of the complex compound formation reaction between oleylamine and silver oxalate is not sufficient.
- a medium / short chain alkylamine having a boiling point of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C. (paragraph [0061]) and a medium / short chain having a boiling point of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C.
- An alkyldiamine (paragraph [0062]) is used in combination. According to this method, problems caused by using oleylamine as the main component of the protective agent are improved. However, further improvement of the production process of silver nanoparticles and improvement of the performance of silver nanoparticles produced (expression of a low resistance value at low temperature firing) are desired.
- an object of the present invention is a silver nanoparticle that exhibits excellent stability and exhibits excellent conductivity (low resistance value) by low-temperature baking, and in particular, low-temperature baking of a silver fired film having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more, for example. It is in providing the silver nanoparticle which electroconductivity (low resistance value) expresses, and its manufacturing method, even when formed by. Moreover, the objective of this invention is providing the silver coating composition containing the said silver nanoparticle.
- the present inventors have studied an aliphatic amine compound that functions as a complexing agent and / or a protective agent, and is excellent in stability, at a low temperature of 200 ° C. or lower (eg, 150 ° C. or lower, preferably 120 ° C. or lower) and for 2 hours. Excellent conductivity (low resistance value) is exhibited even when a relatively thick silver film of, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more is formed by firing in a short time (for example, 1 hour or less, preferably 30 minutes or less). We have found a method for obtaining silver nanoparticles.
- the present invention includes the following inventions.
- a method for producing silver nanoparticles An aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and one amino group, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon group has a total carbon number of 6 or more;
- a silver compound and the amine mixture are mixed to produce a complex compound containing the silver compound and the amine,
- the complex compound is heated and thermally decomposed to form silver nanoparticles.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) is contained in the amine mixed solution in an amount of 10 mol% to 65 mol% based on the total of the monoamine (A), the monoamine (B), and the diamine (C).
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) is contained in the amine mixed solution in an amount of 5 mol% to 50 mol% based on the total of the monoamine (A), the monoamine (B) and the diamine (C).
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) is contained in the amine mixed solution in an amount of 15 mol% to 50 mol% based on the total of the monoamine (A), the monoamine (B) and the diamine (C).
- Silver nanoparticles having a surface coated with a protective agent includes the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms. And coated silver nanoparticles comprising the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less.
- Silver nanoparticles having a surface coated with a protective agent includes the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms.
- a coated silver nanoparticle comprising the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less and the aliphatic carboxylic acid (D).
- a silver paint composition comprising silver nanoparticles produced by the method according to any one of (1) to (10) above and an organic solvent.
- the silver coating composition can take various forms without limitation. For example, a silver coating composition in which silver nanoparticles are dispersed in an organic solvent in a suspended state. Alternatively, a silver coating composition in which silver nanoparticles are dispersed in a kneaded state in an organic solvent.
- a silver conductive layer obtained by applying and baking a silver coating composition containing silver nanoparticles and an organic solvent produced by the method according to any one of (1) to (10) on the substrate
- Silver conductive material containing The calcination is performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or less, for example 150 ° C. or less, preferably 120 ° C. or less, for 2 hours or less, for example 1 hour or less, preferably 30 minutes or less.
- a silver coating composition containing silver nanoparticles produced by the method according to any one of (1) to (10) above and an organic solvent is applied onto a substrate, and then fired.
- a method for producing a silver conductive material comprising forming a silver conductive layer. The calcination is performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or less, for example 150 ° C. or less, preferably 120 ° C. or less, for 2 hours or less, for example 1 hour or less, preferably 30 minutes or less.
- a method for producing metal nanoparticles An aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and one amino group, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon group has a total carbon number of 6 or more; An aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) comprising an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and one amino group, the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a total carbon number of 5 or less; Preparing an amine mixture containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and two amino groups, the total number of carbons of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group being 8 or less, A metal compound and the amine mixture are mixed to form a complex compound containing the metal compound and the amine, The complex compound is heated and thermally decomposed to form metal nanoparticles. The manufacturing method of the metal nanoparticle containing this.
- -Metal nanoparticles whose surface is coated with a protective agent, and the protective agent includes the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms. And coated metal nanoparticles comprising the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less.
- -Metal nanoparticles whose surface is coated with a protective agent, and the protective agent includes the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms.
- a metal coating composition containing the coated metal nanoparticles and an organic solvent can take various forms without limitation.
- a metal coating composition in which metal nanoparticles are dispersed in an organic solvent in a suspended state is a metal coating composition in which metal nanoparticles are dispersed in a kneaded state in an organic solvent.
- an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms, And an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less has a high coordination ability of silver compounds to silver, and is effective in promoting complex formation, and also has an effect of promoting thermal decomposition of the formed complex.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having a total carbon number of 5 or less has a shorter carbon chain length than the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having a total carbon number of 6 or more, it itself serves as a protective agent (stabilizer).
- the function is higher in polarity than the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A), and the coordination ability of the silver compound to silver is high.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms has a high function as a protective agent (stabilizer) for the surface of the silver particles to be produced.
- the surface portion of the silver particle to which the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) is not attached is an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms and an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms. ) Adheres and covers the surface.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) and the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) are considered to have a low function as a protective agent by themselves, they cover a part of the surface of silver particles, and It is thought that there exists a role which assists the protective agent function of an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A). Therefore, appropriate stabilization of the silver nanoparticles can be obtained with a smaller amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms on the surface of the silver particles.
- the complex compound generation step can be performed efficiently, and the production of stabilized silver nanoparticles can be performed efficiently.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms have a short carbon chain length, they are 200 ° C. or less, for example, 150 ° C. or less, preferably 120 ° C. In the case of firing at the following low temperature, it is easily removed from the surface of the silver particles in a short time of 2 hours or less, for example 1 hour or less, preferably 30 minutes or less. Further, due to the presence of the monoamine (B) and the diamine (C), the amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms on the surface of the silver particles can be reduced. Accordingly, even in the case of firing at the low temperature, these aliphatic amine compounds are easily removed from the surface of the silver particles in the short time, and the sintering of the silver particles proceeds sufficiently.
- the stability is excellent, a low temperature of 200 ° C. or less, such as 150 ° C. or less, preferably 120 ° C. or less, and 2 hours or less, such as 1 hour or less, preferably 30 minutes or less.
- the silver nanoparticles that exhibit excellent conductivity (low resistance value) even when a silver film having a relatively thick film of, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more is formed by firing at, and a method for producing the same.
- the silver coating composition which contains the said silver nanoparticle in the organic solvent in the stable dispersion state is provided.
- a conductive film and conductive wiring can be formed on various plastic substrates having low heat resistance such as PET and polypropylene.
- FIG. 2 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph of the silver nanoparticles obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph of the silver nanoparticles obtained in Example 1.
- an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) comprising an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and one amino group, and the total number of carbons of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is 6 or more;
- An aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and one amino group, the total number of carbons of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group being 5 or less, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and two amino groups,
- an amine mixture containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total number of carbon atoms of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 8 or less.
- the method for producing silver nanoparticles of the present invention mainly includes an amine mixed solution preparation step, a complex compound generation step, and a complex compound thermal decomposition step.
- the term “nanoparticles” means that the size of primary particles (average primary particle diameter) is less than 1000 nm.
- the particle size is intended to exclude the protective agent (stabilizer) present (coated) on the surface (that is, the size of silver itself).
- the silver nanoparticles have an average primary particle diameter of, for example, 0.5 nm to 100 nm, preferably 0.5 nm to 50 nm, more preferably 0.5 nm to 25 nm, and still more preferably 0.5 nm to 10 nm. Yes.
- the silver compound a silver compound that is easily decomposed by heating to form metallic silver.
- examples of such silver compounds include silver formate, silver acetate, silver oxalate, silver malonate, silver benzoate, and silver phthalate; silver fluoride, silver chloride, silver bromide, silver iodide, etc.
- silver halides such as sulfate, silver nitrate, silver carbonate and the like can be used
- silver oxalate is preferably used from the viewpoint that metal silver is easily generated by decomposition and impurities other than silver are hardly generated.
- Silver oxalate is advantageous in that it has a high silver content and does not require a reducing agent, so that metallic silver can be obtained as it is by thermal decomposition, and impurities derived from the reducing agent do not easily remain.
- a metal compound that is easily decomposed by heating to produce a target metal is used instead of the silver compound.
- a metal salt corresponding to the above silver compound for example, a metal carboxylate; a metal halide; a metal salt compound such as a metal sulfate, a metal nitrate, or a metal carbonate is used. be able to.
- metal oxalate is preferably used from the viewpoint of easily generating metal by decomposition and hardly generating impurities other than metal.
- other metals include Al, Au, Pt, Pd, Cu, Co, Cr, In, and Ni.
- the above silver compound and a metal compound other than the above silver may be used in combination.
- other metals include Al, Au, Pt, Pd, Cu, Co, Cr, In, and Ni.
- the silver composite is composed of silver and one or more other metals, and examples thereof include Au—Ag, Ag—Cu, Au—Ag—Cu, and Au—Ag—Pd. Based on the total metal, silver accounts for at least 20% by weight, usually 50% by weight, for example 80% by weight.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine compounds functioning as a complexing agent and / or a protective agent
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms and the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine having 5 or less carbon atoms are used.
- (B) and the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms are used.
- an “aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine” is a compound composed of 1 to 3 monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and one amino group.
- a “hydrocarbon group” is a group consisting only of carbon and hydrogen.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine (A) and the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine (B) do not contain hetero atoms (atoms other than carbon and hydrogen) such as oxygen atoms or nitrogen atoms in their hydrocarbon groups.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine means a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkylene group), two amino groups intervening the aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and, in some cases, hydrogen of the amino group. It is a compound comprising an aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkyl group) substituted with atoms.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon amine (C) does not contain hetero atoms (atoms other than carbon and hydrogen) such as oxygen atoms or nitrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon group.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having a total carbon number of 6 or more has a high function as a protective agent (stabilizer) on the surface of the silver particles to be generated by the hydrocarbon chain.
- the aliphatic monohydrocarbon amine (A) includes primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.
- primary amines include hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, undecylamine, dodecylamine, tridecylamine, tetradecylamine, pentadecylamine, hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines such as amines (that is, alkyl monoamines).
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine examples include branched aliphatic hydrocarbon amines such as isohexylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, and tert-octylamine, in addition to the above-mentioned linear aliphatic monoamine. Also included is cyclohexylamine. Furthermore, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines (namely, alkenyl monoamines) such as oleylamine can be mentioned.
- Secondary amines include N, N-dipropylamine, N, N-dibutylamine, N, N-dipentylamine, N, N-dihexylamine, N, N-dipeptylamine, N, N-dioctylamine, N , N-dinonylamine, N, N-didecylamine, N, N-diundecylamine, N, N-didodecylamine, N-methyl-N-propylamine, N-ethyl-N-propylamine, N-propyl-N -Dialkyl monoamines such as butylamine.
- Examples of the tertiary amine include tributylamine and trihexylamine.
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines having 6 or more carbon atoms are preferred.
- the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms is not particularly defined, but saturated aliphatic monoamines having up to 18 carbon atoms are usually preferred in consideration of availability, ease of removal during firing, and the like.
- alkyl monoamines having 6 to 12 carbon atoms such as hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, undecylamine, and dodecylamine are preferably used.
- alkyl monoamines having 6 to 12 carbon atoms such as hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, undecylamine, and dodecylamine are preferably used.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines (A) only one type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having a total carbon number of 5 or less has a shorter carbon chain length than the aliphatic monoamine (A) having a total carbon number of 6 or more, it itself has a low function as a protective agent (stabilizer).
- the polarity is higher and the coordination ability of the silver compound to silver is higher, which is considered to be effective in promoting complex formation.
- the carbon chain length is short, it can be removed from the surface of the silver particles in a short time of 30 minutes or less or 20 minutes or less even in low-temperature firing of 120 ° C. or less, or about 100 ° C. or less. Effective for low-temperature firing of silver nanoparticles.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) include ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, pentylamine, isopentylamine, tert-pentylamine and the like.
- Examples thereof include saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines having 2 to 5 carbon atoms (that is, alkyl monoamines).
- dialkyl monoamines such as N, N-dimethylamine and N, N-diethylamine are also included.
- n-butylamine, isobutylamine, sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, pentylamine, isopentylamine, tert-pentylamine and the like are preferable, and the above butylamines are particularly preferable.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamines (B) only one type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having a total carbon number of 8 or less has high coordination ability to silver of silver compounds and is effective in promoting complex formation.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine generally has a higher polarity than the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine, and the coordination ability of silver compounds to silver is increased.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) has an effect of promoting thermal decomposition at a lower temperature and in a shorter time in the thermal decomposition step of the complex compound, and can produce silver nanoparticles more efficiently. .
- the protective film of the silver particle containing the said aliphatic diamine (C) has high polarity, the dispersion stability of the silver particle in the dispersion medium containing a highly polar solvent improves. Furthermore, since the aliphatic diamine (C) has a short carbon chain length, the surface of the silver particles can be obtained in a short time of 30 minutes or less or 20 minutes or less even when firing at a low temperature of 120 ° C. or less, or about 100 ° C. or less. Therefore, it is effective for low-temperature and short-time firing of the obtained silver nanoparticles.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) is not particularly limited, but includes ethylenediamine, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N′-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N-diethylethylenediamine, N, N′-diethylethylenediamine, 1 , 3-propanediamine, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N′-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N— Diethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N′-diethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, N, N-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, N, N′-dimethyl- 1,4-butanediamine, N, N-diethyl-1,4-butanediamine, N, N′-diethyl-1,4-butanediamine 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,5-d
- alkylene diamines having a total carbon number of 8 or less, in which at least one of the two amino groups is a primary amino group or a secondary amino group, and the ability of the silver compound to coordinate to silver is high, Effective in promoting complex formation.
- one of the two amino groups is a primary amino group
- An alkylenediamine having a total carbon number of 8 or less, wherein —NH 2 ) and the other one is a tertiary amino group (—NR 1 R 2 ) is preferred.
- a preferred alkylenediamine is represented by the following structural formula.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group, provided that the total number of carbon atoms of R, R 1 and R 2 is 8 It is as follows.
- the alkylene group does not contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
- the alkyl group does not contain a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
- one of the two amino groups is a primary amino group
- the ability of the silver compound to coordinate to silver is increased, which is advantageous for complex formation
- the other is a tertiary amino group. Since the tertiary amino group has poor coordination ability to silver atoms, the complex formed is prevented from having a complex network structure.
- a high temperature may be required for the thermal decomposition process of the complex.
- a diamine having a total carbon number of 6 or less is preferable, and a diamine having a total carbon number of 5 or less is more preferable from the viewpoint that it can be removed from the surface of the silver particles in a short time even in low-temperature firing.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) only one type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms the aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms.
- the use ratio is not particularly limited, but based on the total [(A) + (B) + (C)] of the monoamine (A), the monoamine (B) and the diamine (C) in the amine mixture,
- the function of protecting and stabilizing the surface of the silver particles produced can be easily obtained by the carbon chain of the component (A).
- the protective stabilizing function may be weakly expressed.
- the protective stabilization function is sufficient, but the component (A) is difficult to be removed by low-temperature firing.
- about the minimum of content of the said (A) component, 10 mol% or more is preferable and 20 mol% or more is more preferable.
- about the upper limit of content of the said (A) component, 65 mol% or less is preferable and 60 mol% or less is more preferable.
- the content of the aliphatic monoamine (B) By setting the content of the aliphatic monoamine (B) to 5 mol% to 50 mol%, a complex formation promoting effect can be easily obtained, and it itself can contribute to low temperature and short time baking. In this case, the effect of assisting the removal of the aliphatic diamine (C) from the surface of the silver particles is easily obtained. If the content of the component (B) is less than 5 mol%, the effect of promoting complex formation may be weak, or the component (C) may be difficult to remove from the surface of the silver particles during firing. On the other hand, if the content of the component (B) exceeds 50 mol%, a complex formation promoting effect can be obtained, but the content of the aliphatic monoamine (A) is relatively decreased, and silver particles are produced.
- the aliphatic diamine (C) By setting the content of the aliphatic diamine (C) to 15 mol% to 50 mol%, it is easy to obtain a complex formation promoting effect and a thermal decomposition promoting effect of the complex, and the aliphatic diamine (C) is contained. Since the protective film of silver particles has a high polarity, the dispersion stability of silver particles in a dispersion medium containing a highly polar solvent is improved. When the content of the component (C) is less than 15 mol%, the complex formation promoting effect and the thermal decomposition promoting effect of the complex may be weak.
- the content of the component (C) exceeds 50 mol%, the complex formation promoting effect and the thermal decomposition promoting effect of the complex are obtained, but the content of the aliphatic monoamine (A) is relatively reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve protection and stabilization of the surface of the silver particles to be produced.
- About the minimum of content of the said (C) component 15 mol% or more is preferable and 20 mol% or more is more preferable.
- About the upper limit of content of the said (C) component 45 mol% or less is preferable and 40 mol% or less is more preferable.
- the total number of carbons is 6 or more depending on the use ratio thereof.
- the adhesion amount of the aliphatic monoamine (A) on the silver particle surface is small. Therefore, even in the case of firing at a low temperature for a short time, these aliphatic amine compounds are easily removed from the surface of the silver particles, and the silver particles are sufficiently sintered.
- the total amount of the monoamine (A), the monoamine (B), and the diamine (C) is not particularly limited, but the amine component is contained in 1 mol of silver atoms of the silver compound as a raw material.
- the total [(A) + (B) + (C)] is preferably about 1 to 20 mol. If the total amount of the amine components [(A) + (B) + (C)] is less than 1 mol per 1 mol of the silver atom, it is not converted into a complex compound in the complex compound formation step. There is a possibility that the silver compound remains, and in the subsequent pyrolysis step, the uniformity of the silver particles may be impaired, the particles may be enlarged, or the silver compound may remain without being thermally decomposed.
- the total amount of the amine components [(A) + (B) + (C)] exceeds about 20 mol with respect to 1 mol of the silver atom, it is considered that there is not much merit.
- the total [(A) + (B) + (C)] of the amine components is preferably about 2 mol or more, for example.
- the complex compound formation step and the thermal decomposition step can be performed satisfactorily.
- About the minimum of the total quantity of the said amine component, 2 mol% or more is preferable with respect to 1 mol of silver atoms of the said silver compound, and 6 mol% or more is more preferable.
- an aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) may be further used as a stabilizer.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) can be used by being included in the amine mixed solution.
- aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid is used.
- aliphatic carboxylic acid a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid is used.
- saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 4 or more carbon atoms such as icosanoic acid and eicosenoic acid
- unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 or more carbon atoms such as oleic acid
- saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 18 carbon atoms are preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms By setting the number of carbon atoms to 8 or more, when the carboxylic acid group is adsorbed on the surface of the silver particle, a space between the silver particle and other silver particles can be secured, so that the effect of preventing aggregation of the silver particles is improved.
- saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid compounds having up to 18 carbon atoms are usually preferred.
- octanoic acid, oleic acid and the like are preferably used.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acids (D) only one type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) When the aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) is used, it may be used in an amount of, for example, about 0.05 to 10 mol, preferably 0.1 to 5 mol, relative to 1 mol of silver atoms in the starting silver compound. More preferably 0.5 to 2 mol is used.
- the amount of the component (D) When the amount of the component (D) is less than 0.05 mol with respect to 1 mol of the silver atom, the effect of improving the stability in the dispersed state by the addition of the component (D) is weak.
- the amount of the component (D) reaches 10 mol, the effect of improving the stability in a dispersed state is saturated, and the component (D) is hardly removed by low-temperature firing.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) may not be used.
- an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms, To prepare an amine mixture containing [a step of preparing an amine mixture].
- the amine mixed solution can be prepared by stirring each amine (A), (B) and (C) component, and, if used, the carboxylic acid (D) component at a predetermined ratio at room temperature.
- a silver compound and an amine mixed solution containing each of the amines (A), (B) and (C) are mixed to form a complex compound containing the silver compound and the amine [complex compound generation step ].
- a metal compound containing the target metal is used instead of the silver compound.
- Powdered silver compound (or metal compound) and a predetermined amount of amine mixture are mixed.
- the mixing is preferably carried out while stirring at room temperature, or while appropriately cooling to room temperature or lower and stirring because the coordination reaction of amines to the silver compound (or metal compound) involves heat generation.
- An excess of amines serves as a reaction medium. Since the complex compound to be formed generally exhibits a color corresponding to its constituent components, the end point of the complex compound formation reaction can be detected by detecting the end of the color change of the reaction mixture by appropriate spectroscopy or the like. .
- the complex compound formed by silver oxalate is generally colorless (observed as white when visually observed), but even in such a case, the complex compound is formed on the basis of a change in form such as a change in viscosity of the reaction mixture. The generation state can be detected. In this way, a silver-amine complex (or metal-amine complex) is obtained in a medium mainly composed of amines.
- the obtained complex compound is heated and pyrolyzed to form silver nanoparticles [complex compound pyrolysis step].
- a metal compound containing a metal other than silver is used, target metal nanoparticles are formed.
- Silver nanoparticles (metal nanoparticles) are formed without using a reducing agent. However, if necessary, an appropriate reducing agent may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- amines control the manner in which atomic metals generated by the decomposition of metal compounds aggregate to form fine particles, and on the surface of the formed metal fine particles.
- a film By forming a film, it plays the role of preventing reaggregation between the fine particles. That is, by heating a complex compound of a metal compound and an amine, the metal compound is thermally decomposed while maintaining the coordinate bond of the amine to the metal atom to produce an atomic metal, and then the amine is coordinated. It is considered that the metal atoms are aggregated to form metal nanoparticles covered with an amine protective film.
- the thermal decomposition is preferably performed while stirring the complex compound in a reaction medium mainly composed of amines.
- the thermal decomposition is preferably performed within a temperature range in which the coated silver nanoparticles (or coated metal nanoparticles) are generated. From the viewpoint of preventing amine from being removed from the silver particle surface (or metal particle surface), the above temperature range is used. It is preferable to carry out at as low a temperature as possible.
- a complex compound of silver oxalate it can be set to, for example, about 80 ° C. to 120 ° C., preferably about 95 ° C. to 115 ° C., more specifically about 100 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- the thermal decomposition of the complex compound is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, but the thermal decomposition can also be performed in the air.
- the complex compound Due to thermal decomposition of the complex compound, it becomes a suspension exhibiting blue gloss. From this suspension, removal of excess amine, etc., for example, precipitation of silver nanoparticles (or metal nanoparticles), decantation / washing with an appropriate solvent (water or organic solvent), Thus, stable coated silver nanoparticles (or coated metal nanoparticles) can be obtained. If it dries after washing
- Use water or organic solvent for decantation and cleaning operations examples include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, tridecane, and tetradecane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, and mesitylene; methanol Alcohol solvents such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, etc .; acetonitrile; and mixed solvents thereof may be used.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, tridecane, and tetradecane
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, and mesitylene
- methanol Alcohol solvents such as ethanol, propanol, butano
- a silver coating composition can be prepared using the obtained silver nanoparticles.
- the silver coating composition can take various forms without limitation. For example, by dispersing silver nanoparticles in an appropriate organic solvent (dispersion medium) in a suspended state, a silver coating composition called a so-called silver ink can be produced. Alternatively, a silver coating composition called a so-called silver paste can be produced by dispersing silver nanoparticles in a state of being kneaded in an organic solvent.
- Examples of the organic solvent for obtaining the coating composition include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, tridecane, and tetradecane; aromatics such as toluene, xylene, and mesitylene Hydrocarbon solvents: alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol and the like.
- the kind and amount of the organic solvent may be appropriately determined according to the concentration and viscosity of the desired silver coating composition. The same applies to metal nanoparticles.
- the silver nanoparticle powder and silver coating composition obtained by the present invention are excellent in stability.
- silver nanoparticle powder is stable at room temperature storage for a period of one month or longer.
- the silver coating composition is stable without causing aggregation and fusion at room temperature for a period of one month or more, for example, at a silver concentration of 50 wt%.
- the protective agent includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms.
- the protective agent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (A) having 6 or more carbon atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon monoamine (B) having 5 or less carbon atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon diamine (C) having 8 or less carbon atoms, and Aliphatic carboxylic acid (D) is contained.
- Application is spin coating, inkjet printing, screen printing, dispenser printing, letterpress printing (flexographic printing), sublimation printing, offset printing, laser printer printing (toner printing), intaglio printing (gravure printing), contact printing, microcontact printing It can carry out by well-known methods, such as.
- a printing technique is used, a patterned silver coating composition layer is obtained, and a patterned silver conductive layer is obtained by firing.
- Calcination can be performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower, for example, room temperature (25 ° C.) or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, preferably room temperature (25 ° C.) or higher and 120 ° C. or lower.
- a temperature of 60 ° C. to 200 ° C. for example, 80 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 90 ° C. to 120 ° C. .
- the firing time may be appropriately determined in consideration of the amount of silver ink applied, the firing temperature, etc., for example, within several hours (eg, 3 hours or 2 hours), preferably within 1 hour, more preferably within 30 minutes, More preferably, it is 10 minutes to 20 minutes, more specifically 10 minutes to 15 minutes.
- the silver nanoparticles are configured as described above, the sintering of the silver particles sufficiently proceeds even by such a firing process at a low temperature and in a short time. As a result, excellent conductivity (low resistance value) is exhibited.
- a silver conductive layer having a low resistance value (for example, 15 ⁇ cm or less and in the range of 7 to 15 ⁇ cm) is formed.
- the resistance value of bulk silver is 1.6 ⁇ cm.
- the substrate can be a glass substrate, a heat resistant plastic substrate such as a polyimide film, or a polyester film such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film.
- a general-purpose plastic substrate having low heat resistance such as a polyolefin-based film such as polypropylene can also be suitably used.
- baking in a short time reduces the load on these general-purpose plastic substrates having low heat resistance, and improves production efficiency.
- the silver conductive material of the present invention includes an electromagnetic wave control material, a circuit board, an antenna, a heat sink, a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, a field emission display (FED), an IC card, an IC tag, a solar cell, an LED element, an organic transistor, and a capacitor.
- FED field emission display
- IC card an IC tag
- solar cell an LED element, an organic transistor, and a capacitor.
- Capacitor Capacitor
- electronic paper flexible battery, flexible sensor, membrane switch, touch panel, EMI shield, etc.
- the thickness of the silver conductive layer may be appropriately determined according to the intended use, and in particular, when the silver conductive layer having a relatively large thickness is formed by using the silver nanoparticles according to the present invention, high conductivity is obtained. Can show.
- the thickness of the silver conductive layer may be selected from the range of, for example, 5 nm to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 300 nm to 2 ⁇ m.
- the obtained silver fired film was measured using a four-terminal method (Loresta GP MCP-T610).
- the measuring range limit of this device is 10 7 ⁇ cm.
- N N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine (MW: 102.18): n-butylamine (MW: 73.14) manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .: reagent hexylamine (MW: 101.19) manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .: Reagent octylamine (MW: 129.25) manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Reagent oleic acid (MW: 282.47) manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Reagent silver oxalate (MW: 303.78) manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Reagent Methanol: Wako Pure Chemical Co., Ltd. reagent grade 1-Butanol: Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd. reagent octane: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Example 1 (Preparation of silver nanoparticles) In a 50 mL flask, 1.28 g (12.5 mmol) of N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 0.91 g (12.5 mmol) of n-butylamine, 3.24 g (32.0 mmol) of hexylamine, octylamine 0.39 g (3.0 mmol) and 0.09 g (0.33 mmol) of oleic acid were added and stirred at room temperature to prepare a uniform amine-carboxylic acid mixed solution.
- reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 105 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- the reaction with the generation of carbon dioxide started immediately after the start of stirring, and then the stirring was continued until the generation of carbon dioxide was completed.
- silver nanoparticles exhibiting a blue luster were suspended in the amine-carboxylic acid mixture. Suspension was obtained.
- the coating film was formed, it was immediately fired at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes in a blast drying furnace to form a silver fired film having a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m.
- the specific resistance value of the obtained silver fired film was measured by the 4-terminal method, it was 8.4 ⁇ cm.
- the silver nanoparticle dispersion was subjected to [1] evaluation of initial dispersibility and [2] evaluation of storage stability as follows. [1] The silver nanoparticle dispersion immediately after preparation was filtered with a 0.2 ⁇ m filter, and no filter clogging occurred. That is, the silver nanoparticle dispersion liquid maintained a good dispersion state. [2] The silver nanoparticle dispersion immediately after preparation was placed in a transparent glass sample bottle and sealed, and stored in the dark at 25 ° C. for 7 days. No silver mirror was observed. When the silver nanoparticle dispersion after storage was filtered with a 0.2 ⁇ m filter, the filter was not clogged. That is, the silver nanoparticle dispersion after storage maintained a good dispersion state.
- the viscous white substance obtained during the preparation of the silver nanoparticles is a combination of silver oxalate and alkylamine, and is based on the silver atoms of silver oxalate. It was speculated that this was a silver oxalate-amine complex in which the amino group of the alkylamine was coordinated.
- the DSC measurement conditions were as follows. Apparatus: DSC 6220-ASD2 (manufactured by SII Nanotechnology) Sample container: 15 ⁇ L gold-plated sealed cell (manufactured by SII Nanotechnology) Temperature increase rate: 10 ° C / min (room temperature to 600 ° C) Atmospheric gas: Atmospheric pressure in the cell Air confinement Outside the cell Nitrogen flow (50 mL / min)
- the white material with a viscous obtained during the preparation of the silver nanoparticles was subjected to IR spectrum measurement, absorption derived from the alkyl group of the alkyl amine (2900 cm around -1, around 1000 cm -1) was observed It was done. This also shows that the viscous white substance obtained during the preparation of the silver nanoparticles is formed by the combination of silver oxalate and alkylamine, and the silver oxalate has silver atoms. On the other hand, it was presumed to be a silver oxalate-amine complex in which the amino group was coordinated.
- FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph (x100,000 times magnification) of the silver nanoparticles obtained in Example 1. Spherical particles having a particle size of about 5 to 20 nm were observed.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- Example 2 In the preparation of silver nanoparticles, the composition of the amine-carboxylic acid mixed solution was changed to 1.28 g (12.5 mmol) of N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 0.91 g (12.5 mmol) of n-butylamine, Silver nanoparticles in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3.24 g (32.0 mmol) of hexylamine, 0.39 g (3.0 mmol) of octylamine, and 0.13 g (0.45 mmol) of oleic acid were used. A dispersion was prepared, and a coating film was formed and baked.
- the film thickness of the obtained silver fired film was about 1 ⁇ m, and the specific resistance value was 11.3 ⁇ cm.
- Example 3 In the preparation of silver nanoparticles, the composition of the amine-carboxylic acid mixed solution was changed to 1.53 g (15.0 mmol) of N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 0.73 g (10.0 mmol) of n-butylamine, Silver nanoparticles in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3.24 g (32.0 mmol) of hexylamine, 0.39 g (3.0 mmol) of octylamine, and 0.13 g (0.45 mmol) of oleic acid were used. A dispersion was prepared, and a coating film was formed and baked.
- the film thickness of the obtained silver fired film was about 1 ⁇ m, and the specific resistance value was 14.2 ⁇ cm.
- Example 4 In the preparation of silver nanoparticles, the composition of the amine-carboxylic acid mixed solution was changed to 1.02 g (10 mmol) of N, N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1.10 g (15.0 mmol) of n-butylamine, hexylamine. A silver nanoparticle dispersion liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 3.24 g (32.0 mmol), octylamine 0.39 g (3.0 mmol), and oleic acid 0.13 g (0.45 mmol). The coating film was formed and fired.
- the film thickness of the obtained silver fired film was about 1 ⁇ m, and the specific resistance value was 14.5 ⁇ cm.
- the silver nanoparticles according to the examples were formed by firing a relatively thick silver fired film having a thickness of, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more at a low temperature while having good dispersibility and storage stability in the dispersion. Even if it is a case, favorable electroconductivity can be provided to the said silver baking film
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Abstract
Description
(1) 銀ナノ粒子の製造方法であって、
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が6以上である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(A)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が5以下である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と2つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が8以下である脂肪族炭化水素ジアミン(C)とを含むアミン混合液を調製し、
銀化合物と、前記アミン混合液とを混合して、前記銀化合物及び前記アミンを含む錯化合物を生成させ、
前記錯化合物を加熱して熱分解させて、銀ナノ粒子を形成する、
ことを含む銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
前記基板上に、上記(1) ~(10)のうちのいずれかに記載の方法により製造される銀ナノ粒子と有機溶剤とを含む銀塗料組成物が塗布され、焼成されてなる銀導電層と、
を含む銀導電材料。焼成は、200℃以下、例えば150℃以下、好ましくは120℃以下の温度で、2時間以下、例えば1時間以下、好ましくは30分間以下の時間で行われる。
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が6以上である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(A)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が5以下である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と2つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が8以下である脂肪族炭化水素ジアミン(C)とを含むアミン混合液を調製し、
金属化合物と、前記アミン混合液とを混合して、前記金属化合物及び前記アミンを含む錯化合物を生成させ、
前記錯化合物を加熱して熱分解させて、金属ナノ粒子を形成する、
ことを含む金属ナノ粒子の製造方法。
ここで、Rは、2価のアルキレン基を表し、R1 及びR2 は、同一又は異なっていてもよく、アルキル基を表し、ただし、R、R1 及びR2 の炭素数の総和は8以下である。該アルキレン基は、酸素原子又は窒素原子等のヘテロ原子を含まない。また、該アルキル基は、酸素原子又は窒素原子等のヘテロ原子を含まない。
前記脂肪族モノアミン(A): 10モル%~65モル%
前記脂肪族モノアミン(B): 5モル%~50モル%
前記脂肪族ジアミン(C): 15モル%~50モル%
とするとよい。
得られた銀焼成膜について、4端子法(ロレスタGP MCP-T610)を用いて測定した。この装置の測定範囲限界は、107 Ωcmである。
N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン(MW:102.18):東京化成社製
n-ブチルアミン(MW:73.14):東京化成社製試薬
ヘキシルアミン(MW:101.19):東京化成社製試薬
オクチルアミン(MW:129.25):東京化成社製試薬
オレイン酸(MW:282.47):東京化成社製試薬
シュウ酸銀(MW:303.78):東京化成社製試薬
メタノール:和光純薬社製試薬特級
1-ブタノール:東京化成社製試薬
オクタン:和光純薬社製試薬特級
(銀ナノ粒子の調製)
50mLフラスコに、N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン1.28g(12.5mmol)、n-ブチルアミン0.91g(12.5mmol)、ヘキシルアミン3.24g(32.0mmol)、オクチルアミン0.39g(3.0mmol)、及びオレイン酸0.09g(0.33mmol)を加えて室温で攪拌し、均一なアミン-カルボン酸混合溶液を調製した。
次に、湿った銀ナノ粒子に、1-ブタノール/オクタン混合溶剤(体積比=1/4)を銀濃度50wt%となるように加えて攪拌し、銀ナノ粒子分散液を調製した。この銀ナノ粒子分散液を、焼成後の膜厚が1μm程度になるようにスピンコート法により無アルカリガラス板上に塗布し、塗膜を形成した。
[1] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、上記銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
[2] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を透明ガラス製サンプル瓶中に入れ密閉し、これを暗所において25℃にて7日間保存したところ、銀鏡は認められなかった。保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
上記銀ナノ粒子の調製中に得られた粘性のある白色物質について、DSC(示差走査熱量計)測定を行ったところ、熱分解による発熱開始平均温度値は102.5℃であった。一方、原料のシュウ酸銀について、同様に、DSC測定を行ったところ、熱分解による発熱開始平均温度値は218℃であった。このように、上記銀ナノ粒子の調製中に得られた粘性のある白色物質は、原料のシュウ酸銀に比べて、熱分解温度が低下していた。このことから、上記銀ナノ粒子の調製中に得られた粘性のある白色物質は、シュウ酸銀とアルキルアミンとが結合してなるものであることが示され、シュウ酸銀の銀原子に対してアルキルアミンのアミノ基が配位結合しているシュウ酸銀-アミン錯体であると推察された。
装置:DSC 6220-ASD2(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製)
試料容器:15μL 金メッキ密封セル(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製)
昇温速度:10℃/min (室温~600℃)
雰囲気ガス:セル内 大気圧 空気封じ込み
セル外 窒素気流(50mL/min)
銀ナノ粒子の調製において、アミン-カルボン酸混合溶液の組成を、N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン1.28g(12.5mmol)、n-ブチルアミン0.91g(12.5mmol)、ヘキシルアミン3.24g(32.0mmol)、オクチルアミン0.39g(3.0mmol)、及びオレイン酸0.13g(0.45mmol)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散液を調製し、塗膜の形成、焼成を行った。
[2] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を透明ガラス製サンプル瓶中に入れ密閉し、これを暗所において25℃にて7日間保存したところ、銀鏡は認められなかった。保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
銀ナノ粒子の調製において、アミン-カルボン酸混合溶液の組成を、N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン1.53g(15.0mmol)、n-ブチルアミン0.73g(10.0mmol)、ヘキシルアミン3.24g(32.0mmol)、オクチルアミン0.39g(3.0mmol)、及びオレイン酸0.13g(0.45mmol)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散液を調製し、塗膜の形成、焼成を行った。
[2] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を透明ガラス製サンプル瓶中に入れ密閉し、これを暗所において25℃にて7日間保存したところ、銀鏡は認められなかった。保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
銀ナノ粒子の調製において、アミン-カルボン酸混合溶液の組成を、N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン1.02g(10mmol)、n-ブチルアミン1.10g(15.0mmol)、ヘキシルアミン3.24g(32.0mmol)、オクチルアミン0.39g(3.0mmol)、及びオレイン酸0.13g(0.45mmol)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散液を調製し、塗膜の形成、焼成を行った。
[2] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を透明ガラス製サンプル瓶中に入れ密閉し、これを暗所において25℃にて7日間保存したところ、銀鏡は認められなかった。保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
銀ナノ粒子の調製において、アミン-カルボン酸混合溶液の組成を、N,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン2.55g(25.0mmol)、ヘキシルアミン3.24g(32.0mmol)、オクチルアミン0.39g(3.0mmol)、及びオレイン酸0.13g(0.45mmol)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散液を調製した。そして、焼成後の膜厚がそれぞれ0.35μm、0.65μm、1μm程度となるように、塗膜の形成、焼成を行った。
[2] 調製直後の上記銀ナノ粒子分散液を透明ガラス製サンプル瓶中に入れ密閉し、これを暗所において25℃にて7日間保存したところ、銀鏡は認められなかった。保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液を0.2μmフィルターにてろ過したところ、フィルター目詰まりを起こさなかった。つまり、保存後の銀ナノ粒子分散液は良好な分散状態を保っていた。
Claims (13)
- 銀ナノ粒子の製造方法であって、
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が6以上である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(A)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と1つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が5以下である脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)と、
脂肪族炭化水素基と2つのアミノ基とからなり、該脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素総数が8以下である脂肪族炭化水素ジアミン(C)とを含むアミン混合液を調製し、
銀化合物と、前記アミン混合液とを混合して、前記銀化合物及び前記アミンを含む錯化合物を生成させ、
前記錯化合物を加熱して熱分解させて、銀ナノ粒子を形成する、
ことを含む銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。 - 前記脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(A)は、炭素数6以上12以下のアルキルモノアミンである、請求項1に記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)は、炭素数2以上5以下のアルキルモノアミンである、請求項1又は2に記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)は、ブチルアミンである、請求項1~3のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記銀化合物は、シュウ酸銀である、請求項1~4のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(A)は、前記アミン混合液において前記モノアミン(A)、前記モノアミン(B)及び前記ジアミン(C)の合計を基準として、10モル%~65モル%含まれる、請求項1~5のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素モノアミン(B)は、前記アミン混合液において前記モノアミン(A)、前記モノアミン(B)及び前記ジアミン(C)の合計を基準として、5モル%~50モル%含まれる、請求項1~6のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素ジアミン(C)は、前記アミン混合液において前記モノアミン(A)、前記モノアミン(B)及び前記ジアミン(C)の合計を基準として、15モル%~50モル%含まれる、請求項1~7のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記銀化合物の銀原子1モルに対して、前記モノアミン(A)、前記モノアミン(B)及び前記ジアミン(C)をそれらの合計として1~20モル用いる、請求項1~8のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 前記アミン混合液に、さらに脂肪族カルボン酸(D)を含ませる、請求項1~9のうちのいずれかに記載の銀ナノ粒子の製造方法。
- 請求項1~10のうちのいずれかに記載の方法により製造される銀ナノ粒子。
- 請求項1~10のうちのいずれかに記載の方法により製造される銀ナノ粒子と、有機溶剤とを含む銀塗料組成物。
- 基板と、
前記基板上に、請求項1~10のうちのいずれかに記載の方法により製造される銀ナノ粒子と有機溶剤とを含む銀塗料組成物が塗布され、焼成されてなる銀導電層と、
を含む銀導電材料。
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- 2013-01-07 EP EP13735901.4A patent/EP2803430B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-01-07 WO PCT/JP2013/050048 patent/WO2013105530A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2014034602A (ja) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-24 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 銀微粒子インク、銀微粒子焼結体及び銀微粒子インクの製造方法 |
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KR20220145418A (ko) | 2014-10-02 | 2022-10-28 | 주식회사 다이셀 | 은 입자 도료 조성물 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150001452A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
CN104080562B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
CN104080562A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
KR20190089080A (ko) | 2019-07-29 |
EP2803430B1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
TW201335076A (zh) | 2013-09-01 |
TWI567026B (zh) | 2017-01-21 |
US9860983B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
KR20140113935A (ko) | 2014-09-25 |
US20180168037A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
JP2013142172A (ja) | 2013-07-22 |
EP2803430A1 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
EP2803430A4 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
JP6037494B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
KR102019749B1 (ko) | 2019-09-09 |
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