WO2013099009A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013099009A1 WO2013099009A1 PCT/JP2011/080465 JP2011080465W WO2013099009A1 WO 2013099009 A1 WO2013099009 A1 WO 2013099009A1 JP 2011080465 W JP2011080465 W JP 2011080465W WO 2013099009 A1 WO2013099009 A1 WO 2013099009A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- secondary battery
- converter
- power supply
- cell system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H01M8/04895—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/14—Boost converters
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system including a fuel cell and a secondary battery as a power supply source to a load.
- the fuel cell system of Patent Document 1 includes two converters, a fuel cell converter and a secondary battery converter, connected in parallel to a load, and stably supplies power to the load. Therefore, these two converters are operated in cooperation.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the upper limit of the output power supplied from the inverter to the load when the fuel cell converter is determined to be malfunctioning is the output power of the fuel cell converter.
- limiting to the following is disclosed.
- the converter for the secondary battery that acts as a buffer against load fluctuations controls the input voltage to the inverter. Therefore, if an abnormality such as a failure occurs in the secondary battery and the power supply path between the secondary battery and the inverter is interrupted, the input voltage to the inverter can be controlled. It becomes difficult to operate the load stably only with the fuel cell.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel cell system capable of stable operation of a load only by a fuel cell even when an abnormality occurs in a secondary battery.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention comprises: A fuel cell system including a fuel cell and a secondary battery as a power supply source to a load, A fuel cell power supply path connecting the fuel cell and the first load; A first converter provided on the fuel cell power supply path and capable of boosting the output of the fuel cell; A first secondary battery power supply path that connects the secondary battery to a first connection point on the fuel cell power supply path located on the first load side of the first converter; A second converter provided on the first secondary battery power supply path and capable of boosting the output of the secondary battery; A second secondary battery power supply path for connecting a second load to a second connection point on the first secondary battery power supply path located between the second converter and the secondary battery
- a first control unit for controlling the first converter A second control unit for controlling the second converter; With During normal operation, the first control unit causes the first converter to control the output voltage of the fuel cell, and the second control unit causes the second converter to supply the first load side. Control the output voltage, When an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery,
- the output voltage of the first converter is controlled so as to match the required output of the fuel cell system, and the output of the second converter to the second load side
- the voltage may be controlled to a constant voltage
- the output voltage of the first converter is controlled to a constant voltage, and the output voltage to the second load side of the second converter is the voltage of the second load. It may be controlled to meet the required output.
- a circuit breaker provided between the secondary battery on the first secondary battery power supply path and the second connection point;
- the circuit interrupting unit may be configured to be interrupted when an abnormality occurs in the secondary battery.
- the voltage to be controlled of the second converter is also changed, and the second converter that normally controls the output voltage to the first load side (in other words, the output voltage of the second converter) is the second converter.
- the output voltage to the load side will be controlled.
- An abnormality detection unit for detecting the occurrence of abnormality of the secondary battery; And a third control unit for forcibly blocking the circuit blocking unit when the abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality in the secondary battery.
- the secondary battery when an abnormality of the secondary battery is detected, the secondary battery is immediately disconnected from the fuel cell system, and stable operation using only the fuel cell can be performed.
- 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 3 is a flowchart showing an example of control of a control unit 30 when an abnormality occurrence of the secondary battery 20 is detected.
- the fuel cell system 11 of this embodiment includes a fuel cell 12 and a secondary battery 20 as a power supply source to a load.
- the fuel cell 12 is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, for example, and has a stack structure in which a large number of single cells are stacked.
- the single cell has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte composed of an ion exchange membrane, a fuel electrode on the other surface, and a structure having a pair of separators so as to sandwich the air electrode and the fuel electrode from both sides. It has become. Then, hydrogen gas as a fuel gas is supplied to the hydrogen gas channel of one separator, and air as an oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas channel of the other separator. Will occur.
- the fuel cell 12 and a drive motor (first load) 13 for running the vehicle are connected via a power supply path (fuel cell power supply path) A.
- a power supply path (fuel cell power supply path) A In this power supply path A, an FC boost converter (first converter) 15 and a drive inverter 16 are provided in this order from the fuel cell 12 side.
- the FC boost converter 15 is a DC voltage converter, which adjusts the DC voltage input from the fuel cell 12 and outputs it to the drive inverter 16 side.
- the drive motor 13 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor, and the drive inverter 16 converts a DC current into a three-phase AC and supplies it to the drive motor 13.
- a power supply path (first secondary battery power supply path) B is connected to the power supply path A.
- a connection point X between the power supply path A and the power supply path B is located between the FC boost converter 15 and the drive inverter 16.
- a secondary battery 20 is connected to one end of the power supply path B.
- a relay (circuit breaker) 21 and a battery boost converter are sequentially provided from the secondary battery 20 side.
- a (second converter) 22 is provided.
- the secondary battery 20 charges the surplus output power of the fuel cell 12 and the regenerative power of the drive motor 13 based on a control signal from the control unit 30, or power necessary for driving the drive motors 13 and 14. On the other hand, when the output power of the fuel cell 12 is insufficient, it is possible to replenish the shortage of power or supply power to the auxiliary motors 25 and 26 described later.
- the battery boost converter 22 is a DC voltage converter, and functions to adjust the DC voltage input from the secondary battery 20 and output it to the drive motors 13 and 14, and input from the fuel cell 12 or the drive motor 13. And a function of adjusting the DC voltage and outputting it to the secondary battery 20 and / or the auxiliary motors 25 and 26.
- the charge / discharge of the secondary battery 20 is realized by such a function of the battery boost converter 22.
- the function of the battery boost converter 22 controls the input voltage to the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17 during the normal operation of the fuel cell system 11, while the relay 21 to be described later causes for some reason.
- the secondary battery 20 is disconnected from the fuel cell system 11 (when the secondary battery is abnormal), power can be supplied from the fuel cell 12 to the auxiliary motors 25 and 26. .
- a power supply path (fuel cell power supply path) C is connected to the high voltage side of the power supply path B.
- a connection point Y between the power supply path B and the power supply path C is located between the connection point X and the battery boost converter 22.
- a drive motor (first load) 14 is connected to one end of the power supply path C.
- the drive motor 14 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor, and is an air compressor drive motor that pumps air (oxidizing gas) to the fuel cell 12.
- An auxiliary inverter 17 is provided between the drive motor 14 and the connection point Y. The auxiliary inverter 17 converts a direct current into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the drive motor 14.
- a power supply path D (second secondary battery power supply path) is connected to the low voltage side (secondary battery 20 side) of the power supply path B.
- a connection point Z between the power supply path B and the power supply path D is located between the battery boost converter 22 and the relay 21.
- the power supply path D is bifurcated, and auxiliary inverters 23 and 24 and auxiliary motors 25 and 26 are provided at the branch destinations, respectively.
- the auxiliary motor 25 is a motor that drives a hydrogen pump for recirculating the hydrogen off-gas discharged from the hydrogen gas flow path of the fuel cell 12 to the fuel cell 12.
- the auxiliary motor 26 is a motor that drives a cooling water pump for circulating cooling water used for temperature control of the fuel cell 12.
- Auxiliary machine inverters 23 and 24 convert a direct current into a three-phase alternating current and supply it to auxiliary machine motors 25 and 26, respectively.
- the control unit 30 is a computer system for integrated control of the fuel cell system 11 and includes, for example, a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
- the control unit 30 is a signal supplied from various sensors (for example, a signal indicating an accelerator opening, a signal indicating a vehicle speed, a signal indicating an output current or an output voltage of the fuel cell 12, etc., and only a part is shown in FIG.
- the power demand of the entire load including the drive motors 13 and 14 and the auxiliary motors 25 and 26 is calculated.
- control unit 30 of the present embodiment can also detect the occurrence of an abnormality such as a failure of the secondary battery 20 based on a signal supplied from the secondary battery 20 or sensors provided in the vicinity thereof. It is. That is, the control unit 30 also has a function as an abnormality detection unit of the present invention.
- control unit 30 when detecting the occurrence of abnormality of the secondary battery 20, the control unit 30 opens the relay 21 to cut off the power supply from the secondary battery 20 to the drive motors 13 and 14 and the auxiliary motors 25 and 26. That is, the control unit 30 also has a function as the third control unit of the present invention.
- the control unit 30 determines the distribution of each output power of the fuel cell 12 and the secondary battery 20 and calculates a power generation command value. More specifically, when the required power for the fuel cell 12 and the secondary battery 20 is calculated, the control unit 30 controls the operations of the FC boost converter 15 and the battery boost converter 22 so as to obtain these required powers.
- the control unit 30 controls the FC boost converter 15 to control the output voltage of the fuel cell 12 during normal operation including when no abnormality occurs in the secondary battery 20, and causes the battery boost converter 22 to drive the drive motor 13,
- the output voltage to the side 14, in other words, the input voltage to the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17 is controlled.
- the battery boost converter 22 sends to the auxiliary motors 25 and 26.
- the output voltage of the FC boost converter 15, in other words, the input voltage to the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17 includes the drive output of the drive motors 13 and 14 and the auxiliary motors 25 and 26. Control is performed so as to meet the required output of the fuel cell system 11 as a whole.
- control part 30 of this embodiment is comprised as one control apparatus which has the function of the 1st control part of this invention, and the function of the 2nd control part, it is the 1st control part.
- the second control unit and the second control unit may be composed of separate control devices.
- the fuel cell system 11 of the present embodiment is characterized in that when a failure (abnormality) of the secondary battery 20 is detected, the system control can be switched to the battery-less evacuation travel mode and the vehicle operation can be continued.
- a failure abnormality
- the control unit 30 in this regard will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
- control unit 30 When the control unit 30 detects a failure (abnormality) of the secondary battery 20 (step S1), the control unit 30 disconnects the relay 21 of the secondary battery 20 (step S3). Thereby, the secondary battery 20 is disconnected from the fuel cell system 11.
- control unit 30 switches the control target of the battery boost converter 22 to the voltage on the secondary battery 20 side, in other words, the input voltage to the auxiliary inverters 23 and 24, and performs constant voltage control (step S5).
- the control unit 30 is a voltage at which the auxiliary inverters 23 and 24 connected to the power supply path D can supply the maximum output as the secondary battery side voltage controlled by the battery boost converter 22, for example, the secondary battery Command the OCV voltage of battery 20.
- control target of the FC boost converter 15 is switched to the input voltage of the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary machine inverter 17, and the entire fuel cell system 11 including outputs necessary for driving the drive motors 13, 14 and the auxiliary machine motors 25, 26 is included. Voltage control according to the required output is performed (step S7). At this time, a control error due to a difference in power consumption caused by load maps and load fluctuations stored in the control unit 30 and used for various controls and demagnetization of the drive motors 13 and 14 inevitably occurs. There may be.
- the flow rate of air supplied to the fuel cell 12 is increased by increasing the rotational speed of the drive motor 14 so that the fuel cell 12 can output an output corresponding to the control error (step S9).
- This increase correction of the air flow rate is set to an amount that can absorb a control error that can be generated by the system, so that the system efficiency can be optimized.
- the voltage of the terminal to which the secondary battery 20 was connected during normal operation that is, the input voltage of the auxiliary inverters 23 and 24, the input voltage of the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17, and are controlled by two converters (FC boost converter 15 and battery boost converter 22), respectively.
- the terminal voltage (output voltage) of the fuel cell 12 is also determined in accordance with the required power for the fuel cell system 11. Therefore, the fuel cell system 11 can be stably operated, and so-called retreat travel is also possible.
- the battery boost converter 22 outputs the voltage on the secondary battery 20 side, that is, the input voltage to the auxiliary inverters 23 and 24.
- the capacitance at the connection point Z is significantly reduced, and as a result, the control stability of the battery boost converter 22 is significantly worse than in normal operation.
- the control unit 30 performs the control of the FC boost converter 15 as described in the above embodiment.
- the output voltage of the FC boost converter 15 may be controlled so that the input voltages to the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17 are fixed to a constant voltage.
- the required output of the entire fuel cell system 11 required for the vehicle evacuation travel is obtained, and then the input voltage to the drive inverter 16 and the auxiliary inverter 17 capable of outputting the required output is obtained,
- the control stability of the battery boost converter 22 can be achieved by setting the input voltage to the target output voltage of the FC boost converter 15.
- the torque control of the drive motor 13 and the torque control of the drive motor 14 are performed in accordance with the accelerator request (accelerator pedal opening).
- the increase rate of the output of the drive motor 13 is faster than the increase rate of the output of the drive motor 14 and exceeds the output that the fuel cell 12 can output.
- the control for increasing the air supply amount as described above is effective, but instead of increasing the air supply amount, for example, an airflow sensor provided in the air supply path of the fuel cell 12 Based on the air flow rate detected from a flow meter, etc., an output upper limit value that can be generated by the fuel cell 12 is obtained, and torque control of the drive motors 13 and 14 according to the accelerator request is performed within a range not exceeding the output upper limit value. You may make it implement.
- the motor regeneration since the secondary battery 20 is disconnected from the fuel cell system 11 when the occurrence of an abnormality in the secondary battery 20 is detected, the motor regeneration is completely prohibited in such a case. If it can be determined that the regenerative power can be stably consumed by the drive motor 14, the auxiliary motors 25 and 26, and other auxiliary machines (for example, a heater for heating), the Motor regeneration may be allowed within a consumable range. In such a case, even when the secondary battery 20 cannot be used, deterioration in driving comfort can be minimized.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle. Such a fuel cell system can be applied. Moreover, the fuel cell system according to the present invention can also be applied to a stationary power generation system used as a power generation facility for buildings (houses, buildings, etc.).
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Abstract
Description
負荷への電力供給源として燃料電池及び二次電池を備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池と第1の負荷とを接続する燃料電池電力供給経路と、
前記燃料電池電力供給経路上に設けられ、前記燃料電池の出力を昇圧可能な第1のコンバータと、
前記二次電池を前記第1のコンバータよりも前記第1の負荷側に位置する前記燃料電池電力供給経路上の第1の接続点に接続する第1の二次電池電力供給経路と、
前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上に設けられ、前記二次電池の出力を昇圧可能な第2のコンバータと、
第2の負荷を前記第2のコンバータと前記二次電池との間に位置する前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上の第2の接続点に接続する第2の二次電池電力供給経路と、
前記第1のコンバータを制御する第1の制御部と、
前記第2のコンバータを制御する第2の制御部と、
を備え、
通常運転時は、前記第1の制御部が前記第1のコンバータに前記燃料電池の出力電圧を制御させると共に、前記第2の制御部が前記第2のコンバータに前記第1の負荷側への出力電圧を制御させ、
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1の制御部が前記第1のコンバータにその出力電圧を制御させると共に、前記第2の制御部が前記第2のコンバータに前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧を制御させるものである。
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1のコンバータの出力電圧が当該燃料電池システムの要求出力に合うように制御されると共に、前記第2のコンバータの前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧が一定電圧に制御されてもよい。
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1のコンバータの出力電圧が一定電圧に制御されると共に、前記第2のコンバータの前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧が前記第2の負荷の要求出力に合うように制御されてもよい。
前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上の前記二次電池と前記第2の接続点との間に回路遮断部を備え、
前記回路遮断部が前記二次電池の異常発生時に遮断されるように構成されていてもよい。
しかしながら、このような場合であっても、第1のコンバータの制御対象電圧が変更され、通常は燃料電池の出力電圧(言い換えれば、第1のコンバータの入力電圧)を制御している第1のコンバータがその出力電圧を制御することになる。
前記二次電池の異常発生を検知する異常検知部と、
前記異常検知部によって前記二次電池の異常発生が検知された場合に、前記回路遮断部を強制的に遮断させる第3の制御部と、を備えてもよい。
12 燃料電池
13、14 駆動モータ(第1の負荷)
15 FC昇圧コンバータ(第1のコンバータ)
20 二次電池
21 リレー(回路遮断部)
22 バッテリ昇圧コンバータ(第2のコンバータ)
25、26 補機モータ(第2の負荷)
30 制御部(第1の制御部、第2の制御部、第3の制御部、異常検知部)
A、C 電力供給経路(燃料電池電力供給経路)
B 電力供給経路(第1の二次電池電力供給経路)
D 電力供給経路(第2の二次電池電力供給経路)
このとき、制御部30に記憶されて各種の制御に用いられる負荷マップと負荷変動や、駆動モータ13,14の減磁等に起因する消費電力の相違に起因する制御誤差が不可避的に発生している場合がある。
Claims (5)
- 負荷への電力供給源として燃料電池及び二次電池を備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池と第1の負荷とを接続する燃料電池電力供給経路と、
前記燃料電池電力供給経路上に設けられ、前記燃料電池の出力を昇圧可能な第1のコンバータと、
前記二次電池を前記第1のコンバータよりも前記第1の負荷側に位置する前記燃料電池電力供給経路上の第1の接続点に接続する第1の二次電池電力供給経路と、
前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上に設けられ、前記二次電池の出力を昇圧可能な第2のコンバータと、
第2の負荷を前記第2のコンバータと前記二次電池との間に位置する前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上の第2の接続点に接続する第2の二次電池電力供給経路と、
前記第1のコンバータを制御する第1の制御部と、
前記第2のコンバータを制御する第2の制御部と、
を備え、
通常運転時は、前記第1の制御部が前記第1のコンバータに前記燃料電池の出力電圧を制御させると共に、前記第2の制御部が前記第2のコンバータに前記第1の負荷側への出力電圧を制御させ、
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1の制御部が前記第1のコンバータにその出力電圧を制御させると共に、前記第2の制御部が前記第2のコンバータに前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧を制御させる燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1のコンバータの出力電圧が当該燃料電池システムの要求出力に合うように制御されると共に、前記第2のコンバータの前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧が一定電圧に制御される燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記二次電池の異常発生時は、前記第1のコンバータの出力電圧が一定電圧に制御されると共に、前記第2のコンバータの前記第2の負荷側への出力電圧が前記第2の負荷の要求出力に合うように制御される燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記第1の二次電池電力供給経路上の前記二次電池と前記第2の接続点との間に回路遮断部を備え、
前記回路遮断部が前記二次電池の異常発生時に遮断される燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記二次電池の異常発生を検知する異常検知部と、
前記異常検知部によって前記二次電池の異常発生が検知された場合に、前記回路遮断部を強制的に遮断させる第3の制御部と、を備える燃料電池システム。
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JP2013551142A JP5812523B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | 燃料電池システム |
CN201180076080.3A CN104025354B (zh) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | 燃料电池系统 |
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- 2011-12-28 EP EP11878431.3A patent/EP2800183B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-28 JP JP2013551142A patent/JP5812523B2/ja active Active
- 2011-12-28 US US14/369,309 patent/US20150017485A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-28 WO PCT/JP2011/080465 patent/WO2013099009A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-12-28 CN CN201180076080.3A patent/CN104025354B/zh active Active
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JP2008265462A (ja) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Industries Corp | 産業車両 |
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JP2010057284A (ja) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両用電源装置 |
JP2010135258A (ja) | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2015223024A (ja) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-12-10 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 回転電機制御装置 |
JP2017085694A (ja) * | 2015-10-23 | 2017-05-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JPWO2017104256A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-11-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
WO2017104256A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
US11465505B2 (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2022-10-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
JP2017112809A (ja) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 駆動装置、輸送機器及び制御方法 |
US9987931B2 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2018-06-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of disconnecting secondary battery and electric power supply system |
JP2017147782A (ja) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池切り離し方法 |
DE102017101852B4 (de) | 2016-02-15 | 2023-02-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Verfahren zum Trennen einer Sekundärbatterie und eines Stromversorgungssystems |
US10122177B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2018-11-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply method and power supply system |
JP2018041701A (ja) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2018074901A (ja) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車の電圧制御装置 |
JP7027802B2 (ja) | 2016-10-25 | 2022-03-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車の電圧制御装置 |
US10882406B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2021-01-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2013099009A1 (ja) | 2015-04-30 |
EP2800183A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
JP5812523B2 (ja) | 2015-11-17 |
CN104025354B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
EP2800183B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
CN104025354A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2800183A4 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
US20150017485A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
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