WO2013080644A1 - セルスタック装置、燃料電池モジュールおよび燃料電池装置ならびにセルスタック装置の作製方法 - Google Patents
セルスタック装置、燃料電池モジュールおよび燃料電池装置ならびにセルスタック装置の作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013080644A1 WO2013080644A1 PCT/JP2012/075270 JP2012075270W WO2013080644A1 WO 2013080644 A1 WO2013080644 A1 WO 2013080644A1 JP 2012075270 W JP2012075270 W JP 2012075270W WO 2013080644 A1 WO2013080644 A1 WO 2013080644A1
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- cell stack
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04432—Pressure differences, e.g. between anode and cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/243—Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cell stack device in which a plurality of fuel cells are arranged, a fuel cell module, a fuel cell device, and a method for manufacturing the cell stack device.
- Such a cell stack is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of fuel cells that can obtain power using fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas) and air (oxygen-containing gas) in series.
- Such a fuel cell device includes a cell stack device in which fuel cells are arranged, and is supplied to the fuel cells located at the center and the end in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells.
- a cell stack device in which fuel cells are arranged, and is supplied to the fuel cells located at the center and the end in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells.
- the power generation performance may be reduced due to a difference in the amount of reaction gas to be generated.
- the temperature of the fuel cell located in the central portion along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells is higher than that of the fuel cell located on the end side, thereby increasing the pressure loss in the gas passage. is there.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a fuel in which the cross-sectional area of the gas passage on the central side in the stacking direction of the fuel cells is larger than the cross-sectional area of the gas passage of the fuel cells on the gas supply side of the fuel cells. Batteries have been proposed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a cell stack device, a fuel cell module, a fuel cell device, and a method for manufacturing the cell stack device that can improve power generation performance.
- the cell stack device of the present invention has a cell stack formed by arranging and electrically connecting a plurality of fuel cells each having a gas flow path through which a reaction gas flows, and the cell stack is an arbitrary one of the fuel cells.
- the cell stack is an arbitrary one of the fuel cells.
- the fuel cell module of the present invention is characterized in that the cell stack device is stored in a storage container.
- the fuel cell device of the present invention is characterized in that the fuel cell module and an auxiliary machine for operating the fuel cell module are housed in an outer case.
- the method for producing a cell stack device of the present invention includes a step of producing a plurality of fuel cells having gas flow paths through which a reaction gas flows, a step of measuring the pressure loss of each of the produced plurality of fuel cells, A step of classifying the plurality of fuel cells into a plurality of fuel cell groups based on the measured value of pressure loss; and the classifying the fuel cell groups from a central portion in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells. And a step of configuring the cell stack in such a manner that the fuel cell groups having a high average value of pressure loss are arranged in order toward the end side.
- a cell stack formed by electrically connecting a plurality of fuel cells is provided with an arbitrary number of the fuel cells as one fuel cell group. Since the average value of the pressure loss of the fuel cells in the fuel cell group is arranged so as to increase in order from the center to the end in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells, each fuel cell The flow rate of the reaction gas supplied to the gas can be made uniform, and the power generation performance can be improved.
- the fuel cell module of the present invention includes the cell stack device, it can be a fuel cell module with improved power generation performance.
- the fuel cell device of the present invention is a fuel cell device with improved power generation performance because the fuel cell module and an auxiliary machine for operating the fuel cell module are housed in an outer case. be able to.
- the cell stack device of the present invention is manufactured by the above-described steps, the average value of the pressure loss of the fuel cells in the fuel cell group is shifted from the center to the end in the fuel cell arrangement direction. Therefore, it is possible to easily manufacture the cell stack devices arranged so as to increase in order.
- FIG. 1 An example of the cell stack apparatus of this embodiment is shown, (a) is a side view, (b) It is an enlarged plan view which extracts and shows a part of cell stack apparatus shown by (a). It is an external appearance perspective view which shows an example of the fuel cell module of this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the fuel cell apparatus of this embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a cell stack device according to the present embodiment, where (a) is a side view showing the cell stack device 1, and (b) is a part of the cell stack device 1 shown in (a).
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a cell stack device according to the present embodiment, where (a) is a side view showing the cell stack device 1, and (b) is a part of the cell stack device 1 shown in (a).
- FIG. The same members are assigned the same numbers, and so on.
- the cell stack device 1 electrically connects the fuel cells 3 in series by arranging a plurality of columnar fuel cells 3 between the adjacent fuel cells 3 via the current collecting member 4.
- the cell stack 2 is formed.
- a fuel battery cell 3 shown in FIG. 1 has a plurality of gas flow paths 14 inside, and an inner electrode on one flat surface of a pair of opposed flat surfaces having a flat cross section.
- a fuel electrode layer 9 as a layer, a solid electrolyte layer 10 and an air electrode layer 11 as an outer electrode layer are sequentially laminated, and an inter-layer is formed on the other flat surface where the air electrode layer 11 is not formed.
- the connector 12 is laminated.
- a P-type semiconductor layer 15 may be provided on the outer surface of the interconnector 12.
- the P-type semiconductor layer 15 can also be provided on the outer surface of the air electrode layer 11.
- each fuel cell 3 constituting the cell stack 2 is fixed to the manifold 7 for supplying the reaction gas to the fuel cell 3 through the gas flow path 14 by a bonding material such as a glass seal material.
- a bonding material such as a glass seal material.
- an elastically deformable conductive member 5 having a lower end fixed to the manifold 7 is provided so as to sandwich the cell stack 2 from both ends in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 via the current collecting members 4.
- the conductive member 5 shown in FIG. 1 has a shape that extends outward along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 and draws out current generated by the power generation of the cell stack 2 (fuel cells 3).
- a current drawing portion 6 is provided.
- the temperature of the fuel cell 3 is configured by burning the fuel gas (excess fuel gas) discharged from the gas flow path 14 on the upper end side of the fuel cell 3. Can be raised. Thereby, the start-up of the cell stack apparatus 1 can be accelerated.
- porous conductive ceramics such as ZrO 2 (referred to as stabilized zirconia) in which a rare earth element is dissolved, Ni and / or NiO are used. And can be formed from
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 has a function as an electrolyte that bridges electrons between the electrodes, and at the same time, has to have a gas barrier property in order to prevent leakage between the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas. It is formed from ZrO 2 in which 3 to 15 mol% of a rare earth element is dissolved. In addition, as long as it has the said characteristic, you may form using another material etc.
- the air electrode layer 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used.
- the air electrode layer 11 can be formed of a conductive ceramic made of a so-called ABO 3 type perovskite oxide.
- the air electrode layer 11 is required to have gas permeability and preferably has an open porosity of 20% or more, particularly 30 to 50%.
- the interconnector 12 can be formed from conductive ceramics, it is required to have reduction resistance and oxidation resistance because it is in contact with a fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas) and an oxygen-containing gas (air, etc.). Therefore, a lanthanum chromite-based perovskite oxide (LaCrO 3 -based oxide) is preferably used.
- the interconnector 12 must be dense to prevent leakage of fuel gas flowing through the plurality of gas flow paths 14 formed in the conductive support 13 and oxygen-containing gas flowing outside the conductive support 13. Preferably, it has a relative density of 93% or more, particularly 95% or more.
- the conductive support 13 is required to be gas permeable in order to allow the fuel gas to permeate to the fuel electrode layer 9 and to be conductive in order to collect current via the interconnector 12. . Therefore, as the conductive support 13, it is necessary to adopt a material satisfying such a requirement as a material, and for example, conductive ceramics, cermet, or the like can be used.
- an iron group metal component and a specific rare earth oxide (Y 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3, etc.) is preferably formed.
- the conductive support 13 preferably has an open porosity of 30% or more, particularly 35 to 50% in order to have the required gas permeability, and the conductivity is 300 S / cm or more. In particular, it is preferably 440 S / cm or more.
- examples of the P-type semiconductor layer 15 include a layer made of a transition metal perovskite oxide. Specifically, one having higher electron conductivity than the lanthanum chromite type perovskite type oxide (LaCrO 3 type oxide) constituting the interconnector 11, for example, LaMnO in which Mn, Fe, Co, etc. exist in the B site. P-type semiconductor ceramics made of at least one of three- based oxides, LaFeO 3 -based oxides, LaCoO 3 -based oxides and the like can be used. In general, the thickness of the P-type semiconductor layer 15 is preferably in the range of 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11 are firmly joined between the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11, and the components of the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode are An intermediate layer can also be provided for the purpose of suppressing the formation of a reaction layer having a high electrical resistance by reacting with the components of the layer 11.
- the intermediate layer can be formed with a composition containing Ce (cerium) and other rare earth elements, for example, (1): (CeO 2 ) 1-x (REO 1.5 ) x
- RE is at least one of Sm, Y, Yb, and Gd
- x is a number that satisfies 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3. It is preferable to have the composition represented by these. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing electric resistance, it is preferable to use Sm or Gd as RE, and for example, it is preferably made of CeO 2 in which 10 to 20 mol% of SmO 1.5 or GdO 1.5 is dissolved. .
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11 are firmly bonded, and the components of the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the components of the air electrode layer 11 react to form a reaction layer having high electrical resistance.
- the intermediate layer may be formed of two layers.
- an adhesion layer is provided between the interconnector 12 and the conductive support 13 to reduce the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the interconnector 12 and the conductive support 13. It can also be provided.
- the adhesion layer can have a composition similar to that of the fuel electrode layer 9, and is formed of, for example, ZrO 2 (referred to as stabilized zirconia) in which a rare earth element such as YSZ is dissolved and Ni and / or NiO. can do.
- ZrO 2 referred to as stabilized zirconia
- the volume ratio of ZrO 2 in which the rare earth element is dissolved and Ni and / or NiO is preferably in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.
- the temperature on the center side along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells increases, It is known that a temperature distribution is generated on the center side and the end side of the cell stack. Further, with this temperature distribution, there is a difference in the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cells located on the center side and the end side of the cell stack, which may reduce the power generation performance.
- the cell stack 2 is provided with a plurality of fuel battery cell groups, with an arbitrary number of fuel battery cells 3 as one fuel battery cell group, and each fuel battery cell.
- the average value of the pressure loss of the fuel cells 3 in the group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the average pressure loss) is arranged so as to increase in order from the center to the end of the cell stack 2.
- the cell stack 2 is located on the end side, and is adjacent to the fuel cell group C composed of four fuel cells 3 and the fuel cell group C.
- a fuel cell group B composed of four fuel cells 3 and a fuel cell group A composed of 10 fuel cells 3 located on the center side, in each fuel cell group
- the average pressure loss per fuel cell 3 satisfies the relationship of fuel cell group A ⁇ fuel cell group B ⁇ fuel cell group C.
- the fuel cell group B having the next lowest average pressure loss is disposed next to both sides of the fuel cell group A having the lowest average pressure loss, and the average pressure loss is next to both sides of the fuel cell group B.
- a low fuel cell group C is arranged.
- the fuel cell group constituting the cell stack 2 can be appropriately changed according to the number of the fuel battery cells 3 constituting the cell stack 2, but at least the type of the fuel battery cell group constituting the cell stack 2 is selected. It is preferable to arrange three or more cell groups and arrange them appropriately so that the entire cell stack becomes 5 to 15 groups. In this case, the same type of fuel cell groups may be arranged so as to be the left and right objects, and the cell stack as a whole may be arranged as 5 to 15 groups. In the example of FIG. 1, a case where three groups are arranged in a total of five groups is shown.
- the example in which the fuel cell groups constituting the cell stack 2 are provided so as to be the left and right objects around the central portion of the cell stack 2 has been shown.
- the number of fuel cells 3 constituting each fuel cell group can be changed as appropriate, but in order to improve the power generation performance of the cell stack 2, the central portion of the cell stack 2 is not required.
- the center it is preferable that the number of fuel cell groups and the number of fuel cells 3 constituting each fuel cell group are left and right targets.
- a process of manufacturing the cell stack 2 will be described. First, a plurality of fuel cells 3 constituting the cell stack 2 are produced. Next, the pressure loss of all the produced fuel cells 3 is measured.
- a pressure loss measuring member having a gas supply port and provided with a slit according to the outer shape of the fuel cell 3 is prepared, and each fuel cell 3 is fixed to the member.
- a fluid such as air of a predetermined flow rate is supplied to each fuel cell 3 through the pressure loss measuring member, and the pressure difference between the pressure at the gas supply port of the pressure loss measuring member and the atmospheric pressure is slightly different. Measure with a pressure gauge. Thereby, the pressure loss of each fuel battery cell 3 can be measured.
- each fuel battery cell 3 is cut to measure the pressure loss, and other than the fuel battery cell 3 to be measured
- the fuel cell 3 may be covered with a cap or the like to block the gas flow in the gas flow path 14 of the fuel cell 3, and the pressure loss of the fuel cell 3 to be measured may be measured.
- the pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the manifold 7 may be regarded as the pressure at the gas supply port.
- the pressure loss of each fuel cell 3 constituting the cell stack 2 was measured.
- the portion of the fuel cell group is By estimating as a boundary and repeating this, it is possible to estimate whether the cell stack 2 is composed of a plurality of fuel cell groups having different average pressure losses.
- the fuel cell 3 is assigned to a plurality of groups set for each predetermined pressure loss range.
- the predetermined pressure loss range can be appropriately set based on the size of the fuel cell 3 itself, the size of the gas flow path 14, and the like.
- the number of groups can be set as appropriate depending on the number of fuel cells 3 constituting the cell stack 2, and can be 3 to 10 groups, for example.
- a fuel cell group is produced using an arbitrary number of fuel cells distributed to each group.
- the fuel cell group classified based on pressure loss can be produced.
- the average pressure loss of the fuel cells 3 in the fuel cell group can be obtained by averaging the pressure loss for an arbitrary number of fuel cells 3.
- the fuel cell groups classified based on the pressure loss are arranged so that the fuel cell groups having high pressure loss are arranged in order from the center to the end in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3. .
- the fuel cell group having the lowest average pressure loss is arranged to be in the center of the cell stack 2
- the fuel cell group having the next lowest average pressure loss is arranged next to both
- the fuel cell groups having a low average pressure loss are arranged in order according to the number of fuel cell groups constituting the cell stack 2 so as to be further adjacent to each other.
- the arrangement of the fuel cells 3 does not have to be in the order of pressure loss.
- the fuel cells 3 may be arbitrarily arranged in each fuel cell group.
- the number of the fuel cells 3 constituting the fuel cell group located in the central portion of the cell stack 2. is preferably larger than the number of fuel cells 3 constituting another fuel cell group. Thereby, it can suppress more that power generation performance falls.
- the number of the fuel cells 3 constituting each fuel cell group can be gradually decreased from the center to the end of the cell stack 2.
- each fuel cell group is preferably composed of an even number of fuel cells 3 and the fuel constituting the cell stack 2
- the fuel cell group on the central side of the cell stack 2 is an odd number
- the other fuel cell groups are configured by an even number of fuel cells 3. preferable.
- the cell stack device 1 of the present embodiment manufactured by the above method can make the flow rate of the reaction gas supplied to each fuel cell 3 uniform, and can improve the power generation performance.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing an example of a fuel cell module (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a module) including the cell stack device 1 of the present embodiment.
- a fuel cell module hereinafter sometimes referred to as a module
- the above-described cell stack device 1 is stored inside the storage container 17.
- fuel gas is generated by reforming raw fuel such as natural gas or kerosene supplied through the raw fuel supply pipe 22.
- the reformer 18 is arranged above the cell stack 2.
- the reformer 18 preferably has a structure capable of performing steam reforming, which is an efficient reforming reaction, and a reforming unit 19 for vaporizing water and reforming raw fuel into fuel gas.
- a reforming section 20 in which a reforming catalyst (not shown) is disposed.
- the fuel gas generated by the reformer 20 is supplied to the manifold 7 via the fuel gas flow pipe 21 and is supplied from the manifold 7 to a gas flow path provided inside the fuel battery cell 3.
- the configuration of the cell stack device 1 can be appropriately changed depending on the type and shape of the fuel cell 3.
- the reformer 18 can be included in the cell stack device 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which a part (front and rear surfaces) of the storage container 17 is removed and the cell stack device 1 stored inside is taken out rearward.
- the cell stack device 1 can be slid and stored in the storage container 17.
- the surplus fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas discharged from the gas flow path of the fuel battery cell 3 are combusted on the upper end side of the fuel battery cell 3 so that the start-up of the cell stack device 1 can be accelerated.
- the reformer 18 disposed above the cell stack 2 can be warmed, and the reformer 18 can efficiently perform the reforming reaction.
- a hollow flat plate fuel cell 3 is shown as the fuel cell 3.
- a cylindrical or flat plate fuel cell 3 may be used. Can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the fuel cell 3.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell device 24 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, a part of the configuration is omitted.
- the fuel cell device 24 shown in FIG. 3 divides the inside of an exterior case composed of a support column 25 and an exterior plate 26 into upper and lower portions by a partition plate 27, and the upper side serves as a module storage chamber 28 for storing the above-described module 16.
- the lower side is configured as an auxiliary equipment storage chamber 29 for storing auxiliary equipment for operating the module 16. It should be noted that auxiliary equipment stored in the auxiliary equipment storage chamber 29 is omitted.
- the partition plate 27 is provided with an air circulation port 30 for flowing the air in the auxiliary machine storage chamber 29 to the module storage chamber 28, and a module is formed in a part of the exterior plate 26 constituting the module storage chamber 28.
- An exhaust port 31 for exhausting the air in the storage chamber 28 is provided.
- the module 16 including the cell stack device 1 with improved power generation efficiency is housed in the module housing chamber 28, thereby stably generating power for a long period of time. It can be set as the fuel cell apparatus 24 which can perform.
- the same effect can be obtained when the fuel battery cell 3 is a hollow plate type having a gas flow path through which an oxygen-containing gas flows. That is, the same applies to a cell stack apparatus using a solid oxide fuel cell in which the fuel cell 3 is formed by sequentially laminating an air electrode layer as an inner electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer as an outer electrode. The effect of can be obtained.
- Cell stack device 2 Cell stack 3: Fuel cell 16: Fuel cell module 24: Fuel cell devices A, B, C: Fuel cell group
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Abstract
Description
(1):(CeO2)1-x(REO1.5)x
式中、REはSm、Y、Yb、Gdの少なくとも1種であり、xは0<x≦0.3を満足する数。
で表される組成を有していることが好ましい。さらには、電気抵抗を低減するという点から、REとしてSmやGdを用いることが好ましく、例えば10~20モル%のSmO1.5またはGdO1.5が固溶したCeO2からなることが好ましい。
2:セルスタック
3:燃料電池セル
16:燃料電池モジュール
24:燃料電池装置
A,B,C:燃料電池セル群
Claims (7)
- 反応ガスが流れるガス流路を備える燃料電池セルを複数個配列して電気的に接続してなるセルスタックを有し、該セルスタックは、前記燃料電池セルの任意の個数を1つの燃料電池セル群として設けられており、それぞれの前記燃料電池セル群における前記燃料電池セルの圧力損失の平均値が、前記燃料電池セルの配列方向における中央部から端部側に向けて、順に高くなるように配列されていることを特徴とするセルスタック装置。
- 前記燃料電池セルの配列方向における中央部に位置する前記燃料電池セル群を構成する前記燃料電池セルの個数が、前記中央部に位置する前記燃料電池セル群以外の前記燃料電池セル群を構成する前記燃料電池セルの個数よりも多いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセルスタック装置。
- 前記セルスタックが、少なくとも5つ以上の前記燃料電池セル群により構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のセルスタック装置。
- 収納容器内に、請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれかに記載のセルスタック装置を収納してなることを特徴とする燃料電池モジュール。
- 請求項4に記載の燃料電池モジュールと、該燃料電池モジュールを動作させるための補機とを外装ケース内に収納してなることを特徴とする燃料電池装置。
- 反応ガスが流れるガス流路を備える燃料電池セルを複数個作製する工程と、
作製した複数個の前記燃料電池セルの圧力損失をそれぞれ測定する工程と、
複数個の前記燃料電池セルを、測定した圧力損失の値に基づいて複数の燃料電池セル群に分類する工程と、
前記分類した燃料電池セル群を、前記燃料電池セルの配列方向における中央部から端部側に向けて、順に圧力損失の平均値が高い前記燃料電池セル群が配列されるように並べてセルスタックを構成する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とするセルスタック装置の作製方法。 - 複数個の前記燃料電池セルを、測定した圧力損失の値に基づいて複数の燃料電池セル群に分類する工程として、
前記圧力損失の値を測定した複数個の前記燃料電池セルのそれぞれを、所定の圧力損失の範囲ごとに設定された複数のグループに振り分ける工程と、
それぞれの前記グループごとに振り分けられた、任意の本数の前記燃料電池セルを用いて、前記燃料電池セル群を作製する工程と、
を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のセルスタック装置の作製方法。
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US14/360,654 US9761895B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-09-29 | Cell stack device, fuel cell module, fuel cell device, and method of fabricating cell stack device |
EP12853520.0A EP2787570B1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-09-29 | Method of fabricating fuel cell stack device |
JP2013547022A JP5883028B2 (ja) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-09-29 | セルスタック装置の作製方法 |
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JP2017228481A (ja) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 電気化学反応セルスタック |
JP2019160778A (ja) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックの製造方法 |
JP2020080207A (ja) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックの製造方法 |
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US11309573B2 (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2022-04-19 | Kyocera Corporation | Cell stack device, module, and module housing device |
US11271241B1 (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-08 | Chuni Lal Ghosh | Stackable fuel cell |
CN114937787B (zh) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-01-02 | 上海交通大学内蒙古研究院 | 一种空冷型燃料电池测试系统 |
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