WO2013070674A1 - Compositions de revêtement sensibles à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs, et indication visuelle pour l'humidité - Google Patents

Compositions de revêtement sensibles à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs, et indication visuelle pour l'humidité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013070674A1
WO2013070674A1 PCT/US2012/063821 US2012063821W WO2013070674A1 WO 2013070674 A1 WO2013070674 A1 WO 2013070674A1 US 2012063821 W US2012063821 W US 2012063821W WO 2013070674 A1 WO2013070674 A1 WO 2013070674A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating composition
absorbent article
layer
aqueous medium
absorbent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2012/063821
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Xuedong Song
Original Assignee
Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. filed Critical Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.
Priority to US14/356,547 priority Critical patent/US9889222B2/en
Priority to CN201280054445.7A priority patent/CN103917205B/zh
Priority to RU2014121796A priority patent/RU2614530C2/ru
Priority to MX2014005476A priority patent/MX2014005476A/es
Priority to BR112014011111-1A priority patent/BR112014011111B1/pt
Priority to KR1020147012365A priority patent/KR102009539B1/ko
Priority to AU2012335995A priority patent/AU2012335995B2/en
Priority to EP12848094.4A priority patent/EP2775976B1/fr
Publication of WO2013070674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013070674A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/56—Wetness-indicators or colourants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
    • B41M5/128—Desensitisers; Compositions for fault correction, detection or identification of the layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/496—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers in the form of pants or briefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/50—Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
    • G01N21/81—Indicating humidity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
    • G01N31/222—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators for investigating moisture content
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A61F2013/422—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm the alarm being a colour change
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A61F2013/423—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm the alarm being a volume change or a movement of a component
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B32B2307/4023—Coloured on the layer surface, e.g. ink
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/02—Printing inks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to wetness indicators involving either a visual color changing effect, or an olfactory change in response to the presence of an aqueous-based liquid.
  • the invention relates to chemical compositions for providing such visual or olfactory wetness signals, as well as absorbent articles having such wetness indicators attached thereto or incorporated therein, that communicate to a caregiver or product- user that the article either is ready for immediate changing, or will need to be replaced shortly.
  • Disposable absorbent articles such as infant (baby care) and child care diapers, and training pants; adult incontinence pads, pants and briefs; feminine sanitary products such as pads, napkins, tampons, and liners; wiping products; bed liners and the like, are highly absorbent and efficiently pull moisture away from a surrounding environment.
  • infant baby care
  • child care diapers and training pants
  • adult incontinence pads pants and briefs
  • feminine sanitary products such as pads, napkins, tampons, and liners
  • wiping products bed liners and the like
  • Visual indicator mechanisms have therefore been employed by consumer absorbent product manufacturers for some time, to signal the presence of wetness or a change in condition of the absorbent articles. See for example, JP2000-279442, which describes a color changing ink.
  • a large number of wetness sensing and visual indicator technologies currently exist including electronic-based wetness sensors, ink -based color changing wetness indicators, enzyme or other chemical -based sensors which change appearance upon a change in chemistry within a product, pH change- based indicators, and temperature change-based wetness indicators.
  • Such wetness indicators each typically provide visual or audible indication of article soiling by a color changing, a color disappearing or a color appearing, or by the emission of a sound.
  • Such wetness indicators may simply consist of water soluble inks which disappear upon contact with liquid moisture.
  • color changing ink-based sensing technology has advanced, and is affordable for large scale absorbent article implementation, such technology may not be as effective for certain absorbent article applications in which the physical location of a user and placement of the article prevents the easy checking of a visual sensor.
  • color changing ink-based wetness indicators may easily be used for situations in which a user is confined to a bed or other location looked after by a caregiver, or where the article is readily visible, such as on the exposed diaper of a sleeping or crawling infant or walking toddler
  • such technology offers less advantages for feminine care absorbent articles, or for adult care absorbent articles to be used by active adults, which are not readily visible and for which discretion is of the utmost user concern.
  • Olfactory or fragrance -based wetness indicators have also been described to provide an alternative to visual indication of article soiling.
  • olfactory wetness signals are described in US2009/0221980 to Mosbacher et al. Such reference describes the use of malodorous materials in an absorbent article, as well as the use of volatile esters to provide a pleasant aromatic scent upon the degrading of encapsulation materials or a storage pouch by liquid moisture, the encapsulation or pouch materials being used to contain the volatile fragrance within the absorbent article.
  • Fragrances are also frequently described for general use in absorbent articles to mask the body odors of sweat, urine, menses or bowel movements.
  • fragrance indicators and masking components are often unstable due to their inherent volatility, such as being derived from essential oils.
  • Such chemistry often demonstrates short shelf lives and as a result, presents packaging, manufacturing, and extended use concerns.
  • organopolysiloxane chemistry is often used to impart hydrophobic attributes to products. As such, it poses use challenges within absorbent articles, in that the hydrophobic chemistry significantly impacts aqueous-based liquid flow and absorption pathways.
  • organopolysiloxane chemistry includes large polymer molecules, which are often costly and may be difficult to place in solution. A need therefore exists for a controlled odor masking system that is readily released upon occurrence of a soiling event (not the result of a relatively slow hydrolysis reaction), which does not significantly hinder absorbency pathways, and which is readily soluble.
  • indicator composition systems which offer relatively less interference with absorbency channels in an absorbent article.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a multisensory, aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition, which can be used to coat various portions of an absorbent article for the later purpose of wetness and capacity indication.
  • a coating composition provides both visual and olfactory warning of article soiling and/or impending article leakage.
  • coating provides odor masking upon an article's soiling by aqueous- based bodily fluids such as urine, vaginal secretions, menses, mucous or loose bowel movements, or alternatively from household spills containing liquid water.
  • the composition further includes a visual, color changing wetness indicator, which changes color from a first color to a second color upon a change of condition, wherein the visual, color changing wetness indicator includes at least one of a pH indicator dye and pH adjuster, a thermochromic dye, and a polarity-sensitive dye.
  • the aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition includes at least a pH indicator dye and a pH adjuster as the color changing chemistry.
  • the active ingredient is a fragrance radical group on the betaine ester or betaine ester derivative, derived from a volatile fragrance alcohol, which radical is released from the betaine ester or betaine ester derivative through a hydrolysis reaction upon contact with an aqueous medium.
  • the fragrance radical is derived from the group of fragrances selected from thymol, vanillin, menthol and eugenol.
  • the composition includes at least a pH indicator dye, a pH adjuster, a surfactant, and a binder.
  • the composition is applied to an absorbent article.
  • the composition is applied to an absorbent article which includes at least a topsheet layer, backsheet layer and absorbent core layer between the topsheet layer and backsheet layer, and further wherein the coating composition is applied to at least one of the topsheet layer, backsheet layer and absorbent core layer within the absorbent article.
  • the absorbent article is either a feminine care article, a baby and child care article, an adult incontinence article or an absorbent sheet cleaning article.
  • the coated absorbent article includes at least one peripheral side edge and the coating composition is located adjacent the at least one peripheral side edge.
  • the layers within the absorbent article each include at least one peripheral side edge and the coating composition is applied onto at least one layer at a location that is adjacent a peripheral side edge.
  • the coated absorbent article includes at least a single absorbent core layer , wherein the absorbent core layer includes the coating composition.
  • the coated absorbent article includes an absorbent core layer having a peripheral side edge and the coating composition is applied or affixed to the absorbent core layer at least adjacent the peripheral side edge.
  • the absorbent article and topsheet layer, backsheet layer and absorbent core layer include a central insult deposition zone (in a crotch region) and a peripheral side edge, and the coating composition is deposited to at least one of the central insult deposition zone and the peripheral side edge.
  • a coated absorbent article includes at least a topsheet layer, a backsheet layer and an absorbent core layer, wherein the wetness indicator coating composition is applied to at least one of the topsheet layer, backsheet layer and absorbent core layer.
  • a coated absorbent article includes a peripheral side edge and the wetness indicator coating composition is applied to a portion of the absorbent article adjacent the peripheral side edge.
  • the coated absorbent article includes a topsheet layer, backsheet layer and absorbent core layer, with each layer include at least one peripheral side edge, and the wetness indicating coating composition is applied adjacent to at least one peripheral side edge of either the topsheet layer, backsheet layer or absorbent core layer.
  • the wetness indicator coating composition includes a color changing pH indicator dye, a pH adjuster, and a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative with a functional active derived from a fragrance having at least one hydroxyl group.
  • the coating composition includes a solvent, surfactant and binder.
  • an absorbent article coated with the composition includes at least two separated coating applications.
  • the two separated coating applications are on two different layers within the absorbent article.
  • the coated absorbent article includes longitudinally directed side peripheral edges and front and back end peripheral side edges and the coating composition is applied adjacent at least one of the longitudinally directed side peripheral edges and front and back end peripheral edges.
  • the coating composition is applied adjacent of two longitudinally directed side peripheral edges and the front and back end peripheral edges.
  • an absorbent article in another alternative embodiment of the invention, includes at least one absorbent core layer, wherein the absorbent article includes at least one longitudinally directed side peripheral edge.
  • the absorbent article includes an aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition for triggered release of active ingredients from the absorbent article, with the aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition affixed to the absorbent article adjacent the longitudinally directed side peripheral edge.
  • the coating composition includes a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative including a functional active group; and a color changing visual indicator chemistry, wherein the color changing visual indicator chemistry is selected from at least one of the group of, a pH indicator dye and pH adjuster, a thermochromic dye, and a polarity-sensitive dye.
  • an absorbent article in yet another alternative embodiment of the invention, includes at least a topsheet layer, a backsheet layer and one absorbent core layer.
  • the topsheet layer, absorbent core layer and backsheet layer each include a longitudinally directed side peripheral edge.
  • the absorbent article includes an aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition for triggered release of active ingredients from the absorbent article.
  • the aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition is affixed to the absorbent article adjacent at least one of the longitudinally directed side peripheral edges and includes a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative including a functional active group derived from a fragrance with a hydroxyl group; a color changing visual indicator chemistry, wherein the visual indicator chemistry is selected from at least one of the group selected from a pH indicator dye and pH adjuster, a thermochromic dye and a polarity-sensitive dye.
  • FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of an embodiment of an absorbent article having multisensory wetness-signaling indicators according to the invention, the article in the form of an unfastened diaper.
  • FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the diaper embodiment illustrated in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the diaper embodiment shown in Fig. 1 with the diaper in an unfastened, unfolded and laid flat condition showing the surface of the article that faces away from the wearer (garment facing side).
  • FIG. 4 is a cut-away plan view of an alternative embodiment of the diaper absorbent article shown in Fig. 3, which shows the surface of the article that faces the wearer skin when worn.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an alternative embodiment of an absorbent article of the invention in the form of a feminine hygiene pad, having multisensory wetness indicators shown in various article locations adjacent the article's peripheral side edges, and various layer peripheral side edges.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the feminine hygiene pad of Fig. 5 taken along line 6-6.
  • FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of an alternative embodiment of an absorbent article of the invention in the form of an absorbent sheet with the inventive multisensory, aqueous medium sensitve coating applied thereto.
  • the present invention is directed to a multisensory, aqueous medium- sensitive, coating composition for the triggered release of functional active ingredients in the form of fragrances, and for the provision of visual indication of wetness.
  • the coating composition is for the triggered release of functional active ingredients and visual indicators from absorbent articles.
  • aqueous medium-sensitive coating provides "multisensory" indication of wetness or soiling of the absorbent article through both visual and olfactory indication of wetness of the absorbent article by an aqueous fluid, such as urine, menses, vaginal secretions, mucous, or bowel movements.
  • such coating composition can be used as both a wetness indicator/signal of initial soiling and mask of odor, as well as a capacity indicator, indicating that the absorbent article capacity has been reached or that the article faces imminent leakage.
  • aqueous medium shall mean a medium containing "liquid” water as opposed to water vapor.
  • aqueous medium is exemplified by urine, vaginal fluids, mucous, menses, runny, liquid, or loose bowel movements, as well as household water-containing spills.
  • such absorbent article may be a disposable personal care or consumer hygiene absorbent article.
  • Such personal care article may be for baby (infant) or child care, such as diapers, training pants, bed pads, or wipes for example; for feminine hygiene care, such as sanitary pads, napkins, liners, tampons, or wipes for example; for adult incontinence care, such as undergarment inserts, pants, briefs, bed pads or wipes.
  • such absorbent articles may be for household or personal cleaning or disinfecting, such as the absorbent sheets of tissues, towels or wipes. Additional examples of absorbent articles which may benefit from such coatings include hospital gowns, surgical drapes, and sterilization wraps.
  • such coating chemistry is a singular coating chemical composition, that includes multisensory indicator components in one formula. Such multiple indicator components are multisensory, such that a user is signaled in different ways that soiling has occurred.
  • the coating is applied to an absorbent article as a single composition rather than as muliple compositions applied at different times or in different locations.
  • Such singular coating composition chemistry is used to provide visual wetness indicator functionality as well as odor masking or odor signaling functionality.
  • Such singular coating composition can be applied to one or more separated areas of an absorbent article. In one embodiment, as will later be explained, it is desirable for several separate applications of such coating composition to be physically separate on a single absorbent article, such that they are adjacent various peripheral side edges of an absorbent article or layer within the absorbent article.
  • Such multisensory indicator compositions can be used within disposable absorbent articles, and in particular personal care absorbent articles, to also provide indication of imminent product leakage, such as by particular placement in locations within absorbent articles (or layers within articles) that would contact a liquid medium at a time prior to imminent leakage, such as at or near an article's peripheral side edges.
  • the coating composition would only be activated upon initial soiling at an article's edges, or movement of liquid wetness of an aqueous medium in the article to locations adjacent an article's or article layer's peripheral side edge(s).
  • the olfactory indicator the smell of the released volatile fragrance upon contact with liquid water
  • fragrances are considered functional "active" ingredients.
  • betaine esters with fragrance radicals may be considered active ingredient precursors (or profragrances).
  • the relevant betaine esters are altered with the addition of one or more fragrance -radical groups which, when they are released, become volatile, such as upon a dried coating composition (containing the betaine ester with fragrance radical) coming in contact with an aqueous medium.
  • Such aqueous medium may be of any pH value, for example such as that which may be found in vaginal excretions, urine, runny feces, menses, or other body excretion, such as a nasal discharge, as well as household spills.
  • Such multisensory coating composition includes at least a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative with radical fragrance group, and a color changing dye, desirably a leuco dye, pH changing dye, thermochromic dye, or polarity-sensitive dye.
  • color changing shall refer to the change of a first color to a second color, such as from green to blue or blue to yellow, as opposed to color appearing from a previously non-colored state, or color disappearing to a non-colored state.
  • the coating composition further desirably includes an organic solvent and optionally other components that would enhance the formulation functionality, such as for example, one or more developers (for color enhancement depending on dye or ink type), desensitizers, one or more surfactants, one or more binders, and one or more pH adjusters.
  • Further components and additives may include ink preservatives, and ordinary additional fragrance additives as are well known in the art.
  • Other additives may be used such as to adjust the physical properties of the composition.
  • the composition may contain reagents to adjust the viscosity of the solution, or may include chemicals to improve adhesion of the composition to certain substrate surfaces upon drying or cooling (in the case of a melt coating).
  • the composition may further include chemistry that tailors the coating composition's subsequent wettability on the substrate surface. All of the foregoing components are desirably dissolved together in a volatile organic solvent medium to form a homogeneous solution. In other embodiments, such materials may be combined in a hot melted coating.
  • the betaine ester is an ester of betaine and a volatile fragrance with one or more hydroxyl groups. That is, the (R) group is a radical of a volatile fragrance alcohol with one or more hydroxyl groups. Desirably, the (R) moiety is independently derived from a fragrance alcohol of more than four (4) carbon atoms of synthetic or natural origin; each Rl, R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently is selected from hydrogen, or organic moities such as alkyl, hydroxalkyl, aryl, or aromatic groups, with n > 1, preferably 2 or 3, and ⁇ 4, because the larger the number "n", the less likelihood of rapid hydrolysis (hence the slower the release of fragrance).
  • groups R3-R5 include less than 8 carbon atoms in totality, desirably with any one group (R3, R4 or R5) including between 2-6 carbon atoms.
  • each R3-R5 group is desirably a methyl group.
  • X is a compatible anion.
  • Such (R) fragrance alcohol group component includes components having odiferous properties. It should also be recognized that the larger the value for "n", the more difficult also for the betaine ester to solubilize in water as well as undergo hydrolysis.
  • the betaine ester is too hydrophobic, that is, if it includes large hydrophobic groups in the R3-R5 positions, or is part of a larger hydrophobic structure, the more likely that it will not be water soluble.
  • the betaine ester is not large, (not including an "n" number larger than 4, that it is not part of a larger polymer structure, and not itself bonded as a functional group, to a chain base structure) such that it can be easily solubilized, and not be so hydrophobic in nature that it would be difficult to process, and would impact aqueous liquid flow on a coated substrate.
  • the betaine ester is too large, in that it includes larger groups in its R3-R5 positions, or is part of a larger structure, it has been found that the hydrolysis reaction time is slower.
  • such betaine ester includes only hydrogen or alkyl carbon-based moities in its R1-R5 groups.
  • the functional active ( radical of the fragrance alcohol) of the (R) group is selected from the fragrance group comprising 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (eugenol), 3-(2-bornyloxy)-2-methyl- 1 -propanol, 2-tert-butylcyclohexanol, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, 1-decanol, 9-decen-l-ol, dihydroterpineol, 2,4-dimethyl-4-cyclohexen-l-yl methanol, 2,4-dimethylcyclohexyl methanol, 2,6-dimethyl-2-heptanol, 2,6-dimethyl-4- heptanol, 3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2,4-dimethyl-4,7-methano[lH]inden-5-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- l,6-nonadien-3-ol
  • the fragrance active group (R) on the betaine ester is derived from 2-phenoxyethanol, phenylethylalcohol, geraniol, citronellol, 3-methyl-5- phenyl-1 -pentanol, 2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-l -methanol, linalool, tetrahydrolinalool, 1 ,2-dihydromyrcenol, hydroxycitronellal, farnesol, menthol, eugenol, thymol, vanilin, cis- 3-hexenol, terpineol and mixtures thereof.
  • R groups from volatile fragrance alcohols include, radicals of menthol and thymol, with thymol offering the additional advantage of providing potential antibacterial functionality to the absorbent article on which it is coated. While such fragrance volatiles are actively volatile in their disassociated alcohol state, such volatility is eliminated once their radicals are attached as part of the betaine ester at the (R) location.
  • the "X" anions have no caustic or markedly irritating effect on human or animal skin, and are desirable for use in the coating, for association with the betaine ester.
  • the anions are desirably chosen from the group comprising chloride, bromide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate and hydrogen phosphate.
  • the resulting biproducts are carboxylic acid and a volatile fragrance alcohol ((R-OH) structure ), with the latter released into the article surrounding environment to produce the olfactory signal.
  • the betaine ester with fragrance radical (R) may be further chemically encapsulated by a stimuli-sensitive matrix or shell, so that it is not released inadvertantly, or is released intentionally more slowly, and only upon the presence of a threshhold amount of stimuli, such as a threshhold amount of aqueous medium of a certain pH level.
  • a threshhold amount of stimuli such as a threshhold amount of aqueous medium of a certain pH level.
  • materials for a matrix or shell include, but are not limited to water soluble polymers, pH sensitive polymers, thermogels or a combination thereof as are known in the art.
  • betaine esters In general, betaine esters, their derivatives, and their preparation are known, and as such, the synthesis steps of particular betaine esters with fragrance radical groups will not be further delineated.
  • examples of relatively smaller betaine ester molecules with attached fragrance radicals may be found in US Patent No. 5,958,870 to Declercq et al. and EP0752465 to Struillou , each of which are hereby incorporated by reference thereto in their entirety.
  • such betaine esters can be used with targeted pH color changing dye indicators to create wetness and capacity indicators for specific consumer absorbent products.
  • pH sensitive visual indicators can be employed with such betaine esters in absorbent substrates such that upon soiling by aqueous-based bodily fluids, both visual and olfactory wetness indicators/capacity indicators can be triggered, offering sensitivity to a particular bodily exudate.
  • the pH of vaginal secretions and urine very often differ, and therefore the pH indicator inks used with such betaine esters would differ to correlate with the pH of the respective bodily fluids.
  • the betaine ester or betaine ester derivative with attached fragrance alcohol radical is present in the coating composition in an amount of between about 0.1 and 30 % by weight, alternatively, between about 0.1 to about 20 weight %, further alternatively, between about 1 to 10 weight %, still further alternatively between about 2 and 10 weight %, still further alternatively between about 2 and 5 weight %.
  • weight percentages, and all weight percentages which follow, are based on the total weight of the coating composition.
  • the aqueous medium-sensitive, multisensory coating composition of the present invention desirably includes a nonaqueous liquid solvent or carrier for holding the betaine ester or betaine ester derivative, visual indicator dye and other formulation components, since contact with aqueous liquid will result in the hydrolysis reaction. All the components in the multisensory indicator composition are desirably soluble in the one or more volatile organic solvents, such as solvents used for flexographic and gravure printing.
  • Suitable volatile organic solvents may include, for example, ethanol, methanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, butanone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), benzene and toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, or combinations thereof.
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • benzene and toluene methylene chloride, chloroform, or combinations thereof.
  • the volatile organic solvent evaporates when the multisensory indicator composition is applied to a desired substrate.
  • the volatile organic solvents can be present from about 20 to about 90 weight %; typically between about 25, 30, or 35 to about 60, 70, or 80 weight %, inclusive.
  • the composition will also include an aqueous medium triggerable dye, such that appearance of aqueous medium will trigger either a change in color from a first color to a second color, an appearance of color, where previously there had been none, or the disappearance of a previously present color of the composition.
  • the visual indicator is a color changing dye, that changes from a first color to a second dye.
  • such olfactory indicators may suitably be used without accompanying visual indicators in targeted areas of an absorbent article, such as along an article's or layer's peripheral side edges or within noted distances from the peripheral side edge(s), so as to provide capacity indication .
  • such multisensory indicator composition can be used in a first location on an absorbent article, and the same or different olfactory indicator as is included in the multisensory indicator composition may be used in a second location, closer to the peripheral edge of the article or layer in the article. In this situation, when a different smell is detected (from a different olfactory indicator), the consumer would recognize that article leakage is imminent.
  • Types of dyes for creating the visual change of the visual indicator that are useful in the composition include leuco dyes, pH indicator dyes, thermochromic dyes, as well as polarity-sensitive dyes. Color appearing and disappearing dyes and product designs are described for example, in US Pat. No. 6,307,119 to Cammarota and US Publication 20100030173 to Song et al. ,each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
  • such dye it is desirable for such dye to be a color appearing leuco dye.
  • Leuco dyes are generally referred to as colorless or pale-colored basic dyes, because the dye molecules can acquire two forms, one of which is colorless. It is desirable for such leuco dyes to be used in conjunction with developers.
  • a color-developer used with a leuco dye functions as a Lewis acid, which withdraws electrons from the leuco dye molecule to generate a conjugated system. Hence, the leuco dye appears to manifest color from an originally colorless state.
  • the spiro form of an oxazine is a colorless leuco dye; the conjugated system of the oxazine and another aromatic part of the molecule is separated by an sp3 -hybridized "spiro" carbon.
  • the bond between the spiro carbon and the oxazine interrupts, the ring opens, the spiro carbon achieves sp2 hybridization and becomes planar, the aromatic group rotates, aligns its ⁇ -orbitals with the rest of the molecule, and a conjugated system forms, with the ability to absorb photons of visible light, and therefore appear colorful.
  • the leuco dyes that may be employed can be selected from a variety of dyes including, for example, phthalide leuco dyes, triarylmethane leuco dyes, and fluoran leuco dyes.
  • Examples may include (1) triarylmethane -based dyes, e.g. 3,3-bis(p- dimethylaminophenyl)-6-dimethylaminophthalide, 3,3-bis(p- dimethylaminophenyl)phthalide, 3 -(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-3 -( 1 ,2-dimethylindol-3 - yl)phthalide, 3-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-3-(2-methylindol-3-yl)phthalide, 3,3-bis(l ,2- dimethylindol-3 -yl)-5 -dimethylammophthalide, 3 ,3 -bis( 1 ,2-dimethylindol-3 -yl)-6- dimethylaminophthalide, 3 ,3 -bis(9-ethylcarbazol-3 -yl)-6-dimethylaminophthalide, 3,3- bis(2-phenylindol-3
  • lactam-based dyes e.g., rhodamine-B- anilinolactam, rhodamine-(p-nitroanilino)lactam, rhodamine-(o-chloroanilino)lactam
  • Fluoran-based dyes e.g., 3-dimethylamino-7-methoxyfluoran, 3-diethylamino-6- methoxyfluoran, 3-di-ethylamino-7-methoxyfluoran, 3 -diethylamino-7-chloro fluoran, 3- diethylamino-6-methyl-7-chlorofluoran, 3-di-ethylamino-6,7-dimethylfluoran, 3-(N-ethyl- p-toluidino)-7-methylfluoran, 3 -diethylamino-7-(N-acetyl-N-methylamino)fluoran, fluoran
  • the visual indicator component of the multisensory indicator composition may be color-changing dye such as a pH-sensitive dye/ink employing one or more pH change dyes/chromogens to achieve a desired color changing effect.
  • the particular chromogens employed in the pH-sensitive dye-based ink embodiment are not generally critical, unless the desire is to correlate the pH indicator dye to the presence of a specific bodily fluid.
  • phthalein chromogens constitute one class of suitable pH- sensitive dyes that may be employed in the present disclosure. Phenol Red (i.e., phenolsulfonephthalein), for example, exhibits a transition from yellow to red over the pH range 6.6 to 8.0.
  • Phenol Red turns a bright pink (fuchsia) color.
  • Derivatives of Phenol Red can also be suitable for use in the present disclosure, such as those substituted with chloro, bromo, methyl, sodium carboxylate, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl and amine functional groups.
  • Exemplary substituted Phenol Red compounds include, for instance, Metacresol Purple (meta-cresolsulfonephthalein), Cresol Red (ortho- cresolsulfonephthalein), Pyrocatecol Violet (pyrocatecolsulfonephthalein), Chlorophenol Red (3',3"-dichlorophenolsulfonephthalein), Xylenol Blue (the sodium salt of para- xylenolsulfonephthalein), Xylenol Orange, Mordant Blue 3 (C.I.
  • Bromocresol Green exhibits a transition from yellow to blue over a pH range of about 4 to about 6
  • Bromothymol Blue exhibits a transition from yellow to blue over a pH range of about 6.0 to 7.6
  • Bromophenol Blue exhibits a transition from yellow to violet over a pH range of about 3.0 to 4.6
  • Bromocresol Green exhibits a transition from yellow to blue over a pH range of about 4 to about 6
  • Bromothymol Blue exhibits a transition from yellow to blue over a pH range of about 6.0 to 7.6
  • Bromophenol Blue exhibits a transition from yellow to violet over a pH range of about 3.0 to 4.6
  • Bromocresol Purple exhibits a transition from yellow to violet over a pH of about 5.2 to 6.8.
  • Anthraquinones constitute another suitable class of pH-sensitive dyes for use in the present disclosure.
  • Anthraquinones have the following general structure:
  • the numbers 1-8 shown in the general formula represent a location on the fused ring structure at which substitution of a functional group can occur.
  • Some examples of such functional groups that may be substituted on the fused ring structure include halogen groups (e.g., chlorine or bromine groups), sulfonyl groups (e.g., sulfonic acid salts), alkyl groups, benzyl groups, amino groups (e.g., primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amines), carboxy groups, cyano groups, hydroxy groups, phosphorous groups, etc.
  • chromophores Substitution of the ring structure with a chromophore causes a shift in the absorbance wavelength of the compound.
  • chromophore e.g., hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, etc.
  • Other functional groups such as sulfonic acids, can also be used to render certain types of compounds (e.g., higher molecular weight anthraquinones) water-soluble.
  • Anthraquinones that may be used in the present disclosure, as classified by their "CI” number, include Acid Black 48, Acid Blue 25 (D&C Green No. 5), Acid Blue 40, Acid Blue 41, Acid Blue 45, Acid Blue 80, Acid Blue 129, Acid Green 25, Acid Green 27, Acid Green 41, Acid Violet 43, Mordant Red 11 (Alizarin), Mordant Black 13
  • Alizarin Blue Black B Mordant Red 3 (Alizarin Red S), Mordant Violet 5 (Alizarin Violet 3R), Alizarin Complexone, Natural Red 4 (Carminic Acid), Disperse Blue 1, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse Blue 14, Natural Red 16 (Purpurin), Natural Red 8, Reactive Blue 2 (Procion Blue HB), Reactive Blue 19 (Remazol Brilliant Blue R); Alizarin, Alizarin Yellow R, Alizarin Yellow GG, Alizarin S, Nuclear Fast Red, Quinalizarin, Emodin, amino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone, and so forth.
  • carminic acid exhibits a first transition from orange to red over a pH range of about 3.0 to 5.5 and a second transition from red to purple over a pH range of about 5.5 to 7.0.
  • Ri is an aromatic group
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic groups
  • X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halides, -N0 2 , - NH 2 , aryl groups, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, sulfonate groups, -SO 3 H, -OH, -COH, - COOH, halides, etc.
  • Particular examples of such azo compounds (or derivatives thereof) include Methyl Violet, Methyl Yellow, Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, and Methyl Green.
  • Methyl Yellow undergoes a transition from red to yellow at a pH range of about 2.9 to 4.0
  • Methyl Orange undergoes a transition from red to yellow at a pH range of about 3.1 to 4.4
  • Methyl Red undergoes a transition from red to yellow at a pH range of about 4.2 to 6.3.
  • Still other suitable pH- sensitive chromogens that may be employed include Congo Red, Litmus (azolitmin),
  • thermochromic dyes may e used that are sensitive to temperature changes in the absorbent article and exhibit a color changing effect, brought on by different temperatures from, aqueous medium deposited in the article. Such a temperature change may be brought on by the soiling of the article with urine, menses or bowel movements.
  • Thermochromic dyes or coloring materials for use in the composition include polymers such as polythiophene, and thermochromic liquid crystalline materials. Such dyes/coloring agent materials are available from numerous sources including the H.W. Sands
  • polarity-sensitive dyes for color changing effect may be utilized in the composition.
  • polarity-sensitive dyes include REICHARDT dye, l-ethyl-4- methoxycarbonylpridinium Iodide, 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium)phenolate (1), 4[(l-methyl-4-(lH)-pyridinylidene)-ethylidene]-2,5-cyclohexadien-l-one (2), and 4- [4-(dimethylamino)styryl]- 1 -methylpyridinium iodide.
  • the color changing dyes can be present in the composition from about 0.01 wt.% to about 10 wt.%.
  • the amount of pH change dye can be between about 0.05 or 0.1 wt.% to about 4 or 5 wt.%, or 6 or 7 wt.%; desirably the range is between about 0.5 or 1 wt.% to about 2.5, 3 or 5 wt.%, inclusive. If present, the amount of thermochromic dyes or polarity-sensitive dye present in the composition would be similar to the amounts contemplated for leuco or pH dyes.
  • one or more multisensory compositions having different visual indicators can be placed at different locations within the absorbent article. Each may be placed different distances from a peripheral side edge of the absorbent article or layer within the absorbent article.
  • compositions with leuco dyes it is desirable to include developers.
  • developers include bisphenol A, zinc chloride, zinc salicylate, and phenol resins.
  • color developing materials to be used conjointly with the leuco dyes may include: 4-tert-butylphenol, a-naphthol, ⁇ -naphthol, 4-acetylphenol, 4-tert- octylphenol, 4,4'-sec-butylidenephenol, 4-phenylphenol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol, hydroquinone, 4,4'-cyclohexylidene diphenol, 4,4-dihydroxy diphenylsulfide, 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, hydroquinone monobenzyl ether, 4-hydroxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,4,4'-trihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, dimethyl 4- hydroxyphthalate
  • pH change indicator color changing dyes are used as the basis of a visual color changing wetness indicator in the multisensory indicator composition
  • such composition desirably includes a pH adjuster such that pH is maintained at a certain level prior to exposure to aqueous-based bodily fluids. Upon exposure to such soiling by bodily fluids, the pH of the substrate with coating will change, thereby triggering the color changing effect.
  • the pH adjuster is any molecule or composition that may be used to control the pH of the color changing composition.
  • the pH adjuster may be an acid, a base or a combination of both such as would be found with a buffering composition.
  • the pH adjuster is selected in conjunction with the choice of colorant to be used in the color changing composition.
  • the selected pH adjuster is desirably an acid to make the pH of the color-changing composition acidic. If the color-changing composition includes a colorant that transitions color at a pH higher than 9.5, the selected pH adjuster is desirably a base to make the pH of the color-changing composition basic.
  • suitable acid pH adjusters include organic acids, inorganic acids and polymeric acids; more specifically, examples of such acids include organic acids include glycolic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. Further examples organic acids include polyacrylic acids, polymethacrylic acids and copolymers containing acrylic acids, methacrylic acids or both acrylic acids and methacrylic acids.
  • Suitable basic pH adjusters include organic bases, inorganic bases and polymeric bases; more specifically, examples include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium borate, potassium hydroxide, polymeric amines, dendrimeric amine and 1,3-pentanediamine.
  • the pH adjusters are desirably present between about 1 and 30 weight % of the
  • the homogeneous coating composition solution may contain a binder so that the solution may be used as an ink suitable for printing and that can be air-dried without heating.
  • Binders specifically serve to make the aqueous medium-sensitive, multisensory indicator composition more suitable for printing. Binders also serve to protect the dye molecules responsible for the color changing effect and the betaine ester molecules responsible for the olfactory change, from environmental moisture experienced as humidity. Additionally, binders create stronger adhesion between the composition molecules and the support or substrate onto which the multisensory indicator composition will be disposed. Suitable binders include, but are not limited to compositions that consist of mainly organic soluble polymeric resins such as modified celluloses, polyesters and polyamides. Organic solvent- based varnishes are also suitable binding compositions. Specific desirable binders include nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate and other non-water soluble binders.
  • binders include hydroxyethyl cellulose; methyl cellulose; ethyl cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; polymers soluble in an organic solvent such as polyvinylbutyral, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, styrene resin, and polyester resin.
  • the binders can be present from about 10, 20, 30 or 70 weight %.
  • the indicator composition may require addition of other ingredients to immobilize or make the dye (color agent), or other components adhere more securely to the substrate.
  • the multisensory indicator composition may therefore also contain wettability enhancing agents such as surfactants and/or water-miscible or hydrophilic polymers.
  • the composition may also contain other additives to adjust viscosity, surface tension, or other physical and chemical properties.
  • the substrates can be treated with different materials to modify their surface properties before the deposition of the multisensory indicator composition, to improve the adhesion of the composition.
  • the wettability enhancing agent can be a single surfactant or a mixture of surfactants.
  • the surfactants can be non-ionic, neutral surfactants, or ionic surfactants.
  • the ionic surfactants can be either positively charged or negatively charged.
  • Examples of non- ionic surfactants include alkyl poly(ethylene oxide) such as copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) (commercially called Poloxamers or Poloxamines), alkyl polyglucosides such as octyl glucoside and decyl maltoside, fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cocamide MEA and cocamide DEA.
  • ionic surfactants include anionic (e.g., based on sulfate, sulfonate or carboxylate anions) surfactants such as s (SDS), ammonium lauryl sulfate and other alkyl sulfate salts, Sodium laureth sulfate, also known as sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), Alkyl benzene sulfonate, soaps, or fatty acid salts; and cationic (e.g., based on quaternary ammonium cations) surfactants such as Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) a.k.a.
  • CTAB Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
  • hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and other alkyltrimethylammonium salts Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), Polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA), Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), Benzethonium chloride (BZT); or Zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactants such as Dodecyl betaine, Dodecyl dimethylamine oxide, Cocamidopropyl betaine, Coco ampho glycinate.
  • the wettability enhancing agents may also be hydrophilic molecules.
  • the hydrophilic molecules may also be polymers such as polyethylene glycol and its copolymers.
  • Desirable surfactants include differenct classes depending on the type of indicator system. For example, for color appearing inks, no surfactant is desirable. For color disappearing inks, nonionic or neutral surfactants are desirable. For pH indicator dye-based inks, charged surfactants are desirable, such as cationic surfactants. Desirably, if such surfactants are present in the composition, they are present in an amount of between about 0.1 to 10 weight %.
  • such surfactants are present in the composition in an amount of between about 0.5 to 10 weight %. Alternatively, such surfactants are present in an amount of between about 1 and 5 weight % of the composition. In one embodiment for pH indicator dye -based ink compositions, such surfactants are desirably present in an amount between 0.1 and 10 weight %, alternatively between 0.5 and 5 weight %.
  • Additional coating components that may be employed in the composition include desensitizers, especially for use with leuco dyes. Desirably, if used, the desensitizer of the present disclosure is of low molecular weight.
  • the desensitizer is a zwitterionic molecule having a molecular weight of about 100 to about 800, and high solubility in water and organic solvents.
  • One such desensitizer is a betaine. It may also be desirable to use a zwitterionic molecule having a molecular weight of about 100 to about 500; or in the alternative, about 200 to about 400.
  • Suitable types of betaine include poly sugar betaine C, betaine ester-menthol and betaine hydrochloride.
  • Contemplated zwitterionic molecules include 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl 3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide.
  • the amount of desensitizers are desirably present from about 1 weight % to about 30 weight %, alternatively from about 1 weight % to about 15 weight %. Still in a further alternative embodiment, such desensitizers are desirably present from about 1 weight % to about 25 weight %. Still in a further alternative embodiment, such desensitizers are desirably present from about 1 weight % to about 5 weight %. Still in a further alternative embodiment, such desensitizers are desirably present from about 5 weight % to about 10 weight %, alternatively from between about 5 and 15 weight %, alternatively from between about 5 and 25 weight %.
  • the aqueous medium triggered coating composition of the invention may be applied to an absorbent article, or layer within an absorbent article, by any number of known
  • the coating composition of the present invention may be deposited on a substrate by various surface deposition or printing methods such as flexographic printing, gravure roll printing , stamping, screen print, spraying techniques, dip and squeeze, and digital print methods. Further, the composition may be applied in a melt form and allowed to solidify on a treated substrate.
  • Placement of the multisensory, aqueous medium-sensitive coatings can be on any number of substrates.
  • the substrate sheets can for instance, include nonwoven or woven sheets.
  • Such sheets can include synthetic or natural fibrous materials and combinations thereof, such as for example, extruded spunbond, and meltblown webs, bonded carded web, or other airlaid materials, spun cellulosic, wool or synthetic yarns.
  • Such sheets may further include cellulosic-based dry or wet laid tissue or paper sheets.
  • such substrates may include film sheets, laminates of film and fibrous layers, or laminates of multiple fibrous layers.
  • such substrates may include foams, such as open cell or closed foams.
  • Such substrates/sheets may be placed as layers within absorbent articles, or may themselves serve as the absorbent article, such as as a towel, tissue or wipe.
  • Placement of such multisensory, aqueous medium-sensitive coating composition in an absorbent article may be across the entire article's longitudinal and transverse or lateral (width) dimensions, or layer of an article, or alternatively, may be limited to certain locations within the article, or layer(s) on the article.
  • such chemistry may be placed at a location specifically designed to contact aqueous -based waste, such as a highly probable "soiling area" in an article's or layer's central crotch region.
  • such coating composition may be placed adjacent an absorbent article's peripheral side edge on one or more layers, to serve as an indicator of imminent leakage of waste from an absorbent article.
  • such coating composition is affixed to the absorbent article or at least one layer in the absorbent article, along a longitudinally directed side peripheral edge of the article, or layer respectively.
  • such coating chemistry is placed adjacent either the peripheral side edge of the absorbent article, or adjacent a peripheral side edge of the layer within an absorbent article, as a capacity indicator.
  • Such coatings and coated layers may be used in any number of locations and components within the end product (absorbent article) that can come in contact with aqueous medium, including but not limited to the topsheet layer, backsheet layer (inner surface) or absorbent core layer.
  • the coatings may be positioned in numerous separated locations on an individual layer, or on multiple layers, such as in a central insult deposition zone, or along layer/article peripheral edges. Other interior positioned layers may also be coated with the coating composition.
  • a relatively hydrophobic betaine ester is selected for the composition (or one having relatively hydrophobic R3-R5 groups)
  • peripheral edge shall mean an outermost edge of a layer or article.
  • adjacent shall mean in one embodiment, between about 0 and 5 cm from a peripheral side edge of an absorbent article, or layer within an absorbent article, alternatively between about 0.1 cm and 5 cm from a peripheral side edge.
  • adjacent shall mean between about 0 and 3 cm from a peripheral side edge of an absorbent article or layer within an absorbent article, alternatively between about 0.1 cm and 3 cm from a peripheral side edge.
  • the term adjacent shall mean between about 0 and 2 cm from a peripheral side edge of an absorbent article or layer within an absorbent article, alternatively, between about 0.1 cm and 2 cm from a peripheral side edge.
  • the article or layer peripheral side edge may be either a
  • the placement of the coating on the absorbent article or layer within the absorbent article can be in one embodiment, adjacent any peripheral side edge of the article or layer within the article in order to serve as a desirable capacity indicator.
  • such coating can be placed only along article or layer peripheral side edges (at discrete localized spots) that have propensities to leak, such as the wing or flap areas (as in the case of feminine care absorbent articles), or the leg openings, crotch side areas, or waist opening areas (as in the case of diaper and incontinence -style products).
  • such coating composition can be placed in locations not adjacent a peripheral side edge of the article or layer within an article, so as to provide an immediate indication of soiling (by release of fragrance) and odor masking feature.
  • This may be especially beneficial for a product application in which a consumer has an extreme propensity for irritation on prolonged exposure to liquid moisture, or for a consumer that is particularly interested in maintaining discretion and assurance of their absorbent products not leaking and causing stains.
  • the coating with color changing dye and betaine ester can be applied as either a monochromatic color scheme, bichromic, or in multiple colors, or printed/applied in various shapes and sizes, graphics of patterns or alpha numeric symbols and/or words (such as trademarks or messages), or combinations thereof. Therefore, the release of the fragrant volatile may be used to mask an offensive odor, an aromatic cue that soiling has occurred or that article capacity has been reached or is about to be reached (and that leakage may be imminent).
  • the indicator coating of the present invention can be applied/affixed at multiple separate locations along the article dimensions, each with either different olfactory indicators or visual indicators in the composition, such that different smells or different changes in color released to, or viewed by the consumer, would present a graduated warning system of imminent leakage, each smell or color indicating a different distance from the article or layer peripheral side edge.
  • such multisensory, aqueous medium triggered coating composition be initially in the form of a homogeneous liquid (solution), an emulsion, an ink, a suspension or hot meltable solid and then deposited on a solid substrate, such as for example a film, nonwoven or woven sheet, or aqueous absorbent core layer sheet material.
  • the coating composition includes a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative with functional active, and at least one additional aqueous medium triggerable indicator, for providing a visual indication of an aqueous liquid with such visual indicator being a color changing pH indicator dye with a pH adjuster.
  • the composition may include a betaine ester or betaine ester derivative with functional active, a color changing pH indicator dye, a pH adjuster such as an acid or base, a surfactant, and a binder.
  • the coating composition desirably includes a solvent.
  • such coated polymeric film, woven or nonwoven sheets or laminates thereof are utilized in at least one component/part of a disposable absorbent article.
  • Such coated material may be for example, used as a coated backsheet, topsheet or absorbent core layer component of a disposable absorbent article.
  • such coated material may be employed as a component of a wipe or cleaning absorbent sheet.
  • Such composition can be used to detect wetness in an aqueous medium, or soiling of an article from urine, vaginal secretions, mucous, menses, feces or a household spill. Further, such composition can at the same time also mask odors and provide aesthetic features to an absorbent article. Formulations of the above coatings are demonstrated through the following series of examples.
  • a butanone solution was prepared which contained 20% acetate butyratecellulose (binder), 1% crystal violet lactone (leuco dye), 12% zinc salicylate (developer), 10%> Pluronic P 85 of BASF (wettability agent), 5% sodium decadnoic sulfate (surfactant) and 1% eugenol (not betaine ester).
  • the solution was brushed on a polypropylene outer cover film material and air-dried.
  • the eugenol scent was readily detected continuously by a human nose when approaching the film.
  • the eugenol smell was detected by normal inhalation through the human nose (from the same distance) for about four days under ambient conditions.
  • a butanone solution was prepared which contained 20% acetate butyratecellulose, 1% crystal violet lactone, 12% zinc salicylate, 10%> Pluronic P 85, 5% sodium decadnoic sulfate and 1% eugenol betaine ester.
  • the solution was brushed on a polypropylene outer cover film and air-dried. No smell of eugenol was detected by human nose when approaching the film. When wetted, eugenol smell was readily detected by a human nose. The sample was allowed to remain under ambient conditions for two months; eugenol smell was readily detected by a human nose upon being wetted by water. At the same time, the film color went from blue to colorless after being wetted.
  • Example 3 Example using color changing pH indicator dye.
  • a solution was made by dissolving 10 mg bromocresol green (pH dye), 100 mg citric acid (pH adjuster), 50 mg polyacrylic acid (pH adjuster), 30 mg benzethenium chloride
  • a wetness indicator containing the multisensory coating composition for detecting the presence of an aqueous-based liquid that has penetrated the absorbent article is desirably immobilized or printed on one or more layers of an absorbent article.
  • Such wetness indicator coating composition can be positioned for example on the topsheet layer.
  • the wetness indicator can be positioned on a user facing surface of the topsheet layer, a garment facing surface of the topsheet layer, or impregnated or within the topsheet layer itself.
  • the wetness indicator coating composition can be positioned along the longitudinally directed side edges of the topsheet layer so as to not only provide a visual and aromatic indication of soiling of the article, but also to serve as a warning system to warn a user or caregiver of impending leakage of the article as aqueous medium seeps to the longitudinally directed side edges of such an article.
  • the wetness indicator may be positioned in discrete zones on the topsheet layer, or alternatively across the entire surface of the topsheet layer.
  • the wetness indicator can be positioned along the inside user facing surface of the backsheet layer. As with the previously described topsheet layer, such an indicator may be positioned in discrete zones or across the entire inside, user facing surface of the backsheet layer.
  • the wetness indicator may be positioned on either exterior surface of the absorbent core layer (either the user facing surface or the garment facing surface), or within the absorbent core layer or layers, if such absorbent core includes multiple layers.
  • the indicating composition is desirably visible to a caregiver through the garment facing surface of the backsheet layer of the article.
  • the coating composition along the side edges of an article, similarly, such composition is desirably visible to a user of such articles as feminine care pads and liners.
  • the multisensory, aqueous medium triggered coating composition of the present disclosure can be incorporated into an absorbent article in a variety of different orientations and configurations, so long as the coating composition is capable of receiving aqueous bodily fluids or waste (e.g., urine and/or fecal material) and providing a signal to a user or caregiver regarding the presence or absence of the aqueous liquid.
  • the indicating coating composition can directly be immobilized or printed on a portion of the inner side of a backsheet film layer, a top user- facing side of the topsheet layer, an inner surface of the topsheet layer, or any internal layer surface in communication with liquid, of the article.
  • the coating composition may also be or printed or immobilized on a piece of substrate to make a wetness indicator of different patterns which is sandwiched between the outer cover film and the absorbent core layer of the article, or between other layers of an absorbent article.
  • the coating composition can be visible to the user or caregiver so that a simple, accurate, and rapid indication of wetness can be provided.
  • the visibility can be accomplished in a variety of ways.
  • the absorbent article can include a transparent or transluscent portion (e.g., window, film, etc.) that allows the coating composition to be readily viewed without removal of the absorbent article from the wearer and/or without disassembly of the absorbent article.
  • the coating composition can extend through a hole or aperture in the absorbent article for observation.
  • the coating composition can simply be positioned on a surface of the absorbent article for observation.
  • urine or other aqueous liquid can be directly discharged to a portion of the coating composition, or can be discharged onto a component of the absorbent article into which the coating composition has been integrated.
  • the wetness indicating coating composition on the article desirably shows a strong color in its dry state.
  • the strong color of the indicating coating composition material desirably changes to a second color when in contact with water or aqueous medium. Alternatively, the color becomes week or disappears completely.
  • the aqueous medium can be, for example, bodily fluids or waste, such as mucous, menses, vaginal secretions, urine, feces or household spills.
  • the diaper 120 may or may not be disposable.
  • a diaper chassis as illustrated, can have an hourglass shape in an unfastened configuration. However, other shapes can of course be utilized, such as a generally rectangular shape, a T-shape, or an I-shape.
  • the diaper may include a chassis formed by various components, including an outer cover or backsheet layer, a bodyside liner or topsheet layer, at least one aqueous liquid, absorbent core layer, and an optional surge layer. It should be understood, however, that other layers can also be used in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Likewise, one or more of the layers can also be eliminated in certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the diaper 120 is representatively illustrated in Fig. 1 in a partially fastened condition.
  • the diaper 120 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is also represented in Figs. 3 and 4 in an opened and unfolded state.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating the exterior side of the diaper 120
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the interior side of the diaper 120.
  • the diaper 120 defines a longitudinal direction 148 that extends from the front of the article when worn to the back of the article. Opposite to the longitudinal direction 148 is a lateral (or transverse) direction 149.
  • the diaper 120 defines a pair of longitudinal end regions, otherwise referred to herein as a front end region 122 and a back end region 124, and a center region, otherwise referred to herein as a crotch region 126, extending longitudinally between and interconnecting the front end and back end regions 122, 124.
  • the diaper 120 also defines an inner surface 128 adapted in use (e.g., positioned relative to the other components of the article 120) to be disposed toward the wearer, and an outer surface 130 opposite the inner surface.
  • the front and back regions 122, 124 are those portions of the diaper 120, which when worn, wholly or partially cover or encircle the waist or mid-lower torso of the wearer.
  • the crotch region 126 (central liquid deposition zone) generally is that portion of the diaper 120 which, when worn, is positioned between the legs of the wearer and covers the lower torso and crotch of the wearer.
  • the absorbent article 120 has a pair of laterally opposite side edges 136 and a pair of longitudinally opposite waist edges, respectively designated front waist edge 138 and back waist edge 139.
  • the illustrated diaper 120 includes a chassis 132 that, in this aspect, encompasses the front region 122, the back region 124, and the crotch region 126. Referring to Figs. 3-4, the chassis 132 includes a garment facing backsheet layer 140 and a user facing topsheet layer 142 (Figs. 1 -4) that may be joined to the backsheet layer 140 in a superimposed relation therewith by adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds or other conventional techniques.
  • the user facing topsheet layer 142 can be employed to help isolate the wearer's skin from liquids held in the absorbent core layer 144 .
  • the topsheet layer 142 presents a bodyfacing surface that is typically compliant, soft feeling, and non- irritating to the wearer's skin.
  • the topsheet layer 142 is also often less
  • topsheet layer 142 can be liquid-permeable to permit liquid to readily penetrate through its thickness.
  • Exemplary topsheet layer constructions that contain a nonwoven web are described in US Patent Nos. 5,192,606 to Proxmire, et al.; 5,702,377 to Collier, IV, et al.; 5,931,823 to Stokes, et al.; 6,060,638 to Paul, et al.; and 6,150,002 to Varona, as well as US Patent Application Publication Nos. 2004/0102750 to Jameson; 2005/0054255 to Morman, et al.; and 2005/0059941 to Baldwin, et al., all of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference thereto.
  • the garment facing backsheet layer 140 typically can be formed from a material that is substantially impermeable to liquids.
  • the backsheet layer 140 can be formed from a thin plastic film or other flexible liquid-impermeable material, such as a
  • the backsheet layer 140 is formed from a polyolefm (polyethylene) film having a thickness of from about 0.01 millimeter to about 0.05 millimeter.
  • the film can be impermeable to liquids, but permeable to gases and water vapor (i.e., "breathable"). This permits vapors to escape from the absorbent core layer 144, but still prevents liquid exudates from passing through the backsheet layer 140.
  • the backsheet layer 140 can be formed from a polyolefm film laminated to a nonwoven web.
  • a stretch- thinned filled polyolefmic film can be thermally laminated to a spunbond web of polypropylene fibers.
  • the topsheet layer 142 may suitably be joined to the backsheet layer
  • the topsheet layer 142 may suitably be joined to the backsheet layer 140 to form a pair of side seams 161 in the front region 122 and the back region 124.
  • the topsheet layer 142 can be generally adapted, i.e., positioned relative to the other components of the article 120, to be disposed toward the wearer's skin during wear of the absorbent article 120.
  • the chassis 132 may further include an absorbent core layer structure, or aqueous liquid retaining absorbent core layer 144 particularly shown in Fig. 4 disposed between the backsheet layer 140 and the topsheet layer 142 for absorbing liquid body exudates exuded by the wearer.
  • the diaper can also contain a substantially hydrophilic tissue wrapsheet or extruded nonwoven wrapsheet (not shown), that helps maintain the integrity of a fibrous or superabsorbent structure of the absorbent core layer 144.
  • the tissue wrapsheet is typically placed about the absorbent core layer 144 over at least the two major facing surfaces thereof, and is composed of an absorbent cellulosic material, such as creped wadding or a high wet-strength tissue.
  • the tissue or nonwoven wrapsheet can be configured to provide a wicking layer that helps to rapidly distribute liquid over the mass of absorbent fibers of the absorbent core layer 144.
  • the wrapsheet material on one side of the absorbent fibrous mass can be bonded to the wrapsheet located on the opposite side of the fibrous mass to effectively entrap the absorbent core layer 144.
  • the diaper 120 can also include a ventilation layer (not shown) that is positioned between the absorbent core layer 144 and the backsheet layer 140. When utilized, the ventilation layer can help insulate the backsheet layer 140 from the absorbent core layer 144, thereby reducing dampness in the backsheet layer 140.
  • ventilation layers can include a nonwoven web laminated to a breathable film, such as described in US Patent No. 6,663,611 to Blaney, et al., which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference thereto.
  • the diaper can also include a pair of containment flaps 146 that are configured to provide a barrier and to contain the lateral flow of body exudates.
  • the containment flaps 146 can be located along the laterally opposed side edges of the topsheet layer 142 adjacent the side edges of the absorbent core layer 144.
  • the containment flaps 146 can extend
  • the containment flaps 146 are shorter in length than the absorbent core layer 144, they can be selectively positioned anywhere along the side edges of diaper 120 in a crotch region. In one embodiment, the containment flaps 146 extend along the entire length of the absorbent core layer 144 to better contain the body exudates. Such containment flaps 146 are generally well known to those skilled in the art. For example, suitable constructions and arrangements for the containment flaps 146 are described in US Patent No. 4,704,116 to Enloe, which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference thereto. An illustrated, a pair of
  • containment flaps 146 is shown secured to the topsheet layer 142 for inhibiting the lateral flow of body exudates.
  • the elasticized containment flaps 146 as shown in Fig. 4 define a partially unattached edge which assumes an upright configuration in at least the crotch region 126 of the diaper 120 to form a seal against the wearer's body when in use. As shown, the containment flaps 146 extend longitudinally along the entire length of the chassis 132.
  • the diaper 120 may also suitably include leg elastic members 158 (Fig. 4), as are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the leg elastic members 158 can be operative ly joined to the backsheet layer 140 and/or the topsheet layer 142 and positioned in the crotch region 126 of the absorbent article 120.
  • the leg elastic members 158 can be formed of any suitable elastic material.
  • suitable elastic materials include sheets, strands or ribbons of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or thermoplastic elastomeric polymers.
  • the leg elastic members 158 may include a plurality of dry- spun coalesced multifilament spandex elastomeric threads sold under the trade name LYCRA.
  • the absorbent article 120 may further include a surge management layer
  • a surge management layer helps to decelerate and diffuse surges or gushes of liquid that may be rapidly introduced into the absorbent structure of the article. Desirably, the surge management layer can rapidly accept and temporarily hold the liquid prior to releasing the liquid into storage or retention portions of the absorbent core layer 144 structure. Examples of suitable surge management layers are described in US Patent No. 5,486,166 to Bishop et al. and US Patent No. 5,490,846, to Ellis et al. Other suitable surge management materials are described in US Patent No. 5,820,973, to Dodge III et al. The entire disclosures of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
  • the absorbent article 120 further includes a pair of opposing elastic side panels 134 that are attached to the back region of the chassis 132.
  • the side panels 134 may be stretched around the waist and/or hips of a wearer in order to secure the garment in place.
  • the elastic side panels (or ears) are attached to the chassis along a pair of opposing longitudinal edges 137.
  • the side panels 134 may be attached or bonded to the chassis 132 using any suitable bonding technique.
  • the side panels 134 may be joined to the chassis by adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds, or other conventional techniques.
  • the elastic side panels may also be integrally formed with the chassis 132.
  • the side panels 134 may include an extension of the topsheet layer 142, of the backsheet layer 140, or of both the topsheet layer 142 and the backsheet layer 140.
  • the side panels 134 are connected to the back region of the absorbent article 120 and extend over the front region of the article when securing the article in place on a user. It should be understood, however, that the side panels 134 may alternatively be connected to the front region of the article 120 and extend over the back region when the article is donned.
  • the elastic side panels 134 may be connected by a fastening system 180 to define a 3- dimensional diaper configuration having a waist opening 150 and a pair of leg openings 152.
  • the waist opening 150 of the article 120 is defined by the waist edges 138 and 139 which encircle the waist of the wearer.
  • the side panels are releasably attachable to the front region 122 of the article 120 by the fastening system. It should be understood, however, that in other aspects the side panels 134 may be permanently joined to the chassis 132 at each end. The side panels 134 may be permanently bonded together, for instance, when forming a training pant.
  • the elastic side panels 134 each have a longitudinal outer edge 168, a leg end edge 170 disposed toward the longitudinal center of the diaper 120, and waist end edges 172 disposed toward a longitudinal end of the absorbent article.
  • the leg end edges 170 of the absorbent article 120 may be suitably curved and/or angled relative to the lateral direction 149 to provide a better fit around the wearer's legs.
  • only one of the leg end edges 170 may be curved or angled, such as the leg end edge of the back region 124, or alternatively, neither of the leg end edges may be curved or angled, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig.
  • the outer edges 168 are generally parallel to the longitudinal direction 148 while the waist end edges 172 are generally parallel to the transverse axis 149. It should be understood, however, that in other aspects the outer edges 168 and/or the waist edges 172 may be slanted or curved as desired.
  • the side panels 134 are generally aligned with a waist region 190 of the chassis.
  • the fastening system 180 may include laterally opposite first fastening components 182 adapted for refastenable engagement to corresponding second fastening components 184.
  • first fastening component 182 is located on the elastic side panels 134, while the second fastening component 184 is located on the front region 122 of the chassis 132.
  • a front or outer surface of each of the fastening components 182, 184 includes a plurality of mating or complimentary engaging elements.
  • the engaging elements of the first fastening components 182 are adapted to repeatedly engage and disengage corresponding engaging elements of the second fastening components 184 to releasably secure the article 120 in its three-dimensional configuration.
  • the fastening components 182, 184 may be any refastenable fasteners suitable for absorbent articles, such as adhesive fasteners, cohesive fasteners, mechanical fasteners, or the like.
  • the fastening components include mechanical fastening elements for improved performance. Suitable mechanical fastening elements can be provided by interlocking geometric shaped materials, such as hooks, loops, bulbs, mushrooms, arrowheads, balls on stems, male and female mating components, buckles, snaps, or the like.
  • the first fastening components 182 include hook fasteners and the second fastening components 184 include complementary loop fasteners.
  • the first fastening components 182 may include loop fasteners and the second fastening components 184 may be complementary hook fasteners.
  • the fastening components 182, 184 can be interlocking similar surface fasteners, or adhesive and cohesive fastening elements such as an adhesive fastener and an adhesive-receptive landing zone or material, or the like. Further such fastening components 182 may be combination of hook and loop elements, and adhesives elements.
  • the shape, density and polymer composition of the hooks and loops may be selected to obtain the desired level of engagement between the fastening components 182, 184.
  • the fastening components 182 are attached to the side panels 134 along the edges 168.
  • the fastening components 182 are not elastic or extendable.
  • the fastening components may be integral with the side panels 134.
  • the fastening components may be directly attached to the side panels 134 on a surface thereof.
  • the absorbent article 120 may include various waist elastic members for providing elasticity around the waist opening.
  • the absorbent article 120 can include a front waist elastic member 154 and/or a back waist elastic member 156.
  • the various regions and/or components of the diaper 120 can be assembled together using any known attachment mechanism, such as adhesive, ultrasonic, thermal bonds, etc.
  • Suitable adhesives can include, for instance, hot melt adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, and so forth.
  • the adhesive can be applied as a uniform layer, a patterned layer, a sprayed pattern, or any of separate lines, swirls or dots.
  • the backsheet layer 140 and topsheet layer 142 are assembled to each other and the absorbent core layer 144 using an adhesive.
  • the absorbent core layer 144 can be connected to the backsheet layer 140 using conventional fasteners, such as buttons, hook and loop type fasteners, adhesive tape fasteners, and so forth.
  • diaper components such as the leg elastic members, waist elastic members and fasteners, can also be assembled into the diaper 120 using any attachment mechanism.
  • multisensory wetness indicators of the inventive coating compositions 200, 202 are affixed on the diaper 120 inside surface (user facing surface) of the backsheet layer 140, between the absorbent core layer 144 and the backsheet layer 140, along the central crotch region longitudinal direction 148 of the article.
  • Such longitudinally directed stripes of the coating composition terminate in horizontal (laterally directed) portions 204 and 206 such that if the absorbent article is being worn, such wetness indicator can be seen in the waist area of the worn diaper, while such diaper is being worn, and assuming that such soiling has spread to the waist area. Further, if the product is soiled, such indicator will be visually seen along multiple directions. As can be seen in Fig.
  • such wetness indicators 200, 202 may alternatively consist of discontinuous dashes rather than continuous lines running from the front end to the back end of the diaper 120.
  • such indicators may be affixed to the inside surface of the backsheet layer, adjacent the peripheral longitudinally directed side edges near the leg openings, or adjacent the peripheral lateral side edges near the waist opening.
  • such indicators may be affixed adjacent opposite side edges 136 and/or the pair of longitudinally opposite waist edges, respectively designated by 138 and 139. In such an instance, if wetness is deposited in these areas, or migrates to these areas, a scent will be released indicating imminent leakage.
  • such coating composition may alternatively be positioned adjacent peripheral side edges of one or more of the topsheet layer, the absorbent core layer, or any other interior diaper layer (on either the user facing side surfaces or garment facing side surfaces, or multiple surfaces).
  • the coating composition can also be placed on or within multiple layers.
  • a feminine care pad 250 is illustrated.
  • the feminine care pad 250 includes a topsheet layer 310 having an embossing pattern in the shapes of arcs 316 and a racetrack design, an absorbent core layer 340 having an embossing pattern in the shapes of zigzags or waves 342, and a backsheet layer 350.
  • the topsheet layer 310 includes an upper user-facing surface 312 and a lower garment facing surface 314.
  • a sealing area 313 seals the topsheet layer 310 to the backsheet layer 350.
  • the topsheet layer 310 includes front and back ends 300 having peripheral side edges, and longitudinally directed side peripheral edges 311.
  • the coating composition of the invention is affixed in one embodiment to the inside garment facing surface 314 of the topsheet layer 310 shown in lines 400, adjacent the longitudinally directed side peripheral edges 311 of the topsheet layer 310.
  • such coating composition could just as easily been affixed in similar positions along the user facing surface 312 of the topsheet layer 310.
  • Further inventive coating composition is optionally affixed to the inside garment facing surface of the topsheet layer 314, in arcs 410 adjacent the peripheral front and rear end 300 edges of the topsheet layer 310.
  • additional wetness indicators 400, 410 of the inventive composition are optionally also positioned along the inside user facing surface 354 of the backsheet layer 350, adjacent the longitudinally directed backsheet peripheral side edges 351.
  • the backsheet layer 350 includes an inside user facing surface
  • the indicator composition may not be visible through the backsheet garment facing surface 352, so as to avoid being seen through a user's undergarment inadvertently.
  • the wetness indicators having the coating composition of the invention 400 are affixed within the pad 250 adjacent the pad peripheral longitudinal side edges 402.
  • Such inventive coating compositions are positioned adjacent the longitudinally directed side peripheral edges 311, 351, separated from the longitudinally directed side peripheral edges by a distance "D", which is desirably in one embodiment, less than or equal to 5 cm, alternatively between about 0.1 cm and 5 cm.
  • a perspective view of a further absorbent article coated with the coating of the invention is shown.
  • a coated cellulosic-based towel 500 is illustrated having the coating composition 510 printed along the central, liquid absorbing portion of the towel, with uncoated portions 520 along the towel periphery.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un article absorbant comprenant une couche de feuille supérieure, une couche de feuille arrière et une couche de cœur absorbant. La couche de feuille supérieure, la couche de cœur absorbant et la couche de feuille arrière comprennent chacune une bordure périphérique latérale dirigée longitudinalement. L'article absorbant comprend en outre une composition de revêtement sensible à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs à partir de l'article absorbant. La composition de revêtement sensible à un milieu aqueux est fixée à l'article absorbant au voisinage d'une bordure périphérique latérale dirigée longitudinalement. La composition de revêtement comprend un ester de bétaïne ou un dérivé d'ester de bétaïne ayant un groupe actif fonctionnel issu d'un parfum ayant un groupe hydroxyle, une chimie d'indicateur visuel de changement de couleur, où la chimie d'indicateur visuel est choisie parmi au moins l'un du groupe constitué par un colorant indicateur de pH et un agent d'ajustement de pH, un colorant thermochrome et un colorant sensible à la polarité.
PCT/US2012/063821 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Compositions de revêtement sensibles à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs, et indication visuelle pour l'humidité WO2013070674A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/356,547 US9889222B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Aqueous medium-sensitive coating compositions for triggered release of active ingredients and visual indication for wetness
CN201280054445.7A CN103917205B (zh) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 用于活性成分的触发释放和湿度的视觉指示的水性介质敏感性涂层组合物
RU2014121796A RU2614530C2 (ru) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Чувствительные к воздействию водной среды композиции покрытия для инициируемого высвобождения активных ингредиентов и визуальной индикации влажности
MX2014005476A MX2014005476A (es) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Composiciones de revestimiento sensibles al medio acuoso para la liberacion activada de ingredientes activos e indicacion visual de la humedad.
BR112014011111-1A BR112014011111B1 (pt) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 composição de revestimento sensível ao meio aquoso, e, artigo absorvente
KR1020147012365A KR102009539B1 (ko) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 활성 성분의 트리거 방출 및 젖음에 대한 시각적 표시를 위한 수성 매질-민감성 코팅 조성물
AU2012335995A AU2012335995B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Aqueous medium-sensitive coating compositions for triggered release of active ingredients and visual indication for wetness
EP12848094.4A EP2775976B1 (fr) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Compositions de revêtement sensibles à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs, et indication visuelle pour l'humidité

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/292,612 US8791045B2 (en) 2011-11-09 2011-11-09 Non-tacky wetness indicator composition for application on a polymeric substrate
US13/292,612 2011-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013070674A1 true WO2013070674A1 (fr) 2013-05-16

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PCT/IB2012/055106 WO2013068859A1 (fr) 2011-11-09 2012-09-25 Composition d'indicateur d'humidité non collante pour l'application sur un substrat polymère
PCT/US2012/063821 WO2013070674A1 (fr) 2011-11-09 2012-11-07 Compositions de revêtement sensibles à un milieu aqueux pour une libération déclenchée de principes actifs, et indication visuelle pour l'humidité

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PCT/IB2012/055106 WO2013068859A1 (fr) 2011-11-09 2012-09-25 Composition d'indicateur d'humidité non collante pour l'application sur un substrat polymère

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US (1) US8791045B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2782537B1 (fr)
KR (2) KR101491563B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN103917209B (fr)
AU (2) AU2012335289B2 (fr)
BR (2) BR112014011068B1 (fr)
MX (2) MX2014005553A (fr)
RU (2) RU2613781C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2013068859A1 (fr)

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EP2775976A4 (fr) 2015-07-08
EP2775976B1 (fr) 2018-05-30
KR101491563B1 (ko) 2015-02-11
EP2782537B1 (fr) 2018-11-07
AU2012335995A1 (en) 2014-05-08
RU2014121797A (ru) 2015-12-20
MX2014005476A (es) 2014-08-21
RU2014121796A (ru) 2015-12-20
AU2012335289A1 (en) 2014-05-08
RU2613781C2 (ru) 2017-03-21
BR112014011068A8 (pt) 2017-06-20
AU2012335995B2 (en) 2016-11-03
RU2614530C2 (ru) 2017-03-28
KR20140090621A (ko) 2014-07-17
CN103917209B (zh) 2016-04-13
EP2775976A1 (fr) 2014-09-17
EP2782537A1 (fr) 2014-10-01
US20130116644A1 (en) 2013-05-09
BR112014011068B1 (pt) 2021-06-29
BR112014011111A2 (pt) 2017-05-16
BR112014011068A2 (pt) 2020-01-14
BR112014011111B1 (pt) 2021-01-12
CN103917205B (zh) 2016-12-14
US8791045B2 (en) 2014-07-29
AU2012335289B2 (en) 2015-02-05
WO2013068859A1 (fr) 2013-05-16
KR20140097155A (ko) 2014-08-06
MX2014005553A (es) 2014-05-30
CN103917209A (zh) 2014-07-09
EP2782537A4 (fr) 2015-08-19
KR102009539B1 (ko) 2019-08-09
CN103917205A (zh) 2014-07-09

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