WO2013067930A1 - 电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法 - Google Patents

电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013067930A1
WO2013067930A1 PCT/CN2012/084208 CN2012084208W WO2013067930A1 WO 2013067930 A1 WO2013067930 A1 WO 2013067930A1 CN 2012084208 W CN2012084208 W CN 2012084208W WO 2013067930 A1 WO2013067930 A1 WO 2013067930A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
unit
battery
abnormality detecting
abnormal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/084208
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
温崇维
Original Assignee
台湾立凯绿能移动股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 台湾立凯绿能移动股份有限公司 filed Critical 台湾立凯绿能移动股份有限公司
Priority to CA2854678A priority Critical patent/CA2854678C/en
Priority to US14/356,560 priority patent/US9248746B2/en
Priority to JP2014540305A priority patent/JP2015504570A/ja
Priority to KR1020147015406A priority patent/KR101602713B1/ko
Priority to CN201280054258.9A priority patent/CN104054230A/zh
Priority to EP12847415.2A priority patent/EP2779353A4/en
Priority to RU2014118193/07A priority patent/RU2570567C1/ru
Priority to IN863MUN2014 priority patent/IN2014MN00863A/en
Publication of WO2013067930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013067930A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery module abnormality detecting system and a detecting method thereof, and more particularly to a battery module abnormality detecting system suitable for an electric vehicle and a detecting method thereof. Background technique
  • the most representative product in the green energy industry is electric vehicles.
  • the spontaneous combustion of electric vehicles often occurs, and the battery modules of existing electric vehicles are fixed on the vehicle body, when the battery modules are abnormal. Or spontaneous combustion can only reduce the damage by the fire extinguisher in the car. In the event of a fire, the fire can only be extinguished in the effective internal space. If the harmful factors cannot be eliminated and the fire extinguishing system cannot be completely destroyed, the fire will expand the disaster and will harm the passengers. The safety of the people has led to distrust and uneasiness in the electric vehicles.
  • the cause of spontaneous combustion is usually caused by batteries. Since the batteries will generate heat during the discharge process, there are many factors that may occur during the driving of electric vehicles. It causes abnormal discharge or short circuit. Although many R&D personnel actively change the battery module or composition, the current technology cannot effectively change the battery discharge, which will generate heat.
  • the present invention provides a battery module abnormality detecting system and a detecting method thereof, which solve the problem that the prior art is prone to spontaneous combustion due to abnormal battery discharge or short circuit, and endangers passenger safety. , and the battery is easy to self-ignite will increase the lack of battery production costs.
  • a broader embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module abnormality detecting system, which is applicable to an electric vehicle, and includes at least: a power supply unit; a display unit connected to the power supply unit; and a battery module Providing a main power source for the electric vehicle; a safety protection unit connected to the battery module and the power supply unit; a detection unit connected to the battery module and the power supply unit, detecting the battery module, and At least one feedback signal is generated when the battery module operates abnormally; a control unit, the detecting unit, the power supply unit, the display unit, and The security protection unit is connected to receive the at least one feedback signal, and compare the at least one feedback signal with at least one default value to generate an abnormal level signal to the display unit and the security protection unit, so that the security The protection unit controls the operation of the battery module according to the abnormal level signal, and the display unit displays an abnormal warning message according to the abnormal level signal.
  • a battery module abnormality detecting method which is applicable to an electric vehicle, which includes a battery module, a display unit, and a security protection unit, including at least The following steps are as follows: (a) detecting the battery module, and generating at least one feedback signal when the battery module operates abnormally;
  • the invention can perform corresponding processing when detecting that the battery module has an abnormal state, so as to avoid damage and loss expansion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a battery module abnormality detecting system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a flow chart of a battery module abnormality detecting method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a flow chart showing strain processing when the first stage abnormality occurs in the battery module shown in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 2C is a flow chart showing the strain processing when the second stage abnormality occurs in the battery module shown in Fig. 1.
  • 2D is a flow chart showing the strain processing when the battery module shown in FIG. 1 has a third-order abnormality.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a battery abnormality detecting system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery module abnormality detecting system 1 of the present invention is applicable to an electric vehicle, and mainly includes a battery module 11 and a detecting unit.
  • the battery module 11 is a replacement battery And disposed inside a battery box (not shown), mainly providing the main power required for the operation of the electric vehicle, and the power supply unit 14 is an independent power source, which can be, for example, 12V, 24V or standby power, and can be but not
  • the invention is limited to a lead storage battery, which is connected to the detecting unit 12, the control unit 13, the display unit 15, and the security protection unit 16, and is configured to provide the detecting unit 12, the control unit 13, the display unit 15, and the security protection unit 16 for operation.
  • the power supply can maintain the battery module abnormality detecting system 1 continuously when the battery module 11 is abnormal.
  • the display unit 15 is connected to the power supply unit 14 and the control unit 13.
  • an abnormal warning message is displayed in response to the abnormality level signal generated by the control unit 14 to inform the electric vehicle driver and indicate Subsequent contingency measures.
  • the input unit 18 can be used to input at least one default value in advance, and the at least one default value is stored in the storage unit 19, and the at least one default value can be the default working temperature of the battery module 11 or the default working current, the battery box The default internal smoke concentration and the default temperature inside the battery compartment.
  • the alarm transmission device 17 is connected to the control unit 13 and the power supply unit 14.
  • the safety protection unit 16 of the present invention is connected to the battery module 11 and the power supply unit 14 and may include a fire protection device 161 and an exit device 162.
  • the fire protection device 161 is disposed in the battery box and is connected to the power supply unit 14 and the control unit.
  • the unit 13 is connected, and the exit device 162 is connected to the power supply unit 14 and the control unit 13.
  • the detecting unit 12 of the present invention is connected to the battery module 11 and the power supply unit 14, and detects the battery module 11, and generates at least one feedback signal when the battery module 11 operates abnormally.
  • the detecting unit 12 can include a smoke detecting device 121, a temperature detecting device 122, and a battery management unit 123.
  • the battery management unit 123 is connected to the battery module 11 and the control unit 13, and the detecting unit 12
  • the operating temperature or the operating current of the battery module 11 is measured, and when the operating temperature of the battery module 11 or the operating current is abnormal, a feedback signal is generated to the control unit 13, for example: when the battery management unit 123 detects the internal When the circuit detects that the operating temperature of the battery module 11 has reached 90 degrees, a feedback signal is generated to the control unit 13 for the abnormal phenomenon.
  • the smoke detecting device 121 is connected to the battery module 11, the power supply unit 14, and the control unit 13, and detects the concentration of smoke inside the battery case for setting the battery module 11, and when it is detected that the inside of the battery box does have smoke, A feedback signal is generated for the abnormal phenomenon to the control unit 13.
  • the temperature detecting device 122 can be, but is not limited to, an infrared sensor, which is also connected to the battery module 11, the power supply unit 14, and the control unit 13, for detecting the temperature inside the battery box, and detecting When the abnormal temperature inside the battery box is detected, a feedback signal is generated to the control unit 13 for the abnormal phenomenon, for example: when the temperature detecting device 122 detects that the temperature in the battery box has reached 85 degrees and lasts for more than 5 seconds. Then, a feedback signal is generated for the abnormal phenomenon to the control unit 13.
  • the control unit 13 of the present invention is connected to the detecting unit 12 , the power supply unit 14 , the display unit 15 , and the security protection unit 16 , and receives the smoke detecting device 121 and the temperature detecting device 122 of the detecting unit 12 and At least one feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123, and comparing the at least one feedback signal with at least one default value to generate an abnormality level signal, that is, the number of feedback signals received by the control unit 13 according to The abnormality level to which the current battery module 11 belongs is determined by comparing the feedback signal with the corresponding default value, and the subsequent control unit 13 transmits the abnormality level signal to the display unit 15, the security protection unit 16, and the alarm transmission device 17,
  • the security protection unit 16 controls the operation of the battery module 11 according to the abnormal level signal
  • the display unit 15 displays an abnormal warning information according to the abnormal level signal to inform the electric vehicle driver and instruct the subsequent strain items.
  • the alarm transmission device 17 transmits the abnormal level signal by wireless transmission.
  • the battery module abnormality detecting system 1 of the present invention divides the abnormality level into a first-level abnormality, a second-level abnormality, and a third-level abnormality, but the hierarchical aspect that can be implemented in the present case is not limited thereto. Can be differentiated according to actual needs.
  • the control unit 13 receives the feedback signals output by the smoke detecting device 121, the temperature detecting device 122, and the battery management unit 123, and the feedback signal output by the smoke detecting device 121 and the smoke concentration stored in the storage unit 19
  • the default value is compared, the feedback signal outputted by the temperature detecting device 122 is compared with the default temperature stored in the battery case inside the storage unit 19, and the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 is stored in the storage.
  • the default working temperature inside the unit 19 or the default working current is compared.
  • the control unit 13 drives the fire-fighting device 161 of the safety protection unit 16 to extinguish the battery module that has spontaneously ignited, and drives the exit device.
  • 162 partially withdraws the battery module 11 from the battery box, so that the battery module 11 and The battery unit is powered off, and the display unit 15 displays an abnormal warning message for the first level abnormality to inform the electric vehicle driver and indicates the subsequent strain mode.
  • the alarm transmission device 17 will generate the first stage in wireless transmission mode. An abnormal event is reported to the electric vehicle management center.
  • the control unit 13 When the control unit 13 receives the feedback signals output by the smoke detecting device 121 and the battery management unit 123, and compares the feedback signal output by the smoke detecting device 121 with the default value of the smoke concentration stored in the storage unit 19, And comparing the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 with the default operating temperature or the default operating current stored in the storage unit 19, when the comparison result indicates that the battery box has smoke and the operating voltage of the battery module 11 Or the operating current also exceeds the default value, that is, the second level abnormality occurs, and the control unit 13 will drive the display unit 15 to display an abnormal warning message according to the second level abnormality to inform the electric vehicle driver and indicate the subsequent strain mode, the driver Manually opening the battery box to detect the battery module 11, and determining whether to activate the fire-fighting device 161 and the exit device 162 according to the detection result.
  • the alarm transmission device 17 notifies the electric vehicle management of the occurrence of the second-level abnormality by wireless transmission. center.
  • control unit 13 When the control unit 13 receives only the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123, and compares the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 with the default operating temperature or the default operating current stored in the storage unit 19, If the result indicates that the operating voltage or operating current of the battery module 11 exceeds the default value, that is, the third-level abnormality occurs, the control unit 13 will drive the display unit 15 to display an abnormal warning message in response to the third-level abnormality to inform the electric vehicle driver and Instructing the subsequent strain mode, the driver manually opens the battery box to detect the battery module 11, and the alarm transmission device 17 notifies the electric vehicle management center of the occurrence of the third-order abnormality by wireless transmission.
  • FIG. 2A is a flowchart of a battery module abnormality detecting method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery module abnormality detecting method of the embodiment includes the following steps: , detecting the battery module At block 11, when the battery module 11 is abnormally operating, at least one feedback signal is generated, that is, the operating temperature or the operating current of the battery module 11 is detected by the battery management unit 123, and the operating temperature of the battery module 11 is detected.
  • a feedback signal is generated to the control unit 13, for example, when the detecting circuit inside the battery management unit 123 detects that the operating temperature of the battery module 11 has reached 90 degrees, a phenomenon is generated for the abnormal phenomenon.
  • the feedback signal is sent to the control unit 13 to detect the smoke concentration inside the battery box through the smoke detecting device 121, and when it is detected that the inside of the battery box does have smoke, a feedback signal is generated to the control unit 13 for the abnormal phenomenon.
  • detecting the temperature inside the battery box by the temperature detecting device 122, and detecting a temperature abnormality inside the battery box generating a feedback signal to the control unit 13 for the abnormal phenomenon, for example: when the temperature detecting device 122 When it is detected that the temperature in the battery box has reached 85 degrees and lasts for more than 5 seconds, a feedback signal is generated for the abnormal phenomenon to the control. Element 13 (as shown in step S21).
  • control unit 13 is reconnected to the smoke detecting device 121, the temperature detecting device 122, and the battery management unit 123, and requests to retransmit the feedback signal to confirm the feedback signal again.
  • control unit The system receives the feedback signals transmitted by the smoke detecting device 121, the temperature detecting device 122, and the battery management unit 123.
  • the control unit 13 can confirm receipt of the three feedback signals; in step S21, the control unit 13 receives the feedback signals transmitted by the smoke detecting device 121 and the battery management unit 123, if the smoke detection in step S22 When the measuring device 121 and the battery management unit 123 return the same feedback signal and the feedback signal output by the temperature detecting device 122 is not received, the control unit 13 can confirm that two feedback signals are received; in step S21, the control unit 13 Receiving only the feedback signal transmitted by the battery management unit 123, if the battery is in step S22 The processing unit 123 returns the same feedback signal and the feedback signal output by the smoke detecting device 121 and the temperature detecting device 122 is not received, and the control unit 13 can confirm that one feedback signal is received; (step S22) Shown).
  • the control unit 13 compares the received feedback signal with its corresponding default value to generate an abnormal level signal (as shown in step S23), and the control unit 13 receives the smoke detecting device 121.
  • the feedback signal output by the device 122 is compared with the default temperature stored inside the battery case inside the storage unit 19, and the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 and the default operating temperature stored in the storage unit 19 or the default.
  • the working current is compared.
  • the control unit 13 receives the feedback signals output by the smoke detecting device 121 and the battery management unit 123, And comparing the feedback signal output by the smoke detecting device 121 with the default value of the smoke concentration stored in the storage unit 19, and the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 and the default operating temperature stored in the storage unit 19 Or the default working current is compared.
  • the comparison result indicates that there is smoke in the battery box and the operating voltage or operating current of the battery module 11 exceeds the default value, it means that the second level abnormality occurs;
  • control unit 13 When the control unit 13 receives only the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123, and compares the feedback signal output by the battery management unit 123 with the default operating temperature or the default operating current stored in the storage unit 19, The result indicates that the operating voltage or operating current of the battery module 11 exceeds the default value, that is, a third-level abnormality occurs.
  • the control unit 13 After determining the level of abnormality of the battery module 11, the control unit 13 displays the abnormality warning information according to the abnormal level determined by the drive display unit 15 to inform the electric vehicle driver and indicate the subsequent strain mode, for example, instructing the driver to immediately
  • the electric vehicle is parked at a roadside or a safe place (as shown in step S24), and then the corresponding strain processing is performed according to the abnormality level determined by the control unit 13 (as shown in step S25).
  • the battery module abnormality detecting system 1 of the present invention classifies the abnormality level into a first-level abnormality, a second-level abnormality, and a third-level abnormality.
  • the following is a strain processing step corresponding to the occurrence of each level of abnormality, as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the alarm transmission device 17 notifies the electric vehicle management center of the occurrence of the first-level abnormality by wireless transmission, so that the electric vehicle management center can send the maintenance personnel to the site for inspection and processing (as shown in step S2511), and subsequently, the control unit 13
  • the fire-fighting device 161 that automatically drives the safety protection unit 16 extinguishes the battery module that has spontaneously ignited (as shown in step S2512), and the control unit 13 will automatically drive the device 162 to open the battery box and the battery module 11 Exit the battery box to power off the battery module 11 and the battery box (as in step S2513). ), The follow-up to wait for service personnel to the scene to carry out maintenance and treatment.
  • the control unit 13 can set the countdown of the seconds to display the remaining time of turning off the battery module 11, driving the fire-fighting device 161, and driving the exit device 162, for example, a display method of a countdown of 5 seconds, so that the driver can It can be known that the situation will be faced later. If the battery module 11 has been closed by the control unit 13, and the driver cannot stop in real time, the remaining residual speed can be used to stop the roadside, or the current common standby power supply is temporarily supplied to the motor of the electric vehicle. system.
  • FIG. 2C is a flow chart of strain processing when the battery module shown in FIG. 1 has a second-level abnormality.
  • the control unit 13 will automatically drive the alarm transmission.
  • the device 17 notifies the electric vehicle management center of the occurrence of the first-level abnormality by wireless transmission, so that the electric vehicle management center can send out
  • the maintenance personnel goes to the site for maintenance and treatment (as shown in step S2521).
  • the driver evacuates the people to a safe place according to the contingency measures displayed by the display unit 15 (as shown in step S2522), and then the driver manually turns on the battery.
  • the box determines whether the battery module 11 is self-igniting (as shown in step S2523). When the determination result is no, it indicates that the battery module 11 does not spontaneously ignite, the battery module 11 may be malfunctioning, and the driver will manually drive the device 162 to The battery box is opened and the battery module 11 is partially removed from the battery box to disconnect the battery module 11 from the battery box. For example, the exit device 162 removes 1/4 of the battery module 11 out of the battery box, so that the battery module 11 is electrically connected to the battery module 11. The contacts inside the vehicle are separated, and the battery module 11 and the battery box are powered off (as shown in step S2524), and then the maintenance personnel are waiting for the maintenance and processing to be performed on the site (as shown in step S2525).
  • the driver will manually drive the fire protection device 161 of the safety protection unit 16 to extinguish the battery module that has spontaneously ignited (as shown in step S2526), and The driver manually drives the exit device 162 to open the battery box and partially withdraw the battery module 11 from the battery box, so that the battery module 11 and the battery box are powered off (as shown in step S2527), and then wait for the maintenance personnel to go to the site for maintenance and Processing (as shown in step S2525).
  • FIG. 2D is a flow chart of strain processing when the battery module shown in FIG. 1 generates a third-level abnormality.
  • the control unit 13 will automatically drive the alarm transmission.
  • the device 17 notifies the electric vehicle management center of the occurrence of the third-level abnormality by wireless transmission, so that the electric vehicle management center can send the maintenance personnel to the site for maintenance and processing (as shown in step S2531), and subsequently, the driver according to the display unit
  • the contingency measures shown in 15 evacuate the population to a safe place (as shown in step S2532). Then, the driver manually opens the battery box and checks it (as shown in step S2533).
  • the driver determines whether the problem can be eliminated by himself (such as steps). S2534), when the judgment result is no, that is, the driver can not eliminate the problem by himself, wait for the maintenance personnel to go to the site for inspection and treatment (as shown in step S2535), otherwise, when the judgment result is yes, the driver himself Troubleshoot the problem and return to the system, and drive the electric vehicle to the maintenance site. Repair confirmation (as shown in step S2536).
  • the battery module anomaly detection method in this case distinguishes the abnormal level into the first level abnormality, the second level abnormality, and the third level abnormality.
  • the purpose of each class is to protect the passengers and reduce the loss.
  • the driving can be notified in advance.
  • the early warning display detects that the battery module 11 is abnormal, and can reduce the loss early; when the second level abnormality occurs, the battery module 11 can usually be saved, because the current battery module 11 is expensive, if it can be found early or The early disposal action can save the battery module 11 and reduce the loss; when the first-level abnormality occurs, the battery module 11 usually has spontaneous combustion phenomenon, in order to protect the passengers on the vehicle and maintain the electric vehicle or the high-priced motor system, It is necessary to sacrifice the battery module 11 to avoid damage and loss expansion.
  • the battery module abnormality detecting system and the detecting method thereof of the present invention can be applied to a safety system of an electric vehicle, and can be applied to a series and parallel battery modules.
  • the battery module abnormality detecting system and the detecting method thereof are provided by the detecting unit to detect the battery module and generate at least one feedback signal when the battery module operates abnormally, so that the control unit can Comparing at least one feedback signal with at least one default value to generate an abnormal level signal to the display unit and the security protection unit, so that the security protection unit controls the operation of the battery module according to the abnormal level signal, and the display
  • the unit displays an abnormal warning message according to the abnormal level signal to solve the problem that the prior art is harmful to the passenger due to self-ignition of the battery module, and the battery production cost is improved due to the easy self-ignition of the battery, and the abnormality of the battery module can be detected.
  • Correspondence processing is performed to avoid damage and loss expansion. Therefore, the battery module anomaly detection system and the detection method thereof in this case have great industrial utilization value, and apply according to law.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法，适用于一电动车辆，包含：供电单元；显示单元，与供电单元连接；电池模块；安全防护单元，与电池模块及供电单元连接；侦测单元，与电池模块及供电单元连接，侦测电池模块，于电池模块异常运作时，产生至少一反馈信号；控制单元，与侦测单元、供电单元、显示单元以及安全防护单元连接，接收该至少一反馈信号，并将至少一反馈信号与至少一默认值进行比对，以产生一异常等级信号，使安全防护单元因应该异常等级信号控制电池模块的运作，以及显示单元因应该异常等级信号显示一异常警示信息。本发明可于侦测到电池模块有异常状态时进行对应处理，以避免伤害及损失扩大。

Description

电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法 技术领域
本案关于一种电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法，尤指一种适用于电动车辆的电池 模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法。 背景技术
由于地球暖化日渐严重， 各国均开始展开减碳政策， 于目前环境中运输车辆所排放的 二氧化碳占据了总排放量的四分之一， 因为目前运输车辆大部分属于内燃机动力驱动系 统， 为了取代这类驱动系统， 利用纯电供应电机驱动系统， 将是未来运输车辆的主流。
目前绿能产业中最具代表性产品则为电动车， 但在发展电动车的过程中， 常出现电动 车自燃事件发生， 而且现有电动车的电池模块固定于车体上， 当电池模块异常或是自燃时 只能靠车内灭火器减低伤害， 如遇大火发生只能在有效内部空间进行灭火， 无法将有害因 素排除且遇灭火系统无法达成全灭时， 余火将灾害扩大， 将危害乘客的安全， 因而导致民 众开始对电动车产生不信任与不安， 而发生自燃的原因通常为电池造成， 由于电池在放电 过程中一定会产生热，加上电动车在行驶过程中，有许多因素可能导致放电异常或是短路， 虽然有许多研发人员积极将电池模块或是成分改变，但目前技术无法有效改变电池放电必 会产生热的现象。
因此，如何发展一种可降低电动车自燃及保护乘客安全的电池模块异常侦测系统及其 侦测方法， 实为目前迫切需要解决的课题。 发明内容
鉴于现有技术中的上述问题， 本发明提供了一种电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方 法， 以解决现有技术因电池放电异常或是短路而容易发生自燃事件， 而危害乘客的安全， 以及电池易自燃将提升电池生产成本的缺失。
为达上述目的， 本案的一较广义实施态样为提供一种电池模块异常侦测系统， 适用于 一电动车辆， 至少包含： 一供电单元； 一显示单元， 与该供电单元连接； 一电池模块， 其 提供该电动车辆所需的主要电源； 一安全防护单元， 与该电池模块及该供电单元连接； 一 侦测单元， 与该电池模块及该供电单元连接， 其侦测该电池模块， 且于该电池模块异常运 作时， 产生至少一反馈信号； 一控制单元， 与该侦测单元、 该供电单元、 该显示单元以及 该安全防护单元连接， 其系接收该至少一反馈信号， 并将该至少一反馈信号与至少一默认 值进行比对， 以产生一异常等级信号至该显示单元及该安全防护单元， 使该安全防护单元 因应该异常等级信号控制该电池模块的运作， 以及该显示单元因应该异常等级信号显示一 异常警示信息。
为达上述目的， 本案的另一较广义实施态样为提供一种电池模块异常侦测方法， 适用 于一电动车辆， 该电动车辆包含一电池模块、 一显示单元以及一安全防护单元， 至少包含 下列步骤： （a) 侦测该电池模块， 且于该电池模块异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号；
(b)将该至少一反馈信号与至少一默认值进行比对， 以产生一异常等级信号； （c) 因应 该异常等级信号于该显示单元显示一异常警示信息； 以及 （d) 该安全防护单元因应该异 常等级信号控制该电池模块的运作。
本发明可于侦测到电池模块有异常状态时进行对应处理， 以避免伤害及损失扩大。 附图说明
图 1为本案较佳实施例的电池模块异常侦测系统的电路结构示意图。
图 2A为本案第二较佳实施例的电池模块异常侦测方法的流程图。
图 2B为图 1所示的电池模块发生第一级异常时的应变处理流程图。
图 2C为图 1所示的电池模块发生第二级异常时的应变处理流程图。
图 2D为图 1所示的电池模块发生第三级异常时的应变处理流程图。
其中， 附图标记说明如下：
电池模块异常侦测系统： 1
电池模块： 11
侦测单元： 12
烟雾侦测装置： 121
温度侦测装置： 122
电池管理单元： 123
控制单元： 13
供电单元： 14
显示单元： 15
安全防护单元： 16
消防装置： 161 退出装置： 162
警报传输装置： 17
输入单元： 18
储存单元： 19
电池模块异常侦测步骤： S21〜S25
电池模块发生第一级异常时的应变处理步骤： S2511〜2513
电池模块发生第二级异常时的应变处理步骤： S2521〜2525
电池模块发生第三级异常时的应变处理步骤： S2531〜2536 具体实施方式
体现本案特征与优点的一些典型实施例将在后段的说明中详细叙述。应理解的是本案 能够在不同的态样上具有各种的变化， 其皆不脱离本案的范围， 且其中的说明及图示在本 质上系当作说明之用， 而非用以限制本案。
请参阅图 1，其为本案较佳实施例的电池异常侦测系统的电路结构示意图。如图所示， 本案的电池模块异常侦测系统 1适用一电动车辆，且主要包含一电池模块 11、一侦测单元
12、 一控制单元 13、 一供电单元 14、 一显示单元 15、 一安全防护单元 16、 一警报传输装 置 17、 一输入单元 18以及一储存单元 19， 其中， 电池模块 11为一抽换型电池， 且设置 于一电池箱 （未图示） 内部， 主要提供电动车辆运作所需的主要电源， 而供电单元 14为 一独立电源， 可为例如 12V、 24V或是备用电源， 且可为但不限为一铅蓄电池， 其与侦测 单元 12、 控制单元 13、 显示单元 15以及安全防护单元 16连接， 用以提供侦测单元 12、 控制单元 13、 显示单元 15以及安全防护单元 16运作所需的电源， 以于电池模块 11异常 时可维持电池模块异常侦测系统 1持续运作。
而显示单元 15与供电单元 14以及控制单元 13连接，其于控制单元 14判断电池模块 11发生异常时， 因应控制单元 14所产生的异常等级信号显示一异常警示信息以告知电动 车辆驾驶人员并指示后续应变措施。 输入单元 18可用以供预先输入至少一默认值， 且该 至少一默认值储存于储存单元 19内部，而该至少一默认值可为电池模块 11的默认工作温 度或是默认工作电流、 电池箱的内部的烟雾浓度默认值以及电池箱内部的默认温度。警报 传输装置 17与控制单元 13及供电单元 14连接， 其于控制单元 14判断电池模块 11发生 异常时， 以无线传输方式将控制单元 14所产生的异常等级信号传送至一电动车辆管理中 心。 请再参与图 1，本案的安全防护单元 16与电池模块 11及供电单元 14连接，可包含一 消防装置 161 以及一退出装置 162， 其中消防装置 161 设置于电池箱内且与供电单元 14 及控制单元 13连接， 而退出装置 162与供电单元 14及控制单元 13连接。
本案的侦测单元 12与电池模块 11及供电单元 14连接， 其侦测电池模块 11， 且于电 池模块 11异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号。 于本实施例中， 侦测单元 12可包含一烟雾 侦测装置 121、 一温度侦测装置 122以及一电池管理单元 123， 其中， 电池管理单元 123 与电池模块 11及控制单元 13连接， 其侦测电池模块 11的工作温度或是工作电流， 且于 侦测到电池模块 11的工作温度或是工作电流异常时， 产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13， 例 如： 当电池管理单元 123内部的侦测电路侦测到电池模块 11的工作温度已达到 90度时， 则针对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13。
烟雾侦测装置 121与电池模块 11、供电单元 14以及控制单元 13连接，其侦测用来设 置电池模块 11 的电池箱内部的烟雾浓度， 且于侦测到电池箱内部确实具有烟雾时， 则针 对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13。于本实施例中，温度侦测装置 122可为但不 限为一红外线传感器， 其同样与电池模块 11、供电单元 14以及控制单元 13连接， 用以侦 测电池箱内部的温度， 且于侦测到电池箱内部的温度异常时， 则针对此异常现象产生一反 馈信号至控制单元 13， 例如： 当温度侦测装置 122侦测到电池箱内的温度已达到 85度且 持续 5秒以上时， 则针对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13。
请再参阅图 1， 本案的控制单元 13与侦测单元 12、供电单元 14、显示单元 15以及安 全防护单元 16连接， 其接收侦测单元 12的烟雾侦测装置 121、 温度侦测装置 122以及电 池管理单元 123所输出的至少一反馈信号，并将该至少一反馈信号与至少一默认值进行比 对， 以产生一异常等级信号， 即控制单元 13根据其所接收到的反馈信号的数量以及将该 反馈信号与其对应的默认值进行比对的结果来判断目前电池模块 11所属的异常等级， 后 续控制单元 13将该异常等级信号传送至显示单元 15、安全防护单元 16以及警报传输装置 17， 使安全防护单元 16因应该异常等级信号控制电池模块 11的运作， 显示单元 15则因 应该异常等级信号显示一异常警示信息以告知电动车辆驾驶人员并指示后续应变事项，另 夕卜， 警报传输装置 17则以无线传输方式将该异常等级信号传送至一电动车辆管理中心， 以通报电动车辆发生异常的状况以便相关人员可进行后续应变措施。
于本实施例中， 本案的电池模块异常侦测系统 1将异常等级区分为第一级异常、第二 级异常以及第三级异常， 但本案可实施的分级态样并不以此为限， 可依照实际需求进行区 分。 当控制单元 13接收到烟雾侦测装置 121、 温度侦测装置 122 以及电池管理单元 123 所输出的反馈信号， 且将烟雾侦测装置 121所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部 的烟雾浓度默认值进行比对，将温度侦测装置 122所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19 内部的电池箱内部的默认温度进行比对， 以及将电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号与储 存于储存单元 19 内部的默认工作温度或是默认工作电流进行比对， 当比对结果表示电池 箱内具有浓烟、 电池箱内部的温度已经超过默认温度以及电池模块 11 的工作电压或工作 电流超过默认工作温度或是默认工作电流， 代表发生第一级异常， 即电池模块 11 已发生 自燃，控制单元 13将驱动安全保护单元 16的消防装置 161对已发生自燃的该电池模块进 行灭火， 以及驱动退出装置 162将电池模块 11部分退出电池箱， 使电池模块 11与电池箱 之间断电， 而显示单元 15则因应该第一级异常显示一异常警示信息以告知电动车辆驾驶 人员并指示后续应变方式， 另外， 警报传输装置 17则以无线传输方式将发生第一级异常 的事件通报电动车辆管理中心。
当控制单元 13接收到烟雾侦测装置 121 以及电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号， 且将烟雾侦测装置 121所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的烟雾浓度默认值进 行比对， 以及将电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的默认工 作温度或是默认工作电流进行比对，当比对结果系表示电池箱内具有浓烟以及电池模块 11 的工作电压或工作电流也超过默认值， 即代表发生第二级异常， 控制单元 13将驱动显示 单元 15 因应该第二级异常显示一异常警示信息， 以告知电动车辆驾驶人员并指示后续应 变方式， 驾驶人员手动开启电池箱以对电池模块 11进行检测， 并根据检测结果判断是否 启动消防装置 161及退出装置 162，另外，警报传输装置 17则以无线传输方式将发生第二 级异常的事件通报电动车辆管理中心。
当控制单元 13仅接收到电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号，且将电池管理单元 123 所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19 内部的默认工作温度或是默认工作电流进行比 对， 当比对结果表示电池模块 11 的工作电压或工作电流超过默认值， 即代表发生第三级 异常，控制单元 13将驱动显示单元 15因应该第三级异常显示一异常警示信息以告知电动 车辆驾驶人员并指示后续应变方式，驾驶人员手动开启电池箱以对电池模块 11进行检测， 另外， 警报传输装置 17则以无线传输方式将发生第三级异常的事件通报电动车辆管理中 心。
请参阅图 1及图 2A，其中图 2A为本案第二较佳实施例的电池模块异常侦测方法的流 程图， 如图所示， 本实施例的电池模块异常侦测方法包含下列步骤： 首先， 侦测该电池模 块 11， 且于该电池模块 11异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号， 即通过电池管理单元 123 来侦测电池模块 11的工作温度或是工作电流，且于侦测到电池模块 11的工作温度或是工 作电流异常时， 产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13， 例如： 当电池管理单元 123内部的侦测电 路侦测到电池模块 11的工作温度已达到 90度时，则针对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控 制单元 13，通过烟雾侦测装置 121来侦测电池箱内部的烟雾浓度，且于侦测到电池箱内部 确实具有烟雾时，则针对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13， 以及通过温度侦测装 置 122来侦测电池箱内部的温度， 且于侦测到电池箱内部的温度异常时， 针对此异常现象 产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13，例如： 当温度侦测装置 122侦测到电池箱内的温度已达到 85度且持续 5秒以上时， 则针对此异常现象产生一反馈信号至控制单元 13 (如步骤 S21 所示） 。
接着，控制单元 13重新联机至烟雾侦测装置 121、温度侦测装置 122以及电池管理单 元 123， 并要求重新传送反馈信号， 以再次进行反馈信号的确认， 举例而言， 于步骤 S21 中控制单元 13系接收到烟雾侦测装置 121、温度侦测装置 122以及电池管理单元 123所传 送的反馈信号， 若于步骤 S22中烟雾侦测装置 121、 温度侦测装置 122以及电池管理单元 123回传相同的反馈信号， 则控制单元 13即可确认收到 3笔反馈信号； 于步骤 S21 中控 制单元 13接收到烟雾侦测装置 121以及电池管理单元 123所传送的反馈信号， 若于步骤 S22中烟雾侦测装置 121以及电池管理单元 123回传相同的反馈信号且未收到温度侦测装 置 122所输出的反馈信号， 则控制单元 13即可确认收到 2笔反馈信号； 于步骤 S21中控 制单元 13仅接收到电池管理单元 123所传送的反馈信号， 若于步骤 S22中电池管理单元 123系回传相同的反馈信号且同样未收到烟雾侦测装置 121及温度侦测装置 122所输出的 反馈信号， 则控制单元 13即可确认收到 1笔反馈信号； （如步骤 S22所示） 。
于步骤 S22后， 控制单元 13将所收到的反馈信号与其所对应的默认值进行比对， 以 产生一异常等级信号 （如步骤 S23所示） ， 当控制单元 13接收到烟雾侦测装置 121、 温 度侦测装置 122以及一电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号，且将烟雾侦测装置 121所输 出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的烟雾浓度默认值进行比对，将温度侦测装置 122 所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19 内部的电池箱内部的默认温度进行比对， 以及将 电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的默认工作温度或是默认 工作电流进行比对， 当比对结果系表示电池箱内具有浓烟、 电池箱内部的温度已经超过默 认温度以及电池模块 11的工作电压或工作电流也超过默认值时， 代表发生第一级异常； 当控制单元 13接收到烟雾侦测装置 121以及电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号， 且将烟雾侦测装置 121所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的烟雾浓度默认值进 行比对， 以及将电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19内部的默认工 作温度或是默认工作电流进行比对，当比对结果系表示电池箱内具有浓烟以及电池模块 11 的工作电压或工作电流也超过默认值， 即代表发生第二级异常；
当控制单元 13仅接收到电池管理单元 123所输出的反馈信号，且将电池管理单元 123 所输出的反馈信号与储存于储存单元 19 内部的默认工作温度或是默认工作电流进行比 对， 当比对结果表示电池模块 11 的工作电压或工作电流超过默认值， 即代表发生第三级 异常。
于确定电池模块 11发生异常的等级后， 控制单元 13将驱动显示单元 15因应所判断 的异常等级显示一异常警示信息， 以告知电动车辆驾驶人员并指示后续应变方式， 例如指 示驾驶人员须立即将电动车辆停靠于路旁或是安全地点（如步骤 S24所示） ， 后续则根据 控制单元 13所判定的异常等级执行对应的应变处理 （如步骤 S25所示） 。
本案的电池模块异常侦测系统 1系将异常等级区分为第一级异常、第二级异常以及第 三级异常， 以下将针对发生各级异常所对应的应变处理步骤， 请参阅图 2B， 其为图 1所 示的电池模块发生第一级异常时的应变处理流程图， 如图所示， 当电池模块 11发生第一 级异常时即表示电池模块 11已发生自燃， 控制单元 13将自动驱动警报传输装置 17以无 线传输方式将发生第一级异常的事件通报电动车辆管理中心，使电动车辆管理中心可派出 维修人员倒现场进行检修及处理 （如步骤 S2511所示） ， 后续， 控制单元 13将自动驱动 安全保护单元 16的消防装置 161对已发生自燃的该电池模块进行灭火 （如步骤 S2512所 示） ， 以及控制单元 13将自动驱动退出装置 162， 以开启电池箱并将电池模块 11部分退 出电池箱， 使电池模块 11与电池箱之间断电 （如步骤 S2513所示） ， 后续则等待维修人 员到现场进行检修及处理。
于发生第一级异常时控制单元 13可以设定秒数倒数的方式来显示关闭电池模块 11、 驱动消防装置 161以及驱动退出装置 162的剩余时间， 例如倒数 5秒的显示方式， 以使驾 驶人员可知道后续将面临的状况， 若遇到电池模块 11已被控制单元 13关闭， 而驾驶人员 无法实时停车， 可利用剩余余速停驶路边， 或目前常见备用电源临时供电于电动车辆的电 机系统。
请参阅图 2C， 其为图 1所示的电池模块发生第二级异常时的应变处理流程图， 如图 所示， 当电池模块 11发生第二级异常时， 控制单元 13将自动驱动警报传输装置 17以无 线传输方式将发生第一级异常的事件通报电动车辆管理中心，使电动车辆管理中心可派出 维修人员倒现场进行检修及处理 （如步骤 S2521 所示） ， 后续， 驾驶人员根据显示单元 15所显示的应变措施将民众疏散至安全地点 （如步骤 S2522所示） ， 接着， 驾驶人员手 动开启电池箱并判断电池模块 11是否自燃 （如步骤 S2523所示） ， 当判断结果为否时， 即表示电池模块 11未发生自燃， 可能为电池模块 11发生故障， 驾驶人员将手动驱动退出 装置 162， 以开启电池箱并将电池模块 11部分退出电池箱， 使电池模块 11与电池箱之间 断电， 例如退出装置 162将电池模块 11的 1/4退出电池箱外， 以使电池模块 11的接点与 电动车辆内部的接点分离， 而使电池模块 11与电池箱之间断电 （如步骤 S2524所示） ， 后续则等待维修人员到现场进行检修及处理 （如步骤 S2525所示） 。
反之， 当判断结果为是时， 即表示电池模块 11 已发生自燃， 驾驶人员将手动驱动安 全保护单元 16的消防装置 161对已发生自燃的该电池模块进行灭火 (如步骤 S2526所示）， 以及驾驶人员手动驱动退出装置 162， 以开启电池箱并将电池模块 11部分退出电池箱，使 电池模块 11与电池箱之间断电 （如步骤 S2527所示） ， 后续则等待维修人员到现场进行 检修及处理 （如步骤 S2525所示） 。
请参阅图 2D， 其为图 1所示的电池模块发生第三级异常时的应变处理流程图， 如图 所示， 当电池模块 11发生第三级异常时， 控制单元 13将自动驱动警报传输装置 17以无 线传输方式将发生第三级异常的事件通报电动车辆管理中心，使电动车辆管理中心可派出 维修人员倒现场进行检修及处理 （如步骤 S2531 所示） ， 后续， 驾驶人员根据显示单元 15所显示的应变措施将民众疏散至安全地点 （如步骤 S2532所示） ， 接着， 驾驶人员手 动开启电池箱并进行检查（如步骤 S2533所示） ， 驾驶人员判断是否可自行排除问题（如 步骤 S2534所示） ， 当判断结果为否时， 即驾驶人员无法自行排除问题， 则等待维修人员 到现场进行检修及处理（如步骤 S2535所示） ， 反之， 当判断结果为是时， 驾驶人员自行 排除问题并覆归系统， 并将电动车辆开至维修场进行检修确认 （如步骤 S2536所示） 。
本案的电池模块异常检测方法将异常等级区分为第一级异常、第二级异常以及第三级 异常， 各阶级目的都在于以保护乘客及降低损失， 第三级异常发生时， 可提前通知驾驶人 员， 预警性显示侦测到电池模块 11已有异常， 可提早将损失降低； 而第二级异常发生时， 通常可保住电池模块 11， 因目前电池模块 11造价高，如果能提早发现或是提早处置动作， 能将电池模块 11救回， 降低损失； 而发生第一级异常时， 通常都为电池模块 11已经发生 自燃现象， 为了保护车上乘客及保有电动车辆或高单价的电机系统， 需牺牲电池模块 11， 避免伤害及损失扩大， 综上所述， 本发明的电池模块异常检测系统及其检测方法可适用于 电动车辆的安全系统， 且可适用于串联式及并联式电池模块。 综上所述，本发明所提供的电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法系利用侦测单元侦测 该电池模块且于该电池模块异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号， 使控制单元可将至少一反 馈信号与至少一默认值进行比对， 以产生一异常等级信号至该显示单元及该安全防护单 元， 使该安全防护单元因应该异常等级信号控制该电池模块的运作， 以及该显示单元因应 该异常等级信号显示一异常警示信息， 以解决现有技术因电池模块自燃而危害乘客的安 全， 以及因电池易自燃而提升电池生产成本的问题， 可于侦测到电池模块有异常状态时进 行对应处理， 以避免伤害及损失扩大。 因此， 本案的电池模块异常侦测系统及其侦测方法 极具产业利用价值， 依法提出申请。
纵使本发明已由上述实施例详细叙述而可由熟悉本技艺人士任施匠思而为诸般修饰， 然皆不脱如附申请专利范围所欲保护者。

Claims

1、 一种电池模块异常侦测系统， 适用于一电动车辆， 至少包含：
一供电单元；
一显示单元， 与该供电单元连接；
一电池模块， 其提供该电动车辆所需的主要电源；
一安全防护单元， 与该电池模块及该供电单元连接；
一侦测单元， 与该电池模块及该供电单元连接， 其侦测该电池模块， 且于该电池模块 异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号；
一控制单元， 与该侦测单元、 该供电单元、 该显示单元以及该安全防护单元连接， 其接收该至少一反馈信号，并将该至少一反馈信号与至少一默认值进行比对， 以产生一异 常等级信号至该显示单元及该安全防护单元，使该安全防护单元因应该异常等级信号控制 该电池模块的运作， 以及该显示单元因应该异常等级信号显示一异常警示信息。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该电池模块为一抽换型电池模 块。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该电池异常侦测系统还包含一 警报传输装置，与该控制单元及该供电单元连接，其以无线传输方式将该异常等级信号传 送至一电动车辆管理中心。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该侦测单元包含一电池管理单 元， 与该电池模块及该控制单元连接， 其侦测该电池模块的工作温度或是工作电流。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该侦测单元还包含一烟雾侦测 器，与该电池模块及该控制单元连接，其侦测设置该电池模块的一电池箱内部的烟雾浓度。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该侦测单元还包含一温度侦测 器， 与该电池模块及该控制单元连接， 其侦测该电池箱内部的温度。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该电池异常侦测系统还包含一 输入单元以及一储存单元，该输入单元用以供输入该至少一默认值，该储存单元用以储存 该至少一默认值。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该至少一默认值为该电池模块 的默认工作温度或是默认工作电流、该电池箱的内部的烟雾浓度默认值、该电池箱内部的 默认温度。
9、 如权利要求 5所述的电池模块异常侦测系统， 其中该安全防护单元包含一消防装 置， 与该供电单元及该控制单元连接， 其设置于该电池箱内， 用以对已发生自燃的该电池 模块进行灭火。
10、如权利要求 9所述的电池模块异常侦测系统，其中该安全防护单元还包含一退出 装置， 与该供电单元及该控制单元连接， 其将该电池模块部分退出该电池箱， 使该电池模 块与该电池箱之间断电。
11、 一种电池模块异常侦测方法， 适用于一电动车辆， 该电动车辆包含一电池模块、 一显示单元以及一安全防护单元， 至少包含下列步骤：
( a) 侦测该电池模块， 且于该电池模块异常运作时， 产生至少一反馈信号；
(b) 将该至少一反馈信号与至少一默认值进行比对， 以产生一异常等级信号； ( c) 因应该异常等级信号于该显示单元显示一异常警示信息； 以及
( d) 该安全防护单元因应该异常等级信号控制该电池模块的运作。
12、如权利要求 11所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（a)还包含步骤（al )： 侦测该电池模块的工作温度或是工作电流。
13、如权利要求 12所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（a)还包含步骤（a2)： 侦测设置该电池模块的一电池箱内部的烟雾浓度。
14、如权利要求 13所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（a)还包含步骤（a3 )： 侦测设置该电池模块的一电池箱内部的温度
15、如权利要求 11所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（c)还包含步骤（cl )： 以无线传输方式将该异常等级信号传送至一电动车辆管理中心。
16、如权利要求 11所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（d)还包含步骤（dl )： 对已发生自燃的该电池模块进行灭火。
17、如权利要求 16所述的电池模块异常侦测方法，其中该步骤（d)还包含步骤（d2) : 将该电池模块退出该电池箱， 使该电池模块与该电池箱之间断电。
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