WO2013061932A1 - 電気化学セル用包装材料 - Google Patents
電気化学セル用包装材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013061932A1 WO2013061932A1 PCT/JP2012/077256 JP2012077256W WO2013061932A1 WO 2013061932 A1 WO2013061932 A1 WO 2013061932A1 JP 2012077256 W JP2012077256 W JP 2012077256W WO 2013061932 A1 WO2013061932 A1 WO 2013061932A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- packaging material
- electrochemical cell
- insulating layer
- chemical conversion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrochemical cell packaging material for forming an electrochemical cell package.
- Patent Document 1 A conventional packaging material for a lithium ion battery is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- This packaging material is a laminate in which a base material layer, a barrier layer made of metal foil, and an innermost thermal adhesive layer are sequentially laminated, and by heat-sealing the peripheral thermal adhesive part with the thermal adhesive layers facing each other.
- a package of electrochemical cells is formed. The package is provided with a space for accommodating the electrochemical cell body, and the electrode tabs connected to the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector of the electrochemical cell body extend to the outside while being sandwiched by the package at the thermal bonding portion. ing.
- Lithium ion batteries include those having a liquid, gel-like, and polymer-like electrolyte, and a positive electrode / negative electrode active material made of a polymer.
- the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are coated on the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, respectively.
- aluminum, nickel, or the like is used for the positive electrode current collector, and copper, nickel, stainless steel, or the like is used for the negative electrode current collector.
- Polymer positive electrode materials such as metal oxide, carbon black, metal sulfide, electrolytic solution, polyacrylonitrile and the like are used as the positive electrode active substance.
- As the negative electrode active material a polymer negative electrode material such as lithium metal, alloy, carbon, electrolyte, polyacrylonitrile or the like is used.
- the electrode active material is peeled off and scattered in the battery manufacturing process, or minute metallic foreign matters such as electrode tab fragments are mixed and the electrodes are disposed on the surface of the thermal adhesive layer disposed on the inner surface of the packaging material.
- the thermal adhesive layer melts due to heat and pressure at the time of heat sealing and becomes thin, and the electrode active material or minute metallic foreign matter bites into the thermal adhesive layer at the sandwiched portion of the electrode tab, There has been a problem that a short circuit occurs between the electrode tab and the barrier layer.
- the thermal adhesive layer is broken to reach the barrier layer to cause a short circuit.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a packaging material for an electrochemical cell that prevents the occurrence of a short circuit.
- the present invention provides a base layer composed of at least a resin film, a thermal adhesive layer composed of a thermoadhesive resin disposed in the innermost layer, and between the base layer and the thermal adhesive layer. And a barrier layer made of a metal foil, the packaging material for an electrochemical cell, wherein at least the surface of the barrier layer on the side of the thermal adhesive layer has alumina particles and a modified epoxy resin.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer containing is formed.
- the alumina particles and the modified epoxy resin contained in the chemical conversion layer have insulating properties, and are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. Therefore, even when burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter bites into the thermal adhesive layer during heat sealing, the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter are blocked by the chemical conversion treatment layer and do not reach the metal foil of the barrier layer. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the electrode tab and the barrier layer.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer improves the surface adhesion (wetting property) of the barrier layer and provides corrosion resistance to the electrolytic solution.
- the present invention is also characterized in that, in the electrochemical cell packaging material having the above-described configuration, an insulating layer containing a modified epoxy resin is laminated on the chemical conversion treatment layer formed on the thermal adhesive layer side. According to this structure, the insulation as a packaging material for electrochemical cells is further improved by laminating the insulating layer on the chemical conversion treatment layer.
- the insulating layer has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less. According to this configuration, the laminate strength between the barrier layer and the heat bonding layer can be stably maintained while ensuring sufficient insulation.
- the present invention is characterized in that, in the electrochemical cell packaging material configured as described above, the thickness of the insulating layer is larger than the particle size of the alumina particles.
- the present invention provides a base material layer made of a resin film, a thermal adhesive layer made of a thermoadhesive resin arranged in the innermost layer, and a metal foil arranged between the base material layer and the thermal adhesive layer.
- a packaging material for an electrochemical cell configured by laminating at least a barrier layer, wherein a plurality of metal oxide fine particles are deposited in three or more layers on the surface of the barrier layer on the thermal adhesive layer side.
- An insulating layer to be formed is provided, the average particle diameter of the metal oxide fine particles is 0.7 ⁇ m or less, the film thickness of the insulating layer is X ( ⁇ m), and the average particle diameter of the metal oxide fine particles is Y
- a packaging material for an electrochemical cell that satisfies the following formula (1) when ( ⁇ m).
- the metal oxide fine particles are excellent in heat resistance and strong, and are a highly insulating material, so that they are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing.
- the insulating layer formed by depositing metal oxide fine particles in three or more layers is also excellent in heat resistance and insulation. Therefore, even when there are burrs on the electrode tab or when electrode active material or metallic foreign matter adheres to the inner surface of the thermal adhesive layer and burrs, electrode active material or minute metallic foreign matter bite into the thermal adhesive layer during heat sealing, These foreign substances are obstructed by the insulating layer on which the metal oxide fine particles are deposited and do not easily reach the metal foil of the barrier layer, thereby preventing a decrease in insulating properties.
- the present invention is characterized in that, in the packaging material for an electrochemical cell having the above structure, the insulating layer is formed by applying a treatment liquid in which the metal oxide fine particles are dispersed in a binder solution.
- the present invention is characterized in that the binder solution contains phosphoric acid in the electrochemical cell packaging material having the above-described configuration. According to this configuration, the adhesion of the insulating layer to the adjacent resin is improved.
- the present invention is characterized in that the thickness of the insulating layer is 2 ⁇ m or less in the packaging material for an electrochemical cell having the above structure.
- the surface of the insulating layer on the thermal adhesive layer side is subjected to a chromium-based chemical conversion treatment or a non-chromium-based chemical conversion treatment. According to this configuration, the corrosion resistance and adhesion of the insulating layer are further improved.
- the alumina particles and the modified epoxy resin contained in the chemical conversion layer have insulating properties, and are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. Therefore, even when burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter bites into the thermal adhesive layer during heat sealing, the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter are blocked by the chemical conversion treatment layer and do not reach the metal foil of the barrier layer. As a result, even when heat sealing is performed with an electrode tab having burrs, or when heat sealing is performed with an electrode active material or a minute foreign metal bite, the metal foil of the barrier layer is protected by the chemical conversion treatment layer. It is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring with the barrier layer.
- the metal oxide fine particles are excellent in heat resistance and strong, and are a highly insulating material, so that they are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. Therefore, when there are burrs on the electrode tab or electrode active material or metallic foreign matter scattered or mixed on the inner surface of the thermal adhesive layer adheres, the burrs, electrode active material or minute metallic foreign matter bite into the thermal adhesive layer during heat sealing. Even in such a case, these foreign substances are blocked by the insulating layer on which the metal oxide fine particles are deposited, so that it is difficult to reach the metal foil of the barrier layer, and the deterioration of the insulating property is prevented. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the electrode tab and the barrier layer.
- metal oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 0.7 ⁇ m or less are deposited to form an insulating layer, the thickness of the insulating layer is X ( ⁇ m), and the average particle size of the metal oxide fine particles is Y ( ⁇ m).
- the gap formed between the adjacent metal oxide fine particles can be reduced to increase the volume occupation ratio of the metal oxide fine particles contained in the insulating layer. . Thereby, the insulation of an insulating layer can be improved more.
- FIG. Schematic sectional view showing the layer structure of the packaging material according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- Schematic sectional drawing which shows the layer structure of the packaging material for electrochemical cells which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lithium ion battery 121 according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- the lithium ion battery 121 is configured by housing a lithium ion battery main body 122 containing an electrolyte in the package 120.
- the package 120 includes a storage portion 120a that stores the lithium ion battery main body 122 and a lid portion 120b that covers the storage portion 120a.
- the package 120 has a thermal bonding portion 120c at the periphery where the storage portion 120a and the lid portion 120b overlap, and the inside is sealed. At this time, the positive electrode tab 123a and the negative electrode tab 123b connected to the lithium ion battery main body 122 extend to the outside while being sandwiched by the storage portion 120a and the lid portion 120b with a tab film (not shown) interposed in the thermal bonding portion 120. ing.
- the lithium ion battery main body 122 is configured by a cell including a positive electrode made of a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode made of a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode current collector, and an electrolyte filled between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the cell is formed by laminating a plurality of positive electrode plates from which a positive electrode current collector extends and negative electrode plates from which a negative electrode current collector extends. A plurality of positive plates and negative plates are alternately stacked via separators. The plurality of stacked positive electrode current collectors and negative electrode current collectors are overlapped and connected to a single positive electrode tab 123a and negative electrode tab 123b, respectively.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a layer structure of the packaging material 110 forming the storage portion 120a and the lid portion 120b.
- the packaging material 110 is formed by sequentially laminating a base material layer 112, a barrier layer 114, and a thermal adhesive layer 116. Composed.
- the base material layer 112 and the barrier layer 114 are bonded via an adhesive layer 113, and the barrier layer 114 and the thermal adhesive layer 116 are bonded via an acid-modified polyolefin layer 115.
- Chemical conversion treatment layers 114 a are provided on both surfaces of the barrier layer 114, and the laminate strength of the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115, and the barrier layer 114 and the adhesive layer 113 is increased.
- the storage part 120a is produced by press-molding a packaging material 110 cut into a rectangular shape.
- the packaging material 110 is placed toward the concave female mold, and then cold-molded to a predetermined molding depth from the thermal adhesive layer 116 side with a male mold.
- the storage portion 120a and the lid portion 120b are thermally bonded at the opposing thermal bonding layer 116.
- the base material layer 112 is made of a resin film and imparts high puncture resistance (pinhole resistance), insulation, workability, and the like to the package 120. Moreover, it is necessary to have the extensibility which can endure the press at the time of embossing.
- the base material layer 112 can be used by arbitrarily selecting a resin film such as a stretched polyester resin or a stretched polyamide.
- a resin film such as a stretched polyester resin or a stretched polyamide.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyester, and polycarbonate.
- the nylon resin include polyamide resin, that is, nylon 6, nylon 6,6, a copolymer of nylon 6 and nylon 6,6, nylon 6,10, polymetaxylylene adipamide (MXD6), and the like. .
- the barrier layer 114 is made of a metal foil, and a chemical conversion treatment layer 114a is formed on both surfaces.
- the barrier layer 114 prevents water vapor from entering the lithium ion battery 121 from the outside.
- aluminum having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m or more is used in order to stabilize pinholes of the barrier layer 114 and processability (pouching, embossing formability) and to have pinhole resistance.
- the material of aluminum used as the barrier layer 114 is such that the iron content is 0.3 to 9.0% by weight, preferably 0.7 to 2.0% by weight. desirable.
- the package 120 is less likely to generate pinholes due to bending.
- the side wall can be easily formed when the packaging material 110 is embossed.
- the iron content of aluminum is less than 0.3% by weight, effects such as prevention of generation of pinholes and improvement of embossing formability are not recognized.
- the iron content of aluminum exceeds 9.0% by weight, the flexibility as aluminum is hindered, and the bag-making property as a packaging material is deteriorated.
- barrier layer 114 changes its flexibility, waist strength and hardness under annealing (so-called annealing treatment) conditions.
- the aluminum of the barrier layer 114 is preferably aluminum that has been annealed and tends to be softer than a hard-treated product that has not been annealed.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a is formed with a predetermined thickness by applying a treatment liquid containing alumina and a modified epoxy resin.
- the alumina particles and the modified epoxy resin contained in the chemical conversion layer 114a have insulating properties, and are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing.
- the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter bites into the thermal adhesive layer 116 during heat sealing, the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter are blocked by the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a and the metal foil of the barrier layer 116 Not reach. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the positive electrode tab 123a, the negative electrode tab 123b, and the barrier layer 114.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a can improve the adhesion (wetting property) of the aluminum surface. Moreover, the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a imparts corrosion resistance to the aluminum surface. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the aluminum surface from being dissolved and corroded by hydrogen fluoride generated by the reaction between the electrolytic solution and moisture. In particular, it is possible to prevent aluminum oxide existing on the surface of aluminum from being dissolved and corroded. Therefore, delamination between the barrier layer 114 and the thermal bonding layer 116 and delamination between the barrier layer 114 and the base material layer 112 can be prevented.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a is formed in a film form by applying a treatment liquid containing alumina particles and a modified epoxy resin to the aluminum surface and then baking it.
- a known coating method such as a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a gravure coating method, or a dipping method may be selected and molded from the processing solution.
- the surface of the barrier layer 114 is preliminarily treated by a known degreasing method such as an alkali dipping method, an electrolytic cleaning method, an acid cleaning method, and an acid activation method before the chemical conversion treatment.
- a known degreasing method such as an alkali dipping method, an electrolytic cleaning method, an acid cleaning method, and an acid activation method before the chemical conversion treatment.
- the modified epoxy resin is a binder solution of alumina particles in the chemical conversion treatment solution
- phosphoric acid may be mixed in the binder solution.
- the same effect can be obtained by using a mixed solution in which the modified epoxy resin and the aminated phenol polymer are mixed in a 1: 1 ratio instead of the modified epoxy resin alone.
- the alumina particles can enhance the insulation of the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a, and nano-sized particles are suitably used as the alumina particles.
- the alumina particles are preferably particles having an average particle size of 0.03 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m, and more preferably particles of 0.10 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m. When the average particle size exceeds 3.0 ⁇ m, the alumina particles are not uniformly dispersed, and the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a may be formed unevenly.
- the average particle size is smaller than 0.03 ⁇ m, it is necessary to increase the amount of alumina particles added to the binder solution, and the laminate between the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 and between the barrier layer 114 and the adhesive layer 113 is required. This leads to a decrease in strength and an increase in manufacturing costs.
- the insulating property can be imparted to the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a by using ceramic material or metal oxide particles.
- ceramic material particles include first aluminum phosphate and aluminum nitride.
- metal oxide material include zircon oxide and titanium oxide.
- the modified epoxy resin used in the treatment liquid of the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a a modified epoxy resin having bisphenol A or bisphenol F as a unit in the skeleton is used.
- the modified epoxy resin include a silane-modified product in which part or all of the glycidyl group of the epoxy resin is silane-modified, and a phosphoric acid-modified product in which part or all of the glycidyl group of the epoxy resin is modified with phosphoric acids.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a formed using these modified epoxy resins is excellent in insulation.
- Examples of the epoxy resin having bisphenol A or bisphenol F as a unit in the skeleton include those obtained by repeated dehydrochlorination reaction and addition reaction of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A or bisphenol F. Moreover, what is obtained by repeating the addition reaction between the epoxy compound which has 2 or more, preferably 2 glycidyl groups and bisphenol A or bisphenol F is also mentioned.
- epoxy compound examples include sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropylene polyglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the silane-modified epoxy resin having bisphenol A or bisphenol F as a unit in the skeleton may be silane-modified using a silane coupling agent at the synthesis stage.
- a silane coupling agent at the synthesis stage There is no restriction
- the adhesion between the barrier layer 114 and the thermal bonding layer 116 is increased, and the corrosion resistance of the barrier layer 114 to the electrolytic solution is improved.
- silane coupling agents vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl Trimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxy Silane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 Mer
- the phosphoric acid modification of an epoxy resin having bisphenol A or bisphenol F as a unit in the skeleton is performed by reacting the epoxy resin with phosphoric acid or an ester of phosphoric acid.
- phosphoric acids metaphosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid and the like can be used.
- ester of phosphoric acid monoesters, such as metaphosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, orthophosphoric acid, and pyrophosphoric acid, can be used, for example, monomethyl phosphoric acid, monooctyl phosphoric acid, monophenyl phosphoric acid etc. are mentioned.
- the amine compound include ammonia; alkanolamines such as dimethanolamine and triethanolamine; alkylamines such as diethylamine and triethylamine; alkylalkanolamines such as dimethylethanolamine.
- the degree of silane modification and phosphoric acid modification is not particularly limited as long as the effect of these modifications is recognized, but usually the Si—OH equivalent or P—OH group equivalent is in the range of 150 to 1,000. It is preferable to be modified. Further, it is more preferable to modify so as to be in the range of 300 to 800.
- the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin (the chemical formula amount of the epoxy resin per epoxy group, in other words, the value obtained by dividing the molecular weight of the epoxy resin by the number of epoxy groups contained in the epoxy resin) is not particularly limited. It is preferably in the range of 100 to 3,000.
- the thermal adhesive layer 116 is disposed on the innermost layer of the packaging material 110 and is made of a thermal adhesive resin that melts by heat and fuses the opposing packaging materials 110 to each other.
- the resin type differs depending on whether or not a tab film is interposed between the thermal adhesive layer 116 and the positive electrode tab 123a or the negative electrode tab 123b.
- a tab film is interposed, a film made of a simple substance or a mixture of olefinic resins may be used.
- no tab film is interposed, a film made of acid-modified polyolefin graft-modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid may be used.
- polypropylene is preferably used as the thermal adhesive layer 116.
- a film composed of a single layer or a multilayer of linear low density polyethylene and medium density polyethylene can be used.
- the film which consists of a single layer or a multilayer which consists of a blend resin of linear low density polyethylene and medium density polyethylene can also be used.
- each type of polypropylene can be used.
- Linear low-density polyethylene and medium-density polyethylene include a low-crystalline ethylene-butene copolymer, a low-crystalline propylene-butene copolymer, and a terpolymer composed of a three-component copolymer of ethylene, butene, and propylene. It may be added.
- antiblocking agents such as a silica, a zeolite, and an acrylic resin bead, and a fatty acid amide type slip agent to these resin.
- the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 is a resin layer that stably bonds the barrier layer 114 and the thermal adhesive layer 116, and acid-modified polypropylene is preferably used.
- the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 needs to be appropriately selected and used depending on the resin type used for the thermal bonding layer 116.
- a polyolefin graft-modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid graft-modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid, or a graft modification with an unsaturated carboxylic acid Copolymer of propylene and acrylic acid, copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid graft-modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid, copolymer of propylene and methacrylic acid graft-modified with unsaturated carboxylic acid, unsaturated carboxylic acid
- metal cross-linked polyolefins grafted with acid are metal cross-linked polyolefins grafted with acid.
- a butene component an ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer, an amorphous ethylene-propylene copolymer, a propylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer, etc. may be added to these resins. Good.
- a homotype having a bigat softening point of 115 ° C or higher and a melting point of 150 ° C or higher (2) A copolymer of ethylene-propylene having a bigat softening point of 105 ° C or higher and a melting point of 130 ° C or higher (random copolymer type) (3) A simple substance or a blended product obtained by acid-modified polymerization using an unsaturated carboxylic acid having a melting point of 110 ° C. or higher can be used.
- the adhesive layer 113 is a resin layer that firmly bonds the base material layer 112 and the barrier layer 114.
- Such interlayer adhesion can be performed by a dry lamination method, an extrusion lamination method, a coextrusion lamination method, a thermal lamination method, or the like.
- polyester When laminating by the dry laminating method, polyester, polyethyleneimine, polyether, cyanoacrylate, urethane, organic titanium, polyetherurethane, epoxy, polyesterurethane, imide, isocyanate
- Various adhesives based on polyolefin, polyolefin, and silicone can be used.
- the alumina particles and the modified epoxy resin included in the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a have insulating properties, and are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. As a result, even when burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter bites into the thermal adhesive layer 116 during heat sealing, the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign matter are blocked by the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a and the metal foil of the barrier layer 116 Not reach. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the positive electrode tab 123a, the negative electrode tab 123b, and the barrier layer 114.
- different layers may be interposed between the layers.
- an electrochemical cell body other than the lithium ion battery body 122 may be packaged with a package 120 made of the packaging material 110 to produce an electric cell other than the lithium ion battery 121. .
- electrochemical cells include nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lithium metal primary batteries or secondary batteries, chemical batteries such as lithium polymer batteries, electric double layer capacitors, capacitors, and electrolytic capacitors.
- the electrochemical cell body is a positive electrode composed of a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode current collector before enclosing packaging material, a negative electrode composed of a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode current collector, and an electrolyte filled between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- all electric device elements that generate electric energy such as a cell (power storage unit) including electrode terminals connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode in the cell.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a packaging material 110 according to the second embodiment.
- a packaging material 110 for convenience of explanation, the same reference numerals are given to the same descriptions as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
- an insulating layer 114b containing a modified epoxy resin is laminated on the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a on the thermal adhesive layer 116 side.
- the modified epoxy resin used for the insulating layer 114b the modified epoxy resin contained in the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a of the first embodiment can be used.
- the insulating property as a packaging material for an electrochemical cell is further improved by laminating the insulating layer 114b containing the modified epoxy resin on the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a formed on the thermal bonding layer 116 side.
- the burrs, carbon, or minute metal foreign objects are removed from the insulating layer 114b and the chemical conversion treatment. It is blocked by the layer 114a and does not reach the metal foil of the barrier layer 116. Thereby, it is possible to further prevent a short circuit from occurring between the positive electrode tab 123a, the negative electrode tab 123b, and the barrier layer 114.
- the two-layer structure of the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a and the insulating layer 114b allows the laminate strength of the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 to be higher than that when the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a is provided with a substantially equal thickness. The decrease can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 114b is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less. When the thickness of the insulating layer 114b is smaller than 0.5 ⁇ m, sufficient insulation cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness is larger than 5 ⁇ m, the laminate strength between the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 is lowered. The thickness of the insulating layer 114b is more preferably larger than the particle size of the alumina particles contained in the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a packaging material 110 according to the third embodiment.
- a packaging material 110 for convenience of explanation, the same reference numerals are given to the same descriptions as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
- an insulating layer 117 containing metal oxide fine particles 111 is laminated on the barrier layer 114 on the thermal adhesive layer 116 side instead of the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 has a predetermined thickness, and is formed by depositing metal oxide fine particles 111 in three or more layers. Since the metal oxide fine particles 111 are excellent in heat resistance and strong and are a highly insulating material, they are not easily melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. Accordingly, when there is a burr on the positive electrode tab 123a and the negative electrode tab 123b, or when an electrode active material or a minute metal foreign matter scattered or mixed on the inner surface of the thermal adhesive layer 116, the burr, electrode active material or metal at the time of heat sealing is used.
- the metal oxide fine particles 111 are preferably particles having an average particle size of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.7 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, the gap formed between the adjacent metal oxide fine particles 111 is reduced, and the volume occupation ratio of the metal oxide fine particles 111 contained in the insulating layer 117 can be increased. Therefore, the insulating property of the insulating layer 117 can be further improved.
- metal oxide fine particles 111 it becomes easy to deposit the metal oxide fine particles 111 on the upper surface of the barrier layer 114 by using the spherical metal oxide fine particles 111.
- non-spherical fine particles such as a plate shape and a needle shape may be contained in addition to the spherical shape.
- the thickness of the insulating layer is preferably 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 117 is 2 ⁇ m or less, sufficient moldability can be obtained.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 117 is larger than 2 ⁇ m, the packaging material 110 becomes hard and pinholes are easily generated during molding.
- the insulating property of the insulating layer 117 is satisfied by satisfying the following formula (1). Can be further improved.
- the average particle diameter Y ( ⁇ m) in the present invention is an average value of diameters (sphere-converted particle diameters) when the metal oxide fine particles 111 are converted into spheres having the same volume.
- the average particle diameter of the metal oxide fine particles 111 can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
- 200 or more metal oxide fine particles 111 arbitrarily extracted from a photograph taken with a transmission electron microscope are arbitrarily extracted, the respective particle sizes are measured, and the average value is obtained. Can be calculated.
- the thickness X ( ⁇ m) of the insulating layer 117 in the present invention is a distance from the upper surface of the barrier layer 114 to the upper surface of the insulating layer 117, and the upper surface of the insulating layer 117 is uneven due to the outer shape of the metal oxide fine particles 111. Is formed, the height from the upper surface of the insulating layer 117 to the upper end of the metal fine particles 111 partially protruding.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 117 is thin with respect to the average particle diameter of the metal oxide fine particles 111, and sufficient insulation cannot be obtained.
- the average particle diameter Y of the metal oxide fine particles 111 is 0.7 ⁇ m or less, the upper limit value of X / Y is not particularly limited.
- the insulating layer 117 is formed by applying a treatment liquid obtained by adding a binder solution to an aqueous solution in which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are dispersed.
- the binder solution contains phosphoric acid
- phosphoric acid chemically melts part of the metal oxide fine particles 111 and part of the barrier layer 114.
- the insulating layer 117 adheres to the adjacent barrier layer 114 when moisture is evaporated by drying.
- Examples of the metal oxide fine particles 111 include aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, and zirconium oxide.
- the insulating layer 117 is formed by applying a treatment liquid in which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are dispersed in a binder solution to the surface of the barrier layer 114 and then drying it.
- the treatment liquid is generated by adding a binder solution to an aqueous solution in which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are dispersed.
- the binder solution include phosphoric acid, condensed phosphoric acid, aluminum phosphate, epoxy resin, or a mixed solution thereof.
- the adhesion of the insulating layer 117 to the adjacent resin is improved. Thereby, delamination between the insulating layer 117 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 can be prevented. Further, by using these binder solutions, the insulating layer 117 imparts corrosion resistance to the surface of the barrier layer 114 formed of aluminum. Therefore, the insulating layer 117 can prevent the aluminum surface from being corroded by hydrogen fluoride generated by the reaction between the electrolytic solution and moisture.
- the insulating layer 117 may be formed by selecting a known coating method such as a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a gravure coating method, or a dipping method from a treatment liquid in which metal oxide fine particles are dispersed in a binder solution. By applying and forming the insulating layer 117, it is possible to reduce the processing cost because continuous processing is possible and the water washing step is unnecessary.
- a known coating method such as a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a gravure coating method, or a dipping method from a treatment liquid in which metal oxide fine particles are dispersed in a binder solution.
- the surface of the barrier layer 114 is treated in advance by a known degreasing method such as an alkali dipping method, an electrolytic cleaning method, an acid cleaning method, or an acid activation method.
- a known degreasing method such as an alkali dipping method, an electrolytic cleaning method, an acid cleaning method, or an acid activation method.
- the metal oxide fine particles 111 contained in the insulating layer 117 are excellent in heat resistance and strong, and are a highly insulating material. Therefore, the metal oxide fine particles 111 are also melted or crushed by heat and pressure during heat sealing. It is hard to do. Accordingly, when there is a burr on the positive electrode tab 123a and the negative electrode tab 123b, or when an electrode active material or a minute metal foreign matter scattered or mixed on the inner surface of the thermal adhesive layer 116, the burr, electrode active material or metal at the time of heat sealing.
- the metal oxide fine particles 111 having an average particle size of 0.7 ⁇ m or less are deposited to form the insulating layer 117, and the thickness of the insulating layer 117 is X ( ⁇ m).
- Y ( ⁇ m) is satisfied, by satisfying the following formula (1), the gap formed between the adjacent metal oxide fine particles 111 is reduced to reduce the volume of the metal oxide fine particles 111 contained in the insulating layer 117.
- the occupation rate can be increased. Thereby, the insulation of the insulating layer 117 can be further improved.
- the insulating layer 117 is formed by applying a treatment liquid obtained by adding a binder solution to an aqueous solution in which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are dispersed.
- the binder solution contains phosphoric acid
- phosphoric acid chemically melts a part of the metal oxide fine particles 111.
- the insulating layer 117 adheres to the adjacent barrier layer 114 when moisture is evaporated by drying.
- the insulating layer 117 is ensured in insulation and sufficient moldability is obtained.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a packaging material 110 according to the fourth embodiment.
- a chemical conversion treatment layer 118 is provided on both surfaces of the barrier layer 114 and the surface of the insulating layer 117 on the heat bonding layer 116 side.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 118 is an acid resistant film formed on the surface of the barrier layer 114 and the insulating layer 117 on which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are deposited. By providing the chemical conversion treatment layer 118, the corrosion resistance of the barrier layer 114 and the insulating layer 117 is improved, and the lamination strength with the adjacent resin layer is increased.
- the chemical conversion treatment layer 118 is formed by non-chromium chemical conversion treatment or chromium chemical conversion treatment.
- non-chromium chemical conversion treatment include treatment with zirconium, titanium, zinc phosphate, and the like.
- chromium-based chemical conversion treatment include chromate chromate treatment, phosphoric acid chromate treatment, and chromate treatment using an aminated phenol polymer.
- Chromate chromate treatment uses chromic acid compounds such as chromium nitrate, chromium fluoride, chromium sulfate, chromium acetate, chromium oxalate, chromium biphosphate, chromic acetyl acetate, chromium chloride, potassium chromium sulfate.
- chromic acid compounds such as chromium nitrate, chromium fluoride, chromium sulfate, chromium acetate, chromium oxalate, chromium biphosphate, chromic acetyl acetate, chromium chloride, potassium chromium sulfate.
- a phosphoric acid compound such as sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, polyphosphoric acid or the like is used.
- an aminated phenol polymer comprising repeating units represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4) is used.
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, an allyl group or a benzyl group.
- R1 and R2 represent a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, or a hydroxyalkyl group. R1 and R2 may be the same.
- examples of the alkyl group represented by X, R1, and R2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a tert-butyl group. Examples thereof include straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as groups.
- Examples of the hydroxyalkyl group represented by X, R1, and R2 include a hydroxymethyl group, a 1-hydroxyethyl group, a 2-hydroxyethyl group, a 1-hydroxypropyl group, a 2-hydroxypropyl group, and a 3-hydroxypropyl group. , 1-hydroxybutyl group, 2-hydroxybutyl group, 3-hydroxybutyl group, 4-hydroxybutyl group and the like, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted with one hydroxy group Is mentioned.
- the number average molecular weight of the aminated phenol polymer comprising the repeating units represented by the formulas (1) to (4) is, for example, about 500 to about 1 million, preferably about 1000 to about 20,000.
- These chemical conversion treatments may be carried out by one type of chemical conversion treatment alone or in combination of two or more chemical conversion treatments. Furthermore, these chemical conversion treatments may be carried out using one kind of compound alone, or may be carried out using a combination of two or more kinds of compounds. Among these, chromic acid chromate treatment is preferable, and chromate treatment combining a chromic acid compound, a phosphoric acid compound, and an aminated phenol polymer is more preferable.
- the amount of the acid-resistant film formed on the surfaces of the barrier layer 114 and the insulating layer 117 in the chemical conversion treatment is not particularly limited.
- a chromate treatment is performed by combining a chromic acid compound, a phosphoric acid compound, and an aminated phenol polymer.
- the chromic acid compound is about 0.5 to about 50 mg, preferably about 1.0 to about 40 mg in terms of chromium and about 0.5 to about 40 mg in terms of phosphorus per 1 m 2 of the surface of the metal layer. It is desirable to contain 50 mg, preferably about 1.0 to about 40 mg, and about 1 to about 200 mg, preferably about 5.0 to 150 mg of aminated phenol polymer.
- a solution containing a compound used for forming an acid-resistant film is applied to the surface of the barrier layer 114 or the insulating layer 117 by a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a gravure coating method, a dipping method, etc.
- the heating is performed so that the temperature of the layer 114 is about 70 to 200 ° C.
- the barrier layer 114 may be previously subjected to a degreasing treatment by an alkali dipping method, an electrolytic cleaning method, an acid cleaning method, an electrolytic acid cleaning method, or the like. By performing the degreasing process in this way, it is possible to perform the chemical conversion process on the surface of the barrier layer 114 more efficiently.
- the surface of the insulating layer 117 on the side of the thermal adhesive layer 116 is subjected to a chromium-based chemical conversion treatment or a non-chromium-based chemical conversion treatment, thereby improving the corrosion resistance and adhesion (wetting properties) of the insulating layer 117.
- the lamination strength is improved between the insulating layer 117 and the adjacent layer.
- different layers may be interposed between the layers. Any one of the chemical conversion treatment layers 118 may be omitted.
- an electrochemical cell body other than the lithium ion battery body 122 may be packaged with a package 120 made of the packaging material 110 to produce an electric cell other than the lithium ion battery 121. .
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 1 is subjected to a chemical conversion treatment on both surfaces of aluminum (thickness 40 ⁇ m), and a stretched nylon film (thickness 25 ⁇ m) is bonded to one chemical conversion treatment surface with a two-component curable polyurethane adhesive. It bonded together by the dry lamination method through the agent.
- acid-modified polypropylene thinness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as acid-modified PP
- polypropylene thickness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as PP
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 2 is subjected to a chemical conversion treatment on both surfaces of aluminum (thickness 40 ⁇ m), and a stretched nylon film (thickness 25 ⁇ m) is bonded to one chemical conversion treatment surface with a two-component curable polyurethane adhesive. It bonded together by the dry lamination method through the agent.
- acid-modified polypropylene thinness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as acid-modified PP
- polypropylene thickness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as PP
- a treatment liquid composed of a mixed liquid of alumina particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m, phosphoric acid and a resin component (modified epoxy resin) was used. Further, the treatment liquid was applied by a roll coating method and baked for 2 minutes under the condition that the film temperature was 190 ° C. Further, the coating amount of the treatment liquid was 1 g / m 2 (dry weight), and the thickness of the chemical conversion treatment layer 114a after drying was formed to 1 ⁇ m.
- Comparative Example 1 The electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 1 is subjected to a chemical conversion treatment on both surfaces of aluminum (thickness 40 ⁇ m), and a two-component curable polyurethane adhesive with a stretched nylon film (thickness 25 ⁇ m) on one chemical conversion treatment surface. And bonded together by a dry laminating method. Next, acid-modified polypropylene (thickness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as acid-modified PP) and polypropylene (thickness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as PP) were coextruded and laminated on the other chemical conversion treated surface.
- acid-modified polypropylene thickness: 23 ⁇ m, hereinafter abbreviated as acid-modified PP
- PP polypropylene
- a treatment liquid comprising a mixed liquid of alumina particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m, phosphoric acid and a resin component (aminated phenol) was used. Further, the treatment liquid was applied by a roll coating method and baked for 2 minutes under the condition that the film temperature was 190 ° C. Further, the coating amount of the treatment liquid was 1 g / m 2 (dry weight), and the thickness of the chemical conversion treatment layer after drying was formed to 1 ⁇ m.
- stretched nylon film corresponding to the base material layer / two-component curable polyurethane adhesive corresponding to the adhesive layer / chemical conversion treatment layer / aluminum equivalent to the barrier layer / acid corresponding to the acid-modified polyolefin layer A packaging material for an electrochemical cell according to Example 1 composed of PP corresponding to a modified PP / thermal adhesive layer was obtained.
- the peeled PP using a pulling machine (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, AGS-50D (trade name)) was peeled off from the packaging material in the longitudinal direction at a speed of 50 mm / min, and the strength at the time of peeling was measured. This was performed for five samples, and the average value was used as the laminate strength (N / 15 mm). At this time, when the laminate strength was larger than 5 N / 15 mm, it was judged that the corrosion resistance against the electrolytic solution was excellent ( ⁇ ). Further, when the laminate strength was smaller than 5 N / 15 mm, it was judged that the corrosion resistance against the electrolytic solution was low (x). The results are shown in Table 1.
- the insulation evaluation was performed by cutting the packaging materials according to Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 into strips of 15 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and then nickel tabs (4 mm ⁇ 30 mm) coated with carbon particles having an average particle size of 44 ⁇ m on the surface. ) And PP of the packaging material were brought into contact with each other and heat sealed while being pressed (0.2 MPa, 190 ° C.) with a heat seal bar (width 30 mm).
- the packaging materials according to Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were excellent in corrosion resistance against the electrolytic solution ( ⁇ ).
- the packaging material which concerns on Example 1, Example 2, and a comparative example did not observe the float by the delamination between aluminum and a resin layer.
- the packaging material 110 which concerns on Example 1 and Example 2 was excellent in insulation ((circle)).
- the packaging material according to Comparative Example 1 had low insulation (x).
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 was applied with a treatment liquid in which a binder solution was added to an aqueous solution in which metal oxide fine particles 111 were dispersed on both surfaces of aluminum (thickness 35 ⁇ m) as a barrier layer 114.
- An insulating layer 117 having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m was formed by drying.
- aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.01 ⁇ m (the average particle diameter was calculated by measuring the size of the metal oxide fine particles in a photograph using a transmission electron microscope) was used for the metal oxide fine particles 111. Using.
- the treatment liquid is obtained by dispersing the metal oxide fine particles 111 in an aqueous solution at a weight concentration of 30% and the weight part of the aqueous solution in which the metal oxide fine particles 111 are dispersed is 10, the amount of phosphoric acid contained in the binder solution. The weight part was 0.9, and the other resin weight parts were 0.1.
- a stretched nylon film (thickness 15 ⁇ m) as the base material layer 112 is bonded by a dry lamination method through a two-component curable polyurethane adhesive, and acid-modified polypropylene (thickness 20 ⁇ m) is formed on the upper surface of the insulating layer 117.
- polypropylene (thickness 15 ⁇ m) were laminated by a melt coextrusion method to form an acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 and a thermal adhesive layer 116.
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 4 has the same layer configuration except for the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 and the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 of the packaging material 110 for an electrochemical cell according to Example 4 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.01 ⁇ m to a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 5 has the same layer configuration except for the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 and the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 of the packaging material 110 for an electrochemical cell according to Example 5 was formed to a thickness of 3 ⁇ m using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.01 ⁇ m.
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 6 has the same layer configuration except for the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 and the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 of the packaging material 110 for an electrochemical cell according to Example 6 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 7 has the same layer configuration except for the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 and the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 of the packaging material 110 for an electrochemical cell according to Example 7 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 2 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 8 has the same layer configuration except for the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to Example 3 and the insulating layer 117.
- the insulating layer 117 of the packaging material 110 for an electrochemical cell according to Example 8 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.7 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 2 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- a chemical conversion treatment layer 118 is provided on the upper surface of the insulating layer 117 of the electrochemical cell packaging material 110 according to the third embodiment.
- a treatment liquid composed of a phenol resin, a chromium fluoride compound, and phosphoric acid was applied as a treatment liquid by a roll coating method, and baked under conditions where the film temperature was 180 ° C. or higher.
- the coating amount of chromium was 10 mg / m 2 (dry weight).
- Comparative Example 2 The electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 2 was not provided with the insulating layer 117 according to Example 3. That is, a chemical conversion treatment layer 118 is provided on both surfaces of aluminum (40 ⁇ m thickness) as a barrier layer, and a stretched nylon film as a base material layer 112 is provided on one surface with a two-component curable polyurethane adhesive in a dry lamination method. Then, acid-modified polypropylene (thickness 20 ⁇ m) and polypropylene (thickness 15 ⁇ m) were laminated on the other surface by a melt coextrusion method to form an acid-modified polyolefin layer and a thermal adhesive layer. The chemical conversion treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 9.
- the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 3 has the same layer structure as the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Example 3 except for the insulating layer.
- the insulating layer of the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Comparative Example 3 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 4 has the same layer structure as the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Example 3 except for the insulating layer.
- the insulating layer of the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Comparative Example 4 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 2 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 5 has the same layer structure as the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Example 3 except for the insulating layer.
- the insulating layer of the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Comparative Example 5 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.01 ⁇ m and a layer thickness of 5 ⁇ m. The average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was calculated by measuring the size of metal oxide fine particles with a photograph using a transmission electron microscope.
- the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Comparative Example 6 has the same layer structure as the electrochemical cell packaging material according to Example 3 except for the insulating layer.
- the insulating layer of the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Comparative Example 6 was formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle size of 0.7 ⁇ m to a thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of aluminum oxide was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (trade name: LA920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). [Evaluation of insulation]
- the insulation was evaluated by cutting the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Examples 3 to 9 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6 into 40 mm ⁇ 120 mm strips, and then aluminum tabs (30 mm ⁇ 100 mm) and the polypropylene side of the packaging material. The surface was brought into contact with the wire (inner diameter: 25.4 ⁇ m) while being heat-sealed at 190 ° C. with a heat seal pressure of 1.0 MPa and pressed by a heat seal bar (width 30 mm).
- the wire was bitten into the acid-modified polypropylene and polypropylene by pressing the heat seal bar, and the time during which the insulating property decreased between the aluminum tab and the aluminum of the packaging material was measured.
- the results are shown in Table 2. It should be noted that the time for the insulation to decrease is the time (seconds) until the resistance value reaches 100 M ⁇ or less after the voltage of 100 V is continuously applied between the aluminum tab and the aluminum of the packaging material after heat sealing is started.
- the packaging materials according to Examples 3 to 9 did not cause a short circuit even after 60 seconds.
- the packaging materials according to Examples 3 to 9 are Comparative Example 2 in which the insulating layer 117 is not formed, and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 in which the insulating layer is formed using aluminum oxide having an average particle size larger than 0.7 ⁇ m. It was found that the insulation was superior.
- Corrosion resistance was evaluated by changing the laminate strength between the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 before and after being immersed in the electrolytic solution of the packaging material for electrochemical cells according to Examples 3 to 9 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6. Was measured.
- a strip strip immersed in the electrolytic solution and a strip strip not immersed in the electrolytic solution are used as a barrier layer 114 by using a tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, AGS-50D (trade name)).
- acid-modified polypropylene which is the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115 were peeled in the longitudinal direction at a speed of 50 mm / min.
- the strength at the time of peeling was measured to obtain the laminate strength (N / 15 mm) of the barrier layer 114 and the acid-modified polyolefin layer 115.
- Table 3 The results are shown in Table 3.
- the moldability was evaluated by cutting the electrochemical cell packaging materials according to Examples 3 to 9 and Comparative Examples 2, 5, and 6 into 80 mm ⁇ 120 mm each, and then molding metal molds with a diameter of 35 mm ⁇ 50 mm (female) Mold) and a corresponding mold (male mold), and cold-molded to a depth of 5.0 mm at 0.1 MPa. How many of the 5 sheets are on the surface of the packaging material on the side of the thermal adhesive layer 116. Whether or not pinholes were generated was visually observed. The results are shown in Table 4.
- the present invention can be used as a package for packaging chemical batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lithium metal primary batteries or secondary batteries, lithium polymer batteries, electric double layer capacitors, capacitors, and electrolytic capacitors.
- chemical batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lithium metal primary batteries or secondary batteries, lithium polymer batteries, electric double layer capacitors, capacitors, and electrolytic capacitors.
- SYMBOLS 110 Packaging material 111 Metal oxide fine particle 112 Base material layer 113 Adhesive layer 114 Barrier layer 114a Chemical conversion treatment layer 114b Insulation layer 115 Acid-modified polyolefin layer 116 Thermal adhesion layer 117 Insulation layer 118 Chemical conversion treatment layer 120 Package 120a Storage part 120b Cover part 121 Lithium ion battery 122 Lithium ion battery body 123a Positive electrode tab 123b Negative electrode tab
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Abstract
Description
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の第1実施形態に係る電気化学セル用包装材料110について説明する。図1は第1実施形態のリチウムイオン電池121の斜視図であり、図2は図1中のA-A線断面図である。
(1)ビガット軟化点115℃以上、融点150℃以上のホモタイプ
(2)ビガット軟化点105℃以上、融点130℃以上のエチレンープロピレンとの共重合体(ランダム共重合タイプ)
(3)融点110℃以上である不飽和カルボン酸を用い酸変性重合した単体又はブレンド物等を用いることができる。
図4は第2実施形態に係る包装材料110を示す断面図である。説明の便宜上、前述の図1~図3に示す第1実施形態と同様の説明には同一の符号を付している。本実施形態の包装材料110は熱接着層116側の化成処理層114aには変性エポキシ樹脂を含む絶縁層114bが積層されている。絶縁層114bに用いる変性エポキシ樹脂は第1実施形態の化成処理層114aに含まれる変性エポキシ樹脂を用いることができる。
図5は第3実施形態に係る包装材料110を示す断面図である。説明の便宜上、前述の図1~図3に示す第1実施形態と同様の説明には同一の符号を付している。本実施形態の包装材料110はバリア層114の熱接着層116側には化成処理層114aの代わりに金属酸化物微粒子111を含む絶縁層117が積層されている。
図7は第4実施形態に係る包装材料110を示す断面図である。説明の便宜上、前述の図1~図3に示す第1実施形態、図5に示す第3実施形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付している。本実施形態の包装材料110はバリア層114の両面と絶縁層117の熱接着層116側の面には化成処理層118が設けられている。
比較例1に係る電気化学セル用包装材料はアルミニウム(厚さ40μm)の両面に化成処理を施し、一方の化成処理面に、延伸ナイロンフィルム(厚さ25μm)を2液硬化型ポリウレタン系接着剤を介してドライラミネート法により貼り合わせた。次に、他の化成処理面に酸変性ポリプロピレン(厚さ23μm、以下酸変性PPと略す)とポリプロピレン(厚さ23μm、以下PPと略す)を共押出して積層した。
実施例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料110はバリア層114であるアルミニウム(厚さ35μm)の両面に金属酸化物微粒子111を分散させた水溶液にバインダー溶液を添加した処理液を塗布した後、乾燥させて厚さ1μmの絶縁層117を形成した。このとき、金属酸化物微粒子111には平均粒径が0.01μm(透過型電子顕微鏡を用いた写真にて金属酸化物微粒子のサイズを測定して平均粒径を算出した。)の酸化アルミニウムを用いた。また、処理液は金属酸化物微粒子111を水溶液中に重量濃度30%で分散させ、金属酸化物微粒子111を分散させた水溶液の重量部を10としたときに、バインダー溶液に含まれるリン酸の重量部を0.9、その他の樹脂の重量部を0.1とした。次に、基材層112である延伸ナイロンフィルム(厚さ15μm)を2液硬化型ポリウレタン系接着剤を介してドライラミネート法により貼り合わせ、絶縁層117の上面に酸変性ポリプロピレン(厚さ20μm)とポリプロピレン(厚さ15μm)を溶融共押出し法により積層して酸変性ポリオレフィン層115と熱接着層116を形成した。
比較例2に係る電気化学セル用包装材料は実施例3に係る絶縁層117を設けなかった。つまり、バリア層であるアルミニウム(厚さ40μm)の両面に化成処理層118を設け、一方の面に基材層112である延伸ナイロンフィルムを2液硬化型ポリウレタン系接着剤を介してドライラミネート法により貼り合わせ、他方の面に酸変性ポリプロピレン(厚さ20μm)とポリプロピレン(厚さ15μm)を溶融共押出し法により積層して酸変性ポリオレフィン層と熱接着層を形成した。なお、化成処理は実施例9と同様の方法により行った。
比較例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料は実施例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料と絶縁層を除いて同一の層構成をとる。比較例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料の絶縁層は平均粒径が1.0μmの酸化アルミニウムを用いて1μmの層厚を形成した。なお、酸化アルミニウムの平均粒径はレーザ回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(株式会社堀場社製 商品名:LA920)で測定した。
比較例4に係る電気化学セル用包装材料は実施例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料と絶縁層を除いて同一の層構成をとる。比較例4に係る電気化学セル用包装材料の絶縁層は平均粒径が1.0μmの酸化アルミニウムを用いて2μmの層厚を形成した。なお、酸化アルミニウムの平均粒径はレーザ回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(株式会社堀場社製 商品名:LA920)で測定した。
比較例5に係る電気化学セル用包装材料は実施例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料と絶縁層を除いて同一の層構成をとる。比較例5に係る電気化学セル用包装材料の絶縁層は平均粒径が0.01μmの酸化アルミニウムを用いて5μmの層厚を形成した。なお、酸化アルミニウムの平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡を用いた写真にて金属酸化物微粒子のサイズを測定して算出した。
比較例6に係る電気化学セル用包装材料は実施例3に係る電気化学セル用包装材料と絶縁層を除いて同一の層構成をとる。比較例6に係る電気化学セル用包装材料の絶縁層は平均粒径が0.7μmの酸化アルミニウムを用いて1μmの層厚を形成した。なお、酸化アルミニウムの平均粒径はレーザ回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(株式会社堀場社製 商品名:LA920)で測定した。
[絶縁性の評価]
耐腐食性の評価は実施例3~9、比較例2~6に係る電気化学セル用包装材料の電解液に浸漬する前後におけるバリア層114と酸変性ポリオレフィン層115との間のラミネート強度の変化を測定して行った。
[成型性の評価]
111 金属酸化物微粒子
112 基材層
113 接着層
114 バリア層
114a 化成処理層
114b 絶縁層
115 酸変性ポリオレフィン層
116 熱接着層
117 絶縁層
118 化成処理層
120 包装体
120a 収納部
120b 蓋部
121 リチウムイオン電池
122 リチウムイオン電池本体
123a 正極タブ
123b 負極タブ
Claims (9)
- 樹脂フィルムからなる基材層と、最内層に配して熱接着性樹脂からなる熱接着層と、前記基材層と前記熱接着層との間に配して金属箔からなるバリア層と、を少なくとも積層して構成される電気化学セル用包装材料であって、前記バリア層の少なくとも前記熱接着層側の面にはアルミナ粒子と変性エポキシ樹脂とを含む化成処理層が形成されていることを特徴とする電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記熱接着層側に形成された前記化成処理層には変性エポキシ樹脂を含む絶縁層が積層されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記絶縁層の厚みが0.5μm以上5μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記絶縁層の厚みが前記アルミナ粒子の粒径より大きいことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記絶縁層はバインダー溶液に前記金属酸化物微粒子を分散させた処理液を塗布して形成されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記バインダー溶液がリン酸を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記絶縁層の厚みが2μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれかに記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
- 前記絶縁層の前記熱接着層側の面はクロム系化成処理又は非クロム系化成処理が施されていることを特徴とする請求項5~請求項8のいずれかに記載の電気化学セル用包装材料。
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EP16193346.0A EP3154102B1 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2012-10-22 | Packaging material for electrochemical cell |
US14/352,624 US10614962B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2012-10-22 | Packaging material for electrochemical cell |
KR1020147010901A KR101554356B1 (ko) | 2011-10-25 | 2012-10-22 | 전기화학 셀용 포장재료 |
CN201280052587.XA CN103907219B (zh) | 2011-10-25 | 2012-10-22 | 电化学电池用包装材料 |
EP12843285.3A EP2772958B1 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2012-10-22 | Packaging material for electrochemical cell |
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JP2011233953A JP5278521B2 (ja) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | 電気化学セル用包装材料 |
JP2012223506A JP5310922B1 (ja) | 2012-10-05 | 2012-10-05 | 電気化学セル用包装材料 |
JP2012-223506 | 2012-10-05 |
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US (1) | US10614962B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2772958B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101554356B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103907219B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013061932A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3154102A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
EP2772958B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
EP2772958A1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
KR20140077182A (ko) | 2014-06-23 |
CN103907219B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
US20140255765A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
EP2772958A4 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
EP3154102B1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
CN103907219A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
US10614962B2 (en) | 2020-04-07 |
KR101554356B1 (ko) | 2015-09-18 |
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