WO2013041002A1 - 一种干馏设备 - Google Patents

一种干馏设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013041002A1
WO2013041002A1 PCT/CN2012/081406 CN2012081406W WO2013041002A1 WO 2013041002 A1 WO2013041002 A1 WO 2013041002A1 CN 2012081406 W CN2012081406 W CN 2012081406W WO 2013041002 A1 WO2013041002 A1 WO 2013041002A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
discharge
retorting
plate
feed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/081406
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张大伟
Original Assignee
密西西比国际水务有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 密西西比国际水务有限公司 filed Critical 密西西比国际水务有限公司
Priority to US14/346,054 priority Critical patent/US20140332362A1/en
Publication of WO2013041002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013041002A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F27B7/162—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall the projections consisting of separate lifting elements, e.g. lifting shovels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/208—Rotary drum furnace with interior agitating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/211—Arrangement of a plurality of drums

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a material processing device, and particularly relates to a retorting device for a different diameter roller for treating organic waste. Background technique
  • the drum of the conventional retorting equipment is a straight cylinder structure, the retorting drum and the inlet and outlet drums are equal in front and rear, and the retorting drum is equipped with a flipping plate inside.
  • the feeding end of the drum ie the front end
  • the discharge end of the drum ie the rear end
  • the front and rear angles are at a certain angle, so that the material in the drum is in the heating process, under the action of the turning plate in the drum, continuous Moving from the feed end to the discharge end, and finally discharging the drum from the discharge end.
  • the material is evaporated by water (temperature is 100 ⁇ 200 °C), organic matter is pyrolyzed (temperature is 400 ⁇ 500 °C), carbonization (temperature is 500 ⁇ 600 °C), activation (temperature is at 750 ⁇ 950 ° C) and other processes, the traditional straight-through drum uses segment heating to complete the above process, it is difficult to accurately control the temperature of each process, or waste energy or affect product quality.
  • the present invention provides a retorting apparatus comprising: a retorting drum, the two ends of which are respectively a feeding drum and a discharging drum, the feeding drum has a spiral feeding plate, and the discharging drum has a spiral discharging plate, and the diameter of the dry distillation drum is larger than the feeding roller and the discharging The diameter of the drum;
  • the inner wall of the retorting drum is equipped with a plurality of rows of flip plates, and there is a gap between each two rows of flip plates; each row of flip plates is composed of a plurality of flip plates, each of which is made up of a plane and It consists of a beveled triangle with the plane of each row of flip- slabs arranged horizontally with the tip of the triangle facing the discharge opening of the retorting drum.
  • the dry distillation drum is placed in the combustion chamber, and the support roller and the discharge drum outer wall are respectively provided with support rollers, the support roller is located on the idler; the outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a transmission ring gear, and the motor drives the discharge roller and the dry distillation roller Rotate forward or reverse with the feed roller.
  • the retorting apparatus wherein the feed drum is connected to a gas collection chamber of a retorting apparatus; and the discharge drum is connected to a discharge chamber of the retorting apparatus.
  • connection portion between the dry distillation drum and the discharge drum is a conical cylinder, and the conical cylinder has a discharge plate.
  • the angle between the slope of the flip plate and the axis of the drum is 10°-30°.
  • the dry distillation apparatus wherein the dry distillation drum, the feed drum, the discharge drum, the flip material plate, the spiral feed plate, the spiral discharge plate, the discharge plate and the cone cylinder are made of 310S stainless steel.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • the residence time of the material in the dry distillation drum can be controlled. It is not necessary to lengthen the length of the drum to improve the reliability of equipment operation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a different diameter roller of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1, showing the structural shape of the flipper plate.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the different diameter drum of the present invention installed on a retorting apparatus.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3.
  • a retorting drum has a feed drum and a discharge drum at both ends, and the diameter of the retorting drum is larger than the diameters of the feed drum and the discharge drum.
  • the inner wall of the retorting drum is equipped with a plurality of rows of flip plates, and there is a gap between each two rows of flip plates; each row of flip plates is composed of a plurality of flip plates, each of which is made up of a plane and It consists of a beveled triangle with the plane of each row of flip- slabs arranged horizontally with the tip of the triangle facing the discharge opening of the retorting drum.
  • the dry distillation drum is placed in the combustion chamber, and the support roller and the discharge drum outer wall are respectively provided with support rollers, the support roller is located on the idler; the outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a transmission ring gear, and the motor drives the discharge roller and the dry distillation roller Rotating with the feed roller;
  • the feed roller is connected to the gas collection chamber of the retorting device;
  • the discharge roller is connected to the discharge chamber of the retorting device;
  • the dry distillation drum is located in the combustion chamber;
  • connection between the dry distillation drum and the discharge small drum is a conical cylinder, and the conical cylinder has a discharge plate therein;
  • the inner wall of the dry distillation drum is provided with a plurality of rows of flip-shaped guide plates, and a distance is maintained between each two rows of turned-off guide plates, and an expansion joint is left between each two rows of flip-shaped guide plates;
  • the feeding drum has a spiral feeding plate, and the angle between the spiral feeding plate and the feeding drum axis is right-handed 20°-35°;
  • the dry distillation drum has a diameter of 1000 mm to 1500 mm and a length of 2 m to 10 m;
  • the feed roller and the discharge drum have a diameter of 500mm-800mm and a length of 1200-2500mm ; a dry distillation drum, a feed roller, a discharge drum, a flip plate, a spiral feed plate, a spiral discharge plate, a discharge plate and a cone
  • the cylinders are made of 310S stainless steel.
  • the dry distillation apparatus provided by the present invention is shown in Fig. 3, wherein the middle portion is a dry distillation drum 1, one end is a feed drum 2, and the other end is a discharge drum 3.
  • the diameter of the dry distillation drum 1 is larger than the diameters of the feed roller 2 and the discharge drum 3.
  • the dry distillation drum 1 of the present invention may have a diameter of 1000 mm to 1500 mm, and the feed roller 2 and the discharge drum 3 may have a diameter of 500 mm to 800 mm.
  • a front view of the dry distillation drum structure of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, and an end view thereof is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the feed drum 2 is connected to the gas collection chamber 14 of the retorting apparatus 1; the discharge drum is connected to the discharge chamber 11 of the retorting apparatus 1;
  • the dry distillation drum 1 is located in the combustion chamber 15;
  • the outer circumferences of the feed roller 2 and the discharge drum 3 each have a support raceway 9, and the support raceway 9 is seated on the idler roller 12;
  • the outer drum of the discharging drum 3 has a transmission ring gear 10, and the driving gear ring 10 is driven by the motor 13 to drive the discharging roller 3, the retorting chamber 1, and the feeding roller 2 to rotate;
  • the connecting portion between the dry distillation drum 1 and the discharge drum 3 is a cone cylinder 8, and the cone cylinder 8 has a discharge plate 7 therein;
  • the inner wall of the dry distillation drum 1 is provided with a plurality of rows of flip plates 4, and a distance is maintained between each two rows of flip guide plates 4, and an expansion joint is left between the two flip plates 4 of each row;
  • the angle between the slope and the axis of the drum is 10°-30°.
  • the discharge drum 3 has a spiral discharge plate 6 , and the angle between the spiral discharge plate 6 and the discharge small roller 3 is left-handed by 20°-35° ;
  • the feeding roller 2 has a spiral feeding plate 5, and the angle between the spiral feeding plate 5 and the feeding small roller 2 is 20°-35° to the right ;
  • the dry distillation drum 1 in the retorting apparatus of the present invention is a different diameter drum having a feed drum 2 at one end and a discharge drum 3 at the other end.
  • the feed drum 2 is connected to the gas collection chamber 14 of the retorting apparatus, and the discharge drum is connected to the discharge chamber 11 of the retorting apparatus, and the retorting drum 1 is located in the combustion chamber 15.
  • the outer walls of the feed roller 2 and the discharge drum 3 each have a support race 9 on which the support race 9 is seated.
  • the outer ring of the discharge drum 3 has a transmission ring gear 10, and the drive ring 10 is driven by the motor 13 to drive the discharge small drum 3, the dry distillation chamber 1, and the feed small drum 2 to perform forward or reverse rotation (this is a well-known technique, and no detailed description is made. description).
  • the connection between the dry distillation drum 1 and the discharge drum 3 is a conical cylinder 8, and the conical cylinder 8 has a discharge plate 7 therein.
  • the inner wall of the dry distillation drum 1 is provided with a plurality of rows of guide plates 4, and a distance is maintained between each two rows of the guide plates 4, and an expansion joint is left between the two rows of the guide plates 4 in each row.
  • the length of the plane of the plate and the slope are 300 mm, and the angle between the slope and the axis of the drum is 25°.
  • the plane of each row of flip plates is horizontally arranged with the tip of the triangle facing the discharge port of the heating drum (as shown in Figure 2).
  • the discharge drum 3 has a spiral discharge plate 6, and the angle between the spiral discharge plate 6 and the discharge drum 3 is 30° left-handed.
  • the feed roller 2 has a spiral feed plate 5, and the angle between the spiral feed plate 5 and the feed roller 2 is 30° right-handed.
  • the dry distillation drum 1 has a diameter of 1300 mm and a length of 8 meters.
  • the feed roller 2 and the discharge roller 3 have a diameter of 800 mm, the length of the feed roller 2 is 1500, and the length of the discharge roller 3 is 2500 mm.
  • Dry distillation drum 1, feed roller 2, discharge drum 3, flip material plate 4, spiral feed plate 5, spiral discharge plate 6, discharge plate 7, cone cylinder 8 is made of 310S stainless steel.
  • the dry distillation drum 1, the feed drum 2, the discharge drum 3 rotate in a clockwise direction (as viewed from the end of the gas collection chamber 14), and the material passes through the material conveying device 17 (this is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail). It is conveyed into the feed drum 2 and enters the main retorting drum 1 by the action of the spiral feed plate 5.
  • the material in the retorting drum 1 is turned by the flipping plate 4, and is heated to 100-200 ° C for evaporation; when the water evaporation process is finished, the temperature is raised to 400-500 ° C.
  • the organic matter is pyrolyzed; when the organic pyrolysis process is finished, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ° C for carbonization; when the carbonization process is finished, the temperature is increased by 750-950 ° C for activation.
  • the temperature of the combustion chamber 15 in different stages is accurately controlled, energy is saved, and product quality is guaranteed.
  • the input dry distillation drum 1 The content of moisture and organic matter contained in the material is different, and the residence time of each process in the dry distillation drum 1 and the entire process is controlled and adjusted to control the quality of the product.
  • the dry distillation drum 1, the feed drum 2, and the discharge drum 3 are rotated counterclockwise (as viewed from the end of the gas collection chamber 14).
  • the material in the dry distillation drum 1 is moved by the feeding material 4 from the feeding end to the discharging end, and enters the discharging drum 3 under the action of the discharging plate 7, and the spiral in the discharging drum 3 Under the action of the discharge plate 6, it enters the discharge chamber.

Abstract

一种干馏设备：一干馏滚筒（1），两端分别为一进料滚筒（2）和一出料滚筒（3），干馏滚筒（1）的直径大于进料滚筒（2）和出料滚筒（3）的直径；干馏滚筒（1）内壁安装有多排翻导料板（4），每两排翻导料板（4）之间留有间距；每排翻导料板（4）由多块翻导料板（4）组成，每块翻导料板（4）由一个平面和一个斜面三角形组成，每排翻导料板（4）的平面为水平排列，三角形的尖端朝向干馏滚筒（1）的出料口；干馏滚筒（1）置于燃烧室（15）内，进料滚筒（2）和出料滚筒（3）外壁各安置有支撑滚圈（9），支撑滚圈（9）坐落在托辊（12）上；出料滚筒（3）外壁设有传动齿圈（10），由电动机（13）驱动出料滚筒（3）、干馏滚筒（1）和进料滚筒（2）一起正向或反向转动。本发明可以控制和调整物料在干馏滚筒（1）内各个工艺流程以及整个流程的停留时间，控制产品的质量。

Description

一种干馏设备 技术领域
本发明属于材料加工设备， 特别涉及一种处理有机废弃物的异径滚筒 的干馏设备。 背景技术
传统的干馏设备的滚筒为直筒式结构， 干馏滚筒和进、 出料滚筒前后 等径， 干馏滚筒内部安装有翻料板。 安装时， 滚筒进料端 （即前端） 高于 滚筒出料端 （即后端）， 前后成一定的角度， 使滚筒中的物料在加热过程 中， 在滚筒内翻料板的作用下， 连续由进料端向出料端移动， 最后从出料 端排出滚筒。
传统的滚筒结构存在以下不足：
1 )物料在干馏过程中， 要经过水分蒸发（温度在 100〜200°C )、 有机 物热解 （温度在 400〜500°C )、 炭化 （温度在 500〜600°C )、 活化 （温度 在 750〜950°C )等工艺流程，传统的直通式滚筒采用分段加热来完成上述 流程，很难准确地控制每段流程的温度，或造成浪费能源或影响产品质量。
2 ) 传统的直通式滚筒运行时， 物料连续输入滚筒内， 由于输入滚筒 内物料所含的水分、 有机物的含量不同， 传统的直通式滚筒很难根据输入 物料的含水率等调整物料在滚筒内各个工艺流程以及整个流程的停留时 间， 无法控制产品的质量。
3 ) 某些物料干馏处理， 需要在滚筒中停留较长的时间， 传统的直通 式滚筒需要很长的滚筒才能够满足需要， 滚筒长度增加后， 厚度、 材质都 需要增加。 干馏是在高温下进行， 滚筒到了一定的长度后， 在高温中强度 就无法满足要求。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种干馏设备， 以解决传统直通式滚筒存在的 问题。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供的干馏设备， 其包括： 一干馏滚筒， 其两端分别为一进料滚筒和一出料滚筒， 进料滚筒内有 螺旋进料板， 出料滚筒内有螺旋出料板， 干馏滚筒的直径大于进料滚筒和 出料滚筒的直径；
干馏滚筒内壁安装有多排翻导料板， 每两排翻导料板之间留有间距； 每排翻导料板由多块翻导料板组成， 每块翻导料板由一个平面和一个斜面 三角形组成， 每排翻导料板的平面为水平排列， 三角形的尖端朝向干馏滚 筒的出料口。
干馏滚筒置于燃烧室内， 进料滚筒和出料滚筒外壁各安置有支撑滚 圈， 支撑滚圈坐落在托辊上； 出料滚筒外壁设有传动齿圈， 由电机驱动出 料滚筒、 干馏滚筒和进料滚筒一起正向或反向转动。
所述的干馏设备， 其中， 进料滚筒与干馏设备的气体收集室连接； 出 料滚筒与干馏设备的出料室连接。
所述的干馏设备， 其中， 干馏滚筒与出料滚筒之间的连接部位为锥形 筒体， 锥形筒体内有出料板。
所述的干馏设备， 其中， 螺旋出料板与出料滚筒轴线夹角为左旋
20°-35
所述的干馏设备， 其中， 螺旋进料板与进料滚筒轴线夹角为右旋 20°-35
所述的干馏设备，其中，翻导料板的斜面与滚筒轴线的夹角为 10°-30°。 所述的干馏设备， 其中， 干馏滚筒、进料滚筒、 出料滚筒、 翻导料板、 螺旋进料板、 螺旋出料板、 出料板和锥形筒体为 310S不锈钢材质。
本发明与公知技术相比， 具有如下效果：
1 ) 在物料输入干馏大滚筒后， 根据工艺流程的不同阶段， 准确地控 制不同阶段的温度， 节约能源， 保证产品质量。
2 ) 根据输入干馏大滚筒内物料所含的水分、 有机物的含量不同， 控 制和调整物料在干馏大滚筒内各个工艺流程以及整个流程的停留时间， 控 制产品的质量。
3 ) 可以根据工艺需要， 控制物料在干馏大滚筒内的停留时间， 不需 要加长滚筒的长度， 提高设备运行的可靠性。
像本发明采用的异径滚筒的干馏设备， 至今未见有报导。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的异径滚筒结构示意图。
图 2为沿图 1中 A-A线的剖视图， 显示了翻导料板的结构形状。 图 3为本发明的异径滚筒安装在干馏设备上示意图。
图 4为沿图 3中 B-B线的剖视图。
图中标记说明
1干馏滚筒； 2进料滚筒； 3出料滚筒； 4翻导料板； 5螺旋进料板； 6 螺旋出料板； 7出料板； 8锥形筒体； 9支撑滚圈； 10传动齿圈； 11出料 室； 12托辊； 13电机； 14气体收集室； 15燃烧室； 16干馏设备； 17物 料输送设备。 具体实施方式
本发明提供的干馏设备包括：
一干馏滚筒， 其两端分别为一进料滚筒和一出料滚筒， 干馏滚筒的直 径大于进料滚筒和出料滚筒的直径。
干馏滚筒内壁安装有多排翻导料板， 每两排翻导料板之间留有间距； 每排翻导料板由多块翻导料板组成， 每块翻导料板由一个平面和一个斜面 三角形组成， 每排翻导料板的平面为水平排列， 三角形的尖端朝向干馏滚 筒的出料口。
干馏滚筒置于燃烧室内， 进料滚筒和出料滚筒外壁各安置有支撑滚 圈， 支撑滚圈坐落在托辊上； 出料滚筒外壁设有传动齿圈， 由电机驱动出 料滚筒、 干馏滚筒和进料滚筒转动；
进料滚筒与干馏设备的气体收集室连接； 出料滚筒与干馏设备的出料 室连接；
干馏滚筒位于燃烧室中；
干馏滚筒与出料小滚筒之间的连接部位为锥形筒体，锥形筒体内有出 料板；
干馏滚筒内壁安装有多排翻导料板， 每两排翻导料板之间保持一距 离， 且每排两块翻导料板之间留有膨胀缝；
出料滚筒内有螺旋出料板， 螺旋出料板与出料滚筒轴线夹角为左旋 20°-35° o
进料滚筒内有螺旋进料板， 螺旋进料板与进料滚筒轴线夹角为右旋 20°-35°；
干馏滚筒的直径为 1000mm- 1500mm， 长度为 2米 -10米；
进料滚筒和出料滚筒直径为 500mm-800mm， 长度为 1200-2500mm; 干馏滚筒、 进料滚筒、 出料滚筒、 翻导料板、 螺旋进料板、 螺旋出料 板、 出料板和锥形筒体均采用 310S不锈钢制造。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一歩说明。
如图所示， 本发明提供的干馏设备如图 3， 其中部为干馏滚筒 1， 一 端为进料滚筒 2， 另一端为出料滚筒 3。干馏滚筒 1的直径大于进料滚筒 2 和出料滚筒 3 的直径。 本发明的干馏滚筒 1 的直径可以是 1000mm- 1500mm, 进料滚筒 2和出料滚筒 3直径可以是 500mm-800mm。 本发明的干馏滚筒结构正面视图如图 1所示， 其端面视图如图 4所示。
进料滚筒 2与干馏设备 1的气体收集室 14连接； 出料滚筒与干馏设 备 1的出料室 11连接；
干馏滚筒 1位于燃烧室 15中；
进料滚筒 2和出料滚筒 3外壁各有支撑滚圈 9， 支撑滚圈 9坐落在托 辊 12上；
出料滚筒 3外壁有传动齿圈 10，由电机 13驱动传动齿圈 10带动出料 滚筒 3、 干馏室 1、 进料滚筒 2转动；
干馏滚筒 1与出料滚筒 3之间的连接部位为锥形筒体 8， 锥形筒体 8 内有出料板 7 ;
干馏滚筒 1内壁安装有多排翻导料板 4， 每两排翻导料板 4之间保持 一距离， 且每排两块翻导料板 4之间留有膨胀缝； 翻导料板的斜面与滚筒 轴线的夹角为 10°-30°。
出料滚筒 3内有螺旋出料板 6， 螺旋出料板 6与出料小滚筒 3轴线夹 角为左旋 20°-35°;
进料滚筒 2内有螺旋进料板 5， 螺旋进料板 5与进料小滚筒 2轴线夹 角为右旋 20°-35°;
实施例： 本发明的干馏设备中的干馏滚筒 1为一异径滚筒， 其一端为进料滚筒 2， 另一端为出料滚筒 3。 进料滚筒 2与干馏设备的气体收集室 14连接， 出料滚筒与干馏设备的出料室 11连接， 干馏滚筒 1位于燃烧室 15中。 进 料滚筒 2和出料滚筒 3外壁各有支撑滚圈 9， 支撑滚圈 9坐落在托辊 12 上。出料滚筒 3外壁有传动齿圈 10， 由电机 13驱动传动齿圈 10带动出料 小滚筒 3、 干馏室 1、 进料小滚筒 2进行正向或反向转动 （此为公知技术， 不作详细描述）。
干馏滚筒 1与出料滚筒 3之间的连接部位为锥形筒体 8， 锥形筒体 8 内有出料板 7。 干馏大滚筒 1 内壁安装有多排翻导料板 4， 每两排翻导料 板 4之间保持一距离， 且每排两块翻导料板 4之间留有膨胀缝。 两排翻料 导料板之间设有间距； 每排翻料导料板由多块翻导料板组成， 每块翻料导 料板由一个平面和一个斜面三角形组成， 每块翻导料板平面和斜面的长度 为 300mm， 斜面与滚筒轴线的夹角为 25°。 每排翻导料板的平面为水平排 列， 三角形的尖端朝向加热滚筒的出料口 （如图 2所示）。
出料滚筒 3内有螺旋出料板 6， 螺旋出料板 6与出料滚筒 3轴线夹角 为左旋 30°。 进料滚筒 2内有螺旋进料板 5， 螺旋进料板 5与进料滚筒 2 轴线夹角为右旋 30°。
干馏滚筒 1的直径为 1300mm， 长度为 8米。 进料滚筒 2和出料滚筒 3直径为 800mm，进料滚筒 2的长度为 1500，出料滚筒 3的长度为 2500mm。 干馏滚筒 1、 进料滚筒 2、 出料滚筒 3、 翻导料板 4、 螺旋进料板 5、 螺旋 出料板 6、 出料板 7、 锥形筒体 8采用 310S不锈钢制造。
干馏设备开始运行时， 干馏滚筒 1、 进料滚筒 2、 出料滚筒 3 以正时 针方向旋转（从气体收集室 14一端看）， 物料通过物料输送设备 17 (此为 公知技术， 不作详细描述）输送到进料滚筒 2内， 在螺旋进料板 5的作用 下进入干馏大滚筒 1内。 在干馏过程中， 干馏大滚筒 1内的物料由翻导料 板 4进行翻动加热， 先加热至 100-200°C进行水分蒸发； 当水分蒸发流程 结束后， 将温度提高至 400-500°C进行有机物热解； 当有机物热解流程结 束后， 将温度提高至 500-600 °C进行炭化； 当炭化流程结束后， 将温度提 高 750-950°C进行活化。 根据工艺流程的不同阶段， 准确地控制不同阶段 燃烧室 15的温度， 节约能源， 保证产品质量。 根据输入干馏滚筒 1 内物 料所含的水分、 有机物的含量不同， 控制和调整物料在干馏滚筒 1内各个 工艺流程以及整个流程的停留时间， 控制产品的质量。
活化流程结束后， 干馏滚筒 1、 进料滚筒 2、 出料滚筒 3以反时针方 向旋转（从气体收集室 14一端看）。 干馏大滚筒 1中的物料在翻导料板 4 的作用下， 由进料端向出料端移动， 并在出料板 7的作用下进入出料滚筒 3， 在出料滚筒 3中的螺旋出料板 6作用下， 进入出料室。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种干馏设备， 其包括：
一干馏滚筒， 其两端分别为一进料滚筒和一出料滚筒， 进料滚筒内设 有螺旋进料板， 出料滚筒内设有螺旋出料板， 干馏滚筒的直径大于进料滚 筒和出料滚筒的直径；
干馏滚筒内壁安装有多排翻导料板， 每两排翻导料板之间留有间距； 每排翻导料板由多块翻导料板组成， 每块翻导料板由一个平面和一个斜面 三角形组成， 每排翻导料板的平面为水平排列， 三角形的尖端朝向干馏滚 筒的出料口。
干馏滚筒置于燃烧室内， 进料滚筒和出料滚筒外壁各安置有支撑滚 圈， 支撑滚圈坐落在托辊上； 出料滚筒外壁设有传动齿圈， 由电机驱动出 料滚筒、 干馏滚筒和进料滚筒一起正向或反向转动。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的干馏设备， 其中， 进料滚筒与干馏设备的 气体收集室连接； 出料滚筒与干馏设备的出料室连接。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的干馏设备， 其中， 干馏滚筒与出料滚筒之 间的连接部位为锥形筒体， 锥形筒体内有出料板。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的干馏设备， 其中， 螺旋出料板与出料滚筒 轴线夹角为左旋 20°-35°。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的干馏设备， 其中， 螺旋进料板与进料滚筒 轴线夹角为右旋 25°-35°。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的干馏设备， 其中， 翻导料板的斜面与滚筒 轴线的夹角为 10°-30°。
7、 根据权利要求 1 所述的干馏设备， 其中， 干馏滚筒、 进料滚筒、 出料滚筒、翻导料板、螺旋进料板、螺旋出料板、出料板和锥形筒体为 310S 不锈钢材质。
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