US20140332362A1

US20140332362A1 - Destructive distillation apparatus

Info

Publication number: US20140332362A1
Application number: US14/346,054
Authority: US
Inventors: Dawei Zhang
Original assignee: Mississippi International Water Inc
Current assignee: Mississippi International Water Inc
Priority date: 2011-09-22
Filing date: 2012-09-14
Publication date: 2014-11-13
Also published as: WO2013041002A1; CN103013537A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a destructive distillation apparatus, comprising a destructive distillation drum; a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillation drum. The destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and the discharge drum. An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates, and a spacing is kept between every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates. Each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates, and each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope. The flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, and a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructive distillation drum. The destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber. Outer walls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers. An outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum. The present invention can control and adjust processing times of the materials in the destructive distillation drum during each process flow and the whole flow, so as to control product quality.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to material processing apparatus, more particularly, to a destructive distillation apparatus having different-diameter drums, for processing organic wastes.
2. Description of the Related Art
Drums in traditional destructive distillation apparatuses have a straight drum structure. A destructive distillation drum, a feeding drum and a discharge drum all have the equal diameter at a front end and at a backward end thereof, and a tripper plate is mounted within the destructive distillation drum. On installation, a feeding end (i.e., a front end) of the destructive distillation drum is positioned to be higher than a discharge end (i.e., a backward end) thereof, or in other words, the front end is inclined with respect to the backward end at a certain angle, so that during heating process thereof, the materials in the destructive distillation drum successively move from the feeding end to the discharge end, under the action of the tripper plate in the destructive distillation drum, and finally are discharged off the destructive distillation drum through the discharge end thereof.
The traditional drum structures have the following drawbacks:
1) During the destructive distillation, the materials undergo processing flows such as water evaporation (at a temperature in a range of 100-200° C.), organic matter pyrolysis (at a temperature in a range of 400-500° C.), carbonization (at a temperature in a range of 500-600° C.), and activation (at a temperature of 750-950° C.). In order to achieve the above processes, the traditionally straight drum is heated in a stepwise way, and thus it is difficult to accurately control the temperature of each process flow, or this causes waste of energy source or affects product quality.
2) When the traditionally straight drum is operating, the materials are continuously fed into the drum. Because the materials fed into the drum contain different contents of water and organic matters, it is difficult for the traditionally straight drum to adjust processing times of the materials in the drum during each process flow and the whole flow, on basis of water percentage of the fed materials and so on, and thus it is impossible to control product quality.
3) As for the destructive distillation of a certain material, it needs a relatively long processing time in the drum, and thus the traditionally straight drum needs to have a very long length to meet the requirement. After increasing of the length of the drum, thickness and material thereof are necessary to increase accordingly. Since the destructive distillation is performed under a high temperature, after increasing the length of the drum to a certain degree, strength of the drum in the high temperature does not meet the requirement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to remove or alleviate at least one aspect of the above problems and defects in the prior arts.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a destructive distillation apparatus, comprising:
a destructive distillation drum;
a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillation drum, wherein the feeding drum is provided with a spiral feeding plate therein and the discharge drum is provided with a spiral discharge plate therein,
wherein the destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and the discharge drum, an inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates, every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates are kept at a spacing; each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates, each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope, the flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructive distillation drum,
wherein the destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber, outer was of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers; an outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum.
In one embodiment, the feeding drum is connected with a gas collecting chamber in the destructive distillation apparatus; and the discharge drum is connected with a discharge chamber of the destructive distillation apparatus.
Further, a connecting part between the destructive distillation drum and the discharge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a discharge plate is provided.
Specifically, an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to be left-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.
Specifically, an intersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to be right-handed with an axis of the feeding drum is 25°-35°.
Specifically, an intersection angle of the slope of the tripper and guiding plate with the axis of the destructive distillation drum is 10°-30°.
Specifically, the destructive distillation drum, the feeding drum, the discharge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, the spiral feeding plate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and the conical cylinder all are made of 310S stainless steel materials.
As compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
1) After transporting the materials into the large destructive distillation drum, the temperatures of different stages are accurately controlled depending on the different stages of the process flows, so as to save energy source and ensure the product quality.
2) The processing times of the materials in the large destructive distillation drum during each process flow and the entire flow are controlled and adjusted on basis of the different contents of the water and organic matters contained by the transported materials in the large destructive distillation drum, so as to control the product quality.
3) It is also possible to control the processing time of the materials in the large destructive distillation drum based on the processing requirements, without increasing the length of the drum, thereby improving operation reliability of the apparatus.
The destructive distillation apparatus having a different-diameter drum in accordance with the present invention is not reported or disclosed in the prior art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a different-diameter drum in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view cut along a line A-A of FIG. 1, showing a structure and a shape of tripper and guiding plates.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the different-diameter drum installed onto the destructive distillation apparatus in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view cut along a line B-B of FIG. 3.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

1 destructive distillation drum
2 feeding drum
3 discharge drum
4 tripper and guiding plate
5 spiral feeding plate
6 spiral discharge plate
7 discharge plate
8 conical cylinder
9 supporting roller ring
10 drive gear ring
11 discharge chamber
12 supporting roller
13 electric motor
14 gas collecting chamber
15 combustion chamber
16 destructive distillation apparatus
17 material transport device

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention provides a destructive distillation apparatus, comprising:
a destructive distillation drum;
a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillation drum, wherein the destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and the discharge drum.
An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates, and every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates are kept at a spacing. Each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates. Each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope, the flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, and a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructive distillation drum.
The destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber, and outer walls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers. An outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum.
In one embodiment, the feeding drum is connected with a gas collecting chamber in the destructive distillation apparatus; and the discharge drum is connected with a discharge chamber of the destructive distillation apparatus.
Further, a connecting part between the destructive distillation drum and the small discharge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a discharge plate is provided.
Specifically, an expansion slit or gap is remained between two tripper and guiding plates in each row.
Specifically, the discharge drum is provided with a spiral discharge plate therein and an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to be left-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.
Specifically, the feeding drum is provided with a spiral discharge plate therein and an intersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to be right-handed with an axis of the feeding drum is 20°-35°.
The diameter of the destructive distillation drum is 1000 mm-1500 mm, and the length thereof is 2 m-10 m.
The diameters of the feeding drum and the discharge drum are respectively 500 mm-800 mm, and the lengths thereof are 1200-2500 mm.
Specifically, the destructive distillation drum, the feeding drum, the discharge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, the spiral feeding plate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and the conical cylinder all are made of 310S stainless steel materials.
Now the present invention is explained in detail below in connecting with the figures.
As shown, a destructive distillation apparatus provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, a middle part of which is a destructive distillation drum 1, wherein a feeding drum 2 is located at one end of the destructive distillation drum whereas a discharge drum 3 is located at the other end thereof. The destructive distillation drum 1 has a larger diameter than the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3. In the present invention, the destructive distillation drum 1 can have a diameter in a range of 1000 mm-1500 mm, and the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 can have a diameter in a range of 500 mm-800 mm. FIG. 1 shows a structural front view of the destructive distillation drum of the present invention, and FIG. 4 illustrates an end view thereof.
The feeding drum 2 is connected with a gas collecting chamber 14 of the destructive distillation apparatus 1; and the discharge drum is connected to a discharge chamber 11 of the destructive distillation apparatus. The destructive distillation drum 1 is positioned within a combustion chamber 15. The feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are respectively provided with supporting roller rings 9 at an outer wall thereof, which are supported by supporting rollers 12.
An outer wall of the discharge drum 3 is disposed with a drive gear ring 10, which is driven by an electric motor 13, so as to rotate the discharge drum 3, the destructive distillation chamber 1 and the feeding drum 2. A connecting part between the destructive distillation drum 1 and the discharge drum 3 is a conical cylinder 8, which is provided with a discharge plate 7 therein.
An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum 1 is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates 4, two adjacent rows of which are kept at a certain distance. Two tripper and guiding plates 4 in each row are provided with an expansion gap. An angle between a slope of the tripper and guiding plate 4 and an axis of the drum is 10-30°.
The discharge drum 3 therein is provided with a spiral discharge plate 6, and an intersection angle of the spiral discharge plate 6 to be left-handed with the axis of the small discharge drum 3 is 20°-35°.
The feeding drum 2 therein is provided with a spiral feeding plate 5, and an intersection angle of the spiral feeding plate 5 to be right-handed with the axis of the small feeding drum 2 is 20°-35°.
Preferred Embodiments of the Invention:
The destructive distillation drum 1 in the destructive distillation apparatus of the present invention is a reducing drum or a different-diameter drum. The feeding drum 2 is provided at one end of the destructive distillation drum, whereas the discharge drum 3 is located at the other end. The feeding drum 2 is connected with the gas collecting chamber 14 of the destructive distillation apparatus. The discharge drum is connected with the discharge chamber 11 of the destructive distillation apparatus, and the destructive distillation drum 1 is located in the combustion chamber 15. The cuter walls of the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are provided with the respective supporting roller rings 9, which are situated onto the supporting roller 12. The outer wall of the discharge drum 3 is disposed with the drive gear ring 10. The drive gear ring 10 is driven by the electric motor 13, so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the small discharge drum 3, the destructive distillation chamber 1 and the small feeding drum 2 (For purpose of brevity, detailed description of it is omitted as they are well-known techniques in the art).
A connecting part between the destructive distillation drum 1 and the discharge drum 3 is configured to be the conical cylinder 8, which is provided with the discharge plate 7 therein. The inner wall of the large destructive distillation drum 1 is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates 4, two adjacent of which is kept with a certain distance. The expansion gap is disposed between two tripper and guiding plates 4 in each row. Two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates 4 are spaced apart from each other with a spacing, and each row of the tripper and guiding plates 4 is consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates. Each tripper and guiding plate is composed of a flat plane and a triangle having a slope. The length of the flat plane and slope of each tripper and guiding plate is respectively 300 mm, and the intersection angle of the slope with the drum axis is 25°. The flat planes of the each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, and the pointed angle of the triangle is directed toward the discharge port of the heating drum (as shown in FIG. 2).
The discharge drum 3 therein is provided with a spiral discharge plate 6, and an intersection angle of the spiral discharge plate 6 to be left-handed with the axis of the small discharge drum 3 is 30°. The feeding drum 2 therein is provided with a spiral feeding plate 5, and an intersection angle of the spiral feeding plate 5 to be right-handed with the axis of the small feeding drum 2 is 30°.
A diameter of the destructive distillation drum 1 is 1300 mm, and the length thereof is 8 m. The diameters of the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are respectively 800 mm. The lengths of the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are respectively 1500 mm, and 2500 mm. in an exemplary example, all of the destructive distillation drum 1, the feeding drum 2, the discharge drum 3, the tripper and guiding plates 4, the spiral feeding plate 5, the spiral discharge plate 6, the discharge plate 7, and the conical cylinder 8 are made of 310S stainless steel.
When the destructive distillation apparatus begins to operate, the destructive distillation drum 1, the feeding drum 2, and the discharge drum 3 rotate clockwise (seen from the end of the gas collecting chamber 14). The materials are transported into the feeding drum 2 by a material transport device 17 (herein it is not described in detail as they are known in the art), and enter the large destructive distillation drum 1 under the action of the spiral feeding plate 5. During the destructive distillation, the materials in the large destructive distillation drum 1 are stirred up and heated up by the tripper and guiding plates 4. At first, the materials are heated to 100-200° C. to vaporize the water. When the water vaporizing process is finished, the temperature is increased up to 400-500° C. to perform the organic matter pyrolysis. When the process of the organic matter pyrolysis is completed, the temperature is increased up to 500-600° C., to perform the process of carbonization. When the process of carbonization is finished, the temperature is increased up to 750-950° C. to perform the process of activation. In accordance with different stages of the process flow, it is possible to accurately control the temperature of the combustion chamber 15 at different stages, in order to save energy source and ensure quality of the product. On basis of the different contents of the water and organic matters contained in the feed-in materials of the destructive distillation drum 1, the processing times of the materials in the destructive distillation drum 1 during each process flow and the entire flow can be controlled and adjusted, so as to control the quality of the product.
After finishing the activation process, the destructive distillation drum 1, the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 rotate in an anti-clockwise direction (seen from the end of the gas collecting chamber 14). The materials in the large destructive distillation drum 1 move from the feeding end to the discharge end, under the action of the tripper and guiding plates 4; and under the action of the discharge plate 7 enter the discharge drum 3. Then the materials enter the discharge chamber under the action of the spiral discharge plate 6 in the discharge drum 3.

Claims

What the claims is:

1. A destructive distillation apparatus, comprising:

a destructive distillation drum;

a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillation drum, wherein the feeding drum is provided with a spiral feeding plate therein and the discharge drum is provided with a spiral discharge plate therein,

wherein the destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and the discharge drum, an inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates, every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates are kept at a spacing; each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates, each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope, the flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructive distillation drum,

wherein the destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber, outer walls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers; an outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum.

2. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding drum is connected with a gas collecting chamber in the destructive distillation apparatus; and the discharge drum is connected with a discharge chamber of the destructive distillation apparatus.

3. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a connecting part between the destructive distillation drum and the discharge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a discharge plate is provided.

4. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to be left-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.

5. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an intersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to be right-handed with an axis of the feeding drum is 25°-35°.

6. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an intersection angle of the slope of the tripper and guiding plate with the axis of the destructive distillation drum is 10°-30°.

7. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the destructive distillation drum, the feeding drum, the discharge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, the spiral feeding plate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and the conical cylinder all are made of 310S stainless steel materials.