US20120125758A1 - Pyrolysis System - Google Patents
Pyrolysis System Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120125758A1 US20120125758A1 US13/378,838 US201013378838A US2012125758A1 US 20120125758 A1 US20120125758 A1 US 20120125758A1 US 201013378838 A US201013378838 A US 201013378838A US 2012125758 A1 US2012125758 A1 US 2012125758A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rotary retort
- pressurized
- rotary
- retort
- pyrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
- C10K3/001—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by thermal treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/094—Char
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1687—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with steam generation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the pyrolysis of at least one material includes: introducing the material into a pressurized rotary retort system, heating the material in the pressurized rotary retort system within a desired temperature range and within a desired pressure range for a desired period of time; and, advancing the heated and pressurized material from a first end to a second end of the pressurized rotary retort by rotating the pressurized retort about its longitudinal axis; where at least a quantity of the material is converted into one or more end products. Also the system generally includes: a pressurized rotary retort system configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of material, and having a pressurized furnace vessel and a retort positioned within the pressurized furnace vessel; and; a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving material from the pressurized rotary retort system.
Description
- The present invention claims the benefit of the provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/218,197 filed Jun. 18, 2009. This invention was made with no government support and the government has no rights in this invention.
- There is no admission that the background art disclosed in this section legally constitutes prior art.
- To ensure a sustainable energy future, businesses are moving away from the current use of fossil fuel energy sources, such as gas, coal and petroleum, as the only sources of energy. Also, global climate change and possible decrease in the availability of fossil fuels are providing challenges to businesses and communities alike.
- One solution being investigated is the use of organic materials (often called biomass feedstock) to both sequester carbon and to produce renewable energy. Generally, the biomass feedstock is heated to produce synthesis gas, or syngas, which is a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. For example, a pyrolysis process involves a thermal decomposition of the biomass feedstock organic materials at elevated temperatures under low-oxygen conditions.
- While there are many proposed systems to process biomass feedstock, there remains an urgent need for more efficient and cleaner systems.
- In a first broad aspect, there is provided herein a process for the pyrolysis of at least one material, that generally includes:
- introducing the material into a pressurized rotary retort system;
- heating the material in the pressurized rotary retort system within a desired temperature range and within a desired pressure range for a desired period of time; and,
- advancing the heated and pressurized material from a first end to a second end of the pressurized rotary retort by rotating the pressurized retort about its longitudinal axis;
- wherein at least a quantity of the material is converted into one or more end products.
- In certain embodiments, the pressurized rotary retort system is configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of the material; and further including a gas reactor for receiving the gaseous product from the pressurized rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the material is supplied under elevated pressures and at elevated temperatures.
- In certain embodiments, the pressure within the rotary retort system provides forces for driving the gaseous products from the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the process further includes subjecting by-products of the pyrolysis process to a further pyrolization process.
- In certain embodiments, the process further includes a solids system reactor for receiving a supply of un-pyrolyzed material and/or by-products from the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the process further includes a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving un-pyrolyzed by-product and for generating at least one additional gaseous product.
- In certain embodiments, a supply of the gaseous product is used to supply heat to the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the process includes advancing the material through the pressurized rotary retort system using a plurality of flights positioned within the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the rotary retort is rotated about a longitudinally extending axis at more than one speed.
- In another broad aspect, there is provided herein a pyrolysis system that generally includes:
- a pressurized rotary retort system configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of material; and having a pressurized furnace vessel and a retort positioned within the pressurized furnace vessel; and;
- a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving and pyrolyzing un-pyrolyzed material from the pressurized rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the pyrolysis system further includes a gas reactor for receiving the gaseous product from the pressurized rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the material is supplied under elevated pressures and at elevated temperatures.
- In certain embodiments, the pressure within the rotary retort system provides forces for driving the gaseous products from the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the system further includes a heat exchanger system configured for capturing heat generated by pyrolysis of material and/or heat generated by production of gaseous products.
- In certain embodiments, a supply of the gaseous product is used to supply heat to the rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the system includes advancing the material through the pressurized rotary retort system using a plurality of separately spaced flights positioned within the pressurized rotary retort system.
- In certain embodiments, the pressurized rotary retort is rotated about a longitudinally extending axis at more than one speed.
- Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the present invention will be or will become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims.
-
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, in cross-section and partially in phantom, of a rotary retort pyrolyzer system. -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, partially in phantom, an end view of the rotary retort pyrolyzer system shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view, partially in phantom, of the rotary retort pyrolyzer system taken along the line 3-3 inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view, in cross-section and partially in phantom, of a solids reactor system. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, partially in phantom, of an end view of the solids reactor system shown inFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view, partially in phantom, of the solids reactor system taken along the line 6-6 inFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 7 is a schematic process flow diagram showing use of a rotary retort pyrolyzer system and a solid reactor system. -
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration showing use of a rotary retort pyrolyzer system. - Described herein is a
rotary retort system 10 that can be used for the thermal treatment of waste or other material M. - The material M being processed by the
rotary retort system 10 is converted into a desired end product, described herein as a pyrolyzer gas product P-G. Therotary retort system 10 provides an improved and high heat transfer efficiency to the material M such that the pyrolysis process occurring within the system is more rapid than could previously be achieved. The substantially complete and rapid pyrolysis of the material M generally means that there need only be a relatively short residence time of the feedstock material within therotary retort system 10. As such, in certain embodiments, therotary retort system 10 can be configured to occupy a small, yet efficient area where a pyrolyzing process is needed. - Referring first to
FIGS. 1-3 , therotary retort system 10 generally includes a pressurizedfurnace vessel 12 and arotary retort 14. In the embodiment shown, therotary retort 14 is co-axially positioned (about a longitudinally axis A) within the pressurizedfurnace vessel 12, each of which will be described in detail below. It is to be understood, however, in certain embodiments, therotary retort 14, while positioned within thefurnace vessel 12, need not be in a co-axial alignment or in a horizontal plane. Further, it is to be understood that the rotary retort, while shown as cylindrical, in other embodiments, can have other shapes, such as conical, frustroconical, and the like. - The
rotary retort 14 is mounted in a radially spaced apart relationship to the pressurizedfurnace vessel 12 such that an annularly extendingspace 16 is defined between therotary retort 14 and the pressurizedfurnace vessel 12. - The
rotary retort 14 is sealed within the pressurizedfurnace vessel 12 such that theannular space 16 and therotary retort 14 can be operated at elevated temperatures and at elevated pressures. In operation, theannular space 16 and therotary retort 14 within thefurnace 12 are held at substantially the same pressure. In certain embodiments, therotary retort 14 can be fabricated of high temperature resistant materials, but does not necessarily need to be designed to withstand high pressures since the pressures with therotary retort 14 and theannular space 16 are substantially the same during operation of therotary retort system 10. Therotary retort 14 as described herein is cost effective, while alternative designs involving increased pressures are cost prohibitive. - The
rotary retort 14 is configured to be rotated about its longitudinally extending axis A by adrive system 18. In certain embodiments, the mechanical components of thedrive system 18 are external to the pressurizedfurnace vessel 12. In certain embodiments, thedrive system 18 can be a variable drive system such that therotary retort 14 can be rotated at different speeds, depending on the desired operating parameters, as further explained herein. - The
rotary retort system 10 further includes aheating system 20 that is configured to supply heat to therotary retort 14 and to theannular space 16. In certain embodiments, theheating system 20 can be an indirect heating system that supplies heat to theannular space 16 which, in turn, allows heat to be transferred to therotary retort 14. - It is to be understood that, in certain embodiments, the
heating system 20 can be configured to deliver varying amounts of heat to one or more temperature zones I, II, III, etc., within thepressurized furnace vessel 12. In such embodiments, the different temperature zones within thepressurized furnace vessel 12 can provide different amounts of heat along the length of therotary retort 14. The different temperature zone allow temperatures within therotary retort system 10 to be adjusted to meet a specific time/temperature profile and/or to supply sufficient heat to the feedstock materials M being advanced through therotary retort 14, as further described herein. - It is to be understood that various
suitable heating systems 20 are within the contemplated scope of the present invention. For example, theheating members 22 can be heated by various means such as electricity, fossil fuels and/or off-gases from the pyrolyzer process itself, as further described herein. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 3 , theheating system 20 can include a plurality ofheating members 22 which extend into theannular space 16. Theheating system 20 acts to heat to thepressurized furnace vessel 14 which, in turn, heats and pyrolizes the material M within therotary retort 14. In certain embodiments, heat is supplied indirectly through one or more (and/or sets of) theradiant heating members 22 that are arranged in zones to provide a desired amount of heat energy to specific zones where such heat is needed for the pyrolysis process. In certain embodiments, each radiant heating element can be individually controlled. - The
rotary retort 14 includes apyrolization chamber 30 having acharge end 32, adischarge end 34 and anannularly extending wall 36. Thecharge end 32, thedischarge end 34 and theannularly extending wall 36 generally define an open interiorannular space 35. Thecharge end 32 has at least afirst inlet port 38 for receiving a supply of material M. Adjacent to the discharge end 24, theannular wall 36 contains one ormore discharge openings 39. - In operation, the material M is moved through the
pyrolization chamber 30 from thecharge end 32 toward thedischarge end 34 by the rotation of therotary retort 14. In certain embodiments, therotary retort system 10 can be configured such that the by-product solids exit and fall from therotary retort 14 through thedischarge openings 39. No other separating devices, such as cyclones or filters, are required in order to separate gas product from by-products. - It is to be noted that the
rotary retort system 10 achieves both a desired high internal temperature and a desired high internal pressure while maintaining a much lower outer casing temperature. Also, it is to be noted that therotary retort 14 is sealed, or encapsulated, within the insulatedpressure furnace vessel 12, but is also removable therefrom. This encapsulation configuration allows different sized and shaped rotary retorts to be used within the pressurized furnace vessel. Therotary retort system 10 provides a versatility that will meet many end-users' specifications. This sealing, or encapsulation, of therotary retort 14 within thepressurized furnace vessel 12 provides additional benefits since rotary retorts can be manufactured at lower costs and with less material as such rotary retorts do not have to be manufactured to withstand elevated pressures. - Another advantage of the
rotary retort system 10 and process described herein is that there is no differential pressure across the revolving rotary retort. This lack of differential pressure allows therotary retort system 10 and process to be run at very efficient operating parameters. There is no need to have cyclic pressurization-depressurization, temperature increases-decreases, or batch loading of materials into the rotary retort system. As such, therotary retort system 10 can process high volumes of material in a substantially continuous process, while simultaneously providing a substantially continuous supply of end products. - It is also to be noted that, at least in certain embodiments, the
rotary retort system 10 can be constructed based on thermal and feedstock loading conditions, rather than on pressure requirements. Consequently, the stresses on the rotary retort are reduced and a lighter, less expensive rotary retort can be used. - Certain uses of the rotary retort system include the separation of gases and solids. As gases are produced (for example, by the volatilization of a feedstock material being pyrolyzed, the gases travel to a discharge end of the pressurized rotary retort and exit out a top opening in the rotary retort. As feedstock is reduced to by-product solids, the by-product solids are conveyed to a discharge end of the rotary retort.
- Also, since there are no moving parts within the
rotary retort 14, therotary retort system 10 can be efficiently operated without the need for frequent cleaning and/or repairs. - In certain embodiments, the
rotary retort 14 includes a plurality offlights 40 disposed along aninterior surface 42 of thewall 36 of therotary retort 14. Upon rotation of therotary retort 14 about the axis A by thedrive system 18, the material M is advanced from thecharge end 32 of therotary retort 14 to thedischarge end 36 by theflights 40, as further explained herein. - The
flights 40 can be attached to theinterior surface 42 by bolts, screws, welding or other suitable means. Theflights 40 can be mounted on theinterior surface 42 of therotary retort 14 in a desired pattern. It is to be understood that the number and/or the lengths offlights 40 arranged in therotary retort 14 can depend, at least in part, on the material M, the length and/or diameter of therotary retort 14 and the desired residence time of the material M within therotary retort 14. - As the
rotary retort 14 rotates, theflights 40 “lift” portions of the material M in a generally circumferentially upward and generally forward spiral direction. The “lifted” portion of material M within eachflight 40 is discharged in a cascading manner onto a “bottom” section of theinterior surface 42 that is momentarily at, or near, a bottom of the rotation of therotary retort 14. When the “cascaded” portion of material M is in contact with theinterior surface 42, heat is transferred from the rotary retort 14 (and the flights 40) to the material M, aiding in pyrolyzing the material M. As therotary retort 14 continues to axially rotate, each succeeding portion of “cascaded” feedstock M is “lifted/cascaded” again by succeedingflights 40. The heat and pressure within thepyrolization chamber 30 and the contact of the “lifted/cascaded” material M with theinterior surface 42 and/orflight 12 together act to heat/pyrolize the material M. - As the capturing
flight 40 is rotated and reaches a certain angle of inclination, gravity causes the material M to begin to cascade out of theflight 40 at a cascading point onto the bottom of therotary retort 14. As the capturingflight 40 moves in the upward circumferential direction, theflight 40 is gradually emptied. In certain embodiments, the shape of theflight 40 allows theflight 40 to hold a quantity of material M when the flight is at its highest point of rotation. As theflight 40 continues its rotation back toward its lowest point, theflight 40 is further emptied. Theflight 40 can provide a substantially continuous supply of material M falling though thepyrolization chamber 30. - Thus, both the mixing and the movement of the material M through the
rotary retort 14 act to provide an efficient pyrolization of the feedstock M and to provide an efficient formation of the pyrolyzer gas product P-G. That is, as the material M cascades through thepyrolization chamber 30, the numerous cascading events efficiently exposes the material M to heat within thepyrolization chamber 30. - The
flights 40 within therotary retort 14 allow the cascading material M to move and fall in a generally forward direction toward thedischarge end 34. In contrast to an auger or screw action (which merely slides or pushes a majority of the feedstock along a bottom surface), theflights 40 provide a substantially continuous lifting, cascading and mixing action to the material M within therotary retort 14. The rotation of therotary retort 14 generally prevents (or lessens) any warping of therotary retort 14 that could be caused by uneven heating of a bottom of therotary retort 14. Also, in contrast to the sliding/pushing forces of an auger or screw action (where materials often jam or bind up), theflights 40 actually lift and advance quantities of the feedstock materials M off from theinterior surface 42. - In the embodiment shown in the Figures herein, the
rotary retort 14 hasmultiple flights 40 with the same configuration, where eachflight 40 extends radially inward toward the axis A to the same depth and/or is placed alonginterior surface 42 at equally spaced distances. It is to be understood, however, that it is within the contemplated scope of the present invention that, in other embodiments, one or more of theflights 40 can have different dimensions. The material M is thus advanced from thecharge end 32 toward thedischarge end 36 by being scooped and tumbled along the axis A. - It is to be understood that, in certain embodiments, the configuration and/or arrangement of the
flights 40 can be uniform throughout thepyrolization chamber 30. Also, in certain embodiments, the spacing betweensuccessive flights 40 on theinterior surface 42 can be varied to optimize the residence time of the material M within therotary retort 14. - In one non-limiting example, the
flights 40 can have a configuration and/or can be arranged such that each cascading event from oneflight 40 to thenext flight 40 moves the feedstock materials M along a path through therotary retort 14 where the material M can be “stopped,” or held in, each flight before continuing onto a subsequent flight. In certain other embodiments, the flights can be arranged to continuously advance the material M through thepyrolization chamber 30. - In one non-limiting example, the
rotary retort 14 can include different shaped and/or sized flights, such as one ormore flights 40 each having aflight face 41 having a length and/or depth differing fromother flights 40. In one non-limiting example, theflights 40 extend generally radially inward toward the axis A only to a certain distance such that there is a sufficiently large open interiorannular space 35′ between radially opposingflights 40 so that the material M can easily move from thecharge end 32 to thedischarge end 34. For example, in one embodiment, theflights 40 can have a width that is about one-fourth of the diameter of therotary retort 14 such that the open interiorannular space 35′ is approximately one half of the diameter of therotary retort 14. - Also, in another non-limiting example, one or more of the “last” flights 40 (i.e., adjacent to the discharge end 34) in the
rotary retort 14 the can have different configurations. For example, the last flight(s) 40 can have a greater length than other flights, to aid in the delivery of the material M out from therotary retort 14. Also, in certain embodiments, one or more of the last flight(s) 40 adjacent to thedischarge end 34 can have a paddle or scoop configuration to aid in pushing the by-product B out of therotary retort 14. - In another non-limiting example, one or more of the flights 40 (for example, flights adjacent to the charge end 32) can have extending
faces 41 with a pitch fork configuration that includes tines to aid in lifting and separating the material M. It is also to be noted that the speed of the rotation of therotary retort 14 can be varied, to increase or decrease the length of time the feedstock materials M is cascaded in therotary retort 14. - It is to be understood that the
interior surface 42 and theflights 40 may be made of any material that will withstand the operating conditions inside thepyrolization chamber 30. In certain embodiments, the interior surface and/or theflights 40 are made of a material that can withstand the mechanical wear caused by the “lifting/cascading” of the material M, the heat and elevated pressures within therotary retort 14, and the caustic wear of the feedstock materials M being pyrolyzed into the desired gas product G and the by-product B. Also, in certain embodiments, theinterior surface 42 and/or theflights 40 can be made with (or coated with) a material that substantially prevents, or minimizes, the material M from undesirably reacting with or adhering to theinterior surface 42 of therotary retort 14. In certain embodiments, theinterior surface 42 and/or theflights 40 can be coated with a non-adherent polymer coating to facilitate movement of the material M and/or cleaning of therotary retort 14. - Also, in certain embodiments, the
rotary retort 14 can be configured such that one or more of theflights 40 can be removably mounted within therotary retort 14. The removable flights allow the end-user to remove and/or interchange one or more of theflights 40. Thus, therotary retort 14 can be configured to handle different types of material M. For example, when the material M has a straw-like consistency, one or more of theflights 40 can have a tine-like configuration to separate and lift such straw-like material M. Also, if the material M is bulky, one or more of theflights 40 can be removed and/or spaced at different positions to accommodate the bulky material M and prevent any jamming or binding of the material M. - Referring now generally to
FIG. 2 , it is to be understood that, as therotary retort 14 is heated within thepressurized furnace vessel 12, therotary retort 14 expands. In the embodiment generally schematically illustrated inFIG. 2 , therotary retort 14 is not fixedly secured to thepressurized furnace vessel 12; rather, therotary retort 14 is supported such that therotary retort 14 can expand/contract during the heating/cooling operation cycles of therotary retort system 10.FIG. 2 shows that, in certain embodiments, thepressurized furnace vessel 12 can include asupport system 13 that keeps therotary retort 14 in a co-axial alignment within thepressurized furnace vessel 12. - Referring again to the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 , thepressurized furnace vessel 12 generally includes acharge end 52, adischarge end 54 and anannularly extending wall 56, all of which can contain a desired amount ofinsulation material 57. It is to be noted that thepressurized furnace vessel 12 can be substantially insulated so that, while therotary retort 14 is being operated at high temperatures and high pressures, the exterior of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 can be substantially cooler, often at about room temperatures. - The
charge end 52 of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 has at least afirst inlet port 58 through which thefirst inlet port 38 of therotary retort 14 extends. Thedischarge end 54 of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 has one ormore outlet ports 59 through which the pyrolyzer gas product P-G is discharged. - When the annularly extending
space 16 and therotary retort 14, are all under high pressure, the pyrolyzer gas product P-G being produced is driven out of therotary retort 14 through thedischarge opening 39 and out of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 through one or moregas outlet ports 59. - The
pressurized furnace vessel 12 also includes at least onedischarge assembly 60 that is disposed adjacent abottom portion 62 near the discharge end 54 of thepressurized furnace vessel 12. - During operation, upon rotation of the
rotary retort 14 about the axis A by thedrive system 18, the material M is advanced from thecharge end 32 of therotary retort 14 to thedischarge end 36. After pyrolization of the material M, any remaining material (i.e., the by-product material B) is discharged out of one or more of thedischarge openings 39 in therotary retort 14, and out through thedischarge assembly 60. - It is to be understood that, in certain embodiments, the
discharge assembly 60 can be connected to a by-products repository 64 that is under pressure such that the pressure in therotary retort 14, theannular space 16 and thepyrolization chamber 30 are maintained at desired operating pressures and temperatures. In such embodiments, thedischarge assembly 60 can include a collectingmember 66 that is positioned to receive by-product material B being discharged out of thedischarge openings 39. Thedischarge assembly 60 can include aconnector 68 to the by-products repository 64. - Alternatively, as discussed herein with respect to
FIGS. 4-6 , instead of a by-products repository 64, theconnector 68 can deliver by-product material to asolids reactor system 110, as shown inFIGS. 4-6 and as further discussed herein. - Referring again to
FIG. 1 , thecharge end 52 of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 is connected to afeedstock delivery system 80 for providing a desired quantity of material M into therotary retort 14. Thedelivery system 80 is operatively connected to both thecharge end 52 of thepressurized furnace vessel 12 and to thecharge end 32 of therotary retort 14. - It is to be understood that different configurations of delivery systems can be used. In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 , thedelivery system 80 includes a pressurizingsystem 82 that is configured to provide a desired quantity of material M into therotary retort 14 under pressure (and, optionally under elevated/pre-heated temperatures). The pressurizingsystem 82 can be configured to deliver discrete quantities of material M into therotary retort 14 such that the pressures and temperatures within therotary retort 14 are not lowered below desired operating ranges. Also, the pressurizingsystem 82 prevents the entrance of external or ambient environments into therotary retort 14, thereby preventing undesired combustion of the material M within therotary retort 14. - The pressurizing
system 82 can include a pressurizingchamber 84 having a pair of opposing first andsecond gate valves chamber 84, thefirst gate valve 86 is closed. After a desired quantity of material M is supplied into the pressurizingchamber 84, thesecond gate valve 88 is closed, and the pressurizingchamber 84 is pressurized to at least approximately the pressure being maintained in therotary retort 14 and in theannular space 16. - After the desired pressure is achieved in the pressurizing
chamber 84, thefirst gate valve 86 is opened and the supply of material M is delivered into a holdingchamber 90. - It is to be understood that, during the pyrolyzing process, the supply of feedstock materials M may only momentarily remain in the holding
chamber 90 before being delivered into therotary retort 14. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 , the holdingchamber 90 includes asuitable mechanism 92 for forcing or ejecting the supply of material M into therotary retort 14. In one non-limiting example, theejecting mechanism 92 can be apneumatic cylinder 94 that is operatively connected to aplate 96 that pushes the supply of material M through theinlet port 38 of therotary retort 14. Theejecting mechanism 92 can be synchronized with the pressurizingchamber 84 to meter desired quantities of material M into therotary retort 14 without obstructing or jamming therotary retort 14. For example, in certain embodiments, the quantity of material M delivered from one stroke of theejection mechanism 92 of the holdingchamber 90 can have substantially the same volume as is lifted/cascaded by oneflight 40. - In certain embodiments, the pressurized material M can be rapidly injected through the
inlet port 38 and into thepyrolization chamber 30 of therotary retort 14. In such embodiments, the rapid injection into therotary retort 14 is synchronized with the speed of therotary retort 14 and the position of the filed to be coincident with material M being deposited betweenflights 40. - Referring now to
FIGS. 4-6 , in certain embodiments, asolids reactor system 110 can be operatively connected to thedischarge assembly 60 to receive the any un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B. The un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is subjected to a further pyrolization process and to a steam reforming process, thereby generating and capturing a gas product G, such as synthetic gas (or “syn gas”). Such embodiments are especially useful in situations where the by-product B still contains some “useful” feedstock material that may not have been completely pyrolyzed and which still contains materials that can produce the gas product G. In such embodiments, the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B still retains the heat from the initial pyrolization process and is still under pressure such that any subsequent pyrolization process requires little additional heating of the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B. - The
solids reactor system 110 generally includes apressurized furnace vessel 112 and asolids reactor 114 that is co-axially positioned (about a longitudinally extending axis A′) within thepressurized furnace vessel 112. It is to be understood, however, in certain embodiments, thesolids reactor 114, while positioned within thefurnace vessel 112, need not be in a co-axial alignment or in a horizontal plane. - The
solids reactor 114 is mounted in a radially spaced apart relationship to thefurnace 110 such that an annularly extendingspace 116 is defined between thesolids reactor 114 and thepressurized furnace vessel 112. - The
solids reactor 114 is sealed within thepressurized furnace vessel 112 such that theannular space 116 and thesolids reactor 114 can be operated at elevated temperatures and at elevated pressures. In operation, theannular space 116 and thesolids reactor 114 within thefurnace 112 are held at substantially the same pressure. In certain embodiments, thesolids reactor 114 can be fabricated of high temperature resistant materials, but does not necessarily need to be designed with materials that withstand high pressures since the pressures with thesolids reactor 114 and theannular space 116 are substantially the same during operation of thesolids reactor system 110. - The
solids reactor 114 is rotated about its longitudinally extending axis A′ by adrive system 118. In certain embodiments, the mechanical components of thedrive system 118 are external to thepressurized furnace vessel 112. In certain embodiments, thedrive system 118 can be a variable drive system such that thesolids reactor 114 can be rotated at different speeds, depending on the desired operating parameters, as further explained herein. - The
solids reactor system 110 further includes aheating system 120 for supplying heat to thesolids reactor 114 and to theannular space 116. In certain embodiments, theheating system 120 can include an indirect heating system that supplies heat to theannular space 116 which, in turn, allows heat to be transferred to thesolids reactor 114. - It is to be understood that, in certain embodiments, the
heating system 120 can be configured to deliver varying amounts of heat to one or more temperature zones within thepressurized furnace vessel 112. In such embodiments, the temperatures along the length of thesolids reactor 114 can be varied, allowing thesolids reactor system 110 to be adjusted to meet a specific time/temperature profile and/or to supply sufficient heat to the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B being advanced through thesolids reactor 114. - The
heating system 120 can include one or moreradiant heating members 122 which extend along aninterior surface 113 of thepressurized furnace vessel 112 and can extend into theannular space 116. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 4 , theradiant heating members 122 can be electrical elements. It is to be understood that various suitable heating systems performing this function are, of course, conceivable and within the contemplated scope of the present invention. - As the
solids reactor 114 is heated within thepressurized furnace vessel 112, thesolids reactor 114 expands. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 5 , thesolids reactor 114 is not fixedly secured to thepressurized furnace vessel 112 such that thesolids reactor 114 can expand within thepressurized furnace vessel 112. In certain embodiments, thepressurized furnace vessel 112 can include asupport system 113 that keeps thesolids reactor 114 in a co-axial alignment within thepressurized furnace vessel 112. - Referring now in particular to the
solids reactor 114 shown inFIG. 4 , thesolids reactor 114 generally includes a pyrolization/reformingchamber 130 having acharge end 132, adischarge end 134 and anannularly extending wall 136. Thecharge end 132 has at least afirst inlet port 138 for receiving the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B from therotary retort system 10. Also, it is to be understood, that in certain embodiments, theinlet port 138 can be used for the introduction of steam into the pyrolization/reformingchamber 130; in other embodiments, a separate port (not shown) can be used to introduce steam into the pyrolization/reformingchamber 130. Thedischarge end 134 contains one ormore discharge openings 139. - The
solids reactor 114 also includes a plurality offlights 140 that are disposed along aninterior surface 142 of thewall 136 of thesolids reactor 114. It is to be understood that thesolids reactor 114 can haveflights 140 in the same or in different configurations as theflights 140 in therotary retort system 110. - Upon rotation of the
solids reactor 114 about the axis A′ by thedrive system 118, the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is advanced from thecharge end 132 of thesolids reactor 114 to thedischarge end 136 by theflights 140. - The
pressurized furnace vessel 112 has a charge end 152, adischarge end 154 and anannularly extending wall 156. It is to be noted that thepressurized furnace vessel 112 can also be substantially insulated with asuitable material 157 so that, while thesolids reactor 114 is being operated at high temperatures and high pressures, the exterior of thepressurized furnace vessel 112 can be substantially cooler, often at about room temperatures. - The charge end 152 of the
pressurized furnace vessel 112 has at least afirst inlet port 158 through which thefirst inlet port 138 of thesolids reactor 114 extends. Thedischarge end 154 of thepressurized furnace vessel 112 has one or moregas outlet ports 159 through which the gas product G is discharged. - As shown
FIG. 4 , the charge end 152 of thepressurized furnace vessel 112 is connected to adelivery system 180 for supplying un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B into thesolids reactor 114. It is to be understood that thedelivery system 180 can be operatively connected to theconnector 68 of therotary retort system 10 to receive the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B at elevated temperatures and at elevated pressures. - The
delivery system 180 is operatively connected to both the charge end 152 of thepressurized furnace vessel 112 and to thecharge end 132 of thesolids reactor 114. - It is to be understood that different configurations of
delivery systems 180 can be used. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 4 , thedelivery system 180 includes apressurized system 182 that is configured to provide a desired quantity of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B into thesolids reactor 114 at an elevated pressure and at an elevated temperature. Thepressurized system 182 can be configured to deliver discrete quantities of the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B into thesolids reactor 114 such that the pressures and temperatures within thesolids reactor 114 are not lowered below desired operating ranges. Also, thepressurized system 182 prevents the entrance of external or ambient environment into thesolids reactor 114, thereby preventing undesired combustion of the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B within thesolids reactor 114. - The
pressurized system 182 can include apressurized chamber 184 having at least onegate valve 186. As the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is introduced into thepressurized chamber 184, thegate valve 186 is closed. After a desired quantity of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is supplied into thepressurized chamber 184, thegate valve 186 is opened and the supply of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is delivered into a holdingchamber 190. - It is to be understood that, during the solids reaction process, the supply of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B may only momentarily remain in the holding
chamber 190 before being delivered into thesolids reactor 114. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 4 , the holdingchamber 190 includes asuitable mechanism 192 for forcing or ejecting the supply of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B into thesolids reactor 114. In one non-limiting example, theejecting mechanism 192 can be apneumatic cylinder 94 that is operatively connected to aplate 196 that pushes the supply of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B through theinlet port 138 of thesolids reactor 114. Theejecting mechanism 192 can be synchronized with thepressurized chamber 184 to meter desired quantities of un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B into thesolids reactor 14 without obstructing or jamming thesolids reactor 114. - In certain embodiments, the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B can be rapidly injected through the
inlet port 138 and into the pyrolization/reformer chamber 130. In such embodiments, the rapid injection into thesolids reactor 114 aids in preventing un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B from accumulating at thecharge end 132 of thesolids reactor 114. - The
pressurized furnace vessel 112 includes at least onedischarge assembly 160 that is disposed adjacent abottom portion 162 near thedischarge end 154 of thepressurized furnace vessel 112. Upon rotation of thesolids reactor 114 about the axis A′ by thedrive system 118, the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B is advanced from thecharge end 132 of thesolids reactor 114 to thedischarge end 136. After this further pyrolyzing of the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B, any remaining by-product B-B is discharged out of one or more of thedischarge openings 139 in thesolids reactor 114, and through thedischarge assembly 160. It is to be understood that, in certain embodiments, thedischarge assembly 160 can be connected to a final by-products repository 164. - In certain embodiments, the
solids reactor system 110 can include ade-pressurizing system 170 having ade-pressurizing chamber 172 and a pair of opposing first andsecond control devices de-pressurizing chamber 172 when thefirst control device 174 is in a closed position and thede-pressurizing chamber 172 is still at substantially the same pressures as the operating pressures of thesecond pyrolysis system 110. - After a supply of final by-products B-B is introduced into the
de-pressurizing chamber 172, thesecond control device 176 is closed, thereby maintaining the pressure within thesolids reactor system 110. Thefirst control device 174 can then be opened, releasing the final by-product B-B into the by-products repository 164. The pressure being released from thede-pressurizing chamber 172 can help expel the final by-product B-B into the by-products repository 164. - Referring now to
FIG. 7 , a schematic process flow diagram shows use of arotary retort system 10 and asolids reactor system 110 in a thermal recapturesystem 200. Therotary retort system 10 is operatively connected to thesolids reactor system 110, as generally described above, and both are operatively connected to agas reactor 210. - In general, the pyrolyzer gas product P-G generated in the
rotary retort system 10 exits via theoutlet port 59. The gas product G generated in thesolids reactor system 110 exits via theoutlet port 159. The gas products P-G and G can then be supplied to thegas reactor 210 for additional processing, use and/or consumption. - In the embodiment illustrated in
FIG. 7 , the pyrolyzer gas product P-G and the un-pyrolyzed material/by-product M-B exit that therotary retort 10 at a first temperature, 1st T°. The solids reactor gas product G and the un-pyrolyzed final byproduct B-B exit thesolids reactor system 110 at a second and different temperature, 2nd T°. - In addition, in certain embodiments, the
gas reactor 210 can generate excess heat energy. - In order to capture excess heat that is generated and to reduce energy consumption, the
rotary retort system 10 can be operatively connected to one or more of asuitable economizer 215, aheat exchanger 220 and/or asuper heat exchanger 230 to recapture heat from the products-of-combustion POC and to supply heat energy to thesolids reactor system 110. - In one non-limiting example, the
solids reactor system 110 can be operated at a temperature that is higher than the operating temperature of the rotaryretort pyrolyzer system 110 such that 2nd T° is higher than the 1st T°. - Referring now to
FIG. 8 , a schematic process flow diagram shows use of arotary retort system 10 in another embodiment of a thermal recapturesystem 300. Therotary retort system 10 is operatively connected to agas reactor 310. - The gas product P-G generated in the
rotary retort system 10 exits via theoutlet port 59 which can then be supplied to thegas reactor 310 for additional processing, use and/or consumption. - In the embodiment illustrated in
FIG. 8 , the pyrolyzer gas product P-G exits therotary retort system 10 at a first temperature, 1st T°. - In order to reduce energy consumption, the
rotary retort system 10 can be operatively connected to one or more of asuitable economizer 315, aheat exchanger 320 and/or asuper heat exchanger 330 to recapture from the products-of-combustion POC and to supply heat energy to thegas reactor 310. - It is to be noted that the rotary retort pyrolyzer systems described herein are useful in pyrolyzing different types of feedstock material. It is further to be noted that, in certain specific embodiments, additional amounts of water W and/or steam S can be supplied into the rotary retort, as indicated in
FIG. 1 (W and/or S) where the pyrolysis may be efficient when the material M (and, optionally water and/or steam S) can be combined into one stream before being dispensed into the pressurizingchamber 84. Also, as shown inFIG. 2 , in certain embodiments, an additionalsteam supply system 70 can be operatively connected to therotary retort system 10. - While the invention has been described with reference to various and preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the essential scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof.
- Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed herein contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (27)
1. A process for the pyrolysis of at least one material, comprising:
i) introducing the material into a pressurized rotary retort system;
ii) heating the material in the pressurized rotary retort system within a desired temperature range and within a desired pressure range for a desired period of time; and
iii) advancing the heated and pressurized material from a first end to a second end of the pressurized rotary retort by rotating the pressurized retort about its longitudinal axis;
wherein at least a quantity of the material is converted into one or more end products.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the pressurized rotary retort system is configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of the material; and further including a gas reactor for receiving the gaseous product from the pressurized rotary retort system.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the material is supplied under elevated pressures and at elevated temperatures.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the pressure within the rotary retort system provides forces for driving the gaseous products from the rotary retort system.
5. The process of claim 1 , further including subjecting by-products of the pyrolysis process to a further pyrolization process.
6. The process of claim 1 , further including a solids system reactor for receiving a supply of un-pyrolyzed material and/or by-products from the rotary retort system.
7. The process of claim 1 , further including a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving un-pyrolyzed by-product and for generating at least one additional gaseous product.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein a supply of the gaseous product is used to supply heat to the rotary retort system.
9. The process of claim 1 , including advancing the material through the pressurized rotary retort system using a plurality of flights positioned within the rotary retort system.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the rotary retort is rotated about a longitudinally extending axis at more than one speed.
11. A pyrolysis system comprising:
i) a pressurized rotary retort system configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of material; and having a pressurized furnace vessel and a retort positioned within the pressurized furnace vessel; and
ii) a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving and pyrolyzing un-pyrolyzed material from the pressurized rotary retort system.
12. The system of claim 11 , further including a gas reactor for receiving the gaseous product from the pressurized rotary retort system.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the material is supplied under elevated pressures and at elevated temperatures.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the pressure within the rotary retort system provides forces for driving the gaseous products from the rotary retort system.
15. The system of claim 12 , further including a heat exchanger system configured for capturing heat generated by pyrolysis of material and/or heat generated by production of gaseous products.
16. The system of claim 12 , wherein a supply of the gaseous product is used to supply heat to the rotary retort system.
17. The system of claim 12 , including advancing the material through the pressurized rotary retort system using a plurality of separately spaced flights positioned within the pressurized rotary retort system.
18. The system of claim 12 , wherein the pressurized rotary retort is rotated about a longitudinally extending axis at more than one speed.
19. A process for the pyrolysis of at least one material, comprising:
i) introducing the material into a pressurized rotary retort system;
ii) heating the material in the pressurized rotary retort system within a desired temperature range and within a desired pressure range for a desired period of time; and
iii) advancing the heated and pressurized material from a first end to a second end of the pressurized rotary retort by rotating the pressurized retort about its longitudinal axis;
wherein the pressurized rotary retort system is configured for producing at least one gaseous product from pyrolysis of the material; and further including a gas reactor for receiving the gaseous product from the pressurized rotary retort system; and
wherein at least a quantity of the material is converted into one or more end products.
20. The process of claim 19 , wherein the material is supplied under elevated pressures and at elevated temperatures.
21. The process of claim 19 , wherein the pressure within the rotary retort system provides forces for driving the gaseous products from the rotary retort system.
22. The process of claim 19 , further including subjecting by-products of the pyrolysis process to a further pyrolization process.
23. The process of claim 19 , further including a solids system reactor for receiving a supply of un-pyrolyzed material and/or by-products from the rotary retort system.
24. The process of claim 19 , further including a solids reactor system operatively connected to the rotary retort for receiving un-pyrolyzed by-product and for generating at least one additional gaseous product.
25. The process of claim 19 , wherein a supply of the gaseous product is used to supply heat to the rotary retort system.
26. The process of claim 19 , including advancing the material through the pressurized rotary retort system using a plurality of flights positioned within the rotary retort system.
27. The process of claim 19 , wherein the rotary retort is rotated about a longitudinally extending axis at more than one speed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/378,838 US20120125758A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Pyrolysis System |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US21819709P | 2009-06-18 | 2009-06-18 | |
PCT/US2010/039058 WO2010148242A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Pyrolysis system |
US13/378,838 US20120125758A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Pyrolysis System |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20120125758A1 true US20120125758A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
Family
ID=43353054
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/817,033 Abandoned US20100319255A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-16 | Process and system for production of synthesis gas |
US13/378,838 Abandoned US20120125758A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Pyrolysis System |
US13/378,831 Abandoned US20130020190A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Rotary Retort System |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/817,033 Abandoned US20100319255A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-16 | Process and system for production of synthesis gas |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/378,831 Abandoned US20130020190A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2010-06-17 | Rotary Retort System |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20100319255A1 (en) |
WO (3) | WO2010148241A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120096768A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2012-04-26 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Process and System for Production of Synthesis Gas |
US20180051876A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-02-22 | Standard Gas Limited | Pyrolysis retort methods and apparatus |
US11959023B1 (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2024-04-16 | Applied Gaia Corporation | Pyrolyser |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0812683D0 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2008-08-20 | Chalabi Rifat A | Multi-heat zone gasifier |
CN101906325B (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2013-09-04 | 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 | Process and apparatus thereof for low-temperature cracking and high-temperature gasification of biomass |
US8992639B2 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2015-03-31 | Peter Rugg | Process for purifying solid carboniferous fuels prior to combustion, liquefaction or gasification using a rotary chamber |
JP5347056B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-11-20 | カーボンファイバーリサイクル工業株式会社 | Regenerated carbon fiber production apparatus and regenerated carbon fiber production method |
US10144874B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-04 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for performing thermochemical conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock to a reaction product |
US9376639B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-28 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for performing gasification of carbonaceous feedstock |
HUE029838T2 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2017-04-28 | Elg Carbon Fibre Int Gmbh | Pyrolysis assembly and method for the recovery of carbon fibres from plastics containing carbon fibre, and recycled carbon fibres |
GB2513143B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2015-11-11 | Chinook End Stage Recycling Ltd | Improvements in waste processing |
ITPD20130230A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-09 | Ronda Engineering Srl | PLANT AND METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
GB2536049B (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2017-06-07 | Standard Gas Ltd | Advanced thermal treatment method |
GB2536048A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-07 | Standard Gas Ltd | Advanced thermal treatment methods and apparatus |
US10280377B1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-05-07 | Helge Carl Nestler | Pyrolysis and steam cracking system |
US10760004B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2020-09-01 | Terrapower, Llc | Method for recycling pyrolysis tail gas through conversion into formic acid |
US10787610B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2020-09-29 | Terrapower, Llc | Flexible pyrolysis system and method |
IT202100024005A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-17 | Ronda Eng Srl | Organic material treatment apparatus |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4090622A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1978-05-23 | Sunbeam Equipment Corporation | Rotary retort furnace |
US4439209A (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1984-03-27 | Wilwerding Carl M | Thermal decomposition apparatus |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3776150A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1973-12-04 | Awt Systems Inc | Fluidized bed system for solid wastes |
US4013516A (en) * | 1975-03-13 | 1977-03-22 | Hanover Research Corporation | Apparatus and process for the pyrolysis of waste solids concentrates |
US4477331A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-10-16 | Pedco, Inc. | Method for retorting particulate solids having recoverable volatile constituents in a rotating horizontal chamber |
US4831060A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1989-05-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Mixed alcohols production from syngas |
US4966348A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-10-30 | Lindberg Corp. | Method and apparatus for monitoring atmosphere in furnaces |
US5228850A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1993-07-20 | Surface Combustion, Inc. | Industrial furnace with improved heat transfer |
US5749722A (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1998-05-12 | American Gas Furnace Company | Single charge continuous rotary retort furnace with an accessible door |
US5851361A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-12-22 | Hogan; Jim S. | Apparatus for processing an organic solid |
US6248796B1 (en) * | 1999-11-13 | 2001-06-19 | Powerenercat. Inc. | Method for production of mixed alcohols from synthesis gas |
US6753353B2 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2004-06-22 | Powerenercat, Inc. | Method for production of mixed alcohols from synthesis gas |
TWI241392B (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2005-10-11 | Japan Science & Tech Agency | Apparatus and method for gasifying solid or liquid fuel |
US6533945B2 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2003-03-18 | Texaco Inc. | Fischer-Tropsch wastewater utilization |
US6627666B1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2003-09-30 | Rentech Inc. | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using industrial process off gas feedstreams |
US6863878B2 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2005-03-08 | Robert E. Klepper | Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from carbonaceous materials |
CZ2004930A3 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2005-02-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for producing synthetic transportation fuels from carbonaceous materials using self-sustained hydro-gasification and apparatus for making the same |
US6723756B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2004-04-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Aqueous separation of syngas components |
US7232588B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2007-06-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Device and method for vaporizing temperature sensitive materials |
ITRM20050207A1 (en) * | 2005-05-02 | 2006-11-03 | Pyrolb S R L | INTEGRATED PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTE VIA PYROLYSIS AND ITS INSTALLATION. |
US7655215B2 (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2010-02-02 | Bioconversion Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from waste materials |
AU2007238126B2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2013-08-15 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus for solid carbonaceous materials synthesis gas generation |
WO2008013794A2 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-01-31 | Clean Energy, L.L.C. | Conversion of carbonaceous materials to synthetic natural gas by pyrolysis, reforming, and methanation |
WO2008112306A1 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-18 | Tucker Richard D | Pyrolysis systems, methods, and resultants derived therefrom |
US8641991B2 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2014-02-04 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hybrid refinery for co-processing biomass with conventional refinery streams |
US8354563B2 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2013-01-15 | Maverick Biofuels, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for synthesis of alcohols from syngas |
-
2010
- 2010-06-16 US US12/817,033 patent/US20100319255A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-17 WO PCT/US2010/039057 patent/WO2010148241A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-06-17 WO PCT/US2010/039042 patent/WO2010148233A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-06-17 US US13/378,838 patent/US20120125758A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-17 US US13/378,831 patent/US20130020190A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-17 WO PCT/US2010/039058 patent/WO2010148242A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4090622A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1978-05-23 | Sunbeam Equipment Corporation | Rotary retort furnace |
US4439209A (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1984-03-27 | Wilwerding Carl M | Thermal decomposition apparatus |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120096768A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2012-04-26 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Process and System for Production of Synthesis Gas |
US10519047B2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2019-12-31 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Process and system for production of synthesis gas |
US11447402B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2022-09-20 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Process for production of synthesis gas using a coaxial feed system |
US20180051876A1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-02-22 | Standard Gas Limited | Pyrolysis retort methods and apparatus |
US11029024B2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | Standard Gas Limited | Pyrolysis retort methods and apparatus |
US11959023B1 (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2024-04-16 | Applied Gaia Corporation | Pyrolyser |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010148241A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
WO2010148233A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
WO2010148242A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
US20130020190A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
US20100319255A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20120125758A1 (en) | Pyrolysis System | |
Campuzano et al. | Auger reactors for pyrolysis of biomass and wastes | |
US11248184B2 (en) | Gasification system | |
AU2016250908B2 (en) | Pyrolysis apparatus and method | |
US20170159931A1 (en) | Waste processing apparatus | |
US20100193743A1 (en) | Gasification | |
CN103814117A (en) | Improvements in waste processing | |
WO2014167141A1 (en) | Screw conveyor reactor and use for pyrolysis or torrefaction of biomass | |
EP2478069A1 (en) | Reactor for pyrolysis of biomass | |
US20140110242A1 (en) | Biomass converter and methods | |
CN109506228B (en) | Biomass combustion furnace with multiple discharging pipes | |
RU182327U1 (en) | REACTOR FOR THE PYROLYSIS OF CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIALS | |
WO2014090574A1 (en) | Thermal processing system having an auger arrangement and method using it | |
WO2013088105A1 (en) | Thermal processing system | |
RU2544635C1 (en) | Method and device for flash-pyrolysis of hydrocarbon materials using induction heating | |
CN102249226B (en) | Zero-discharge and self-heating charring process for activated carbon preparation | |
AU2015282414B2 (en) | A gasifier | |
RU2683073C2 (en) | Continuous action reactor for pyrolysis of carbon-containing materials | |
EP1945741B1 (en) | Device and method for obtaining energy from bioenergy sources and other organic materials | |
RU149820U1 (en) | GAS GENERATOR PLANT FOR THE PROCESSING OF CONDENSED ORGANIC FUEL | |
WO2007132528A1 (en) | Method of coal degradation and apparatus therefor | |
US9541285B2 (en) | Solid fuel burner-gasifier methods and apparatus | |
CN117946767A (en) | Gasification system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RED LION BIO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES. INC., OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STRUBLE, DOUGLAS S.;FAIZEE, NOUREEN;REEL/FRAME:027614/0634 Effective date: 20120125 Owner name: SURFACE COMBUSTION, INC., OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HOETZL, MAX;REEL/FRAME:027614/0626 Effective date: 20120111 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |