WO2013018161A1 - 電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013018161A1 WO2013018161A1 PCT/JP2011/067476 JP2011067476W WO2013018161A1 WO 2013018161 A1 WO2013018161 A1 WO 2013018161A1 JP 2011067476 W JP2011067476 W JP 2011067476W WO 2013018161 A1 WO2013018161 A1 WO 2013018161A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- alloy foil
- strength
- hours
- solid solution
- Prior art date
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 34
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018191 Al—Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
- H01M4/662—Alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/02—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, blooms, or billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant ; Rolling combined with forging or pressing
- B21B1/026—Rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12431—Foil or filament smaller than 6 mils
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode current collector used for a secondary battery, an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor and the like, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy foil used for a positive electrode material of a lithium ion secondary battery. Furthermore, it is related with the aluminum alloy foil used for the electrode material for negative electrodes of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- a lithium ion secondary battery having a high energy density is used as a power source for portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebook computers.
- the electrode material of the lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode plate, a separator, and a negative electrode plate.
- As the positive electrode material an aluminum alloy foil is used as a support, which is excellent in electric conductivity, does not affect the electric efficiency of the secondary battery, and generates less heat.
- JIS 1085 and JIS 3003 aluminum alloys are used. Yes.
- An active material mainly composed of a lithium-containing metal oxide such as LiCoO 2 is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy foil.
- an active material having a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m is applied to both sides of an aluminum alloy foil of about 20 ⁇ m, and drying is performed to remove the solvent in the active material. Furthermore, in order to increase the density of the active material, compression processing is performed by a press machine. (Hereinafter, the process of “compressing with a press” is referred to as press working.)
- the positive electrode plate manufactured in this way is laminated with the separator and the negative electrode plate, and then wound and stored in a case. After being molded, it is stored in a case.
- the aluminum alloy foil used for the positive electrode material of the lithium ion secondary battery has problems such as occurrence of breakage during application of the active material and breakage at the bent portion during winding, and thus high strength is required. .
- a heat treatment of about 100 ° C. to 180 ° C. is performed. Therefore, wrinkles are generated at the time of winding, and the adhesion between the active material and the aluminum alloy foil is lowered, and breakage at the time of slitting is likely to occur.
- the adhesion between the active material and the surface of the aluminum alloy foil is lowered, there is a problem in that peeling progresses during repeated use of charge and discharge and the capacity of the battery is reduced.
- the electrical conductivity is a physical property value representing the ease of passing electricity in the substance, and indicates that the higher the electrical conductivity, the easier it is for electricity to pass.
- Lithium ion secondary batteries used in automobiles, power tools, and the like are required to have larger output characteristics than lithium ion secondary batteries such as mobile phones and laptop computers used for consumer use.
- the electrical conductivity is low, when a large current flows, the internal resistance of the battery increases, which causes a problem that the output voltage of the battery decreases.
- An aluminum alloy foil having an Al purity of 99% or more is used for a lithium ion alloy foil for a secondary battery that requires high conductivity.
- the aluminum alloy foil having an Al purity of 99% or more contains a small amount of elements, there is no solid solution element or fine precipitate that can suppress the movement of dislocations. The strength is greatly reduced.
- an electrode current collector material particularly an electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery
- an aluminum alloy foil having high strength after final cold rolling and high strength after heating in the drying process while maintaining high electrical conductivity. It has been.
- Patent Document 1 proposes an aluminum alloy foil for a battery current collector having a tensile strength of 98 MPa or more. However, there is no disclosure about the strength after the drying step in the manufacturing process of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode material.
- Patent Document 2 proposes an aluminum alloy foil for a lithium ion secondary battery electrode current collector having a tensile strength of 160 MPa or more.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method for preventing peeling from an active material without increasing plastic strength during press working by increasing the strength of an aluminum alloy foil.
- Patent Document 4 proposes an aluminum alloy plate having a solid solution amount of Fe of less than 50 ppm, a plate thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, and a tensile strength of 145 to 200 MPa.
- application to the electrode current collector is difficult within the range of the plate thickness.
- the amount of solid solution of Fe is small, the strength is greatly reduced when heat treatment is performed at 120 to 160 ° C. for 15 minutes to 24 hours.
- an aluminum alloy foil for an electrode current collector that has satisfactory characteristics in both strength and conductivity cannot be obtained.
- This invention is made
- the present inventors examined aluminum alloy foil used for a positive electrode material of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the components were regulated to an appropriate range, and the ingot was homogenized and hot-rolled during the production process. By optimizing the temperature conditions and controlling the solid solution precipitation state of the element, it was found that high strength can be maintained even after the heat treatment in the drying step after application of the active material, while maintaining high electrical conductivity. .
- the first invention is Fe: 0.03-0.1 mass% (hereinafter simply referred to as%), Si: 0.01-0.1%, Cu: 0.0001-0.01%, Mn : An electrode current collector containing 0.005% or less, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, a tensile strength of 180 MPa or more, a 0.2% proof stress of 160 MPa or more, and a conductivity of 60% IACS or more Aluminum alloy foil for use.
- the aluminum alloy foil for electrode current collector as described above, wherein the solid solution amount of Fe is 100 ppm or more, the solid solution amount of Si is 80 ppm or more, and the solid solution amount of Cu is 1 ppm or more It is.
- the electrode according to the above wherein the tensile strength after heat treatment at 120 to 160 ° C. for 15 minutes to 24 hours is 170 MPa or more and the 0.2% proof stress is 150 MPa or more.
- This is an aluminum alloy foil for a current collector.
- a fourth invention is a method for producing an aluminum alloy foil for an electrode current collector as described above, wherein Fe: 0.03 to 0.1%, Si: 0.01 to 0.1%, Cu: 0.00.
- An aluminum alloy ingot containing 0001 to 0.01%, Mn: 0.005% or less, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities is held at 550 to 620 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours, and the starting temperature is 500 ° C. or more.
- a method for producing an aluminum alloy foil for an electrode current collector comprising hot rolling at an end temperature of 255 to 300 ° C.
- the first to fourth inventions can be combined as appropriate.
- the points that were particularly important in completing the present invention were (1) performing the homogenization heat treatment at 550 to 620 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours, (2) setting the hot rolling start temperature to 500 ° C. or higher, (3) To satisfy the three temperature conditions of setting the end temperature of hot rolling to 255 to 300 ° C. at the same time, and when one of these conditions is not satisfied, the strength and conductivity In both cases, it is impossible to obtain an aluminum alloy foil for an electrode current collector having excellent characteristics. Only when these temperature conditions are satisfied, it has been clarified that an aluminum alloy foil having high strength and high conductivity in which Fe, Si, and Cu are sufficiently dissolved can be obtained. Of these three conditions, it is particularly important that the end temperature of hot rolling is 255 to 300 ° C. When the end temperature of hot rolling is outside this range, there arises a problem that the production efficiency of the aluminum foil is deteriorated and the strength of the aluminum foil is lowered.
- the aluminum alloy foil for electrode collectors including the aluminum alloy foil for batteries can be provided.
- composition of the aluminum alloy foil for lithium ion batteries according to the present invention is as follows: Fe: 0.03-0.1%, Si: 0.01-0.1%, Cu: 0.0001-0.01%, Mn: It contains 0.005% or less, and consists of the balance Al and inevitable impurities.
- Si is an element that improves the strength when added, and is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1%. If the amount of Si added is less than 0.01%, it hardly contributes to strength improvement.
- the Al bullion used normally contains Si as an impurity, and high purity bullion is used to regulate to less than 0.01%. is there. On the other hand, if the amount of Si added exceeds 0.1%, it is difficult to maintain high conductivity, which is not preferable.
- Fe is an element that improves the strength when added, and is contained in an amount of 0.03 to 0.1%. If the amount of Fe added is less than 0.03%, the strength is not improved. On the other hand, if the amount of Fe added exceeds 0.1%, it is difficult to maintain high conductivity, which is not preferable.
- Cu is an element that improves the strength when added, and is contained in an amount of 0.0001 to 0.01%. If the amount of Cu added is less than 0.0001%, it hardly contributes to strength improvement. In addition, high-purity bullion is used, which is economically difficult. On the other hand, if the amount of Cu added exceeds 0.01%, it is difficult to maintain high conductivity, which is not preferable.
- Mn When Mn is contained even in a trace amount, it dissolves in the Al alloy and greatly reduces the conductivity, so it is restricted to 0.005% or less. If it exceeds 0.005%, it is difficult to maintain high conductivity, which is not preferable.
- this material contains inevitable impurities such as Cr, Ni, Zn, Mg, Ti, B, V, and Zr. These inevitable impurities are preferably 0.02% or less individually, and the total amount is preferably 0.15% or less.
- the solid solution amount is preferably 100 ppm or more. If the solid solution amount of Fe is less than 100 ppm, the contribution to strength improvement is small.
- the upper limit of the solid solution amount of Fe is not particularly specified, but if the solid solution amount of Fe is excessively increased, the decrease in conductivity is increased, so 300 ppm or less is preferable.
- the solid solution amount is preferably 80 ppm or more. When the solid solution amount of Si is less than 80 ppm, the contribution to strength improvement is small, and a high-purity metal is used, which is economically difficult.
- the upper limit of the solid solution amount of Si is not particularly defined, but if the addition amount is in the range of 0.01 to 0.1%, as much as possible of the added Si is in solid solution to improve the strength. It is preferable for this purpose.
- the solid solution amount is preferably 1 ppm or more.
- the upper limit of the solid solution amount of Cu is not particularly defined, but if the addition amount is in the range of 0.0001 to 0.01%, as much of the added Cu as possible is in solid solution. It is preferable for this purpose.
- the movement of dislocations can be achieved by optimizing the ingot homogenization treatment and the temperature conditions during hot rolling, and by dissolving each element more in solid solution. Suppressed, higher strength can be achieved. Furthermore, since the amount of solid solution is increased, work hardening is also improved, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy foil can be further increased by cold rolling and foil rolling.
- the base plate tensile strength after the final cold rolling is 180 MPa or more, and the 0.2% proof stress is 160 MPa or more. If the tensile strength is less than 180 MPa and the 0.2% proof stress is less than 160 MPa, the strength is insufficient, and breakage and cracks are likely to occur due to the tension applied during application of the active material. In addition, it also causes problems such as medium elongation, which adversely affects productivity.
- the manufacturing process of the positive electrode plate includes a drying process after applying the active material for the purpose of removing the solvent in the active material.
- heat treatment is performed at a temperature of about 100 to 180 ° C.
- This heat treatment may soften the aluminum alloy foil and change its mechanical properties, so the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy foil after the heat treatment become important.
- dislocations are activated and easily moved by heat energy from the outside, and the strength decreases during the recovery process. In order to prevent a decrease in strength during the recovery process during heat treatment, it is effective to suppress the movement of dislocations by solid solution elements and precipitates in the aluminum alloy.
- the tensile strength after heat treatment is 170 MPa or more and the 0.2% proof stress is 150 MPa or more when any heat treatment is performed at 120 ° C. for 24 hours, 140 ° C. for 3 hours, and 160 ° C. for 15 minutes.
- the homogenization treatment conditions and the hot rolling conditions are controlled. If the tensile strength after heat treatment is less than 170 MPa and the 0.2% proof stress is less than 150 MPa, medium elongation is likely to occur during press processing after the drying step, so that wrinkles are generated during winding and the active material It is not preferable because it is easy to peel off or break when slitting.
- the conductivity is 60% IACS or higher.
- the conductivity indicates the solid solution state of the solute element.
- the electrode collector of the present application is used for a lithium ion secondary battery, if the electrical conductivity is less than 60% IACS, the output characteristics deteriorate when used at a high current value such that the discharge rate exceeds 5 C. This is not preferable.
- 1 C is a current value at which discharge is completed in one hour after a constant current discharge is performed on a cell having a nominal capacity value.
- an aluminum alloy ingot having the above alloy composition is produced by the following steps.
- An aluminum alloy having the above composition can be obtained by melt casting by a conventional method and then obtaining an ingot, and is produced by a semi-continuous casting method or a continuous casting method.
- the cast aluminum alloy ingot is homogenized at 550 to 620 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours.
- the homogenization temperature is less than 550 ° C. or less than 1 hour, elements such as Si and Fe are not sufficiently dissolved, and the strength and strength after heating decrease, which is not preferable.
- the temperature exceeds 620 ° C., the ingot is locally melted, or a very small amount of hydrogen gas mixed during casting comes out to the surface, which is not preferable because the surface of the material tends to swell.
- the homogenization time exceeds 20 hours, the effect is saturated, resulting in a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost.
- Hot rolling After the homogenization treatment, hot rolling, cold rolling and foil rolling are performed to obtain an aluminum alloy foil having a foil thickness of 6 to 30 ⁇ m.
- Hot rolling starts at a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher after the homogenization treatment is completed. If the starting temperature of hot rolling is less than 500 ° C., the amount of precipitation of elements such as Si and Fe increases, and it becomes difficult to secure a solid solution amount for improving the strength. In particular, the amount of Fe dissolved in the solid has a great influence in order to maintain high strength. Since Fe is likely to precipitate as an Al 3 Fe, Al—Fe—Si based intermetallic compound in the temperature range of 350 to 500 ° C., it is necessary to shorten the time required in this temperature range as much as possible. In particular, the required time in the temperature range of 350 to 500 ° C. in the hot rolling is preferably within 20 minutes.
- the end temperature of hot rolling is 255 to 300 ° C.
- the end temperature during hot rolling can be determined by changing the line speed and adjusting the processing heat generation and cooling conditions.
- the hot-rolled aluminum plate is wound up on the outlet side of the hot rolling mill to be cooled as a coil.
- the end temperature of hot rolling exceeds 300 ° C., recrystallization of aluminum inside the coil proceeds during cooling, so that the accumulated strain decreases and the strength decreases.
- a more preferable temperature range is 255 to 285 ° C.
- cold rolling is performed after the hot rolling is completed, it is preferable not to perform intermediate annealing before or during the cold rolling.
- the intermediate annealing is performed, the strain accumulated by the hot rolling and the cold rolling before the intermediate annealing is released, and the strength is reduced. Further, Fe dissolved during the homogenization treatment and hot rolling is precipitated, and the amount of Fe solution decreases, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy foil after the final cold rolling and the temperature from 120 to 160 ° C. for 15 minutes to The strength after heat treatment for 24 hours decreases.
- the thickness of the aluminum alloy foil after final cold rolling is 6-30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is less than 6 ⁇ m, pinholes are easily generated during foil rolling, which is not preferable.
- it exceeds 30 ⁇ m the volume and weight of the electrode current collector occupying the same volume increase, and the volume and weight of the active material decrease. In the case of a lithium ion secondary battery, this leads to a decrease in battery capacity, which is not preferable.
- An aluminum alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was melt cast by a semi-continuous casting method to produce an ingot having a thickness of 500 mm. Next, after this ingot was chamfered, homogenization treatment was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1, and after the homogenization treatment, hot rolling was performed to obtain a plate thickness of 3.0 mm. In Examples 1 to 8 and 10 to 12, cold rolling and foil rolling were continuously performed without performing intermediate annealing to obtain an aluminum alloy foil having a foil thickness of 12 ⁇ m. In Example 9, cold rolling was performed to 0.8 mm after hot rolling, and intermediate annealing was performed at 490 ° C. for 4 hours. Thereafter, cold rolling and foil rolling were continuously performed to obtain an aluminum alloy foil having a foil thickness of 12 ⁇ m. Comparative Examples 13 to 21 were also manufactured in the same manufacturing process as in the above example.
- the positive electrode material of the lithium ion secondary battery was manufactured with each aluminum alloy foil.
- PVDF serving as a binder was added to an active material mainly composed of LiCoO 2 to form a positive electrode slurry.
- a positive electrode slurry was applied to both surfaces of the aluminum alloy foil having a width of 30 mm, dried at 120 ° C. for 24 hours, 140 ° C. for 3 hours and 160 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then a roller press machine. To increase the density of the active material.
- ⁇ Tensile strength> The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy foil cut in the rolling direction was measured using an Instron type tensile tester AG-10kNX manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The measurement conditions were a test piece size of 10 mm ⁇ 100 mm, a distance between chucks of 50 mm, and a crosshead speed of 10 mm / min.
- the aluminum alloy foil after heat treatment at 120 ° C. for 24 hours, 140 ° C. for 3 hours, and 160 ° C. for 15 minutes is cut out in the rolling direction and has the same tensile strength as above. It was measured.
- 180 MPa or more was accepted and less than 180 MPa was rejected.
- the tensile strength after heat treatment at 120 ° C. for 24 hours, 140 ° C. for 3 hours, and 160 ° C. for 15 minutes was accepted as 170 MPa or more, and rejected as less than 170 MPa.
- ⁇ Conductivity> The electrical conductivity was determined by measuring the electrical resistivity value by the four probe method and converting it to electrical conductivity. More than 60% IACS was accepted and less than 60% IACS was rejected.
- ⁇ Solution amount> The amount of Fe and Cu dissolved is 1.0g of aluminum alloy foil and 50mL of phenol decomposed by heating to about 200 ° C. After adding 100mL of benzyl alcohol as a solidification preventive material, the intermetallic compound is separated by filtration. The filtrate was measured by ICP emission analysis. The intermetallic compound separated by the filtration was dissolved in a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, and the filtrate was subjected to ICP emission analysis to measure the amount of Si deposited as an intermetallic compound. The solid solution amount of Si was obtained by subtracting the precipitated Si amount from the initial Si content.
- Example 1 there was no occurrence of breakage or active material peeling in the active material application process, high electrical conductivity, and good evaluation results were obtained.
- Example 9 where the intermediate annealing was performed, the conductivity was sufficiently high, but the strength was slightly lower than in the other examples.
- strength of aluminum alloy foil becomes higher by making hot rolling completion
- Comparative Example 13 the conductivity was not sufficient due to the large amount of Si.
- Comparative Example 14 since the Fe amount and the Fe solid solution amount are small, the strength and strength after heat treatment at 120 ° C. for 24 hours and 140 ° C. for 3 hours are insufficient. Material delamination occurred.
- Comparative Example 15 the conductivity was not sufficient due to the large amount of Fe.
- Comparative Example 16 the conductivity was not sufficient because of the large amount of Cu.
- Comparative Example 17 the conductivity was not sufficient due to the large amount of Mn.
- Comparative Example 18 since the hot rolling start temperature is low, the amount of Fe solid solution decreases, and after strength and heat treatment at 120 ° C. for 24 hours, 140 ° C. for 3 hours, and 160 ° C. for 15 minutes.
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Abstract
Description
リチウムイオン二次電池の電極材は、正極板、セパレータおよび負極板で構成される。正極材には電気伝導性に優れ、二次電池の電気効率に影響せず、発熱が少ないという特徴を有するアルミニウム合金箔が支持体として使用され、一般的にJIS1085やJIS3003アルミニウム合金が用いられている。アルミニウム合金箔表面にはリチウム含有金属酸化物、たとえばLiCoO2を主成分とする活物質を塗布する。製造方法としては、20μm程度のアルミニウム合金箔に、100μm程度の厚さの活物質を両面に塗布し、活物質中の溶媒を除去する乾燥を実施する。さらに、活物質の密度を増大させるために、プレス機にて圧縮加工を施す。(以下、この「プレス機にて圧縮加工を施す」工程をプレス加工と呼ぶ。)このようにして製造された正極板はセパレータ、負極板と積層された後、捲回し、ケースに収納するための成形を行った後、ケースに収納される。
特許文献1には、引張強さが98MPa以上である電池集電体用アルミニウム合金箔が提案されている。しかし、リチウムイオン二次電池正極材の製造工程における、乾燥工程後の強度についての開示はない。
特許文献2には、引張強度が160MPa以上であるリチウムイオン二次電池電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔が提案されている。しかし、乾燥工程を想定した加熱処理後の強度は低く、プレス加工時の中伸びによる、捲回時の捲きしわやスリット時の破断を防止するのに十分ではない。
特許文献3には、アルミニウム合金箔を高強度化することでプレス加工時に塑性変形をせず、活物質との剥離を防止する方法が示されている。しかし、主要元素としてMn、Cu、Mgを添加した合金であるため、高い導電率を満足することはできない。
特許文献4には、Feの固溶量が50ppm未満であり、板厚が0.1~2mmで引張強さが145~200MPaのアルミニウム合金板が提案されている。しかし、上記板厚の範囲内では、電極集電体への適用は困難である。また、Feの固溶量が少ないために、120~160℃で15分~24時間の熱処理を行った際には、強度が大きく低下してしまう。
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔について、高い導電率を有しつつ、乾燥工程後の強度も高い電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔を提供することを目的とする。
すなわち、第1の発明は、Fe:0.03~0.1mass%(以下単に%と記す。)、Si:0.01~0.1%、Cu:0.0001~0.01%、Mn:0.005%以下を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物から成り、引張強さが180MPa以上、0.2%耐力が160MPa以上、導電率が60%IACS以上を特徴とする電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔である。
また、第1~第4の発明は、適宜組み合わせ可能である。
これらの3つの条件のうち特に重要なのは、熱間圧延の終了温度を255~300℃にすることである。熱間圧延の終了温度がこの範囲外であるとアルミニウム箔の生産効率が悪化したり、アルミニウム箔の強度が低下したりするという問題が生じる。
本発明に係るリチウムイオン電池用アルミニウム合金箔の組成は、Fe:0.03~0.1%、Si:0.01~0.1%、Cu:0.0001~0.01%、Mn:0.005%以下を含有し、残部Al及び不可避的不純物からなる。
アルミニウムに固溶したFeは、アルミニウムの強度を向上させる。その固溶量は100ppm以上とすることが好ましい。Feの固溶量が100ppm未満では、強度向上への寄与が少ない。Feの固溶量の上限は特に規定しないが、Feの固溶量が多くなりすぎると導電率の低下が大きくなるため、300ppm以下が好ましい。
Fe、Si、Cuのみが主に添加されているアルミニウム合金では、鋳塊の均質化処理と熱間圧延時の温度条件を最適化し、各元素をより多く固溶させることで、転位の移動が抑制されて、より高強度を達成することができる。さらに、固溶量が増加することで、加工硬化性も向上するために、冷間圧延と箔圧延により、アルミニウム合金箔の強度をより高くすることができる。
正極板の製造工程には、活物質中の溶媒を除去する目的で活物質塗布後に乾燥工程がある。この乾燥工程では100~180℃程度の温度の熱処理が行われる。この熱処理により、アルミニウム合金箔は軟化して機械的特性が変化する場合があるため、熱処理後のアルミニウム合金箔の機械的特性が重要となる。100~180℃の熱処理時には、外部からの熱エネルギーにより、転位が活性化されて移動し易くなり、回復過程で強度が低下する。熱処理時の回復過程での強度低下を防ぐには、アルミニウム合金中の固溶元素や析出物によって、転位の移動を抑制することが有効である。特に、Fe、Si、Cuのみが主に添加されているアルミニウム合金では、Fe固溶量による効果が大きい。つまり、鋳塊の均質化処理温度を高温化させることで、Feをより多く固溶させ、熱間圧延時にはこれらの固溶したFeをできるだけ析出させずに、高い固溶量を維持することで、熱処理後の強度低下を抑制することができる。
導電率は60%IACS以上とする。導電率は溶質元素の固溶状態を示す。本願電極集電体をリチウムイオン二次電池に用いる場合、導電率が60%IACS未満では放電レートが5Cを超えるような高い電流値で使用する際に、出力特性が低下するため好ましくない。なお、1Cとは公称容量値の容量を有するセルを定電流放電して、1時間で放電終了となる電流値のことである。
本発明では上記合金組成のアルミニウム合金鋳塊を以下の工程で製造する。
前記組成を有するアルミニウム合金は、常法により溶解鋳造後、鋳塊を得ることができ、半連続鋳造法や連続鋳造法により製造される。鋳造したアルミニウム合金鋳塊は、550~620℃で1~20時間の均質化処理を行う。
熱間圧延の終了温度を255℃未満とするには、加工発熱の発生を抑制するためにライン速度を大きく低下させることが必要となり、生産性が低下してしまうため好ましくない。熱間圧延の終了温度が300℃を超えると、冷却中にコイル内部のアルミニウムの再結晶が進行するために、蓄積されたひずみが減少し強度が低下してしまう。より好ましい温度域は、255~285℃である。
圧延方向に切り出したアルミニウム合金箔の引張強さを、島津製作所製インストロン型引張試験機AG-10kNXを使用して測定した。測定条件は、試験片サイズを10mm×100mm、チャック間距離50mm、クロスヘッド速度10mm/分とした。また、乾燥工程を想定し、120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後のアルミニウム合金箔についても、圧延方向に切り出し、上記と同じく引張強さを測定した。引張強さは、180MPa以上を合格とし、180MPa未満を不合格とした。120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後の引張強さは、170MPa以上を合格とし、170MPa未満を不合格とした。
上記と同じく、引張試験を実施して、応力/ひずみ曲線から0.2%耐力を求めた。0.2%耐力は、160MPa以上を合格とし、160MPa未満を不合格とした。120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後の0.2%耐力は、150MPa以上を合格とし、150MPa未満を不合格とした。
導電率は、四端子法にて電気比抵抗値を測定し、導電率に換算して求めた。60%IACS以上を合格とし、60%IACS未満を不合格とした。
FeおよびCuの固溶量は、アルミニウム合金箔1.0gとフェノール50mLを、約200℃に加熱して分解して、固化防止材としてベンジルアルコール100mLを添加後、金属間化合物をろ過にて分離し、ろ液をICP発光分析にて測定した。
上記ろ過にて分離された金属間化合物を、フッ酸と硝酸と塩酸の混合溶液で溶解し、ろ液をICP発光分析することで、金属間化合物として析出しているSi量を測定した。Siの固溶量は、初期のSi含有量から、析出しているSi量を差引くことで得た。
活物質塗布工程において塗布した正極材に、切れが発生したか否かを目視で観察した。切れが発生しなかった場合を合格とし、発生した場合を不合格とした。
活物質剥離の有無は、目視で観察を行った。剥離が発生しなかった場合を合格とし、一部分でも剥離が発生した場合を不合格とした。
比較例14では、Fe量及びFe固溶量が少ないために、強度及び120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間の熱処理を行った後の強度が不足し、活物質塗布工程における切れと活物質の剥離が発生した。
比較例15では、Fe量が多いために、導電率が十分でなかった。
比較例16では、Cu量が多いために、導電率が十分でなかった。
比較例17では、Mn量が多いために、導電率が十分でなかった。
比較例18では、熱間圧延開始温度が低いために、Fe固溶量が低下して、強度及び120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後の強度が不足し、活物質塗布工程における切れと活物質の剥離が発生した。
比較例19では、均質化処理温度が低いために、Fe固溶量が低下して、強度及び120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後の強度が不足し、活物質塗布工程における切れと活物質の剥離が発生した。
比較例20では、均質化処理時の保持時間が短いために、Fe固溶量が低下して強度及び120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間の熱処理を行った後の強度が不足し、活物質塗布工程における切れと活物質の剥離が発生した。
比較例21では、熱間圧延終了の温度が高いために、熱間圧延後のアルミニウム板が再結晶し、強度及び120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分の熱処理を行った後の強度が不足し、活物質塗布工程における切れと活物質の剥離が発生した。
Claims (4)
- Fe:0.03~0.1mass%(以下mass%を単に%と記す。)、Si:0.01~0.1%、Cu:0.0001~0.01%、Mn:0.005%以下を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物から成り、引張強さが180MPa以上、0.2%耐力が160MPa以上、導電率が60%IACS以上を特徴とする電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔。
- Feの固溶量が100ppm以上、Siの固溶量が80ppm以上、Cuの固溶量が1ppm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔。
- 120℃で24時間、140℃で3時間、160℃で15分間の何れの熱処理を行った場合でも熱処理後の引張強さが170MPa以上、0.2%耐力が150MPa以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔。
- 請求項1~3の何れか1つに記載の電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔の製造方法であって、Fe:0.03~0.1%、Si:0.01~0.1%、Cu:0.0001~0.01%、Mn:0.005%以下を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物からなるアルミニウム合金鋳塊を550~620℃で1~20時間保持し、開始温度が500℃以上、終了温度が255~300℃で熱間圧延することを特徴とする電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔の製造方法。
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US14/235,737 US9666867B2 (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | Aluminum alloy foil for electrode collector and production method therefor |
EP11870217.4A EP2738846B1 (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | Aluminum alloy foil for electrode collector and production method therefor |
KR1020147004358A KR101944243B1 (ko) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | 전극 집전체용 알루미늄 합금호일 및 그 제조 방법 |
PCT/JP2011/067476 WO2013018161A1 (ja) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | 電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔及びその製造方法 |
CN201180072486.4A CN103748715B (zh) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | 电极集电体用铝合金箔及其制造方法 |
JP2013526629A JP5830100B2 (ja) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | 電極集電体用アルミニウム合金箔及びその製造方法 |
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JP2021504585A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-02-15 | ハイドロ アルミニウム ロールド プロダクツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングHydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH | リチウムイオン蓄電池の製造のための高強度電池電極箔 |
WO2022168852A1 (ja) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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- 2011-07-29 CN CN201180072486.4A patent/CN103748715B/zh active Active
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Cited By (5)
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JP2021504584A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-02-15 | ハイドロ アルミニウム ロールド プロダクツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングHydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH | リチウムイオン蓄電池の製造のための電池電極箔 |
JP2021504585A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-02-15 | ハイドロ アルミニウム ロールド プロダクツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングHydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH | リチウムイオン蓄電池の製造のための高強度電池電極箔 |
JP7042920B2 (ja) | 2017-11-21 | 2022-03-28 | スペイラ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | リチウムイオン蓄電池の製造のための高強度電池電極箔 |
JP7312760B2 (ja) | 2017-11-21 | 2023-07-21 | スペイラ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | リチウムイオン蓄電池の製造のための電池電極箔 |
WO2022168852A1 (ja) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2738846A4 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
KR20140051322A (ko) | 2014-04-30 |
EP2738846A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
US9666867B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
EP2738846B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
JP5830100B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 |
CN103748715A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
JPWO2013018161A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
CN103748715B (zh) | 2016-10-05 |
KR101944243B1 (ko) | 2019-01-31 |
US20140162085A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
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