WO2022168852A1 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168852A1 WO2022168852A1 PCT/JP2022/003994 JP2022003994W WO2022168852A1 WO 2022168852 A1 WO2022168852 A1 WO 2022168852A1 JP 2022003994 W JP2022003994 W JP 2022003994W WO 2022168852 A1 WO2022168852 A1 WO 2022168852A1
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- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- negative electrode
- core
- electrode core
- mixture layer
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery
- the positive electrode is always positioned so that the negative electrode mixture layer faces the positive electrode mixture layer through the separator so that metallic lithium does not precipitate on the negative electrode. and the negative electrode are arranged opposite to each other.
- the pressure inside the battery increases due to, for example, expansion of the negative electrode mixture layer, increasing the pressure load on the electrode plate and extending the electrode plate.
- Conventional non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries are designed so that the negative electrode is one size larger than the positive electrode in order to maintain the facing state of the positive electrode mixture layer and the negative electrode mixture layer even when the positive electrode is elongated due to charging and discharging. .
- Patent Document 1 discloses an aluminum alloy foil for a positive electrode core having a tensile strength of 180 MPa or more and a 0.2% yield strength of 160 MPa or more.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an aluminum alloy foil for a positive electrode core having a tensile strength of 220 MPa or more and a 0.2% yield strength of 180 MPa or more. Note that Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not describe the physical properties of the negative electrode core.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an electrolytic copper foil for a negative electrode substrate having a 0.2% proof stress of 18 to 25 kgf/mm 2 and an elongation of 10% or more. Further, Patent Document 4 discloses an electrolytic copper foil for a negative electrode core having a 0.2% yield strength of 250 N/mm 2 or more and an elongation of 2.5% or more. Note that Patent Documents 3 and 4 do not describe the physical properties of the positive electrode core.
- conventional non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries are designed so that the negative electrode is formed to be one size larger than the positive electrode, and even if the positive electrode expands due to charging and discharging, the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer does not occur. ing.
- designing the negative electrode with a larger size than the positive electrode is not preferable in terms of increasing the capacity of the battery. Conventionally, no consideration has been given to the amount of elongation of the negative electrode and the positive electrode due to charging and discharging, so it has been difficult to increase the capacity of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery by reducing the size difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. .
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that can more reliably suppress the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer even if the size difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is small.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises: a positive electrode having a positive electrode core; a positive electrode mixture layer provided on the positive electrode core; a negative electrode core; and a negative electrode having an agent layer, wherein the 0.2% proof stress of the positive electrode core is higher than the 0.2% proof stress of the negative electrode core.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery even when the electrode plate is elongated due to charging and discharging, it is possible to more reliably suppress the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer. Therefore, for example, the difference in size between the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be reduced, that is, the positive electrode can be made larger, and the capacity of the battery can be increased.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is an example of an embodiment
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and found that the core strength of the electrode plate, particularly the yield stress of the core, greatly affects the elongation of the electrode plate during charging and discharging of the battery. rice field.
- the stress is proportional to the strain in the region where the strain is small, and the core returns to its original size when the load is removed.
- This region in which the core returns to its original size when unloaded is called the elastic region.
- the elastic region When stress is applied to the core, even if the load is removed at a certain point, the core does not return to its original size. This region is called the plastic region, and the proportional relationship between stress and strain does not hold in the plastic region.
- the point at which the elastic region changes to the plastic region is called the yield point, and the stress at the yield point is called the yield stress.
- the elastic region of the positive electrode core is smaller than the elastic region of the negative electrode core.
- the expansion rate of the negative electrode mixture layer increases as the battery is repeatedly charged and discharged. Then, the pressure load applied to the electrode plate gradually increases, and the strain of the electrode plate eventually exceeds the elastic region and reaches the plastic region. In that case, the plate will not return to its original length even if the pressure load is released by discharging. That is, when the amount of plastic deformation of the positive electrode becomes greater than that of the negative electrode due to charging and discharging, the amount of elongation of the positive electrode becomes greater than that of the negative electrode. As a result, a negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer may occur.
- the present disclosure has been made based on such knowledge of the inventors.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present disclosure by making the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core larger than the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core, even if charging and discharging are repeated, the end of the positive electrode It is possible to more reliably suppress the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer in the part. In this case, the difference in the amount of plastic deformation accumulated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be reduced, or the plastic deformation amount of the positive electrode can be made smaller than that of the negative electrode, and the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region can be highly suppressed. Since the yield point may not appear clearly depending on the material, 0.2% proof stress is used instead of the yield point in the present disclosure.
- a cylindrical battery in which the wound electrode body 14 is housed in a cylindrical outer can 16 with a bottom is exemplified, but the outer casing of the battery is not limited to a cylindrical outer can. It may be an exterior can (square battery), a coin-shaped exterior can (coin-shaped battery), or an exterior body (laminate battery) composed of a laminate sheet including a metal layer and a resin layer. Further, the electrode body may be a laminated electrode body in which a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes are alternately laminated with separators interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 that is an example of an embodiment.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes a wound electrode body 14, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and an outer can 16 that accommodates the electrode body 14 and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the electrode body 14 has a positive electrode 11 , a negative electrode 12 , and a separator 13 , and has a wound structure in which the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are spirally wound with the separator 13 interposed therebetween.
- the outer can 16 is a bottomed cylindrical metal container that is open on one side in the axial direction.
- the battery sealing member 17 side is referred to as the upper side
- the bottom side of the outer can 16 is referred to as the lower side.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte includes a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- non-aqueous solvents include esters, ethers, nitriles, amides, and mixed solvents of two or more thereof.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain a halogen-substituted product obtained by substituting at least part of the hydrogen in these solvents with a halogen element such as fluorine.
- non-aqueous solvents include ethylene carbonate (EC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), mixed solvents thereof, and the like.
- a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 is used as the electrolyte salt. Note that the non-aqueous electrolyte is not limited to a liquid electrolyte, and may be a solid electrolyte.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, and the separator 13, which constitute the electrode assembly 14, are all strip-shaped elongated bodies, and are spirally wound to be alternately laminated in the radial direction of the electrode assembly 14. .
- the negative electrode 12 is formed with a size one size larger than that of the positive electrode 11 in order to prevent deposition of lithium. That is, the negative electrode 12 is formed longer than the positive electrode 11 in the longitudinal direction and the width direction (transverse direction).
- the separator 13 is formed to have a size at least one size larger than that of the positive electrode 11, and two separators 13 are arranged so as to sandwich the positive electrode 11 therebetween.
- the electrode body 14 has a positive electrode lead 20 connected to the positive electrode 11 by welding or the like, and a negative electrode lead 21 connected to the negative electrode 12 by welding or the like.
- the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core 30 is made larger than the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core 40, so that the plasticity of the positive electrode 11 during charging and discharging is reduced.
- the amount of deformation can be made smaller than the amount of plastic deformation of the negative electrode 12 .
- the negative electrode 12 is preferably larger than the positive electrode 11, the difference in size between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 can be made smaller than in conventional batteries, and a larger positive electrode 11 can be used to form a non-aqueous electrolyte. It is possible to increase the capacity of the secondary battery 10 .
- Insulating plates 18 and 19 are arranged above and below the electrode body 14, respectively.
- the positive electrode lead 20 extends through the through hole of the insulating plate 18 toward the sealing member 17
- the negative electrode lead 21 extends through the outside of the insulating plate 19 toward the bottom of the outer can 16 .
- the positive electrode lead 20 is connected to the lower surface of the internal terminal plate 23 of the sealing body 17 by welding or the like, and the cap 27, which is the top plate of the sealing body 17 electrically connected to the internal terminal plate 23, serves as the positive electrode terminal.
- the negative electrode lead 21 is connected to the inner surface of the bottom of the outer can 16 by welding or the like, and the outer can 16 serves as a negative electrode terminal.
- the outer can 16 is a bottomed cylindrical metal container that is open on one side in the axial direction.
- a gasket 28 is provided between the outer can 16 and the sealing member 17 to ensure hermeticity inside the battery and insulation between the outer can 16 and the sealing member 17 .
- the outer can 16 is formed with a grooved portion 22 that supports the sealing member 17 and has a portion of the side surface protruding inward.
- the grooved portion 22 is preferably annularly formed along the circumferential direction of the outer can 16 and supports the sealing member 17 on its upper surface.
- the sealing member 17 is fixed to the upper portion of the outer can 16 by the grooved portion 22 and the open end of the outer can 16 that is crimped to the sealing member 17 .
- the sealing body 17 has a structure in which an internal terminal plate 23, a lower valve body 24, an insulating member 25, an upper valve body 26, and a cap 27 are layered in order from the electrode body 14 side.
- Each member constituting the sealing member 17 has, for example, a disk shape or a ring shape, and each member other than the insulating member 25 is electrically connected to each other.
- the lower valve body 24 and the upper valve body 26 are connected at their central portions, and an insulating member 25 is interposed between their peripheral edge portions.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, and the separator 13 that constitute the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 will be described in detail below, and in particular, the respective cores that constitute the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 will be described in detail.
- the positive electrode 11 has a positive electrode core 30 and a positive electrode mixture layer 31 provided on the surface of the positive electrode core 30 .
- a metal foil stable in the potential range of the positive electrode 11, a film having the metal on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the positive electrode core 30 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, or 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 31 contains a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, and is preferably provided on both surfaces of the positive electrode core 30 excluding the core exposed portion to which the positive electrode lead is connected.
- the thickness of the positive electrode mixture layer 31 on one side of the positive electrode core 30 is, for example, 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode 11 is formed by applying a positive electrode mixture slurry containing a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, etc. to the surface of the positive electrode core 30 , drying the coating film, and then compressing the positive electrode mixture layer 31 . It can be produced by forming on both sides of the positive electrode core 30 .
- a lithium transition metal composite oxide is used for the positive electrode active material.
- Elements other than Li contained in the lithium-transition metal composite oxide include Ni, Co, Mn, Al, B, Mg, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Zr, Nb, In , Sn, Ta, W, Si, P and the like.
- An example of a suitable lithium-transition metal composite oxide is a composite oxide containing at least one element selected from Ni, Co, and Mn. Specific examples include lithium-transition metal composite oxides containing Ni, Co, and Mn, and lithium-transition metal composite oxides containing Ni, Co, and Al.
- Examples of the conductive agent contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 include carbon materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, and graphite.
- Examples of the binder contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 31 include fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide resins, acrylic resins, and polyolefin resins. can.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 31 may further contain cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or salts thereof, polyethylene oxide (PEO), and the like.
- the aluminum alloy foil applied to the positive electrode core 30 is mainly composed of aluminum and contains at least one metal selected from, for example, iron, manganese, copper, magnesium, zinc, zirconium, silicon, chromium, titanium, and nickel. contains.
- An example of aluminum content is 90 to 99.9% by mass, or 95 to 99.5% by mass.
- the aluminum alloy foil preferably contains at least iron, for example 1 to 3% by mass of iron. Physical properties such as the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core 30 can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the aluminum alloy, specifically the type and amount of the additive element such as iron. Generally, the 0.2% yield strength of the alloy foil increases as the amount of iron or the like added increases.
- the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core 30 needs to be greater than the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core 40 .
- the amount of plastic deformation of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 due to charging and discharging can be maintained at the same level, or the amount of plastic deformation of the positive electrode 11 can be made smaller than the amount of plastic deformation of the negative electrode 12. It is possible to more reliably suppress the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer 31 that does not face the material layer.
- the 0.2% proof stress of the core is obtained from a stress-strain curve (SS curve) obtained by a tensile test of the core.
- the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core 30 (hereinafter referred to as “0.2% yield strength P”) should be greater than the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core 40, but preferably the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core 40 It is 1.05 times or more the 2% yield strength (hereinafter referred to as "0.2% yield strength N"). In this case, it becomes easier to suppress the generation of the negative electrode non-facing region of the positive electrode mixture layer 31 .
- the upper limit of the ratio of the 0.2% proof stress P to the 0.2% proof stress N is not particularly limited, but if the strength of the positive electrode core 30 is increased too much, problems such as breakage of the core may occur. .3 times or 1.2 times. Examples of suitable ratio ranges are 1.05 to 1.20, or 1.05 to 1.10.
- the 0.2% yield strength P is, for example, 120-250 N/mm 2 or 150-200 N/mm 2 . If the 0.2% yield strength P is within this range, it becomes easy to suppress the generation of the negative electrode non-opposed region of the positive electrode mixture layer 31 while preventing problems such as breakage of the core. However, the relationship between 0.2% proof stress P and 0.2% proof stress N is important in suppressing the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region, and the relationship of 0.2% proof stress P>0.2% proof stress N is satisfied. If so, the 0.2% proof stress P may be 120 N/mm 2 or less.
- the breaking elongation rate of the positive electrode core 30 is, for example, 1 to 5% or 2 to 4%.
- the 0.2% proof stress P can be adjusted by the composition of the metal foil that constitutes the positive electrode core 30, as described above.
- the 0.2% proof stress P can also be adjusted by changing conditions such as the heat treatment, rolling treatment, and alloying treatment of the positive electrode core 30 .
- the 0.2% proof stress P tends to increase as the heat treatment temperature decreases.
- the heat treatment can be performed at a temperature of 200° C. or less using, for example, a roll press.
- the heat treatment of the positive electrode core 30 may be performed in a state in which the positive electrode mixture layer 31 is not formed, or may be performed in a state of the positive electrode 11 in which the positive electrode mixture layer 31 is formed.
- the negative electrode 12 has a negative electrode core 40 and a negative electrode mixture layer 41 provided on the surface of the negative electrode core 40 .
- a metal foil that is stable in the potential range of the negative electrode 12 a film having the metal on the surface layer, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the negative electrode core 40 is, for example, 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, or 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 41 contains a negative electrode active material and a binder, and is preferably provided on both surfaces of the negative electrode core 40 excluding the core exposed portion to which the negative electrode lead is connected.
- the thickness of the negative electrode mixture layer 41 on one side of the negative electrode core 40 is, for example, 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
- a negative electrode mixture slurry containing a negative electrode active material, a binder, and the like is applied to the surface of the negative electrode core 40, the coating film is dried, and then compressed to form the negative electrode mixture layer 41 on the negative electrode core. It can be made by forming on both sides of the body 40 .
- a material that reversibly absorbs and releases lithium ions is used for the negative electrode active material, such as a carbon-based active material.
- Suitable carbon-based active materials are graphite such as natural graphite such as flake graphite, massive graphite and earthy graphite, artificial graphite such as massive artificial graphite (MAG) and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB).
- an active material containing at least one of an element that alloys with Li, such as Si and Sn, and a compound containing the element may be used. They may be used together.
- a carbon-based active material and a Si-based active material are used in combination.
- An example of a suitable Si-based active material is a compound in which Si fine particles are dispersed in a silicon oxide phase or a silicate phase such as lithium silicate.
- the binder contained in the negative electrode mixture layer 41 fluororesin, PAN, polyimide, acrylic resin, polyolefin, etc. can be used as in the case of the positive electrode 11, but styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is used. is preferred.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 41 may further contain CMC or its salt, polyacrylic acid (PAA) or its salt, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or the like. Among them, it is preferable to use SBR and CMC or a salt thereof in combination.
- a conductive agent may be added to the negative electrode mixture layer 41 .
- a copper foil is preferably used for the negative electrode core 40 from the viewpoints of strength, current collection, workability, material cost, and the like.
- the copper foil applied to the negative electrode core 40 may be either a rolled copper foil produced by hot-rolling a high-purity ingot or an electrolytic copper foil produced by electroplating.
- Electrodeposited copper foil is manufactured by controlling the grain size by adjusting the type, concentration, deposition rate, etc. of additives. In general, the larger the crystal grain size of the copper foil, the lower the strength of the copper foil, and the smaller the crystal grain size, the higher the strength of the copper foil. Crystal grains of the copper foil can be confirmed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the 0.2% proof stress N of the negative electrode core 40 needs to be smaller than the 0.2% proof stress P of the positive electrode core 30 .
- the 0.2% yield strength N is, for example, 150 N/mm 2 or less, but may be greater than 150 N/mm 2 if the condition of 0.2% yield strength N ⁇ 0.2% yield strength P is satisfied.
- the 0.2% proof stress N can be adjusted by appropriately changing conditions such as the composition of the metal foil constituting the negative electrode core 40, heat treatment, rolling treatment, and alloying treatment.
- the 0.2% proof stress N can be increased by adjusting the crystal grain size to an appropriate range by heat treatment.
- the 0.2% proof stress N can be increased.
- a porous sheet having ion permeability and insulation is used for the separator 13 .
- porous sheets include microporous thin films, woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics.
- Suitable materials for the separator 13 include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin, and cellulose.
- the separator 13 may have either a single layer structure or a laminated structure.
- a heat-resistant layer containing inorganic particles, a heat-resistant layer made of a highly heat-resistant resin such as aramid resin, polyimide, polyamideimide, or the like may be formed on the surface of the separator 13 .
- Example 1 [Preparation of positive electrode] An aluminum alloy foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was used as the positive electrode core. The composition of the aluminum alloy was determined so as to obtain the predetermined 0.2% proof stress and elongation, and the alloy foil was heat-treated. A test piece of 12.5 mm ⁇ 63 mm was cut out from the positive electrode core and subjected to a tensile test using a precision universal testing machine AG-I/50N-10kN manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The test conditions conformed to JIS C5016-1994. When the 0.2% yield strength and breaking elongation of the positive electrode core were specified from the obtained SS curve, they were 152 N/mm 2 and 3%, respectively.
- a composite oxide represented by LiNi 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 O 2 was used as a positive electrode active material.
- a positive electrode active material, acetylene black, and polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed at a mass ratio of 100:1:0.9, and an appropriate amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is added to prepare a positive electrode mixture slurry. did.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- This positive electrode mixture slurry was applied to both surfaces of the positive electrode core, the coating film was dried, and then compressed using a roller to produce a positive electrode having positive electrode mixture layers formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode core.
- a core exposed portion was formed in the center of the positive electrode in the longitudinal direction, and an aluminum positive electrode lead was ultrasonically welded to the exposed portion.
- a copper foil having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m and a 0.2% proof stress of 141 N/mm 2 and a breaking elongation of 4% was used as the negative electrode core.
- the 0.2% yield strength and breaking elongation of the negative electrode core were determined by the same tensile test as in the case of the positive electrode core.
- Graphite was used as the negative electrode active material.
- a negative electrode active material, a dispersion of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are mixed at a solid content mass ratio of 100:1:1, and an appropriate amount of water is added to prepare a negative electrode mixture slurry. did.
- This negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both surfaces of the negative electrode core, the coating film was dried, and then compressed using a roller to produce a negative electrode having negative electrode mixture layers formed on both surfaces of the negative electrode core.
- a core exposed portion was formed to which slurry was not applied, and a negative electrode lead made of nickel was ultrasonically welded to the exposed portion.
- LiPF 6 was added to a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate (EC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) at a volume ratio of 3:3:4 (at 25°C) at a concentration of 1 mol/L. to prepare a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- the opening of the outer can is sealed with a gasket and a sealing body to release the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a secondary battery was produced.
- Example 1 An aluminum alloy foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was used as the positive electrode core.
- a positive electrode core was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heat treatment of the alloy foil was made higher than in Example 1 and the 0.2% yield strength was changed to 41 N / mm 2 .
- a water electrolyte secondary battery was produced.
- the elongation rates of the positive electrode and the negative electrode were about the same.
- the elongation rate of the positive electrode is greater than the elongation rate of the negative electrode, and the difference in elongation rate becomes more pronounced as the number of cycles increases. That is, by making the 0.2% yield strength of the positive electrode core larger than the 0.2% yield strength of the negative electrode core, the difference in elongation rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be maintained at the same level even after repeated charging and discharging. .
- the elongation rate of the positive electrode can be made smaller than the elongation rate of the negative electrode.
- the elongation rate of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is about the same, even if the difference in size between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is smaller than that of the conventional battery such as the comparative example, the positive electrode is not merged at the end of the positive electrode. It is possible to more reliably suppress the occurrence of the negative electrode non-facing region of the agent layer. In other words, in the batteries of the examples, it is possible to use a larger positive electrode than in the batteries of the comparative examples, and it is possible to increase the capacity.
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Abstract
Description
正極11は、正極芯体30と、正極芯体30の表面に設けられた正極合剤層31とを有する。正極芯体30は、正極11の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。正極芯体30の厚みは、例えば5μm~35μm、又は10μm~20μmである。正極合剤層31は、正極活物質、導電剤、及び結着剤を含み、正極リードが接続される部分である芯体露出部を除く正極芯体30の両面に設けられることが好ましい。正極合剤層31の厚みは、正極芯体30の片側で、例えば50μm~150μmである。正極11は、正極芯体30の表面に正極活物質、導電剤、及び結着剤等を含む正極合剤スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧縮して正極合剤層31を正極芯体30の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
負極12は、負極芯体40と、負極芯体40の表面に設けられた負極合剤層41とを有する。負極芯体40には、負極12の電位範囲で安定な金属の箔、当該金属を表層に配置したフィルム等を用いることができる。負極芯体40の厚みは、例えば3μm~20μm、又は5μm~15μmである。負極合剤層41は、負極活物質及び結着材を含み、負極リードが接続される部分である芯体露出部を除く負極芯体40の両面に設けられることが好ましい。負極合剤層41の厚みは、負極芯体40の片側で、例えば50μm~150μmである。負極12は、例えば負極芯体40の表面に負極活物質、及び結着材等を含む負極合剤スラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧縮して負極合剤層41を負極芯体40の両面に形成することにより作製できる。
セパレータ13には、イオン透過性及び絶縁性を有する多孔性シートが用いられる。多孔性シートの具体例としては、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布等が挙げられる。セパレータ13の材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレンとαオレフィンの共重合体等のポリオレフィン、セルロースなどが好適である。セパレータ13は、単層構造、積層構造のいずれであってもよい。セパレータ13の表面には、無機粒子を含む耐熱層、アラミド樹脂、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド等の耐熱性の高い樹脂で構成される耐熱層などが形成されていてもよい。
[正極の作製]
正極芯体として、厚さ15μmのアルミニウム合金箔を用いた。所定の0.2%耐力及び伸び率となるように、アルミニウム合金の組成を決定し、合金箔の熱処理を行った。正極芯体から12.5mm×63mmの試験片に切り出し、島津製作所製の精密万能試験機 AG-I/50N-10kNを用いて引張試験に供した。試験条件は、JIS C5016-1994に準拠した。取得したSSカーブから正極芯体の0.2%耐力及び破断伸び率を特定したところ、それぞれ152N/mm2、3%であった。
負極芯体として、0.2%耐力が141N/mm2、破断伸び率が4%である厚さ8μmの銅箔を用いた。負極芯体の0.2%耐力及び破断伸び率は、正極芯体の場合と同じ上記引張試験により求めた。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)と、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)とを、3:3:4の体積比(25℃)で混合した混合溶媒に、LiPF6を1mol/Lの濃度で溶解して、非水電解液を調製した。
作製した正極及び負極を、セパレータを介して渦巻き状に巻回し、巻き止めテープを貼付して巻回型の電極体を作製した。このとき、負極リードが電極体の外周側に位置するように負極を巻回した。セパレータには、ポリエチレン製の微多孔膜の片面にポリアミドとアルミナのフィラーを含む耐熱層が形成されたものを用いた。外径21mm、高さ70mmの有底円筒形状の外装缶に電極体を収容し、調製した非水電解液を注入した後、外装缶の開口部をガスケット及び封口体により封口して非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
正極芯体として、厚さ15μmのアルミニウム合金箔を用いた。合金箔の熱処理を実施例1の場合よりも高温にして、0.2%耐力を41N/mm2に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして正極芯体を準備し、正極及び非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
各電池を0.5Cの定電流で電池電圧が4.2Vになるまで充電し、その後、4.2Vの定電圧で充電電流が0.05Cになるまで定電圧充電を行った。次いで、0.5Cの定電流で電池電圧が3.0Vになるまで放電を行った。この充放電を1サイクルとして、500サイクルの充放電を行った。
上記充放電の1サイクル目、200サイクル目、500サイクル目において、島津製作所製のinspeXio SMX-255CT FPD HRを用いて各電池のX線CT撮影を行った。Media Cybernetics社製画像解析ソフトImage-Pro Analyserを用いて、各電池のX線CT画像から、1サイクル目の極板の長さを基準として200サイクル及び500サイクル後における極板の伸び率を計測した。
Claims (2)
- 正極芯体と、前記正極芯体上に設けられた正極合剤層とを有する正極と、
負極芯体と、前記負極芯体上に設けられた負極合剤層とを有する負極と、
を備えた非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極芯体の0.2%耐力が、前記負極芯体の0.2%耐力より大きい、非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記正極芯体の0.2%耐力は、前記負極芯体の0.2%耐力の1.05倍以上である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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US18/273,911 US20240297293A1 (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-02-02 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
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US20240297293A1 (en) | 2024-09-05 |
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