WO2013005472A1 - Dispositif d'activation de moteur, dispositif de commande de ventilateur et dispositif de pompe à chaleur utilisant ces dispositifs - Google Patents

Dispositif d'activation de moteur, dispositif de commande de ventilateur et dispositif de pompe à chaleur utilisant ces dispositifs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013005472A1
WO2013005472A1 PCT/JP2012/061600 JP2012061600W WO2013005472A1 WO 2013005472 A1 WO2013005472 A1 WO 2013005472A1 JP 2012061600 W JP2012061600 W JP 2012061600W WO 2013005472 A1 WO2013005472 A1 WO 2013005472A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
inverter
drive device
rotational speed
motor drive
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2012/061600
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
俊彰 佐藤
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ダイキン工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2013005472A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013005472A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motor drive device.
  • the indoor unit of the heat pump air conditioner is equipped with an indoor fan and an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air by blowing air from the indoor fan, and serves as a drive source for the indoor fan.
  • Brushless DC motors that can be driven with high efficiency are widely used.
  • a so-called rotor position sensorless method has been applied as a drive method, in which a motor drive device can be configured at a lower cost by estimating the rotor position in the drive circuit instead of removing a position sensor such as a Hall IC from the motor. Often done.
  • the indoor fan may rotate due to inertia even after the motor has stopped operating.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-137106 detects the rotational speed and phase of a fan from a motor terminal voltage, and uses them. Start up according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-137106
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a motor drive capable of starting a motor without causing an abnormality such as an overvoltage or an overcurrent to the inverter when the motor is restarted from a state of being rotated by inertia even after the operation is stopped. To provide an apparatus.
  • a motor driving device is a motor driving device that controls power supplied to a motor to drive and stop the motor, and includes a power supply unit, an inverter, and a control unit. Yes.
  • the inverter converts the power supplied from the power supply unit into drive power for driving the motor.
  • the control unit controls the inverter. Furthermore, when stopping the motor, the control unit stops the inverter after reducing the rotational speed of the motor to a predetermined rotational speed.
  • the rotation speed when the motor is restarted by stopping the inverter after reducing the rotation speed of the motor to the predetermined rotation speed is less than the predetermined rotation speed.
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to the first aspect, wherein the motor is a brushless DC motor.
  • the brushless DC motor has a longer time to continue to rotate due to the inertia of the rotated body than the brush motor, and therefore has many opportunities to be restarted while rotating by the inertia. Therefore, there is a high possibility that a boosting operation is performed when the motor is restarted and an overvoltage is applied to the inverter, an overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor steps out.
  • a circuit for detecting the rotor position when the inverter is stopped is required, which increases the circuit cost and increases the magnet. Due to the presence of induced voltage, the induced voltage is high when the inverter is rotating in a stopped state, and overvoltage is applied to the inverter when the motor is restarted, or overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor steps out. There is a high possibility of doing. However, when the motor driving device according to the first aspect of the present invention is applied to the brushless DC motor, the possibility of the above-described problem is reduced, and safe and stable restart can be performed.
  • a motor driving device is the motor driving device according to the second aspect, and the control unit drives the motor by rotor position sensorless control after starting the motor. Since the motor is driven by rotor position sensorless control, the rotor position cannot be estimated after the inverter is stopped. Therefore, especially when assuming that the motor is restarted from a high rotation state immediately after the inverter is stopped, it is necessary to drive the inverter according to the rotor position and the rotational speed when the motor is restarted. In order to perform stable restart because overvoltage is applied, overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor is likely to step out, the rotor position when the inverter is stopped is detected or estimated.
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to the third aspect, wherein the control unit receives an operation command in the middle of reducing the rotational speed of the motor to a predetermined rotational speed.
  • the rotor position sensorless control is continued.
  • the rotor position sensorless control can be continued from the time when the operation command is received, and the above-mentioned problems do not occur. Needless to say, stable driving can be continued without causing discontinuous operation or abnormal noise during restart.
  • a motor driving device is the motor driving device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the control unit receives an operation command after stopping the inverter.
  • a starting operation for driving the motor by outputting a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency irrespective of the rotor position of the motor is performed.
  • a motor driving device is the motor driving device according to the fifth aspect, wherein the controller fixes the rotor position of the motor when receiving an operation command after stopping the inverter. After performing the above, a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency are output.
  • a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency are output.
  • the rotor position fixing operation is performed in a high rotation state, an overvoltage or overcurrent of the inverter may occur due to a large braking torque.
  • the rotor fixing operation is performed from a low rotation state. Therefore, there is no fear that such a problem will occur.
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of the third to sixth aspects, wherein the predetermined rotational speed is activated when the motor is activated by rotor position sensorless control.
  • the rotation speed does not cause overvoltage and / or overcurrent to the inverter and / or motor step-out.
  • the rotor position sensorless control cannot estimate the rotation speed before startup, so that the inverter does not cause overvoltage and / or overcurrent and / or motor step-out. It is preferable to restart when it becomes.
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the control unit is at least one of an inverter, a motor, and a motor load.
  • the control unit is at least one of an inverter, a motor, and a motor load.
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to the eighth aspect, wherein the control unit causes a current generated when a counter electromotive force is generated in the motor winding to flow back to the winding.
  • a reflux operation is performed.
  • this motor drive device when the motor drive operation is stopped, a counter electromotive force is generated in the winding of the motor.
  • current generated by the counter electromotive force flows through the return circuit and is consumed. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation where an overvoltage is applied to the inverter or an overcurrent flows through the inverter, and the motor can be stopped quickly.
  • This operation is particularly useful when the motor or the motor load is abnormal or when an overvoltage occurs in the inverter, because the motor can be stopped quickly without generating a further overvoltage condition. .
  • a motor drive device is the motor drive device according to the eighth aspect, wherein braking is performed by causing a current to flow through the winding of the motor so that a force for braking the motor is generated when the motor driving operation is stopped.
  • a circuit is further provided.
  • this motor drive device when the motor drive operation is stopped, a current for braking the motor flows through the winding of the motor, and the motor is quickly stopped. If such an operation is performed, there is no regenerative operation when the motor is stopped, and a situation in which an overvoltage is applied to the inverter is avoided. Therefore, this operation is useful when an abnormality occurs in the motor or the motor load, or when an overvoltage or overcurrent occurs in the inverter.
  • the motor drive device is the motor drive device according to the eighth aspect, and stops the inverter when the motor drive operation is stopped. Specifically, all the switching elements constituting the inverter are turned off. This operation is performed when the inverter is in an abnormal state (for example, when a short-circuit failure occurs), and in an abnormal state (for example, a short-circuit state). This is useful because there is a possibility that it can be avoided.
  • a fan control device controls a motor that rotates a fan by the motor driving device according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects. Since the fan rotates the motor due to its inertia even after the operation is stopped, if the motor is restarted before it stops completely, an overvoltage is applied to the inverter, an overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor There is a high possibility of stepping out.
  • this fan control device when the motor drive device reduces the motor rotation speed to a predetermined rotation speed and then stops the inverter, the rotation speed when the motor is restarted is less than the predetermined rotation speed. Therefore, compared with the case of restarting a motor that is rotating at the same rotational speed as before the stop or the state in which the rotational speed does not decrease so much, the possibility of the above problems occurring is low, safe and A stable restart can be performed.
  • a fan has a large moment of inertia, and it takes a long time to decelerate after stopping the inverter in a high rotation state. By decelerating while maintaining the control state, it is possible to stop the fan motor without changing the actual movement and without boosting operation exceeding the voltage rating of the inverter. It is possible to realize a stable restart operation when the operation command is input again.
  • An air conditioner according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is a heat pump type air conditioner that controls an indoor unit having an indoor fan and a motor that rotates the indoor fan.
  • a motor driving device according to the above. Since the indoor fan rotates the motor due to its inertia even after the operation is stopped, if the motor is restarted before it completely stops, an overvoltage is applied to the inverter, or an overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor Is likely to step out.
  • the motor drive device reduces the motor rotation speed to a predetermined rotation speed and then stops the inverter, whereby the rotation speed when the motor is restarted is equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed. Therefore, compared with the case of restarting a motor that is rotating at the same rotational speed as before the stop or the state in which the rotational speed does not decrease so much, the possibility of the above problems occurring is low, safe and A stable restart can be performed.
  • restarting during deceleration can be performed quickly. The operation according to the user's request can be realized. Furthermore, even if a stop operation is mistakenly performed due to an erroneous operation, and a situation occurs in which a driving operation is immediately performed again, it is possible to promptly and stably restart / continue the operation. Operation can be performed.
  • An air conditioner according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner according to the thirteenth aspect, wherein the motor drive device rotates when an abnormality occurs in any of the refrigerant control systems in the air conditioner.
  • the motor driving operation is stopped without reducing the number to a predetermined rotational speed.
  • the operation of the refrigerant control system is continued if the motor is continuously driven until the motor is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed. Since parts may be damaged, damage is prevented by quickly stopping the motor drive operation.
  • the rotation speed when the motor is restarted becomes equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed by stopping the inverter after reducing the rotation speed of the motor to the predetermined rotation speed.
  • Problems such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and step-out compared to restarting a motor that is rotating with the same number of revolutions as before the number of revolutions or the number of revolutions has not decreased so much. Is unlikely to occur, and safe and stable restart can be performed.
  • the possibility that an overvoltage is applied to the inverter, an overcurrent flows through the inverter, or the motor steps out is reduced. Safe and stable restart can be performed.
  • an overvoltage is applied to the inverter or an overcurrent flows through the inverter without adding a rotor position detection circuit or rotor position estimation control while the inverter is stopped. Or possibility that the problem that a motor will step out will generate
  • the motor drive device since the rotor position estimation is continued until the inverter stops, the rotor position sensorless control can be continued, and the above-described problems do not occur. Needless to say, stable driving can be continued without causing discontinuous operation or abnormal noise during restart.
  • the motor drive device since the rotational speed at the time of start-up is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed, the motor is driven by outputting a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency regardless of the rotor position of the motor.
  • the inverter when the inverter is stopped, when the motor rotation speed is started by the rotor position sensorless control, the inverter is overvoltage and / or overcurrent and / or motor step-out. By reducing the rotation speed to a value that does not cause the rotation, the rotation speed at the time of restarting does not exceed that, so that the above-described problems do not occur.
  • the inverter and the motor when the inverter and the motor are abnormal, the inverter and the motor may be damaged if the motor is continuously driven until the motor is reduced to the predetermined rotation speed. Damage is prevented by quickly stopping the motor drive operation.
  • the motor drive device when the motor drive operation is stopped, a counter electromotive force is generated in the winding of the motor. However, by causing the return operation, the current generated by the counter electromotive force is returned. Since it is consumed by flowing in the circuit, it is possible to avoid a situation where an overvoltage is applied to the inverter or an overcurrent flows to the inverter, and the motor can be stopped quickly.
  • the motor drive device when the motor drive operation is stopped, a current for braking the motor flows through the winding of the motor, and the motor is quickly stopped.
  • an abnormal state for example, a short-circuit state
  • the inverter in an abnormal state (for example, a short-circuit failure).
  • the fan control device when the motor drive device reduces the motor rotation speed to a predetermined rotation speed and then stops the inverter, the rotation speed when the motor is restarted is the predetermined rotation speed.
  • the rotation speed when the motor is restarted is the predetermined rotation speed. Since it is as follows, it is possible to perform a safe and stable restart compared to restarting a motor that is rotating at the same rotational speed as before the stop or a state where the rotational speed does not decrease so much. it can.
  • the air conditioner according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention when an abnormality occurs in any of the refrigerant control systems in the air conditioner, damage to the refrigerant system components can be prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a system in which a motor drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention is employed and an internal configuration of the motor drive device.
  • the block diagram of the sensorless control circuit as an example.
  • the graph which shows the change of the rotation speed of a fan motor after a microcomputer receives the stop command of a fan motor until it stops an inverter.
  • the flowchart which shows the operation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a system 100 in which a motor drive device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is employed and an internal configuration of the motor drive device 20.
  • a fan motor 51 is a brushless DC motor for driving an indoor fan 15 mounted on the indoor unit 10 (see FIG. 2) of the air conditioner 1.
  • the motor drive device 20 is also mounted in the indoor unit 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the indoor unit 10 of the air conditioner 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a system 100 in which a motor drive device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is employed and an internal configuration of the motor drive device 20.
  • a fan motor 51 is a brushless DC motor for driving an indoor fan 15 mounted on the indoor unit 10 (see FIG. 2) of the air conditioner 1.
  • the motor drive device 20 is also mounted in the indoor unit 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the indoor unit 10 of the air conditioner 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a system
  • the indoor unit 10 is an indoor unit of a heat pump air conditioner, and includes an indoor heat exchanger 14 and an indoor fan 15.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 14 is connected to the outdoor unit 3 by the refrigerant pipe 5 to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigeration cycle and the control device that controls their operation constitute a refrigerant control system.
  • the indoor fan 15 is a cross-flow fan, and performs heat exchange by sucking room air from the suction port of the indoor unit 10 by rotation and blowing it to the indoor heat exchanger 14.
  • Fan motor 51 The fan motor 51 is a three-phase brushless DC motor, and includes a stator 52 and a rotor 53.
  • the stator 52 includes U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase drive coils Lu, Lv, and Lw that are star-connected. One ends of the drive coils Lu, Lv, and Lw are connected to drive coil terminals TU, TV, and TW of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase wirings extending from the inverter 25, respectively.
  • the other ends of the drive coils Lu, Lv, and Lw are connected to each other as a terminal TN. These three-phase drive coils Lu, Lv, and Lw generate an induced voltage according to the rotational speed and the position of the rotor 53 as the rotor 53 rotates.
  • the rotor 53 includes a plurality of permanent magnets including N poles and S poles, and rotates about the rotation axis with respect to the stator 52.
  • the rotation of the rotor 53 is output to the indoor fan 15 via an output shaft (not shown) that is on the same axis as the rotation shaft.
  • the motor drive device 20 includes a power supply unit configured as a DC power source by a commercial power source 91, a rectifying unit 21 and a smoothing capacitor 22, and a voltage detection unit 23.
  • the current detector 24, the inverter 25, the gate drive circuit 26, the sensorless control circuit 29, and the microcomputer 30 are provided. These are mounted on, for example, one printed board.
  • the rectifying unit 21 is configured in a bridge shape by four diodes D1a, D1b, D2a, and D2b. Specifically, the diodes D1a and D1b and D2a and D2b are respectively connected in series. The cathode terminals of the diodes D1a and D2a are both connected to the plus side terminal of the smoothing capacitor 22 and function as the positive side output terminal of the rectifying unit 21. The anode terminals of the diodes D1b and D2b are both connected to the negative side terminal of the smoothing capacitor 22 and function as the negative side output terminal of the rectifying unit 21.
  • a connection point between the diode D1a and the diode D1b is connected to one pole of the commercial power supply 91.
  • a connection point between the diode D2a and the diode D2b is connected to the other pole of the commercial power supply 91.
  • the rectifying unit 21 rectifies the AC voltage output from the commercial power supply 91 to generate a DC power supply, and supplies this to the smoothing capacitor 22.
  • (2-2) Smoothing capacitor 22 The smoothing capacitor 22 has one end connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifying unit 21 and the other end connected to the negative output terminal of the rectifying unit 21.
  • the smoothing capacitor 22 smoothes the voltage rectified by the rectifying unit 21.
  • the voltage after smoothing by the smoothing capacitor 22 is referred to as “smoothed voltage Vfl”.
  • the smoothed voltage Vfl is applied to the inverter 25 connected to the output side of the smoothing capacitor 22.
  • the commercial power supply 91, the rectifying unit 21, and the smoothing capacitor 22 constitute a power supply unit for the inverter 25.
  • the voltage detector 23 is connected to the output side of the smoothing capacitor 22 and detects the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 22, that is, the value of the smoothed voltage Vfl.
  • the voltage detector 23 is configured, for example, such that two resistors connected in series with each other are connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor 22 and the smoothed voltage Vfl is divided. The voltage value at the connection point between the two resistors is input to the sensorless control circuit 29.
  • the current detection unit 24 is connected between the smoothing capacitor 22 and the inverter 25 and connected to the negative output terminal side of the smoothing capacitor 22.
  • the current detection unit 24 detects the motor current Im flowing through the fan motor 51 after the start of the fan motor 51 as a total value of currents for three phases.
  • the current detection unit 24 may be configured by, for example, an amplifier circuit using a shunt resistor and an operational amplifier that amplifies the voltage across the resistor.
  • the motor current detected by the current detection unit 24 is input to the sensorless control circuit 29.
  • (2-5) Inverter 25 The inverter 25 is connected to the output side of the smoothing capacitor 22.
  • an inverter 25 includes a plurality of IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors, hereinafter simply referred to as transistors) Q3a, Q3b, Q4a, Q4b, Q5a, Q5b and a plurality of free-wheeling diodes D3a, D3b, D4a, D4b, D5a. , D5b.
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • the transistors Q3a and Q3b, Q4a and Q4b, and Q5a and Q5b are connected in series with each other.
  • the diodes D3a to D5b are connected to the transistors Q3a to Q5b, the collector terminal of the transistor and the cathode terminal of the diode, The transistors are connected in parallel so that the emitter terminal of the transistor and the anode terminal of the diode are connected.
  • the inverter 25 is applied with the smoothed voltage Vfl from the smoothing capacitor 22 and the transistors Q3a to Q5b are turned on and off at the timing instructed by the gate drive circuit 26, thereby driving the fan motor 51.
  • SU, SV, SW are generated.
  • the drive voltages SU, SV, SW are output to the fan motor 51 from the connection points NU, NV, NW of the transistors Q3a and Q3b, Q4a and Q4b, and Q5a and Q5b.
  • Gate drive circuit 26 The gate drive circuit 26 changes the on / off states of the transistors Q3a to Q5b of the inverter 25 based on the command Vpwm from the sensorless control circuit 29.
  • the gate drive circuit 26 is configured so that the pulsed drive voltages SU, SV, SW having a duty determined by the sensorless control circuit 29 are output from the inverter 25 to the fan motor 51.
  • Gate control voltages Gu, Gx, Gv, Gy, Gw, Gz to be applied to the gate of Q5b are generated.
  • the generated gate control voltages Gu, Gx, Gv, Gy, Gw, Gz are applied to the gate terminals of the respective transistors Q3a to Q5b.
  • the inverter 25 of this embodiment is a voltage source inverter, it is not limited to it, A matrix converter and a current source inverter may be sufficient.
  • Sensorless control circuit 29 The sensorless control circuit 29 is connected to the voltage detection unit 23, the current detection unit 24, the gate drive circuit 26, and the microcomputer 30.
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 is a circuit that drives the fan motor 51 in a rotor position sensorless system based on an operation command including the rotation speed command Vfg sent from the microcomputer 30.
  • the rotor position sensorless system is a predetermined mathematical model related to various parameters indicating the characteristics of the fan motor 51, the detection result of the voltage detection unit 23 after the fan motor 51 is started, the detection result of the current detection unit 24, and the control of the fan motor 51.
  • Examples of various parameters indicating the characteristics of the fan motor 51 include the winding resistance, inductance component, induced voltage, and number of poles of the fan motor 51 used.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a sensorless control circuit as an example.
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 is mainly configured by a motor model calculation unit 29a, a rotor position estimation unit 29b, an operating rotation speed estimation unit 29c, an LPF 29d, a rotation speed control unit 29e, and a current control unit 29f.
  • the motor model calculation unit 29a calculates the ideal value of the motor current from the command voltage Vpwm to the fan motor 51, the estimated rotor position, and the estimated rotation speed, using various parameters indicating the characteristics of the fan motor 51 as a motor model. To do.
  • the rotor position estimator 29b estimates the current rotor position using the result obtained by subtracting the ideal value from the motor current Im actually detected by the current detector 24 as an input.
  • the operating speed estimation unit 29c estimates the current rotational speed of the fan motor 51 using the estimated rotor position.
  • the estimation results in the respective estimation units 29b and 29c are corrected so that the difference between the ideal value of the motor current and the actual motor current Im is “0”, and the motor model is corrected.
  • the LPF 29d removes noise components and harmonic components from the estimated rotation speed.
  • the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 output from the LPF 29d becomes a desired rotation speed signal FG by the waveform shaping section 29g and is output to the microcomputer 30.
  • the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 output from the LPF 29d is subtracted from the rotation speed command Vfg included in the operation command sent from the microcomputer 30.
  • the rotation speed control unit 29e When the result of the subtraction process is input, the rotation speed control unit 29e performs PI control on the rotation speed.
  • Current control is performed on the basis of the voltage detected by the unit 23, and a command voltage Vpwm that is a current based on these commands is generated.
  • the command voltage Vpwm including the duty of the drive voltages SU, SV, SW is generated and input to the gate drive circuit 26.
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 having such a configuration estimates the rotor position only when the inverter 25 is controlled by the microcomputer 30 and the gate drive circuit 26.
  • the inverter 25 is being controlled, the fan motor 51 is started by a start command and is being driven.
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 cannot estimate the rotation speed or rotor position of the fan motor 51 before the fan motor 51 is started. This is because, as described above, in the rotor position sensorless system, the motor current and the command voltage are used for estimating the rotation speed and the rotor position, and therefore the rotor position cannot be estimated in the fan motor 51 before starting. It is. (2-8) Microcomputer 30 The microcomputer 30 is connected to the sensorless control circuit 29.
  • the microcomputer 30 is also connected to a system control unit (not shown) that controls each device of the air conditioner 1 in an integrated manner, and drives the fan motor 51 according to whether there is an abnormality in each device. To control. Therefore, the microcomputer 30 functions as a control unit.
  • the microcomputer 30 is always supplied with power different from that of the inverter 25 regardless of the driving state of the fan motor 51. Further, since the indoor fan 15 rotates the fan motor 51 by its inertia even after the operation is stopped, there are many opportunities to restart the fan motor 51 before it completely stops, and as described above, the rotor position In the sensorless method, since the rotor position of the fan motor 51 before starting cannot be estimated, for example, when the fan motor 51 is restarted immediately after the inverter 25 is stopped, the inverter 25 performs a boosting operation and an overvoltage is applied. There is a high possibility that an overcurrent will flow through the inverter or the fan motor 51 will step out. Therefore, when the operation of the fan motor 51 is stopped, the microcomputer 30 controls the inverter 25 to stop after the rotation speed is reduced to a predetermined rotation speed.
  • the microcomputer 30 When the microcomputer 30 receives an operation command after stopping the inverter 25, the microcomputer 30 outputs a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency to drive the fan motor 51 regardless of the rotor position of the fan motor 51. Is doing. Since the rotational speed at the time of startup is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed that does not cause overvoltage and / or overcurrent to the inverter 25 and / or step-out of the fan motor 51 when the fan motor 51 is started, Even if the above startup is performed, the startup operation can be performed stably.
  • the inverter 25 when the inverter 25 is in an abnormal state (for example, when there is a short circuit failure), there is a possibility that an abnormal state (for example, a short circuit state) can be avoided.
  • an abnormal state for example, a short circuit state
  • the short-circuit state is avoided by turning off all the drive signals of the switching elements.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 from when the microcomputer 30 receives a stop command for the fan motor 51 until the inverter 25 is stopped.
  • the rotational speed is gradually increased from a target rotational speed 1 to a predetermined rotational speed to the sensorless control circuit 29 before receiving the stop command.
  • a rotational speed command is issued to reduce the speed.
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 Based on the rotational speed command, the sensorless control circuit 29 performs the motor driving operation while maintaining the waveform output to the gate driving circuit 26 on until the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 reaches the predetermined rotational speed. When the number is reached, the waveform output to the gate drive circuit 26 is turned off.
  • FIG. 1 and 4 when the microcomputer 30 receives a command to stop operation, the rotational speed is gradually increased from a target rotational speed 1 to a predetermined rotational speed to the sensorless control circuit 29 before receiving the stop command.
  • a rotational speed command is issued to reduce the speed.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 when the microcomputer 30 receives the operation command again after receiving the stop command for the fan motor 51 and before stopping the inverter 25. 1, 4, and 5, the microcomputer 30 outputs a waveform output to the gate drive circuit 26 until the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 reaches a predetermined rotational speed even after receiving a stop command for the fan motor 51. Since the inverter 25 is not stopped and the inverter 25 is not stopped, when the operation command is received again before the inverter 25 is stopped, the rotor position of the fan motor 51 can be estimated by the rotor position sensorless method. The rotational speed command is made closer to the new target rotational speed 2 by acceleration, and the rotational speed command is kept constant after reaching the target rotational speed 2.
  • the brushless DC motor employed for the fan motor 51 has a longer time to continue to rotate due to the inertia of the rotated body than the brush motor, so there are many opportunities to be restarted while rotating by the inertia. Also, compared to an induction motor, it is necessary to detect the rotor position and output a waveform corresponding to the rotor position. Therefore, a circuit for detecting the rotor position when the inverter is stopped is necessary, and an induced voltage due to the magnet exists. The induced voltage when rotating with the inverter stopped is high. Further, since the fan motor 51 is driven by the rotor position sensorless control, the rotor position cannot be estimated after the inverter 25 is stopped.
  • the rotation speed when the fan motor 51 is restarted is reduced to a predetermined rotation speed or less by stopping the inverter 25 after the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 is reduced to the predetermined rotation speed. Therefore, compared with a case where the fan motor 51 that is rotating in a state where the rotation speed before the stop or the rotation speed has not decreased so much is restarted, the overvoltage, overcurrent, Or the possibility that troubles such as step-out of the fan motor 51 will occur is low, and safe and stable restart can be performed. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a rotor position detection circuit or rotor position estimation control while the inverter is stopped. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the rotor position of the fan motor 51 can be estimated by the rotor position sensorless method, and the above-described problems are solved.
  • stable driving can be continued without causing discontinuous operation or abnormal noise during restart.
  • FIG. 6 is a control flow diagram illustrating an example of an operation performed by the motor drive device 20.
  • the operation of the motor drive device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6.
  • Steps S1, S4 and S6 When the microcomputer 30 has acquired the operation command for the indoor fan 15 (Yes in step S1), it issues a rotation speed command (step S4).
  • the sensorless control circuit 29 outputs a waveform to the gate drive circuit based on the rotational speed command from the microcomputer 30 and controls the waveform output state (step S6).
  • Steps S1 to S3 When the microcomputer 30 has not acquired the operation command for the indoor fan 15 or has stopped acquiring it (No in Step S1), whether or not the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 is equal to or lower than the predetermined rotational speed. Is determined (step S2). If the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 is equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed (Yes in step S2), the microcomputer 30 turns off the waveform output to the gate drive circuit 26 via the sensorless control circuit 29 (step S3). In this case, the drive voltage SU, SV, SW is not output from the inverter 25 to the fan motor 51.
  • Steps S2, S5, and S6 When the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 is greater than the predetermined rotational speed in Step S2 (No in Step S2), specifically, deceleration to the predetermined rotational speed after the operation command is lost.
  • the microcomputer 30 issues a rotation speed reduction command (step S5), and the sensorless control circuit 29 continues to output the waveform to the gate drive circuit based on the rotation speed reduction command from the microcomputer 30, and the waveform thereof.
  • the output state is controlled (step S6).
  • (4) Features (4-1) In the motor drive device 20, when the microcomputer 30 stops the fan motor 51 that drives the indoor fan 15, the microcomputer 30 stops the inverter 25 after reducing the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 to a predetermined rotational speed.
  • the fan motor 51 is a brushless DC motor, and is driven by rotor position sensorless control after startup.
  • this motor drive device 20 by reducing the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 to a predetermined rotation speed and then stopping the inverter 25, the rotation speed when the fan motor 51 is restarted becomes equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed. Therefore, the problem as described above may occur as compared with the case where the fan motor 51 that is rotating in a state where the rotation speed before the stop or the rotation speed has not decreased so much is restarted. Therefore, safe and stable restart can be performed.
  • the microcomputer 30 does not reduce the rotational speed of the fan motor 51 to a predetermined rotational speed when an abnormality occurs in at least one of the inverter 25, the fan motor 51, or the load of the fan motor 51. Stop motor drive operation. This is because if the fan motor 51 is continuously driven until it is reduced to the predetermined number of revolutions, the loads of the inverter 25, the fan motor 51, and the fan motor 51 may be damaged. Therefore, damage is prevented by quickly stopping the motor drive operation.
  • Modification (5-1) First Modification In the above embodiment, since the rotation speed of the fan motor 51 after the inverter 25 is stopped is equal to or lower than the predetermined rotation speed, the restart is performed safely. Ideally, it is preferable to restart the fan motor 51 from a stopped state.
  • the microcomputer 30 when the microcomputer 30 receives an operation command after stopping the inverter 25, the microcomputer 30 performs an operation of fixing the rotor position of the fan motor 51, and then a predetermined voltage. And a predetermined frequency.
  • the rotor position fixing operation is performed in the high rotation state, an overvoltage or overcurrent of the inverter 25 may occur due to a large braking torque.
  • the rotor fixing operation is performed from the low rotation state, There is no risk of such problems.
  • the microcomputer 30 returns the current generated when the counter electromotive force is generated in the winding of the fan motor 51 to the winding.
  • the reflux operation is performed. Specifically, in FIG. 1, by turning on the lower arm IGBTs Q3b, Q4b, and Q5b, the current generated by the back electromotive force flows through either the lower arm IGBT or the freewheeling diodes D3b, D4b, and D5b. Rotational energy is consumed by returning to and from the motor. As a result, a situation where an overvoltage is applied to the inverter 25 or an overcurrent flows through the inverter 25 is avoided, and the fan motor 51 can be stopped quickly.
  • the fan motor 51 when an abnormality occurs in the fan motor 51 or the load of the fan motor 51, or when an overvoltage is generated in the inverter 25, the fan motor 51 can be quickly stopped without generating a further overvoltage state. It is particularly useful because it can.
  • the motor driving device 20 preferably further includes a braking circuit for the fan motor 51.
  • the braking circuit is a circuit that causes a current to flow through the winding of the motor so that a force for braking the fan motor 51 is generated when the inverter 25 is stopped.
  • a brake circuit in the DC section or by providing a brake circuit that short-circuits the windings, a current for braking the fan motor 51 flows, and the fan motor 51 stops immediately.
  • This operation is useful when an abnormality occurs in the fan motor 51 or the load of the fan motor 51, or when an overvoltage or overcurrent occurs in the inverter 25.
  • a motor whose rotor position before starting is not estimated can be started without causing abnormalities such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and step-out to the inverter.
  • This is useful for motors that are later driven by rotor position sensorless control.
  • a motor that is relatively less susceptible to the influence of an external force is particularly useful because it extends the range in which a safe and stable restart can be performed without providing a rotation state detection circuit before the start.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning Room Units, And Self-Contained Units In General (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'activation de moteur qui est apte à activer un moteur sans entraîner une anomalie telle que l'application d'une surtension ou d'une surintensité à un onduleur au moment de la réactivation du moteur à partir d'un état dans lequel le moteur est encore en rotation après sa désactivation sous l'effet de l'inertie. Lorsqu'on arrête un moteur de ventilateur (51) qui entraîne un ventilateur intérieur (15), un microordinateur (30) du dispositif d'activation de moteur (20) arrête un onduleur (25) après avoir réduit le nombre de tours du moteur de ventilateur (51) à un nombre de tours prédéterminé. Le moteur (51) du ventilateur est un moteur à courant continu sans balai qui est activé au moyen d'une commande de position du moteur sans capteur une fois que le moteur du ventilateur a été activé. Etant donné que l'onduleur (25) est arrêté après que le nombre de tours du moteur (51) du ventilateur a été réduit à un nombre de tours prédéterminé, le nombre de tours du moteur au moment de la réactivation est égal ou inférieur au nombre de tours prédéterminé.
PCT/JP2012/061600 2011-07-01 2012-05-02 Dispositif d'activation de moteur, dispositif de commande de ventilateur et dispositif de pompe à chaleur utilisant ces dispositifs WO2013005472A1 (fr)

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JP2011-147705 2011-07-01
JP2011147705A JP5539928B2 (ja) 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 モータ駆動装置、それを用いたファン制御装置およびヒートポンプ装置

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EP3065288A4 (fr) * 2013-10-28 2017-09-27 Jaguar Precision Industry CO., LTD Appareil de commande pour moteur à courant continu à fréquence variable

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JP6081274B2 (ja) * 2013-04-05 2017-02-15 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 洗濯機のモータ制御装置及びモータ制御装置の保護方法
JP6096089B2 (ja) * 2013-09-20 2017-03-15 ミネベアミツミ株式会社 モータ駆動制御装置及びモータ駆動制御装置の制御方法
WO2019124140A1 (fr) 2017-12-18 2019-06-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique
FR3081269B1 (fr) * 2018-05-17 2020-05-22 Sonceboz Automotive Sa Ensemble mecatronique pour l'entrainement ou le positionnement d'un organe exterieur
JP6711385B2 (ja) 2018-10-16 2020-06-17 ダイキン工業株式会社 電源回路、その電源回路を備えたモータ駆動回路、及び、その電源回路又はそのモータ駆動回路を備えた冷凍装置
JP7088043B2 (ja) * 2019-01-21 2022-06-21 株式会社デンソー モータ制御装置
JP7192643B2 (ja) * 2019-04-24 2022-12-20 株式会社デンソー ブラシレスモータの制御装置及びプログラム
JP6954413B1 (ja) 2020-06-29 2021-10-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 インバータ装置

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