WO2012169600A1 - アミノ酸組成物 - Google Patents
アミノ酸組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012169600A1 WO2012169600A1 PCT/JP2012/064721 JP2012064721W WO2012169600A1 WO 2012169600 A1 WO2012169600 A1 WO 2012169600A1 JP 2012064721 W JP2012064721 W JP 2012064721W WO 2012169600 A1 WO2012169600 A1 WO 2012169600A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- amino acid
- alanine
- exercise
- proline
- blood glucose
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
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- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 119
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- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 62
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- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an amino acid composition containing a carbohydrate and an amino acid, and more specifically, an increase in blood glucose level at the initial intake of the composition is suppressed, and a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise after intake is further suppressed.
- the present invention relates to an amino acid composition used for improving exercise performance. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a blood sugar level increase inhibitor immediately after intake of carbohydrates, a blood sugar level decrease inhibitor due to prolonged exercise, and an exercise performance improver. That is, the present invention provides foods and drinks and pharmaceuticals.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports that ingestion of proline in humans suppresses an increase in blood glucose level due to ingestion of glucose.
- Non-Patent Document 2 reports that glutamine, proline, alanine, asparagine and histidine promote glycogen synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes.
- Patent Document 1 reports that a composition containing a branched chain amino acid (BCAA), arginine, and glutamine has an effect of improving hematopoiesis and nutritional status.
- BCAA branched chain amino acid
- Patent Document 1 does not describe the change in blood glucose level and the effect on exercise performance caused by ingesting other amino acids.
- the present invention provides a novel amino acid composition, particularly a food and drink, which suppresses a rapid increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion and suppresses a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise, and can improve exercise performance.
- the purpose is to provide goods and medicines.
- the present inventors have intensively studied, and when taking carbohydrates as an energy source, any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine is taken at the same time, so The present inventors have found that the blood glucose level can be prevented from rising and the blood glucose level from being lowered due to prolonged exercise. Furthermore, when you consume carbohydrates as an energy source, or when you do not consume carbohydrates and use the carbohydrates in your body as an energy source, you can consume at least one of alanine, proline, and glycine to obtain equal calories. As a result, the present inventors have found that the exercise performance is improved as compared with the case of taking only the carbohydrates of the present invention, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides the following.
- [5] The amino acid composition according to any one of [1] to [4], which contains a combination of alanine and proline and / or glycine as amino acids.
- [7] The amino acid composition according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the composition is in the form of a jelly or a liquid.
- [8] The amino acid composition according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein an increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion is suppressed as compared to when ingesting an isocaloric carbohydrate.
- An agent for suppressing a decrease in blood sugar level due to prolonged exercise comprising any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- An athletic performance improver comprising any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- a method for suppressing an increase in blood glucose level immediately after intake of a carbohydrate comprising administering a composition containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- a method for suppressing a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise comprising administering a composition containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- a method for improving exercise performance comprising administering a composition containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- the amino acid composition provided by the present invention can suppress a rapid increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion and a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise, and can improve exercise performance.
- the agent provided by the present invention can suppress an increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingesting a carbohydrate and a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise, and can improve exercise performance. Therefore, it is possible to provide an energy replenishing means useful for those who exercise (especially exercise for a long time).
- the blood glucose level change 15 minutes after oral administration of each administration liquid described in Example 1 is shown.
- the blood glucose level change after the exercise load of 90 minutes from 15 minutes after oral administration of each administration liquid described in Example 1 is shown.
- the change in blood glucose level 15 minutes after the oral administration of each administration solution described in Example 2 is shown.
- the change in blood glucose level after an exercise load for 90 minutes from 15 minutes after oral administration of each administration liquid described in Example 2 is shown.
- the blood glucose level change 15 minutes after oral administration of each administration liquid described in Example 3 is shown.
- the blood glucose level change after the exercise load of 90 minutes from 15 minutes after oral administration of each administration liquid as described in Example 3 is shown.
- running time until the fatigue poverty of Example 4 is shown.
- the integrated self-issued movement amount after loading the traveling exercise of 22 m / min of Example 5 for 90 minutes is shown.
- the travel time increase amount from the non-administration time of Example 6 is shown.
- the blood glucose level change from the blood glucose level before administration after the 60-minute running exercise load of Example 6 is shown.
- the liver glycogen content after 60 minutes running exercise load of Example 6 is shown.
- the swimming time until exhaustion of Example 7 is shown.
- the change of the blood glucose level of Example 11 is shown.
- the swimming time until exhaustion of Example 12 is shown.
- the running time to fatigue in Example 13 is shown.
- the travel time increase amount from the distilled water administration of Example 13 is shown.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention contains a saccharide and any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine as an amino acid.
- the saccharide in the present invention may be any saccharide as long as it is an energy supply source.
- the saccharide include monosaccharides (such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose), disaccharides (such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, and isomaltose), oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (such as starch, dextrin, and glycogen).
- monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose
- disaccharides such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, and isomaltose
- oligosaccharides and polysaccharides such as starch, dextrin, and glycogen.
- glucose is preferably glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, isomaltose, oligosaccharide, dextrin, or reduced dextrin. Any one saccharide may be used as the saccharide, but two or more saccharides may be used in combination.
- the alanine (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as Ala) contained in the amino acid composition of the present invention may be any of L-form, D-form and DL-form.
- the proline (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as Pro) contained in the amino acid composition of the present invention may be any of L-form, D-form and DL-form.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention may contain glycine (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as Gly).
- the amino acid contained in the amino acid composition of the present invention may be in the form of a physiologically acceptable salt.
- salt forms include salts with acids (acid addition salts), salts with bases (base addition salts), and the like.
- acids that form acid addition salts include inorganic acids such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid; and organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and monomethyl sulfuric acid. Can be mentioned.
- bases that form base addition salts include metal hydroxides or carbonates such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, or inorganic bases such as ammonia; ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, ethanolamine, monoalkylethanolamine, and dialkylethanol.
- Organic bases such as amine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine are listed.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention may be a composition containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine as an amino acid. It is known that alanine is used for gluconeogenesis in the liver and plays an important role in the supply of sugar required in vivo during prolonged exercise. On the other hand, by using proline and / or glycine in combination with alanine, a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise tends to be more suppressed than when alanine is used alone. Therefore, the amino acid composition of the present invention more preferably contains a combination of alanine and proline and / or glycine.
- the ratio of proline and / or glycine is larger than 1, browning of saccharide may occur, which is not preferable in appearance.
- the total concentration of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine in the amino acid composition of the present invention is usually 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, as solid content. More preferably, it is 5 to 20% by weight.
- the total concentration of one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine is less than 2% by weight, in order to ingest the necessary amount of the amino acid, the single intake of the composition increases, making it difficult to ingest There is a tendency to become things.
- sugar will fall when it exceeds 50 weight%, even if it takes in the required amount of the said amino acid, there exists a tendency which cannot fully replenish energy.
- the concentration as the solid content is calculated based on the total amount of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine blended in the composition, with the total solid content in the amino acid composition of the present invention being 100% by weight. . Therefore, when the amino acid composition of the present invention is liquid, jelly, etc., the concentration does not vary depending on whether or not all of the blended raw materials are dissolved.
- the “solid content” refers to a solid portion obtained by removing a volatile substance (for example, water) from a composition or the like.
- the total concentration of carbohydrates in the amino acid composition of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the type of carbohydrate used, the shape of the composition, and the like.
- the total concentration of saccharides is usually 10% to 90% by weight, preferably 30% to 90% by weight, more preferably 50% to 90% by weight, as a solid content.
- the total concentration of carbohydrates is less than 10% by weight, there is a tendency that sufficient energy supplementation is not possible even if one or more amino acids of any one of alanine, proline and glycine are ingested.
- the total concentration of the said amino acid will fall when the total concentration of carbohydrate exceeds 90 weight%, when there exists a necessary amount of carbohydrate, there exists a tendency which cannot take in the required amount of the said amino acid.
- the concentration as the solid content is calculated on the basis of the total amount of carbohydrates blended in the composition with the total solid content in the amino acid composition of the present invention as 100% by weight. Therefore, when the amino acid composition of the present invention is liquid, jelly, etc., the concentration does not vary depending on whether or not all of the blended raw materials are dissolved.
- the blending ratio of the carbohydrate and one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine can be set as appropriate within the above-mentioned concentration range.
- one or more amino acids of carbohydrate: alanine, proline and glycine 1: 0.0125-5, preferably 1: 0.025-2, more preferably 1: 0.05-1.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention may be packaged in a single dose or in a single meal intake unit.
- This form means a form in which the amount to be taken once or per meal is predetermined and packaged.
- the form in which a single intake is packaged in containers such as packs, bags, bottles, boxes, etc. is mentioned, and in the case of granules, powders, slurries, etc. Includes a form in which a single intake is individually packaged in a pack or bag.
- the composition when the composition is a health food, a functional food, a dietary supplement, a food for specified health use, etc., for example, the composition according to the present invention is packaged in the form of a single unit or ingestion unit amount per serving. And a form in which a beverage or jelly in which the composition according to the present invention is suspended or dissolved is filled in a pack or the like in a single-drinking or eating-out form.
- a total of 2.5 to 15 g, preferably 3 to 12 g, more preferably 4 to 10 g of any one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine can be included.
- the necessary amount of the amino acid can be easily ingested together with the saccharide by ingesting one time or one meal intake unit.
- the above-mentioned one-time or one-meal intake can contain 1 g to 100 g of carbohydrates in total, preferably 5 g to 80 g, more preferably 10 g to 60 g. Thereby, sufficient energy can be easily replenished by ingesting one time or one meal intake unit.
- the form of the amino acid composition of the present invention is a liquid such as a beverage, a jelly such as a jelly, a gel or a jelly-like beverage, a milk such as milk, a milk beverage or a yogurt, a gum, a powder or a granule.
- a jelly such as a jelly, a gel or a jelly-like beverage
- a milk such as milk, a milk beverage or a yogurt
- a gum a powder or a granule.
- the above-mentioned single intake can be appropriately set, but is usually 80 g or more, preferably 100 g or more, 110 g or more, 115 g or more, or 120 g or more. . If the amount taken once is less than 80 g, when a necessary amount of sugar and one or more of alanine, proline and glycine are contained, the concentration becomes high, and the taste and texture may deteriorate.
- a single intake is usually 300 g or less, preferably 250 g or less, 200 g or less, 150 g or less, or 140 g or less.
- the range of the single intake in the case of jelly or liquid is usually 80 to 300 g, preferably 100 to 250 g, 100 to 200 g, 100 to 150 g.
- the total concentration of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine in the amino acid composition of the present invention is usually 1% by weight to 10% by weight. Yes, preferably 1.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably 2 to 6% by weight.
- the total concentration of carbohydrates in the amino acid composition of the present invention is usually 10% to 70% by weight, preferably 15% to 60%. % By weight, more preferably 20% by weight to 50% by weight.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention may contain amino acids other than alanine, proline and glycine.
- Other amino acids are not particularly limited as long as they are naturally occurring amino acids other than alanine, proline and glycine.
- amino acids for example, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, serine, threonine, cysteine, glutamine, asparagine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, etc.
- Examples include amino acids.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention when the content of the other amino acids is increased, one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine can be completely dissolved when the amino acid composition of the present invention is jelly-like or liquid. It becomes difficult and cannot be provided in the form of an appropriate jelly or liquid. Therefore, the total concentration of other amino acids in the amino acid composition of the present invention is preferably 5% by weight or less as a solid content. Moreover, it is preferable not to contain other amino acids. Furthermore, the amino acid composition of the present invention preferably contains only alanine, proline and glycine, only alanine and proline, or only alanine and glycine as amino acids.
- Vitamins and minerals can also be added to the amino acid composition of the present invention.
- vitamins vitamin A such as retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, carotenoid such as ⁇ -carotene, vitamin D such as ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol, vitamin E such as ⁇ -tocopherol, vitamin K such as phylloquinone and menaquinone
- Fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B 1 such as thiamine, vitamin B 2 such as riboflavin, vitamin B 6 such as pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine, vitamin B 12 such as cyanocobalamin, niacin such as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, pantothenic acid
- water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B group such as biotin and folic acid, and vitamin C.
- minerals include common minerals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, se
- the amino acid composition of the present invention can be added with other food materials or food additives that are usually used in the production of foods and drinks, such as thickeners, suspending agents, and dispersing agents. , Sweeteners, flavoring agents, preservatives, fragrances, organic acids, gelling agents, pH adjusting agents, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- thickeners include polymers such as dextrin, sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, tragacanth powder, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- suspending agent include gum arabic, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, bentonite and the like.
- dispersant include sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate and the like.
- sweeteners include glucose, fructose, invert sugar, sorbitol, xylitol, glycerin, simple syrup and the like.
- flavoring agents include aspartame, saccharin, sodium saccharin, glycyrrhizic acid, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, diammonium glycyrrhizinate, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, disodium glycyrrhizinate, trisodium glycyrrhizinate, acesulfame potassium, mannitol, erythritol, sorbitol, Examples include xylitol, trehalose and cacao powder.
- preservatives include medium chain fatty acid monoglycerides, glycine, organic acid salts (eg, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium succinate, sodium fumarate), ethanol, and the like.
- fragrances include lemon flavor, orange flavor, grapefruit flavor, chocolate flavor, apple flavor, dl-menthol, and l-menthol.
- organic acids include citric anhydride, citric acid, dl-malic acid, tartaric acid, d-tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid and the like.
- Examples of the gelling agent include agar, carrageenan, xanthan gum, guar gum, pectin, gellan gum, locust bean gum, gum arabic, tragacanth and gelatin.
- Examples of the pH adjuster include citric acid hydrate or a salt thereof, anhydrous sodium monohydrogen phosphate, tartaric acid or a salt thereof, sodium hydroxide and the like.
- amino acid composition of the present invention can be produced by a general food production technology.
- the “isocaloric saccharide” is a saccharide having a calorie equal to the total calorie of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine as well as the saccharide contained in the amino acid composition of the present invention, It means the same kind of carbohydrate as that contained in the amino acid composition of the present invention.
- the blood glucose level can be measured by a method known per se, and an appropriate method can be selected according to the purpose.
- “Increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion” may vary depending on the subject, but for example, in healthy human adults, up to 90 minutes, preferably 60 minutes, more preferably 30 minutes after ingestion. It means an increase in blood sugar level that occurs.
- the method for evaluating the suppression of the increase in blood glucose level can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include a method for evaluating with a mouse or a human.
- the subject individual is allowed to ingest the amino acid composition of the present invention, and changes in blood glucose level (for example, 15 minutes after ingestion) before ingestion and after ingestion (for example, after a certain time after ingestion) It is a value obtained by subtracting the blood glucose level before ingestion from the blood glucose level, which is usually a positive value).
- blood glucose level for example, 15 minutes after ingestion
- after ingestion for example, after a certain time after ingestion
- It is a value obtained by subtracting the blood glucose level before ingestion from the blood glucose level, which is usually a positive value.
- ingest an isocaloric carbohydrate and examine the change in blood glucose level.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention it can be evaluated that the increase in blood glucose level is suppressed when the change in blood glucose level is lower than when ingesting an isocaloric carbohydrate.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention by ingesting the amino acid composition of the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in blood sugar level due to prolonged exercise, compared to when ingesting an isocaloric carbohydrate.
- the “isocaloric carbohydrate” is as defined above.
- a method for evaluating the suppression of blood glucose level decrease due to long-term exercise can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples include a method for evaluating by a mouse or a human. Specifically, for example, the subject individual is ingested the amino acid composition of the present invention, and exercise is started after a certain period (for example, 15 minutes) of a rest period.
- the blood glucose level is measured, and the blood glucose level change (the value obtained by subtracting the blood glucose level before intake from the blood glucose level after exercise) is examined. .
- the blood glucose level change (the value obtained by subtracting the blood glucose level before intake from the blood glucose level after exercise) is examined. .
- ingest an isocaloric carbohydrate and examine the change in blood glucose level.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention is ingested, it is evaluated that the decrease in the blood glucose level is suppressed when the blood glucose level change is maintained at a higher value than when the isocaloric carbohydrate is ingested. be able to.
- “Long-term exercise” refers to exercise for a sufficiently long time depending on the age, sex, weight, type of exercise, etc. of the subject individual. For example, in a healthy human adult, preferably 30-180 minutes, preferably The exercise is performed for 45 to 150 minutes, more preferably 60 to 120 minutes.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention has the effect of suppressing the increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion as described above and the effect of suppressing the decrease in blood glucose level due to long-term exercise after ingestion. Useful for energy supplementation before exercise.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention can improve exercise performance.
- “Exercise performance” generally refers to the ability of a subject to achieve a desired result in terms of strength, speed, endurance, accuracy, etc. in exercise.
- “exercise performance” mainly refers to the ability related to endurance.
- An improvement in exercise performance can be perceived as, for example, a longer exercise time or distance to reach fatigue as compared to a control.
- the control may be set as appropriate, but it is preferable to use a control that has taken an isocaloric carbohydrate.
- the method for evaluating exercise performance is not particularly limited, and a method known in the art, for example, a method for testing and evaluating using a treadmill or a running water pool can be used.
- an exercise load is applied to the subject and the time until the exercise cannot be continued is measured.
- the exercise intensity for example, traveling speed
- the time until the subject cannot continue the exercise is measured.
- the subject's self-issued dynamics are measured using a commercially available self-issued dynamic meter or the like, and the degree of fatigue of the subject is evaluated.
- An improvement in exercise performance can also be recognized as an improvement in physiological parameters such as heart rate.
- the amino acid composition of the present invention is useful as a composition used for improving exercise performance (for example, improving endurance).
- composition referred to in the present invention has specific functions such as health supplements, health functional foods, supplements, etc., and is a food composition similar to pharmaceuticals for the purpose of maintaining health and the like, in order to exert specific actions and effects Means food additives and medicines.
- the present invention further provides a blood sugar level increase inhibitor (hereinafter also referred to as the blood sugar level increase inhibitor of the present invention), which is characterized by containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- the agent can suppress an increase in blood glucose level immediately after intake of carbohydrates. Inhibition of an increase in blood glucose level can be examined in the same manner as in the case of the amino acid composition of the present invention by comparing with a control (for example, the same individual who has taken an isocaloric carbohydrate).
- the “isocaloric saccharide” is a saccharide having a calorie equal to the total calorie of one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine contained in the agent and the ingested saccharide. Means the same type of carbohydrate as the ingested carbohydrate.
- the saccharide may be any saccharide as long as it is an energy supply source.
- the present invention further provides a blood sugar level lowering inhibitor by prolonged exercise (hereinafter also referred to as a blood sugar level lowering inhibitor of the present invention) characterized by containing one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- the agent can suppress a decrease in blood glucose level due to prolonged exercise after carbohydrate intake. Inhibition of a decrease in blood glucose level can be examined in the same manner as in the case of the amino acid composition of the present invention by comparing with a control (for example, the same individual who has taken an isocaloric carbohydrate).
- the “isocaloric carbohydrate” is as defined above for the blood sugar level increase inhibitor of the present invention.
- the present invention further provides an athletic performance improver (hereinafter also referred to as athletic performance improver of the present invention) characterized by containing any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine.
- the agent can improve exercise performance.
- the agent is preferably taken with a carbohydrate.
- the saccharide may be any saccharide as long as it is an energy supply source.
- the improvement in exercise performance can be examined in the same manner as in the case of the amino acid composition of the present invention by comparing with a control (for example, the same individual who has taken an isocaloric carbohydrate).
- the “isocaloric carbohydrate” is as defined above for the blood sugar level increase inhibitor of the present invention.
- the agent of the present invention has specific functions such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, health supplements, health functional foods, supplements, etc. for exerting specific actions and effects, and maintains health. It can be provided as a target pharmaceutical-like food composition.
- the total amount of one or more amino acids of alanine, proline and glycine in one dose in the agent of the present invention is 2.5 to 15 g, preferably 3 to 12 g, more preferably 4 to 10 g.
- the total concentration of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine in the agent of the present invention is usually 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, more preferably as solid content. Preferably, it is 5 to 20% by weight.
- the total concentration of any one or more of alanine, proline and glycine in the agent of the present invention is usually 1% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably It is 1.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably 2 to 6% by weight.
- the agent of the present invention does not necessarily contain a saccharide, but when it contains a saccharide, its type, blending amount and the like can be appropriately determined in the same manner as the amino acid composition of the present invention.
- the agent of the present invention does not contain a carbohydrate, the timing of ingesting the carbohydrate may be simultaneous with or separate from the intake of the agent of the present invention. Also good.
- amino acids other than alanine, proline and glycine, vitamins, minerals, food materials or food additives can be appropriately added.
- the same thing as what was used by the amino acid composition of the said invention can be used.
- Example 1 A C57BL / 6J mouse (CLEA Japan) male was acclimated to running exercise by a Tohoku Pharmaceutical University rotating car (Nagasawa Riken Co., Ltd.) and then subjected to a test. On the day of the experiment, blood glucose levels of mice fasted overnight were measured by blood collection from the tail vein, then (1) dextrin 1.25 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg, DL-alanine (Ala) 0.125 g / kg.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a change from a pre-dose blood glucose level after 90 minutes exercise.
- Example 2 A C57BL / 6J mouse (CLEA Japan) male was acclimated to running exercise by a Tohoku Pharmaceutical University rotating car (Nagasawa Riken Co., Ltd.) and then subjected to a test.
- the test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the doses were (1) dextrin 3 g / kg, (2) dextrin 2 g / kg, DL-Ala 1 g / kg, (3) dextrin 2 g / kg, DL-Ala 0.5 g / kg, glycine (Gly) 0.
- FIGS. 3 shows a change from a pre-dose blood glucose level 15 minutes after administration
- FIG. 4 shows a change from a pre-dose blood glucose level after 90 minutes exercise.
- Example 3 A C57BL / 6J mouse (CLEA Japan) male was acclimated to running exercise by a Tohoku Pharmaceutical University rotating car (Nagasawa Riken Co., Ltd.) and then subjected to a test.
- the test method is the same as in Example 1.
- the doses were (1) dextrin 2 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg, DL-Ala 1 g / kg, (3) dextrin 1 g / kg, Gly 1 g / kg, (4) dextrin 1 g / kg, L- Pro 1 g / kg was orally administered (6 animals / group).
- the results of changes in blood glucose level are shown in FIGS. FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows the change from the pre-dose blood glucose level 15 minutes after administration
- FIG. 6 shows the change from the pre-dose blood glucose level after 90 minutes exercise.
- administration of a mixture of dextrin and any of Ala, Gly, and Pro amino acids suppressed the increase in blood glucose 15 minutes after administration and the decrease in blood glucose after exercise.
- the amino acid-containing composition of the present invention is useful as a blood sugar level increase suppressing action / blood sugar level maintaining action during exercise load.
- Example 4 A C57BL / 6J mouse male was acclimated to a running exercise by a treadmill (Arco system) and then subjected to a test. After the mice were fasted overnight, either (1) water, (2) glucose 1 g / kg, or L-alanine (Ala) 1 g / kg was orally administered (6 mice / group), and 15 minutes after administration The running motion by the treadmill was started at 22 m / min. The mouse was unable to escape from the electric grid and was judged to be exhausted after 5 seconds, and the running time until the mouse was exhausted was measured. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows the travel time until exhaustion.
- the group that received glucose and Ala at the same time as the energy source extended the running time, and the exercise performance was not reduced by the energy supplementation, but improved compared to the water-administered group Became clear.
- Example 5 A C57BL / 6J mouse male was acclimated to a running motion by a treadmill and then subjected to a test. After the mice were fasted overnight, (1) dextrin 2 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg and L-alanine (Ala) 1 g / kg were orally administered. From 15 minutes after administration, a running exercise of 90 minutes was applied by a treadmill at a speed of 26 m / min. After the exercise load, it was transferred to a cage, and the amount of behavior was measured for 3 hours using a self-issued dynamometer (NS-AS01: Neuroscience) (in FIG. 8, dextrin and dextrin + Ala).
- FIG. 8 shows the results of the self-issued movement amount (6-12 animals / group). Compared to the administration of water, the amount of behavior increased when dextrin, an energy source, was administered.
- Example 6 A C57BL / 6J mouse male was acclimated to a running motion by a treadmill and then subjected to a test. After the mice were fasted overnight, a running exercise was first applied for 60 minutes at a speed of 14 m / min when not administered. After 60 minutes, the speed was increased by 2 m / min every 5 minutes to 36 m / min, and the running time until fatigue was measured. One week after the measurement, after fasting overnight again, (1) dextrin 2 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg and L-alanine (Ala) 1 g / kg were orally administered (9 animals / group), when not administered A similar study was conducted.
- the running exercise load at a speed of 14 m / min was started 15 minutes after oral administration.
- the amount of increase in travel time from the non-administration time is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows changes in blood glucose level immediately before administration and after running for 60 minutes at 14 m / min
- FIG. 11 shows the amount of glycogen in the liver after running for 60 minutes at 14 m / min.
- the increase in running time from the non-administration was larger than when the dextrin and Ala were administered at the same energy (calorie) amount.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 the blood glucose level change after the same exercise load and the amount of glycogen in the liver were higher in the dextrin + Ala administration group.
- dextrin and Ala co-administration suppresses a decrease in blood glucose level due to exercise load and maintains the amount of glycogen in the liver. Furthermore, it became clear that coadministration of dextrin and Ala can withstand an increased exercise load for a long time compared to administration of dextrin alone.
- Example 7 The C57BL / 6J mouse male was acclimated to swimming exercise by the Kyoto University Matsumoto Motomoto Momentum Measuring Water Tank Ishihara modified version (Anitech) and then subjected to the test. After the mice were fasted overnight, either (1) dextrin 2 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg or L-alanine (Ala) 1 g / kg was orally administered (39 mice / group). After a minute, the swimming exercise was started at 11 m / min. The time when 7 seconds had passed since the tip of the nose of the mouse was submerged was regarded as fatigue exhaustion, and the swimming time until the mouse was exhausted was measured. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, it was revealed that the swimming time was increased by about 30% when Ala was administered at the same time as compared with the administration of dextrin alone, even though the equivalent energy (calorie) amount was orally administered.
- a jelly amino acid composition (100 g) having the following composition was produced by adding each component to ion-exchanged water, heating and dissolving, and then filling in an aluminum pouch with a stopper. 49.00 g of ion-exchanged water, 4.50 g of DL-alanine, 0.50 g of L-proline, 44.50 g of dextrin, 0.80 g of acidulant (citric acid and sodium citrate), 0.60 g of gelling agent (agar) and Fragrance 0.10g.
- Example 9 Each component was added to ion-exchanged water, heated and dissolved, and then filled into an aluminum pouch with a stopper, thereby producing a jelly amino acid composition (130 g) having the following composition. Ion-exchanged water 78.85 g (60.65 wt%), DL-alanine 4.50 g (3.46 wt%), L-proline 0.50 g (0.38 wt%), dextrin 44.50 g (34.23) % By weight), acidulant (citric acid and sodium citrate) 0.74 g (0.57% by weight), gelling agent (agar) 0.78 g (0.6% by weight) and flavoring 0.13 g (0.10) weight%).
- Ion-exchanged water 78.85 g (60.65 wt%), DL-alanine 4.50 g (3.46 wt%), L-proline 0.50 g (0.38 wt%), dextrin 44.50 g (34.23) % By weight),
- a gel amino acid composition (100 g) having the following composition was prepared by adding each component to ion-exchanged water, heating and dissolving, and filling in an aluminum pouch with a stopper.
- Ion-exchanged water 48.85 g, DL-alanine 4.50 g, L-proline 0.50 g, dextrin 44.50 g, granulated sugar 0.75 g, acidulant (citric acid and sodium citrate) 0.80 g and flavor 0.10 g .
- Example 11 A C57BL / 6J mouse (CLEA Japan) male was acclimated to running exercise by a Tohoku Pharmaceutical University rotating car (Nagasawa Riken Co., Ltd.) and then subjected to a test. On the day of the experiment, blood glucose levels of mice fasted overnight were measured by blood collection from the tail vein, then (1) dextrin 1.25 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg, DL-Ala 0.225 g / kg, L- Pro 0.025 g / kg was orally administered (18 animals / group). Each reagent was administered after being dissolved in 10 ml of water per mouse body weight (kg).
- FIG. 13 shows changes in blood glucose levels before administration, 15 minutes after administration (0 minutes after the start of exercise), and after the start of exercise. Compared to dextrin alone, the mixture of dextrin and Ala and Pro significantly suppressed the increase in blood glucose level 15 minutes after administration and the decrease in blood glucose level after 100 minutes after exercise. From these results, it was shown that the amino acid-containing composition of the present invention is useful as a blood glucose level increase suppressing action and a blood sugar level maintaining action during exercise load.
- Example 12 C57BL / 6J mice (CLEA Japan) males were acclimated to swimming exercise by the Kyoto University Matsumoto Motomoto Momentum Measuring Water Tank Ishihara modified version (Anitech) and then subjected to the test. After mice were fasted 3 hours before the start of the test, either (1) dextrin 2 g / kg, (2) dextrin 1 g / kg, DL-Ala 0.9 g / kg, or L-Pro 0.1 g / kg. Orally administered (18 animals / group), and swimming exercise was started at 11 m / min from 15 minutes after administration.
- Example 13 C57BL / 6J mice (CLEA Japan) males were acclimated to running exercise with a treadmill and then subjected to the test. After the mice were fasted overnight, distilled water was orally administered, and running exercise was applied for 60 minutes at a speed of 14 m / min from 15 minutes after the administration. After 60 minutes, the speed was increased by 2 m / min every 5 minutes to 36 m / min, the running time until exhaustion was measured, and the exercise capacity of each animal was evaluated. After 1 week, divided into 2 groups so that there is no difference in athletic ability (running time).
- FIG. 15 shows the travel time
- FIG. 16 shows the travel time increment obtained by subtracting the travel time when distilled water was administered to each animal.
- administration of the dextrin, DL-Ala, and L-Pro mixture increased the running time and the running time increase compared to the administration of dextrin with an equal energy (calorie) amount. From the above, it has been clarified that administration of a mixture of dextrin, Ala and Pro can withstand an increased exercise load for a long time compared to administration of dextrin alone.
- the amino acid composition provided by the present invention suppresses an increase in blood glucose level immediately after ingestion, suppresses a decrease in blood glucose level after prolonged exercise, and is taken before exercise. It is clear to improve athletic performance.
Abstract
Description
そこで本発明は、摂取直後の血糖値の急激な上昇が抑制され、且つ長時間の運動による血糖値の低下が抑制されており、運動パフォーマンスを向上させることが可能な新規アミノ酸組成物、とりわけ飲食品、医薬品を提供することを目的とする。
すなわち、本発明は以下を提供するものである。
[2]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上の合計濃度が固形分として2重量%~50重量%である、[1]に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[3]糖質の合計濃度が固形分として10重量%~90重量%である、[1]又は[2]に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[4]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を合計で2.5g~15g含むように1回摂取量単位で包装された形態である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[5]アミノ酸としてアラニンとプロリン及び/又はグリシンとを組み合わせて含有する、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[6]アラニン並びにプロリン及び/又はグリシンを、アラニン:プロリン及び/又はグリシン=1:0.01~1の配合割合で含有する、[5]に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[7]組成物の形態がゼリー状又は液状である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[8]等カロリーの糖質摂取時と比較して、摂取直後の血糖値の上昇が抑制される、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[9]等カロリーの糖質摂取時と比較して、摂取後の長時間の運動による血糖値低下が抑制される、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[10]運動パフォーマンス向上のために用いられる、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[11]他のアミノ酸を含まない、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸組成物。
[12]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする糖質摂取直後の血糖値上昇抑制剤。
[13]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする長時間の運動による血糖値低下抑制剤。
[14]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする運動パフォーマンス向上剤。
[15]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする糖質摂取直後の血糖値上昇抑制方法。
[16]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする長時間の運動による血糖値低下抑制方法。
[17]アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする運動パフォーマンス向上方法。
一方、プロリン及び/又はグリシンをアラニンと併用することでアラニンを単独で使用した場合よりも、長時間の運動による血糖値低下がより抑制される傾向がある。従って、本発明のアミノ酸組成物はアラニンとプロリン及び/又はグリシンとを組み合わせて含有することがより好ましい。この場合、アラニン並びにプロリン及び/又はグリシンの配合割合は、重量比で、通常、アラニン:プロリン及び/又はグリシン=1:0.01~1であり、好ましくは1:0.05~0.5であり、より好ましくは1:0.1~0.3である。プロリン及び/又はグリシンの割合が1よりも大きくなると、糖質の褐変が起こる場合があり、外観上好ましくない。
運動パフォーマンスの向上は、例えば、対照と比較して、疲労に達するまでのより長い運動時間又は距離などとして認識されうる。対照は適宜設定してよいが、等カロリーの糖質を摂取した対照を使用することが好ましい。
運動パフォーマンスの評価方法は特に限定されず、当該分野において公知の方法、例えば、トレッドミルや流水プールを用いて試験し評価する方法を用いることができる。具体的な試験としては、対象に運動負荷をかけ、運動を継続できなくなるまでの時間を測定する。または、運動強度(例えば走行速度)を次第に増加させ、対象が運動を継続できなくなるまでの時間を測定する。あるいは、一定の運動後、市販の自発行動量計などを用いて対象の自発行動量を測定し、対象の疲労の程度を評価する。また運動パフォーマンスの向上は、例えば、心拍数などの生理的パラメータの改善としても認識されうる。
当該剤は、糖質摂取直後の血糖値上昇を抑制することができる。血糖値上昇の抑制は、対照(例えば等カロリーの糖質を摂取した同じ個体)と比較することにより、本発明のアミノ酸組成物の場合と同様に調べることができる。ここで「等カロリーの糖質」とは、当該剤に含有されたアラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上のアミノ酸並びに摂取される糖質の合計カロリーと等しいカロリーを有する糖質であって、当該摂取される糖質と同じ種類の糖質を意味する。ここで糖質は、エネルギー補給源となる限り、任意の糖類であってよい。
当該剤は、糖質摂取後の長時間の運動による血糖値低下を抑制することができる。血糖値低下の抑制は、対照(例えば等カロリーの糖質を摂取した同じ個体)と比較することにより、本発明のアミノ酸組成物の場合と同様に調べることができる。ここで「等カロリーの糖質」とは、本発明の血糖値上昇抑制剤について上記定義した通りである。
当該剤は、運動パフォーマンスを向上させることができる。当該剤は、糖質と共に摂取することが好ましい。ここで糖質は、エネルギー補給源となる限り、任意の糖類であってよい。運動パフォーマンスの向上は、対照(例えば等カロリーの糖質を摂取した同じ個体)と比較することにより、本発明のアミノ酸組成物の場合と同様に調べることができる。ここで「等カロリーの糖質」とは、本発明の血糖値上昇抑制剤について上記定義した通りである。
また本発明にいう剤は、特定の作用・効果を発揮させるための、医薬品、食品用の添加剤、また健康補助食品、保健機能食品、サプリメントなどの特定の機能を有し、健康維持などを目的とする医薬品類似の食品組成物として提供することができる。
本発明の剤におけるアラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上の合計濃度は、固形分として、通常、2重量%~50重量%であり、好ましくは3重量%~30重量%であり、より好ましくは5重量%~20重量%である。
また本発明の剤が糖質を含まない場合には、糖質を摂取するタイミングは、本発明の剤の摂取と同時であっても別々であってもよく、またいずれを先に摂取してもよい。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、東北薬科大式回転車(永澤理化学機器店)による走行運動への馴化を行った後、試験に供した。実験当日、一晩絶食させたマウスの血糖値を尾静脈採血により測定した後、(1)デキストリン 1.25g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-アラニン(Ala) 0.125g/kg、L-プロリン(Pro) 0.125g/kg、(3)デキストリン 2.5g/kg、(4)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.25g/kg、L-Pro 0.25g/kg、(5)デキストリン 1.5g/kg、(6)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 0.25g/kg、L-Pro 0.25g/kg、(7)デキストリン 3g/kg、(8)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.5g/kg、L-Pro 0.5g/kg、(9)デキストリン 2g/kg、(10)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 0.5g/kg、L-Pro 0.5g/kgのいずれかを経口投与した(18匹/群)。尚、各試薬は、マウス体重(kg)あたり10mlの水に溶解して投与した。投与15分後に血糖値を測定した後、回転車にて10.5m/分の速度で走行運動負荷を開始した。90分の運動負荷後、再び血糖値を測定した。血糖値測定はいずれもグルコカードG+メーター(アークレイ)を用いて行った。その結果を図1及び2に示す。
図1に投与15分後の投与前血糖値からの変化を、図2に90分運動負荷後の投与前血糖値からの変化を示す。いずれの用量でも、デキストリンとAla及びProを同時に投与すると、等カロリーのデキストリン単独投与に比べて、投与15分後の血糖値上昇、運動負荷後の血糖値低下が抑制された。この結果より、本発明のアミノ酸含有組成物が血糖値上昇抑制作用・運動負荷時の血糖値維持作用を持つものとして有用であることが示された。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、東北薬科大式回転車(永澤理化学機器店)による走行運動への馴化を行った後、試験に供した。試験方法は、実施例1と同様である。投与物は、(1)デキストリン 3g/kg、(2)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 1g/kg、(3)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.5g/kg、グリシン(Gly) 0.5g/kg、(4)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.5g/kg、L-Pro 0.5g/kg、(5)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.7g/kg、Gly 0.3g/kg、(6)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.7g/kg、L-Pro 0.3g/kg、(7)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.8g/kg、Gly 0.1g/kg、L-Pro 0.1g/kg、(8)デキストリン 2g/kg、DL-Ala 0.5g/kg、L-Gly 0.25g/kg、L-Pro 0.25g/kgのいずれかを経口投与した(6匹/群)。血糖値変化の結果を図3及び4に示す。
図3に投与15分後の投与前血糖値からの変化を、図4に90分運動負荷後の投与前血糖値からの変化を示す。いずれの用量でも、デキストリンとAla単独、Ala及びGlyの2種類、Ala及びProの2種類、又はAla、Gly及びProの3種類を同時に投与すると、等カロリーのデキストリン単独投与に比べて、投与15分後の血糖値上昇、運動負荷後の血糖値低下が抑制された。この結果より、本発明のアミノ酸含有組成物が血糖値上昇抑制作用・運動負荷時の血糖値維持作用を持つものとして有用であることが示された。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、東北薬科大式回転車(永澤理化学機器店)による走行運動への馴化を行った後、試験に供した。試験方法は、実施例1と同様である。投与物は、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 1g/kg、(3)デキストリン 1g/kg、Gly 1g/kg、(4)デキストリン 1g/kg、L-Pro 1g/kgのいずれかを経口投与した(6匹/群)。血糖値変化の結果を図5及び6に示す。
図5に投与15分後の投与前血糖値からの変化を、図6に90分運動負荷後の投与前血糖値からの変化を示す。デキストリン単独投与に比べ、デキストリンとAla、Gly、Proいずれかのアミノ酸の混合物(デキストリン単独と等カロリー)を投与すると、投与15分後の血糖値上昇、運動負荷後の血糖値低下が抑制された。この結果より、本発明のアミノ酸含有組成物が血糖値上昇抑制作用・運動負荷時の血糖値維持作用を持つものとして有用であることが示された。
C57BL/6Jマウスオスを、トレッドミル(アルコシステム)による走行運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを一晩絶食させた後、(1)水、(2)グルコース 1g/kg、L-アラニン(Ala) 1g/kgのいずれかを経口投与し(6匹/群)、投与15分後より22m/分でトレッドミルによる走行運動を開始させた。マウスが電気グリッド上から脱出できず、5秒経過した時点で疲労困憊したと判断し、マウスが疲労困憊するまでの走行時間を測定した。その結果を図7に示す。
図7に疲労困憊までの走行時間を示す。水投与群に比べ、エネルギー源としてグルコースとAlaを同時に投与した群(グルコース+Ala投与群)では走行時間が延長し、エネルギー補給によって運動パフォーマンスが低下することはなく、水投与時よりも向上することが明らかとなった。
C57BL/6Jマウスオスを、トレッドミルによる走行運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを一晩絶食させた後、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg及びL-アラニン(Ala) 1g/kgを経口投与した。投与15分後より26m/分の速度でトレッドミルにより90分間の走行運動を負荷した。運動負荷後、ケージに移し、自発行動量計(NS-AS01:ニューロサイエンス社)を用いて行動量を3時間測定した(図8中、デキストリン及びデキストリン+Ala)。対照として、上記(1)又は(2)を投与した個体について、(1)又は(2)の代わりに水を投与して同様に自発行動量を測定した(図8中、デキストリン(水投与時)及びデキストリン+Ala(水投与時))。また、一晩絶食後、運動負荷をかけず安静状態のマウスの自発行動量も、同様に3時間測定した(図8中、安静時)。
図8に自発行動量の結果を示す(6-12匹/群)。水投与時に比べ、エネルギーとなるデキストリンを投与すると行動量が増加した。デキストリンとAlaを同時投与すると、デキストリン単独と等エネルギー(カロリー)量にも関わらず、デキストリン単独投与以上の行動量の増加が観察された。この結果より、デキストリンとAlaを同時に投与することで、デキストリン単独投与時以上に走行運動負荷による疲労が軽減され、自発行動量が増加することが明らかとなった。
C57BL/6Jマウスオスを、トレッドミルによる走行運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを一晩絶食させた後、まず非投与時に14m/分の速度で60分間走行運動を負荷した。60分後より、5分毎に2m/分ずつ36m/分まで速度を増加させ、疲労困憊までの走行時間を測定した。測定1週間後に、再び一晩絶食後、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg及びL-アラニン(Ala) 1g/kgを経口投与し(9匹/群)、非投与時と同様な検討を行った。なお、14m/分の速度での走行運動負荷は、経口投与15分後より開始した。非投与時からの走行時間増加量を図9に示す。また、投与直前から14m/分で60分走行後までの血糖値変化を図10に、14m/分で60分走行後の肝臓中グリコーゲン量を図11に示す。
図9に示すように、等エネルギー(カロリー)量のデキストリン単独投与に比べてデキストリンとAla同時投与時には、非投与時からの走行時間増加量が大きくなった。また図10及び11に示すように、同じ運動負荷後の血糖値変化、肝臓中グリコーゲン量もデキストリン+Ala投与群の方が高値を示した。以上より、デキストリンとAla同時投与によって、運動負荷による血糖値低下が抑制されること、及び肝臓中グリコーゲン量が維持されることが示された。さらに、デキストリンとAla同時投与によって、デキストリン単独投与に比べて運動負荷の増加に長時間耐えられるようになることが明らかとなった。
C57BL/6Jマウスオスを、京大松元式運動量測定流水槽石原改良版(アニテック)による遊泳運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを一晩絶食させた後、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg及びL-アラニン(Ala) 1g/kgのいずれかを経口投与し(39匹/群)、投与15分後より11m/分で遊泳運動を開始させた。マウスの鼻先が水没して7秒経過した時点を疲労困憊とし、マウスが疲労困憊するまでの遊泳時間を測定した。その結果を図12に示す。
図12に示すように、等エネルギー(カロリー)量を経口投与したにも関わらず、デキストリン単独投与に比べてAlaを同時に投与すると、遊泳時間が約30%延長することが明らかとなった。
イオン交換水に各成分を添加し、加熱・溶解後、口栓付きアルミパウチに充填することにより、以下の組成を有するゼリーのアミノ酸組成物(100g)を製造した。イオン交換水49.00g、DL-アラニン4.50g、L-プロリン0.50g、デキストリン44.50g、酸味料(クエン酸及びクエン酸ナトリウム)0.80g、ゲル化剤(寒天)0.60g及び香料0.10g。
イオン交換水に各成分を添加し、加熱・溶解後、口栓付きアルミパウチに充填することにより、以下の組成を有するゼリーのアミノ酸組成物(130g)を製造した。イオン交換水78.85g(60.65重量%)、DL-アラニン4.50g(3.46重量%)、L-プロリン0.50g(0.38重量%)、デキストリン44.50g(34.23重量%)、酸味料(クエン酸及びクエン酸ナトリウム)0.74g(0.57重量%)、ゲル化剤(寒天)0.78g(0.6重量%)及び香料0.13g(0.10重量%)。
イオン交換水に各成分を添加し、加熱・溶解後、口栓付きアルミパウチに充填することにより、以下の組成を有するジェルのアミノ酸組成物(100g)を製造した。イオン交換水48.85g、DL-アラニン4.50g、L-プロリン0.50g、デキストリン44.50g、グラニュー糖0.75g、酸味料(クエン酸及びクエン酸ナトリウム)0.80g及び香料0.10g。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、東北薬科大式回転車(永澤理化学機器店)による走行運動への馴化を行った後、試験に供した。実験当日、一晩絶食させたマウスの血糖値を尾静脈採血により測定した後、(1)デキストリン 1.25g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 0.225g/kg、L-Pro 0.025g/kgのいずれかを経口投与した(18匹/群)。
各試薬は、マウス体重(kg)あたり10mlの水に溶解して投与した。投与15分後に血糖値を測定した後、回転車にて10.5m/分の速度で走行運動負荷を開始した。運動開始後30分、65分、100分、135分及び170分に血糖値を測定した。血糖値測定はいずれもグルコカードG+メーター(アークレイ)を用いて行った。
図13に投与前、投与15分後(運動開始後0分)及び運動開始後の血糖値の変化を示す。デキストリン単独に比べ、デキストリンとAla及びProの混合物は、投与15分後の血糖値上昇、ならびに運動負荷100分後以降の血糖値低下を有意に抑制した。この結果より、本発明のアミノ酸含有組成物が血糖値上昇抑制作用ならびに運動負荷時の血糖値維持作用を持つものとして有用であることが示された。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、京大松元式運動量測定流水槽石原改良版(アニテック)による遊泳運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを試験開始3時間前から絶食させた後、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 0.9g/kg、L-Pro 0.1g/kgのいずれかを経口投与し(18匹/群)、投与15分後より11m/分で遊泳運動を開始させた。マウスの鼻先が水没して7秒経過した時点を疲労困憊とし、マウスが疲労困憊するまでの遊泳時間を測定した。
図14に示すように、等エネルギー(カロリー)量のデキストリン単独投与に比べて、デキストリンとAla及びProの混合物投与は、遊泳時間を延長することが明らかとなった。
C57BL/6Jマウス(日本クレア)オスを、トレッドミルによる走行運動に馴化させた後、試験に供した。マウスを一晩絶食させた後、蒸留水を経口投与し、投与15分後から14m/分の速度で60分間走行運動を負荷した。60分後より、5分毎に2m/分ずつ36m/分まで速度を増加させ、疲労困憊までの走行時間を測定し、各動物の運動能力を評価した。1週間後に、運動能力(走行時間)に差がないように2群にわけ、再び一晩絶食後、(1)デキストリン 2g/kg、(2)デキストリン 1g/kg、DL-Ala 0.9g/kg、L-Pro 0.1g/kgのいずれかを経口投与し(9匹/群)、蒸留水投与時と同様の検討を行った。走行時間を図15に、各動物の蒸留水投与時の走行時間を差し引いた走行時間増加量を図16に示す。
図15及び16に示すように、デキストリン、DL-Ala及びL-Pro混合物投与は、等エネルギー(カロリー)量のデキストリン単独投与に比べて、走行時間及び走行時間増加量が大きくなった。以上より、デキストリン、Ala及びProの混合物投与は、デキストリン単独投与に比べて運動負荷の増加に長時間耐えられるようになることが明らかとなった。
Claims (17)
- 糖質とアミノ酸としてアラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上とを含有するアミノ酸組成物。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上の合計濃度が固形分として2重量%~50重量%である、請求項1に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 糖質の合計濃度が固形分として10重量%~90重量%である、請求項1又は2に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を合計で2.5g~15g含むように1回摂取量単位で包装された形態である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- アミノ酸としてアラニンとプロリン及び/又はグリシンとを組み合わせて含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- アラニン並びにプロリン及び/又はグリシンを、アラニン:プロリン及び/又はグリシン=1:0.01~1の配合割合で含有する、請求項5に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 組成物の形態がゼリー状又は液状である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 等カロリーの糖質摂取時と比較して、摂取直後の血糖値の上昇が抑制される、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 等カロリーの糖質摂取時と比較して、摂取後の長時間の運動による血糖値低下が抑制される、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 運動パフォーマンス向上のために用いられる、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- 他のアミノ酸を含まない、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のアミノ酸組成物。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする糖質摂取直後の血糖値上昇抑制剤。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする長時間の運動による血糖値低下抑制剤。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有することを特徴とする運動パフォーマンス向上剤。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする糖質摂取直後の血糖値上昇抑制方法。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする長時間の運動による血糖値低下抑制方法。
- アラニン、プロリン及びグリシンのいずれか1種以上を含有する組成物を投与することを特徴とする運動パフォーマンス向上方法。
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