WO2012169218A1 - 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012169218A1 WO2012169218A1 PCT/JP2012/052073 JP2012052073W WO2012169218A1 WO 2012169218 A1 WO2012169218 A1 WO 2012169218A1 JP 2012052073 W JP2012052073 W JP 2012052073W WO 2012169218 A1 WO2012169218 A1 WO 2012169218A1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7802—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/0445—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L21/0455—Making n or p doped regions or layers, e.g. using diffusion
- H01L21/046—Making n or p doped regions or layers, e.g. using diffusion using ion implantation
- H01L21/0465—Making n or p doped regions or layers, e.g. using diffusion using ion implantation using masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66053—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L29/66068—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L29/1608—Silicon carbide
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/49—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET
- H01L29/51—Insulating materials associated therewith
- H01L29/518—Insulating materials associated therewith the insulating material containing nitrogen, e.g. nitride, oxynitride, nitrogen-doped material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- a step of selectively forming an impurity region in a semiconductor substrate is performed.
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
- a p-type impurity region is partially formed on an n-type semiconductor substrate, and further on the p-type impurity region.
- the step of partially forming the n-type impurity region is often performed. That is, impurity regions having different spreads are formed. Both impurity regions need to be formed in a self-aligned manner in order to suppress variation in MOSFET characteristics, particularly variation in channel length.
- a double diffusion method is widely used by adjusting the extent of impurity regions by adjusting the degree of progress of impurity diffusion by heat treatment.
- Patent Document 1 a polycrystalline silicon film or an oxide film obtained by oxidizing a polycrystalline silicon film is used as a mask, and different impurities can be obtained using movement of the mask edge by oxidation or oxide film removal Region formation is performed.
- the side walls of the opening are thermally oxidized to narrow the opening of the mask, and the oxide film is removed to widen the opening thus narrowed.
- a thermal oxidation step in adjusting the mask opening.
- a high temperature of about 900 to 1200 ° C. which requires a thermal oxidation process, can be a problem.
- alloying may occur between the metal underlayer and the silicon carbide substrate at a high temperature.
- the oxidation rate in the thermal oxidation process is not so fast.
- the steam oxidation rate is about 15 nm / min. For this reason, the production efficiency of the semiconductor device can be lowered.
- the following method can be considered as a method of narrowing the opening of the mask.
- a film is formed on a silicon carbide substrate provided with a mask having an opening.
- anisotropic etching removes the remaining portion of the film while leaving the portion on the sidewall in the opening of the mask.
- membrane can be obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device that can accurately form impurity regions in a self-aligned manner. .
- the method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device of the present invention includes the following steps.
- a mask layer is formed on the silicon carbide substrate.
- the mask layer includes a covering portion that covers the silicon carbide substrate and an opening having a side wall.
- a first conductivity type impurity is implanted onto the silicon carbide substrate through the opening of the mask layer.
- a first film made of the first material is formed on the silicon carbide substrate on which the mask layer is formed.
- the first film includes a first portion disposed on the covering portion, a second portion disposed on the sidewall of the opening, and a third portion disposed on the silicon carbide substrate in the opening. including.
- a second film made of a second material different from the first material is formed on the silicon carbide substrate on which the mask layer and the first film are formed.
- the second film includes a portion disposed on each of the first to third portions of the first film.
- Anisotropic etching for removing a portion of the second film disposed on the third portion of the first film is started. It is detected that etching of the first material has occurred during anisotropic etching. After detecting that the etching of the first material has been detected by the step of detecting that the etching of the first material has occurred, the anisotropic etching is stopped. After the step of stopping the anisotropic etching, on the silicon carbide substrate through an opening narrowed by the second part of the first film and the second film disposed on the second part. Second conductivity type impurities are implanted into the first electrode.
- the end point of anisotropic etching for the second film is detected by detecting that etching has occurred for the first film. Since the etching with respect to the first film occurs not only in the opening of the mask layer but also on the covering portion of the mask layer, it can be accurately detected that the etching has occurred on the first film. Accordingly, since the anisotropic etching can be stopped with respect to the second film with high accuracy, the second film can be accurately left on the sidewall of the opening. Therefore, since the second conductivity type impurity is implanted using the opening narrowed with high precision, the second conductivity type impurity is formed on a part of the region where the first conductivity type impurity is implanted using the opening. The region can be formed with high accuracy.
- the mask layer may be made of a second material. Therefore, since the material of the mask layer and the material of the second film are the same, the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device can be further simplified.
- the following process may be performed after the first film is formed and before the second film is formed.
- a third film made of a material different from the first material is formed.
- a fourth film made of the first material is formed on the third film.
- the etching of the first material accompanying the etching of the fourth film is detected as the etching progresses, and thereafter, the etching of the first material accompanying the etching of the first film is performed after a time interval. Is detected. That is, prior to the detection of the etching of the first film, detection for anticipating it is performed. Therefore, the accuracy of stopping etching can be further increased.
- a base layer may be formed on the silicon carbide substrate before the mask layer is formed.
- the underlayer may be made of a first material.
- the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device can be further simplified.
- the underlayer may be made of a material different from the first material.
- an etching selectivity can be ensured between the underlayer and the first film, so that the accuracy of the remaining amount of the underlayer after anisotropic etching can be increased. Therefore, variations in the implantation of the second conductivity type impurity through the base layer can be suppressed.
- the first material may not contain a metal element. Therefore, the metal contamination to the apparatus for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device can be avoided.
- the first material may be made of either a silicon-based material or a carbon-based material.
- the material of the first film can be made to contain no metal element.
- the impurity region can be formed in a self-aligned manner with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a silicon carbide semiconductor device in a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a first step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a second step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a third step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a fourth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 10 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a fifth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a sixth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a seventh step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 10 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing an eighth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a ninth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a tenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing an eleventh step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a twelfth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 14 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a thirteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 14 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a fourteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 16 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing a fifteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device of FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the 1st process of the manufacturing method of a comparative example. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd process of the manufacturing method of a comparative example roughly. It is a graph which shows an example of the mode of the endpoint detection in a comparative example. It is a graph which shows an example of the mode of the endpoint detection in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross sectional view schematically showing one step of a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a graph which shows an example of the mode of the endpoint detection in Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- MOSFET 100 As a silicon carbide semiconductor device of the present embodiment will be described first.
- the MOSFET 100 is specifically a vertical DiMOSFET (Double Implanted MOSFET).
- MOSFET 100 includes an epitaxial substrate 90, an oxide film 126, a source electrode 111, an upper source electrode 127, a gate electrode 110, and a drain electrode 112.
- Epitaxial substrate 90 has single crystal substrate 80, buffer layer 121, breakdown voltage holding layer 122, p region 123, and n + region 124.
- the planar shape of MOSFET 100 (the shape viewed from above in FIG. 1) is, for example, a rectangle or a square having sides with a length of 2 mm or more.
- Single crystal substrate 80 and buffer layer 121 have n-type conductivity.
- Single crystal substrate 80 is preferably made of silicon carbide.
- the concentration of the n-type conductive impurity in the buffer layer 121 is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the buffer layer 121 has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, for example.
- the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 is formed on the buffer layer 121 and is made of silicon carbide having an n-type conductivity.
- the thickness of the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 is 10 ⁇ m, and the concentration of the n-type conductive impurity is 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 .
- p regions 123 On the surface S0 of the epitaxial substrate 90, a plurality of p regions 123 having a p-type conductivity are formed at intervals. An n + region 124 is formed on the surface S0 so as to be located inside each p region 123. On surface S 0, p region 123 has a channel region sandwiched between n + region 124 and breakdown voltage holding layer 122 and covered with gate electrode 110 through oxide film 126.
- An oxide film 126 is formed on the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 exposed from between the plurality of p regions 123 on the surface S0.
- the oxide film 126 includes the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 exposed between the p region 123 and the two p regions 123 from the top of the n + region 124 in the one p region 123, the other p region 123, and the other one.
- the p region 123 extends to the n + region 124.
- a gate electrode 110 is formed on the oxide film 126. Therefore, a portion of the oxide film 126 where the gate electrode 110 is formed has a function as a gate insulating film.
- a source electrode 111 is formed on the n + region 124. A part of the source electrode 111 may be in contact with the p region 123.
- An upper source electrode 127 is formed on the source electrode 111.
- an epitaxial substrate 90 (silicon carbide substrate) having a surface S0 is prepared.
- buffer layer 121 is formed on the main surface of single crystal substrate 80, and breakdown voltage holding layer 122 is formed on buffer layer 121.
- Buffer layer 121 is made of silicon carbide whose conductivity type is n-type, and has a thickness of, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the concentration of the conductive impurity in the buffer layer 121 is set to 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 , for example.
- the thickness of the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m.
- the concentration of the n-type conductive impurity in the breakdown voltage holding layer 122 is set to 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 , for example.
- an etching stop layer 50 (underlayer) is formed on the surface S0 of the epitaxial substrate 90 in the present embodiment.
- the material of the etching stop layer 50 is, for example, silicon nitride (SiN), titanium (Ti), or silicon (Si).
- the thickness of the etching stop layer 50 is, for example, not less than 50 nm and not more than 300 nm.
- a mask layer 31 is deposited on the epitaxial substrate 90 via the etching stop layer 50.
- the material of the mask layer 31 is preferably silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) or polysilicon, and more preferably silicon oxide.
- a photoresist pattern 40 is formed on the mask layer 31 by photolithography.
- the mask layer 31 is patterned by anisotropic etching E1 using the photoresist pattern 40 as a mask.
- the anisotropic etching E1 is specifically dry etching, for example, reactive ion etching or ion milling. Next, the remaining photoresist pattern 40 is removed.
- the mask layer 31 having an opening is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90 through the etching stop layer 50 through the steps so far.
- the mask layer 31 includes a covering portion CV that covers the epitaxial substrate 90 via the etching stop layer 50, and an opening OP having a side wall S1. Due to the dimensional specifications of the MOSFET 100 (FIG. 1), the area of the opening OP is usually smaller than the area of the covering part CV in plan view. Specifically, the ratio of the area of the opening OP to the total area of the covering part CV and the opening OP (that is, the area of the mask layer 31) is preferably 5% or less because of the dimensional specifications of the MOSFET 100 (FIG. 1). % Or less is more preferable.
- p-type (first conductivity type) impurities are implanted on the epitaxial substrate 90 by ion implantation J1 through the opening OP of the mask layer 31.
- ap region 123 is formed in the epitaxial substrate 90 from the surface S0 to a predetermined depth.
- an endpoint film 32 (first film) is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90 on which the etching stop layer 50 and the mask layer 31 are formed.
- the endpoint film 32 has portions P1 to P3.
- the portion P1 (first portion) is disposed on the covering portion CV
- the portion P2 (second portion) is disposed on the side wall S1 of the opening OP
- the portion P3 (third portion) is in the opening OP.
- the material (first material) of the endpoint film 32 is preferably one that does not substantially contain a metal element, and is, for example, a silicon-based material or a carbon-based material.
- the silicon-based material is, for example, silicon nitride (SiN).
- the carbon-based material is, for example, carbon (C).
- the material of the endpoint film 32 may be the same as the material of the etching stop layer 50. Conversely, the material of the endpoint film 32 may be different from the material of the etching stop layer 50.
- a spacer film 33 (second film) is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90 on which the mask layer 31 and the endpoint film 32 are formed.
- the spacer film 33 includes a portion disposed on each of the portions P1 to P3 of the endpoint film 32.
- the spacer film 33 is formed by, for example, a p-CVD (plasma-chemical vapor deposition) method.
- the film formation temperature is about 400 ° C.
- the film formation rate is 50 to 300 nm / min.
- the spacer film 33 is made of a material (second material) different from the material of the endpoint film 32 (first material).
- the material of each of the endpoint film 32 and the spacer film 33 is selected so that at least one kind of atom is contained only in one of the spacer film 33 and the endpoint film 32.
- the material of the spacer film 33 is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ).
- the material of the spacer film 33 is the same as the material of the mask layer 31.
- anisotropic etching for removing portions of the spacer film 33 disposed on the portions P1 and P3 of the end point film 32 is started.
- the anisotropic etching is dry etching, for example, reactive ion etching or ion milling.
- endpoint detection is started to identify the type of material being etched. Endpoint detection is performed, for example, by spectroscopic analysis of light emitted during etching or mass analysis of atoms emitted by etching.
- the portions P1 and P3 of the endpoint film 32 are exposed by the progress of the anisotropic etching E2.
- the material of the endpoint film 32 starts to be etched. That is, etching of a material different from the material of the spacer film 33 is started. Therefore, it is detected by endpoint detection that a part of the endpoint film 32 is exposed.
- the portions P1 and P3 are removed by performing a predetermined amount of etching after the exposure of the endpoint film 32 is detected, in other words, by performing over-etching. Thereafter, the anisotropic etching E2 is stopped. This over-etching may be omitted.
- the composite mask 30 having the mask layer 31, the endpoint film 32, and the spacer film 33 is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90 via the etching stop layer 50. .
- an n-type ion is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90 by ion implantation J2 through an opening OP narrowed by a portion P2 of the endpoint film 32 and a spacer film 33 disposed on the portion P2. (Second conductivity type) impurities are implanted.
- n + region 124 is formed in epitaxial substrate 90 from surface S0 to a predetermined depth.
- the composite mask 30 and the etching stop layer 50 are removed.
- An activation heat treatment is also performed. This heat treatment is performed, for example, by heating at 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes in an argon atmosphere.
- oxide film 126 serving as a gate insulating film is formed on the epitaxial substrate 90. Specifically, oxide film 126 is formed to cover breakdown voltage holding layer 122, p region 123, and n + region 124. This formation may be performed by dry oxidation (thermal oxidation). The dry oxidation conditions are, for example, a heating temperature of 1200 ° C. and a heating time of 30 minutes.
- a nitriding heat treatment step is performed.
- This heat treatment is performed, for example, by heating at 1100 ° C. for 120 minutes in a nitrogen monoxide (NO) atmosphere.
- NO nitrogen monoxide
- nitrogen atoms are introduced in the vicinity of the interface between oxide film 126 and each of breakdown voltage holding layer 122, p region 123, and n + region 124.
- a heat treatment using an argon (Ar) gas that is an inert gas may be further performed after the heat treatment step using nitrogen monoxide.
- Conditions for this heat treatment are, for example, a heating temperature of 1100 ° C. and a heating time of 60 minutes.
- the source electrode 111 is formed. Specifically, the following steps are performed.
- a resist film having a pattern is formed on oxide film 126 using a photolithography method. Using this resist film as a mask, a portion of oxide film 126 located on n + region 124 is removed by etching. As a result, an opening is formed in the oxide film 126. Next, a conductor film is formed so as to come into contact with n + region 124 in this opening. Next, by removing the resist film, the portion of the conductor film located on the resist film is removed (lifted off).
- the conductor film may be a metal film, and is made of nickel (Ni), for example. As a result of this lift-off, the source electrode 111 is formed.
- the heat processing for alloying is performed here.
- heat treatment is performed for 2 minutes at a heating temperature of 950 ° C. in an atmosphere of argon (Ar) gas that is an inert gas.
- the upper source electrode 127 is formed on the source electrode 111.
- a gate electrode 110 is formed on the oxide film 126.
- drain electrode 112 is formed on the back surface (lower surface in the drawing) of single crystal substrate 80. Thus, MOSFET 100 is obtained.
- the spacer film 33 is formed without providing the endpoint film 32 (FIG. 17).
- the mask layer 31 and the spacer film are made of silicon oxide, and the etching stop layer 50 is made of titanium. Thereafter, anisotropic etching similar to that of the present embodiment is performed. As the etching of the spacer film 33 proceeds, the upper surface of the mask layer 31 and the etching stop layer 50 in the opening OP are exposed (FIG. 18).
- the material of the spacer film 33 and the material of the mask layer 31 are both silicon oxide, the exposure of the upper surface of the mask layer 31 cannot be the target of endpoint detection.
- the target of endpoint detection is only the exposure of the etching stop layer 50 in the opening OP.
- a change in intensity I in endpoint detection ie a decrease in O (oxygen) atomic intensity or an increase in Ti (titanium) atomic intensity, can be theoretically detected.
- these intensity changes are caused by the difference in the material exposed in the opening OP, the intensity change becomes smaller as the proportion of the area of the opening OP in the mask layer 31 becomes smaller. Since the intensity change is small, endpoint detection is actually difficult.
- the endpoint film 32 (FIG. 10) is provided as in the present embodiment, for example, when the endpoint film 32 is made of silicon nitride, the end film is formed on the upper surface of the mask layer 31. Exposing the portion P1 of the point film 32 causes a rapid increase in nitrogen (N) atomic strength (FIG. 20). Therefore, since the end point can be easily detected, the etching can be stopped accurately.
- N nitrogen
- the end point detection of anisotropic etching on the spacer film 33 is performed by detecting that etching (FIG. 11) has occurred on the end point film 32. .
- Etching on the endpoint film 32 occurs not only in the opening OP (FIG. 9) of the mask layer 31 but also on the covering portion CV (FIG. 9) of the mask layer 31.
- n-type impurity is performed using the opening OP narrowed with high precision, one of the regions (p region 123) into which the p-type impurity is implanted using the opening OP.
- An n-type region can be accurately formed on the portion.
- the material of the mask layer 31 and the material of the spacer film 33 are the same.
- the method for manufacturing the MOSFET 100 can be further simplified.
- the material of the etching stop layer 50 and the material of the endpoint film 32 may be the same. In this case, the method for manufacturing the MOSFET 100 can be further simplified. Alternatively, they may be different from each other. In this case, it is possible to ensure an etching selectivity between the etching stop layer 50 and the endpoint film 32. Therefore, the accuracy of the remaining amount of the etching stop layer 50 (FIG. 12) after anisotropic etching (FIG. 11) can be improved. Therefore, variations in n-type impurity implantation through the etching stop layer 50 can be suppressed.
- the material of the endpoint film 32 does not contain a metal element, so that metal contamination of the device for manufacturing the MOSFET 100 can be avoided.
- an intermediate film 34 (third film) made of a material different from the material of the endpoint film 32 is formed.
- an intermediate film 35 (fourth film) made of the same material as the material of the endpoint film 32 is formed.
- a spacer film 33 is formed on the intermediate film 35.
- the material of the intermediate film 34 is the same as at least one of the material of the mask layer 31 and the material of the spacer film 33.
- MOSFET 100 (FIG. 1) is obtained through substantially the same steps as FIG. 11 to FIG. 18 (Embodiment 1).
- the etching of the material of the intermediate film 35 is detected, and thereafter, the etching of the same material accompanying the etching of the endpoint film 32 is detected at a time interval. . That is, the etching of the intermediate film 35 is detected in anticipation of the etching of the endpoint film 32 prior to the detection. Therefore, the accuracy of stopping etching can be further increased.
- the material of mask layer 31, intermediate film 34, and spacer film 33 is silicon oxide
- the material of endpoint film 32 and intermediate film 35 is silicon nitride
- the material of etching stop layer 50 When is a titanium, a change in intensity I as shown in FIG. 22 is detected. Specifically, a peak of N atom intensity is detected prior to the final increase in N (nitrogen) atom intensity.
- the etching stop layer 50 is exposed during the ion implantation J2 (FIG. 13). However, this is not essential, and the endpoint film 32 remains on the etching stop layer 50. May be. Further, the ion implantation J2 is not necessarily performed through the etching stop layer 50, and the formation of the etching stop layer 50 may be omitted.
- the first conductivity type is p-type and the second conductivity type is n-type
- the first conductivity type may be n-type and the second conductivity type may be p-type.
- the conductivity type is preferably selected so that the channel of the semiconductor device is n-type.
- the semiconductor device may be a MISFET (Metal Insulator Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) other than the MOSFET.
- the semiconductor device may be other than the MISFET, and may be, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).
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Abstract
Description
これによりマスク層の材料と第2の膜の材料とが同じとされるので、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法をより簡素化することができる。
上記製造方法において、下地層は第1の材料から作られてもよい。
これにより、下地層と第1の膜との間でエッチング選択比を確保することが可能となるので、異方性エッチング後の下地層の残存量の精度を高めることができる。よって下地層を介した第2導電型不純物の注入のばらつきを抑制することができる。
これにより、炭化珪素半導体装置を製造するための装置への金属汚染を避けることができる。
(実施の形態1)
図1を参照して、はじめに、本実施の形態の炭化珪素半導体装置としてのMOSFET100の構造について説明する。MOSFET100は、具体的には、縦型DiMOSFET(Double Implanted MOSFET)である。MOSFET100は、エピタキシャル基板90、酸化膜126、ソース電極111、上部ソース電極127、ゲート電極110、およびドレイン電極112を有する。エピタキシャル基板90は、単結晶基板80、バッファ層121、耐圧保持層122、p領域123、およびn+領域124を有する。MOSFET100の平面形状(図1の上方向から見た形状)は、たとえば、2mm以上の長さの辺からなる長方形または正方形である。
図2に示すように、表面S0を有するエピタキシャル基板90(炭化珪素基板)が準備される。具体的には、単結晶基板80の主面上にバッファ層121が形成され、バッファ層121上に耐圧保持層122が形成される。バッファ層121は、導電型がn型の炭化珪素からなり、その厚さは、たとえば0.5μmとされる。またバッファ層121における導電型不純物の濃度は、たとえば5×1017cm-3とされる。耐圧保持層122の厚さは、たとえば10μmとされる。また耐圧保持層122におけるn型の導電性不純物の濃度は、たとえば5×1015cm-3とされる。
本実施の形態においても、まず図2~図9(実施の形態1)とほぼ同様の工程が行われる。
Claims (8)
- 炭化珪素基板(90)上にマスク層(31)を形成する工程を備え、
前記マスク層は、前記炭化珪素基板を覆う被覆部(CV)と、側壁(S1)を有する開口部(OP)とを含み、さらに
前記マスク層の前記開口部を介して前記炭化珪素基板上に第1導電型不純物を注入する工程と、
前記マスク層が形成された前記炭化珪素基板上に、第1の材料から作られた第1の膜(32)を成膜する工程とを備え、
前記第1の膜は、前記被覆部上に配置された第1の部分(P1)と、前記開口部の前記側壁上に配置された第2の部分(P2)と、前記開口部内において前記炭化珪素基板上に配置された第3の部分(P3)とを含み、さらに
前記マスク層および前記第1の膜が形成された前記炭化珪素基板上に、前記第1の材料と異なる第2の材料から作られた第2の膜(33)を成膜する工程を備え、
前記第2の膜は、前記第1の膜の前記第1~第3の部分の各々の上に配置された部分を含み、さらに
前記第2の膜のうち前記第1の膜の前記第3の部分の上に配置された部分を除去するための異方性エッチングを開始する工程と、
前記異方性エッチング中に前記第1の材料のエッチングが生じたことを検知する工程と、
前記第1の材料のエッチングが生じたことを検知する工程によって前記第1の材料のエッチングが生じたことが検知された後に、前記異方性エッチングを停止する工程と、
前記異方性エッチングを停止する工程の後に、前記第1の膜の前記第2の部分と前記第2の部分の上に配置された前記第2の膜とによって狭められた前記開口部を介して、前記炭化珪素基板上に第2導電型不純物を注入する工程とを備える、炭化珪素半導体装置(100)の製造方法。 - 前記マスク層は前記第2の材料から作られている、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の膜を成膜する工程の後、かつ前記第2の膜を成膜する工程の前に、前記第1の材料と異なる材料から作られた第3の膜(34)を成膜する工程と、前記第3の膜の上に前記第1の材料から作られた第4の膜(35)を成膜する工程とをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記マスク層を形成する工程の前に、前記炭化珪素基板上に下地層(50)を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記下地層は前記第1の材料から作られている、請求項4に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記下地層は前記第1の材料と異なる材料から作られている、請求項4に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の材料は金属元素を含有しない、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の材料はシリコン系材料およびカーボン系材料のいずれかから作られている、請求項7に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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