WO2012163077A1 - 一种通用汽油机油箱盖 - Google Patents

一种通用汽油机油箱盖 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012163077A1
WO2012163077A1 PCT/CN2011/085219 CN2011085219W WO2012163077A1 WO 2012163077 A1 WO2012163077 A1 WO 2012163077A1 CN 2011085219 W CN2011085219 W CN 2011085219W WO 2012163077 A1 WO2012163077 A1 WO 2012163077A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ratchet
adsorption chamber
casing
gasoline engine
fuel tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/085219
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王义超
李华荣
裴俊杰
Original Assignee
重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司 filed Critical 重庆宗申通用动力机械有限公司
Priority to US13/574,910 priority Critical patent/US8561826B2/en
Publication of WO2012163077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012163077A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0854—Details of the absorption canister
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04—Tank inlets
    • B60K15/0406—Filler caps for fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/41—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using plural beds of the same adsorbent in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4516—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for fuel vapour recovery systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04—Tank inlets
    • B60K15/0406—Filler caps for fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/0432—Filler caps for fuel tanks having a specific connection between the cap and the vehicle or tank opening
    • B60K2015/0438—Filler caps for fuel tanks having a specific connection between the cap and the vehicle or tank opening using screw or bayonet
    • B60K2015/0441—Filler caps for fuel tanks having a specific connection between the cap and the vehicle or tank opening using screw or bayonet with torque control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/04—Tank inlets
    • B60K15/0406—Filler caps for fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/0451—Sealing means in the closure cap

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a universal gasoline engine, in particular to a general gasoline engine oil tank.
  • the existing universal fuel tank cover mainly comprises a casing, a latching seat, a plastic disk, a locking plate and a fuel tank inner cover, and the outer casing and the locking seat are fixed by riveting, and a plastic disk is supported between the locking seat and the outer casing, and the plastic disk is A tank inner cover is arranged in the lower end cavity, and a latching piece is fixedly connected to the lower end of the latching seat.
  • the upper end of the plastic disc is provided with a plurality of convex ribs, the rib is provided with a ventilation gap, the plastic disc, the oil tank inner cover and the lock seat
  • a venting hole is respectively arranged on the locking piece, and after the oil tank is covered, the vent hole passes through the venting hole to the atmosphere.
  • the atmosphere enters the fuel tank through the gap between the outer casing and the lock seat through the plastic disk, the inner cover of the fuel tank, the lock seat and the vent hole on the lock plate, and the air pressure in the fuel tank is supplemented to ensure the fuel tank.
  • the gasoline inside can be normally supplied to the machine; when the machine stops working, the gasoline vapor in the fuel tank can pass through these vent holes in turn and directly discharge to the atmosphere.
  • the gasoline in the fuel tank will flow along the ventilation passage, which not only causes waste of gasoline, but also pollutes the environment.
  • many manufacturers have adopted carbon canisters and dump valves, but because the canisters and dumping valves are separate parts, the assembly is complicated and the manufacturing cost is increased.
  • Utility model content It is an object of the present invention to provide a universal gasoline engine fuel tank cap that prevents fuel vapour gas from being directly vented to the atmosphere.
  • a universal gasoline engine fuel tank cap comprising a casing, an inner casing and a sealing cover on an upper end surface of the inner casing, wherein: the outer casing and the inner casing pass a ratchet
  • the mechanism and the limiting mechanism are connected, and a partition plate I and a partition plate II for dividing the upper chamber into the first adsorption chamber, the second adsorption chamber and the third adsorption chamber from the outside to the inside are disposed in the upper chamber of the inner casing.
  • the first adsorption chamber and the second adsorption chamber are respectively provided with fine carbon particles, and the third adsorption chamber is provided with a bubble, and the bottom of the partition plate I is provided with a ventilation hole communicating with the third adsorption chamber and the oil tank. I.
  • a vent hole II is provided at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber to open the first adsorption chamber to the outside atmosphere.
  • the support cover sleeves the partition plate II into the inner cavity of the support cover, and the lower end surface of the boss of the support cover is circumferentially provided with a uniformly distributed grid,
  • the inner circumference height of the grid is lower than the outer circumference height, and the air inlet holes are arranged in the grid, and the fuel volatilized gas passes through the gap between the third adsorption chamber, the partition plate II and the support cover wall, and the intake air at the bottom of the support cover.
  • the pores are uniformly introduced into the second adsorption chamber containing fine carbon particles.
  • the venting pad I and the venting pad II are respectively disposed in the first adsorption chamber and the second adsorption chamber, and the venting pad I is located at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber, and the venting pad is located at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber.
  • the air cushion II fits over the boss of the support cover.
  • the air inlet hole on the support cover is designed as a whole circumference
  • the cavity surface is designed as a whole circumference under the air cushion II
  • the ventilation gap is designed between the partition plate I and the sealing cover on the inner casing, which is beneficial to the fuel volatile gas along the circumference. Divergent uniform flow, increasing the adsorption efficiency of fine carbon particles fruit.
  • the ratchet structure includes a ratchet inner tooth disposed on the outer casing and a ratchet outer tooth disposed on the inner casing and cooperating with the ratchet inner tooth, the ratchet inner tooth and the ratchet
  • the external tooth has a slope on the force receiving surface in the tightening direction, and the force receiving surface in the loosening direction is a straight surface.
  • the outer teeth of the ratchet are in an involute shape, that is, the distance from the root to the tip of the tooth to the inner wall of the outer casing is gradually reduced, and the outer diameter of the ratchet is closer to the root, the smaller the deformation is, and the ratchet is avoided when tightening.
  • the internal teeth are in contact with the roots of the external teeth of the ratchet. Due to the small deformation of the roots, it is not easy for the internal teeth of the ratchet to easily skip the external teeth of the ratchet after being tightened.
  • the limiting structure comprises a step end surface and a limiting boss disposed on the outer casing, and a ratchet outer tooth and a limit circumference disposed on the inner casing.
  • the upper end surface of the ratchet outer tooth is located on the lower side of the step end face, and the limit circumference is located on the upper side of the limit boss.
  • the limiting mechanism comprises a step end surface integrally formed with the outer casing at an inner portion of the inner wall of the outer casing and an inwardly protruding step end, a limiting circumference disposed on a lower portion of the outer wall of the inner casing, and a limiting boss disposed on the inner wall of the outer casing, the outer casing and the inner casing After tightening, the limiting circumference is located at an upper end surface of the limiting boss, and the ratchet teeth and the ratchet are located at a lower end surface of the step end surface.
  • the limit bosses are two or more, and are evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the outer casing.
  • the ratchet inner teeth and the cantilever distal ends of the ratchet outer teeth are designed to have zero gap contact, and the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the inner circumferential limit of the inner casing and the inner wall of the outer casing is designed. With a small gap, both solutions can limit the position of the outer casing and the inner casing in the radial direction.
  • a support rib is disposed at a bottom of the first adsorption chamber, and the ventilating pad I is located at the support rib In this way, an annular cavity is formed below the ventilating pad I, so that the gas passage is more open, and the cavity is open to the atmosphere.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing is provided with protruding ribs to ensure that the vent hole is open to the atmosphere, and the distance between the rib and the inner circumferential limit of the inner casing is small or zero, and the sway between the inner casing and the outer casing can be reduced.
  • a bubble gland is disposed between the fine carbon particles in the first adsorption chamber and the second adsorption chamber and the lower surface of the sealing cover.
  • the foam cap is moderately pressed and deformed by the sealing cap, and the fine carbon particles are moderately pressed in the first and second adsorption chambers to prevent the fine carbon particles from shaking between the first and second adsorption chambers and the sealing cover.
  • the utility model has the advantages of ingenious structure design, convenient assembly and low cost, can effectively prevent the fuel volatile gas from being directly discharged into the atmosphere, and can obtain an accurate judgment after the fuel tank cap is tightened in place.
  • Figure 1 is a split view of the utility model
  • Figure 2 is an assembly view of the utility model
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the outer casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inner casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the state of engagement of the ratchet teeth and the ratchet of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the support cover of the present invention.
  • the component 1 is the outer casing
  • the component 2 is the inner casing
  • the component 3 is the sealing cover
  • the component 4 is the first adsorption cavity
  • the component 5 is the second adsorption cavity
  • the component 6 is the third adsorption cavity
  • the component 7 is the partition I.
  • part 8 is the partition II
  • part 9 is the support cover
  • the piece 10 is fine carbon particles
  • the piece 11 is a bubble ⁇
  • member 12 is vent hole I
  • piece 13 is ratchet inner tooth
  • piece 14 is ratchet outer tooth
  • piece 15 is step end face
  • piece 16 is limit circumference
  • piece 17 is limit boss
  • piece 18 is vent pad I 19 is the venting pad II
  • the piece 20 is the boss
  • the piece 21 is the mesh
  • the piece 22 is the air inlet hole
  • the piece 23 is the support rib
  • the piece 24 is the vent hole
  • the piece 25 is the rib
  • the piece 26 is the blister pressure cover.
  • a general gasoline engine fuel tank cap includes a casing 1, an inner casing 2 and a sealing cover 3 at an upper end surface of the inner casing 2, and the ratchet structure and the limit between the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2
  • the structure is subjected to torque control, and a partition plate 17 and a partition plate 118 for dividing the upper chamber into the first adsorption chamber 4, the second adsorption chamber 5, and the third adsorption chamber 6 from the outside to the inside are provided in the upper chamber of the inner casing 2.
  • a venting gap is provided between the partition plate 17 and the sealing cover 3, and the supporting cover 9 is disposed in the second adsorption chamber 5, and the inner cavity of the supporting cover 9 is fitted into the outer wall of the partition ⁇ 8 to support the inside of the cover 9.
  • a venting gap is provided between the cavity and the circumference of the outer wall of the spacer ⁇ 8.
  • the first adsorption chamber 4 and the second adsorption chamber 5 are respectively provided with fine carbon particles 10, and the third adsorption chamber 6 is provided with a bubble 11 which is provided with a communication at the bottom of the third adsorption chamber 6.
  • the third adsorption chamber 6 and the vent hole 112 of the oil tank are provided at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber 4 with a vent hole 1124 through which the first adsorption chamber 4 communicates with the outside atmosphere.
  • the vent hole 1124 Through the vent hole 1124, the fuel tank is connected to the atmosphere, ensuring that no negative pressure is formed in the fuel tank, so that the fuel can smoothly enter.
  • the carburetor ensures the fuel supply of the general gasoline engine during normal operation.
  • the design of the first adsorption chamber 4 and the second adsorption chamber 5 and the like increases the passage path of the gas and increases the adsorption effect.
  • a bubble cap 26 is disposed between the lower ends of the sealing cover 3, and the fine carbon particles 10 are loaded into the first and second adsorption chambers, and the top is filled with a cap. 26, reassemble the sealing cover 3.
  • the bubble cap 26 is moderately pressed and deformed by the sealing cover 3, and the fine carbon particles 10 are moderately pressed in the first and second adsorption chambers to prevent the fine carbon particles 10 from being between the first and second adsorption chambers and the sealing cover 3. Shaking.
  • the oil level in the oil tank gradually decreases, and the outside air can enter the oil tank in the opposite direction of the fuel volatilization, and at the same time, some of the fuel gas that has been adsorbed on the carbon particles can be brought into, that is, desorbed.
  • the venting pad 118 is disposed at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber 4 to prevent carbon particles from leaking into the outside atmosphere.
  • the venting pad II 19 is disposed at the bottom of the second adsorption chamber 5, and the venting pad II 19 is inserted into the support.
  • the boss 20 of the cover 9 prevents carbon particles from leaking to the tank.
  • the venting pad 118 and the venting pad II 19 allow the gas to pass freely.
  • the evenly distributed mesh 21 is circumferentially disposed on the lower end surface of the boss 20 of the support cover 9, and the inner circumference height of the mesh 21 is lower than the outer circumferential height.
  • Air intake holes 22 are provided in the mesh 21.
  • a support rib 23 is provided at the bottom of the first adsorption chamber 4, and the venting pad 118 is located on the support rib 23.
  • a circumferential cavity is formed between the venting pad 118 and the first adsorption chamber 4 to facilitate a smoother gas passage.
  • a gap is formed between the partition plate 17 on the inner casing 1 and the sealing cover 3, and a venting gap is provided between the partition ⁇ 8 and the supporting cover 9, which is advantageous for uniform and smooth airflow.
  • the ratchet structure includes a ratchet inner tooth 13 disposed on an inner wall of the outer casing 1, and a ratchet outer tooth 14 disposed on an outer wall of the inner casing 2 and cooperating with the ratchet inner tooth 13,
  • the ratchet outer teeth 14 and the ratchet teeth 13 have a slope on the force receiving surface when tightened, and the force receiving surface when loosening is a straight surface.
  • the inner casing 2 is no longer rotated, and the outer casing 1 is continuously rotated.
  • the outer surface of the ratchet wheel 14 is deformed by the force surface, and the ratchet wheel is deformed.
  • the teeth 13 are skipped by the ratchet outer teeth 14, and the ratchet outer teeth 14 are then returned to the position, and when the return position is in rapid contact with the ratchet inner teeth 13, a "click" sound is emitted, thereby judging that the fuel tank cap has been tightened into place.
  • When loosening rotate the outer casing in the opposite direction. 1.
  • the ratchet inner teeth 13 drive the inner surface of the inner casing 2 on the outer surface of the ratchet outer teeth 14, the inner teeth 13 rotate, and the fuel tank cap is loosened.
  • the limiting structure In order to limit the movement in the up and down direction between the outer casing and the inner casing, the limiting structure includes a step end surface 15 and a limiting boss 17 disposed on the outer casing 1, a ratchet outer tooth 14 disposed on the inner casing 2, and a limit circumference 16 .
  • the upper end surface of the ratchet outer tooth 14 is located on the lower side of the step end surface 15, and the limit circumference 16 is located on the upper side of the limiting boss 17.
  • Two limits set on the inner casing 2 The structure is limited between the two position limiting structures provided on the outer casing 1, restricting the positional movement of the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2 in the up and down direction.
  • the limit convex 17 can be designed to be three to eight, and in this case, four are designed to be evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the outer casing 1.
  • the ratchet inner tooth 13 and the cantilever distal end of the ratchet outer tooth 14 are in zero gap contact, which restricts the radial positional movement of the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner circumferential surface of the inner casing 2 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1 have a small clearance design. .
  • a convex rib 25 is provided on the inner wall of the outer casing 1 to ensure that the vent hole 24 is open to the atmosphere.
  • the distance between the rib 25 and the limit circumference 16 on the inner casing 2 is small or zero-gap, which can reduce the sway between the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Abstract

一种通用汽油机油箱盖，包括外壳（1）、内壳（2）和位于内壳（2）上端面的密封盖（3），外壳（1）与内壳（2）之间通过棘轮机构和限位机构连接，在内壳（2）的上部腔室内设置有将上部腔室有外至内分割为第一吸附腔（4）、第二吸附腔（5）和第三吸附腔（6）的第一隔板（7）和第二隔板（8），在第一吸附腔（4）和第二吸附腔（5）内设置有碳颗粒（10），在第三吸附腔（6）内设置有泡沫（11），在第一隔板（7）的底部设置有连通第三吸附腔（6）和油箱的第一通气孔（12），在第一吸附腔（4）底部设置有使第一吸附腔（4）与外界大气相通的第二通气孔（32）。该油箱盖能防止燃油蒸发气体直接排放到大气中。

Description

一种通用汽油机油箱盖
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种通用汽油机， 特别是一种通用汽油机油箱 背景技术
现有的通机油箱盖主要包括外壳， 卡锁座、 塑料盘、 卡锁片、 油箱内盖， 外壳与卡锁座通过铆接固定， 卡锁座与外壳之间支 撑有一塑料盘， 塑料盘的下端腔内设有一油箱内盖， 卡锁座的 下端固定连接有一个卡锁片， 塑料盘上端设有多条凸筋， 凸筋 上设置有通气缺口， 塑料盘、 油箱内盖、 卡锁座、 卡锁片上分 别设有通气小孔， 油箱被盖住后， 油箱腔内通过这些通气小孔 与大气相通。 当通机工作时， 大气从外壳和卡锁座之间的缝隙 依次通过塑料盘、 油箱内盖、 卡锁座、 卡锁片上的通气小孔进 入油箱内， 补充油箱内的气压， 以保证油箱内的汽油能够正常 供给通机； 当通机停止工作时， 油箱内的汽油蒸汽又能够依次 通过这些通气小孔， 直接排向大气。 并且， 当通机倾斜角度过 大或倾斜时， 油箱内的汽油还会沿着这条通气通道流出， 不但 会造成汽油浪费， 而且还污染了环境。 为了解决汽油的挥发直 接排放至大气和倾倒时汽油泄露的问题， 许多厂商采用了碳罐 和倾倒阀， 但是由于碳罐和倾倒阀为各自独立的零件， 使得装 配较为复杂， 增加了制造成本。
实用新型内容 本实用新型的目的是提供一种防止燃油挥发气体直接排放 至大气中的通用汽油机油箱盖。
本实用新型的目的是通过这样的技术方案实现的，一种通用 汽油机油箱盖， 包括外壳、 内壳和位于内壳上端面的密封盖， 其特征 是： 所述外壳与内壳之间通过棘轮机构和限位机构连接， 在内壳的上 部腔室内设置有将上部腔室由外至内分割为第一吸附腔、 第二吸附腔 和第三吸附腔的隔板 I和隔板 II， 所述在第一吸附腔和第二吸附腔内 均设置有细小碳颗粒，在第三吸附腔内设置有泡沬，所述在隔板 I的底 部设置有连通第三吸附腔和油箱的通气孔 I，在第一吸附腔底部设置有 使第一吸附腔与外界大气相通的通气孔 II。 所述第一吸附腔和第二吸 附腔等结构的设计， 增加了气体的通过路径， 增加了吸附效果。
所述在第二吸附腔内设置有支撑盖，该支撑盖将隔板 II套入支撑 盖内腔，所述支撑盖的凸台下端面上，沿圆周设置有均匀分布的网格， 所述网格的内侧圆周高度低于外侧圆周高度，在网格内均设置有进气 孔， 燃油挥发气体经过第三吸附腔、 隔板 II和支撑盖壁之间的空隙、 支撑盖底部的进气孔均匀进入装有细小碳颗粒的第二吸附腔内。
为了防止细小碳颗粒遗漏至外界或油箱，所述在第一吸附腔和第 二吸附腔内分别设置有通气垫 I和通气垫 II，所述通气垫 I位于第一 吸附腔底部， 所述通气垫 II套入支撑盖的凸台上。
上述支撑盖上的进气孔为整圆周设计，通气垫 II下方为整圆周的 空腔设计， 及内壳上的隔板 I与密封盖之间设计有通气间隙， 有利于 燃油挥发气体沿圆周发散状均匀的流通，增加了细小碳颗粒的吸附效 果。
为了准确的判断油箱盖在拧紧时是否到位，所述棘轮结构包括设 置在外壳上的棘轮内齿和设置在内壳上且与棘轮内齿相配合的棘轮 外齿， 所述棘轮内齿与棘轮外齿在拧紧方向的受力面具有斜度， 拧松 方向的受力面为直面。 本实用新型中， 棘轮外齿为渐开线形状， 即从 齿根到齿尖方向与外壳内壁之间的距离逐渐缩小，因棘轮外齿越靠近 根部， 变形量越小， 拧紧时， 避免棘轮内齿与棘轮外齿的根部接触， 因根部变形小， 拧紧到位后棘轮内齿不容易跳过棘轮外齿。
为了限制外壳与内壳之间的上下方向的移动，限位结构包括设置 在外壳上的台阶端面及限位凸台，设置在内壳上的棘轮外齿及限位圆 周。棘轮外齿上端面位于台阶端面下侧，限位圆周位于限位凸台上侧。
所述限位机构包括在外壳的内壁中部与外壳为一体且向内突出 的台阶端面、设置在内壳外壁下部上的限位圆周和设置在外壳内壁上 的限位凸台， 外壳与内壳旋紧后， 所述限位圆周位于限位凸台的上端 面， 所述棘轮齿和棘轮位于台阶端面下端面。
为了受力平衡， 所述限位凸台为两个以上， 均匀分布在外壳内壁 的圆周上。
为了限制外壳与内壳之间的径向方向移动，棘轮内齿与棘轮外齿 的悬臂远端为零间隙接触设计，及内壳的限位圆周外圆面与外壳内壁 之间的距离设计较小的间隙，两种方案均可限制外壳与内壳径向方向 的位置晃动。
在第一吸附腔的底部设置有支撑筋， 所述通气垫 I 位于支撑筋 上， 这样在通气垫 I的下方形成了圆环状的空腔， 这样气体通道更通 畅， 该空腔与大气相通。
所述外壳内壁上设置了凸出的筋， 保证了通气孔与大气相通， 该 筋与内壳上的限位圆周距离很小或零间隙设计，可减小内壳与外壳之 间的晃动。
所述在第一吸附腔和第二吸附腔内的细小碳颗粒和密封盖的 下表面之间设置有泡沬压盖。 泡沬压盖被密封盖适度压紧并变 形， 将细小碳颗粒适度压紧在第一、 二吸附腔内， 防止细小碳 颗粒在第一、 二吸附腔与密封盖之间的晃动。
本实用新型具有结构设计巧妙、 装配方便、 成本较低的优 点， 能有效防止燃油挥发气体直接排放至大气中， 而且在油箱 盖拧紧到位后， 能够得到准确的判断。
附图说明
图 1为本实用新型拆分图；
图 2为本实用新型装配图；
图 3为本实用新型外壳结构示意图；
图 4为本实用新型内壳结构示意图；
图 5为本实用新型棘轮齿和棘轮啮合状态图；
图 6为本实用新型支撑盖结构示意图。
图中， 件 1为外壳， 件 2为内壳， 件 3为密封盖， 件 4为第 一吸附腔， 件 5为第二吸附腔， 件 6为第三吸附腔， 件 7为隔板 I， 件 8为隔板 II， 件 9为支撑盖， 件 10为细小碳颗粒， 件 11为泡 沬， 件 12为通气孔 I， 件 13为棘轮内齿， 件 14为棘轮外齿， 件 15为台阶端面， 件 16为限位圆周， 件 17为限位凸台， 件 18为通 气垫 I， 件 19为通气垫 II， 件 20为凸台， 件 21 为网格， 件 22 为进气孔， 件 23为支撑筋， 件 24为通气孔， 件 25为筋， 件 26 为泡沬压盖。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作进一步详细 的说明， 但本实用新型并不局限于这些实施方式， 任何在本实 施例基本精神上的改进或替代， 仍属于本实用新型权利要求所 要求保护的范围。
如图 1、 2所示， 一种通用汽油机油箱盖， 包括外壳 1、 内壳 2 和位于内壳 2上端面的密封盖 3， 所述外壳 1与内壳 2之间通过棘轮 结构和限位结构进行扭力控制，在内壳 2的上部腔室内设置有将上部 腔室由外至内分割为第一吸附腔 4、 第二吸附腔 5和第三吸附腔 6的 隔板 17和隔板 118， 隔板 17与密封盖 3之间设置通气间隙， 所述在 第二吸附腔 5内设置有支撑盖 9， 该支撑盖 9的内腔套入隔板 Π 8的 外壁， 支撑盖 9的内腔与隔板 Π 8的外壁圆周之间设置通气间隙。 所 述在第一吸附腔 4和第二吸附腔 5内均设置有细小碳颗粒 10,在第三 吸附腔 6内设置有泡沬 11， 所述在第三吸附腔 6的底部设置有连通 第三吸附腔 6和油箱的通气孔 112， 在第一吸附腔 4底部设置有第一 吸附腔 4与外界大气相通的通气孔 1124。通过通气孔 1124， 使得燃油 箱与大气相通， 保证了燃油箱内不会形成负压， 使燃油顺利的进入到 化油器， 保证通用汽油机正常工作时的燃油供给。 所述第一吸附腔 4 和第二吸附腔 5等结构的设计， 增加了气体的通过路径， 增加了吸附 效果。 在第一吸附腔 4、 第二吸附腔 5的顶部， 密封盖 3的下端 之间设置有泡沬压盖 26，细小碳颗粒 10装入第一、二吸附腔后， 顶部装泡沬压盖 26， 再装配密封盖 3。 泡沬压盖 26被密封盖 3适 度压紧并变形，将细小碳颗粒 10适度压紧在第一、二吸附腔内， 防止细小碳颗粒 10在第一、 二吸附腔与密封盖 3之间的晃动。
燃油挥发气体的具体路线， 可参见图 2。 通用汽油机工作时， 燃 油颗粒飞溅至油箱盖处， 油箱盖内的泡沬 11可进行吸收。 当通用汽 油机静止或工作时，都会有燃油挥发气体，该气体通过第三吸附腔 6、 隔板 II 8和支撑盖壁之间的空隙、 支撑盖底部的进气孔 22均匀进入 装有细小碳颗粒的第二吸附腔和第一吸附腔 4， 经过第二吸附腔 5和 第一吸附腔 4中的细小碳颗粒 10的吸附， 使得燃油挥发气体不能进 入到空气中。 当通用汽油机工作时， 油箱内的油面逐渐下降， 外界空 气可以沿燃油挥发时路径相反的方向进入油箱内，同时能将部分已吸 附在碳颗粒上的燃油气体带入， 即脱离吸附。
所述在第一吸附腔 4的底部设置有通气垫 118， 可防止碳颗粒遗 漏至外界大气中， 在第二吸附腔 5的底部设置有通气垫 II 19， 所述通 气垫 II 19套入支撑盖 9的凸台 20上，这样可防止碳颗粒遗漏至油箱。 通气垫 118和通气垫 II 19能够使气体自由的通过。
如图 6所示， 所述在支撑盖 9的凸台 20下端面上沿圆周设置有 均匀分布的网格 21， 所述网格 21的内圆周高度低于外圆周高度， 在 网格 21内均设置有进气孔 22。 这样做， 可以使得燃油挥发气体沿圆 周发散方向均匀的进入到内壳 2的上部腔室中。
在第一吸附腔 4的底部设置有支撑筋 23， 所述通气垫 118位于 支撑筋 23上。 这样在通气垫 118与第一吸附腔 4之间形成整圆周的 空腔， 以便于气体通道更加通畅。
内壳 1上的隔板 17与密封盖 3之间为间隙设计， 隔板 Π 8与支 撑盖 9之间设置有通气间隙， 有利于气流均匀、 通畅。
如图 3、 4、 5所示， 所述棘轮结构包括设置在外壳 1内壁上的棘 轮内齿 13和设置在内壳 2外壁上且与棘轮内齿 13相配合的棘轮外齿 14， 所述棘轮外齿 14与棘轮齿内 13在拧紧时的受力面具有斜度， 拧 松时的受力面为直面。
本实施例中， 对油箱盖拧紧到位后， 其内壳 2不再转动， 继续转 动外壳 1， 随着外力的增大， 因受力面为斜面， 棘轮外齿 14受力发 生变形， 棘轮内齿 13跳过棘轮外齿 14， 棘轮外齿 14随后回位， 回 位时与棘轮内齿 13快速接触， 发出 "咔咔 "声， 由此判定油箱盖已 拧紧到位。 拧松时， 反方向转动外壳 1， 棘轮内齿 13直面部位带动 内壳 2 棘轮外齿 14上的直面部位， 内齿 13发生转动， 油箱盖被拧 松。
为了限制外壳与内壳之间的上下方向的移动，限位结构包括设置 在外壳 1上的台阶端面 15及限位凸台 17， 设置在内壳 2上的棘轮外 齿 14及限位圆周 16。 旋紧后， 棘轮外齿 14上端面位于台阶端面 15 下侧， 限位圆周 16位于限位凸台 17上侧。 内壳 2上设置的两处限位 结构被限制在外壳 1上设置的两处限位结构之间， 限制了外壳 1与 内壳 2上下方向的位置移动。
为了使得受力均匀， 所述限位凸圆 17可以设计为三至八个， 本 案例设计为四个， 均匀分布在外壳 1内壁的圆周上。
棘轮内齿 13与棘轮外齿 14的悬臂远端为零间隙接触，限制了外 壳 1与内壳 2径向位置移动， 内壳 2的限位圆周 16外圆面与外壳 1 内壁为小间隙设计。为防止零间隙， 在外壳 1内壁上设置了凸出的筋 25， 保证了通气孔 24与大气相通。 筋 25与内壳 2上的限位圆周 16 距离很小或零间隙设计， 可减小内壳 2与外壳 1之间的晃动。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种通用汽油机油箱盖， 包括外壳 （1)、 内壳 （2) 和位于内 壳 （2) 上端面的密封盖 （3)， 其特征是： 所述外壳 （1) 与内壳 （2) 之间通过棘轮机构和限位机构连接， 在内壳（2) 的上部腔室内设置有 将上部腔室由外至内分割为第一吸附腔 （4)、 第二吸附腔 （5) 和第三 吸附腔 （6) 的隔板 I (7) 和隔板 II (8)， 所述在第一吸附腔 （4) 和 第二吸附腔（5) 内均设置有细小碳颗粒 （10) ，在第三吸附腔 〔6) 内 设置有泡沫（11)，所述在隔板 I (7)的底部设置有连通第三吸附腔（6) 和油箱的通气孔 I 〔12)， 在第一吸附腔（4)底部设置有使第一吸附腔
(4) 与外界大气相通的通气孔 II (24)。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述在 第二吸附腔 （5) 内设置有支撑盖 （9)， 该支撑盖 （9)将隔板 II (8) 套入支撑盖 〔9) 内腔， 所述在支撑盖 （9) 的凸台 〔20)下端面上沿 圆周设置有均匀分布的网格 （21)， 所述网格 （21) 的内侧高度低于 外侧高度， 在网格 (21) 内均设置有进气孔 （22)。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述在 第一吸附腔 （4) 和第二吸附腔 （5) 内分别设置有通气垫 I (18) 和 通气垫 II (19)， 所述通气垫 I (18) 位于第一吸附腔 （4) 底部， 所 述通气垫 II (19) 套入支撑盖 （9) 的凸台 （20) 上。
4、如权利要求 1至 3任一所述的通用汽油机油箱盖，其特征是： 所述棘轮结构包括设置在外壳 （1) 内壁上的棘轮内齿 （13) 和设置 在内壳（2)外壁上且与棘轮内齿（13)相配合的棘轮外齿（14)， 所 述棘轮外齿（14)与棘轮内齿（13)的拧紧方向受力结合面具有斜度， 拧松方向的受力结合面为直面， 棘轮外齿（14)为渐开线形状， 即从 齿根到齿尖方向与外壳内壁之间的距离逐渐缩小。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述限 位机构包括在外壳（1) 的内壁中部与外壳（1)为一体且向内突出的 台阶端面 （15)、 设置在内壳（2)外壁下部上的限位圆周 （16)和设 置在外壳（1) 内壁上的限位凸台 （17)， 所述限位圆周 （16)位于限 位凸台 （17) 的上端面， 所述棘轮齿 （14) 和棘轮 （13)位于台阶端 面 （15) 下端面。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述限 位凸台 （17) 为两个以上， 均匀分布在外壳 （1) 内壁的圆周上。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述棘 轮内齿 （13) 与棘轮外齿 （14) 的悬臂远端相接触， 内壳 （2) 的限 位圆周 （16) 外圆面与外壳 （1) 内壁具有小间隙。
8、 如 权利要求 7所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述 第一吸附腔（4) 的底部设置有支撑筋（23)， 所述通气垫 I (18)位 于支撑筋 （23) 上。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述外 壳（1)内壁上设置了凸出的筋（25)，保证了通气孔 (24)与大气相通。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的通用汽油机油箱盖， 其特征是： 所述细 小碳颗粒与密封盖（3)的下表面之间设置有泡沬压盖（26)。
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