WO2012157909A1 - 신규한 화합물 반도체 및 그 활용 - Google Patents
신규한 화합물 반도체 및 그 활용 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012157909A1 WO2012157909A1 PCT/KR2012/003732 KR2012003732W WO2012157909A1 WO 2012157909 A1 WO2012157909 A1 WO 2012157909A1 KR 2012003732 W KR2012003732 W KR 2012003732W WO 2012157909 A1 WO2012157909 A1 WO 2012157909A1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
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- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
- C01B19/002—Compounds containing, besides selenium or tellurium, more than one other element, with -O- and -OH not being considered as anions
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- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
- C01G55/002—Compounds containing, besides ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel compound semiconductor material that can be used for solar cells, thermoelectric materials and the like, a method for producing the same, and a use thereof.
- Compound A semiconductor is a compound which acts as a semiconductor by combining two or more elements rather than a single element such as silicon or germanium.
- Various kinds of such compound semiconductors are currently developed and used in various fields.
- a compound semiconductor may be used in a thermoelectric conversion element using a Peltier effect, a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode or a laser diode using the photoelectric conversion effect, and a solar cell.
- thermoelectric conversion element may be applied to thermoelectric conversion power generation, thermoelectric conversion cooling, etc.
- thermoelectric conversion power generation uses a thermoelectric power generated by providing a temperature difference to the thermoelectric conversion element, and converts thermal energy into electrical energy. to be.
- thermoelectric conversion element The energy conversion efficiency of such a thermoelectric conversion element depends on ZT, which is a figure of merit value of the thermoelectric conversion material.
- ZT is determined according to Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and more specifically, is proportional to the square of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity and inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity. Therefore, in order to increase the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric conversion element, it is necessary to develop a thermoelectric conversion material having a high Seebeck coefficient or high electrical conductivity or low thermal conductivity.
- the solar cell is a tandem solar cell in which two or more layers of a silicon solar cell mainly using a single element of silicon, a compound semiconductor solar cell using a compound semiconductor, and a solar cell having different bandgap energy are stacked. And the like.
- compound semiconductor solar cells use compound semiconductors in the light absorption layer that absorbs sunlight to generate electron-hole pairs.
- group III-V compound semiconductors such as GaAs, InP, GaAlAs, GaInAs, CdS, CdTe, Group II-VI compound semiconductors, such as ZnS, the group I-III-VI compound semiconductor represented by CuInSe 2 , etc. can be used.
- the light absorbing layer of the solar cell is required to be excellent in long-term electrical and optical stability, high in photoelectric conversion efficiency, and to easily control band gap energy or conductivity by changing composition or doping.
- requirements such as manufacturing cost and yield must also be satisfied.
- many conventional compound semiconductors do not meet all of these requirements together.
- thermoelectric conversion materials such as thermoelectric conversion materials, solar cells, etc. of thermoelectric conversion elements
- thermoelectrics using the same It aims at providing a conversion element, a solar cell, etc.
- the present inventors have succeeded in synthesizing the compound semiconductor represented by the following formula (1) after repeated studies on the compound semiconductor, and the compound is a thermoelectric conversion material of a thermoelectric conversion element, a light absorbing layer of a solar cell, It was confirmed that it can be used to complete the present invention.
- M is Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy At least one selected from the group consisting of Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt, and X is Si At least one selected from the group consisting of Ga, Ge, and Sn, and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 9, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 3 and 0 ⁇ n + z + b ⁇ 12.
- x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.25.
- x and y may be 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1.
- n and z may be 0 ⁇ n + z ⁇ 9.
- the compound semiconductor manufacturing method according to the present invention for achieving the above object, In, Co, Sb and Te, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Mix any one or two or more elements thereof or oxides thereof selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu Making; And heat treating the mixture formed in the mixing step.
- the mixture formed in the mixing step further includes any one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt or two or more elements thereof or oxides thereof.
- the mixture formed in the mixing step may further include any one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, Ge, and Sn or two or more elements thereof or oxides thereof.
- the heat treatment step is performed at 400 °C to 800 °C.
- the heat treatment step may include two or more heat treatment steps.
- thermoelectric conversion element according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes the compound semiconductor described above.
- the solar cell according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes the compound semiconductor described above.
- a novel compound semiconductor material is provided.
- such a novel compound semiconductor can be used as another material in place of or in addition to the conventional compound semiconductor.
- thermoelectric conversion performance of the compound semiconductor is good, it can be usefully used in the thermoelectric conversion element.
- the compound semiconductor according to the present invention may be improved in the thermal conductivity characteristics, ZT value of the thermoelectric performance index can be improved. Therefore, in the case of the compound semiconductor according to the present invention, it can be suitably used as a thermoelectric conversion material of the thermoelectric conversion element.
- a compound semiconductor may be used in a solar cell.
- the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be used as a light absorption layer of a solar cell.
- the compound semiconductor may be used in an IR window, an infrared sensor, a magnetic element, a memory, etc. for selectively passing infrared rays.
- 1 is a graph illustrating thermal conductivity values according to temperature changes of compound semiconductors of Examples and Comparative Examples manufactured according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides a novel compound semiconductor represented by the following formula (1).
- M is Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy At least one selected from the group consisting of Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt, and X is Si At least one selected from the group consisting of Ga, Ge, and Sn.
- x, y, m, n, z, a and b are 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 9, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 3 and 0 ⁇ n + z + b ⁇ 12 are satisfied.
- x may satisfy a range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.25.
- x and y may satisfy a range of 0 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1.
- n and z may satisfy 0 ⁇ n + z ⁇ 9.
- a may satisfy a range of 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.5.
- b may satisfy a range of 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.
- b in Formula 1 satisfies the range of 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5.
- n, z, and b may satisfy a range of 0 ⁇ n + z + b ⁇ 3.
- the compound semiconductor represented by Formula 1 may include a part of the secondary phase, the amount may vary depending on the heat treatment conditions.
- the compound semiconductors described above include In, Co, Sb, and Te, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm Forming a mixture including any one selected from the group consisting of Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, or an oxide thereof or an oxide thereof; And heat-treating the mixture.
- the mixture may further include any one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt or two or more elements thereof or oxides thereof.
- the mixture may further include any one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, Ge, and Sn or two or more elements thereof or oxides thereof.
- each raw material mixed in the mixture forming step may be in powder form, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to the specific type of such mixed raw material.
- the heat treatment step may be performed while flowing a gas such as Ar, He, N 2 , which contains a part of hydrogen or does not include hydrogen, in a vacuum.
- the heat treatment temperature may be 400 °C to 800 °C.
- the heat treatment temperature may be 450 °C to 700 °C. More preferably, the heat treatment temperature may be 500 °C to 650 °C.
- the heat treatment step may include two or more heat treatment steps.
- the mixture formed in the step of forming the mixture that is, mixing the raw materials, may be subjected to a first heat treatment at a first temperature, and then to a second heat treatment at a second temperature.
- some heat treatment steps of the plurality of heat treatment steps may be performed in the mixture forming step of mixing the raw materials.
- the heat treatment step may include three heat treatment steps of a first heat treatment step, a second heat treatment step, and a third heat treatment (sintering) step.
- the first heat treatment step may be performed at a temperature range of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- the second heat treatment step and the third heat treatment step may be performed at a temperature range of 600 ° C. to 800 ° C.
- FIG. the first heat treatment step may be performed during the mixture formation step of mixing the raw materials, and the second heat treatment step and the third heat treatment step may be sequentially performed thereafter.
- thermoelectric conversion element according to the present invention may include the compound semiconductor described above. That is, the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be used as a thermoelectric conversion material of the thermoelectric conversion element.
- the compound semiconductor according to the present invention has a large ZT which is a figure of merit of a thermoelectric conversion material.
- the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity are high, and the thermal conductivity is low, so the thermoelectric conversion performance is excellent. Therefore, the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be usefully used in a thermoelectric conversion element in place of or in addition to a conventional thermoelectric conversion material.
- the solar cell according to the present invention may include the compound semiconductor described above. That is, the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be used as a light absorbing layer of solar cells, in particular solar cells.
- the solar cell can be manufactured in a structure in which a front transparent electrode, a buffer layer, a light absorbing layer, a back electrode, a substrate, and the like are sequentially stacked from the side where sunlight is incident.
- the bottommost substrate may be made of glass, and the back electrode formed on the entire surface may be formed by depositing a metal such as Mo.
- the light absorbing layer may be formed by stacking the compound semiconductor according to the present invention on the back electrode by an electron beam deposition method, a sol-gel method, or a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method.
- PLD pulsed laser deposition
- the buffer layer may be formed of a material such as CdS (Chemical Bath Deposition). It can be formed by depositing in the manner of.
- a front transparent electrode may be formed on the buffer layer by a layered film of ZnO or ZnO and ITO by sputtering or the like.
- the solar cell according to the present invention may be variously modified.
- stacked the solar cell using the compound semiconductor which concerns on this invention as a light absorption layer can be manufactured.
- stacked in this way can use the solar cell using silicon or another known compound semiconductor.
- the band gap of the compound semiconductor of the present invention by changing the band gap of the compound semiconductor of the present invention, a plurality of solar cells using compound semiconductors having different band gaps as light absorbing layers can be laminated.
- the band gap of the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be controlled by changing the composition ratio of the constituent elements constituting the compound, in particular Te.
- the compound semiconductor according to the present invention may be applied to an infrared window (IR window) or an infrared sensor for selectively passing infrared rays.
- IR window infrared window
- infrared sensor for selectively passing infrared rays.
- Co and Sb were prepared as reagents, and these were mixed well using mortar to prepare a mixture of In 0.25 Co 4 Sb 12 composition in pellet form. Then, heating was performed at 500 ° C. for 15 hours while flowing H 2 (1.94%) and N 2 gas, and the temperature increase time was 1 hour 30 minutes. The mixed materials were put in a silica tube and vacuum sealed and heated at 650 ° C. for 36 hours, but the temperature rise time was 1 hour 30 minutes to obtain In 0.25 Co 4 Sb 12 powder.
- the compound semiconductor of the embodiment represented by In 0.25 Zn 0.1 Co 3.6 Rh 0.3 Sb 10.2 Sn 0.5 Te is compared with the compound semiconductor of the comparative example represented by In 0.25 Co 4 Sb 12 . It can be seen that the thermal conductivity ⁇ is significantly low over the entire temperature measurement interval.
- the ZT value which is a thermoelectric performance index, may be expressed as follows.
- ⁇ electrical conductivity
- S Seebeck coefficient
- T temperature
- ⁇ thermal conductivity
- the compound semiconductor according to the present invention Since the compound semiconductor according to the present invention has low thermal conductivity, the ZT value may be improved. Therefore, the compound semiconductor according to the present invention can be said to have excellent thermoelectric performance, and can be very usefully used as a thermoelectric conversion material.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 반도체.<화학식 1>InxMyCo4-m-aAmSb12-n-z-bXnTez상기 화학식 1에서, M은 Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb 및 Lu으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 어느 하나 이상이고, A는 Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir 및 Pt로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 어느 하나 이상이며, X는 Si, Ga, Ge 및 Sn으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 어느 하나 이상이고, 0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0≤m≤1, 0≤n<9, 0<z≤2, 0≤a≤1, 0<b≤3 및 0<n+z+b<12이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화학식 1의 x는, 0<x≤0.25인 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화학식 1의 x 및 y는, 0<x+y≤1인 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화학식 1의 n 및 z는, 0<n+z<9인 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체.
- In, Co, Sb 및 Te와, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb 및 Lu으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 원소 또는 그 산화물을 포함하는 혼합물을 형성하는 단계; 및상기 혼합물을 열처리하는 단계를 포함하는 제1항의 화합물 반도체의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 혼합물은, Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir 및 Pt로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 원소 또는 그 산화물을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 혼합물은, Si, Ga, Ge 및 Sn으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 원소 또는 그 산화물을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 열처리 단계는, 400℃ 내지 800℃에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 열처리 단계는, 둘 이상의 열처리 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 화합물 반도체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물 반도체를 포함하는 열전 변환 소자.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물 반도체를 포함하는 태양 전지.
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EP12785800.9A EP2708500B1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-05-11 | Novel compound semiconductor and usage for same |
JP2014505094A JP5759616B2 (ja) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-05-11 | 新規な化合物半導体及びその活用 |
CN201280023009.3A CN103534200B (zh) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-05-11 | 化合物半导体及其用途 |
US13/617,064 US8658063B2 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-09-14 | Compound semiconductors and their application |
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KR20110049609 | 2011-05-25 | ||
KR10-2011-0049609 | 2011-05-25 | ||
KR1020120050258A KR101366712B1 (ko) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-05-11 | 신규한 화합물 반도체 및 그 활용 |
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TW201309593A (zh) | 2013-03-01 |
KR20120127301A (ko) | 2012-11-21 |
EP2708500A4 (en) | 2015-03-25 |
US8658063B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
JP2014522358A (ja) | 2014-09-04 |
CN103534200B (zh) | 2017-02-08 |
KR101366712B1 (ko) | 2014-02-24 |
EP2708500A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
CN103534200A (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
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