WO2012144299A1 - Outil de coupe - Google Patents

Outil de coupe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012144299A1
WO2012144299A1 PCT/JP2012/057898 JP2012057898W WO2012144299A1 WO 2012144299 A1 WO2012144299 A1 WO 2012144299A1 JP 2012057898 W JP2012057898 W JP 2012057898W WO 2012144299 A1 WO2012144299 A1 WO 2012144299A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
coating layer
thickness
ratio
cutting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/057898
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和範 石川
Original Assignee
京セラ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to DE112012001830.3T priority Critical patent/DE112012001830B4/de
Priority to CN201280018586.3A priority patent/CN103476527B/zh
Priority to JP2012540619A priority patent/JP5153969B2/ja
Publication of WO2012144299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012144299A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutting tool in which a coating layer is formed on the surface of a substrate.
  • Cutting tools are required to have wear resistance, welding resistance, and fracture resistance. Therefore, cutting tools having various coating layers formed on the surface of a hard substrate such as a WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet are widely used.
  • a TiCN layer or a TiAlN layer is generally widely used, but various coating layers are being developed for the purpose of improving higher wear resistance and fracture resistance.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a hard coating structure in which four or more TiCN coating layers and TiAlCN coating layers are alternately adjacent to each other.
  • patent document 2 in the coating layer in which the A layer made of TiNbSiN and the B layer made of TiAlN are alternately laminated, the coating structure in which the period of the A layer and the B layer is changed in the thickness direction of the coating layer It is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which the lamination cycle in the lower layer and the lamination cycle in the upper layer are changed in a coating layer in which two types of TiMCN thin layers are alternately laminated at a constant cycle.
  • Patent Document 4 describes a configuration in which the laminating period on the rake face and the laminating period on the flank face are entirely changed in the repeated laminated structure of TiN and AlN.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool including a coating layer that can optimize cutting performance on a rake face and a flank face.
  • the coating layer has an alternating layered structure of layer A (TiN) and layer B (Ti 1-a M a (C 1-x N x )), and the A layer in the coating layer on the rake face
  • the ratio of the thickness to the B layer (t rA / t rB ) was made larger than the ratio of the thickness of the A layer and the B layer in the coating layer on the flank (t fA / t fB ). That is, it is recognized that the A layer (TiN) is generally lower in hardness and inferior in wear resistance than the B layer (Ti 1-a M a (C 1-x N x )).
  • FIG. 1 An example of the cutting tool of the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 and the enlarged cross-sectional view of the coating layer on (a) the rake face and (b) the flank face of FIG.
  • an A layer 7 made of TiN and Ti 1-a M a (C 1-x N x ) (where M is a periodic table excluding Ti, 4 and 5) , At least one selected from Group 6 metals, Al, Si and Y, 0.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.9, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, hereinafter referred to as TiM (CN)).
  • TiM TiM
  • the coating layer 6 is formed by alternately and periodically laminating the layers 8 and has a rake face 3 and a flank face 4.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3 is such that the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 on the flank 4
  • the structure is larger than the thickness ratio (t fA / t fB ).
  • a desirable range of the ratio (t rA / t rB ) is 1.5 to 1.9, and a desirable range of the ratio (t fA / t fB ) is 1.0 to 1.4.
  • the ratio (t rA / t rB ) / (t fA / t fB ) between the ratio (t rA / t rB ) and the ratio (t fA / t fB ) is 1.2 to 1.9.
  • a desirable range of t rA is 41 ⁇ 60 nm
  • t fA of desirable range 35 ⁇ 42 nm preferably in the range of t rB is 20 ⁇ 35 nm.
  • the covering layer 6 having a structure in which the A layer 7 (TiN) and the B layer 8 (TiM (C) N) are alternately and repeatedly stacked is either a single layer of the A layer 7 or a single layer of the B layer 8.
  • the hardness is also high, and the oxidation resistance at high temperatures is also improved.
  • the thickness ratio of the A layer 7 is high on the rake face 3, and the effect of suppressing the progress of crater wear is high.
  • the thickness ratio of the B layer 8 having excellent wear resistance against rubbing wear is high.
  • the flank 4 has high wear resistance. As a result, the wear at each part of the cutting tool 1 can be optimized, and the life of the cutting tool can be increased.
  • the calculation method of the ratio of the thickness of the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 is 20 or more (10 layers) in which the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 are continuous with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
  • the covering layer 6 is observed for the above regions.
  • the thickness of each layer is measured about 10 layers or more of each of the A layer 7 and the B layer 8.
  • the thickness of the A layer 7 and the thickness of the B layer 8 are totaled, and the ratio is calculated.
  • the thicknesses of the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 are basically the same in each layer, but are formed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as an ion plating method or a sputtering method described later.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the thickness of each layer may slightly change as the distance to the target and the direction to the target change depending on the rotation state of the substrate 2.
  • the change in thickness periodically changes with a periodic change in the position of each substrate in the rotation state of the substrate
  • the thickness ratio (t cA / t cB ) between the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 in the cutting edge 5 is such that the A layer 7 and the B layer 8 in the coating layer 6 on the flank 4 It is desirable to be larger than the ratio of thickness (t fA / t fB ).
  • a desirable range of the ratio (t cA / t cB ) is 1.5 to 1.95.
  • a desirable range of t cA is 41 to 60 nm, and a desirable range of t cB is 32 to 40 nm.
  • the total film thickness Tr of the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3 is thicker than the total film thickness Tf of the coating layer 6 on the flank face 4. This is desirable because the balance of wear between the rake face 3 and the flank face 4 can be optimized.
  • a desirable range of the ratio T r / T f of the total film thickness T r of the covering layer 6 on the rake face 3 and the total film thickness T f of the covering layer 6 on the flank face 4 is 1.1 to 1.5.
  • a desirable thickness of T r and T f varies depending on cutting conditions, but a desirable range of T r is 5.8 to 10 ⁇ m, and a desirable range of T f is 3.0 to 6.5 ⁇ m.
  • the metal M is composed of at least one selected from Group 4, 5, 6 metals of the periodic table excluding Ti, Al, Si, and Y. Among them, one of Al, Nb, Si, Cr, and W It is desirable to contain the above in order to improve the oxidation resistance of the coating layer 6.
  • the content ratio of each element in the coating layer 6 can be measured by using an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyzer provided in the electron microscope measurement device, and the Ti content ratio in the coating layer 6 Is calculated by the ratio of the sum of the peak intensities of each element to the peak intensity of the Ti element.
  • EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
  • the peak of the L ⁇ ray of Ti (energy around 0.4 keV) in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis method cannot be accurately measured because it overlaps with the K ⁇ ray peak of the N element.
  • the Ti K ⁇ line peak (energy around 4.5 keV) is used to determine the Ti content, and the amount From the above, the content ratios of other metal elements are calculated. Further, according to the present invention, when measuring a metal element, the average value is obtained based on measured values at five or more arbitrary locations of the coating layer.
  • C and N which are non-metallic components of the coating layer 6 are excellent in hardness and toughness required for the cutting tool 1, in order to suppress excessive generation of droplets generated on the surface of the coating layer 6.
  • X (N content ratio) is particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
  • the composition of the coating layer can be measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis or X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • tungsten carbide, a cemented carbide or cermet composed of a hard phase mainly composed of titanium carbonitride and a binder phase mainly composed of an iron group metal such as cobalt and nickel, silicon nitride, ,
  • Hard materials such as ceramics mainly composed of aluminum oxide, hard phases made of polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride, and bonded phases such as ceramics and iron group metals under super high pressure, etc. are preferably used.
  • a tool-shaped substrate is produced using a conventionally known method.
  • a coating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as an ion plating method or a sputtering method can be suitably applied as the coating layer forming method.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the details of an example of the film forming method will be described.
  • metal titanium (Ti) and metal M (where M is a Ti periodic table group 4, 5, 6 element) , One or more selected from Al, Si and Y) are used independently for a metal target or a composite alloy target.
  • the A target that constitutes the A layer and the B target that constitutes the B layer are arranged at positions preferably facing each other on the side wall surface of the chamber, and a target containing Ti metal or a compound separately.
  • the Ti target is set at the upper wall surface position near the A target of the chamber.
  • the composition of the formed coating layer and the ratio of the thickness can be made the configuration of the present invention.
  • a method for producing a target containing Ti metal or a compound it is more direct to use an alloy target obtained by melting and resolidifying a metal component than a sintered target obtained by mixing and baking metal powder. It is desirable in that a film can be formed.
  • the metal source is evaporated and ionized by arc discharge or glow discharge, and at the same time, nitrogen (N 2 ) gas as a nitrogen source or methane (CH 4 ) / acetylene (C) as a carbon source.
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • a coating layer is formed by an ion plating method or a sputtering method that reacts with 2 H 2 ) gas.
  • the base is set so that the flank face is substantially parallel to the side face of the chamber and the scoop face is substantially parallel to the upper face of the chamber.
  • a specific high hardness coating layer can be produced by applying an arc current in consideration of the crystal structure of the coating layer, It is preferable to apply a bias voltage of 30 to 200 V in order to improve the adhesion with the substrate.
  • the metal cobalt (Co) powder is 10% by mass and the chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) powder is 0.5% by mass. It added and mixed so that it might become 100 mass%, and it shape
  • the base is set in an arc ion plating apparatus equipped with the target shown in Table 1 so that the flank faces the side, the base is heated to 500 ° C., and the arc current shown in Table 1 is used to set Table 1.
  • the coating layer shown was deposited.
  • the main target used the sintering target by the sintering method which mixed and hardened each metal powder, and set two on the side wall surface of a chamber.
  • an alloy target or a sintered target obtained by once melting and re-solidifying each metal shown in Table 1 was set on the wall surface at the set position shown in Table 1 of the chamber.
  • the film forming conditions were a nitrogen gas in an atmosphere with a total pressure of 4 Pa and a bias voltage of 100V.
  • tissue observation is performed using the scanning electron microscope (VE8800) and transmission electron microscope by Keyence, and the property and film thickness ( Tr , Tc , Tf , t rA, t fA, t rB , was confirmed t fB).
  • the composition of the coating layer is quantitatively analyzed by the ZAF method, which is a type of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis method, at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV.
  • the composition of the coating layer was calculated for each of the face and the flank face. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
  • the field of view is determined at a magnification at which the thickness of the A layer and the B layer can be observed in an area including one cycle. did. And the thickness of the multiple layers A layer and B layer in this area
  • the total thicknesses T r and T f of the rake face and the flank are measured at a distance of 1 mm from the cutting edge, and the film thickness T c of the cutting edge is the thickness of the thickest part of the coating layer at the corner. It was.
  • Cutting test was done on the following cutting conditions using the obtained insert.
  • the results are shown in Table 3.
  • Cutting method Shoulder (milling) Work material: SKD11
  • Cutting speed 150 m / minute feed: 0.12 mm / blade cutting: lateral cutting 10 mm, depth cutting 3 mm
  • Cutting state Dry evaluation method: Number of impacts until cutting becomes impossible. The state of the cutting edge was observed every 100 impacts, and the state of the cutting edge immediately before cutting became impossible was confirmed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à pourvoir à un outil de coupe qui présente une couche de revêtement apte à optimiser la performance de coupe d'une face de coupe et d'un flanc principal. A cet effet, l'invention concerne un outil de coupe (1) qui comporte une couche de revêtement (6) qui est formée en superposant répétitivement en alternance sur une surface d'une base (22), des couches A (7) faites de TiN et des couches B (8) faites de Ti1-aMa(C1-xNx) (où M est fait d'au moins un élément choisi par les éléments du groupe de métal 4, 5, 6 de la classification périodique, à l'exception de Ti, et parmi Al, Si, et Y et (a) et (x) satisfont 0,1 ≤ a ≤ 0,9 et 0 ≤ x ≤ 1), le rapport (trA/trB) de l'épaisseur des couches A (7) relativement aux couches B (8) dans la couche de revêtement (6) sur la face de coupe (3) étant supérieur au rapport (tfA/tfB) de l'épaisseur des couches A (7) relativement aux couches B (8) dans la couche de revêtement (6) sur un flanc principal (4).
PCT/JP2012/057898 2011-04-22 2012-03-27 Outil de coupe WO2012144299A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112012001830.3T DE112012001830B4 (de) 2011-04-22 2012-03-27 Schneidwerkzeug
CN201280018586.3A CN103476527B (zh) 2011-04-22 2012-03-27 切削工具
JP2012540619A JP5153969B2 (ja) 2011-04-22 2012-03-27 切削工具

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011096262 2011-04-22
JP2011-096262 2011-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012144299A1 true WO2012144299A1 (fr) 2012-10-26

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PCT/JP2012/057898 WO2012144299A1 (fr) 2011-04-22 2012-03-27 Outil de coupe

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JP (1) JP5153969B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103476527B (fr)
DE (1) DE112012001830B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012144299A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014144506A (ja) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-14 Kyocera Corp 切削工具

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108723402A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-02 南通弘力机械制造有限公司 一种新式车床车刀
CN112836314B (zh) * 2021-02-24 2023-05-23 广州市工贸技师学院（广州市工贸高级技工学校） 一种基于nx的复杂曲面零件车削专用刀具设计方法

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JP2007253271A (ja) * 2006-03-22 2007-10-04 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 仕上げ面精度に優れる表面被覆立方晶窒化ほう素基超高圧焼結材料製切削工具
JP2008264975A (ja) * 2007-04-24 2008-11-06 Kyocera Corp 表面被覆切削工具
JP2008296290A (ja) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-11 Kyocera Corp 表面被覆切削工具
JP2010188512A (ja) * 2009-01-21 2010-09-02 Kyocera Corp 切削工具

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JP2979922B2 (ja) 1992-10-12 1999-11-22 住友電気工業株式会社 超薄膜積層部材
JP2638406B2 (ja) 1992-10-26 1997-08-06 神鋼コベルコツール株式会社 耐摩耗性多層型硬質皮膜構造
SE514737C2 (sv) * 1994-03-22 2001-04-09 Sandvik Ab Belagt skärverktyg av hårdmetall
DE102004010285A1 (de) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-29 Walter Ag Beschichtung für ein Schneidwerkzeug sowie Herstellungsverfahren
IL182344A (en) * 2007-04-01 2011-07-31 Iscar Ltd Cutting with a ceramic coating
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007253271A (ja) * 2006-03-22 2007-10-04 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 仕上げ面精度に優れる表面被覆立方晶窒化ほう素基超高圧焼結材料製切削工具
JP2008264975A (ja) * 2007-04-24 2008-11-06 Kyocera Corp 表面被覆切削工具
JP2008296290A (ja) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-11 Kyocera Corp 表面被覆切削工具
JP2010188512A (ja) * 2009-01-21 2010-09-02 Kyocera Corp 切削工具

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014144506A (ja) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-14 Kyocera Corp 切削工具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2012144299A1 (ja) 2014-07-28
JP5153969B2 (ja) 2013-02-27
CN103476527B (zh) 2016-02-10
DE112012001830B4 (de) 2021-07-22
CN103476527A (zh) 2013-12-25
DE112012001830T5 (de) 2014-02-06

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