WO2012133057A1 - Tôle d'acier à haute résistance présentant une excellente aptitude au façonnage, et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Tôle d'acier à haute résistance présentant une excellente aptitude au façonnage, et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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WO2012133057A1
WO2012133057A1 PCT/JP2012/057210 JP2012057210W WO2012133057A1 WO 2012133057 A1 WO2012133057 A1 WO 2012133057A1 JP 2012057210 W JP2012057210 W JP 2012057210W WO 2012133057 A1 WO2012133057 A1 WO 2012133057A1
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bainite
steel sheet
temperature range
temperature
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PCT/JP2012/057210
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
二村　裕一
道治 中屋
高行 木村
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株式会社神戸製鋼所
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Priority claimed from JP2011197671A external-priority patent/JP5685167B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2011197670A external-priority patent/JP5685166B2/ja
Application filed by 株式会社神戸製鋼所 filed Critical 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Priority to KR1020157009749A priority Critical patent/KR101604963B1/ko
Priority to EP12765664.3A priority patent/EP2695961B1/fr
Priority to US14/008,875 priority patent/US20140044988A1/en
Priority to KR1020137025521A priority patent/KR101574400B1/ko
Priority to CN201280015849.5A priority patent/CN103459638B/zh
Publication of WO2012133057A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012133057A1/fr
Priority to US15/239,858 priority patent/US20160355920A1/en

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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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    • C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
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    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite
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    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
    • Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more or 590 MPa or more and a method for producing the same.
  • a TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel plate is known as a steel plate having both strength and workability.
  • TRIP steel sheets TBF steel sheets containing bainitic ferrite as a parent phase and containing retained austenite (hereinafter sometimes referred to as residual ⁇ ) are known (Patent Documents 1 to 4).
  • residual ⁇ retained austenite
  • Patent Documents 1 to 4 high strength is obtained by the hard bainitic ferrite, and good elongation (EL) and stretch flangeability ( ⁇ ) are obtained by the fine residual ⁇ existing at the boundary of the bainitic ferrite.
  • Patent Documents 5 and 6 are known as techniques for improving stretchability and stretch flangeability to improve workability.
  • the martensite structure is utilized to increase the strength of the steel sheet, and the workability is improved by generating a predetermined amount of retained austenite.
  • Patent Document 6 the lower bainite structure and / or the martensite structure is utilized to increase the strength of the steel sheet, and workability is improved by generating a predetermined amount of retained austenite and tempered martensite.
  • the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is suppressed to 10% or less in order to ensure a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
  • Steel sheets that have both strength and workability include DP (Dual Phase) steel sheets whose structure is composed of ferrite and martensite, and TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) using transformation-induced plasticity of retained austenite (residual ⁇ ). ) Steel plates are known.
  • Patent Document 7 discloses a technique for improving the strength and workability (particularly, elongation) of a steel sheet by making the metal structure of the steel sheet a composite structure in which martensite and residual ⁇ are mixed in ferrite.
  • Patent Document 8 discloses a technique for improving the press formability of a TRIP steel sheet by improving the balance between strength (TS) and elongation (EL) (specifically, TS ⁇ EL).
  • the metal structure in order to improve the press formability, is a structure containing ferrite, residual ⁇ , bainite and / or martensite. This document describes that the residual ⁇ has an effect of improving the elongation of the steel sheet.
  • the metallographic structure of the steel sheet is made a structure containing residual ⁇ , so that the strength of the steel sheet can be increased and the elongation characteristics can be improved.
  • the present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned circumstances, and the purpose thereof is to improve the workability of both high elongation and local deformability of a high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more or 590 MPa or more.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent high-strength steel sheet and a method for producing the same.
  • the high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problems is, in mass%, C: 0.10 to 0.3%, Si: 1.0 to 3.0%, Mn: 1.5 to A steel plate containing 3%, Al: 0.005 to 3%, P: 0.1% or less, S: 0.05% or less, and the balance being iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the metal structure of the high-strength steel sheet includes bainite, polygonal ferrite, retained austenite, and tempered martensite. (1) When the metal structure is observed with a scanning electron microscope, (1a) the bainite is adjacent.
  • the polygonal ferrite has an area ratio c of 10 to In addition to satisfying 50%, (2) the volume fraction of the retained austenite measured by the saturation magnetization method is 5% or more with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • this high strength steel plate is sometimes referred to as a first high strength steel plate, and the first high strength steel plate satisfies a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet When the first high-strength steel sheet has an MA mixed phase in which quenched martensite and residual austenite are present when the metal structure is observed with an optical microscope, the first high-strength steel sheet is based on the total number of MA mixed phases.
  • the number ratio of the MA mixed phase satisfying the equivalent circle diameter d of more than 7 ⁇ m in the observation cross section is preferably less than 15% (including 0%).
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the first high-strength steel plate as another element, (A) Cr: 1% or less (not including 0%) and / or Mo: 1% or less (not including 0%), (B) A group consisting of Ti: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), and V: 0.15% or less (not including 0%)
  • One or more elements selected from the group, Etc.
  • the present invention has a high-strength galvanized steel sheet having a hot-dip galvanized layer on the surface of the first high-strength steel sheet, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer on the surface of the first high-strength steel sheet. Also included are high strength galvannealed steel sheets.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is heated to a temperature range of ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower, and held in the temperature range for 50 seconds or longer.
  • the process, the step of cooling to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the following formula (1) at an average cooling rate of 2 ° C./second or more, and the temperature range satisfying the following formula (1) (T1 temperature range) are maintained for 10 to 100 seconds. It can be manufactured by a method including a step and a step of holding in a temperature range (T2 temperature range) satisfying the following formula (2) for 200 seconds or more in this order. 400 ° C. ⁇ T1 (° C.) ⁇ 540 ° C. (1) 200 ° C. ⁇ T2 (° C.) ⁇ 400 ° C. (2)
  • the other high-strength steel sheets according to the present invention that were able to solve the above problems are in mass%, C: 0.10 to 0.3%, Si: 1.0 to 3%, Mn: 1.0 to A steel plate containing 2.5%, Al: 0.005 to 3%, P: 0.1% or less, S: 0.05% or less, the balance being iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the metal structure of the high-strength steel sheet includes polygonal ferrite, bainite, tempered martensite, and retained austenite.
  • the area ratio a is more than 50% with respect to the entire metal structure
  • the bainite includes high-temperature region-generated bainite having an average interval of adjacent residual austenite and / or carbide of 1 ⁇ m or more, and adjacent residual austenite and And / or a composite structure with low-temperature region-generated bainite having an average interval of carbides of less than 1 ⁇ m
  • the area ratio b of the high-temperature region-generated bainite is 5 to 40% of the entire metal structure
  • the total area ratio c of bainite and the tempered martensite is 5 to 40% of the entire metal structure.
  • the gist is that the volume fraction of the retained austenite measured by the saturation magnetization method is 5% or more with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • this high strength steel plate may be referred to as a second high strength steel plate, and the second high strength steel plate satisfies a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more.
  • the total number of MA mixed phases is The number ratio of the MA mixed phase satisfying the equivalent circle diameter d of more than 7 ⁇ m in the observation cross section is preferably less than 15% (including 0%).
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the second high-strength steel plate as another element, (A) Cr: 1% or less (not including 0%) and / or Mo: 1% or less (not including 0%), (B) A group consisting of Ti: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), and V: 0.15% or less (not including 0%)
  • One or more elements selected from the group, Etc.
  • the present invention has a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a hot-dip galvanized layer on the surface of the second high-strength steel sheet, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer on the surface of the second high-strength steel sheet. Also included are high strength galvannealed steel sheets.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet of the present invention includes a step of heating to a temperature range of Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower, a step of holding for 50 seconds or more in the temperature range, and the following formula (1): In the step of cooling at an average cooling rate of 2 to 50 ° C./second until an arbitrary temperature T to be satisfied, in the step of holding for 10 to 100 seconds in the temperature range satisfying the following formula (1), and in the temperature range satisfying the following formula (2) And a step of holding for 200 seconds or more in this order. 400 ° C. ⁇ T1 (° C.) ⁇ 540 ° C. (1) 200 ° C. ⁇ T2 (° C.) ⁇ 400 ° C. (2) In the present specification, “and / or” means including at least one of them.
  • bainite two types of bainite having different forms of residual ⁇ and carbide, which are generated in a high temperature range of 400 ° C. or higher and 540 ° C. or lower (hereinafter referred to as high temperature range generated bainite). And a bainite produced in a low temperature range of 200 ° C. or higher and lower than 400 ° C. (hereinafter sometimes referred to as low temperature range bainite) and a predetermined amount of polygonal ferrite.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability with good elongation and local deformability even in a high strength region of 780 MPa or more.
  • the manufacturing method of the 1st high strength steel plate which made compatible such high strength and favorable workability can be provided.
  • polygonal ferrite is generated so that the area ratio with respect to the entire metal structure exceeds 50%, and in particular, as bainite, there are two types of bainite in which residual ⁇ and carbide are different in form.
  • bainite generated in a high temperature range of 400 ° C. or higher and 540 ° C. or lower (high temperature range generated bainite)
  • bainite generated in a low temperature range of 200 ° C. or higher and lower than 400 ° C. low temperature range generated bainite
  • the manufacturing method of the 2nd high strength steel plate which made compatible such high strength and favorable workability can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of an average interval between adjacent retained austenite and / or carbide.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a distribution state of high-temperature region-generated bainite, low-temperature region-generated bainite, and the like (low-temperature region-generated bainite + tempered martensite).
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a heat pattern in the T1 temperature range and the T2 temperature range.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EL).
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EL).
  • the present inventors have repeatedly studied to improve the workability of the first high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more, particularly elongation and local deformability.
  • the metal structure of the steel sheet is a mixed structure containing bainite, polygonal ferrite, residual ⁇ , and tempered martensite, particularly as bainite.
  • High temperature region bainite which is 1 ⁇ m or more; (1b) If two types of bainite, a low temperature region bainite having an average distance between center positions such as residual ⁇ of less than 1 ⁇ m, are generated, the elongation and local deformability are improved. Being able to provide high-strength steel sheets, (2) Specifically, the high-temperature region-generated bainite contributes to improvement in elongation of the steel sheet, and the low-temperature region-generated bainite contributes to improvement in local deformability of the steel sheet, (3) Furthermore, if a predetermined amount of polygonal ferrite is generated as the metal structure, the elongation can be further improved without deteriorating the local deformability of the steel sheet.
  • the steel sheet is made into a two-phase temperature range of ferrite and austenite [specifically, ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher, Ac 3 point + 20 Heating at a temperature of °C or less], (5)
  • any temperature range from 400 ° C. to 540 ° C. (hereinafter sometimes referred to as T1 temperature range).
  • T2 temperature range Is cooled at an average cooling rate of 2 ° C./second or more and maintained at this T1 temperature range for 10 to 100 seconds to form a high temperature range bainite, and then at a temperature range of 200 ° C. to less than 400 ° C. ( Hereinafter, it may be referred to as a T2 temperature range), and may be held for 200 seconds or more in this T2 temperature range.
  • the present invention has been completed.
  • the metal structure of the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention is a mixed structure composed of bainite, polygonal ferrite, residual ⁇ , and tempered martensite.
  • bainite includes bainitic ferrite.
  • Bainite is a structure in which carbide is precipitated
  • bainitic ferrite is a structure in which carbide is not precipitated.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that bainite is composed of a composite structure of high-temperature region-generated bainite and low-temperature region-generated bainite having a higher strength than that of the high-temperature region-generated bainite.
  • High temperature zone bainite contributes to the improvement of elongation of the steel sheet
  • low temperature zone bainite contributes to improvement of local deformability of the steel plate.
  • the high temperature region bainite is ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or higher in the cooling process after heating to a temperature of Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower (two-phase temperature range). It is a bainite structure generated in a T1 temperature range of 540 ° C. or lower.
  • High temperature region bainite is a structure in which an average interval of residual ⁇ and the like is 1 ⁇ m or more when a section of a steel plate that has undergone nital corrosion is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the low temperature region bainite is a bainite structure generated in a T2 temperature region of 200 ° C. or more and less than 400 ° C. in the cooling process after heating to the two-phase temperature region.
  • Low-temperature region-generated bainite is a structure in which the average interval of residual ⁇ and the like is less than 1 ⁇ m when a cross section of a steel plate subjected to nital corrosion is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the “average interval of residual ⁇ ” is the distance between the center positions of adjacent residual ⁇ , the distance between the center positions of adjacent carbides, or adjacent residual ⁇ when the steel sheet cross section is observed by SEM. It is the value which averaged the result of having measured the distance between center positions with a carbide
  • the distance between the center positions means a distance between the center positions obtained for each remaining ⁇ or each carbide when measured with respect to the most adjacent residual ⁇ and / or carbide.
  • the center position determines the major axis and minor axis of the residual ⁇ or carbide, and is the position where the major axis and minor axis intersect.
  • the distance between the center positions is the residual ⁇ and / or carbide.
  • the distance between the lines (the distance between the laths) formed by the residual ⁇ and / or carbides continuously in the major axis direction may be set as the distance between the center positions.
  • tempered martensite is a structure
  • the low-temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite cannot be distinguished even by SEM observation. Therefore, in the present invention, the low-temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite are collectively referred to as “low-temperature region-generated bainite and the like”.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet having improved workability in general can be realized by forming a composite bainite structure including high-temperature region-generated bainite and low-temperature region-generated bainite. That is, since the high temperature region generation bainite is softer than the low temperature region generation bainite and the like, it contributes to improving the workability by increasing the elongation (EL) of the steel sheet.
  • low temperature region bainite has low carbides and residual ⁇ , and stress concentration is reduced during deformation. Therefore, the stretch flangeability ( ⁇ ) and bendability (R) of the steel sheet are improved to improve local deformability. Contributes to improving processability.
  • the reason for distinguishing bainite into “high temperature region bainite” and “low temperature region bainite” by the difference in the generation temperature region and the difference in the average interval such as residual ⁇ as described above is a general academic reason. This is because it is difficult to clearly distinguish bainite in the tissue classification. For example, lath-shaped bainite and bainitic ferrite are classified into upper bainite and lower bainite according to the transformation temperature. However, in the steel type containing a large amount of Si of 1.0% or more as in the present invention, precipitation of carbides accompanying the bainite transformation is suppressed, so it is difficult to distinguish these including the martensite structure by SEM observation. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, bainite is not classified based on an academic organization definition, but is distinguished based on the difference in generation temperature range and the average interval such as residual ⁇ as described above.
  • the distribution state of the high temperature zone bainite and the low temperature zone bainite is not particularly limited, and both the high temperature zone bainite and the low temperature zone bainite may be generated in the old ⁇ grain, or for each old ⁇ grain A high temperature region generation bainite, a low temperature region generation bainite, or the like may be generated.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the distribution state of high temperature region bainite and low temperature region bainite.
  • the high temperature region generation bainite is hatched, and the low temperature region generation bainite is marked with fine dots.
  • FIG. 2 (a) shows a state in which both high-temperature region-generated bainite and low-temperature region-generated bainite are mixed and formed in the old ⁇ grain, and FIG. The high temperature region bainite and the low temperature region bainite are generated.
  • the black circles shown in FIG. 2 indicate the MA mixed phase. The MA mixed phase will be described later.
  • the area ratio of the high temperature region-generated bainite occupying the entire metal structure is a
  • the total area ratio of the low temperature region bainite and the like (low temperature region bainite and tempered martensite) occupying the entire metal structure is b
  • the area ratios a and b must satisfy 10 to 80%.
  • the reason why the total area ratio of the low temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite is defined instead of the area ratio of the low temperature region-generated bainite is that, as described above, these structures cannot be distinguished by SEM observation.
  • the area ratio a is 10 to 80%.
  • generation bainite When there is too little production amount of high temperature range production
  • the total area ratio b is 10 to 80%. If there is too little production amount of low temperature region bainite etc., the local deformability of a steel plate will fall and workability cannot be improved. Therefore, the total area ratio b is 10% or more, preferably 15% or more, more preferably 20% or more. However, if the production amount of low temperature region bainite or the like becomes excessive, the effect of combining high temperature region bainite cannot be exhibited. Accordingly, the area ratio b of the low temperature region bainite or the like is 80% or less, preferably 70% or less, more preferably 60% or less, and still more preferably 50% or less.
  • the mixing ratio of the high temperature region bainite and the low temperature region bainite may be determined according to the characteristics required for the steel sheet. Specifically, in order to further improve the local deformability (especially stretch flangeability ( ⁇ )) of the workability of the steel sheet, the ratio of the high-temperature region-generated bainite is made as small as possible, and the ratio of the low-temperature region-generated bainite, etc. It should be as large as possible. On the other hand, in order to further improve the elongation of the workability of the steel sheet, the ratio of the high-temperature region-generated bainite should be as large as possible, and the ratio of the low-temperature region-generated bainite should be as small as possible. Further, in order to further increase the strength of the steel sheet, the ratio of the low temperature region bainite or the like may be increased as much as possible, and the ratio of the high temperature region bainite may be decreased as much as possible.
  • Polygonal ferrite is softer than bainite and is a structure that acts to improve the workability by increasing the elongation of the steel sheet.
  • the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is 10% or more, preferably 12% or more, more preferably 15% or more with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is 50% or less, preferably 45% or less, and more preferably 40% or less with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the metal structure of the first high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is composed of a mixed structure of bainite, polygonal ferrite, residual ⁇ , and tempered martensite. Therefore, it is considered that it is difficult to improve workability (particularly, the elongation improving effect due to the formation of polygonal ferrite) due to uneven concentration and local concentration of strains. Accordingly, the average equivalent circle diameter D of polygonal ferrite is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the area ratio and the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite can be measured by SEM observation.
  • 70% or more of the entire metal structure is satisfied. If the total area ratio (a + b + c) is less than 70%, the elongation may deteriorate.
  • the total area ratio (a + b + c) is more preferably 75% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more.
  • the upper limit of the total area ratio (a + b + c) is determined in consideration of the space factor of residual ⁇ measured by the saturation magnetization method, and is 95%, for example.
  • Residual ⁇ has the effect of accelerating the hardening of the deformed part by transforming into martensite when the steel sheet is deformed under stress, thereby preventing the concentration of strain, thereby improving the uniform deformability and achieving good elongation. Demonstrate. Such an effect is generally called a TRIP effect.
  • the volume fraction of residual ⁇ with respect to the entire metal structure needs to be contained by 5% or more when measured by the saturation magnetization method.
  • the residual ⁇ is preferably 8% by volume or more, more preferably 10% by volume or more.
  • the upper limit of the residual ⁇ is about 30% by volume, preferably 25% by volume.
  • Residual ⁇ is mainly generated between the laths of the metal structure, but as a part of the MA mixed phase, which will be described later, on the aggregate of the lath-like structure (for example, blocks and packets) and the grain boundaries of the old ⁇ May be present in bulk.
  • the metallographic structure of the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention includes bainite, polygonal ferrite, residual ⁇ , and tempered martensite. As long as the effects of the invention are not impaired, (a) an MA mixed phase in which quenched martensite and residual ⁇ are combined, and (b) a remaining structure such as pearlite may exist.
  • the MA mixed phase is generally known as a composite phase of quenched martensite and residual ⁇ , and a part of the structure existing as untransformed austenite before the final cooling is It is a structure formed by transformation into martensite at the time of final cooling, and the rest as austenite.
  • the MA mixed phase thus formed is a very hard structure because carbon is concentrated at a high concentration in the process of heat treatment (especially austempering), and a part thereof has a martensite structure. For this reason, the hardness difference between the bainite and the MA mixed phase is large, and stress is concentrated during deformation, which tends to be a starting point for voids.
  • the MA mixed phase when the MA mixed phase is excessively generated, stretch flangeability and bendability are deteriorated and local deformability is reduced. Decreases. Moreover, when MA mixed phase produces
  • the MA mixed phase is easily generated as the residual ⁇ amount is increased and the Si content is increased. However, the generated amount is preferably as small as possible.
  • the MA mixed phase is preferably 30 area% or less, more preferably 25 area% or less, still more preferably 20 area% or less with respect to the entire metal structure when the metal structure is observed with an optical microscope. .
  • the number ratio of MA mixed phases having an equivalent circle diameter d exceeding 7 ⁇ m is preferably less than 15% (including 0%) with respect to the total number of MA mixed phases.
  • a coarse MA mixed phase having an equivalent circle diameter d exceeding 7 ⁇ m adversely affects local deformability.
  • the ratio of the number of MA mixed phases having the equivalent circle diameter d exceeding 7 ⁇ m is preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, based on the total number of MA mixed phases.
  • the number ratio of the MA mixed phase having the equivalent circle diameter d exceeding 7 ⁇ m may be calculated by observing the cross-sectional surface parallel to the rolling direction with an optical microscope.
  • the MA mixed phase is recommended to be as small as possible because experiments have shown that the MA mixed phase tends to generate voids as its particle size increases.
  • the pearlite is preferably 20 area% or less with respect to the entire metal structure when the metal structure is observed by SEM. When the area ratio of pearlite exceeds 20%, elongation deteriorates and it becomes difficult to improve workability.
  • the area ratio of pearlite is more preferably 15% or less, further preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • the above metal structure can be measured by the following procedure.
  • High temperature zone bainite, low temperature zone bainite, etc. (low temperature zone bainite + tempered martensite), polygonal ferrite, and pearlite are subjected to nital corrosion at 1/4 of the thickness of the cross section parallel to the rolling direction of the steel sheet. It can be identified by SEM observation at a magnification of about 3000 times.
  • High temperature region bainite and low temperature region bainite are mainly observed in gray, and are observed as a structure in which residual ⁇ and the like observed in white or light gray are dispersed in crystal grains. Therefore, according to SEM observation, since the high temperature region-generated bainite and the low temperature region-generated bainite include residual ⁇ and carbides, the area ratio including the residual ⁇ is calculated. Polygonal ferrite is observed as crystal grains that do not contain residual ⁇ and the like observed in white or light gray as described above inside the crystal grains. Pearlite is observed as a structure in which carbide and ferrite are layered.
  • both carbide and residual ⁇ are observed as a white or light gray structure, and it is difficult to distinguish them from each other.
  • carbides for example, cementite
  • cementite tend to precipitate in the lath more than between the laths as they are produced in the low temperature range, so when the spacing between the carbides is wide, it is considered that they were produced in the high temperature range, When the interval between the carbides is narrow, it can be considered that the carbides are generated in a low temperature range.
  • Residual ⁇ is usually generated between the laths, but the size of the lath becomes smaller as the tissue generation temperature decreases.
  • the distance between the residual ⁇ is wide, it is considered that the residual ⁇ was generated in a high temperature range.
  • the interval of is narrow, it can be considered that it was generated in a low temperature region. Therefore, in the present invention, when the cross-section subjected to Nital corrosion is observed by SEM, paying attention to the residual ⁇ etc. observed as white or light gray in the observation field, the distance between the center positions between the adjacent residual ⁇ etc. is measured.
  • a structure having an average value (average interval) of 1 ⁇ m or more is referred to as a high-temperature region generation bainite, and a structure having an average interval of less than 1 ⁇ m is referred to as a low-temperature region generation bainite.
  • the volume ratio is measured by the saturation magnetization method. This volume ratio value can be read as the area ratio as it is.
  • the detailed measurement principle by the saturation magnetization method may be referred to “R & D Kobe Steel Engineering Reports, Vol.52, No.3, 2002, p.43-46”.
  • the volume ratio (area ratio) of residual ⁇ is measured by the saturation magnetization method
  • the area ratio of high temperature region bainite and the like is measured by SEM observation including residual ⁇ . The sum may exceed 100%.
  • the MA mixed phase is observed as a white structure when subjected to repeller corrosion at a 1/4 position of the plate thickness in a cross section parallel to the rolling direction of the steel plate and observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of about 1000 times.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet of the present invention contains C: 0.10 to 0.3%, Si: 1.0 to 3.0%, Mn: 1.5 to 3%, Al: 0.005 to 3%. And P: 0.1% or less (not including 0%) and S: 0.05% or less (not including 0%). The reason for setting this range is as follows.
  • the amount of C is 0.10% or more, preferably 0.13% or more, more preferably 0.15% or more.
  • the C content is 0.3% or less, preferably 0.25% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
  • the Si contributes to increasing the strength of the steel sheet as a solid solution strengthening element, and suppresses the precipitation of carbide during holding in the T1 temperature range and T2 temperature range described later (during the austempering process), thereby reducing the residual ⁇ . It is an extremely important element for effective generation. Accordingly, the Si amount is 1.0% or more, preferably 1.2% or more, more preferably 1.3% or more. However, when Si is excessively contained, reverse transformation to the ⁇ phase does not occur during heating and soaking in annealing, and a large amount of polygonal ferrite remains, resulting in insufficient strength. In addition, Si scale is generated on the surface of the steel sheet during hot rolling to deteriorate the surface properties of the steel sheet. Accordingly, the Si content is 3.0% or less, preferably 2.5% or less, and more preferably 2.0% or less.
  • Mn is an element necessary for obtaining bainite and tempered martensite. Mn is an element that effectively acts to stabilize ⁇ and generate residual ⁇ . In order to exert such an effect, the amount of Mn is 1.5% or more, preferably 1.8% or more, more preferably 2.0% or more. However, when Mn is contained excessively, the generation of high temperature region bainite is remarkably suppressed. Further, excessive addition of Mn causes deterioration of weldability and workability due to segregation. Therefore, the Mn content is 3% or less, preferably 2.8% or less, more preferably 2.7% or less.
  • Al like Si, is an element that suppresses the precipitation of carbides during the austempering process and contributes to the formation of residual ⁇ .
  • Al is an element that acts as a deoxidizer in the steel making process. Therefore, the Al content is 0.005% or more, preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.03% or more.
  • the Al content is 3% or less, preferably 1.5% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and still more preferably 0.5% or less.
  • the amount of P is an impurity element inevitably contained in steel, and when the amount of P becomes excessive, the weldability of the steel sheet deteriorates. Therefore, the amount of P is 0.1% or less, preferably 0.08% or less, more preferably 0.05% or less. The amount of P is preferably as small as possible, but it is industrially difficult to reduce it to 0%.
  • S is an impurity element inevitably contained in the steel, and is an element that deteriorates the weldability of the steel sheet as in the case of P described above. Further, S forms sulfide-based inclusions in the steel sheet, and when this increases, the workability decreases. Therefore, the amount of S is 0.05% or less, preferably 0.01% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less. The amount of S should be as small as possible, but it is industrially difficult to make it 0%.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention satisfies the above component composition, and the remaining components are iron and inevitable impurities other than P and S.
  • inevitable impurities include N, O (oxygen), and trump elements (eg, Pb, Bi, Sb, Sn, etc.).
  • the N content is preferably 0.01% or less (not including 0%)
  • the O content is preferably 0.01% or less (not including 0%).
  • N is an element that contributes to strengthening of the steel sheet by precipitating nitrides in the steel sheet.
  • the N content is preferably 0.01% or less, more preferably 0.008% or less, and still more preferably 0.005% or less.
  • O oxygen
  • the O content is preferably 0.01% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less, and still more preferably 0.003% or less.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is further added as another element, (A) Cr: 1% or less (not including 0%) and / or Mo: 1% or less (not including 0%), (B) A group consisting of Ti: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), Nb: 0.15% or less (not including 0%), and V: 0.15% or less (not including 0%) One or more elements selected from (C) Cu: 1% or less (not including 0%) and / or Ni: 1% or less (not including 0%), (D) B: 0.005% or less (excluding 0%), (E) Ca: 0.01% or less (not including 0%), Mg: 0.01% or less (not including 0%), and rare earth elements: 0.01% or less (not including 0%) One or more elements selected from the group, Etc. may be contained.
  • Cr and Mo are elements that act effectively to obtain bainite and tempered martensite. These elements can be used alone or in combination.
  • Cr and Mo are each preferably contained alone in an amount of 0.1% or more, more preferably 0.2% or more. However, when the content of Cr and Mo exceeds 1%, the generation of high temperature region bainite is remarkably suppressed. In addition, excessive addition increases the cost. Accordingly, Cr and Mo are each preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.8% or less, and still more preferably 0.5% or less. When Cr and Mo are used in combination, the total amount is recommended to be 1.5% or less.
  • Ti, Nb, and V are elements that form precipitates such as carbides and nitrides in the steel sheet, strengthen the steel sheet, and also have the effect of refining the polygonal ferrite grains by refining the old ⁇ grains. is there.
  • Ti, Nb and V are each preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more.
  • carbide will precipitate to a grain boundary and the stretch flangeability and bendability of a steel plate will deteriorate. Therefore, Ti, Nb and V are each independently preferably 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.12% or less, and still more preferably 0.1% or less.
  • Ti, Nb, and V may each be contained alone, or may contain two or more elements that are arbitrarily selected.
  • Cu and Ni are elements that effectively act to stabilize ⁇ and generate residual ⁇ . These elements can be used alone or in combination. In order to exhibit such an action effectively, it is preferable to contain Cu and Ni individually by 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.1% or more. However, when Cu and Ni are contained excessively, the hot workability deteriorates. Accordingly, Cu and Ni are each preferably preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.8% or less, and still more preferably 0.5% or less. In addition, when Cu is contained in excess of 1%, hot workability deteriorates. However, when Ni is added, deterioration of hot workability is suppressed. However, Cu may be added in excess of 1%.
  • B is an element that acts effectively to produce bainite and tempered martensite, as in the case of Mn, Cr and Mo.
  • B is preferably contained in an amount of 0.0005% or more, more preferably 0.001% or more.
  • the B content is preferably 0.005% or less, more preferably 0.004% or less, and still more preferably 0.003% or less.
  • Ca, Mg and rare earth elements are elements that act to finely disperse inclusions in the steel sheet.
  • Ca, Mg and rare earth elements are each preferably contained in an amount of 0.0005% or more, more preferably 0.001% or more.
  • Ca, Mg, and rare earth elements are each independently preferably 0.01% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less, and still more preferably 0.003% or less.
  • the rare earth element means a lanthanoid element (15 elements from La to Lu), Sc (scandium) and Y (yttrium), and among these elements, it is selected from the group consisting of La, Ce and Y. It is preferable to contain at least one kind of element, more preferably La and / or Ce.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention is excellent in workability because it has a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more, excellent local deformability, and good elongation.
  • This first high-strength steel plate is suitably used as a material for structural parts of automobiles.
  • Structural parts of automobiles include, for example, front and rear side members and crashing parts such as crash boxes, reinforcing materials such as pillars (for example, center pillar reinforcement), roof rail reinforcing materials, side sills, floor members, Examples include vehicle body components such as kick parts, shock-absorbing parts such as bumper reinforcements and door impact beams, and seat parts.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet can be suitably used as a material for warm forming because of its good workability in warm conditions.
  • warm processing means forming in a temperature range of about 50 to 500 ° C.
  • the metal structure and component composition of the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention have been described above.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet heats a steel sheet satisfying the above component composition to a temperature range (two-phase temperature range) of ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower.
  • a step, a step of holding for 50 seconds or more in the temperature range, a step of cooling at an average cooling rate of 2 ° C./second or more to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the following formula (1), and a temperature range satisfying the following formula (1) Can be produced by including a step of holding for 10 to 100 seconds in this order and a step of holding for 200 seconds or more in a temperature range satisfying the following formula (2) in this order.
  • each step will be described in order. 400 ° C. ⁇ T1 (° C.) ⁇ 540 ° C. (1) 200 ° C. ⁇ T2 (° C.) ⁇ 400 ° C. (2)
  • a hot rolled steel sheet obtained by rolling and cold rolling is prepared.
  • the finish rolling temperature may be set to, for example, 800 ° C. or more, and the winding temperature may be set to, for example, 700 ° C. or less.
  • the rolling may be performed with the cold rolling rate in the range of 10 to 70%, for example.
  • the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained by cold rolling is heated to a temperature range of ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower in a continuous annealing line. Hold for 50 seconds or more and soak.
  • the heating temperature is Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or less, preferably Ac 3 point + 10 ° C. or less, more preferably less than Ac 3 point.
  • the heating temperature is Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or less, preferably Ac 3 point + 10 ° C. or less, more preferably less than Ac 3 point.
  • the heating temperature is ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 20 ° C. or higher, preferably ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point) / 2 ⁇ + 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably ⁇ (Ac 1 point + Ac 3 point). ) / 2 ⁇ + 50 ° C. or higher.
  • the soaking time in the above two-phase temperature range is less than 50 seconds, the steel sheet cannot be heated uniformly, so the formation of residual ⁇ is suppressed, elongation and local deformability are reduced, and workability cannot be improved. Therefore, the soaking time is 50 seconds or longer, preferably 100 seconds or longer. However, if the soaking time is too long, the austenite grain size becomes large, and the polygonal ferrite grains are coarsened accordingly, and the elongation and local deformability tend to deteriorate. Therefore, the soaking time is preferably 500 seconds or shorter, more preferably 450 seconds or shorter.
  • the Ac 1 point and Ac 3 point are calculated from the following formulas (a) and (b) described in “Leslie Steel Materials Science” (Maruzen Co., Ltd., issued May 31, 1985, P.273). it can.
  • [] indicates the content (mass%) of each element, and the content of elements not included in the steel sheet may be calculated as 0 mass%.
  • the average cooling rate in this section is preferably 5 ° C./second or more, more preferably 10 ° C./second or more.
  • the upper limit of the average cooling rate in the section is not particularly limited, but if the average cooling rate becomes too high, temperature control becomes difficult, and therefore the upper limit may be about 100 ° C./second, for example.
  • the amount of high-temperature region-generated bainite can be controlled by holding in the T1 temperature region for a predetermined time, and the untransformed austenite is converted into low-temperature region-generated bainite or martensite by the austempering process that is maintained in the T2 temperature region for a predetermined time. While transforming into sites, carbon can be concentrated to austenite to generate residual ⁇ , and a metal structure defined in the present invention can be generated.
  • the phenomenon of carbon concentration to untransformed austenite will be described. It is known that the bainite transformation also stops because the concentration of carbon is limited to the concentration indicated by the To line where the free energy of ferrite and austenite becomes equal. Since the To line becomes lower in carbon concentration as the temperature is higher, if the austempering process is performed at a relatively high temperature, the bainite transformation stops at a certain level even if the processing time is increased. At this time, since the stability of untransformed austenite is low, a coarse MA mixed phase is generated.
  • the allowable amount of C concentration to the untransformed austenite can be increased by holding in the T2 temperature range, so the low temperature range is higher than the high temperature range.
  • the bainite transformation proceeds and the MA mixed phase becomes smaller.
  • the size of the lath-like structure is smaller when held at the T2 temperature range than when held at the T1 temperature range, the MA mixed phase itself is subdivided even if the MA mixed phase exists. Thus, the MA mixed phase can be reduced.
  • the temperature is cooled from the two-phase temperature range to an arbitrary temperature satisfying the formula (2) without being held in the T1 temperature range, and held only in the T2 temperature range satisfying the formula (2).
  • the size of the lath-like structure is reduced, so that the MA mixed phase can be reduced.
  • the temperature is not maintained in the T1 temperature range, almost no high temperature range bainite is generated, the dislocation density of the base lath structure is increased, elongation and local deformability are reduced, and workability is reduced. Deteriorates.
  • the T1 temperature range defined by the above formula (1) is specifically 400 ° C. or more and 540 ° C. or less.
  • high temperature range bainite can be generated. That is, when the temperature is maintained at a temperature exceeding 540 ° C., the formation of high temperature bainite is suppressed.
  • polygonal ferrite is excessively generated and pseudo pearlite is generated, so that desired characteristics cannot be obtained. Therefore, the upper limit of the T1 temperature range is 540 ° C, preferably 520 ° C, more preferably 500 ° C.
  • the lower limit of the T1 temperature range is 400 ° C, preferably 420 ° C.
  • the time for holding in the T1 temperature range is 10 to 100 seconds. If the holding time exceeds 100 seconds, the high-temperature region-generated bainite is excessively generated. Therefore, as will be described later, the amount of low-temperature region-generated bainite or the like cannot be ensured even if the predetermined time is maintained in the T2 temperature region. Accordingly, it is impossible to achieve both strength and workability. Further, if the temperature is held for a long time in the T1 temperature range, carbon is excessively concentrated in the austenite, so that a coarse MA mixed phase is generated even if austempering is performed in the T2 temperature range, and workability deteriorates. Therefore, the holding time is 100 seconds or less, preferably 90 seconds or less, more preferably 80 seconds or less.
  • the holding time in the T1 temperature range is 10 seconds or longer, preferably 15 seconds or longer, more preferably 20 seconds or longer, and even more preferably 30 seconds or longer.
  • the holding time in the T1 temperature range means the time from when the surface temperature of the steel sheet reaches the upper limit temperature in the T1 temperature range to the lower limit temperature in the T1 temperature range. That is, it is the time from when the surface temperature of the steel sheet reaches 540 ° C. until it reaches 400 ° C.
  • FIG. 3 (i) shows an example in which the temperature is rapidly cooled from the two-phase temperature range to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the above formula (1), and then kept at this temperature T for a predetermined time. It is cooled to any temperature that satisfies.
  • FIG. 3 (i) shows a case where one-stage constant temperature holding is performed, the present invention is not limited to this, and two or more constant temperature holdings having different holding temperatures are performed as long as they are within the T1 temperature range. May be.
  • FIG. 3 (ii) shows that after rapidly cooling from the two-phase temperature range to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the above formula (1), the cooling rate is changed, and after cooling for a predetermined time within the range of the T1 temperature range, In this example, the cooling rate is changed and the cooling is performed to an arbitrary temperature satisfying the above formula (2).
  • FIG. 3 (ii) shows a case where the cooling is performed for a predetermined time within the range of the T1 temperature range, but the present invention is not limited to this. And a step of heating may be included, and cooling and heating may be repeated as appropriate. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (ii), not only one-stage cooling but also two-stage or more multi-stage cooling with different cooling rates may be performed. Further, one-stage heating or multi-stage heating of two or more stages may be performed (not shown).
  • FIG. 3 (iii) shows that after rapidly cooling from the two-phase temperature range to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the above formula (1), the cooling rate is changed and the same cooling is performed until an arbitrary temperature satisfying the above formula (2).
  • This is an example of slow cooling at a speed. Even in such a case of slow cooling, the residence time in the T1 temperature range may be 10 to 100 seconds.
  • the present invention is not intended to be limited to the heat patterns shown in (i) to (iii) of FIG. 3, and any other heat pattern can be adopted as long as the requirements of the present invention are satisfied.
  • the T2 temperature range defined by the above formula (2) is specifically 200 ° C. or more and less than 400 ° C.
  • untransformed austenite that has not been transformed in the T1 temperature range can be transformed into low temperature range bainite or martensite.
  • the bainite transformation proceeds, finally residual ⁇ is generated, and the MA mixed phase is subdivided.
  • this martensite exists as quenching martensite immediately after transformation, it is tempered while being maintained in the T2 temperature region, and remains as tempered martensite.
  • This tempered martensite exhibits the same characteristics as low temperature region bainite generated in the temperature region where martensitic transformation occurs.
  • the T2 temperature range is less than 400 ° C., preferably 390 ° C. or less, more preferably 380 ° C. or less.
  • low-temperature region-generated bainite is not generated, so the carbon concentration in ⁇ is low, the amount of residual ⁇ cannot be secured, and more hardened martensite is generated. It becomes high and elongation and local deformability deteriorate.
  • the lower limit of the T2 temperature range is 200 ° C, preferably 250 ° C, more preferably 280 ° C.
  • the time for holding in the T2 temperature range that satisfies the above formula (2) is 200 seconds or more. If the holding time is less than 200 seconds, the amount of low temperature region bainite and the like is reduced, the carbon concentration in ⁇ is lowered, the amount of residual ⁇ cannot be secured, and more hardened martensite is generated, so the strength is increased. It becomes high and elongation and local deformability deteriorate. Further, since carbon concentration is not promoted, the amount of residual ⁇ is reduced, and the elongation cannot be improved. Moreover, since the MA mixed phase produced
  • the holding time is 200 seconds or longer, preferably 250 seconds or longer, more preferably 300 seconds or longer.
  • the upper limit of the holding time is not particularly limited, productivity decreases when held for a long time, and concentrated carbon cannot be precipitated as carbides to generate residual ⁇ , resulting in a decrease in elongation and workability. to degrade. Therefore, the upper limit of the holding time may be 1800 seconds, for example.
  • the holding time in the T2 temperature range means the time from when the surface temperature of the steel sheet reaches the upper limit temperature in the T2 temperature range to the lower limit temperature in the T2 temperature range. That is, it is the time from reaching the temperature of less than 400 ° C. to reaching the temperature of 200 ° C.
  • the method of holding in the T2 temperature range is not particularly limited as long as the residence time in the T2 temperature range is 200 seconds or more, and may be held at a constant temperature as in the heat pattern in the T1 temperature range, or the T2 temperature. It may be cooled or heated in the zone. Further, multistage holding may be performed at different holding temperatures.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention can be manufactured by cooling to room temperature after holding for a predetermined time in the T2 temperature range.
  • a hot-dip galvanized layer or an alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer may be formed on the surface of the first high-strength steel plate.
  • the conditions for forming the hot-dip galvanized layer or the alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted.
  • the hot dip galvanized layer is preferably formed at a plating bath temperature of 400 to 500 ° C., more preferably 440 to 470 ° C.
  • the composition of the plating bath is not particularly limited, and a known hot dip galvanizing bath may be used.
  • An alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet can be produced by subjecting the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet on which the hot-dip galvanized layer is formed to a conventional alloying treatment.
  • the alloying treatment may be performed, for example, at about 450 to 600 ° C. (particularly about 480 to 570 ° C.) and held for about 5 to 30 seconds (particularly about 10 to 25 seconds).
  • the alloying process may be performed using, for example, a heating furnace, a direct fire, or an infrared heating furnace.
  • the heating means is not particularly limited, and for example, conventional means such as gas heating, induction heater heating (heating by a high frequency induction heating device) can be adopted.
  • the technique of the present invention can be suitably used particularly for a thin steel plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less.
  • the first high strength steel sheet according to the present invention has been described above.
  • the second high strength steel plate according to the present invention will be described.
  • the present inventors have repeatedly studied to improve the workability of the second high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more, particularly the elongation and local deformability.
  • the metal structure of the steel sheet is mainly composed of polygonal ferrite (specifically, the area ratio with respect to the entire metal structure is more than 50%), and then a mixed structure containing bainite, tempered martensite, and residual ⁇ , Especially as bainite, (1a)
  • the average interval of the distances between the center positions of adjacent residual ⁇ , adjacent carbides, or adjacent residual ⁇ and adjacent carbides (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as residual ⁇ ).
  • High temperature region bainite which is 1 ⁇ m or more; (1b) Excellent processability with improved local deformability without deteriorating elongation if two types of bainite, low temperature region bainite, with an average distance between center positions such as residual ⁇ of less than 1 ⁇ m are generated.
  • the high-temperature region-generated bainite contributes to improvement in elongation of the steel sheet
  • the low-temperature region-generated bainite contributes to improvement in local deformability of the steel sheet
  • any temperature range from 400 ° C. to 540 ° C.
  • T1 temperature range (hereinafter sometimes referred to as T1 temperature range). Is cooled at an average cooling rate of 2 ° C./second or more and maintained at this T1 temperature range for 10 to 100 seconds to form a high temperature range bainite, and then at a temperature range of 200 ° C. to less than 400 ° C. ( Hereinafter, it may be referred to as a T2 temperature range), and may be held for 200 seconds or more in this T2 temperature range.
  • T1 temperature range Is cooled at an average cooling rate of 2 ° C./second or more and maintained at this T1 temperature range for 10 to 100 seconds to form a high temperature range bainite, and then at a temperature range of 200 ° C. to less than 400 ° C.
  • T2 temperature range a temperature range of 200 ° C. to less than 400 ° C.
  • the present invention has been completed.
  • the metal structure of the second high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention is a mixed structure composed of polygonal ferrite, bainite, tempered martensite, and residual ⁇ .
  • the metal structure of the second high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is mainly composed of polygonal ferrite.
  • the main body means that the area ratio with respect to the whole metal structure is more than 50%.
  • Polygonal ferrite is softer than bainite and is a structure that acts to improve the workability by increasing the elongation of the steel sheet.
  • the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is more than 50%, preferably 55% or more, more preferably 60% or more with respect to the entire metal structure.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is determined in consideration of the space factor of residual ⁇ measured by the saturation magnetization method, and is, for example, 85%.
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less (not including 0 ⁇ m).
  • the metal structure of the second high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention is composed of a mixed structure of polygonal ferrite, bainite, tempered martensite, and residual ⁇ . Therefore, it is considered that it is difficult to improve workability (particularly, the elongation improving effect due to the formation of polygonal ferrite) due to uneven concentration and local concentration of strains. Therefore, the average equivalent circle diameter D of polygonal ferrite is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 4 ⁇ m or less.
  • the area ratio and the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite can be measured by observing with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the second high-strength steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that the bainite is composed of a composite structure of a high-temperature region-generated bainite and a low-temperature region-generated bainite having a strength higher than that of the high-temperature region-generated bainite.
  • High temperature zone bainite contributes to the improvement of elongation of the steel sheet
  • low temperature zone bainite contributes to improvement of local deformability of the steel plate.
  • the high temperature range bainite is a T1 temperature range of 400 ° C. or more and 540 ° C. or less in the cooling process after heating to a temperature of Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower (two-phase temperature range). It is a bainite structure to be generated.
  • High temperature region bainite is a structure in which the average interval of residual ⁇ and the like is 1 ⁇ m or more when a cross section of a steel plate that has undergone nital corrosion is observed by SEM.
  • the low temperature region bainite is a bainite structure generated in a T2 temperature region of 200 ° C. or more and less than 400 ° C. in the cooling process after heating to the two-phase temperature region.
  • Low-temperature region-generated bainite is a structure in which the average interval of residual ⁇ and the like is less than 1 ⁇ m when a steel cross section subjected to nital corrosion is observed by SEM.
  • tempered martensite is a structure
  • the low-temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite cannot be distinguished even by SEM observation. Therefore, in the present invention, the low-temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite are collectively referred to as “low-temperature region-generated bainite and the like”.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet with improved workability in general can be realized by making the bainite a composite bainite structure including a high-temperature region-generated bainite and a low-temperature region-generated bainite. That is, since the high temperature region generation bainite is softer than the low temperature region generation bainite and the like, it contributes to improving the workability by increasing the elongation (EL) of the steel sheet.
  • low temperature region bainite has low carbides and residual ⁇ , and stress concentration is reduced during deformation. Therefore, the stretch flangeability ( ⁇ ) and bendability (R) of the steel sheet are improved to improve local deformability. Contributes to improving processability. And in this invention, since such high temperature range production
  • the reason for distinguishing bainite into “high temperature region bainite” and “low temperature region bainite” by the difference in the generation temperature region and the difference in the average interval such as residual ⁇ as described above is a general academic reason. This is because it is difficult to clearly distinguish bainite in the tissue classification. For example, lath-shaped bainite and bainitic ferrite are classified into upper bainite and lower bainite according to the transformation temperature. However, in the steel type containing a large amount of Si of 1.0% or more as in the present invention, precipitation of carbides accompanying the bainite transformation is suppressed, so it is difficult to distinguish these including the martensite structure by SEM observation. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, bainite is not classified based on an academic organization definition, but is distinguished based on the difference in generation temperature range and the average interval such as residual ⁇ as described above.
  • the distribution state of the high temperature zone bainite and the low temperature zone bainite is not particularly limited, and both the high temperature zone bainite and the low temperature zone bainite may be generated in the old ⁇ grain, or for each old ⁇ grain A high temperature region generation bainite, a low temperature region generation bainite, or the like may be generated.
  • the distribution state of the high temperature region bainite and the low temperature region bainite is as schematically shown in FIG.
  • the area ratio of the high temperature region bainite occupying the entire metal structure is b
  • the total area ratio of the low temperature region bainite and the like (low temperature region bainite and tempered martensite) occupying the entire metal structure is c
  • the area ratios b and c must satisfy 5 to 40%.
  • the reason why the total area ratio of the low temperature region-generated bainite and the tempered martensite is defined instead of the area ratio of the low temperature region-generated bainite is that, as described above, these structures cannot be distinguished by SEM observation.
  • the area ratio b is 5-40%.
  • generation bainite When there is too little production amount of high temperature range production
  • the area ratio b of the high temperature region bainite is 40% or less, preferably 35% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and still more preferably 25% or less.
  • the total area ratio c is 5 to 40%. If there is too little production amount of low temperature region bainite etc., the local deformability of a steel plate will fall and workability cannot be improved. Therefore, the total area ratio c is 5% or more, preferably 8% or more, more preferably 10% or more. However, if the production amount of low temperature region bainite or the like becomes excessive, the balance of the production amount with the high temperature region bainite is deteriorated, and the effect of combining the low temperature region bainite and the high temperature region bainite is not exhibited. Accordingly, the area ratio c of the low temperature region bainite or the like is 40% or less, preferably 35% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and still more preferably 25% or less.
  • the mixing ratio of the high temperature region bainite and the low temperature region bainite may be determined according to the characteristics required for the steel sheet. Specifically, in order to further improve the local deformability (especially stretch flangeability ( ⁇ )) of the workability of the steel sheet, the ratio of the high-temperature region-generated bainite is made as small as possible, and the ratio of the low-temperature region-generated bainite, etc. It should be as large as possible. On the other hand, in order to further improve the elongation of the workability of the steel sheet, the ratio of the high-temperature region-generated bainite should be as large as possible, and the ratio of the low-temperature region-generated bainite should be as small as possible. Further, in order to further increase the strength of the steel sheet, the ratio of the low temperature region bainite or the like may be increased as much as possible, and the ratio of the high temperature region bainite may be decreased as much as possible.
  • bainite includes bainitic ferrite.
  • Bainite is a structure in which carbide is precipitated
  • bainitic ferrite is a structure in which carbide is not precipitated.
  • 70% or more of the entire metal structure is satisfied. If the total area ratio (a + b + c) is less than 70%, the elongation may deteriorate.
  • the total area ratio (a + b + c) is more preferably 75% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more.
  • the upper limit of the total area ratio (a + b + c) is determined in consideration of the space factor of residual ⁇ measured by the saturation magnetization method, and is 95%, for example.
  • the metal structure of the second high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention includes polygonal ferrite, bainite, tempered martensite, and residual ⁇ , and may be composed only of these. As long as the effects of the invention are not impaired, (a) an MA mixed phase in which quenched martensite and residual ⁇ are combined, and (b) a remaining structure such as pearlite may exist. Since the contents of (a) MA mixed phase and (b) pearlite are the same as those of the first high-strength steel sheet, description thereof is omitted. Since the measurement procedure of the metal structure is the same as the procedure described in the first high-strength steel plate, the description is omitted.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet of the present invention contains C: 0.10 to 0.3%, Si: 1.0 to 3%, Mn: 1.0 to 2.5%, Al: 0.005 to 3%. And P: 0.1% or less (not including 0%) and S: 0.05% or less (not including 0%).
  • the reason for setting such a range is the same as that of the first high-strength steel plate except for Si and Mn, and therefore the description is omitted.
  • Si and Mn will be described.
  • the Si contributes to increasing the strength of the steel sheet as a solid solution strengthening element, and suppresses the precipitation of carbide during holding in the T1 temperature range and T2 temperature range described later (during the austempering process), thereby reducing the residual ⁇ . It is an extremely important element for effective generation. Accordingly, the Si amount is 1.0% or more, preferably 1.2% or more, more preferably 1.3% or more. However, when Si is excessively contained, reverse transformation to the ⁇ phase does not occur during heating and soaking in annealing, and a large amount of polygonal ferrite remains, resulting in insufficient strength. In addition, Si scale is generated on the surface of the steel sheet during hot rolling to deteriorate the surface properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, the amount of Si is 3% or less, preferably 2.50% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less.
  • Mn is an element necessary for obtaining bainite and tempered martensite. Mn is an element that effectively acts to stabilize ⁇ and generate residual ⁇ . In order to exert such an effect, the amount of Mn is set to 1.0% or more, preferably 1.5% or more, more preferably 1.8% or more. However, when Mn is contained excessively, the generation of high temperature region bainite is remarkably suppressed. Further, excessive addition of Mn causes deterioration of weldability and workability due to segregation. Therefore, the Mn content is 2.5% or less, preferably 2.4% or less, and more preferably 2.3% or less.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention is excellent in workability because the tensile strength is 590 MPa or more, the elongation is excellent, and the local deformability is also good.
  • This second high-strength steel plate is suitably used as a material for structural parts of automobiles, like the first high-strength steel plate.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet has good workability in the warm condition, and can be suitably used as a material for warm forming.
  • the second high-strength steel plate includes a step of heating a steel plate satisfying the above component composition to a temperature range (two-phase temperature range) of Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower, and 50 seconds in the temperature range.
  • a step of holding for 200 seconds or more in a temperature range satisfying the following formula (2) in this order will be described in order. 400 ° C. ⁇ T1 (° C.) ⁇ 540 ° C. (1) 200 ° C. ⁇ T2 (° C.) ⁇ 400 ° C. (2)
  • a hot-rolled steel sheet obtained by hot rolling a slab according to a conventional method as a high-strength steel sheet before heating to a two-phase temperature range [temperature range of Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher, Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower] Prepare a cold rolled product.
  • the finish rolling temperature may be set to, for example, 800 ° C. or more, and the winding temperature may be set to, for example, 700 ° C. or less.
  • the rolling may be performed with the cold rolling rate in the range of 10 to 70%, for example.
  • the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained by cold rolling is heated to a temperature range of Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher and Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or lower in a continuous annealing line, and kept at this temperature range for 50 seconds or more and soaking. To do.
  • the heating temperature is Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or less, preferably Ac 3 point + 10 ° C. or less, more preferably less than Ac 3 point.
  • the heating temperature is Ac 3 point + 20 ° C. or less, preferably Ac 3 point + 10 ° C. or less, more preferably less than Ac 3 point.
  • the heating temperature is Ac 1 point + 20 ° C. or higher, preferably Ac 1 point + 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably Ac 1 point + 50 ° C. or higher.
  • the soaking time in the above two-phase temperature range is less than 50 seconds, the steel sheet cannot be heated uniformly, so the formation of residual ⁇ is suppressed, elongation and local deformability are reduced, and workability cannot be improved. Therefore, the soaking time is 50 seconds or longer, preferably 100 seconds or longer. However, if the soaking time is too long, the austenite grain size becomes large, and the polygonal ferrite grains are coarsened accordingly, and the elongation and local deformability tend to deteriorate. Therefore, the soaking time is preferably 500 seconds or shorter, more preferably 450 seconds or shorter.
  • the Ac 1 point and the Ac 3 point are the same as the first high-strength steel plate in the formula (a) described in “Leslie Steel Material Science” (Maruzen Co., Ltd., issued May 31, 1985, P.273). ) And formula (b).
  • the average cooling rate in this section is preferably 5 ° C./second or more, more preferably 10 ° C./second or more.
  • the average cooling rate in the section is 50 ° C./second or less, preferably 40 ° C./second or less, more preferably 30 ° C./second or less.
  • the second high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention can be produced by cooling to room temperature after holding in the T2 temperature range for a predetermined time.
  • a hot-dip galvanized layer or an alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer may be formed on the surface of the first high-strength steel plate.
  • the conditions for forming the hot-dip galvanized layer or the alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted. Since the specific conditions are the same as those of the first high-strength steel plate, description thereof is omitted.
  • the technology of the present invention can be suitably used particularly for a thin steel plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less.
  • the second high strength steel sheet according to the present invention has been described above.
  • Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-080953 filed on March 31, 2011, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-080954 filed on March 31, 2011, September 9, 2011 It claims the benefit of priority based on the Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-197670 filed and the Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-197671 filed on September 9, 2011.
  • Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-080953 filed on March 31, 2011, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-080954 filed on March 31, 2011, filed on September 9, 2011 The entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-197670 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-197671 filed on September 9, 2011 are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Example 1 is an example for the first high-strength steel plate
  • Example 2 is an example for the second high-strength steel plate.
  • the obtained experimental slab was hot-rolled, cold-rolled, and then continuously annealed to produce a test material.
  • Specific conditions are as follows.
  • the experimental slab was heated and held at 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes, then hot rolled so that the reduction rate was about 90% and the final rolling temperature was 920 ° C., and wound at this temperature at an average cooling rate of 30 ° C./second. It cooled to the temperature of 500 degreeC and wound up. After winding, it was kept at this winding temperature (500 ° C.) for 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to produce a hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
  • the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled to remove the surface scale, and then cold-rolled at a cold rolling rate of 46% to produce a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 1.4 mm.
  • the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet was heated to the temperature (° C.) shown in the following Table 3 to Table 5, held for the time shown in the following Table 3 to Table 5, and soaked, and then any one of the following four patterns
  • the sample was cooled and continuously annealed to produce a specimen.
  • Table 3 shows the stay time (seconds) in the T1 temperature range and the stay time (seconds) in the T2 temperature range.
  • start temperature Of the start temperature, end temperature, and start temperature in the T2 temperature range shown in Tables 3 to 5, the values marked with * are the T1 temperature range or T2 temperature defined in the present invention. Although it is out of the range, for convenience of explanation, the temperature is described in each column in order to show the heat pattern.
  • the obtained specimens were observed for metal structure and evaluated for mechanical properties in the following procedure.
  • the average interval between residual ⁇ and carbides observed as white or light gray was measured based on the method described above.
  • the area ratios of the high-temperature region-generated bainite and the low-temperature region-generated bainite, which are distinguished by these average intervals, were measured by a point calculation method.
  • Tables 6 to 8 below show the area ratio a (%) of the high-temperature region generated bainite, the total area ratio b (%) of the low-temperature region generated bainite and tempered martensite, and the area ratio c (%) of polygonal ferrite.
  • the total area ratio (a + b + c) of the area ratio a, the total area ratio b, and the area ratio c is also shown.
  • volume fraction of residual ⁇ was measured by the saturation magnetization method. Specifically, the saturation magnetization (I) of the specimen and the saturation magnetization (Is) of a standard sample heat-treated at 400 ° C. for 15 hours were measured, and the volume fraction (V ⁇ r) of residual ⁇ was obtained from the following formula.
  • the surface of the cross section parallel to the rolling direction of the test material is polished, and observed with five optical fields at an observation magnification of 1000 times using an optical microscope, corresponding to a circle of MA mixed phase in which residual ⁇ and quenching martensite are combined.
  • the diameter d was measured.
  • the ratio of the number of MA mixed phases in which the equivalent circle diameter d in the observation cross section exceeds 7 ⁇ m was calculated with respect to the total number of MA mixed phases.
  • the evaluation results are shown in Tables 6 to 8 below, assuming that the number ratio is less than 15% as pass ( ⁇ ), and the case where the number ratio is 15% or more as fail ( ⁇ ).
  • Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EL) were measured by conducting a tensile test based on JIS Z2241.
  • the test piece used was a No. 5 test piece defined in JIS Z2201 cut out from the test material such that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the test material was the longitudinal direction. The measurement results are shown in Tables 6 to 8 below.
  • the critical bending radius (R) was measured by performing a V-bending test based on JIS Z2248.
  • the test piece is No. 1 test piece (sheet thickness: 1.4 mm) defined in JIS Z2204 so that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the specimen is the longitudinal direction (the bending ridge line coincides with the rolling direction). ) was cut out from the test material.
  • the V-bending test was performed after mechanical grinding was performed on the end face in the longitudinal direction of the test piece so as not to cause cracks.
  • the angle between the die and the punch is 90 °
  • the tip radius of the punch is changed in units of 0.5 mm
  • a V-bending test is performed
  • the radius of the tip of the punch that can be bent without cracks is determined as the limit bending radius (R). It was.
  • the measurement results are shown in Tables 6 to 8 below.
  • the presence or absence of crack generation was observed using a loupe, and the determination was made based on the absence of hair crack generation.
  • the Eriksen value was measured by conducting an Eriksen test based on JIS Z2247.
  • the test piece used was cut from the test material so as to be 90 mm ⁇ 90 mm ⁇ 1.4 mm in thickness.
  • the Eriksen test was performed using a punch having a diameter of 20 mm.
  • Tables 6 to 8 The measurement results are shown in Tables 6 to 8 below.
  • the composite effect by both the total elongation characteristic and local ductility of a steel plate can be evaluated.
  • the mechanical properties of the specimens were evaluated according to the criteria of elongation (EL), hole expansion ratio ( ⁇ ), critical bending radius (R), and Erichsen value according to tensile strength (TS). That is, since EL, ⁇ , R, and Erichsen values required by steel sheet TS differ, mechanical characteristics were evaluated according to the following criteria according to the TS level.
  • the first high-strength steel sheet is based on the premise that TS is 780 MPa or more and less than 1370 MPa.
  • TS is 780 MPa or more and less than 1370 MPa.
  • EL, ⁇ , R, and Erichsen values were good. However, it is treated as exempt.
  • Table 1 to table 8 can be considered as follows. Nos. Shown in Tables 6 to 8 below. No. 1-70 Nos. 4, 29, 31, 38, 55, 65, and 67 are examples of cooling with the above pattern i. Nos. 7, 11, 14, and 33 are examples of cooling with the above pattern iii. 8 and 15 are examples cooled with the pattern iv, and the rest are examples cooled with the pattern ii.
  • No. in Table 6 No. 8 is an example in which the holding time in the T1 temperature range is too long, and the cooling is performed without holding in the T2 temperature range, and the generation of low temperature range bainite or the like is suppressed. In addition, a large amount of coarse MA mixed phase was produced. Accordingly, ⁇ is reduced and workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 6 13 is an example in which the average cooling rate to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the above formula (1) is too low after being heated and held in a two-phase temperature range, pearlite transformation occurs, the residual ⁇ amount is not ensured, and elongation Decreases and the workability deteriorates. No. in Table 6 No.
  • No. in Table 6 No. 31 is an example in which the holding time in the T1 temperature range is too short, and since the amount of high-temperature region-generated bainite is too small, elongation is lowered and workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 7 34 is an example in which the holding time in the T1 temperature range is long and not held in the T2 temperature range, and the generation of low temperature range bainite or the like is suppressed. Moreover, many coarse MA mixed phases are producing
  • No. in Table 7 In No. 37 since the heating temperature is too high, polygonal ferrite is not generated and elongation is lowered. Therefore, the workability of the steel sheet cannot be improved.
  • No. in Table 7 In 41 the heating temperature is too low, so polygonal ferrite is excessively generated and the strength is lowered.
  • No. in Table 7 No. 46 is an example in which the holding time in the two-phase temperature range is too short, and since the generation of residual ⁇ is suppressed, the elongation is reduced. Moreover, the Erichsen value is small and local deformability is reduced. Therefore, the workability of the steel sheet cannot be improved.
  • No. in Table 7 No. 48 is an example in which after soaking, it is held at a temperature exceeding the temperature in the T1 temperature range defined in the present invention, not held in the T1 temperature range, but cooled to the T2 temperature range and held in this temperature range. Polygonal ferrite is excessively generated, and the amount of high-temperature region-generated bainite is small, so that elongation is lowered and workability cannot be improved. No.
  • Table 7 No. 52 is an example in which, after being held in the T1 temperature range, cooled to a temperature lower than the T2 temperature range and not maintained in the T2 temperature range, almost no low temperature range bainite was generated, and coarse MA mixing was observed by SEM observation It is confirmed that a large amount of phase is present, and the strength is too high due to the presence of a large amount of quenched martensite.
  • No. in Table 8 No. 60 is an example in which the amount of C is too small. Since the amount of residual ⁇ produced is too small, the elongation and Erichsen values are small, and the workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 8 61 is an example in which the amount of Si is too large. Polygonal ferrite is excessively generated, and generation of high temperature region bainite, low temperature region bainite, and the like is suppressed. Therefore, the desired strength cannot be ensured.
  • No. in Table 8 62 is an example in which the amount of Si is too small, and the amount of residual ⁇ produced cannot be secured. Accordingly, the elongation is lowered and the workability is deteriorated. No.
  • Table 8 63 is an example in which the amount of Mn is too small, and quenching is not sufficiently performed, so that polygonal ferrite is excessively generated during cooling, and on the other hand, generation of low-temperature region-generated bainite and the like is suppressed. Accordingly, the elongation and hole expansion rate are small, the Erichsen value is also small, and the workability is deteriorated.
  • FIG. 4 shows the relationship between tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EL) for 32, 33, 35, 36, 38 to 40, 42).
  • TS tensile strength
  • EL elongation
  • the elongation (EL) can be increased by suppressing the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains to 10 ⁇ m or less, and the workability is further improved. I understand that I can do it.
  • the steel of the chemical composition shown in Table 9 below (the balance is iron and inevitable impurities other than P, S, N, and O) was vacuum-melted to produce an experimental slab.
  • Table 9 below REM used misch metal containing about 50% La and about 30% Ce.
  • the obtained experimental slab was hot-rolled, cold-rolled, and then continuously annealed to produce a test material.
  • Specific conditions are as follows.
  • the experimental slab was heated and held at 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes, then hot rolled so that the reduction rate was about 90% and the final rolling temperature was 920 ° C., and wound at this temperature at an average cooling rate of 30 ° C./second. It cooled to the temperature of 500 degreeC and wound up. After winding, it was kept at this winding temperature (500 ° C.) for 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to produce a hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
  • the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled to remove the surface scale, and then cold-rolled at a cold rolling rate of 46% to produce a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 1.4 mm.
  • the obtained cold-rolled steel sheet was heated to the temperature (° C.) shown in the following Table 10 and Table 11, held for the time shown in the following Table 10 and Table 11, and soaked, and then any one of the following four patterns
  • the sample was cooled and continuously annealed to produce a specimen.
  • the values marked with * are outside the T1 temperature range or T2 temperature range defined in the present invention.
  • the temperature is described in each column in order to show the heat pattern.
  • the obtained specimens were observed for metal structure and evaluated for mechanical properties in the following procedure.
  • the average interval between residual ⁇ and carbides observed as white or light gray was measured based on the method described above.
  • the area ratios of the high-temperature region-generated bainite and the low-temperature region-generated bainite, which are distinguished by these average intervals, were measured by a point calculation method.
  • Tables 12 and 13 below show the area ratio a (%) of polygonal ferrite, the area ratio b (%) of the high temperature region bainite, and the total area ratio c (%) of the low temperature region bainite and tempered martensite. Further, the total area ratio (a + b + c) of the area ratio a, the area ratio b, and the total area ratio c is also shown.
  • volume fraction of residual ⁇ was measured by the saturation magnetization method. Specifically, the saturation magnetization (I) of the specimen and the saturation magnetization (Is) of a standard sample heat-treated at 400 ° C. for 15 hours were measured, and the volume fraction (V ⁇ r) of residual ⁇ was obtained from the following formula.
  • the surface of the cross section parallel to the rolling direction of the test material is polished, and observed with five optical fields at an observation magnification of 1000 times using an optical microscope, corresponding to a circle of MA mixed phase in which residual ⁇ and quenching martensite are combined.
  • the diameter d was measured.
  • the ratio of the number of MA mixed phases in which the equivalent circle diameter d in the observation cross section exceeds 7 ⁇ m was calculated with respect to the total number of MA mixed phases.
  • Tables 12 and 13 below, with the case where the number ratio is less than 15% as pass ( ⁇ ) and the case where the number ratio is 15% or more as failure (X).
  • Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EL) were measured by conducting a tensile test based on JIS Z2241.
  • the test piece used was a No. 5 test piece defined in JIS Z2201 cut out from the test material such that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the test material was the longitudinal direction. The measurement results are shown in Tables 12 and 13 below.
  • the critical bending radius (R) was measured by performing a V-bending test based on JIS Z2248.
  • the test piece is No. 1 test piece (sheet thickness: 1.4 mm) defined in JIS Z2204 so that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the specimen is the longitudinal direction (the bending ridge line coincides with the rolling direction). ) was cut out from the test material.
  • the V-bending test was performed after mechanical grinding was performed on the end face in the longitudinal direction of the test piece so as not to cause cracks.
  • the angle between the die and the punch is 90 °
  • the tip radius of the punch is changed in units of 0.5 mm
  • a V-bending test is performed
  • the radius of the tip of the punch that can be bent without cracks is determined as the limit bending radius (R). It was.
  • the measurement results are shown in Tables 12 and 13 below.
  • the presence or absence of crack generation was observed using a loupe, and the determination was made based on the absence of hair crack generation.
  • the Eriksen value was measured by conducting an Eriksen test based on JIS Z2247.
  • the test piece used was cut from the test material so as to be 90 mm ⁇ 90 mm ⁇ 1.4 mm in thickness.
  • the Eriksen test was performed using a punch having a diameter of 20 mm.
  • the measurement results are shown in Tables 12 and 13 below.
  • the composite effect by both the total elongation characteristic and local ductility of a steel plate can be evaluated.
  • the mechanical properties of the specimens were evaluated according to the criteria of elongation (EL), hole expansion ratio ( ⁇ ), critical bending radius (R), and Erichsen value according to tensile strength (TS). That is, since EL, ⁇ , R, and Erichsen values required by steel sheet TS differ, mechanical characteristics were evaluated according to the following criteria according to the TS level.
  • TS is 590 MPa or more and less than 1270 MPa.
  • EL, ⁇ , R, and Erichsen values were good. However, it is treated as exempt.
  • Table 9 to Table 13 can be considered as follows. No. shown in Table 12 and Table 13 below. No. 1 to 43 Nos. 1, 3, 4, 11, 14, 15, 20, and 28 are examples of cooling with the above pattern i. Nos. 2 and 6 are examples cooled with the above pattern iii. Reference numeral 19 is an example of cooling with the pattern iv, and the rest is an example of cooling with the pattern ii.
  • No. in Table 12 No. 4 is an example in which the average cooling rate when cooling to an arbitrary temperature T satisfying the above formula (1) after being heated and held in the two-phase temperature range is too small, causing pearlite transformation, and the desired residual ⁇ amount is Not obtained. Therefore, the strength is insufficient.
  • No. in Table 12 No. 8 is an example in which the holding time in the two-phase temperature range is too short, and the amount of residual ⁇ was not secured, so that the strength was insufficient.
  • No. in Table 12 No. 9 is an example in which after soaking, the temperature is maintained at a temperature exceeding the temperature in the T1 temperature range defined in the present invention, not maintained in the T1 temperature range, but cooled to the T2 temperature range and maintained in this temperature range.
  • No. in Table 12 No. 12 is an example in which, after being held in the T1 temperature range, cooled to a temperature lower than the T2 temperature range, it was not maintained in the T2 temperature range, and low temperature range bainite was hardly generated, and coarse MA mixing was observed by SEM observation. It was confirmed that a large amount of phase was present, and a lot of quenched martensite was present. Accordingly, all of the elongation, the hole expansion ratio, the critical bending radius, and the Erichsen value do not satisfy the acceptance criteria defined in the present invention, and the workability cannot be improved. No.
  • Table 12 15 is an example in which the holding time in the T1 temperature range is long and not held in the T2 temperature range, and the generation of low temperature range bainite or the like is suppressed. Moreover, many coarse MA mixed phases are producing
  • the temperature is not maintained in the T1 temperature range but is cooled to the T2 temperature range at a stretch, and is maintained at two temperatures in this temperature range. Since the temperature is maintained only in the T2 temperature range, almost no high-temperature range bainite is generated and almost no residual ⁇ is generated. Accordingly, the elongation and the Erichsen value are lowered, and the workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 13 No. 31 was an example in which the heating temperature was too low, and the amount of polygonal ferrite produced increased, and high temperature region bainite, low temperature region bainite, etc., and residual ⁇ were not produced at all. Accordingly, the elongation is lowered and the workability cannot be improved.
  • No. in Table 13 No. 34 is an example in which the amount of C is too small. Since the amount of residual ⁇ produced is too small, the elongation and Erichsen values are small, and the workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 13 No. 35 is an example in which the amount of Si is too small. Since the amount of residual ⁇ produced is too small, elongation is lowered and workability is deteriorated.
  • No. in Table 13 36 is an example in which the amount of Mn is too small, and quenching has not been sufficiently performed. Thus, formation of polygonal ferrite is promoted during cooling, but generation of low-temperature region bainite and the like is suppressed. Accordingly, the elongation, the hole expansion rate, and the limit bending radius are reduced, and the workability is deteriorated.
  • ⁇ represents the result of the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains being 10 ⁇ m or less
  • ⁇ represents the result of the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains exceeding 10 ⁇ m.
  • the elongation (EL) can be increased by suppressing the average equivalent circle diameter D of the polygonal ferrite grains to 10 ⁇ m or less, and the workability is further improved. I understand that I can do it.

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Abstract

L'invention propose : une tôle d'acier à haute résistance possédant des caractéristiques améliorées tant en termes d'allongement que d'aptitude au formage local et présente ainsi une excellente aptitude au façonnage ; et un procédé de fabrication associé. La tôle d'acier à haute résistance contient C, Si, Mn, Al, P et S, le reste étant constitué de fer et des inévitables impuretés. Elle a une structure métallique qui comprend de la ferrite polygonale, de la bainite, de la martensite revenue et de l'austénite résiduelle et qui présente les caractéristiques suivantes : (1) la bainite, quand la structure métallique est observée au microscope électronique à balayage, est constituée d'une structure composite comprenant à la fois une bainite formée à haute température, dans laquelle l'espacement moyen entre des régions adjacentes d'austénite résiduelle et/ou de carbure est égal ou supérieur à 1 μm, et une bainite formée à basse température, dans laquelle l'espacement moyen entre des régions d'austénite résiduelle et/ou de carbure est inférieur à 1 μm ; et (2) la fraction volumique de l'austénite résiduelle telle que déterminée par un procédé d'aimantation à saturation est de 5% ou plus par rapport à l'ensemble de la structure métallique.
PCT/JP2012/057210 2011-03-31 2012-03-21 Tôle d'acier à haute résistance présentant une excellente aptitude au façonnage, et son procédé de fabrication WO2012133057A1 (fr)

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WO2021125602A3 (fr) * 2019-12-18 2021-08-05 주식회사 포스코 Tôle d'acier à haute résistance ayant une excellente aptitude au pliage et son procédé de fabrication

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