WO2012127558A1 - 新品種、植物品種の鑑別方法、及びイネ個体を早生化する方法 - Google Patents
新品種、植物品種の鑑別方法、及びイネ個体を早生化する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/10—Seeds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
- C12N15/8262—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield involving plant development
- C12N15/8266—Abscission; Dehiscence; Senescence
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new cultivar produced by a non-genetic recombination method, a method for distinguishing the new cultivar, and a method for premature rice plants.
- a group that belongs to the same species, but has a different genetic composition, and is different from other groups in a certain trait is called a breed. That is, even if it is the same kind of plant, the difficulty of cultivation, resistance to pest damage, yield, quality, and the like differ depending on the variety. For this reason, in crops, especially major crops such as rice and wheat, varieties have been improved to obtain better varieties since ancient times. In recent years, not only seed companies, but also countries and prefectures. It has also been actively conducted in the public institutions.
- genes of various plants such as Arabidopsis, rice, and wheat have been analyzed, and the obtained gene information has been disclosed. Many of these varieties have been improved by introducing a gene of a foreign species by a genetic recombination method using the disclosed gene information.
- breeding by genetic recombination has the advantage that a trait of a distantly related species that cannot normally be crossed can be introduced, there is a problem that its safety verification is not always sufficient.
- rice is desired to breed varieties that have the same quality and yield as conventional varieties but are a little earlier or a little later than conventional varieties.
- the rice cultivar Koshihikari that consumers prefer is cultivated, but when only Koshihikari is cultivated on a large scale, harvest-related work is concentrated in a short period of time, which requires a lot of labor.
- As a method of shifting the harvesting period a method of shifting the seeding period can be considered.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new rice cultivar that has become faster than the original variety, and a method for quickly cultivating a rice individual.
- the present inventor has replaced the chromosomal fragment of a specific region present on the third chromosome of the rice cultivar Habataki with the rice cultivar Koshihikari, so that the harvest period can be improved over that of Koshihikari.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it can be accelerated.
- the present invention (1) Rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa 5 (Oryza sativa L. cultivar Koshihikari-kazusa5 gou), whose cultivar registration application number is 25586, (2) A progeny individual obtained by mating two individuals selected from the group consisting of an individual of the variety described in (1) and a progeny individual of the individual of the variety described in (1), (3) A method for discriminating whether a rice individual is a specific variety,
- the SNP corresponding to the 31st, 521, and 442nd SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) in the 3rd chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare is A DNA in rice cultivar Koshihikari and C in rice cultivar Habataki as DNA marker M1
- the SNP corresponding to the 31st, 689th, and 690th SNPs of chromosome 3 of rice cultivar Nipponbare (C for rice cultivar Koshihikari and T for rice cultivar Habataki) is defined as DNA marker
- a rice cultivar Habataki is substituted with a chromosomal fragment consisting of the region, a method for premature rice individuals, (5) A region corresponding to the region from the 31,720,064th base to the 32,314,677th base in the third chromosome of the rice variety Nipponbare in the third chromosome of the rice individual Koshihikari Kazusa No.
- a rice cultivar Habataki is substituted with a chromosomal fragment consisting of the region, a method for premature rice individuals, (6)
- the upstream end of the chromosome fragment is present in a region corresponding to a region including the 31st, 689th, 691st base to the 31st, 720, 064th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare, and
- the chromosomal fragment is present so that the downstream end of the chromosomal fragment is present in a region corresponding to the region from the 32,314,677th base to the 32,363,156th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare.
- a rice cultivar Habataki is substituted with a chromosomal fragment consisting of the region, a method for premature rice individuals, (8) the upstream end of the chromosomal fragment is present in a region corresponding to a region including from the 31,521,443th base to the 31,689,690th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare;
- the chromosomal fragment is present so that the downstream end of the chromosomal fragment is present in the region corresponding to the region from the 32,363,157th base to the 32,384,798th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare.
- a method for prematurely developing the rice individual according to (7) wherein (9) A rice cultivar produced by the method for rapidly growing a rice individual according to any one of (4) to (8), (10) A progeny individual obtained by mating two individuals selected from the group consisting of an individual of the variety described in (9) and a progeny individual of the individual of the variety described in (9), (11) A region corresponding to the region from the 32,309,502 th base to the 32,314,677 th base in the third chromosome of the rice variety Nipponbare in the third chromosome of the rice individual Koshihikari Kazusa No.
- a rice chromosome cultivar Habataki the method comprising the step of cultivating rice individuals, characterized by replacing the chromosome fragment consisting of the region, (12)
- Rice varieties produced by the method of late-growing the rice individuals according to (11), (13) A progeny individual obtained by mating two individuals selected from the group consisting of an individual of the variety described in (12) and a progeny individual of the individual of the variety described in (12), Is provided.
- the rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5, which is a new variety of the present invention, is quicker than Koshihikari, but is a new cultivar that is almost equivalent to Koshihikari in characteristics other than the harvest period such as quality and yield.
- the rice individual of the present invention can be made to grow faster than the original cultivar by the method for making the rice individual grow faster.
- the chromosome fragment replacement line means a line in which only a part of the chromosome of the original variety is replaced with a chromosome fragment derived from a foreign variety.
- the foreign cultivar is not particularly limited as long as it is a cultivar other than the original cultivar, and may be a plant cultivar of the same species as the original cultivar, or a plant cultivar of a species different from the original cultivar. It may be a variety other than plants such as animals.
- the cultivar means a group that can be clearly distinguished from other varieties in the same species in a certain trait because the plants are of the same species and have different genetic constitutions.
- the DNA marker is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the difference in the DNA sequence on the chromosome that can distinguish the chromosome derived from the original variety and the chromosome derived from the foreign variety.
- DNA markers can be used.
- the DNA marker may be, for example, a marker capable of detecting a genetic polymorphism such as SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, single gene polymorphism) or SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats, simple repeat sequence), and the like.
- RFLP Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism
- discrimination between the original variety-derived alleles and the foreign variety-derived alleles by these DNA markers can be performed by a conventional method. For example, using DNA extracted from each individual as a template, performing PCR using a primer that can specifically hybridize with a specific SNP or SSR, detecting the presence or absence of a PCR product using electrophoresis or the like, Polymorphism can be identified. In addition, after DNA extracted from each individual is treated with a restriction enzyme, the pattern of the DNA fragment can be detected using electrophoresis or the like to identify each polymorphism.
- a primer that can specifically hybridize with a specific SNP or SSR can be designed by a conventional method using a commonly used primer design tool or the like according to the base sequence of the SNP or SSR.
- designed primers and the like can be synthesized using any method well known in the art.
- DNA markers known DNA markers can be used as appropriate. Moreover, the DNA marker produced newly may be sufficient. As known DNA markers, for example, in rice, the SNP marker disclosed in International Publication No. 2003/070934, etc., Rice Genome Research Program (RGP: http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp) /Publicdata.html) publicly available DNA markers can be used.
- RGP Rice Genome Research Program
- the gene information of each variety can be obtained from, for example, NCBI (National center for Biotechnology Information) and DDBJ (DNA Data Bank of Japan), which are international base sequence databases.
- the genetic information of each rice variety can be obtained from KOME (Knowledge-based Oryza Molecular biologic Encyclopedia, http://cdna01.dna.affrc.go.jp/cDNA/).
- the region from the Xth base to the Yth base of the chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare is the nucleotide sequence of the genomic DNA of rice cultivar Nipponbare published in RGB (version 4; IRGSP- This is an area determined based on build4-06 / 04/21).
- the region corresponding to the region from the Xth base to the Yth base of the chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare refers to the chromosome of the rice cultivar Nipponbare in the chromosome of the rice individual. This region is highly homologous to the region, and can be determined by aligning the known genomic DNA of the rice cultivar Nipponbare and the base sequence of the genomic DNA of the rice individual so as to have the highest homology.
- SNPs corresponding to SNPs of rice varieties Nipponbare” in rice individuals other than rice varieties Nipponbare include the known genomic DNA of rice varieties Nipponbare and the genomic DNA of the rice individual in the region containing the SNP. , When aligned so that the homology is highest, it means a base at a position corresponding to the SNP.
- the inventors of the present invention In order to breed new varieties that are a little earlier or a little later than conventional varieties, the inventors of the present invention first crossed the rice cultivar Habataki and the rice cultivar Koshihikari with respect to the heading stage, and QTL ( Quantitative Trait Locus) analysis was performed. As a result, it was found that QTL that delayed the heading period and became late life was present in the QTS4 region of the long arm of chromosome 3. By substituting the gene contained in this region of Koshihikari with a gene derived from Habataki, it was predicted that late rice would be obtained rather than the original cultivar Koshihikari.
- QTL Quantitative Trait Locus
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing genomes of Koshihikari, QTS4 heterotype, and QTS4 homotype. Furthermore, when the heading time of each rice was measured in a field in Chiba Prefecture (seeding date: May 6, 2010, transplanting date: June 1, 2010), the heading of Koshihikari as shown in FIG. QTS4 heterotype was from August 9 to August 12, while QTS4 homotype was from August 11 to August 16, whereas the period was from July 31 to August 5. . That is, it was found that both the QTS4 heterotype and the QTS4 homotype are clearly late-life than the original Koshihikari, and the tendency is stronger in the QTS4 homotype than in the QTS4 heterotype.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing Koshihikari and QTS14 homotype genomes. Further, when the heading time of each rice was measured in a field in Chiba Prefecture (seeding date: May 6, 2010, transplanting date: June 1, 2010), as shown in FIG. 4, heading of Koshihikari The QTS14 homotype was from July 24 to July 26, whereas the period was from August 5 to August 8. In other words, it was found that the QTS14 homotype was clearly earlier than the original variety Koshihikari.
- a chromosome fragment that expresses a late-life trait contained in the Habataki-derived QTS4 region (hereinafter, a late-cause chromosome fragment) and an early-early life that is contained in the Habataki-derived QTS14 region.
- a late-cause chromosome fragment a late-cause chromosome fragment
- an early-early life that is contained in the Habataki-derived QTS14 region.
- the QTS4 area and the QTS14 area are adjacent to each other. For this reason, the present inventor attempted to produce rice that is a little earlier or slightly later than Koshihikari by replacing the Habataki-derived chromosomal fragment of the region including both regions and the region between them with Koshihikari.
- the DNA marker M2 is located upstream or upstream of a region including the QTS4 region and the QTS14 region (hereinafter, “(QTS4 + QTS14) region”), the DNA marker M1 is upstream of the DNA marker M2, and the downstream of the (QTS4 + QTS14) region.
- a DNA marker M4 was set at the side end or downstream thereof, a DNA marker M5 was set downstream of the DNA marker M4, and a DNA marker M3 was set in the (QTS4 + QTS14) region.
- the progeny individuals were obtained such that the upstream end of “L”) was between DNA markers M1 and M2, and the downstream end of the region was between DNA markers M4 and M5.
- the progeny individuals are of the same type as Koshihikari, whose DNA markers M1 and M5 are the original varieties, and the DNA markers M2, M3, and M4 are of the same type as Habataki.
- the distance d1 between the DNA markers M1 and M2 is long, the upstream end of the foreign-variety-derived chromosome fragment (in this application, Habataki-derived chromosome fragment) L exists.
- the range to be obtained is wide, and the length of the introduced Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L is difficult to determine.
- the distance d1 is short, the range in which the upstream end of the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L can exist is narrow, and the length of the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L to be introduced is easily determined.
- the distance d3 between the DNA markers M4 and M5 is long, the range in which the downstream end of the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L can exist is wide, and the length of the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L to be introduced becomes difficult to determine. If d3 is short, the range in which the downstream end of Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L can exist is narrow, and the length of Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L to be introduced is easily determined.
- the introduction of a gene other than the target gene means that a gene other than the target gene existing in the original variety is also replaced, and the excellent traits possessed by the original variety are inadvertently damaged. There is a risk of being lost.
- the length of the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment L is the shortest region including the QTS4 region and the QTS14 region (the region from the upstream end of the QTS14 region to the downstream end of the QTS4 region, hereinafter referred to as “(QTS4 + QTS14) region”). It is preferable that it is not unnecessarily long compared to the above.
- the present inventor established a plurality of sets of DNA markers M1 to M5, created a plurality of individuals into which chromosome fragments having different lengths including the (QTS4 + QTS14) region were introduced, and examined the heading time of each individual. As a result, all of them were early-growing individuals whose heading stage was slightly earlier than Koshihikari.
- the SNP (A in rice cultivar Koshihikari and C in rice cultivar Habataki) corresponding to SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) of chromosome 3,521,442 of chromosome 3 of cultivar Nipponbare is DNA marker M1 (DNA marker M1-Ac)
- SNP (C for rice cultivar Koshihikari and T for rice cultivar Habataki) is the DNA marker M2 (DNA marker M2-Ct)
- the rice cultivar Nihonbara SNP corresponding to the 32, 208, and 924 th SNPs of chromosome 3 is the DNA marker M3 (DNA marker M3-Ag), and the SNP corresponding to the 32,363,157th
- Rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 is an individual produced using a DNA marker set in which the length of the introduced Habataki-derived chromosome fragment is the shortest among the DNA marker sets used for breeding new varieties.
- Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 is a new cultivar produced by the method described in Patent Document 1, and it is very early that it maintains the excellent traits such as taste of Koshihikari even though it is a little earlier than Koshihikari. It is an excellent variety. Therefore, the applicant filed a variety registration application for Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 under the Japanese Seedling Law (Act No. 83 of May 29, 1998). : January 28, 2011, kind registration application number: No. 25586).
- the region of rice cultivar Koshihikari kazusa 5 is composed of a chromosome fragment comprising the region of rice cultivar Habataki, it may be replaced with a chromosome fragment comprising the region of rice cultivar Koshihikari kazusa 5.
- the rice individual that is rapidly grown by introducing a chromosome fragment comprising the region of the rice cultivar Habataki may be any cultivar that has the same or similar base sequence as the rice cultivar Koshihikari, although not limited to Koshihikari, it is preferable that it is a rice variety Koshihikari or a new variety produced using it as a parent variety from the viewpoint of consumer preference.
- the upstream end of the chromosomal fragment derived from the rice cultivar Habataki (or the rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5) is located downstream from the DNA marker M1-Ac and up to the DNA marker M2-Ct (that is, rice A region corresponding to the region from the 31st, 521, 443th base to the 31st, 689th, 690th base in the third chromosome of the cultivar Nipponbare, the downstream end of which is from the DNA marker M4-At to the DNA Present in the region upstream from the marker M5-Tg (ie, the region corresponding to the region from the 32,363,157th base to the 32,384,798th base in the third chromosome of the rice variety Nipponbare)
- the chromosome fragment into the third chromosome of a rice individual, it has a clear effect on traits other than the heading stage. And without the rice individuals, it is possible to early reduction than the original cultivar.
- Hd6 contains a region encoding the Casein kinase II subunit alpha gene (Takahashi, et.al., PNAS (2001) vol.98, No.14, p7922-7927).
- the region encoding the gene of the rice variety Habataki has a different sequence from the allele of the rice variety Koshihikari.
- the causative gene causing late vegetation in the QTS4 region is the Casein kinase II subunit alpha gene.
- the chromosome fragment derived from the rice cultivar Habataki introduced into the chromosome of the rice individual by substitution was found to contain the rice cultivar. It was confirmed that the entire region encoding the gene of Habataki was included.
- the Casein kinase II subunit alpha gene is an allele fragment of the rice cultivar Nipponbare, which has been published in the region from the 32,309,502th base to the 32,314,677th base of the 3rd chromosome of the rice cultivar Karasasu.
- the regions from the 32,350,406th base to the 32,362,686th base are mapped. Therefore, the region corresponding to the region from the 32,309,502th base to the 32,314,677th base in the third chromosome of the rice cultivar Nipponbare in the third chromosome of the rice individual is designated as the rice cultivar Koshihikari.
- the gene contained in the QTS14 region was examined, a region encoding the phytochrome C gene was contained in the vicinity of 31.7 Mbp of the third chromosome in the region. It has been reported that this gene is mainly involved in the control of plant flowering time (US Pat. No. 7,656,815). Therefore, it is inferred that the causative gene causing prematurity in the QTS14 region is the phytochrome C gene.
- the phytochrome C gene is mapped to the region from the 31,720,064th base to the 31,724,043rd base of the third chromosome in the rice cultivar Nipponbare. Therefore, the region corresponding to the region from the 31st, 720, 064th base to the 31st, 724, 043th base in the 3rd chromosome of the rice cultivar Nipponbare in the 3rd chromosome of the rice individual is designated as the rice cultivar Koshihikari.
- a chromosome fragment comprising the region of Kazusa No. 5 or the rice cultivar Habataki, rice individuals can be prematurely born.
- the region containing the late-causing gene in the QTS4 region and the region containing the early-causing gene in the QTS14 region is replaced by a Habataki-derived chromosome fragment, the region from the DNA marker M2-Ct to the DNA marker M4-At Even in rice plants in which a short region is replaced by a Habataki-derived chromosome fragment, it is considered that premature aging is caused as in the rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5.
- the region corresponding to the region from the 31st, 720, 064th base to the 32, 314th, 677th base in the third chromosome of the rice cultivar Nipponbare in the chromosome of the rice individual is the rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa 5 It is considered that the rice individual can be born faster than the original variety by substituting the chromosome fragment consisting of the region of No. or rice variety Habataki. In this case, the upstream end of the chromosome fragment is present in a region corresponding to the region from the 31st, 689th, 691st base to the 31st, 720th, 064th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare.
- the chromosome end of the chromosome fragment is present in the region corresponding to the region from the 32,314,677th base to the 32,363,156th base of the third chromosome of rice cultivar Nipponbare.
- Rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 is a new cultivar whose heading time has been slightly advanced without clearly affecting other characteristics of Koshihikari such as yield. For this reason, for example, even when Koshihikari and Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 were sowed at almost the same time, Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 reached the heading time several days earlier than Koshihikari, so Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 was first harvested. Later, Koshihikari can be harvested. By shifting the harvesting time in this way, the harvesting operation can be dispersed even in large-scale cultivation, and it can be harvested at an appropriate time, so that good rice with good taste can be harvested.
- Rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 can be cultivated by the same method as the original cultivar Koshihikari, and rice can be harvested by self-mating or artificial mating.
- the rice variety Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 and its progeny individuals can be used as parent individuals for breeding new varieties, similar to the original variety Koshihikari. For example, trying to breed a new variety by crossing an individual of rice variety Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 with an individual of a different variety and backcrossing the obtained progeny individual with an individual of rice variety Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 You can also.
- DNA marker M1-Ac DNA marker M2-Ct
- DNA marker M3-Ag DNA marker M4-At
- DNA marker M5-Tg DNA marker M5-Tg
- the method for distinguishing rice varieties of the present invention is a method for discriminating whether or not a rice individual is a specific variety, and by analyzing the genome of the rice individual, the DNA marker M1-Ac, One or more DNA markers selected from the group consisting of the DNA marker M2-Ct, the DNA marker M3-Ag, the DNA marker M4-At, and the DNA marker M5-Tg are typed, and the obtained typing result is the rice cultivar Koshihikari. When the results match those of Kazusa No.
- the rice individual is the rice variety Koshihi Characterized by discriminating that the RiKazusa No. 5.
- all of the DNA markers M1 to M5 may be used for identifying the varieties, or some of the five DNA markers may be used.
- only DNA markers M1 and M2 that are upstream recombination points may be used, only DNA markers M4 and M5 that are downstream recombination points may be used, or only DNA markers M2 and M4 may be used.
- Good. By appropriately combining a plurality of DNA markers, more rigorous product identification becomes possible.
- Example 1 Among the Koshihikari chromosomes, the chromosome fragment replacement system in which only a part including the (QTS4 + QTS14) region was replaced with the Habataki-derived chromosome fragment was used as a parent individual, and a new variety with a little earlier harvesting season than the original variety Koshihikari was created. . First, chromosomal fragment substitution lines and Koshihikari were crossed, and 10 progeny individuals (seed) whose DNA marker M3-Ag is a heterochromosomal region of Koshihikari-derived allele and Habataki-derived allele were harvested. All the seeds obtained were cultivated, self-bred (self-mating), and seeds that were progeny individuals were harvested.
- the harvested seeds were further cultivated. After growing to the extent that it can be transplanted to the field, DNA is collected from the leaves of each cultivated individual, and the DNA marker M1-Ac is the homochromosomal region of the Koshihikari-derived allele, and the DNA marker M2-Ct and the DNA marker M3 (DNA marker A cultivated individual in which M3-Ag) is a heterochromosomal region of an allele derived from Koshihikari and an allele derived from Habataki was selected. The selected cultivated individuals were bred (self-mating), and seeds that were progeny individuals were harvested. The harvested seeds are further cultivated and grown to such an extent that they can be transplanted to the field.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the genome of Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5.
- Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 and Koshihikari were compared (conducted in Chiba Prefecture in 2009).
- the examination of the traits was conducted in accordance with the characteristic examination for the variety registration application based on Article 5 Paragraph 1 of the Seedling and Seedling Law (Act No. 83 of 1998).
- the examination results are shown in Tables 2-5.
- Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 was about 5-6 days earlier than Koshihikari in both heading and maturity.
- Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5 had a slightly shorter pod length, main stem length, main stem length, and fewer ears and main stem grains than Koshihikari, but other traits were basically Koshihikari. Was the same.
- the rice cultivar Koshihikari Kazusa No. 5, which is a new variety of the present invention, has the same quality and yield as Koshihikari except that it is quicker than Koshihikari, so it can be used particularly in the field of agriculture. Moreover, since the rice individual of the present invention can be made to grow faster than the original variety, the method can be used particularly in the field of plant breeding.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 品種登録出願番号が第25586号である、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号(Oryza sativa L.cultivar Koshihikari-kazusa5 gou)、
(2) 前記(1)記載の品種の個体及び前記(1)記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体、
(3) あるイネ個体が、特定の品種であるか否かを鑑別する方法であって、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,521,442番目のSNP(一塩基多型)に相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではC)をDNAマーカーM1とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,689,690番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではC、イネ品種ハバタキではT)をDNAマーカーM2とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,208,924番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではG)をDNAマーカーM3とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,363,157番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではT)をDNAマーカーM4とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,384,799番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではT、イネ品種ハバタキではG)をDNAマーカーM5とし、
当該イネ個体のゲノム解析により、前記DNAマーカーM1~M5からなる群より選択される1以上のDNAマーカーをタイピングし、
得られたタイピング結果がイネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号(Oryza sativa L.cultivar Koshihikari-kazusa5 gou)の結果と一致する場合に、当該イネ個体がイネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号であると鑑別することを特徴とする、イネ品種の鑑別方法、
(4) イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,720,064番目の塩基から31,724,043番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法、
(5) イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,720,064番目の塩基から32,314,677番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法、
(6) 前記染色体断片の上流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,689,691番目の塩基から31,720,064番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在し、かつ当該染色体断片の下流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,314,677番目の塩基から32,363,156番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在するように、当該染色体断片を置換することを特徴とする前記(5)記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法、
(7) イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,689,690番目の塩基から32,363,157番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法、
(8) 前記染色体断片の上流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,521,443番目の塩基から31,689,690番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在し、かつ当該染色体断片の下流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,363,157番目の塩基から32,384,798番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在するように、当該染色体断片を置換することを特徴とする前記(7)記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法、
(9) 前記(4)~(8)のいずれか一つに記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法により作出されたイネ品種、
(10) 前記(9)記載の品種の個体及び前記(9)記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体、
(11) イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の32,309,502番目の塩基から32,314,677番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を晩生化する方法、
(12) 前記(11)に記載のイネ個体を晩生化する方法により作出されたイネ品種、
(13) 前記(12)記載の品種の個体及び前記(12)記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体、
を、提供するものである。
また、本発明のイネ個体を早生化する方法により、イネ個体を元品種よりも早生化することができる
コシヒカリの染色体のうち、(QTS4+QTS14)領域を含む一部のみがハバタキ由来の染色体断片に置換されている染色体断片置換系統を親個体とし、元品種コシヒカリよりも少し収穫期が早い新品種を作出した。
まず、染色体断片置換系統とコシヒカリとを交配させ、DNAマーカーM3-Agが、コシヒカリ由来アレルとハバタキ由来アレルとのヘテロ染色体領域である後代個体(種子)を10個収穫した。得られた種子を全て栽培し、自殖(自家交配)させ、さらに後代個体である種子を収穫した。
収穫された種子をさらに栽培した。圃場に移植できる程度に成育させた後、各栽培個体の葉からDNAを回収し、DNAマーカーM1-Acがコシヒカリ由来アレルのホモ染色体領域であり、DNAマーカーM2-Ct及びDNAマーカーM3(DNAマーカーM3-Ag)がコシヒカリ由来アレルとハバタキ由来アレルとのヘテロ染色体領域である栽培個体を選抜した。
この選抜された栽培個体を自殖(自家交配)させ、さらに後代個体である種子を収穫した。この収穫された種子をさらに栽培し、圃場に移植できる程度に成育させた後、各栽培個体の葉からDNAを回収し、DNAマーカーM1-Ac及びDNAマーカーM5-Tgがコシヒカリ由来アレルのホモ染色体領域であり、前記DNAマーカーM2-Ct、DNAマーカーM3(DNAマーカーM3-Ag)、及びDNAマーカーM4-Atがハバタキ由来アレルのホモ染色体領域である栽培個体1個を選抜した。この選抜された栽培個体が、(QTS4+QTS14)領域を、ハバタキ由来染色体断片に置換した新品種であり、本発明者はこの新品種を「コシヒカリかずさ5号」と命名した。図6はコシヒカリかずさ5号のゲノムを模式的に表した図である。
Claims (13)
- 品種登録出願番号が第25586号である、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号(Oryza sativa L.cultivar Koshihikari-kazusa5 gou)。
- 請求項1記載の品種の個体及び請求項1記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体。
- あるイネ個体が、特定の品種であるか否かを鑑別する方法であって、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,521,442番目のSNP(一塩基多型)に相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではC)をDNAマーカーM1とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,689,690番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではC、イネ品種ハバタキではT)をDNAマーカーM2とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,208,924番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではG)をDNAマーカーM3とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,363,157番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではA、イネ品種ハバタキではT)をDNAマーカーM4とし、
イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,384,799番目のSNPに相当するSNP(イネ品種コシヒカリではT、イネ品種ハバタキではG)をDNAマーカーM5とし、
当該イネ個体のゲノム解析により、前記DNAマーカーM1~M5からなる群より選択される1以上のDNAマーカーをタイピングし、
得られたタイピング結果がイネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号(Oryza sativa L.cultivar Koshihikari-kazusa5 gou)の結果と一致する場合に、当該イネ個体がイネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号であると鑑別することを特徴とする、イネ品種の鑑別方法。 - イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,720,064番目の塩基から31,724,043番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法。
- イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,720,064番目の塩基から32,314,677番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法。
- 前記染色体断片の上流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,689,691番目の塩基から31,720,064番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在し、かつ当該染色体断片の下流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,314,677番目の塩基から32,363,156番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在するように、当該染色体断片を置換することを特徴とする請求項5記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法。
- イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の31,689,690番目の塩基から32,363,157番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を早生化する方法。
- 前記染色体断片の上流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の31,521,443番目の塩基から31,689,690番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在し、かつ当該染色体断片の下流端が、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体の32,363,157番目の塩基から32,384,798番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域に存在するように、当該染色体断片を置換することを特徴とする請求項7記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法。
- 請求項4~8のいずれか一項に記載のイネ個体を早生化する方法により作出されたイネ品種。
- 請求項9記載の品種の個体及び請求項9記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体。
- イネ個体の第3染色体中の、イネ品種日本晴の第3染色体中の32,309,502番目の塩基から32,314,677番目の塩基までを含む領域に相当する領域を、イネ品種コシヒカリかずさ5号又はイネ品種ハバタキの当該領域からなる染色体断片に置換することを特徴とする、イネ個体を晩生化する方法。
- 請求項11に記載のイネ個体を晩生化する方法により作出されたイネ品種。
- 請求項12記載の品種の個体及び請求項12記載の品種の個体の後代個体からなる群より選択される2個体を交配して得られる後代個体。
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CN102719543B (zh) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | 利用核苷酸化学分子式鉴定植物品种的方法 |
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