WO2012124714A1 - 歯科模型及び模型歯 - Google Patents
歯科模型及び模型歯 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012124714A1 WO2012124714A1 PCT/JP2012/056477 JP2012056477W WO2012124714A1 WO 2012124714 A1 WO2012124714 A1 WO 2012124714A1 JP 2012056477 W JP2012056477 W JP 2012056477W WO 2012124714 A1 WO2012124714 A1 WO 2012124714A1
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- model
- tooth
- root
- base
- support piece
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/283—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for dentistry or oral hygiene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dental model and a model tooth.
- dental models are used for various practical training.
- a dental model includes a model body and a plurality of model teeth that are detachably fixed to the model body.
- the model tooth and the model main body are fixed with screws so that the model tooth can be attached to and detached from the model main body (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a model tooth may be provided with a nerve hole in a portion through which a nerve passes like an actual tooth.
- the actual tooth nerves are also present at the root portion of the tooth.
- the screw in order to firmly fix the model tooth to the model body, when the shaft portion of the screw is configured to be long, the screw is formed on the tooth root portion of the model tooth and screwed into the screw. The length of the hole becomes long. Therefore, the nerve hole portion could not be provided in the portion of the tooth root portion where the screw hole was provided. Also, for example, in order to provide a nerve hole part in the root part of the model tooth and firmly fix the model tooth to the model body, a part for forming a screw hole in the tooth root part and a part for forming the nerve hole part are provided. It is necessary to provide it.
- the length of the model tooth becomes longer than the actual tooth length, and the size and shape of the model tooth are different from the actual tooth size and shape, or the upper and lower jaws are spaced at regular intervals. There was a problem that it could not fit inside.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a dental model that can firmly fix a model tooth to a model body and that can be configured with a desired length, and a model tooth used for this dental model. To do.
- the present invention includes a model body, a model tooth having a crown part and a root part and attached to the model body, a shaft part having a male screw part formed on a peripheral surface, and a head part.
- a dental model comprising a screw detachably connected to the model body, wherein the model body is provided on a base portion and one surface of the base portion, and a root placement portion on which the root portion is disposed, Formed in the root placement portion of the base, the hole through which the shaft portion is inserted, protrudes from the one surface of the base, and supports the side surface of the root portion placed in the root placement portion
- a support piece and the model tooth relates to a dental model including a screw hole portion into which the shaft portion is screwed, and a supported portion provided on a side surface of the tooth root portion and supported by the support piece.
- an engagement convex portion that protrudes to the side of the tooth root portion is formed at the distal end portion of the support piece, and an engagement concave portion that is engaged with the engagement convex portion is formed at the supported portion. It is preferred that
- an engagement convex portion that protrudes toward the support piece is formed on the supported portion, and an engagement concave portion that engages with the engagement convex portion is formed on a tip portion of the support piece.
- the root portion includes an actual tooth portion located on the crown portion side, and an extension portion that is located closer to the proximal end side of the model tooth than the actual tooth portion and in which the screw hole portion is formed.
- the model tooth preferably includes a nerve portion extending from the crown portion to the actual tooth portion.
- the model main body further includes a gingival part disposed on one surface side of the base, and the gingival part is formed at a position corresponding to the root placement part and the root insertion part is inserted into the root part. It is preferable to provide.
- the support piece is disposed inside the model tooth at the base.
- the model main body further includes a contact piece that is disposed at a position facing the support piece with the model tooth in the base portion interposed therebetween and that contacts the side surface of the tooth root portion.
- the diameter of the screw hole portion is configured to have a portion smaller than the diameter of the shaft portion, and the screw is connected to the model tooth while the peripheral surface of the screw hole portion is scraped by the male screw portion. It is preferred that
- the present invention includes a base, a tooth root placement portion provided on one surface of the base, a hole formed in the tooth root placement portion of the base, a support piece protruding from the one surface of the base, A model tooth that is detachably attached to the root placement portion of the model body, and is provided on the end surface of the tooth root portion, the tooth root portion with which the end face comes into contact with the root placement portion, and the tooth root portion
- the present invention relates to a model tooth including a screw hole portion and a supported portion provided on a side surface of the root portion and supported by the support piece.
- model tooth further includes an engagement recess formed on the supported portion and engageable with an engagement projection formed on the support piece.
- model tooth further includes an engagement convex portion formed on the supported portion and engageable with an engagement concave portion formed on the support piece.
- the model tooth can be firmly fixed to the model body, and the model tooth can be configured with a desired length.
- FIG. 1 shows a dental model according to a first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the dental model shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, showing a dental model according to a second actual tooth form. It is sectional drawing which shows the base of the dental model shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the shape and size of the screw hole portion and the diameter of the shaft portion of the screw in the dental model of the third embodiment
- FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line BB of 8A. It is a figure which shows the modification of the shape of a screw hole part.
- the dental model 1 according to the first embodiment simulates the lower jaw side of a human body, and is used for practical training in dental educational institutions (dental universities, hygienist schools, technical school), dental clinics, dental seminars, and the like.
- the dental educational institutions dental universities, hygienist schools, technical school
- dental clinics dental seminars, and the like.
- the dental model 1 includes a model body 10, a plurality of model teeth 20, and a plurality of model teeth 20 that are detachably fixed to the model body 10. And a screw 30.
- the model body 10 constitutes a jawbone part and a gingival part in the dental model 1.
- the model main body 10 includes a base portion 11 mainly constituting a jawbone portion and a gingival portion 16 mainly constituting a gingival portion.
- the base 11 is formed by molding a hard synthetic resin material. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the base 11 includes a base plate 111, a plurality of root placement portions 12, a plurality of holes 13, a plurality of support pieces 15 provided on the base plate 111, and a base plate. 111, and a peripheral wall portion 112 that rises from the outer peripheral end portion.
- the base plate 111 is configured in a substantially semi-elliptical plate shape in plan view.
- the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12 are provided at positions where the plurality of model teeth 20 in the dental model 1 are arranged. More specifically, the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12 are provided along the arc-shaped side edges of the base plate 111 inside a predetermined distance from the arc-shaped side edges of the base plate 111. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12 are configured such that a part of the base portion 11 protrudes in a convex shape toward the one surface 11 a side of the base portion 11.
- the plurality of holes 13 are provided in each of the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12. The plurality of holes 13 are formed on the protruding end surfaces (upper surfaces in the first embodiment) of the plurality of root placement portions 12.
- the plurality of support pieces 15 are provided corresponding to the plurality of root placement portions 12 and protrude from one surface 11 a of the base portion 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of support pieces 15 are arranged inside the position where the plurality of root placement portions 12 in the base 11 are provided. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of support pieces 15 protrude to a position higher than the top surfaces of the plurality of tooth root placement portions 12, and the tooth root placement portions 12 are disposed on the distal ends of the plurality of support pieces 15. An engaging convex portion 151 that protrudes to the side is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the peripheral wall portion 112 stands on the one surface 11 a side from the entire periphery of the base plate 111.
- the base plate 111, the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12, the plurality of support pieces 15 and the peripheral wall portion 112 constituting the base portion 11 are integrally formed by injection molding or the like.
- the gingival portion 16 is disposed on the one surface 11 a side of the base portion 11. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the gingival part 16 includes a root cover part 161 that covers the plurality of root placement parts 12, a plurality of root insertion parts 162 provided on the root cover part 161, and a plurality of gingival recesses 163. And comprising.
- the tooth root covering portion 161 is disposed so as to rise to the one surface 11 a side of the base portion 11 and covers the tooth root disposing portion 12 and the support piece 15 from the inside of the peripheral wall portion 112.
- the plurality of tooth root insertion portions 162 are provided at positions corresponding to the plurality of tooth root arrangement portions 12.
- the plurality of tooth root insertion portions 162 are through holes formed in the tooth root covering portion 161 in a shape corresponding to the shape of the model tooth 20 (more specifically, the tooth root portion 22 described later) disposed in the corresponding tooth root placement portion 12. Consists of.
- the plurality of gingival recesses 163 are provided on the surface of the gingival portion 16 on the base 11 side.
- the plurality of gingival recesses 163 are formed at positions covering the root placement portion 12 and the support piece 15, respectively.
- the plurality of gingival recesses 163 are recessed larger than the protruding shapes of the root placement portion 12 and the support piece 15.
- a space is formed between the gingival portion 16, the root placement portion 12, and the support piece 15 in a state where the gingival portion 16 is disposed on the one surface 11 a side of the base portion 11.
- the Each of the plurality of gingival recesses 163 is formed continuously with the corresponding root insertion portion 162.
- the above gingiva part 16 is comprised by injection-molding the soft synthetic resin material which has elasticity.
- each of the plurality of model teeth 20 includes a crown portion 21, a root portion 22, a nerve hole portion 23, a screw hole portion 24, and a supported portion 25.
- the crown portion 21 constitutes a portion exposed from the gingival portion 16 in a state where the model tooth 20 is fixed to the model body 10.
- the root portion 22 constitutes a portion covered with the gingival portion 16 in a state where the model tooth 20 is fixed to the model body 10.
- the tooth root portion 22 includes an actual tooth portion 221 located on the crown portion 21 side, an extension portion 222 located on the proximal end side of the actual tooth portion 221 in the model tooth 20, and Is provided.
- the actual tooth portion 221 is configured to have a length and a thickness corresponding to the length of the tooth anatomically required.
- the extension part 222 is disposed at the end of the actual tooth part 221 opposite to the crown part 21 side.
- the length of the extension 222 is preferably 19 mm or less, more preferably 4 mm or less, from the viewpoint of configuring the dental model 1 to resemble the shape of the human jaw. Further, the length of the extension portion 222 is preferably 1 mm or more from the viewpoint of fixing the model teeth 20 with appropriate strength in combination with the support of the model teeth 20 by the support piece 15 and the supported portion 26 described later. Is 3 mm or more.
- the nerve hole part 23 is formed at a substantially central part in the cross sectional view of the model tooth 20 and extends from the crown part 21 to the actual tooth part 221.
- the screw hole portion 24 is formed in the extension portion 222.
- a screw groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the screw hole 24.
- the screw hole 24 is formed with a length of 4 mm.
- the supported portion 25 is provided on the side surface of the tooth root portion 22 (the side surface of the extension portion 222 in the first embodiment). More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the supported portion 25 faces the inside T (the side on which the tongue is located) T of the dental model 1 in a state where the model teeth 20 are fixed to the model body 10. Provided in the part. The supported portion 25 is supported in contact with the support piece 15 when the model teeth 20 are fixed to the model body 10. The supported portion 25 is formed with an engagement concave portion 251 having a shape corresponding to the engagement convex portion 151 of the support piece 15.
- the above model teeth 20 are formed by injection molding a hard synthetic resin material. Further, the screw hole portion 24 is not formed of a metal member or the like, but is directly formed in a synthetic resin material forming the model tooth.
- the screw 30 includes a shaft portion 31 and a head portion 32.
- the shaft portion 31 is configured to have a length corresponding to the length of the screw hole portion 24.
- the head portion 32 has a diameter larger than the width of the hole portion 13 provided in the base portion 11. The above screws 30 are inserted into the holes 13 from the surface of the base 11 opposite to the one surface.
- the model body 10 is assembled by attaching the gingival portion 16 to the one surface 11 a of the base portion 11.
- the gingival part 16 is provided with a gingival recess 163 that is recessed larger than the protruding shape of the tooth root placement part 12 and the support piece 15 at a position corresponding to the tooth root placement part 12 and the support piece 15 (FIG. 3). reference).
- a predetermined space is formed between the tooth root arrangement part 12 and the support piece 15 and the gingival part 16 in the model main body 10.
- the positions of the plurality of hole portions 13 coincide with the positions of the plurality of root insertion portions 162.
- a plurality of model teeth 20 are attached to the model body 10.
- the root portion 22 is first inserted into the root insertion portion 162 from the gingival portion 16 side. Then, the supported portion 25 provided on the side surface of the extension portion 222 comes into contact with the support piece 15 of the base portion 11. When the root portion 22 is further inserted in this state, the support piece 15 is pushed by the root portion 22 and elastically deformed to the lingual side T.
- the tip of the extension portion 222 comes into contact with the protruding end surface (upper surface) of the root placement portion 12 in which the hole portion 13 is formed. Further, the engaging convex portion 151 formed on the support piece 15 engages with the engaging concave portion 251 formed on the supported portion 25 of the extension portion 222. Thereby, the model tooth 20 is supported by the model body 10 by the supported portion 25 of the root portion 22 being supported by the support piece 15.
- the screw 30 is inserted into the hole 13 from the side opposite to the one surface of the base 11 and screwed into the screw hole 24 formed in the extension 222.
- the model tooth 20 is strongly fixed to the base portion 11 (the tooth root arrangement portion 12) by both the support piece 15 and the screw 30.
- the model tooth 20 When replacing the model tooth 20, after loosening and removing the screw 30, the model tooth 20 is pulled upward. Also in this case, since the support piece 15 is elastically deformed and the engagement convex portion 151 is detached from the engagement concave portion 251, the model tooth 20 can be easily removed.
- the plurality of model teeth 20 are configured to have substantially the same length as shown in FIG. More specifically, the length of the plurality of model teeth 20 is the length of the crown portion 21 and the actual tooth portion 221 of the canine C, which is the tooth having the longest anatomically necessary length, and the jaw of the human body.
- the length of the extension part 222 provided without impairing the shape is substantially equal to the length. That is, the plurality of model teeth 20 have different anatomically necessary lengths, but the lengths of the model teeth 20 as a whole are configured to be substantially equal by appropriately adjusting the length of the extension portion 222. .
- the dental model 1 includes a model main body 10 (base 11) including a support piece 15, a model tooth 20 including a supported portion 25, and a screw 30. And it fixed to the base 11 with the screw 30.
- the model tooth 20 can be fixed to the base 11 by two means of the support piece 15 and the screw 30, even if the shaft part of the screw 30 is made short (for example, about 4 mm), the model tooth 20 Can be firmly fixed to the model body 10. Therefore, since the length of the screw hole portion 24 into which the screw 30 is screwed in the model tooth 20 can be configured short, the model tooth 20 can be configured with a desired length.
- the screw hole portion 24 can be directly formed on the tooth root portion 22 made of a synthetic resin material without using a metal female screw (nut). Therefore, since it is not necessary to manufacture and attach a metal female screw separately at the time of manufacture of the model tooth 20, the manufacturing cost of the model tooth 20 can be reduced.
- the tooth root portion 22 includes the actual tooth portion 221 and the extension portion 222, and the screw hole portion 24 is formed in the extension portion 2222.
- the model tooth 20 was configured to include a nerve hole portion 23 extending from the crown portion 21 to the actual tooth portion 221.
- the model tooth 20 which comprises the nerve hole part 23 can be configured to resemble an actual tooth.
- the screw hole part 24 can be comprised short, the length of the extension part 222 can also be shortened, and it can prevent that the shape of the model tooth 20 differs greatly from an actual tooth by providing the extension part 222.
- the shape of the dental model 1 including the model teeth 20 can be made to resemble the actual shape of the jaw.
- the gingival part 16 was disposed on the upper surface side of the base part 11, and the root insertion part 162 into which the model tooth 20 was inserted was formed in the gingival part 16. Thereby, since the circumference
- the gingival part 16 was configured including the gingival recess 163, and a space was provided between the gingival part 16, the tooth root arrangement part 12, and the support piece 15. Thereby, since a space is formed on the tongue side L of the support piece 15, the support piece 15 can be easily elastically deformed to the tongue side T. Therefore, the model tooth 20 can be more easily attached to the model body 10.
- the gingival part 16 is thinner than the lingual side T that is the inside of the model tooth 20. Further, the root portion (not shown) of the back teeth is branched into two on the cheek side L, and is one on the lingual side T without branching. Therefore, the support piece 15 is disposed on the inner side (tongue side) T of the model tooth 20 in the base 11. Thereby, even when the shape of the gingival part 16 is formed in the same manner as the actual gingival shape, the support piece 15 is not exposed from the gingival part 16, and the support piece 15 can be suitably covered with the gingival part 16. Therefore, the dental model 1 that more closely resembles the actual shape can be provided. Further, the model tooth 20 can be favorably supported on the lingual side T having one tooth root portion even in the back tooth where the tooth root portion on the cheek side L branches into two.
- the length of the extension portion 222 was changed according to the anatomically necessary tooth length, and the total length of the plurality of model teeth 20 was configured to be substantially equal. Thereby, since the shape of the base 11 to which the model tooth 20 is fixed can be simplified, the structure of the model main body 10 can be simplified.
- the dental model 1 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the model main body 10. Specifically, in the second embodiment, the model main body 10 further includes a contact piece 17.
- the contact piece 17 is disposed at a position facing the support piece 15 with the model tooth 20 in the base 11 interposed therebetween.
- the contact piece 17 is disposed on the outer side L of the base portion 11 where the plurality of tooth root placement portions 12 are provided.
- the contact piece 17 contacts the side surface of the tooth root portion 22 (extension portion 222) in a state in which the model teeth 20 are attached to the tooth root arrangement portion 12.
- the contact piece 17 is formed integrally with the base 11.
- the contact piece 17 was provided in the base 11, and this contact piece 17 was made to contact the side surface (labial side L) of the tooth root part 22 (extension part 222).
- the model tooth 20 can be more firmly fixed to the base 11.
- the model tooth 20 can be temporarily fixed (positioned) with the support piece 15 at an accurate position, so that the shaft portion 31 of the screw 30 is connected to the screw hole portion 24 of the model tooth 20. Can be easily screwed together. Therefore, the model tooth 20 can be easily attached to the base 11.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the shape and size of the screw hole 24 in the dental model 1 of the third embodiment and the diameter of the shaft portion 31 of the screw 30.
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- the dental model 1 of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment mainly in the configuration of the screw hole portion 24 of the model tooth 20.
- the screw hole part 24 is comprised by regular pentagon shape by planar view (sectional view of the direction orthogonal to the direction where a hole extends).
- the diameter L1 of the screw hole portion 24 is configured to be smaller than the diameter L2 of the shaft portion 31 of the screw 30.
- the diameter of the shaft portion 31 represents the distance in the radial direction between the tips of the male screw portion 311 (the length of the portion having the largest diameter in the shaft portion 31).
- the length L11 from the center to each apex in the regular pentagonal screw hole portion 24 is longer than the radius L22 in the screw groove portion 312 of the shaft portion 31, and in this embodiment, the male screw portion of the shaft portion 31 is used.
- 311 is substantially equal to the radius L21.
- the length L12 from the center of the screw hole portion 24 to the midpoint of each side is configured to be shorter than the radius L22 of the screw groove portion 312 of the shaft portion 31.
- the diameter L3 of the entrance of the screw hole portion 24 is formed larger than the diameter of the shaft portion 31.
- the screw hole portion 24 is reduced in diameter from the entrance diameter L3 toward the back side until reaching the diameter L2, and extends to the back side in the size of the diameter L2.
- the screw hole 24 is not formed with a screw groove.
- the model teeth 20 are fixed to the model body 10 as follows. First, the screw 30 is inserted into the hole 13 from the surface opposite to the one surface of the base 11 with respect to the model tooth 20 arranged in the tooth root arrangement portion 12, and the tip of the shaft portion 31 is inserted into the screw hole portion. Located at the entrance of 24. Next, the shaft portion 31 is inserted until the tip of the shaft portion 31 comes into contact with the reduced diameter portion of the screw hole portion 24. Next, the screw 30 is pushed into the screw hole portion 24 while rotating the shaft portion 31. Then, the shaft portion 31 is screwed into the screw hole portion 24 while the peripheral surface of the screw hole portion 24 is being cut by the male screw portion 311.
- the model tooth 20 is fixed to the model main body 10.
- the synthetic resin material constituting the model tooth 20 scraped off by the male screw portion 311 is formed in a gap 241 formed between the screw hole portion 24 and the shaft portion 31. Accumulated.
- the diameter of the screw hole portion 24 is configured to have a portion smaller than the diameter of the shaft portion 31.
- the screw 30 can be connected to the model tooth 20 while the peripheral surface of the screw hole portion 24 is shaved by the male screw portion 311. Therefore, since the model tooth 20 can be formed without forming a screw groove in the screw hole 24, the model tooth 20 can be formed more easily.
- the screw hole portion 24 is configured to have a portion longer than the radius L22 in the screw groove portion 312.
- the synthetic resin material constituting the model tooth 20 scraped off by the male screw portion 311 which is generated when the shaft portion 31 is screwed into the screw hole portion 24, is interposed between the screw hole portion 24 and the shaft portion 31. It is accumulated in the gap 241 to be formed. Therefore, since the synthetic resin material scraped off by the male screw portion 311 does not hinder the insertion of the shaft portion 31 into the screw hole portion 24, the shaft portion 31 can be suitably screwed into the screw hole portion 24.
- the present invention is applied to the dental model 1 simulating the structure of the lower jaw, but is not limited thereto. That is, the present invention may be applied to a dental model simulating the upper jaw side structure or a dental model simulating both the lower jaw side and upper jaw side structures.
- the base 11 base plate 111 and the peripheral wall 11b
- the support piece 15, and the contact piece 17 are integrally configured, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the base, the support piece, and the contact piece may be formed as separate members, and then integrated using an adhesive or the like.
- the supported portion 25 is formed in the extension portion 222, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the supported portion may be formed on the actual tooth portion.
- the support piece 15 is provided inside the model tooth, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided outside.
- the number of support pieces 15 is not limited to one for one model tooth, and may be two or more. Further, the position and number of the support pieces 15 may be different for each model tooth.
- the screw hole portion 24 is directly formed in the synthetic resin material constituting the model tooth.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be separately formed and incorporated.
- the engagement convex part 15a is formed in the front-end
- the engagement recessed part 22a was formed, it is not restricted to this. That is, an engagement convex portion may be formed on the side surface of the tooth root portion, and an engagement concave portion with which the engagement convex portion engages may be formed at the tip portion of the support piece.
- the shape of the screw hole part 24 was comprised in the regular pentagon shape, it is not restricted to this. That is, the shape of the screw hole portion 24 is preferably not a perfect circle, and may be an arbitrary shape, but is preferably a symmetrical shape (for example, a regular polygon).
- the shape of the screw hole 24 may be a square as shown in FIG. 9A, or may be a regular hexagon as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the shape of the screw hole 24 may be a perfect circle.
- the shape of the screw hole portion 24 is a polygonal shape
- the smaller the number of corners the wider the portion where the male screw portion 311 bites into the peripheral surface of the screw hole portion 24, and the screw 30 is fixed to the model tooth 20.
- a force is required for attaching and detaching (particularly attaching) the screw 30 to the model tooth 20.
- the portion where the male screw portion 311 bites into the peripheral surface of the screw hole portion 24 becomes narrow, and the fixing force of the screw 30 to the model tooth 20 decreases, but the model tooth of the screw 30 decreases.
- the attachment and detachment (especially attachment) with respect to 20 can be performed easily.
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Abstract
Description
従来の歯科模型は、模型歯を模型本体に着脱可能とするために、模型歯と模型本体とをネジで固定している(例えば、特許文献1参照)。ここで、模型歯の模型本体に対する固定は、実習に耐えうる程度に強固に行う必要がある。そのため、従来の歯科模型では、模型歯を固定するネジの軸部分の長さを長く構成する必要があった。
また、例えば、模型歯の歯根部に神経孔部を設け、かつ、模型歯を模型本体に強固に固定するためには、歯根部にネジ孔を形成する部分と神経孔部を形成する部分を設ける必要がある。そのため、このような場合には、模型歯の長さが実際の歯の長さよりも長くなってしまい、模型歯の大きさや形状が実際の歯の大きさや形状と異なったり、上下顎の一定間隔内に収まりきらなかったりという問題があった。
第1実施形態の歯科模型1は、人体における下顎側を模したものであり、歯科教育機関(歯科大学、衛生士学校、技工士学校)、歯科医院、歯科セミナー等において、実習用として使用される。
複数の歯根配置部12は、歯科模型1における複数の模型歯20が配置される位置に設けられる。より具体的には、複数の歯根配置部12は、ベース板111の円弧状の側縁から所定間隔をあけた内側に、ベース板111の円弧状の側縁に沿って設けられる。
複数の歯根配置部12は、図3及び図4に示すように、基部11の一部が基部11の一方の面11a側に凸状に突出して構成される。
複数の穴部13は、複数の歯根配置部12それぞれに設けられる。複数の穴部13は、複数の歯根配置部12の突出端面(第1実施形態における上面)に形成される。
周壁部112は、図2に示すように、ベース板111の全周から一方の面11a側に起立する。
複数の歯根挿入部162は、複数の歯根配置部12に対応する位置に設けられる。複数の歯根挿入部162は、対応する歯根配置部12に配置される模型歯20(より詳細には、後述の歯根部22)の形状に対応した形状で歯根被覆部161に形成された貫通穴により構成される。
以上の歯肉部16は、弾性を有する軟質の合成樹脂材を射出成形することにより構成される。
歯根部22は、模型歯20を模型本体10に固定した状態で、歯肉部16に覆われる部分を構成する。この歯根部22は、図3~図5に示すように、歯冠部21側に位置する実歯部221と、模型歯20における実歯部221の基端側に位置する延長部222と、を備える。
延長部222は、実歯部221における歯冠部21側と反対側の端部に配置される。延長部222の長さは、歯科模型1の形状を人体の顎の形状に似せて構成する観点から、好ましくは19mm以下、より好ましくは4mm以下である。また、延長部222の長さは、後述の支持片15及び被支持部26による模型歯20の支持と併せて、適切な強度で模型歯20を固定する観点から、好ましくは1mm以上、より好ましくは3mm以上である。
ネジ孔部24は、延長部222に形成される。このネジ孔部24の周面には、ネジ溝が形成される。第1実施形態では、ネジ孔部24は、4mmの長さで形成されている。
頭部32は、基部11に設けられた穴部13の幅よりも大きな直径を有する。
以上のネジ30は、基部11における一方の面とは反対側の面側から穴部13に差し込まれる。
まず、基部11の一方の面11aに歯肉部16を取り付けて模型本体10を組み立てる。ここで、歯肉部16には、歯根配置部12及び支持片15に対応する位置に、歯根配置部12及び支持片15の突出形状よりも大きく凹んだ歯肉凹部163が設けられている(図3参照)。これにより、模型本体10における歯根配置部12及び支持片15と、歯肉部16との間には、所定の空間が形成されている。また、複数の穴部13それぞれの位置は、複数の歯根挿入部162の位置と一致している。
また、ネジ30による模型歯20の固定強度を低く設定できるので、ネジ孔部24を、金属製の雌ネジ(ナット)を使用することなく、合成樹脂材製の歯根部22に直接形成できる。よって、模型歯20の製造時に、金属製の雌ネジを別個に製造して取り付ける必要がないので、模型歯20の製造コストを低減できる。
尚、第2実施形態の説明にあたって、同一構成要件については同一符号を付し、その説明を省略もしくは簡略化する。
第2実施形態の歯科模型1は、模型本体10の構成において、第1実施形態と異なる。具体的には、第2実施形態では、模型本体10は、当接片17を更に備える。
また、当接片17を設けることで、支持片15との間で模型歯20を正確な位置で仮止め(位置決め)できるので、ネジ30の軸部31を、模型歯20のネジ孔部24に容易に螺合できる。よって、模型歯20を基部11に容易に取り付けられる。
第3実施形態では、図8(A)に示すように、ネジ孔部24は、平面視(孔の延びる方向に直交する方向の断面視)で、正五角形形状に構成される。そして、このネジ孔部24の径L1は、ネジ30の軸部31の直径L2よりも小さく構成される。ここで、軸部31の直径とは、雄ネジ部311の先端間の径方向における距離(軸部31において最も直径の大きい部分の長さ)を表す。
より詳細には、正五角形形状のネジ孔部24における中心から各頂点までの長さL11は、軸部31のネジ溝部312における半径L22よりも長く、本実施形態では軸部31の雄ネジ部311における半径L21と略等しく構成される。また、ネジ孔部24における中心から各辺の中点までの長さL12は、軸部31のネジ溝部312における半径L22よりも短く構成される。
まず、歯根配置部12に配置された模型歯20に対して、ネジ30を、基部11における一方の面とは反対側の面側から穴部13に差し込み、軸部31の先端をネジ孔部24の入り口に位置させる。次いで、軸部31の先端がネジ孔部24の縮径した部分に当接するまで挿入する。次いで、軸部31を回転させながらネジ30をネジ孔部24に押し込む。すると、軸部31は、雄ネジ部311によりネジ孔部24の周面を削りながら、ネジ孔部24に螺合される。これにより、模型歯20は、模型本体10に固定される。
ここで、雄ネジ部311により削り取られた模型歯20を構成する合成樹脂材は、図8(A)に示すように、ネジ孔部24と軸部31との間に形成される隙間241に集積される。
例えば、第1実施形態及び第2実施形態では、本発明を、下顎側の構造を模した歯科模型1に適用したが、これに限らない。即ち、本発明を、上顎側の構造を模した歯科模型、又は下顎側及び上顎側の構造を模した双方を備える歯科模型に適用してもよい。
ここで、ネジ孔部24の形状を多角形形状とした場合、角数が小さくなるほど、雄ネジ部311がネジ孔部24の周面に食い込む部分が広くなり、ネジ30の模型歯20に対する固定力は向上するが、ネジ30の模型歯20に対する着脱(特に取り付け)に力を要する。また、多角形形状の角数が大きくなるほど、雄ネジ部311がネジ孔部24の周面に食い込む部分が狭くなり、ネジ30の模型歯20に対する固定力は低下するが、ネジ30の模型歯20に対する着脱(特に取り付け)を容易に行える。
10 模型本体
11 基部
11a 一方の面
12 歯根配置部
13 穴部
15 支持片
16 歯肉部
17 当接片
20 模型歯
21 歯冠部
22 歯根部
23 神経孔部
24 ネジ孔部
25 被支持部
30 ネジ
31 軸部
32 頭部
151 係合凸部
162 歯根挿入部
251 係合凹部
221 実歯部
222 延長部
T 舌側(内側)
L 唇側(頬側)
Claims (11)
- 模型本体と、歯冠部及び歯根部を有し前記模型本体に取り付けられる模型歯と、周面に雄ネジ部が形成された軸部及び頭部を有し前記模型歯を前記模型本体に着脱可能に接続するネジと、を備える歯科模型であって、
前記模型本体は、
基部と、
前記基部における一方の面に設けられ、前記歯根部が配置される歯根配置部と、
前記基部における前記歯根配置部に形成され、前記軸部が挿通される穴部と、
前記基部の前記一方の面から突出すると共に、前記歯根配置部に配置された前記歯根部の側面を支持する支持片と、を備え、
前記模型歯は、前記軸部が螺合されるネジ孔部と、前記歯根部の側面に設けられ前記支持片に支持される被支持部と、を備える歯科模型。 - 前記支持片の先端部には、前記歯根部の側面側に突出する係合凸部が形成され、
前記被支持部には、前記係合凸部に係合される係合凹部が形成される請求項1に記載の歯科模型。 - 前記被支持部には、前記支持片側に突出する係合凸部が形成され、
前記支持片の先端部には、前記係合凸部に係合する係合凹部が形成される請求項1に記載の歯科模型。 - 前記歯根部は、前記歯冠部側に位置する実歯部と、前記実歯部よりも基端側に位置し前記ネジ孔部が形成される延長部と、を備え、
前記模型歯は、前記歯冠部から前記実歯部に亘って延びる神経孔部を備える請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の歯科模型。 - 前記模型本体は、前記基部の一方の面側に配置される歯肉部を更に備え、
前記歯肉部は、前記歯根配置部に対応する位置に形成され前記歯根部が挿入される歯根挿入部を備える請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の歯科模型。 - 前記支持片は、前記基部における前記模型歯の内側に配置される請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の歯科模型。
- 前記模型本体は、前記基部における前記模型歯を挟んで前記支持片と対向する位置に配置され、前記歯根部の側面に当接する当接片を更に備える請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の歯科模型。
- 前記ネジ孔部の径は、前記軸部の直径よりも小さい部分を有して構成され、
前記ネジは、前記雄ネジ部により前記ネジ孔部の周面を削りながら前記模型歯に接続される請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の歯科模型。 - 基部と、前記基部における一方の面に設けられる歯根配置部と、前記基部における前記歯根配置部に形成される穴部と、前記基部の前記一方の面から突出する支持片と、を備える模型本体における前記歯根配置部に着脱可能に取り付けられる模型歯であって、
歯冠部と、
端面が前記歯根配置部に当接される歯根部と、
前記歯根部における前記端面に設けられるネジ孔部と、
前記歯根部の側面に設けられ前記支持片に支持される被支持部と、を備える模型歯。 - 前記被支持部に形成され、前記支持片に形成された係合凸部に係合可能な係合凹部を更に備える請求項9に記載の模型歯。
- 前記被支持部に形成され、前記支持片に形成された係合凹部に係合可能な係合凸部を更に備える請求項9に記載の模型歯。
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US14/004,050 US9501954B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | Dental model and model teeth |
MX2013010561A MX341302B (es) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | Modelo dental y dientes modelo. |
KR1020137026974A KR20140024318A (ko) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | 치과 모형 및 모형치아 |
CN201280020929.XA CN103503049B (zh) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | 牙科模型及模型牙 |
BR112013023431A BR112013023431A2 (pt) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | modelo dental e dentes de modelo |
DE112012001226T DE112012001226T5 (de) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | Dentalmodell und Modellzähne |
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KR101872320B1 (ko) | 2016-07-01 | 2018-06-28 | 광주보건대학산학협력단 | 치아 형상 실습을 위한 왁스 카빙 모형과 이의 제작방법 |
US10096267B1 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-10-09 | King Saud University | Dental education model |
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KR102069133B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-01-22 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 일체형 치아모형 조립장치 및 이를 포함하는 시스템 |
KR101892535B1 (ko) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-08-28 | 이수빈 | 총의치 시술 교육을 위한 환자모형 제조방법 |
CN110720997A (zh) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-24 | 光弘生医科技股份有限公司 | 牙根结构的改良 |
KR101949226B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-02-18 | 김성범 | 치아 교육 장치 |
CN110491265A (zh) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-22 | 日进教学器材(昆山)有限公司 | 开髓术牙模型 |
KR102618620B1 (ko) | 2023-06-16 | 2023-12-27 | 이수빈 | 총의치 시술 교육을 위한 환자모형 및 그 제조방법 |
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US9501954B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
KR20140024318A (ko) | 2014-02-28 |
JPWO2012124714A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
BR112013023431A2 (pt) | 2017-03-01 |
DE112012001226T5 (de) | 2013-12-19 |
CN103503049A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
CN103503049B (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
JP5956425B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
CA2829553A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
MX341302B (es) | 2016-08-11 |
MX2013010561A (es) | 2014-03-21 |
US20140045160A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
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