WO2012121384A1 - 軸受、潤滑剤分布取得装置及び潤滑剤分布取得方法 - Google Patents
軸受、潤滑剤分布取得装置及び潤滑剤分布取得方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012121384A1 WO2012121384A1 PCT/JP2012/056164 JP2012056164W WO2012121384A1 WO 2012121384 A1 WO2012121384 A1 WO 2012121384A1 JP 2012056164 W JP2012056164 W JP 2012056164W WO 2012121384 A1 WO2012121384 A1 WO 2012121384A1
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- bearing
- marker
- lubricant
- axial direction
- moving body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
- F16C41/008—Identification means, e.g. markings, RFID-tags; Data transfer means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
- F16C33/6622—Details of supply and/or removal of the grease, e.g. purging grease
- F16C33/6625—Controlling or conditioning the grease supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
- F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N29/00—Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/05—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using neutrons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/62—Selection of substances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bearing, a lubricant distribution acquisition device, and a lubricant distribution acquisition method.
- This application claims priority on March 10, 2011 based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-053439 for which it applied to Japan, and uses the content here.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention for inspecting the presence or absence of a lubricant in a fluid bearing using a neutron radiography method.
- the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of the lubricant, which has been conventionally disassembled and confirmed, without disassembling the bearing.
- Patent Document 1 In order to acquire the behavior of the lubricant in more detail, it is required to accurately acquire the distribution of the lubricant in three dimensions.
- the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 checks only the presence or absence of a lubricant and does not detect the behavior of the lubricant. For this reason, in patent document 1, it is not considered about imaging a bearing from several directions simultaneously.
- the neutron source generally used in neutron radiography is a nuclear reactor or an accelerator, it is difficult to arrange in a plurality of directions. For this reason, when the bearing is imaged from a plurality of directions, the bearing itself is rotated to change the direction in which the bearing faces, and the imaging timings of the plurality of imaging data are naturally different in time series.
- One aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. Among imaging data captured at different timings in time series, imaging data captured with the same rotation angle of the bearings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bearing, a lubricant distribution acquisition device, and a lubricant distribution acquisition method that can be easily combined and thereby can accurately acquire the behavior of the lubricant inside the bearing.
- the present inventor has intensively studied the relationship between the behavior of the lubricant inside the bearing and the life of the bearing. As a result, it has been found that there are individual differences in the life of the bearing even when the usage environment is the same. In addition, we disassembled these bearings with different lifetimes. As a result, it has been found that the state of the lubricant remaining inside the bearing is greatly different. In particular, in rolling bearings, it has been found that the behavior of the internal lubricant greatly affects the service life. The above results suggest that the life of the bearing depends on the behavior of the internal lubricant. That is, if the behavior of the lubricant inside the bearing can be known, the life of the bearing may be improved.
- the first invention is a bearing capable of enclosing a lubricant therein, and is provided with a rotary moving body that is moved at the time of rotational driving, the rotary moving body, and the rotational movement.
- a configuration is adopted in which a rotation angle index that is moved to a position corresponding to the rotation angle of the rotary moving body as the body moves is provided.
- both the position of the rotation angle index when viewed from the axial direction of the bearing and the position viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction are A configuration of moving according to the rotation angle of the moving body is adopted.
- the rotation angle index includes a first marker and a second marker made of a material having a radiation absorption rate higher than that of the rotational moving body.
- the first marker and the second marker are opposed to each other with the moving center of the rotary moving body as a center when viewed from the axial direction, and are displaced in the axial direction when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the configuration of being arranged is adopted.
- the rotation angle index further includes a third marker made of a material having a radiation absorption rate higher than that of the rotary moving body, and the third marker is orthogonal to the axial direction.
- a configuration is adopted in which the first marker and the second marker are displaced in the axial direction as viewed from the direction in which they are viewed.
- the third marker is at a predetermined angle with respect to the first marker or the second marker with respect to the moving center of the rotary moving body as viewed from the axial direction.
- a configuration is adopted in which it is arranged at a position displaced by a distance.
- the sixth invention adopts a configuration in which the predetermined angle is 45 ° in the fifth invention.
- a seventh invention is a lubricant distribution acquisition device, wherein the electromagnetic wave conversion device receives the radiation transmitted through the bearing according to any one of the first to sixth inventions and converts it into electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves A configuration is adopted in which an imaging processing device is provided that acquires the lubricant distribution data indicating the lubricant distribution in the bearing by receiving and imaging the electromagnetic waves emitted from the conversion device.
- An eighth invention is a method for obtaining a lubricant distribution, wherein the radiation transmitted through the bearing according to any one of the first to sixth inventions is converted into an electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave is received and imaged.
- a configuration is adopted in which lubricant distribution data indicating the distribution of the lubricant is acquired.
- the ninth invention adopts a configuration in which the radiation is a neutron beam in any one of the third to eighth inventions.
- the bearing of the present invention includes a rotary moving body that is moved during rotational driving. Since the rotary moving body is moved along with the rotational drive of the bearing, the rotation angle of the rotary moving body and the rotation angle of the bearing are synchronized. For this reason, the imaging data imaged in the state with the same rotation angle of a bearing can be combined by combining the imaging data imaged in the state with the same rotation angle of a rotary moving body. And the bearing of this invention is provided with the rotation angle parameter
- the rotational angle of the rotary moving body (that is, the bearing) is the same.
- the captured image data can be combined. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately acquire the behavior of the lubricant inside the bearing.
- a rotation angle index is provided for the rotary moving body. For this reason, even if the rotational speed of the bearing is uneven or changes with time, the rotational angle of the rotary moving body can be accurately known. As a result, it is possible to reliably combine image data that are imaged with the rotational angle of the rotary moving body (that is, the bearing) being the same.
- FIG. 1A to 1C are schematic configuration diagrams of the bearing X of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a cut model.
- FIG. 1B is a front view seen from the axial direction.
- FIG. 1C is a side view seen from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the bearing X of the present embodiment is a ball bearing (rolling bearing) containing a lubricant Y (for example, grease) inside, and is configured as a radial bearing.
- the bearing X of the present embodiment has an annular outer ring X1 and an inner ring X2 that are arranged to face each other in the radial direction, a plurality of balls X3 that are arranged between the outer ring X1 and the inner ring X2, and a space between the balls X3.
- a holder X4 for holding at equal intervals, a seal X5 for sealing the accommodation space of the ball X3, and a rotation angle index X6 are provided.
- the components of the bearing X are not reflected in the imaging data.
- the components (the outer ring X1, the inner ring X2, the ball X3, the cage X4, and the seal X5) of the bearing X are made of an aluminum material having a low absorptance of the neutron beam L1.
- the bearing X of the present embodiment is used with the outer ring X1 fixed and the inner ring X2 being driven to rotate. That is, in the present embodiment, the inner ring X2 functions as a rotary moving body of the present invention that rotates around the axis when the bearing X is driven to rotate.
- the rotation angle index X6 is provided for the inner ring X2 corresponding to the rotary moving body of the present invention.
- the rotation angle index X6 is moved to a position corresponding to the rotation angle of the inner ring X2, and includes a first marker A, a second marker B, and a third marker C as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C.
- the 1st marker A, the 2nd marker B, and the 3rd marker C are comprised from the material (rubber material containing a boron) with a higher neutron absorption rate than the inner ring
- the first marker A and the second marker B are arranged to face each other with the movement center (that is, the axis) of the inner ring X2 as the center when viewed from the axial direction.
- the third marker C is disposed at a position displaced by 45 ° with respect to the first marker A with respect to the movement center (that is, the axis) of the inner ring X2 when viewed from the axial direction. ing.
- the first marker A is provided directly on the inner ring X2.
- the 2nd marker B and the 3rd marker C are being fixed with respect to the inner ring
- the second marker B and the third marker C are fixed to the inner ring X2 via the spacer S.
- the 1st marker A and the 2nd marker B are displaced and arrange
- the third marker C is arranged so as to be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the first marker A and the second marker B.
- the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C are displaced in the order of the first marker A, the third marker C, and the second marker B in the axial direction from the inner ring X2 side.
- the spacer S can also be formed of the same material as the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C.
- the spacer S is formed so that all of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C can be imaged at any position when imaging from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. It is preferable. That is, the spacer S is preferably formed of a material having a low absorptance with respect to neutron beams (for example, an aluminum material).
- the arrangement of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C viewed from the axial direction is rotationally asymmetric. Therefore, the positions of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C viewed from the axial direction are configured to change according to the rotation angle of the inner ring X2. Further, the arrangement pattern of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C viewed from the axial direction is configured to change according to the rotation angle of the inner ring X2.
- the 1st marker A, the 2nd marker B, and the 3rd marker C are displaced and arrange
- the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C can always be imaged from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the arrangement of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C viewed from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction is asymmetric with respect to the axial center. For this reason, as shown in FIG.
- the offset amount from the axial center of the 1st marker A, the 2nd marker B, and the 3rd marker C is comprised so that it may always change according to the rotation angle of the inner ring
- the arrangement pattern of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction is configured to change according to the rotation angle of the inner ring X2.
- the positions of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C are the position viewed from the axial direction and the position viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the inner ring X2 moves according to the rotation angle. For this reason, it is possible to reliably acquire the rotation angle of the inner ring X2 by imaging the bearing X from the axial direction and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- FIG. 3A and 3B schematically show a schematic configuration of the lubricant distribution acquisition device 1.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a part of the mechanism.
- FIG. 3B is a block diagram illustrating a part of the functional configuration.
- the lubricant distribution acquisition device 1 includes a neutron beam irradiation device 2, a bearing support mechanism 3, a rotation drive device 4 (rotation drive device), a rotation detector 5, A scintillator 6 (electromagnetic wave conversion device), a light guide mechanism 7, an optical amplifier 8, an imaging device 9, a signal processing unit 10, and a control device 11 are provided.
- the neutron beam irradiation apparatus 2 guides a neutron beam L1 emitted from a neutron source such as a nuclear reactor, for example, and irradiates the bearing X from the axial direction. If the bearing X can be irradiated from the axial direction without guiding the neutron beam emitted from the neutron source, the neutron beam irradiation apparatus 2 can be omitted.
- the lubricant distribution acquisition apparatus 1 may include another neutron source that generates a neutron beam by irradiating the target with ions such as hydrogen or helium derived from an ion generator, for example.
- the bearing support mechanism 3 supports the bearing X and includes a housing 3a and a housing 3b.
- the housing 3a is a frame or a box-like member that houses the housing 3b and the bearing X fixed to the housing 3b.
- the housing 3a also functions as a support for the rotation drive device 4 as shown in FIG. 3A.
- the housing 3b covers and supports the outer ring of the bearing X, and supports the bearing X in a detachable manner. And in this embodiment, the housing 3b supports the bearing X so that the axial center of the bearing X faces the neutron beam irradiation apparatus 2 side, as shown to FIG. 3A.
- the housing 3a and the housing 3b preferably have a shape that avoids the passage region of the neutron beam L1, but the passage of the neutron beam L1 if formed by an aluminum material having an extremely low absorption rate of the neutron beam L1 It is also possible to have a shape that straddles the region.
- the rotational drive device 4 rotationally drives the bearing X.
- the rotation drive device 4 includes a motor 4 a (power unit) that generates power for rotationally driving the bearing X, and a belt for transmitting the power generated by the motor 4 a to the bearing X.
- a pulley 4b, a belt 4c (band member), and a drive shaft portion 4d are provided. More specifically, the pulley 4b is coupled to the shaft portion of the motor 4a by a coupling or the like.
- the drive shaft portion 4d is a rod-like member that is long in the axial direction of the bearing X, is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing X, and is horizontally disposed through the center of the bearing X.
- the belt 4c which consists of an endless belt is wound around the pulley 4b and the drive shaft part 4d.
- a mark or a magnetic body is provided on the peripheral surface of the drive shaft portion 4d so that the rotation detector 5 detects the rotation state of the drive shaft portion 4d.
- the rotation detector 5 detects the rotation of the inner ring of the bearing X fixed to the drive shaft portion 4d (that is, the rotation of the bearing X) by detecting the rotation of the drive shaft portion 4d.
- the rotation detector 5 includes a photo detector and a magnetic detector for detecting a mark and a magnetic body provided on the peripheral surface of the drive shaft portion 4d, and is fixed to the housing 3b as shown in FIG. 3A. Has been.
- the scintillator 6 receives the neutron beam L1 that has passed through the bearing X, emits light L2, and converts the neutron beam L1 into visible light.
- the scintillator 6 for example, LiF / ZnS (Ag), BN / ZnS (Ag), Gd 2 O 3 / ZnS (Ag), or Gd 2 O 3 S (Tb) can be used.
- the light guide mechanism 7 guides the light L ⁇ b> 2 emitted from the scintillator 6 to the imaging device 9 via the optical amplifier 8. As illustrated in FIG. 3A, the light guide mechanism 7 includes a mirror 7a that reflects and guides the light L2, a lens 7b that collects the light L2, and the like.
- the optical amplifier 8 increases the intensity of light incident through the light guide mechanism 7 and outputs the light.
- an image intensifier can be used as the optical amplifier 8.
- the optical amplifier 8 may be omitted if a sufficiently long exposure time can be secured in the imaging device 9.
- the imaging device 9 receives the light L2 emitted from the scintillator 6 and arrives through the light guide mechanism 7 and the optical amplifier 8 and images it, and outputs the imaging result as imaging data.
- a CCD camera, a SIT tube camera, a high-speed camera, or the like can be used as the imaging device 9, a CCD camera, a SIT tube camera, a high-speed camera, or the like.
- the lubricant Y moves at a high speed inside the bearing X that rotates at a high speed of about 6000 rpm. .
- the signal processing unit 10 processes the imaging data input from the imaging device 9 and outputs it as the required lubricant distribution data.
- the lubricant distribution data in the present embodiment is data including the distribution information of the lubricant in the radial direction centered on the axial center and the distribution information of the lubricant in the axial direction.
- the signal processing unit 10 calculates the lubricant distribution data from the brightness information in the imaging data, or performs a process of associating the lubricant distribution data with the detection result of the rotation detector 5.
- the imaging data itself captured by the imaging device 9 also includes lubricant distribution information in the radial direction centered on the axial center and lubricant distribution information in the axial direction. For this reason, the required lubricant distribution data can be used as imaging data. In this case, the signal processing unit 10 outputs the imaging data input from the imaging device 9 as the lubricant distribution data as it is.
- the imaging processing device of the present invention is configured by the imaging device 9 and the signal processing unit 10.
- the control device 11 controls the entire operation of the lubricant distribution acquisition device 1. As shown in FIG. 3B, the control device 11 is electrically connected to the neutron beam irradiation device 2, the rotation drive device 4, the rotation detector 5, the optical amplifier 8, the imaging device 9, and the signal processing unit 10.
- the main body of the operation of the lubricant distribution acquisition device 1 described below is the control device 11.
- the bearing X is set in a state where the axial direction is directed to the incident direction of the neutron beam L1. Then, the control device 11 causes the rotational drive device 4 to rotationally drive the bearing X. As a result, the inner ring X2 of the bearing X is rotationally driven and the ball X3 sandwiched between the inner ring X2 and the outer ring X1 rotates while revolving around the axis, and the lubricant Y moves along with the movement of the ball X3. To move inside the bearing X.
- the neutron beam L1 As the neutron beam L1 is guided by the neutron beam irradiation device 2, the neutron beam L1 enters the bearing X from the axial direction of the bearing X as shown in FIG. 3A. Thereafter, the neutron beam L1 that has passed through the bearing X enters the scintillator 6.
- the scintillator 6 When the neutron beam L1 is incident on the scintillator 6, the scintillator 6 emits light L2 having an intensity distribution similar to the intensity distribution of the neutron beam L1. That is, the scintillator 6 converts the neutron beam L1 into light L2 and emits it.
- the light L2 emitted from the scintillator 6 is guided by the light guide mechanism 7 and amplified by the optical amplifier 8, and then enters the imaging device 9. Then, the control device 11 causes the imaging device 9 to continuously perform imaging a plurality of times. As a result, a plurality of imaging data obtained by viewing the bearing X from the axial center direction is acquired by the imaging device 9.
- the bearing X is set in a state where the axial direction is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the incident direction of the neutron beam L1. Thereafter, the control device 11 repeats the above-described operation, thereby causing the imaging device 9 to acquire a plurality of imaging data when the bearing X is viewed from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the control device 11 causes the signal processing unit 10 to process the imaging data, thereby including a lubricant distribution information in the radial direction centered on the axial center and a lubricant thickness distribution information in the axial direction. Calculate distribution data. Further, the signal processing unit 10 performs processing for associating the calculated lubricant distribution data with the detection result of the rotation detector 5. As a result, the lubricant distribution data is output in association with the rotation angle of the bearing X.
- the lubricant Y is made of an organic substance and has a higher neutron absorption rate than the bearing X. For this reason, the neutron beam L1 transmitted through the bearing X is greatly attenuated in the region where the lubricant Y exists.
- the intensity distribution of the neutron beam L1 is proportional to the intensity distribution of the light L2 converted from the neutron beam L1. Therefore, the neutron beam L1 is incident on the bearing X from the axial direction, and the neutron beam L1 transmitted through the bearing X is converted into the light L2 and imaged, whereby the axis is centered from the brightness distribution of the imaging data.
- the distribution of the lubricant Y in the radial direction can be acquired.
- the neutron beam L1 is incident on the bearing X from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and the neutron beam L1 transmitted through the bearing X is converted into the light L2 and imaged.
- the distribution of the lubricant Y in the axial direction can be acquired.
- the neutron beam L1 incident on the bearing X from the axial direction and transmitted is changed to the light L2, and the light L2 is received and imaged.
- the lubricant distribution data indicating the distribution of the lubricant Y in the bearing X is acquired.
- the distribution of the lubricant Y in the radial direction centered on the shaft center and the lubricant Y in the shaft center direction without disassembling the bearing X, the distribution of the lubricant Y in the radial direction centered on the shaft center and the lubricant Y in the shaft center direction.
- Lubricant distribution data including thickness distribution can be acquired.
- the behavior of the lubricant Y inside the bearing X can be acquired in detail.
- the signal processing unit 10 captures image data captured with the same rotation angle of the inner ring X2 from the positions of the first marker A, the second marker B, and the third marker C included in the image data. Lubricant distribution data is acquired by combining them.
- the bearing X of the present embodiment even when the imaging timings of a plurality of imaging data are different in time series, the imaging data captured with the same rotation angle of the bearing X are combined. Can do. Therefore, it is possible to accurately acquire the behavior of the lubricant Y inside the bearing X.
- a rotation angle index X6 is provided for the inner ring X2. For this reason, even if the rotational speed of the bearing X is uneven or changes with time, the rotational angle of the inner ring X2 can be accurately known. As a result, it is possible to reliably combine image data captured in a state where the rotation angle of the inner ring X2 (that is, the bearing X) is the same.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which the outer ring X1 is rotated and the inner ring X2 is fixed may be employed.
- the rotation angle index is provided for the outer ring X1.
- the ball X3 when the bearing X is driven to rotate, the ball X3 revolves around the axis. That is, the ball X3 also functions as a rotationally movable body of the present invention. For this reason, the structure which provides a rotation angle parameter
- a toothed pulley or a toothed belt can be used.
- Sprockets and chains can also be used.
- the bearing X is a ball bearing that receives a load in the radial direction
- the present invention can also be used to acquire the behavior of lubricants in other bearings, such as roller bearings, sliding bearings, or bearings that receive a load in the thrust direction.
- transmits a bearing from the axial center direction was demonstrated.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to employ a configuration in which the neutron beam L1 passes through the bearing from an oblique direction with respect to the axis.
- the structure which converts the neutron beam L1 into the light L2 using the scintillator 6 was demonstrated.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and imaging may be performed by converting the neutron beam L1 into radiation (electromagnetic waves) such as ⁇ rays.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and film shooting may be performed with an imaging device.
- the bearing of the present invention includes a rotationally movable body that moves during rotational driving. Since the rotary moving body moves as the bearing is driven to rotate, the rotation angle of the rotary moving body and the rotation angle of the bearing are synchronized. Therefore, it is possible to combine the imaging data captured with the same rotational angle of the bearing by combining the imaging data captured with the same rotational angle of the rotary moving body.
- the bearing of the present invention is provided with a rotation angle index that moves to a position corresponding to the rotation angle of the rotary moving body as the rotary moving body moves.
- imaging data with the same position of the rotation angle index even when the imaging timings of a plurality of imaging data are different in time series, imaging is performed with the same rotational angle of the rotary moving body (ie, bearing).
- the captured image data can be combined.
- X Bearing, X1: Outer ring, X2: Inner ring (rotary moving body), X3: Ball, X4: Cage, X5 ... Seal, X6 ... Rotation angle index, A ... First marker, B ... 2nd marker, C ... 3rd marker, S ... Spacer, 1 ... Lubricant distribution acquisition device, 2 ... Neutron beam irradiation device, 4 ... Rotation drive device, 5 ... Rotation detector, 6... Scintillator (electromagnetic wave conversion device), 8... Optical amplifier, 9... Imaging device, 10... Signal processing unit, 11. —lubricant
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1に開示された発明を用いることによって、従来は分解して確認を行っていた潤滑剤の有無の検査を、軸受を分解することなく行うことができる。
また、一般的に中性子ラジオグラフィにて用いられる中性子源は、原子炉や加速器であるために複数方向に配置することが困難である。
このため、軸受を複数方向から撮像する場合には、軸受自体を回して軸受が向いている方向を変え、当然ながら複数の撮像データの撮像タイミングが時系列的に異なる。
しかしながら、特許文献1に開示された発明は、上述のように潤滑剤の挙動を検出しない。このため、特許文献1に開示された発明において、撮像した撮像データからは軸受の回転角度を知ることはできず、時系列的に異なるタイミングで撮像した複数の撮像データ同士を組み合わせることは非常に困難である。
上記の結果は、軸受の寿命が内部の潤滑剤の挙動に依存することを示唆している。つまり、軸受内部の潤滑剤の挙動を知ることができれば、軸受の寿命を改善できる可能性がある。
そして、本発明の軸受は、上記回転移動体の移動に伴って前記回転移動体の回転角度に応じた位置に移動される回転角度指標が上記回転移動体に対して設けられている。このため、回転角度指標の位置が同じ撮像データ同士を組み合わせることによって、複数の撮像データの撮像タイミングが時系列的に異なっている場合も、回転移動体(すなわち軸受)の回転角度が同じ状態で撮像された撮像データ同士を組み合わせることができる。
したがって、本発明によれば、軸受内部における潤滑剤の挙動を正確に取得することが可能となる。
そして、本実施形態の軸受Xは、半径方向に対向配置される環状の外輪X1及び内輪X2と、外輪X1と内輪X2との間に配置される複数の玉X3と、玉X3同士の間隔を等間隔に保持するための保持器X4と、玉X3の収容空間を封止するシールX5と、回転角度指標X6とを備えている。
なお、撮像データにおける潤滑剤Yの視認性を高めてより正確な分布を取得するためには、撮像データに軸受Xの構成要素が写らないことが望ましい。このため、軸受Xの構成要素(外輪X1、内輪X2、玉X3、保持器X4、及びシールX5)は、中性子線L1の吸収率が低いアルミニウム材料から形成されていることが好ましい。
そして、回転角度指標X6は、本発明の回転移動体に相当する上記内輪X2に対して設けられている。
また、第3マーカCは、図1Bに示すように、軸心方向から見て、第1マーカAに対して内輪X2の移動中心(すなわち軸心)を中心として45°変位した位置に配置されている。
本実施形態においては、スペーサSを介して第2マーカB及び第3マーカCを内輪X2に固定する。これにより、図1Cに示すように、第1マーカAと第2マーカBとが、軸心方向と直交する方向から見て軸心方向に変位して配置されている。また、第3マーカCが、第1マーカA及び第2マーカBに対して軸心方向に変位して配置されている。
より詳細には、第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCは、内輪X2側から軸心方向に、第1マーカA、第3マーカC、第2マーカBの順で変位して配置されている。
なお、スペーサSは、第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCと同一の材料で形成することもできる。スペーサSは、軸心方向と直交する方向から撮像する場合に、どの位置であっても第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCの全てが撮像可能なように形成されていることが好ましい。すなわち、スペーサSは、中性子線に対して吸収率の低い材料(例えばアルミニウム材料)によって形成されていることが好ましい。
また、軸心方向と直交する方向から見た第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCの配置が軸心に対して非対称となっている。このため、図2に示すように、第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCの軸心からのオフセット量が、内輪X2の回動角度に応じて常に変化するように構成されている。また、軸心方向と直交する方向から見た第1マーカA、第2マーカB、及び第3マーカCの配置パターンが、内輪X2の回転角度に応じて変化するように構成されている。
このため、軸受Xを軸心方向と軸心方向と直交する方向とから撮像することによって、確実に内輪X2の回転角度を取得することが可能となる。
そして、図3A及び図3Bに示すように、潤滑剤分布取得装置1は、中性子線照射装置2と、軸受支持機構3と、回転駆動装置4(回転駆動装置)と、回転検出器5と、シンチレータ6(電磁波変換装置)と、導光機構7と、光増幅器8と、撮像装置9と、信号処理部10と、制御装置11とを備えている。
なお、中性子源から射出される中性子線を案内することなく軸心方向から軸受Xに照射可能である場合には、中性子線照射装置2を省略することもできる。
また、潤滑剤分布取得装置1は、例えばイオン発生器で派生させた水素あるいはヘリウム等のイオンをターゲットに照射することによって中性子線を発生する他の中性子源を備えていても良い。
筐体3aは、内部にハウジング3b及びハウジング3bに固定される軸受Xを収容する枠体あるいは箱状の部材である。本実施形態において筐体3aは、図3Aに示すように、回転駆動装置4の支持台としても機能する。
ハウジング3bは、軸受Xの外輪を覆って支持し、軸受Xを着脱可能に支持している。そして、本実施形態においてハウジング3bは、図3Aに示すように、軸受Xの軸心が中性子線照射装置2側を向くように軸受Xを支持する。
なお、筐体3a及びハウジング3bは、中性子線L1の通過領域を避ける形状を有していることが好ましいが、中性子線L1の吸収率が極めて低いアルミニウム材料等によって形成すれば中性子線L1の通過領域を跨ぐ形状を有することも可能である。
より詳細には、プーリ4bは、カップリング等によってモータ4aの軸部と連結されている。また、駆動軸部4dは、軸受Xの軸心方向に長い棒状部材であり、軸受Xの内輪に固定されると共に軸受Xの中央を貫通して水平に配設されている。そして、無端ベルトからなるベルト4cは、プーリ4b及び駆動軸部4dに廻し掛けられている。
なお、駆動軸部4dの周面には、回転検出器5が駆動軸部4dの回転状態を検出するためのマークや磁性体が設けられている。
回転検出器5は、駆動軸部4dの周面に設けられたマークや磁性体を検出する光検出器や磁性検出器から構成されており、図3Aに示すように、ハウジング3bに対して固定されている。
シンチレータ6としては、例えば、LiF/ZnS(Ag)、BN/ZnS (Ag)、Gd2O3/ZnS(Ag)、又はGd2O3S(Tb)を用いることができる。
導光機構7は、図3Aに示すように、光L2を反射して案内するミラー7aと、光L2を集光するレンズ7b等を備えている。
なお、撮像装置9において十分に長い露光時間が確保できる場合には、光増幅器8を省略することも可能である。
なお、撮像装置9としては、CCDカメラ、SIT管カメラ、高速度カメラ等を用いることが可能であるが、例えば6000rpm程度で高速回転する軸受Xの内部での潤滑剤Yの移動は高速である。このため、2000fps程度のフレームレートの高い撮像が可能な高速度カメラを用いることが好ましい。
なお、本実施形態における潤滑剤分布データとは、軸心を中心とする半径方向における潤滑剤の分布情報及び軸心方向の潤滑剤の分布情報を含むデータである。そして、本実施形態において信号処理部10は、例えば、撮像データにおける明るさ情報から潤滑剤分布データを算出したり、前記潤滑剤分布データを回転検出器5の検出結果と関連付ける処理を行ったりする。
なお、撮像装置9で撮像された撮像データ自体にも、軸心を中心とする半径方向における潤滑剤の分布情報及び軸心方向の潤滑剤の分布情報が含まれる。このため、要求される潤滑剤分布データを撮像データとすることも可能である。この場合には、信号処理部10は、撮像装置9から入力される撮像データをそのまま潤滑剤分布データとして出力する。
そして、制御装置11は、撮像装置9に撮像を連続して複数回行わせる。この結果、撮像装置9にて軸受Xを軸心方向から見た撮像データが複数取得される。
その後、制御装置11は、上述した動作を繰り返すことによって、撮像装置9にて軸受Xを軸心方向と直交した方向から見た撮像データを複数取得させる。
また、信号処理部10は、算出した潤滑剤分布データを回転検出器5の検出結果と関連付ける処理を行ったりする。この結果、潤滑剤分布データは、軸受Xの回転角度に関連付けられて出力される。
したがって、軸受Xに対して軸心方向から中性子線L1が入射し、軸受Xを透過した中性子線L1を光L2に変換して撮像することによって、撮像データの明るさの分布から軸心を中心とする半径方向における潤滑剤Yの分布を取得することができる。また、軸受Xに対して軸心方向と直交する方向から中性子線L1が入射し、軸受Xを透過した中性子線L1を光L2に変換して撮像することによって、撮像データの明るさの分布から軸心方向における潤滑剤Yの分布を取得することができる。
このため、潤滑剤分布取得装置1及び潤滑剤分布取得方法によれば、軸受Xを分解することなく、軸心を中心とする半径方向における潤滑剤Yの分布及び軸心方向の潤滑剤Yの厚み分布を含む潤滑剤分布データを取得することができる。その結果、軸受X内部における潤滑剤Yの挙動を詳細に取得することが可能となる。
本実施形態の軸受Xを用いることによって、複数の撮像データの撮像タイミングが時系列的に異なっている場合であっても、軸受Xの回転角度が同じ状態で撮像された撮像データ同士を組み合わせることができる。したがって、軸受X内部における潤滑剤Yの挙動を正確に取得することが可能となる。
しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、外輪X1が回転され、内輪X2が固定される構成を採用することもできる。
この場合には、外輪X1が本発明の回転移動体として機能するため、回転角度指標は外輪X1に対して設けられる。
このため、玉X3に回転角度指標を設ける構成を採用することもできる。
この場合には、玉X3のいくつかの全体あるいは一部を他の玉X3と異なる中性子線吸収率の高い材料によって形成し、玉X3自体を回転角度指標として用いる構成を採用することができる。その結果、回転角度指標を別体として設ける必要がなくなる。
しかしながら、本発明は、例えば、コロ軸受、滑り軸受、またはスラスト方向に荷重を受ける軸受等の他の軸受内部における潤滑剤の挙動の取得に用いることも可能である。
しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、中性子線L1が軸心に対して斜め方向から軸受を透過する構成を採用することも可能である。
しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、中性子線L1をγ線等の放射線(電磁波)に変換して撮像するようにしても良い。
しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、撮像装置でフィルム撮影を行っても良い。
本発明の軸受は、上記回転移動体の移動に伴って前記回転移動体の回転角度に応じた位置に移動する回転角度指標が上記回転移動体に対して設けられている。したがって、回転角度指標の位置が同じ撮像データ同士を組み合わせることによって、複数の撮像データの撮像タイミングが時系列的に異なっている場合も、回転移動体(すなわち軸受)の回転角度が同じ状態で撮像された撮像データ同士を組み合わせることができる。その結果、本発明によれば、軸受内部における潤滑剤の挙動を正確に取得することが可能となる。
Claims (14)
- 内部に潤滑剤を封入可能とされる軸受であって、
回転駆動時に移動される回転移動体と、
前記回転移動体に対して設けられると共に前記回転移動体の移動に伴って前記回転移動体の回転角度に応じた位置に移動される回転角度指標と
を備える軸受。 - 前記回転角度指標は、
軸受の軸心方向から見た位置と前記軸心方向と直交する方向から見た位置との両方の位置が、前記回転移動体の回転角度に応じて移動する請求項1に記載の軸受。 - 前記回転角度指標は、
前記回転移動体よりも放射線吸収率の高い材料からなる第1マーカ及び第2マーカからなり、
前記第1マーカと前記第2マーカとが前記軸心方向から見て前記回転移動体の移動中心を中心として対向配置されると共に前記軸心方向と直交する方向から見て前記軸心方向に変位して配置されている、
請求項2に記載の軸受。 - 前記回転角度指標は前記回転移動体よりも放射線吸収率の高い材料からなる第3マーカをさらに備え、前記第3マーカが前記軸心方向と直交する方向から見て前記第1マーカ及び前記第2マーカに対して前記軸心方向に変位して配置されている請求項3に記載の軸受。
- 前記第3マーカが前記軸心方向から見て前記第1マーカあるいは前記第2マーカに対して前記回転移動体の移動中心を中心として所定の角度だけ変位した位置に配置されている請求項4に記載の軸受。
- 前記所定の角度が45°である請求項5に記載の軸受。
- 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項3に記載の軸受。
- 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項4に記載の軸受。
- 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項5に記載の軸受。
- 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項6に記載の軸受。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の軸受を透過した放射線を受けて電磁波に変換する電磁波変換装置と、
前記電磁波変換装置から射出される電磁波を受けて撮像することにより前記軸受内部における潤滑剤の分布を示す潤滑剤分布データを取得する撮像処理装置と
を備える潤滑剤分布取得装置。 - 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項11に記載の軸受。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の軸受を透過した放射線を電磁波に変換し、前記電磁波を受けて撮像することにより前記軸受内部における潤滑剤の分布を示す潤滑剤分布データを取得する潤滑剤分布取得方法。
- 前記放射線が中性子線である請求項13に記載の潤滑剤分布取得方法。
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- 2012-03-09 WO PCT/JP2012/056164 patent/WO2012121384A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-03-09 KR KR1020137024549A patent/KR101530627B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-03-09 US US14/002,783 patent/US9103378B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-03-09 EP EP12755626.4A patent/EP2685116A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-03-09 JP JP2013503629A patent/JPWO2012121384A1/ja active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130343633A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
JPWO2012121384A1 (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
KR101530627B1 (ko) | 2015-06-22 |
KR20130129286A (ko) | 2013-11-27 |
EP2685116A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
US9103378B2 (en) | 2015-08-11 |
EP2685116A4 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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