WO2012114948A1 - 信号処理装置、信号処理方法、および受信装置 - Google Patents

信号処理装置、信号処理方法、および受信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012114948A1
WO2012114948A1 PCT/JP2012/053437 JP2012053437W WO2012114948A1 WO 2012114948 A1 WO2012114948 A1 WO 2012114948A1 JP 2012053437 W JP2012053437 W JP 2012053437W WO 2012114948 A1 WO2012114948 A1 WO 2012114948A1
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Prior art keywords
carrier signal
voltage
negative
positive
amplitude fluctuation
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2012/053437
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
伸一 福田
裕章 中野
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to KR1020137021301A priority Critical patent/KR101860169B1/ko
Priority to US13/985,442 priority patent/US9571210B2/en
Priority to EP12749491.2A priority patent/EP2665019B1/en
Priority to CN201280018403.8A priority patent/CN103493071B/zh
Publication of WO2012114948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012114948A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D1/00—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations
    • H03D1/08—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear two-pole elements
    • H03D1/10—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear two-pole elements of diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
    • H04B5/48—Transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
    • H04B5/45—Transponders

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a signal processing device, a signal processing method, and a receiving device, and in particular, for example, a signal processing device suitable for use in detecting the return information from a carrier signal load-modulated based on transmission information.
  • the present invention relates to a processing method and a receiver.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional noncontact communication system.
  • the non-contact communication system 10 includes a reader / writer 11 and a transponder 12.
  • the reader / writer 11 is incorporated in a ticket gate and the transponder 12 is incorporated in an IC card represented by Suica (trademark) Ru.
  • ASK amplitude shift keying modulation of a sine wave carrier signal (carrier wave) as shown in A of FIG. 2 is performed according to the predetermined transmission information.
  • Send On the contrary, when transmitting predetermined predetermined return information as shown in B of FIG. 2 from the transponder 12 to the reader / writer 11, the damping resistance R1 in the transponder 12 is switched according to the predetermined return information.
  • load modulation that causes a change in the voltage of the carrier signal is adopted by turning on and off according to the above (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the carrier signal subjected to load modulation is received by the antenna of the reader / writer 11.
  • the received load-modulated carrier signal has a degree of modulation reduced according to the distance between the reader / writer 11 and the transponder 12, and the degree of modulation is The lower it is, the harder it is to detect the reply information.
  • the non-contact communication system 10 when used for a ticket gate such as a station, communication is possible even if the distance between the reader / writer 11 and the transponder 12 is 10 cm or more, considering the convenience of the user. Is required.
  • Vpp Peak-to-peak voltage
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional reader / writer corresponding to the case where Vpp of the carrier signal is 20V.
  • the reader / writer 20 detects the return information based on the amplitude change of the voltage of the load-modulated carrier signal.
  • the carrier signal subjected to load modulation is both-wave rectified, envelope detection is performed by the peak hold circuit, and a detection signal is output.
  • a detection signal is output.
  • FIG. 4A in the case of a carrier signal which is load-modulated with a modulation degree of 10%, both-wave rectified as shown in B of FIG. 4 and as shown in C of FIG. A detected signal with a 1 V difference is output.
  • the reply information is detected as the amplitude change of the voltage of the carrier signal. Therefore, when the modulation degree of the carrier signal is lowered, it is not possible to accurately detect the reply information.
  • the allowable Vpp of the input carrier signal is about 2 V, which is low. It is the majority.
  • Vpp of the carrier signal is assumed to be about 20 V. Therefore, in order to adopt the conventional IQ detector in the reader / writer, for example, as shown in FIG. It is conceivable to provide an attenuator for attenuating Vpp of the carrier signal to 1/10. In this case, the carrier signal with Vpp attenuated by the attenuator has a voltage amplitude difference of 0.1 V as shown in FIG. 6, so the detected signal output from the IQ detector also has a difference of 0.1 V. It will only happen. As a result, the detection sensitivity of the reply information by the reader / writer 30 may decrease.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of such a situation, and makes it possible to detect reply information with high accuracy from a carrier signal that is load-modulated based on the reply information.
  • a signal processing apparatus includes: a positive detection unit that detects a positive amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of a load-modulated carrier signal; and a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal It includes a negative detection unit to be detected, and a synthesis unit to synthesize the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal.
  • the positive detection unit is configured to generate a positive threshold of the voltage of the carrier signal, and select a larger value by comparing the voltage of the carrier signal with the positive threshold. And a second generation unit that generates a negative threshold of the voltage of the carrier signal, and comparing the voltage of the carrier signal with the negative threshold. And a second selection unit that selects the smaller value.
  • the signal processing apparatus may further include a shaping unit that shapes a waveform of a combined result of the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion into a sine wave.
  • a signal processing method is a signal processing method of a signal processing device for attenuating a voltage of a load-modulated carrier signal, the positive amplitude fluctuation of the voltage of the carrier signal by the signal processing device.
  • a positive detection step of detecting a portion a negative detection step of detecting a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal, the positive amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion And synthesizing.
  • a positive amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of a carrier signal is detected, and a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of the carrier signal is detected, and the positive amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of the carrier signal
  • the negative amplitude fluctuation part is synthesized.
  • a receiving apparatus includes: a receiving unit that receives a carrier signal that is load-modulated; a positive detecting unit that detects a positive amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of the carrier signal; A negative detection unit for detecting a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage, a synthesis unit for synthesizing the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal, and the positive amplitude fluctuation portion And a detection unit for detecting the synthesis result of the negative amplitude fluctuation part.
  • the receiving device may further include a shaping unit configured to shape a waveform of a combined result of the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion into a sine wave, and the detection unit , And the combined result shaped into a sine wave can be detected.
  • a shaping unit configured to shape a waveform of a combined result of the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion into a sine wave
  • a carrier signal that is load-modulated is received, a positive amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of the carrier signal is detected, and a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of a voltage of the carrier signal is detected.
  • the positive amplitude fluctuation portion and the negative amplitude fluctuation portion are combined, and the combined result is detected.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure it is possible to improve the modulation degree of the amplitude change of the carrier signal that is load-modulated based on the return information.
  • the second aspect of the present disclosure it is possible to detect reply information with high accuracy from a carrier signal that is load-modulated based on the received reply information.
  • FIG. 7 shows the case where the Vpp of the carrier signal which is load-modulated based on the return information is attenuated by the conventional attenuator shown in FIG. FIG. 9) shows the difference from the case of attenuation (FIG. 9B).
  • the amplitude of the voltage is entirely compressed as shown in FIG. Therefore, the amplitude change corresponding to the reply information, that is, the degree of modulation of the carrier signal is lowered, and the detection accuracy of the reply information is lowered. Therefore, in the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. B, a method for attenuating the Vpp of the carrier signal without lowering the modulation of the carrier signal is proposed.
  • FIG. That is, from the load-modulated carrier signal before attenuation shown in FIG. A, as shown in FIG. B, the intermediate potential portion not related to the return information is excluded and the amplitude of the voltage related to the return information A positive amplitude fluctuation part and a negative amplitude fluctuation part which are change components are detected. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6C, the positive amplitude fluctuation part and the negative amplitude fluctuation part related to the return information are added.
  • Vpp is attenuated, it is possible to obtain a carrier signal in which an amplitude change component related to return information is held (relatively, the modulation degree is improved). Therefore, if the attenuated carrier signal is detected, the return information can be detected with higher accuracy.
  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of a reader / writer which is an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the reader / writer 50 is used, for example, in a non-contact communication system as shown in FIG. 1, and receives a carrier signal of high voltage (about 20 V) load-modulated by the transponder according to the reply information. Then, quadrature detection is performed, and reply information is detected as a detection result.
  • the reader / writer 50 includes an antenna 51, a modulation degree adjustment unit 52, and an IQ detection unit 53.
  • the antenna 51 receives the carrier signal subjected to load modulation and outputs the carrier signal to the modulation degree adjustment unit 52.
  • the modulation degree adjustment unit 52 attenuates Vpp and outputs it to the IQ detection unit 53 while holding the amplitude change component of the load-modulated carrier signal.
  • the IQ detection unit 53 performs quadrature detection (IQ detection) on the carrier signal input from the modulation degree adjustment unit 52, and detects return information as a detection result.
  • IQ detection quadrature detection
  • FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of the modulation degree adjustment unit 52.
  • the modulation degree adjustment unit 52 includes a positive direct current generation unit 61, a positive selection unit 62, a negative direct current generation unit 63, a negative selection unit 64, and an addition unit 65.
  • the positive direct current generation unit 61 generates a positive direct current component (fixed value) of the voltage as a positive threshold based on the load modulated carrier signal input from the antenna 51, and selects the positive selection unit 62. Output to Specifically, for example, from the load-modulated carrier signal as shown in A of FIG. 8, a positive threshold for extracting the waveform shown in the upper side of B of FIG. 8 is generated.
  • the positive selection unit 62 compares the voltage of the load-modulated carrier signal input from the antenna 51 with the value (positive threshold value) of the positive DC component input from the positive DC generation unit 61. The larger value is output to the addition unit 65. As a result of this selection, for example, a positive amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal as shown in the upper side of B of FIG. 8 is extracted.
  • the negative direct current generation unit 63 generates a negative direct current component (fixed value) of the voltage as a negative threshold based on the load modulated carrier signal input from the antenna 51 and generates a negative selection unit. Output to 64. Specifically, for example, from the load-modulated carrier signal shown in FIG. 8A, a negative threshold for extracting the waveform shown in the lower side of FIG. 8B is generated.
  • the negative selection unit 64 compares the voltage of the load-modulated carrier signal input from the antenna 51 with the value (negative threshold) of the negative DC component input from the negative DC generation unit 62. The smaller value is output to the addition unit 65. As a result of this selection, for example, a negative amplitude fluctuation portion of the voltage of the carrier signal as shown in the lower side of B of FIG. 8 is extracted.
  • the addition unit 65 adds the output of the positive selection unit 62 and the output of the negative selection unit 64, and outputs the addition result (FIG. 12c) to the IQ detection unit 53.
  • the addition result for example, as shown in C of FIG. 8, a signal in which Vpp is smaller than the original carrier signal and in which the voltage fluctuation part is held can be obtained.
  • FIG. 11 shows a first configuration example of an electronic circuit for realizing the modulation factor adjustment unit 52. As shown in FIG. The parts corresponding to those in FIG. 10 are assigned the same reference numerals.
  • the positive direct current generation unit 61 includes a diode D11, a resistor R11, and a capacitor C11.
  • the diode D11 allows only the positive voltage of the carrier signal input from the antenna 51 connected to the anode side to pass through to the subsequent stage, whereby a positive voltage is applied to the capacitor C11.
  • the resistor R11 prevents excessive current from flowing in the capacitor C11. Therefore, by changing the value of resistor R11, the voltage value stored in capacitor C11 can be adjusted.
  • the positive selection unit 62 includes a diode D12 and a diode D13 connected in parallel.
  • the positive voltage from the capacitor C11 connected to the anode side is applied to the diode D12.
  • the positive voltage of the carrier signal from the antenna 51 connected to the anode side is applied to the diode D13.
  • the negative direct current generation unit 63 includes a diode D21, a resistor R21, and a capacitor C21.
  • the diode D21 allows only the negative voltage of the load-modulated carrier signal input from the antenna 51 connected to the cathode side to pass through to the subsequent stage, whereby a negative voltage is applied to the capacitor C21.
  • the resistor R21 prevents excessive current from flowing in the capacitor C21. Therefore, the voltage value stored in capacitor C21 can be adjusted by changing the value of resistor R21.
  • the negative selection unit 64 is configured of a diode D22 and a diode D23 connected in parallel. A negative voltage from the capacitor C21 connected to the cathode side is applied to the diode D22. The negative voltage of the carrier signal from the antenna 51 connected to the cathode side is applied to the diode D23. As a result, the lower one of the negative voltage stored in the capacitor C21 and the negative voltage of the carrier signal is output to the addition unit 65 in the subsequent stage.
  • the adding unit 65 is composed of a resistor R12 and a resistor R22.
  • the negative direct current generation unit 63 can obtain a negative fixed value (threshold) as shown in FIG. 13 d.
  • the negative threshold can be adjusted by changing the value of the resistor R21. From the negative selection unit 64, a portion lower than the negative threshold shown in FIG. 13d is extracted from the carrier signal to obtain a signal of the waveform shown in FIG. 13e.
  • the waveform shown in FIG. 13a and the waveform shown in FIG. 13e are added to obtain a signal of the waveform shown in FIG. 13c, which is output to the subsequent stage.
  • FIG. 14 shows the waveform of the voltage of the carrier signal input to the first configuration example of the modulation factor adjustment unit 52 shown in FIG. 12 and the voltage output from the addition unit 65 shown in FIG. 13 c.
  • the waveform is shown by adjusting its vertical width. That is, the vertical axis of A in FIG. 14 indicates the range of ⁇ 20 V, and the vertical axis of B in FIG. 14 indicates the range of ⁇ 2 V.
  • FIG. 15 also shows the definition of the degree of modulation of the signal that is load-modulated. The modulation degree is calculated by (AB) / (A + B) using the maximum VppA and the minimum VppB.
  • the modulation degree is 5.3. It becomes%.
  • the modulation degree is 40.2%.
  • the modulation factor adjustment unit 52 shown in FIG. 11 it is possible to improve the modulation factor to about 7.5 times while compressing Vpp of the carrier signal. Therefore, it is possible to use a quadrature detection LSI having an allowable Vpp of about 2 V for the IQ detection unit 53, and to perform detection based on a change in amplitude of the voltage of the carrier signal with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating the signal detection process by the reader / writer 50.
  • step S ⁇ b> 1 the positive DC generator 61 of the modulation factor adjuster 52 generates a positive threshold based on the carrier signal input from the antenna 51, and outputs the positive threshold to the positive selector 62.
  • step S2 the positive selection unit 62 compares the voltage of the carrier signal input from the antenna 51 with the positive threshold from the positive DC generation unit 61 and outputs the larger value to the addition unit 65. .
  • step S 3 the negative DC generator 63 generates a negative threshold based on the carrier signal input from the antenna 51, and outputs the negative threshold to the negative selector 64.
  • step S4 the negative selection unit 64 compares the voltage of the carrier signal input from the antenna 51 with the negative threshold input from the negative DC generation unit 62, and adds the smaller value to the addition unit 65. Output.
  • steps S1 to S4 actually proceed simultaneously.
  • step S5 the addition unit 65 adds the output of the positive selection unit 62 and the output of the negative selection unit 64, and outputs the addition result (FIG. 12c) to the IQ detection unit 53.
  • step S6 the IQ detection unit 53 performs IQ detection on the signal having a Vpp smaller than the original carrier signal input from the addition unit 65 and in which the voltage fluctuation part is held. As a result of this IQ detection, reply information from the transponder can be obtained. This is the end of the description of the signal detection process.
  • FIG. 17 shows a second configuration example of an electronic circuit for realizing the modulation factor adjustment unit 52.
  • symbol is attached
  • the difference between the second configuration example and the first configuration example is the configuration of the adding unit 65. That is, in the first configuration example, the adding unit 65 is configured of the resistor R12 and the resistor R22, but in the second configuration example, the resistor R31 and the operational amplifier 71 are further added.
  • the resistor R31 which has a smaller resistance value than the resistors R12 and R22, is used as a feedback resistor of the operational amplifier 71.
  • the operational amplifier 71 totally attenuates the sum of the output of the positive selection unit 62 input through the resistor R12 and the output of the negative selection unit 64 input through the resistor R22, and outputs the result to the subsequent stage Do.
  • the negative direct current generation unit 63 can obtain a negative fixed value (negative threshold) as shown in FIG. 19d.
  • the negative threshold can be adjusted by changing the value of the resistor R21. From the negative selection section 64, a portion lower than the negative threshold shown in FIG. 19d is extracted from the carrier signal to obtain a signal of the waveform shown in FIG. 19e.
  • the waveform shown in FIG. 19a and the waveform shown in FIG. 19e are added and attenuated, and a signal of the waveform shown in FIG. 19c is obtained and output to the subsequent stage.
  • FIG. 20 shows the waveform of the voltage of the carrier signal input to the second configuration example of the modulation factor adjustment unit 52 shown in FIG. 18 and the voltage output from the addition unit 65 shown in FIG. 19c.
  • the waveform is shown by adjusting its vertical width. That is, the vertical axis of A in FIG. 20 indicates the range of ⁇ 20 V, and the vertical axis of B in FIG. 20 indicates the range of ⁇ 2 V.
  • the modulation degree is 5.3. It becomes%.
  • the modulation degree is 18.7%.
  • the modulation factor adjustment unit 52 shown in FIG. 17 it is possible to improve the modulation factor to about 3.5 times while compressing Vpp of the carrier signal. Therefore, it is possible to use a quadrature detection LSI having an allowable Vpp of about 2 V for the IQ detection unit 53, and to perform detection based on a change in amplitude of the voltage of the carrier signal with high accuracy.
  • the voltage of the carrier signal attenuated by the modulation degree adjustment unit 52 described above has a waveform as shown in A of FIG. This may be input to the IQ detection unit 53 and detected, but as shown in B of FIG. 21, if it can be shaped into a waveform close to a sine wave, detection accuracy can be further enhanced.
  • FIG. 22 shows a configuration example of the reader / writer 80 that can arrange the attenuated carrier signal into a waveform close to a sine wave and input it to the IQ detection unit 53.
  • the reader / writer 80 is provided with an LPF 81 between the modulation factor adjustment unit 52 and the IQ detection unit 53 of the reader / writer 50 shown in FIG. Parts other than the LPF 81 are common to the reader / writer 50.
  • the LPF 81 can approximate the waveform to a sine wave by removing high frequency components of the attenuated carrier signal.
  • the reply information can be detected with higher accuracy than the reader / writer 50.
  • the reader / writers 50 and 80 described above have a great effect in detecting the amplitude change of the voltage of the carrier signal by providing the modulation factor adjustment unit 52.
  • the present disclosure specifically extends the communication distance between the reader / writer and the transponder, since load modulation is often detected as an amplitude change rather than a phase change if the distance between the reader / writer and the transponder is relatively far. It is effective when aiming.
  • the modulation adjustment unit 52 of the present disclosure can be applied not only to a reader / writer of a noncontact communication system, but also to a receiving apparatus that receives a signal whose load has been changed.
  • a system refers to an entire apparatus configured by a plurality of apparatuses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
PCT/JP2012/053437 2011-02-21 2012-02-14 信号処理装置、信号処理方法、および受信装置 Ceased WO2012114948A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020137021301A KR101860169B1 (ko) 2011-02-21 2012-02-14 신호 처리 장치, 신호 처리 방법 및 수신 장치
US13/985,442 US9571210B2 (en) 2011-02-21 2012-02-14 Signal processing device, signal processing method, and receiving device
EP12749491.2A EP2665019B1 (en) 2011-02-21 2012-02-14 Signal processing device, signal processing method, and receiving device
CN201280018403.8A CN103493071B (zh) 2011-02-21 2012-02-14 信号处理设备、信号处理方法和接收设备

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JP2011034580A JP5691615B2 (ja) 2011-02-21 2011-02-21 信号処理装置、信号処理方法、および受信装置
JP2011-034580 2011-02-21

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US (1) US9571210B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2665019B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5691615B2 (enExample)
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JP5691615B2 (ja) 2015-04-01
CN103493071B (zh) 2017-07-07
JP2012173931A (ja) 2012-09-10
KR20140006872A (ko) 2014-01-16
US9571210B2 (en) 2017-02-14
CN103493071A (zh) 2014-01-01
EP2665019B1 (en) 2015-12-30
US20130316655A1 (en) 2013-11-28
KR101860169B1 (ko) 2018-05-21
EP2665019A1 (en) 2013-11-20

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