WO2012090680A1 - 鋼線材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
鋼線材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012090680A1 WO2012090680A1 PCT/JP2011/078560 JP2011078560W WO2012090680A1 WO 2012090680 A1 WO2012090680 A1 WO 2012090680A1 JP 2011078560 W JP2011078560 W JP 2011078560W WO 2012090680 A1 WO2012090680 A1 WO 2012090680A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel wire and a method for producing the same, and in particular, a steel wire for mechanical descaling in which a scale that can be easily removed by mechanical descaling is formed (hereinafter, “steel wire” is simply referred to as “wire”). And a manufacturing method thereof.
- a scale is usually formed on the surface of the wire manufactured by hot rolling, and it is necessary to remove this scale before subjecting the wire to secondary processing such as wire drawing.
- a method for removing scale before such secondary processing a batch-type pickling method has been used in the past, but in recent years, from the viewpoint of pollution problems and cost reduction, a mechanical descaling (hereinafter referred to as MD) method is used. Is being used. Therefore, it is requested
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 can be cited as methods for producing a wire having a scale with good MD properties.
- the scale amount remaining in the wire after MD is reduced by forming a thick scale with a high FeO ratio (or a low Fe 3 O 4 ratio).
- Patent Literature 3 by reducing the interface roughness, the propagation of cracks generated at the scale interface is promoted, and the residual scale amount is reduced.
- Patent Document 4 a certain amount of pores having a size of 1 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less are present in the scale to improve scale adhesion and improve peelability.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 described above have the following problems.
- the MD method is difficult to remove the entire scale uniformly and stably, and even if MD is applied to a wire having a thick scale, the surface of the wire In some cases, finely crushed scale powder is scattered. In this way, when the residual scale remaining locally increases, problems such as wrinkles due to poor lubrication and a decrease in the die life may occur in secondary processing such as wire drawing.
- This invention is made
- the steel wire rod according to the present invention that has achieved the above-mentioned problems is: C: 0.05 to 1.2% (meaning mass%, hereinafter the same for chemical components), Si: 0.01 to 0.7%, Mn: 0.1 to 1.5%, P: 0.02% or less (not including 0%), S: 0.02% or less (not including 0%), N: 0.005% or less (0% Is a steel wire that contains iron and inevitable impurities, and has a scale with a thickness of 6.0 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and a hole with an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less in the scale Is 10 area% or less.
- the steel wire rod according to the present invention includes (a) Cr: 0.3% or less (not including 0%) and / or Ni: 0.3% or less (not including 0%), (b) Cu as required. : 0.3% or less (excluding 0%), (c) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ti, Hf, and Zr is 0.1% or less in total (0 %), (D) Al: 0.1% or less (not including 0%), (e) B: 0.005% or less (not including 0%), (f) Ca: 0.01 % Or less (not including 0%) and / or Mg: 0.01% or less (not including 0%).
- the present invention provides a steel having any one of the above chemical components by hot rolling at a rolling end temperature of 1000 to 1100 ° C. and bringing it into contact with a non-oxygen medium, whereby a holding time of 950 ° C. or higher is 0.20 to 20
- the method also includes a method of producing a steel wire, characterized by cooling at a rate such that a holding time of 950 ° C. or less for less than 0.15 seconds is taken up at 750 to 950 ° C.
- the non-oxygen medium is preferably an inert gas or water, and more preferably the inert gas is nitrogen.
- the thickness of the scale is adjusted to a predetermined range, and fine pores in the scale are suppressed.
- the scale peels off easily during MD, so a sufficient descaling device can be secured, and adverse effects (such as wire surface defects due to leftover of the scale, poor lubrication, etc.) during secondary processing such as wire drawing. It is possible to provide a high quality steel wire rod. Further, since the scale loss is small, the yield can be maintained high.
- the scale is removed by MD before secondary processing such as wire drawing, and if the scale remains after MD, the die life is reduced. Therefore, there has been a demand for a wire having a scale that easily peels off during MD.
- the MD method is a method in which a wire is distorted to cause cracks in the scale or at the interface between the ground iron and the scale, and the scale is peeled off.
- the ratio of FeO in the scale has been improved. This is because the strength of FeO is smaller than that of Fe 2 O 3 or Fe 3 O 4 , and it is considered that increasing the FeO ratio in the scale is effective for improving the scale peelability during MD. It is.
- Holes (equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less) are likely to be generated, and the fine holes are aggregated to form a hole array in the scale. When such a hole array is formed, only part of the scale layer is peeled off during MD, and the scale remains on the surface of the wire.
- the thickness of the scale is 6.0 ⁇ m or more in order to ensure MD properties.
- the scale thickness is preferably 7 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or more (particularly 9 ⁇ m or more).
- the scale thickness exceeds 20 ⁇ m, the scale loss increases and the yield decreases.
- the scale peels off during the cooling process, transportation and transportation, and rust is generated.
- the scale thickness is preferably 19 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 18 ⁇ m or less.
- the fine pores in the scale are 10 area% or less. If the fine pores exceed 10 area%, the fine pores are aggregated in the scale, peeling occurs only at that portion during MD, and the scale remains on the surface of the wire.
- the area ratio of the fine holes is preferably 9% or less, more preferably 8% or less (particularly 7% or less).
- the lower limit of the size of the fine pores targeted in the present invention is usually about 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the residual scale amount after MD can be reduced to 30% or less with respect to the scale amount before MD. This corresponds to approximately 0.05% by mass or less in the remaining scale amount with respect to the mass of the steel wire.
- the residual scale amount is preferably 25 area% or less, more preferably 20 area% or less.
- the rolling end temperature is 1000-1100 ° C. When the rolling end temperature exceeds 1100 ° C., the scale loss increases. On the other hand, when the rolling end temperature falls below 1000 ° C., the scale thickness cannot be secured.
- the rolling end temperature is preferably 1020 to 1080 ° C.
- the non-oxygen medium is preferably an inert gas or water. Further, the inert gas is preferably nitrogen gas.
- the retention time in the high temperature region (high temperature residence time) is secured at a predetermined level or more, and the retention time in the low temperature region (low temperature residence time) is shortened. More specifically, the wire is cooled at such a speed that the holding time of 950 ° C. or higher is 0.20 to 20 seconds, 950 ° C. or lower, and the holding time until the start of winding is less than 0.15 seconds.
- the growth of scale can be promoted by increasing the high temperature stay time of 950 ° C. or higher. Further, when the low temperature stay time of 950 ° C. or less and the start of winding is 0.15 seconds or more, the interface concentration of alloy elements such as Si, Mn, Cr, etc. becomes remarkable, the diffusion of Fe is inhibited, and the scale grows. It becomes difficult.
- the high temperature residence time is preferably 0.3 to 15 seconds, and the low temperature residence time is preferably 0.13 seconds or less.
- the adjustment of the high temperature residence time and the low temperature residence time may be performed by adjusting the water volume ratio in each temperature range when cooling with water, and adjusting the gas flow rate ratio in each temperature range when using an inert gas. In any case, the amount of water or the gas flow rate in the high temperature region may be lowered than that in the low temperature region.
- the coiling temperature is preferably 760 to 940 ° C, more preferably 780 to 930 ° C.
- C 0.05 to 1.2% C is an element that greatly affects the mechanical properties of steel.
- the C content was set to 0.05% or more.
- the amount of C is preferably 0.15% or more, and more preferably 0.3% or more.
- the C amount is set to 1.2% or less.
- the amount of C is preferably 1.0% or less, and more preferably 0.9% or less.
- Si 0.01 to 0.7% Si is an element necessary for deoxidation of steel, and if its content is too small, the generation of Fe 2 SiO 4 (firelight) becomes insufficient and the MD property deteriorates. Therefore, the Si amount is determined to be 0.01% or more.
- the amount of Si is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 0.2% or more.
- the Si amount is set to 0.7% or less.
- the amount of Si is preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.4% or less.
- Mn 0.1 to 1.5% Mn is an element useful for securing the hardenability of steel and increasing the strength. In order to effectively exhibit such an action, the amount of Mn was determined to be 0.1% or more. The amount of Mn is preferably 0.2% or more, and more preferably 0.4% or more. On the other hand, when the amount of Mn is excessive, segregation occurs in the cooling process after hot rolling, and a supercooled structure (such as martensite) that is harmful to wire drawing workability is likely to occur. Therefore, the amount of Mn is set to 1.5% or less. The amount of Mn is preferably 1.4% or less, more preferably 1.2% or less.
- P 0.02% or less (excluding 0%)
- P is an element that deteriorates the toughness and ductility of steel.
- the P content is set to 0.02% or less.
- the amount of P is preferably 0.01% or less, and more preferably 0.005% or less.
- the lower limit of the amount of P is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.001%.
- S 0.02% or less (excluding 0%) S, like P, is an element that degrades the toughness and ductility of steel. In order to prevent disconnection in the wire drawing or the subsequent twisting process, the S content is set to 0.02% or less.
- the amount of S is preferably 0.01% or less, and more preferably 0.005% or less.
- the lower limit of the amount of S is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.001%.
- N 0.005% or less (excluding 0%)
- N is an element that deteriorates the ductility of steel when the content is excessive. Therefore, the N amount is set to 0.005% or less.
- the amount of N is preferably 0.004% or less, and more preferably 0.003% or less.
- the lower limit of the N amount is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.001%.
- the basic components of the steel wire rod of the present invention are as described above, and the balance is substantially iron. However, it is naturally allowed that the inevitable impurities brought in depending on the situation of raw materials, materials, manufacturing facilities, etc. are included in the steel wire. Furthermore, it is also recommended to add the following elements as necessary within a range not impeding the effects of the present invention.
- both the Cr amount and the Ni amount are preferably 0.05% or more. More preferably, the Cr amount and the Ni amount are both 0.10% or more, and more preferably both are 0.12% or more.
- the Cr content and the Ni content are both 0.3% or less. More preferably, the Cr content and the Ni content are both 0.25% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less. Cr and Ni may be added alone or in combination.
- Cu 0.3% or less (excluding 0%)
- Cu is an element having an action of promoting scale peeling.
- the amount of Cu is preferably 0.01% or more.
- the amount of Cu is more preferably 0.05% or more, and further preferably 0.07% or more.
- the amount of Cu becomes excessive, peeling of the scale is excessively promoted, the scale is peeled off during rolling, and another thin scale with high adhesion is generated on the peeled surface, and the wire coil is stored and transported. Rust is generated when Therefore, the Cu content is preferably 0.3% or less.
- the amount of Cu is more preferably 0.25% or less, and still more preferably 0.20% or less.
- Nb, V, Ti, Hf, and Zr are all elements that form fine carbonitrides and contribute to high strength.
- the Nb amount, the V amount, the Ti amount, the Hf amount, and the Zr amount are all 0.003% or more.
- the Nb amount, V amount, Ti amount, Hf amount, and Zr amount are all preferably 0.007% or more, and more preferably 0.01% or more.
- the total amount of these elements is preferably 0.1% or less.
- the total amount of these elements is more preferably 0.08% or less, still more preferably 0.06% or less.
- Al 0.1% or less (excluding 0%) Al is an element effective as a deoxidizer.
- the Al content is preferably 0.001% or more.
- the amount of Al is more preferably 0.01% or more, and further preferably 0.02% or more.
- the Al content is preferably 0.1% or less.
- the amount of Al is more preferably 0.08% or less, and still more preferably 0.06% or less.
- B 0.005% or less (excluding 0%)
- B is an element that suppresses the formation of ferrite by being present as free B that dissolves in steel (B that does not form a compound), and is particularly effective for high-strength wires that require suppression of longitudinal cracks. It is.
- the B content is preferably 0.0001% or more.
- the amount of B is more preferably 0.0005% or more, and further preferably 0.0009% or more.
- the B content is preferably 0.005% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less, and still more preferably 0.0035% or less.
- Ca and Mg are both elements that have the effect of increasing the ductility by controlling the form of inclusions. Moreover, Ca also has the effect
- the obtained steel wire was measured by the following method.
- no. 3, 29, 33, 36, 40, 43, 46, and 47 have deteriorated MD properties because the manufacturing conditions do not satisfy the requirements of the present invention.
- No. 3, 29, 33, 43, and 46 were cooled in the air after finish rolling, so that the area ratio of fine pores increased and the MD property deteriorated.
- No. No. 36 had a short high-temperature stay time at 950 ° C. or more, so the scale thickness was reduced and the MD property was deteriorated.
- No. 47 since the high temperature stay time at 950 ° C. or higher was too long, the scale thickness became too thick, the scale loss increased, the area ratio of the fine pores increased, and the MD property deteriorated.
- the steel wire rod of the present invention is excellent in mechanical descaling after hot rolling (before wire drawing), it cuts automobile tire cords (steel cords, bead wires), hose wires, semiconductor silicon, etc. It is useful as a material such as saw wire used in
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Abstract
Description
Cは、鋼の機械的性質に大きく影響する元素である。線材の強度を確保するため、C量を0.05%以上と定めた。C量は好ましくは0.15%以上であり、より好ましくは0.3%以上である。一方、C量が過剰になると、線材製造時の熱間加工性が劣化する。そこでC量を1.2%以下と定めた。C量は、好ましくは1.0%以下であり、より好ましくは0.9%以下である。
Siは、鋼の脱酸のために必要な元素であり、その含有量が少なすぎると、Fe2SiO4(ファイアライト)の生成が不十分となりMD性が劣化する。そこで、Si量を0.01%以上と定めた。Si量は、好ましくは0.1%以上であり、より好ましくは0.2%以上である。一方、Si量が過剰になると、Fe2SiO4(ファイアライト)の過剰生成によって、MD性が著しく劣化する他、表面脱炭層が生成するなどの問題が生じる。そこで、Si量を0.7%以下と定めた。Si量は、好ましくは0.5%以下であり、より好ましくは0.4%以下である。
Mnは、鋼の焼入れ性を確保し、強度を高めるのに有用な元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、Mn量を0.1%以上と定めた。Mn量は、好ましくは0.2%以上であり、より好ましくは0.4%以上である。一方、Mn量が過剰になると、熱間圧延後の冷却過程で偏析を起こし、伸線加工性等に有害な過冷組織(マルテンサイト等)が発生しやすくなる。そこでMn量を1.5%以下と定めた。Mn量は、好ましくは1.4%以下であり、より好ましくは1.2%以下である。
Pは、鋼の靭性及び延性を劣化させる元素である。伸線工程等における断線を防止するため、P量を0.02%以下と定めた。P量は好ましくは0.01%以下であり、より好ましくは0.005%以下である。P量の下限は特に限定されないが、通常0.001%程度である。
Sは、Pと同様に、鋼の靭性及び延性を劣化させる元素である。伸線やその後の撚り工程における断線を防止するため、S量を0.02%以下と定めた。S量は、好ましくは0.01%以下であり、より好ましくは0.005%以下である。S量の下限は特に限定されないが、通常、0.001%程度である。
Nは、含有量が過剰になると、鋼の延性を劣化させる元素である。そこで、N量を0.005%以下と定めた。N量は、好ましくは0.004%以下であり、より好ましくは0.003%以下である。N量の下限は特に限定されないが、通常、0.001%程度である。
Cr及びNiは、いずれも鋼の焼入れ性を高めて、強度の向上に寄与する元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるためCr量、Ni量はいずれも0.05%以上であることが好ましい。より好ましいCr量、Ni量はいずれも0.10%以上であり、さらに好ましくはいずれも0.12%以上である。一方、Cr量及びNi量が過剰になると、マルテンサイト組織が発生しやすくなる上、スケールの地鉄との密着性が高まり過ぎて、MD時のスケールの剥離性が劣化する。そこで、Cr量、Ni量はいずれも0.3%以下であるのが好ましい。より好ましいCr量、Ni量はいずれも0.25%以下であり、さらに好ましくはいずれも0.20%以下である。Cr及びNiはそれぞれ単独で添加しても良いし、併用しても良い。
Cuは、スケール剥離を促進する作用を有する元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、Cu量は0.01%以上であることが好ましい。Cu量は、より好ましくは0.05%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.07%以上である。一方、Cu量が過剰になると、スケールの剥離が過剰に促進され、圧延中にスケールが剥離してその剥離面に薄くて密着性の高い別のスケールが発生する他、線材コイルを保管・搬送する際に錆が発生する。そこで、Cu量は0.3%以下であることが好ましい。Cu量は、より好ましくは0.25%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Nb、V、Ti、Hf、及びZrは、いずれも微細な炭窒化物を形成して、高強度化に寄与する元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、Nb量、V量、Ti量、Hf量、及びZr量はいずれも、0.003%以上であることが好ましい。Nb量、V量、Ti量、Hf量、及びZr量はいずれも、より好ましくは0.007%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.01%以上である。一方、これらの元素が過剰になると、延性が劣化するため、これらの合計量は0.1%以下であることが好ましい。これら元素の合計量は、より好ましくは0.08%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.06%以下である。これらの元素は、それぞれ単独で添加しても良いし、2種以上を組み合わせて添加しても良い。
Alは、脱酸剤として有効な元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、Al量は0.001%以上であることが好ましい。Al量は、より好ましくは0.01%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.02%以上である。一方、Al量が過剰になると、Al2O3等の酸化物系介在物が多くなり、伸線加工時などに断線が多発する。そこで、Al量は0.1%以下であることが好ましい。Al量は、より好ましくは0.08%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.06%以下である。
Bは、鋼中に固溶するフリーなB(化合物を形成しないB)として存在することにより、フェライトの生成を抑制する元素であり、特に縦割れの抑制が必要な高強度線材で有効な元素である。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、B量は0.0001%以上であることが好ましい。B量は、より好ましくは0.0005%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.0009%以上である。一方、B量が過剰になると、延性が劣化する。そこでB量は、0.005%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.0040%以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.0035%以下である。
CaとMgは、いずれも介在物の形態を制御して、延性を高める作用を有する元素である。また、Caは鋼材の耐食性を高める作用も有する。このような作用を有効に発揮させるため、Ca量及びMg量はいずれも0.001%以上であることが好ましい。Ca及びMgは、いずれも0.002%以上であることがより好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.003%以上である。一方、これらの元素が過剰になると、加工性が劣化する。そこで、Ca量、Mg量は、いずれも0.01%以下であることが好ましい。Ca量、Mg量は、いずれも0.008%以下であることがより好ましく、0.005%以下であることがさらに好ましい。CaとMgはそれぞれ単独で添加しても良いし、併用しても良い。
コイルの前端、中央部、後端のそれぞれから、長さ10mmのサンプルを採取し、各々のサンプルから任意の3箇所のスケール断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した(観察倍率:5000倍)。各測定箇所について、鋼線材周方向長さ100μmで10点スケール厚さを測定して、そのスケール平均厚さを求め、3箇所の平均値を各サンプルのスケール厚さとした。さらに各サンプル(コイル前端、中央部、後端)の平均値を算出して、各試験No.のスケール厚さとした。
上記(1)と同様に、コイルの前端、中央部、後端のそれぞれから、長さ10mmのサンプルを採取し、各々のサンプルから任意の3箇所のスケール断面をSEMで観察した(測定視野:25×20μm、測定倍率:5000倍)。各測定箇所について、円相当径で1μm以下の空孔の面積率を求め、3箇所の平均値を各サンプルの微細(円相当径で1μm以下)空孔の面積率とした。さらに各サンプル(コイル前端、中央部、後端)の平均値を算出して、各試験No.の微細空孔の面積率とした。
コイルの前端、中央部、後端のそれぞれから、長さ250mmのサンプルを採取し、引張試験機で6%の変形歪を与えて、チャックから取り出した後、サンプルに風を吹きかけて鋼線材表面のスケールを吹き飛ばした。デジタルカメラによって、歪付与前後の外観を写真撮影し、画像解析で両者を比較することによって残留スケール面積率を算出した。
No.3、29、33、43、46は仕上圧延後、大気中で冷却したため微細空孔の面積率が大きくなって、MD性が劣化した。No.36は、950℃以上での高温滞在時間が短かったため、スケール厚さが薄くなり、MD性が劣化した。No.40は950℃以下の低温滞在時間が長かったため、スケール厚さが薄くなり、MD性が劣化した。No.47は、950℃以上での高温滞在時間が長すぎたため、スケール厚さが厚くなりすぎてスケールロスが増えるとともに、微細空孔の面積率が大きくなって、MD性が劣化した。
本出願は、2010年12月27日出願の日本特許出願(特願2010-290884)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (10)
- C :0.05~1.2%(質量%の意味。以下、化学成分について同じ。)、
Si:0.01~0.7%、
Mn:0.1~1.5%、
P :0.02%以下(0%を含まない)、
S :0.02%以下(0%を含まない)、
N :0.005%以下(0%を含まない)を含有し、残部が鉄及び不可避不純物である鋼線材であって、
厚さが6.0μm以上20μm以下のスケールを有し、且つ、該スケール中の円相当径1μm以下の空孔が10面積%以下であることを特徴とする鋼線材。 - 更に、Cr:0.3%以下(0%を含まない)及び/又はNi:0.3%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項1に記載の鋼線材。
- 更に、Cu:0.3%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項1または2に記載の鋼線材。
- 更に、Nb、V、Ti、Hf、及びZrよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を、合計で0.1%以下(0%を含まない)含有する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の鋼線材。
- 更に、Al:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の鋼線材。
- 更に、B:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の鋼線材。
- 更に、Ca:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)及び/又はMg:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の鋼線材。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の化学成分の鋼を、圧延終了温度1000~1100℃で熱間圧延する工程と、
熱間圧延した鋼を、非酸素媒体を接触させることで冷却する工程と、
冷却した鋼を750~950℃の巻取り温度で巻取る工程とを含み、
前記冷却する工程では、950℃以上の滞在時間が0.20~20秒、950℃以下の滞在時間が0.15秒未満となるように、熱間圧延終了温度から巻取り温度まで冷却することを特徴とする鋼線材の製造方法。 - 前記非酸素媒体は、不活性ガス又は水である請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記不活性ガスは窒素である請求項9に記載の製造方法。
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CN103700641B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-01-25 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种引线框架用钢带及其生产方法 |
KR101639922B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 기계적 스케일 박리성이 우수한 선재, 이를 이용한 강선 및 그들의 제조방법 |
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JP6733741B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-28 | 2020-08-05 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 線材およびその製造方法 |
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