WO2012077337A1 - 光信号制御装置及び光信号制御方法 - Google Patents
光信号制御装置及び光信号制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012077337A1 WO2012077337A1 PCT/JP2011/006821 JP2011006821W WO2012077337A1 WO 2012077337 A1 WO2012077337 A1 WO 2012077337A1 JP 2011006821 W JP2011006821 W JP 2011006821W WO 2012077337 A1 WO2012077337 A1 WO 2012077337A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical signal controller and an optical signal control method, and more particularly to an optical signal controller and an optical signal control method used in a communication system.
- the demand for broadband multimedia communication services is explosively increasing.
- introduction of a high-density, high-reliability, high-density, wavelength-multiplexed optical fiber communication system capable of long distance transmission in a trunk line system or a metro system is in progress.
- the spread of optical fiber access services is rapidly advancing.
- a communication system using an optical fiber is required to have a configuration that can realize small size, low power consumption, and low cost.
- the bandwidth of the element is an important factor.
- an optical element for example, an optical modulator, a light receiver, etc.
- the band is limited mainly due to the CR time constant limitation due to the influence of the element capacitance. Since these light elements utilize the interaction between light and electricity, the required voltage and the capacity of the element are determined by the electric field strength and the interaction length. Generally, if the interaction length is long, the electric field strength per unit length may be small, but the capacity of the device will be increased accordingly. Therefore, for example, in the optical modulator or the optical switch, the power consumption and the extinction characteristic and the band have a trade-off relationship. Further, in the receiver, the reception sensitivity and the band have a trade-off relationship. Therefore, in these optical devices, eclectic design has to be performed in consideration of the trade-off relationship as described above.
- Patent Document 1 a traveling wave electrode structure
- Patent Document 2 electrode division structures
- a method has been proposed in which the multi-level number is increased and the environmental load is reduced.
- a method instead of the general method of generating a complex electrical signal and converting it into an optical signal, the configuration in which the load on electrical signal processing is reduced by computing the optical signal as it is is used.
- an optical modulation capable of generating a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal by multiplexing optical signals by arranging optical waveguides for controlling the phase or amplitude of the light in parallel.
- QAM quadrature amplitude modulation
- a container Patent Document 5
- an optical modulator capable of generating a polyphase modulated signal by dividing and arranging an area for controlling the phase or amplitude of light along a propagation direction on one optical waveguide (Patent Document 6) Etc have been proposed.
- Patent Document 7 a configuration has been proposed in which a plurality of independent optical modulators are connected in series or in parallel, and phase modulation or intensity modulation is performed in each of the optical modulators. According to this configuration, delay deviations between different bits can be compensated by superimposing the modulated light on the phase axis or time axis.
- Patent Document 2 In the configuration in which the electrodes are divided in the light propagation direction, the delay of the signal is a problem, and so far, adjustment has been made with the electrical wiring length (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 variations in electrical wiring length that occur at the time of fabrication cause variations in characteristics within and between devices. In order to correct this characteristic variation, individual adjustment or synchronization of each element is required.
- the electrode layout becomes more complicated, so there is a problem that the design becomes difficult and the degree of freedom and extensibility decrease.
- the delay adjustment in these configurations is to perform time division multiplex (TDM) of the signal by controlling the time by about 1 UI, that is, several hundreds ps, or the electric wiring delay or the light propagation delay. One of them is adjusted.
- TDM time division multiplex
- time division multiplexing is effective for expansion of transmission capacity, effects such as improvement in bandwidth and reduction in voltage for reducing environmental load can not be obtained.
- an example of a configuration that can be specifically realized is not shown.
- the size of each component is on the order of hundreds of micrometers or less to reduce capacitance.
- the electrical wiring delay and the light propagation delay in this order are on the order of several ps or less.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a simple and highly scalable optical signal control apparatus and optical signal control method which can be precisely controlled from outside. To provide.
- An optical signal control apparatus includes an optical signal control unit that outputs an output light whose amplitude and phase are changed, and data that controls changes in the amplitude and phase of the carrier light. And d) a drive circuit for supplying a signal to an optical signal control unit, wherein the optical signal control unit is arranged in parallel between an optical input and an optical output, and m (m is one or more) for propagating the carrier light Integer and n optical waveguides and n optical waveguides (n is an integer of 1 or more) are formed in the optical waveguides and the m optical waveguides, and the amplitude and phase of the carrier light propagating in each of the m optical waveguides are (M ⁇ n) interaction regions which are changed according to the data signal, and the drive circuit receives the data signal from the outside and controls the phase of the received data signal to control the (m ⁇ n) interaction region.
- Each of the (m ⁇ n) phase control units is configured to output (m ⁇ n) phase control units, and each of the (m ⁇ n) phase control units propagates the inside of the optical signal control unit to the interaction area that outputs the data signal.
- the data signal is output such that the timing when the carrier light arrives and the timing when the data signal reaches the interaction area are synchronized, and one of m and n is 2 or more.
- a data signal for inputting carrier light into m (m is an integer of 1 or more) optical waveguides and controlling changes in the amplitude and phase of the carrier light is provided.
- the phase of the received data signal is controlled by (m ⁇ n) phase control units, and n (n is an integer of 1 or more) are formed in the m optical waveguides (m ⁇ n)
- the phase-controlled data signal such that the phase-controlled data signal reaches the interaction area according to the timing when the carrier light arrives at each of the interaction areas
- Carrier light output from (m ⁇ n) phase control units to the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions and whose amplitude and phase are changed by the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions is output light Output as m and either one of m and n is It is two or more.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 200 according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 300 according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing an example of the delay time of the data signal in the optical signal control apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment.
- 15 is a graph showing an example of an output waveform of the optical signal control apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a top view showing the wiring configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 400 according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration on the VIB-VIB line of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration of the VIC-VIC line of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration on the VID-VID line of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration on the VIE-VIE line of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 500 according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 600 according to a sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 700 according to a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an example of configuration of an optical matrix switch 800 according to an eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a top view showing a wiring configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 900 according to a ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration on the XIB-XIB line of FIG. 11A.
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration of the XIC-XIC line of FIG. 11A.
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing a wiring configuration of the XID-XID line of FIG. 11A. It is sectional drawing which shows the wiring structure in the XIE-XIE line
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 1000 according to a tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an example of configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 1100 according to an eleventh embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an example of configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 1200 according to Embodiment 12.
- FIG. 35 is a block diagram showing an example of configuration of an optical signal control apparatus 1300 according to a thirteenth embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a drive circuit 21.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 100 includes an optical signal control unit 11 and a drive circuit 21.
- the optical signal control unit 11 has one optical waveguide WG and n (n is an integer of 2 or more) interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1).
- the interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1) are arranged on the optical waveguide WG in order from the light input side. Each of interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1) is electrically isolated.
- the carrier light 3 is input to the light signal control unit 11.
- the carrier light 3 is introduced into the optical waveguide WG.
- the carrier light 3 introduced into the optical waveguide WG is modulated in amplitude and phase by the interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1).
- the modulated light signal is output as output light 4.
- the drive circuit 21 has n phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) and n terminators R0 to R (n-1).
- the phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) are connected to the ground through the terminators R0 to R (n-1), respectively.
- Data signals 5 and a clock signal 6 are externally supplied to the phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1).
- the phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) output data signals S0 to S (n-1) to the corresponding interaction areas IR0 to IR (n-1), respectively.
- the arrangement of the phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) and the terminators R0 to R (n-1) in the drive circuit 21 of FIG. 1 is merely an example, and the arrangement is not limited. From the viewpoint of high frequency characteristics, the terminators R0 to R (n-1) are preferably arranged near the interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1).
- the drive circuit 21 delays the data signal 5 in accordance with the clock signal 6 serving as a reference. Thereby, the drive circuit 21 independently outputs data signals having at least the number of interaction regions IR, that is, at least n timing differences. Specifically, in response to clock signal 6, phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) output data signals S0 to S (n-1) provided with a delay time to data signal 5.
- phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) are required to have phase control accuracy in the ps order.
- the phase control accuracy can be realized, for example, by complementing with a circuit including a phase interpolator, and retiming and outputting.
- the delay time given by the phase control units PC0 to PC (n-1) will be described.
- the sum of the length of the interaction region IR0 to IR (n-1) in the light propagation direction and the length of the electrically separated portion between the adjacent interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1) Let's say L.
- the propagation speed of light in the optical waveguide WG is set to Vopt.
- the arrival of the light to the kth interaction region IRk is delayed by the light propagation delay amount Dk compared to the 0th interaction region IR0.
- the light propagation delay amount Dk at this time is expressed by the following equation (1).
- Dk kL / Vopt (1)
- the present embodiment is based on the technical idea that data signals phase-adjusted in synchronization with light propagation are provided in cascade in the same bit, not between different bits.
- a configuration using an optical signal control unit having a plurality of interaction regions and a drive circuit having a ps order phase control unit is disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents. There is no mention or suggestion. Therefore, based on the descriptions of these patent documents, it is difficult for those skilled in the art to conceive of the optical signal control device according to the present embodiment.
- waveform compensation such as digital predistortion is also possible by intentionally shifting the timing of light signal control in the interaction regions IR0 to IR (n-1) with respect to light propagation.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 200 is configured of an optical signal control unit 12 and a drive circuit 22.
- the optical signal control unit 12 includes m (m is an integer of 2 or more) optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1). Interaction regions IR0 to IR (m-1) are disposed on the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1), respectively.
- the carrier light 3 is input to the light signal control unit 12.
- the carrier light 3 is introduced into the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1).
- the carrier light 3 introduced into the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) is modulated in amplitude and phase by the interaction regions IR0 to IR (m-1).
- the modulated light signal is output as output light 4.
- the drive circuit 22 has m phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) and m terminators R1 to R (m-1).
- the phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) are connected to the terminators R1 to R (m-1), respectively.
- Data signals 5 and a clock signal 6 are supplied from the outside to the phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1).
- the phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) output data signals S0 to S (m-1) to the corresponding interaction areas IR0 to IR (m-1), respectively.
- the drive circuit 22 delays the data signal 5 in accordance with the reference clock signal 6. Thereby, the drive circuit 22 independently outputs data signals having at least the number of interaction regions IR, that is, at least m timing differences. Specifically, in response to clock signal 6, phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) output data signals S0 to S (m-1) provided with a delay time to data signal 5. At this time, the phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) are required to have phase control accuracy in the ps order. This phase control accuracy can be realized by the same method as that of the first embodiment.
- the delay time given by the phase control units PC0 to PC (m-1) will be described.
- the distances from the drive circuit 22 to the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) are respectively different. Therefore, the timing at which a signal arrives from the drive circuit 22 to the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) becomes later as the distance from the drive circuit 22 increases.
- the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) are disposed at equal intervals W.
- the propagation speed of the electric signal output from the drive circuit 22 to the optical signal control unit 12 is assumed to be Vsig.
- the data signal Sp reaching the p (p is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ p ⁇ m) th interaction region IRp has an electric propagation delay compared to the data signal reaching the 0th interaction region IR0. Delay by an amount ⁇ D.
- the data signal S0 is output from the drive circuit 22 to the interaction regions IR0 to IR (m-1).
- Dq W ⁇ (m-1-q) / Vsig (3)
- the data signal S0 is output from the drive circuit 22 at the latest.
- the amount of electrical propagation delay of the data signal S0 in this case is (m-1) W / Vsig.
- the data signal S (m-1) is output earliest.
- the amount of electrical propagation delay of the data signal S (m-1) in this case is zero.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment.
- the optical signal control apparatus 300 has a configuration in which the optical signal control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment and the optical signal control apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment are combined.
- the optical signal control device 300 is configured of an optical signal control unit 13 and a drive circuit 23.
- the optical signal control unit 13 includes m (m is an integer of 1 or more) optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1).
- the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) are arranged in parallel.
- n (n is an integer of 1 or more) interaction regions IR are arranged on the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1). That is, the light signal control unit 13 has (m ⁇ n) interaction regions IR.
- the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions IR are electrically separated from one another. In FIG. 3, only two interaction regions IR are shown for each optical waveguide for simplification. Therefore, in the light signal control unit 13, (m ⁇ n) interaction areas IR are actually arranged in a matrix.
- interaction region IR be interaction region IRi_j.
- At least two electrodes for applying a potential difference or flowing an electric current are formed in the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions IR.
- One of these electrodes (m ⁇ n) needs to be electrically separated and independent, but the other may be a common electrode.
- these electrodes are formed as lumped constant type electrodes.
- both n and m do not become 1. Therefore, at least one of n and m is an integer of 2 or more.
- the optical signal control unit 13 receives the carrier light 3.
- the carrier light 3 is introduced into the optical waveguides WG1 to WG (m-1).
- the carrier light 3 introduced into the optical waveguides WG 1 to WG (m ⁇ 1) has its amplitude and phase modulated by the interaction region IR.
- the modulated light signal is output as output light 4.
- the drive circuit 23 includes (m ⁇ n) phase control units PC and (m ⁇ n) terminators R.
- the phase control unit PC connected to the interaction region IRi_j is referred to as a phase control unit PCi_j.
- a termination R connected to the phase control unit PCi_j is a termination Ri_j.
- the phase control unit PCi_j outputs the data signal Si_j to the interaction area IRi_j.
- the data signal 5 and the clock signal 6 are supplied from the outside to the phase control unit PCi_j.
- the phase control unit PCi_j gives a delay time to the data signal 5 in response to the clock signal 6. It is preferable that the drive circuit 23 can independently output delayed data signals having timing differences as many as the number of interaction regions IR, that is, (m ⁇ n). Specifically, in accordance with the clock signal 6, the phase control unit PCi_j outputs a data signal Si_j obtained by giving a delay time to the data signal 5. At this time, the phase control unit PCi_j is required to have phase control accuracy in ps order. This phase control accuracy can be realized by the same method as that of the first embodiment.
- the number of independent data signals is larger than the number (m ⁇ n) of interaction areas IR, for example, different data signals are multiplexed in one interaction area IR, or a side signal such as pre-emphasis waveform is generated. It is possible to input.
- the drive circuit 23 in order to synchronize the timing of the action in the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions with the propagation of light, the drive circuit 23 generates (m ⁇ n) for the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions IR. It outputs a delayed data signal given a delay time as it is At this time, the amount of electrical propagation delay D of the data signal Si_j supplied to the interaction region IRi_j is expressed by the following equation (3) from the equations (1) and (3).
- the optical signal control device 300 the timing of optical signal control in each interaction area can be synchronized with the propagation of light.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the delay time of the data signal in the optical signal control device 300.
- the optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) are made of InP.
- the length of the sum of the length of the electrically separated portion between each interaction region IR and the adjacent interaction region IR is 300 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 4 shows the delay of signal arrival when the drive circuit 23 simultaneously outputs a signal to each interaction region IR.
- FIG. 4 shows the delay time in the case of the inter-waveguide distances of 0 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m, with the 0th optical waveguide WG0 connected to the drive circuit 23 at the shortest distance as the inter-waveguide distance of 0 ⁇ m. .
- the horizontal axis indicates the order of the interaction regions IR.
- the arrival of the delay data signal is delayed by the electrical wiring as the drive circuit 23 is separated, and a delay of several ps occurs. Further, it can be understood that the delay time increases as the interaction area IR is farther from the light input side of the light signal control unit 13.
- the (m ⁇ n) total delay times can be controlled for (m ⁇ n) interaction regions IR arranged in a matrix.
- the optical signal control device 300 by using the drive circuit 23 having the (m ⁇ n) phase control unit PC, it is possible to realize sufficiently (m ⁇ n) control of delay times.
- the electric propagation delay amount due to the difference in the wiring length is sufficiently small on the order of 0.1 ps, so even if signals are output with the same delay time Deterioration does not imitate. Therefore, depending on the arrangement of the waveguide and the required characteristics, it is also possible to reduce the delay time parameter more than (m ⁇ n).
- the input carrier light 3 can be precisely controlled from outside by using a data signal in a programmable manner. Therefore, according to the present configuration, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the variation at the time of element fabrication and the like by the simple configuration.
- This embodiment is a technical idea that data signals phase-adjusted so as to compensate not only the delay due to the propagation of light but also the delay due to the propagation of electrical signals are cascaded within the same bit, not between different bits.
- a configuration using an optical signal control unit having a plurality of interaction regions and a drive circuit having a ps order phase control unit is disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents. There is no mention or suggestion. Therefore, based on the descriptions of these patent documents, it is difficult for those skilled in the art to conceive of the optical signal control device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of an output waveform in the optical signal control device 300.
- FIG. 5 shows the case where the bit rate is 10 Gb / s.
- Such adjustment of the delay time on the order of several ps can be realized by a drive IC including the phase interpolator shown in the first embodiment, which is actually manufactured by using a CMOS process.
- this configuration is capable of compensating not only delay deviations between different multiplexed bits but also delay deviations of the same bit, that is, a single modulation signal (digital binary: 01).
- the interaction regions IR are arranged in a matrix of (m ⁇ n), but the numbers arranged in each row and column are 1 ⁇ i ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ j ⁇ n, respectively. It may be any integer i, j satisfying. Moreover, the arrangement is also not particularly limited as to whether the i-th and the i + 1-th and the j-th and the j + 1-th are adjacent to or separated from each other.
- FIG. 6A is a top view showing the wiring configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 400 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 400 is a specific example of the optical signal control device 300 according to the third embodiment.
- the method of manufacturing the optical signal control apparatus 300 is not particularly limited. Therefore, in the configuration having a plurality of optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) arranged in parallel as in the optical signal control device 300, the wiring connecting the interaction region IR and the drive circuit 23 is another optical waveguide. Cross over the In this case, the interaction electrodes IM provided on the interaction region IR may short-circuit each other. In order to prevent this, usually, the interaction region IR or the interaction electrode IM on the interaction region IR is formed short. Alternatively, the interaction electrode IM on the interaction region IR or the interaction region IR is disposed offset. As a result, measures are taken so that the interaction electrodes IM on different interaction regions IR do not come in contact with each other. However, these techniques can not be used as the interaction region IR as the number of parallel optical waveguides increases. As a result, the interaction efficiency between light and electricity is reduced.
- the optical signal control device 400 has a configuration for preventing a decrease in interaction efficiency without shortening the interaction region.
- the optical signal control device 400 will be described below.
- the light signal control unit 14 corresponds to the light signal control unit 13 of the light signal control device 300.
- the drive circuit 24 corresponds to the drive circuit 23 of the light signal control device 300.
- the interaction electrode IM is an electrode formed on the interaction region IR of the light signal control device 300.
- the electrical wiring connecting the interaction electrode IM and the electrode pad EP is configured to straddle over the other interaction electrodes IM. For this reason, measures are taken to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes on the interaction electrode IM. Further, the electrode E24 of the drive circuit 24 and the electrode pad EP are connected by electrical wiring. In addition, the connection position in particular of interaction electrode IM and the above-mentioned electrical wiring is not restrict
- the interaction electrode IM and the electrode pad EP are connected by a linear electric wire, but this is merely an example, and the shape and the route of the electric wire are not limited. Therefore, it is needless to say that an electrical wiring having another wiring route other than the linear electrical wiring can be applied as long as the electrical propagation delay amount can be adjusted according to the path length.
- the drive circuit 24 is the same as that of the first to third embodiments, so the details are omitted and only the electrode E24 is described.
- FIG. 6B to 6E are cross-sectional views showing wiring configurations in VIB-VIB, VIC-VIC, VID-VID and VIE-VIE lines of FIG. 6A, respectively.
- the optical signal control device 400 is characterized in that the interaction electrode IM and the electrical wiring EW of the lead-out portion are formed in different layers (multilayer wiring).
- the electrode pad EP is electrically connected only to the corresponding interaction electrode IM via the electrical wiring EW of the lead-out portion.
- an optical waveguide WG including an interaction region is formed on a semiconductor substrate.
- the interaction electrode IM is formed on the upper layer of the optical waveguide WG.
- an insulating resin such as photosensitive PBO (polybenzoxazole) is applied.
- photosensitive PBO polybenzoxazole
- only the photosensitive PBO on the interaction electrode IM connected to the electrode pad EP by exposure is removed.
- electrical wiring EW it is possible to produce the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. 6B.
- this manufacturing method is merely an example and does not limit the manufacturing method of the multilayer wiring.
- each interaction area can be arranged with the same length, for example, with a certain electrical isolation area interposed therebetween.
- the optical phase modulator regions may be of different lengths.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control device 500 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 500 has a configuration in which the optical signal control unit 13 of the optical signal control device 300 according to the third embodiment is replaced with an optical signal control unit 15.
- the optical signal control unit 15 has a configuration in which optical multiplexers / demultiplexers 7a and 7b are added to the light input side and the light output side of the light signal control unit 13, respectively.
- the optical signal control unit 15 is configured with at least one set of Mach-Zehnder interferometers.
- the other configuration of the optical signal control device 500 is the same as that of the optical signal control device 300, so the description thereof is omitted.
- the carrier light 3 input to the light input side passes through the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 7 a and is demultiplexed into at least two. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the independent optical waveguides WG0 and WG1 are propagated. At this time, each of the branched carrier light 3 changes its amplitude and phase by passing through the interaction region IR. The light whose amplitude and phase are changed enters the coupler 7b from the independent optical waveguides WG0 and WG1, respectively, and the light waves are superimposed by interference. Thereafter, the superimposed light is output as the output light 4.
- the optical signal control device 500 has a configuration of a general Mach-Zehnder (MZ: Mach-Zehnder) interferometer, for example, when using the 1-input 2-output or 2-input 2-output optical multiplexers 7a and 7b. It will be.
- MZ Mach-Zehnder
- the mode, arrangement, and number of multiplexers / demultiplexers are not limited to this configuration.
- a plurality of multiplexers / demultiplexers may be arranged in parallel or in series.
- FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control device 600 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 600 is a specific example of the optical signal control device 500 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 600 has a configuration in which the number of optical waveguides of the optical signal control device 500 is limited to two.
- the optical signal controller 600 includes an MZ modulator 16 and an IC driving circuit 26.
- the MZ modulator 16 corresponds to the light signal controller 13 of the light signal controller 500.
- the IC drive circuit 25 corresponds to the drive circuit 23 of the light signal control device 500.
- the MZ modulator 16 is an electrode split type MZ modulator.
- the MZ modulator 16 has two semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1 and optical multiplexers / demultiplexers 7a and 7b.
- the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1 are single mode semiconductor optical waveguides.
- the optical multiplexers / demultiplexers 7a and 7b are 2-input / 2-output optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- Each of n waveguide type phase modulation regions WGPM is formed on the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1.
- the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM corresponds to the interaction region IR of the optical signal control device 500.
- the MZ modulator 16 has an MZ interferometer structure in which the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1 are used as a pair of delay paths.
- the carrier light 3 is input to the light input side of the MZ modulator 16, and the output light 4 is output from the light output side.
- the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1 have a structure in which light is confined and guided.
- This structure can use a core layer and a cladding layer sandwiching the core layer from above and below, which is a general structure for confining and guiding light.
- the refractive index for carrier light propagating in the core layer can be changed by application of an electric field to the core layer (not shown) or current injection. Thereby, the amplitude and the phase of the signal light (carrier light) can be changed.
- both end surfaces of the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1 are formed by cleavage.
- a horizontal taper structure spot size converter (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the cleavage end face.
- low reflection films (not shown) for desired wavelengths are formed on both cleavage facets. Therefore, light can be incident and emitted with sufficiently low coupling loss.
- n (n ⁇ 2 integers) waveguide type phase modulation regions WGPM are provided to demarcate minute sections of the semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1.
- the waveguide phase modulation regions WGPM adjacent to each other on one semiconductor optical waveguide are electrically separated. For example, by etching a conductive layer of a waveguide to form a physical groove, or by implanting an element which blocks conductivity, such as hydrogen, helium or titanium, into a semiconductor, an adjacent waveguide can be formed. Type modulation region WGPM can be electrically separated.
- the MZ modulator 16 also has terminals 161 and 162.
- the terminals 161 and 162 are used to connect the MZ modulator 16 and the IC drive circuit 26.
- the terminal 161 is electrically connected to an electrode formed on the core layer (not shown) of the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM.
- the terminal 162 is electrically connected to an electrode formed under the core layer (not shown) of the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM. It is preferable that the electrical wiring connecting the terminal 161 and the electrode formed on the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM be disposed without passing over the other waveguide phase modulation region WGPM.
- the electrical wiring connected to the electrode formed on the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM on the semiconductor optical waveguide SWG1 is electrically separated between the adjacent waveguide phase modulation regions WGPM of the semiconductor optical waveguide SWG0. It is preferable from the viewpoint of high frequency characteristics to pass over the above-mentioned area. However, this is not the case if the multilayer wiring described in the fourth embodiment is used. Furthermore, the connection position of the electrode formed on the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM and the above-described electrical wiring is not particularly limited.
- any of the above-described electrical wiring can be used for the electrode formed on the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM. It is possible to connect to the position of
- the IC drive circuit 26 is configured as a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS-IC) or a hetero junction bipolar transistor (Si-HBT) -IC. Although these ICs have low voltage amplitude, they are excellent in mass productivity, high uniformity, and high integration. On the other hand, although existing driving circuits based on III-V compound semiconductors such as GaAs and InP can operate at high speed, they have high driving voltages and are poor in mass productivity and integration. Therefore, by configuring the IC drive circuit 26 as a CMOS-IC or a SiGe-HBT-IC, miniaturization, cost reduction and power consumption can be realized as compared with existing drive circuits.
- CMOS-IC complementary metal oxide semiconductor
- Si-HBT hetero junction bipolar transistor
- the IC drive circuit 26 has terminals 261 and 262.
- the terminal 161 and the phase control unit PC are connected via the terminal 261.
- the terminal 162 and the ground side terminal of the terminator R are connected via the terminal 262.
- a voltage can be applied between the upper and lower electrodes of the core layer (not shown).
- the phase control unit PC outputs the data signal 5 to the corresponding waveguide phase modulation region WGPM in synchronization with the divided clock signal 6.
- the phase control unit PC has functions of delay control, amplitude adjustment, bias adjustment and waveform shaping, and these functions can be controlled by an external electrical signal (not shown). These functions can be realized, for example, by combining a phase interpolator circuit (PI circuit) and a D flip-flop circuit (DFF circuit).
- PI circuit phase interpolator circuit
- DFF circuit D flip-flop circuit
- a terminator R is connected between the terminal 261 and the terminal 262.
- the terminator R suppresses waveform distortion and band deterioration due to reflection of signal output.
- the impedance of the terminator R is matched with the output impedance of the phase control unit PC to be connected.
- the electrode on the divided and low-capacitance waveguide type phase modulation region WGPM can be operated as a lumped constant electrode.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control device 700 according to the seventh embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 700 is a modification of the optical signal control device 600 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 700 includes an MZ modulator 17 and an IC drive circuit 27.
- the MZ modulator 17 corresponds to the MZ modulator 16 of the light signal controller 600.
- the IC drive circuit 27 corresponds to the IC drive circuit 26 of the light signal control device 600.
- the terminal 162 connected to the lower part of the core layer of the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM is shared between the adjacent semiconductor optical waveguides SWG0 and SWG1. Thereby, the number of terminals 162 of the MZ modulator 17 is halved as compared with the MZ modulator 16.
- terminators R connected to two adjacent phase control units PC share a ground connection.
- the number of terminals 262 of the IC drive circuit 27 is reduced to half as compared with the IC drive circuit 26.
- the electrodes formed on the upper and lower portions of the core layer on the MZ modulator 16 side constitute a coplanar line formed generally in the order of ground, signal, and ground as a high frequency circuit. ing. Therefore, in the optical signal control device 600, two terminals 161 and two terminals 262 are provided for two adjacent phase control units PC.
- the optical signal control device 700 can reduce the number of terminals as compared to the optical signal control device 600. Thereby, electrode pads (terminals) and wire bonding can be reduced, and area saving can be achieved. Specifically, the optical signal control device 700 can reduce the number of electrode pads to 3/4 as compared to the optical signal control device 600.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of the optical matrix switch 800 according to the eighth embodiment.
- the optical matrix switch 800 is a modification of the optical signal control device 500 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the optical matrix switch 800 has a configuration in which the optical signal control unit 15 of the optical signal control device 500 is replaced with an optical switch unit 18.
- the optical matrix switch 800 includes an optical switch unit 18 and a drive circuit 25.
- the optical switch unit 18 corresponds to the optical signal control unit 15 of the optical signal control device 500.
- the other configuration of the optical matrix switch 800 is the same as that of the optical signal control device 500, so the description will be omitted.
- the optical switch unit 18 has a configuration in which 1 (an integer of 1 ⁇ 2) MZ modulators 114 are disposed instead of the interaction region IR of the optical signal control unit 15 and the optical multiplexers / demultiplexers 7a and 7b. .
- 1 (an integer of 1 ⁇ 2) MZ modulators 114 are optically connected to each other via the intersections of the optical waveguide WG and the optical waveguide WG.
- MZ modulator 114 may have a general structure or may be MZ modulator 16 or 17 described in the sixth and seventh embodiments, and is not particularly limited.
- the drive circuit 25 is connected to the interaction area inside each MZ modulator, changes the phase or amplitude of the input carrier light 3 and combines the signals to turn on / off the amplitude of the light in each path. Do.
- each MZ modulator 114 functions as one optical switch.
- optical switch unit 18 optical switches composed of MZ modulators are combined in series and in parallel.
- the optical switch unit 18 functions as an optical matrix switch.
- the optical switch unit 18 can configure an 8 ⁇ 8 (8 inputs, 8 outputs) optical matrix switch by connecting 128 MZ modulators.
- the existing optical matrix switch performs on / off operation by changing the phase of the input carrier light with a thin film heater.
- this method uses heat, high speed operation is not possible.
- the wiring becomes complicated, and even if a high-speed signal is input, the time difference between the electric signal and the light reaching the interaction area becomes a disjoint value depending on the position.
- a large-scale optical signal control device such as the optical matrix switch 800, it is substantially impossible to control the delay time by the existing wiring length or to provide delay circuits individually for control. It is.
- FIG. 11A is a top view showing the wiring configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 900 according to the ninth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 900 is a specific example of the optical signal control device 300 according to the third embodiment.
- the method of manufacturing the optical signal control apparatus 300 is not particularly limited. Therefore, in the configuration having a plurality of optical waveguides WG0 to WG (m-1) arranged in parallel as in the optical signal control device 300, the wiring connecting the interaction region IR and the drive circuit 23 is another optical waveguide. Cross over the In this case, the interaction electrodes IM provided on the interaction region IR may short-circuit each other. In order to prevent this, usually, the interaction region IR or the interaction electrode IM on the interaction region IR is formed short. Alternatively, the interaction electrode IM on the interaction region IR or the interaction region IR is disposed offset. As a result, measures are taken so that the interaction electrodes IM on different interaction regions IR do not come in contact with each other. However, these techniques can not be used as the interaction region IR as the number of parallel optical waveguides increases. As a result, the interaction efficiency between light and electricity is reduced.
- the optical signal control device 900 has a configuration for preventing a decrease in interaction efficiency without shortening the interaction region.
- the optical signal control apparatus 900 will be described below.
- the light signal controller 19 corresponds to the light signal controller 13 of the light signal controller 300.
- the drive circuit 29 corresponds to the drive circuit 23 of the light signal control device 300.
- the interaction electrode IM is an electrode formed on the interaction region IR of the light signal control device 300.
- the electrical wiring connecting the interaction electrode IM and the electrode pad EP is configured to straddle the other interaction electrode IM. For this reason, measures are taken to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes on the interaction electrode IM. Further, the electrode E29 of the drive circuit 29 and the electrode pad EP are connected by electrical wiring. In addition, the connection position in particular of interaction electrode IM and the above-mentioned electrical wiring is not restrict
- the interaction electrode IM and the electrode pad EP are connected by a linear electric wire, but this is merely an example, and the shape and the route of the electric wire are not limited. Therefore, it is needless to say that an electrical wiring having another wiring route other than the linear electrical wiring can be applied as long as the electrical propagation delay amount can be adjusted according to the path length.
- the drive circuit 29 is the same as the first to third embodiments, and therefore the details thereof are omitted, and only the electrode E29 is described.
- FIGS. 11B to 11E are cross-sectional views showing wiring configurations in the XIB-XIB, XIC-XIC, XID-XID and XIE-XIE lines of FIG. 11A, respectively.
- the optical signal control device 900 is characterized in that the interaction electrode IM and the electrical wiring EW of the lead-out portion are formed in different layers (multilayer wiring).
- the electrode pad EP is electrically connected only to the corresponding interaction electrode IM via the electrical wiring EW of the lead-out portion.
- an optical waveguide WG including an interaction region is formed on a semiconductor substrate.
- the interaction electrode IM is formed on the upper layer of the optical waveguide WG.
- an insulating resin such as photosensitive PBO (polybenzoxazole) is applied.
- photosensitive PBO polybenzoxazole
- only the photosensitive PBO on the interaction electrode IM connected to the electrode pad EP by exposure is removed.
- electrical wiring EW it is possible to produce the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. 11B.
- this manufacturing method is merely an example and does not limit the manufacturing method of the multilayer wiring.
- each interaction area can be arranged with the same length, for example, with a certain electrical isolation area interposed therebetween.
- the optical phase modulator regions may be of different lengths.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control apparatus 1000 according to the tenth embodiment.
- the optical signal control apparatus 1000 has a configuration in which the MZ modulator 16 of the optical signal control apparatus 600 according to the sixth embodiment is replaced with an MZ modulator 110.
- the MZ modulator 110 has a configuration in which the terminal 162 of the MZ modulator 16 is replaced with a terminal 1001.
- the terminal 1001 is used to connect the MZ modulator 110 to the IC drive circuit 26.
- the terminal 1001 is electrically connected to an electrode formed on the top surface of the MZ modulator 110.
- the terminal 1001 and the ground side terminal of the terminator R are connected via the terminal 262.
- a voltage can be applied between the terminal 161 and the terminal 1001.
- the other configuration of the optical signal control device 1000 is the same as that of the optical signal control device 600, so the description will be omitted.
- the arrangement of the terminator R is merely an example and does not limit the arrangement, but it is preferable to be arranged near the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM from the viewpoint of high frequency characteristics.
- the electrode on the divided and low-capacitance waveguide type phase modulation region WGPM can be operated as a lumped constant electrode.
- the optical signal control device 600 it becomes possible to easily arrange electrical wiring with a high degree of freedom, which can not be realized with a normal traveling wave electrode.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control apparatus 1100 according to the eleventh embodiment.
- the optical signal control apparatus 1100 has a configuration in which the MZ modulator 17 of the optical signal control apparatus 700 according to the seventh embodiment is replaced with an MZ modulator 111.
- the MZ modulator 111 has a configuration in which the terminal 162 of the MZ modulator 17 is replaced with a terminal 1101.
- the terminal 1101 is used to connect the MZ modulator 111 and the IC drive circuit 27.
- the terminal 1101 is electrically connected to an electrode formed on the top surface of the MZ modulator 111.
- the terminal 1101 and the ground side terminal of the terminator R are connected via the terminal 262.
- a voltage can be applied between the terminal 161 and the terminal 1101.
- the other configuration of the optical signal control apparatus 1100 is the same as that of the optical signal control apparatus 700, so the description will be omitted.
- the arrangement of the terminator R is merely an example and does not limit the arrangement, but it is preferable to be arranged near the waveguide phase modulation region WGPM from the viewpoint of high frequency characteristics.
- the optical signal control device 1100 can reduce the number of terminals as compared with the optical signal control devices 600 and 1000. Thereby, electrode pads (terminals) and wire bonding can be reduced, and area saving can be achieved. Specifically, the optical signal control device 700 can reduce the number of electrode pads to 3/4 as compared with the optical signal control devices 600 and 1000.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control apparatus 1200 according to the twelfth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 1200 is a modification of the optical signal control device 700 according to the seventh embodiment.
- the optical signal controller 1200 has an MZ modulator 17 and an IC drive circuit 212.
- the IC drive circuit 212 corresponds to the IC drive circuit 27 of the light signal control device 700.
- the IC drive circuit 212 includes a signal generation unit 1210, a phase control unit PC, and a differential driver amplifier DAMP.
- the signal generation unit 1210 generates a data signal S for driving the interaction region IR from the data signal 5 of at least 1 bit input from the outside.
- Each of the phase control units PC controls and outputs the phase of the data signal generated by the signal generation unit 1210 based on the clock signal 6 input from the outside.
- the data signal is input in a positive phase to one input terminal, and the data signal is input in an opposite phase to the other input terminal.
- the differential driver amplifier DAMP adjusts and outputs the voltage amplitude and the offset voltage of the data signal forming the pair of differential signals output from each of the phase control units PC.
- Each of a pair of differential signals output from the differential driver amplifier DAMP is connected to the waveguide type phase modulation area WGPM of the different arm of the MZ modulator 17 through the terminals 1201 and 1202. From the viewpoint of high frequency characteristics, it is desirable that the terminal 162 of the MZ modulator 17 be connected to the ground via the terminal 1203.
- the phase between the pair of differential outputs is determined by one phase control unit PC, it can not be adjusted independently.
- the delay due to the propagation of light does not affect.
- the pair of semiconductor optical waveguides SWG can be arranged at a distance close to each other, the influence of the delay due to the propagation of the drive electric signal due to the difference in the wiring length is sufficiently small. Therefore, the characteristics are obtained by adjusting the phase between the waveguide type phase modulation regions WGPM arranged in tandem without adjusting the phase between the differential outputs to match the light propagation delay.
- the present embodiment is advantageous for improving the signal quality in a high frequency region because the influence of the common mode noise can be eliminated by using the differential circuit.
- this configuration is advantageous because it can be applied as it is.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the optical signal control apparatus 1300 according to the thirteenth embodiment.
- the optical signal control device 1300 is a modification of the optical signal control device 1200 according to the twelfth embodiment.
- the optical signal controller 1300 has a configuration in which the MZ modulator 17 of the optical signal controller 1200 is replaced with an MZ modulator 113.
- the MZ modulator 113 has a configuration in which the terminal 162 of the MZ modulator 17 is replaced with a terminal 1301.
- the terminal 1301 is used to connect the MZ modulator 113 and the IC drive circuit 212.
- the terminal 1301 is electrically connected to an electrode formed on the top surface of the MZ modulator 113.
- the other configuration of the optical signal control device 1300 is the same as that of the optical signal control device 1200, so the description will be omitted.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the semiconductor optical waveguides according to the sixth and seventh embodiments can be configured other than semiconductors.
- optical signal control devices include, for example, an optical switch, a photodetector, a semiconductor light emitting device, an LN optical device, an organic optical device
- the invention is also applicable to other optical devices.
- the terminals 161, 162, 261 and 262 in the seventh and eighth embodiments are not limited to the above.
- the terminal 161 and the terminal 262 can be connected, and the terminal 162 and the terminal 261 can be connected.
- the optical signal control device includes a drive circuit or an IC drive circuit (hereinafter referred to as a drive unit), an optical signal control unit, and an MZ modulator.
- a drive unit an IC drive circuit
- an optical signal control unit an optical signal control unit
- an MZ modulator an MZ modulator
- the optical switch unit is disposed on the same plane and the signal is transmitted, it is not limited to this in practice. For example, it is possible to arrange in three dimensions by flip-chip mounting one of the drive unit and the control unit on the other or mounting it using an interposer substrate or the like.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of drive circuit 21.
- the drive circuit 21 includes a signal generation unit 2101, n phase control units PC, and n driver amplifiers AMP.
- the signal generation unit 2101 generates a data signal S for driving the interaction region IR from the data signal 5 of at least 1 bit input from the outside.
- Each of the n phase control units PC controls and outputs the phase of the data signal generated by the signal generation unit 2101 based on the clock signal 6 input from the outside.
- the n driver amplifiers AMP adjust the voltage amplitudes and offset voltages of the data signals output from the n phase control units PC, and output the adjusted data signals as data signals S0 to S (n-1).
- the arrangement of the terminator R shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and it is desirable to be arranged near the interaction region IR. That is, the terminator R is not an essential component of the drive circuit 21. Therefore, the terminator R is not shown in FIG. However, since it is an essential component to operate the optical signal control device according to the above-described embodiment, the inside of the drive circuit 21, or the inside of the optical signal control unit 11, or the drive circuit 21 and the optical signal It is separately added to the outside of the control unit 11, and may be disposed at an optimum position in consideration of the size of the element and the mounting state.
- the drive circuit and the IC drive circuit can be configured using the signal generation unit, the phase control unit PC, and the driver amplifier AMP as in the drive circuit shown in FIG. is there.
- An optical signal control unit that outputs output light in which the amplitude and phase of the input carrier light are changed, and a data signal that controls changes in the amplitude and phase of the carrier light are supplied to the optical signal control unit.
- a driving circuit the optical signal control unit being arranged in parallel between an optical input and an optical output, and transmitting m (m is an integer of 1 or more) optical waveguides for propagating the carrier light, and n (n is an integer of 1 or more) are formed in m optical waveguides, and the amplitude and phase of the carrier light propagating through each of the m optical waveguides are changed according to the data signal (m .Times.n interaction areas, the drive circuit externally receives the data signal, controls the phase of the received data signal, and each of the (m.times.n) interaction areas Phase control to output to And each of the (m ⁇ n) phase controllers has a timing at which the carrier light propagating in the optical signal controller reaches the interaction area for outputting the data signal
- Each of the (m ⁇ n) phase control units outputs the data signal at a later timing as the interaction area outputting the data signal is farther from the light input side of the light signal control unit.
- the optical signal control apparatus according to any one of appendices 1 and 2, characterized in that:
- Each of the (m ⁇ n) phase control units outputs the data signal at a later timing as the interaction area outputting the data signal is closer to the drive circuit.
- the optical signal control device according to any one of appendices 1 to 3.
- the optical signal control unit includes a first optical multiplexer / demultiplexer provided on the optical input side of any two optical waveguides of the m optical waveguides, and the two optical waveguides.
- a second optical multiplexer / demultiplexer provided on the light output side of the optical waveguide, and the two optical waveguides and the first and second multiplexers / demultiplexers constitute a pair of Mach-Zehnder interferometers
- the optical signal control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
- the optical signal control unit includes: a first electrode formed on an upper portion of a core layer in a first interaction region of the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions; A second electrode formed under the core layer in the interaction region, a first terminal connected to the first electrode, and a second terminal connected to the second electrode; Supplementary note 1 to 5, further characterized in that the data signal is supplied to one of the first terminal and the second terminal, and the other is connected to the ground.
- Light signal controller is
- the first electrode and the first terminal are connected by an electrical wiring, and each of the first interaction region, the first electrode, and the electrical wiring is in different layers or adjacent to each other.
- the electric wiring and the interaction area other than the first interaction area are electrically separated by being formed on the electrically isolated area between the one electrodes.
- the first electrode and the second electrode formed in each of the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions are lumped constant electrodes, Supplementary note 6 or 7, The optical signal control device according to claim 1.
- the drive circuit includes: a third terminal connected to a first phase control unit of the (m ⁇ n) number of phase control units; and the first terminal; A fourth terminal connected to the phase control unit of 1 and the second terminal, one end is connected to the first phase control unit, and the other end is connected to the fourth terminal and the ground.
- the optical signal control device according to any one of appendices 6 to 8, further comprising a first terminator.
- the drive circuit includes: a third terminal connected to a first phase control unit of the (m ⁇ n) number of phase control units; and the second terminal; A fourth terminal connected to the first phase control unit and the first terminal; and one end connected to the first phase control unit; and the other end connected to the fourth terminal and the ground.
- the optical signal control device according to any one of appendices 6 to 8, further comprising a first terminator.
- a sixth terminal connected to the second phase control unit and the fifth terminal, and one end connected to the fourth terminal and the other end connected to the sixth terminal The optical signal control device according to any one of appendices 9 or 10, further comprising:
- the optical signal control unit includes l (l is an integer of 2 or more) optical multiplexers / demultiplexers, and each of the l optical multiplexers / demultiplexers includes the m optical waveguides.
- the optical signal control device according to any one of appendices 1 to 12, which is provided between the interaction regions formed in any two optical waveguides.
- (m ⁇ n is an integer of 1 or more) optical carrier waveguides to input carrier light, and control the change of the amplitude and phase of the carrier light by (m ⁇ n) phase control And controlling the phase of the received data signal, and for each of (m ⁇ n) interaction regions formed n (n is an integer of 1 or more) in the m optical waveguides.
- the (m ⁇ n) pieces of phase control are performed on the phase-controlled data signals such that the phase-controlled data signals arrive at the interaction area in accordance with the arrival time of the carrier light.
- the carrier light having an amplitude and a phase changed by the (m ⁇ n) interaction regions, and outputs as the output light, either m or n.
- Optical signal control method Law Optical signal control method Law.
- An optical switch unit that outputs output light by changing the amplitude and phase of the input carrier light, and a drive circuit that supplies a data signal that controls the operation of the optical signal control unit,
- the optical switch unit is disposed in parallel between the optical input and the optical output, and propagates the m (m is an integer of 1 or more) optical waveguides for propagating the carrier light and the m optical waveguides.
- the drive circuit receives a data signal for controlling the action of the (m ⁇ n) interaction areas, and outputs the received data signal to each of the (m ⁇ n) interaction areas ( (m ⁇ n) phase control units, each of the (m ⁇ n) phase control units Each outputs the data signal such that the timing at which the carrier light propagates to the interaction area that outputs the data signal and the timing at which the data signal reaches the interaction area are synchronized.
- Any one of m and n is 2 or more, and each of the l optical multiplexers / demultiplexers is the interaction region formed in any two of the m optical waveguides.
- An optical matrix switch characterized by being provided between.
- the present invention can be applied to, for example, digital control light circuits, light modulators using digital control light circuits, light switches, light receivers, and the like. Further, this digital control light circuit is applicable to, for example, a semiconductor light emitting device, an LN optical device, an organic optical device, and the like.
Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図1は、実施の形態1にかかる光信号制御装置100の構成を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置100は、光信号制御部11及び駆動回路21によって構成される。
Dk=kL/Vopt ・・・(1)
次に、本発明の実施の形態2について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図2は、実施の形態2にかかる光信号制御装置200の構成を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置200は、光信号制御部12及び駆動回路22によって構成される。
ΔD=W×p/Vsig ・・・(2)
Dq=W×(m-1-q)/Vsig ・・・(3)
次に、本発明の実施の形態3について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図3は、実施の形態3にかかる光信号制御装置300の構成を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置300は、実施の形態1にかかる光信号制御装置100と実施の形態2にかかる光信号制御装置200とを組み合わせた構成を有している。光信号制御装置300は、光信号制御部13及び駆動回路23によって構成される。
D=Di+Dj=jL/Vopt+(m-1-i)W/Vsig
・・・(4)
本発明の実施の形態4について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図6Aは、実施の形態4にかかる光信号制御装置400の配線構成を示す上面図である。光信号制御装置400は、実施の形態3にかかる光信号制御装置300の具体例である。
次に、本発明の実施の形態5にかかる光信号制御装置500について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図7は、実施の形態5にかかる光信号制御装置500の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置500は、実施の形態3にかかる光信号制御装置300の光信号制御部13を光信号制御部15に置換した構成を有する。光信号制御部15は、光信号制御部13の光入力側及び光出力側に、それぞれ光合分波器7a及び7bを追加した構成を有する。これにより、光信号制御部15には、少なくとも1組のマッハツェンダ型干渉計が構成される。光信号制御装置500のその他の構成は、光信号制御装置300と同様であるので説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態6にかかる光信号制御装置600について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図8は、実施の形態6にかかる光信号制御装置600の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置600は、実施の形態5にかかる光信号制御装置500の具体例である。光信号制御装置600は、光信号制御装置500の光導波路を2本に限定した構成を有している。光信号制御装置600は、MZ変調器16及びIC駆動回路26を有する。MZ変調器16は、光信号制御装置500の光信号制御部13に相当する。IC駆動回路25は、光信号制御装置500の駆動回路23に相当する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態7にかかる光信号制御装置700について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図9は、実施の形態7にかかる光信号制御装置700の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置700は、実施の形態6にかかる光信号制御装置600の変形例である。光信号制御装置700は、MZ変調器17及びIC駆動回路27を有する。MZ変調器17は、光信号制御装置600のMZ変調器16に対応する。IC駆動回路27は、光信号制御装置600のIC駆動回路26に対応する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態8にかかる光マトリックススイッチ800について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図10は、実施の形態8にかかる光マトリックススイッチ800の構成例を示す構成図である。光マトリックススイッチ800は、実施の形態5にかかる光信号制御装置500の変形例である。光マトリックススイッチ800は、光信号制御装置500の光信号制御部15を、光スイッチ部18に置換した構成を有する。光マトリックススイッチ800は、光スイッチ部18及び駆動回路25を有する。光スイッチ部18は、光信号制御装置500の光信号制御部15に相当する。光マトリックススイッチ800のその他の構成は、光信号制御装置500と同様であるので、説明を省略する。
本発明の実施の形態9について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図11Aは、実施の形態9にかかる光信号制御装置900の配線構成を示す上面図である。光信号制御装置900は、実施の形態3にかかる光信号制御装置300の具体例である。
次に、本発明の実施の形態10にかかる光信号制御装置1000について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図12は、実施の形態10にかかる光信号制御装置1000の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置1000は、実施の形態6にかかる光信号制御装置600のMZ変調器16をMZ変調器110に置換した構成を有する。MZ変調器110は、MZ変調器16の端子162を端子1001に置換した構成を有する。
次に、本発明の実施の形態11にかかる光信号制御装置1100について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図13は、実施の形態11にかかる光信号制御装置1100の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置1100は、実施の形態7にかかる光信号制御装置700のMZ変調器17をMZ変調器111に置換した構成を有する。MZ変調器111は、MZ変調器17の端子162を端子1101に置換した構成を有する。
次に本発明の実施の形態12にかかる光信号制御装置1200について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図14は、実施の形態12にかかる光信号制御装置1200の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置1200は、実施の形態7にかかる光信号制御装置700の変形例である。光信号制御装置1200は、MZ変調器17及びIC駆動回路212を有する。IC駆動回路212は、光信号制御装置700のIC駆動回路27に対応する。IC駆動回路212は、信号生成部1210、位相制御部PC及び差動ドライバアンプDAMPを有する。
次に本発明の実施の形態13にかかる光信号制御装置1300について、具体的な構成例を示して説明する。図15は、実施の形態13にかかる光信号制御装置1300の構成例を示す構成図である。光信号制御装置1300は、実施の形態12にかかる光信号制御装置1200の変形例である。光信号制御装置1300は、光信号制御装置1200のMZ変調器17をMZ変調器113に置換した構成を有する。MZ変調器113は、MZ変調器17の端子162を端子1301に置換した構成を有する。
4 出力光
5 データ信号
6 クロック信号
7a、7b、8 光合分波器
11~15、19 光信号制御部
16、17、110、111、113、114 MZ変調器
18 光スイッチ部
21~25、29 駆動回路
26、27、212 IC駆動回路
100、200、300、400、500、600、700、900、1000、1100、1200、1300 光信号制御装置
800 光マトリックススイッチ
161、162、261、262、1001、1101、1201~1203、1301 端子
1210、2101 信号生成部
AMP ドライバアンプ
DAMP 差動ドライバアンプ
E24、E29 電極
EP 電極パッド
EW 電気配線
IM 相互作用電極
IR 相互作用領域
PC 位相制御部
WGPM 導波路型位相変調領域
R 終端器
S データ信号
SWG0、62 半導体光導波路
WG 光導波路
Claims (10)
- 入力されるキャリア光の振幅及び位相を変化させた出力光を出力する光信号制御部と、
前記キャリア光の振幅及び位相の変化を制御するデータ信号を光信号制御部へ供給する駆動回路と、を備え、
前記光信号制御手段は、
光入力と光出力との間に並列配置され、前記キャリア光を伝搬させるm(mは、1以上の整数)本の光導波路と、
前記m本の光導波路にn個(nは、1以上の整数)ずつ形成され、前記m本の光導波路のそれぞれを伝搬する前記キャリア光の振幅及び位相を前記データ信号に応じて変化させる(m×n)個の相互作用領域と、を備え、
前記駆動回路は、
外部から前記データ信号を受け取り、受け取った前記データ信号の位相を制御して前記(m×n)個の相互作用領域のそれぞれに出力する(m×n)個の位相制御手段を備え、
前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段のそれぞれは、前記データ信号を出力する前記相互作用領域に当該光信号制御手段内を伝搬する前記キャリア光が到達するタイミングと、前記データ信号が当該相互作用領域に到達するタイミングと、が同期するように前記データ信号を出力し、
m及びnのいずれか一方は2以上である、
光信号制御装置。 - 前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段は、前記データ信号を、それぞれ異なるタイミングで出力することを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段のそれぞれは、前記データ信号を出力する前記相互作用領域が前記光信号制御手段の光入力側から遠いほど、遅いタイミングで前記データ信号を出力することを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段のそれぞれは、前記データ信号を出力する前記相互作用領域が当該駆動回路に近いほど、遅いタイミングで前記データ信号を出力することを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記光信号制御手段は、
前記m本の光導波路のうち、いずれか2本の光導波路の光入力側に設けられた第1の光合分波器と、
前記2本の光導波路の光出力側に設けられた第2の光合分波器と、を更に備え、
前記2本の光導波路、前記第1及び第2の合分波器は、1組のマッハツェンダ型干渉計を構成することを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記光信号制御手段は、
前記(m×n)個の相互作用領域のうちの第1の相互作用領域のコア層の上部に形成された第1の電極と、
前記第1の相互作用領域の前記コア層の下部に形成された第2の電極と、
前記第1の電極と接続される第1の端子と、
前記第2の電極と接続される第2の端子と、を更に備え、
前記第1の端子及び前記第2の端子のいずれか一方に前記データ信号が供給され、他方がグランドと接続されることを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記第1の電極と前記第1の端子とは電気配線により接続され、
前記第1の相互作用領域、前記第1の電極及び前記電気配線のそれぞれは、異なる層又は隣接する第一の電極間の電気的に分離された領域上に形成されることにより、前記電気配線と前記第1の相互作用領域以外の相互作用領域とが電気的に分離されていることを特徴とする、
請求項6に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記(m×n)個の相互作用領域のそれぞれに形成された前記第1の電極及び前記第2の電極は、集中定数型電極であることを特徴とする、
請求項6又は7に記載の光信号制御装置。 - 前記駆動回路は、
前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段のうちの第1の位相制御手段と、前記第1の端子と、に接続される第3の端子と、
前記第1の位相制御手段と前記第2の端子とに設続される第4の端子と、
一端が前記第1の位相制御手段と接続され、他端が前記第4の端子及びグランドと接続される第1の終端器と、を更に備えることを特徴とする、
請求項6乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の光信号制御装置。 - m(mは、1以上の整数)本の光導波路にキャリア光を入力し、
前記キャリア光の振幅及び位相の変化を制御するデータ信号を、(m×n)個の位相制御手段により受け取り、受け取った前記データ信号の位相を制御し、
前記m本の光導波路にn個(nは、1以上の整数)ずつ形成された(m×n)個の相互作用領域のそれぞれに前記キャリア光が到達するタイミングに合わせて位相が制御された前記データ信号が当該相互作用領域に到達するように、前記位相が制御された前記データ信号を、前記(m×n)個の位相制御手段から前記(m×n)個の相互作用領域へ出力し、
前記(m×n)個の相互作用領域により振幅及び位相が変化したキャリア光を、出力光として出力し、
m及びnのいずれか一方は2以上である、
光信号制御方法。
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