WO2012067167A1 - 交流-交流変換装置 - Google Patents
交流-交流変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012067167A1 WO2012067167A1 PCT/JP2011/076452 JP2011076452W WO2012067167A1 WO 2012067167 A1 WO2012067167 A1 WO 2012067167A1 JP 2011076452 W JP2011076452 W JP 2011076452W WO 2012067167 A1 WO2012067167 A1 WO 2012067167A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
- H02J9/063—Common neutral, e.g. AC input neutral line connected to AC output neutral line and DC middle point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement in the efficiency of an uninterruptible power supply that compensates for fluctuations in AC voltage or power outages and supplies a stable voltage to a load.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration example of an AC-AC converter described in Patent Document 1 shown below.
- 1 and 2 are filter capacitors
- 3 and 4 are reactors
- 5 to 8 are IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) connected in reverse parallel, which can control on / off of forward current and reverse current.
- And 9 and 10 are smoothing capacitors.
- the reactor 3 is connected between the series connection point of the IGBTs 5 and 6 and the one end of the AC input of the parallel connection circuit of the series connection circuit of the IGBTs 5 and 6 and the series connection circuit of the capacitors 9 and 10, and the series connection point of the capacitors 9 and 10.
- the circuit configuration for connecting the other ends of the AC inputs to each other is well known as a high power factor rectifier circuit with a half-bridge configuration.
- a DC voltage higher than the peak value of the AC input voltage can be obtained. It is made to function as a boost type AC-DC conversion circuit to be obtained.
- the reactor 4 is connected in series between the series connection point of the IGBTs 7 and 8 and one end of the AC output of the parallel connection circuit of the series connection circuit of the IGBTs 7 and 8 and the series connection circuit of the capacitors 9 and 10.
- a circuit configuration in which the other end of the AC output is connected to the connection point and the capacitor 2 is connected between the AC outputs U and V is well known as an inverse conversion circuit (inverter) having a half-bridge configuration.
- the IGBTs 7 and 8 are switched to function as a DC-AC conversion circuit that obtains a sinusoidal AC voltage from a DC voltage.
- the AC-AC converter shown in FIG. 1 compensates for fluctuations in the voltage of the AC input and supplies constant voltage to the load, or supplies DC power to the capacitors 9 and 10 from power storage means (not shown) in the event of AC input power failure. It is used for applications that supply uninterrupted power to the load.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is connected between the series connection point of the IGBTs 5 and 6 and the series connection point of the IGBTs 7 and 8, but the operation when the bidirectional switch 11 is not connected first will be described below. .
- the first operation is an operation in which the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on to bypass the current when the IGBTs 5 and 7 are turned on simultaneously or the IGBTs 6 and 8 are turned on simultaneously.
- the second operation is an operation in which the switching operation of the IGBTs 5 to 8 is stopped and turned off and the bidirectional switch 11 is continuously turned on when the fluctuation of the input voltage is within the range allowed by the load.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is the only semiconductor element on the current path from the AC input to the AC output, and the loss is reduced.
- Direct transmission of AC input voltage to AC output when the AC input voltage is within the allowable value of the load connected to the AC output (hereinafter referred to as the specified value) is common for uninterruptible power supply devices of commercial power supply system etc. It is a technique that has been carried out.
- the specified value the allowable value of the load connected to the AC output
- the normal operation can be resumed with a delay of about a switching cycle (usually several 10 ⁇ s) of the semiconductor element. Since the disturbance in the meantime is removed by a filter composed of capacitors 1 and 2 and reactors 3 and 4, there is an advantage that no disturbance occurs in the output unlike the commercial power supply system.
- FIG. 2 shows two reverse blocking IGBTs TRRB1 and RB2 connected in reverse parallel with a reverse polarity voltage having a breakdown voltage equivalent to the forward polarity.
- FIG. 2B shows a circuit in which diodes D1 and D2 are connected in series to normal IGBTs Q1 and Q2 that do not have reverse breakdown voltage, and are further connected in reverse parallel.
- FIG. 2 (c) shows an IGBT Q1 in which the diode D1 is connected in reverse parallel and an IGBT Q2 in which the diode D2 is connected in reverse parallel are connected in reverse series.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an AC-AC converter that can reduce switching loss and can be reduced in size by reducing reactor loss in order to solve the above-described problems.
- the first invention comprises a forward converter that converts alternating current to direct current by the switching operation of the semiconductor switch, and an inverse converter that converts direct current to alternating current by the switching operation of the semiconductor switch.
- a series of first semiconductor switches in which semiconductor switches having diodes connected in antiparallel are connected in series.
- a circuit a second semiconductor switch series circuit in which semiconductor switches each having a diode connected in antiparallel are connected in series, and a capacitor series circuit in which capacitors are connected in series are connected in parallel, and one end of an AC input and the first semiconductor
- a first reactor is connected between a series connection point inside the switch series circuit and one end of the AC input and the second A bidirectional switch between the series connection point inside the semiconductor switch series circuit, a second reactor between the series connection point inside the second semiconductor switch series circuit and one end of the AC output, and the capacitor series circuit
- An internal series connection point is connected to the other end of the AC input and the other end of the AC output.
- the semiconductor switches of the first semiconductor switch series circuit and the second semiconductor switch series circuit are turned off in accordance with the voltage value of the AC input, and the bidirectional A first control mode for turning on the switch is provided.
- a second control mode for alternately turning on and off the semiconductor switch and the bidirectional switch of the second semiconductor switch series circuit according to the voltage value of the AC input is provided.
- a third control mode according to the first invention, wherein the bidirectional switch is turned off and the semiconductor switch of the second semiconductor switch series circuit is turned on / off according to the voltage value of the AC input.
- an element in which the voltage when the bidirectional switch element in the first to fourth aspects is on is smaller than the voltage when the element of the first and second semiconductor switch series circuits is on. Use.
- the forward converter includes a forward converter that converts alternating current to direct current by a switching operation of the semiconductor switch, and an inverse converter that converts direct current to alternating current by the switching operation of the semiconductor switch.
- a forward converter that converts alternating current to direct current by a switching operation of the semiconductor switch
- an inverse converter that converts direct current to alternating current by the switching operation of the semiconductor switch.
- a first semiconductor switch series circuit in which semiconductor switches each having diodes connected in antiparallel are connected in series, and diodes are antiparallel
- a second semiconductor switch series circuit in which connected semiconductor switches are connected in series and a capacitor series circuit in which capacitors are connected in series are connected in parallel, and one end of an AC input and a series connection point inside the first semiconductor switch series circuit Between the one end of the AC input and the second semiconductor switch in series.
- a second reactor between a series connection point inside the second semiconductor switch series circuit and one end of the AC output, a series connection point inside the capacitor series circuit, the other end of the AC input, and the AC output. The other end of each is connected.
- the seventh invention includes a control mode in which the first bidirectional switch and the second bidirectional switch in the sixth invention are alternately turned on and off to obtain an AC output voltage lower than the AC input voltage.
- the present invention includes a bidirectional switch for connecting the AC input directly to the output of the inverse converter (before the filter reactor) when the AC input voltage is within the specified range.
- the loss of the reactor of the rectifier can be suppressed sufficiently small.
- the switching loss can be made smaller than that of the conventional circuit.
- the reactor sizes of both the rectifier and the inverter can be reduced.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a waveform example during the boosting operation of FIG. 4. It is a figure which shows the example of a waveform at the time of the pressure
- the bidirectional switch and the semiconductor switch of the inverse conversion circuit are alternately turned on and off to increase or decrease the AC input voltage within a specified range.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing examples of operation waveforms.
- an AC-DC conversion / DC-AC conversion circuit constituted by a semiconductor includes a first IGBT series circuit in which IGBTs 5 and 6 are connected in antiparallel, and an IGBT 7 in which diodes are connected in antiparallel. And a second IGBT series circuit in which 8 and 8 are connected in series and a capacitor series circuit in which capacitors 9 and 10 are connected in series are connected in parallel.
- a reactor 3 is provided between one end Ui of the AC input and a series connection point inside the first IGBT series circuit, and a bidirectional switch 11 is provided between one end Ui of the AC input and a series connection point inside the second IGBT series circuit.
- the reactor 4 is connected between the series connection point inside the second IGBT series circuit and the one end U of the AC output.
- the series connection point inside the capacitor series circuit is connected to the other end Vi of the AC input and the other end V of the AC output.
- a filter capacitor 1 is connected between the AC inputs Ui and Vi, and a filter capacitor 2 is connected between the AC outputs U and V.
- the operation mode 1 when the AC input voltage is within the allowable range of the load connected to the AC output, the operation mode 2 when the AC input voltage is lower than the allowable range of the load, and the AC input voltage is the load
- an operation mode 3 when it is higher than the allowable range.
- the operation mode 1 will be described.
- a certain amount for example, ⁇ 10% of input power supply voltage fluctuation is allowed. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the input voltage is within this range, this apparatus does not require a control operation for keeping the output voltage constant.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on and the IGBTs 7 and 8 are turned off to directly output an AC input.
- the bidirectional switch 11, the IGBTs 7 and 8 do not generate a switching loss.
- the IGBTs 5 and 6 perform a rectifying operation to keep the voltages of the capacitors 9 and 10 at a predetermined value E in preparation for a compensation operation described later.
- the capacitors 9 and 10 supply power corresponding to a leakage current once charged. Therefore, the passing current is extremely small and the loss can be ignored. Similarly, the loss associated with the passage of current through the reactor 3 is very small, and the loss is smaller than in the conventional example.
- this operation state is referred to as a direct delivery mode.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an operation waveform when the input voltage is lower than a specified value, for example, ⁇ 20%.
- a specified value for example, ⁇ 20%.
- the IGBT 7 and the bidirectional switch 11 when the output voltage polarity is positive, the IGBT 7 and the bidirectional switch 11 are alternately turned on and off, and when the output voltage polarity is negative, the IGBT 8 and the bidirectional switch 11 are alternately turned on and off.
- the ratio ⁇ when the IGBTs 7 and 8 are turned on is determined by the following.
- ⁇ is the phase (electrical angle) at each time.
- v1 V1 ⁇ sin ⁇ Equation (2)
- FIG. 6 shows a method for determining on / off of the IGBTs 7 and 8 from the ⁇ command value obtained by the equation (5) using a triangular wave comparison method well known to those skilled in the art.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is on.
- the voltage between U1 and V changes between + E and -E. Therefore, the voltage change width of the semiconductor switch accompanying switching is 2E. It is.
- the voltage change width is E ⁇
- this operating state is referred to as a boost mode.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing operation waveforms when the input voltage exceeds a specified value, for example, + 20%.
- a specified value for example, + 20%.
- the IGBT 8 and the bidirectional switch 11 are alternately turned on and off, and when the output voltage polarity is negative, the IGBT 7 and the bidirectional switch 11 are alternately turned on and off.
- the ratio ⁇ when the IGBTs 7 and 8 are turned on is determined as follows.
- the U1-V voltage is ⁇ E when the IGBT 8 is on, and v1 when the bidirectional switch 11 is on, so the average value of one switching cycle vu is obtained by the following equation (6).
- FIG. 7 shows a method for determining on / off of the IGBTs 7 and 8 from the ⁇ command value obtained by the equation (8) using a triangular wave comparison method well known to those skilled in the art as in FIG.
- a triangular wave comparison method well known to those skilled in the art as in FIG.
- - ⁇ is used for the signal wave.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is assumed to be on.
- the voltage change width of the semiconductor switch due to switching is E +
- the switching loss becomes small.
- this state is referred to as a step-down mode.
- the inverter supplies a part of the power from the DC circuit, and in the step-down mode, the inverter absorbs a part of the power in the DC circuit.
- This power is supplied or regenerated by a rectifier. This eliminates the need for the rectifier to pass 100% of the load power, and the ratings of the reactor 3, IGBT5, and 6 constituting the rectifier are much higher than those of the reactor 4 and IGBT7 and 8 constituting the inverter. The rating can be reduced.
- the reactor reactor 4 can be miniaturized. The reason is as follows. In contrast to a normal inverter, the voltage change width is extremely small in FIG. 6, and the pulse width is extremely small in FIG.
- the reactor ripple current is proportional to the voltage change width x pulse width and inversely proportional to the inductance. Therefore, if the inductance is the same, the loss (mainly iron loss) caused by the ripple current will be small, and if the ripple current is the same, This is because the inductance value can be reduced.
- this device When this device is used as an uninterruptible power supply device, a power storage device is connected to the direct current section, and when the input deviates from the range that can be compensated, the bidirectional switch 11 is turned off. The same operation as that of the inverter is performed. In this case, the ripple current of the reactor reactor 4 becomes larger than usual, and the loss accompanying it increases.
- the power failure compensation time of an uninterruptible power supply is generally within 10 minutes, while the thermal time constant of a reactor is several tens of minutes to several hours. Therefore, the problem of excessive temperature is easily avoided even when the reactor is designed to be small.
- the loss of this device is the smallest in the direct delivery mode, followed by the step-up mode and the step-down mode.
- the total power loss is affected by the ratio of each mode.
- the loss reduction effect is small, but it is rare that only the step-down mode continues in actual operation.
- the transition from the direct transmission mode to the step-up or step-down mode is performed in a short time within one switching cycle, and an LC filter exists between the switching point and the load. It is possible to avoid disturbance due to mode switching appearing in the output.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
- Example 2 is intended to reduce switching loss in the step-down mode, and includes a bidirectional semiconductor switch 12 between U1 and V.
- the operation principle is shown in FIG.
- the bidirectional switches 11 and 12 are turned on and off alternately.
- This configuration is an AC chopper circuit.
- the bidirectional switch 11 When the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on, the voltage between U1 and V becomes equal to the input voltage, and when the bidirectional switch 12 is turned on, it becomes 0V.
- the time ratio when the bidirectional switch 11 is turned on is set to a constant value of 0.9 regardless of the phase, the output voltage becomes 0.9 times the input voltage.
- the voltage change width is equal to the input voltage instantaneous value.
- the bidirectional switch 11 is always turned on in the direct transmission mode, and the conduction rate of the bidirectional switch 11 is the highest in the step-up mode or the step-down mode.
- the efficiency can be improved at a minimum cost.
- the bidirectional switch shown in FIG. 3 has a configuration different from that shown in FIG.
- MOSFETs Metal / Oxide / Semiconductor / Field / Effect / Transistors
- IGBTs IGBTs
- MOSFETs have resistance characteristics in which the current and forward voltage drop are proportional, so theoretically, increasing the number of parallels can make the forward voltage drop as close to zero as possible.
- a voltage is applied to the gate, it conducts in the reverse direction, so that the forward voltage drop can be made smaller than that of the parallel diode depending on conditions.
- MOSFETs using SiC Silicon Carbide
- SiC Silicon Carbide
- the forward voltage drop is further reduced, and the conduction loss can be reduced.
- the MOSFET using SiC is more expensive than the conventional MOSFET, it can be used for the bidirectional switch only for the above-mentioned reason, and a large loss reduction effect can be obtained with a minimum cost increase.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and shows an application example to a three-phase circuit.
- This three-phase circuit is an example in which the circuit of the first embodiment described with reference to FIG.
- the series connection point inside the capacitor series circuit of the circuit of FIG. 4 is the neutral point potential of the three-phase circuit, and is common to the three circuits.
- the forward conversion circuit unit and the inverse conversion circuit unit are connected in parallel with the capacitor series circuit (45, 46) for three circuits.
- a series circuit of IGBTs 33 and 39, a series circuit of IGBTs 34 and 40, and a series circuit of IGBTs 35 and 41 are connected in parallel with a series circuit of capacitors 45 and 46.
- a series circuit of IGBTs 36 and 42, a series circuit of IGBTs 37 and 43, and a series circuit of IGBTs 38 and 44 are connected in parallel with the series circuit of capacitors 45 and 46.
- the connection positions of the reactors 27 to 32 and the connection positions of the bidirectional switches 47 to 49 are the same as in the first embodiment. Since the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- This is an embodiment in which a three-phase circuit is configured by using two circuits of the first embodiment described in FIG. 5 is a so-called V-connection conversion circuit in which a series connection point inside the capacitor series circuit of the circuit of FIG. Two switching circuits are connected in parallel to the capacitor series circuit in each of the forward conversion circuit unit and the reverse conversion circuit unit.
- a series circuit of IGBTs 33 and 39 and a series circuit of IGBTs 35 and 41 are connected in parallel with a series circuit of capacitors 45 and 46.
- a series circuit of IGBTs 36 and 42 and a series circuit of IGBTs 38 and 44 are connected in parallel with a series circuit of capacitors 45 and 46.
- the connection positions of the reactors 27, 29, 30, 32 and the connection positions of the bidirectional switches 47, 49 are the same as in the first embodiment. Since the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the present invention is a configuration for converting an AC input voltage into a stabilized AC output voltage using a forward conversion circuit and an inverse conversion circuit, and includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an AC stabilized power supply (AVR). : Automatic Voltage Regulator) and AC power regulator (APR: AC Power Regulator).
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- AVR AC stabilized power supply
- APR AC Power Regulator
Abstract
Description
IGBT6をオンすると電流経路は、入力端子の一端Ui→リアクトル3→IGBT6→コンデンサ10→入力端子の他端Viの経路となりリアクトル3にエネルギーが蓄積される。IGBT6をオフすると電流経路は、入力端子の一端Ui→リアクトル3→IGBT5の逆並列接続されたダイオード→コンデンサ9→入力端子の他端Viの経路で、リアクトル3のエネルギーがコンデンサ9に放出される。この動作においては、電流経路上に半導体素子が1個存在する。
以上の動作においては、電流が交流入力から交流出力に達するまでに、2個の半導体素子を通過する。
交流入力電圧瞬時値v1を
v1=V1・sinθ ・・・式(1)
とする。ここでθは各時刻の位相(電気角)である。
一方、所望の交流出力電圧瞬時値v2を
v2=V2・sinθ ・・・式(2)
とする。
ここでリアクトル4による電圧降下が小さく、交流出力電圧は概ねvuに等しいとすれば、式(1)、式(2)、式(3)より
V2・sinθ=αE+(1-α)・V1・sinθ ・・・式(4)
となるように各時刻のαを定めればv2を所望の値に保つことができる。よって
α=(V2-V1)sinθ/(E-V1・sinθ) ・・・式(5)
となる。
ここでリアクトル4による電圧降下が小さく、交流出力電圧は概ねvuに等しいとすれば、式(1)、式(2)、式(6)より
V2・sinθ=-αE+(1-α)・V1・sinθ ・・・式(7)
となるように各時刻のαを定めればv2を所望の値に保つことができる。よって
α=(V1-V2)sinθ/(E+V1・sinθ) ・・・式(8)
となる。
Claims (7)
- 半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作により交流を直流に変換する順変換器と、半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作により直流を交流に変換する逆変換器とにより構成され、かつ前記順変換器の直流出力と前記逆変換器の直流入力とを接続した、交流-交流変換装置において、
それぞれダイオードを逆並列接続した半導体スイッチ同士を直列接続した第1の半導体スイッチ直列回路と、それぞれダイオードを逆並列接続した半導体スイッチ同士を直列接続した第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路と、コンデンサを直列接続したコンデンサ直列回路とを並列接続し、交流入力の一端と前記第1の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点との間に第1のリアクトルを、前記交流入力の一端と前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点との間に双方向スイッチを、前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点と交流出力の一端との間に第2のリアクトルを、前記コンデンサ直列回路内部の直列接続点と前記交流入力の他端及び前記交流出力の他端を、各々接続したことを特徴とする交流-交流変換装置。 - 前記交流入力の電圧値に応じて、前記第1の半導体スイッチ直列回路及び前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路の半導体スイッチを全てオフとし、前記双方向スイッチをオンさせる第1の制御モードを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の交流-交流変換装置。
- 前記交流入力の電圧値に応じて、前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路の半導体スイッチと前記双方向スイッチとを交互にオンオフさせる第2の制御モードを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の交流-交流変換装置。
- 前記交流入力の電圧値に応じて、前記双方向スイッチをオフとし、前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路の半導体スイッチをオンオフさせる第3の制御モードを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の交流-交流変換装置。
- 前記双方向スイッチ素子のオン時の電圧が、前記第1及び第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路の素子のオン時の電圧よりも小さな素子を用いることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の交流-交流変換装置。
- 半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作により交流を直流に変換する順変換器と、半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作により直流を交流に変換する逆変換器とにより構成され、かつ前記順変換器の直流出力と前記逆変換器の直流入力とを接続した、交流-交流変換装置において、
それぞれダイオードを逆並列接続した半導体スイッチ同士を直列接続した第1の半導体スイッチ直列回路と、それぞれダイオードを逆並列接続した半導体スイッチ同士を直列接続した第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路と、コンデンサを直列接続したコンデンサ直列回路とを並列接続し、交流入力の一端と前記第1の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点との間に第1のリアクトルを、前記交流入力の一端と前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点との間に第1の双方向スイッチを、前記コンデンサ直列回路内部の直列接続点と前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点との間に第2の双方向スイッチを、前記第2の半導体スイッチ直列回路内部の直列接続点と交流出力の一端との間に第2のリアクトルを、前記コンデンサ直列回路内部の直列接続点と前記交流入力の他端及び前記交流出力の他端を、各々接続したことを特徴とする交流-交流変換装置。 - 前記第1の双方向スイッチと前記第2の双方向スイッチを交互にオンオフさせて、交流入力電圧より低い交流出力電圧を得る制御モードを備えることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の交流-交流変換装置。
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EP11842379.7A EP2642651A4 (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2011-11-16 | AC-AC CONVERTER |
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EP2642651A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
JP5282855B2 (ja) | 2013-09-04 |
EP2642651A4 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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CN103081324A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
US20130235625A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
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CN103081324B (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
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