WO2012063473A1 - 面状発熱体およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
面状発熱体およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012063473A1 WO2012063473A1 PCT/JP2011/006235 JP2011006235W WO2012063473A1 WO 2012063473 A1 WO2012063473 A1 WO 2012063473A1 JP 2011006235 W JP2011006235 W JP 2011006235W WO 2012063473 A1 WO2012063473 A1 WO 2012063473A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- electrically insulating
- sheet
- planar heating
- electrode
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/845—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thin and flat sheet heating element using Joule heat of a polymer resistor.
- a material obtained by dispersing a conductive material such as carbon black, metal powder, or graphite in a resin is known.
- a PTC heating element which means an abbreviation of English Positive Temperature Coefficient, which means a positive resistance temperature characteristic
- a self-temperature control function Is known as a device that has advantages such as eliminating the need for components and reducing the number of components.
- a coated wire 1 in which a conductive coating 2 is provided in a cylindrical shape is disposed on an electrode wire 3 that feeds power to the heating resistor sheet 4, and the coated wire 1 and the heating resistor sheet are arranged. 4 was heat welded. Both the coated wire 1 and the heating resistor sheet 4 are formed of thermoplastic resin and conductive particles such as carbon. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- the coated wire 1 is made of the same material and has a smooth adhesive surface in order to strengthen thermal welding with the heating resistor sheet 4.
- planar heating element In general, a planar heating element is often soaked, so a flat plate such as aluminum is often affixed to at least one side. By adopting the above configuration, the planar heating element is smoothed and thinned. I am trying.
- planar heating element can be made thin due to the fact that it does not require a temperature control circuit, so it can be mounted, for example, on floor heaters and automotive door mirrors and washstand mirrors for dew / frost removal. It has been used in places where the space is relatively thin.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a planar heating element that is low-cost, safe and easy to attach a substrate, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention is configured as follows.
- the planar heating element of the present invention comprises a sheet-like electrically insulating substrate, a sheet-like polymer resistor disposed on the electrically insulating substrate, and a fine metal wire covered with a conductive coating layer. And at least a pair of electrodes arranged along the sheet-like surface of the polymer resistor and supplying power to the polymer resistor, and facing the electrically insulating substrate with the electrode and the polymer resistor interposed therebetween And a sheet-like electrically insulating coating material bonded to the electrically insulating substrate via a hot melt so as to cover the electrode and the polymer resistor, and the cross-sectional shape of the coating layer in the electrode is It is made into the substantially elliptical shape which has a long axis in the direction along the sheet-like surface of an electrically insulating base material.
- planar heating element that is thin as a whole including the electrode portion, and to provide an electrode configuration of a planar heating element that is safe and easy to attach a substrate at low cost.
- FIG. 1 A plan view showing a configuration of a planar heating element in the first embodiment 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG.
- Schematic diagram of laminating equipment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the planar heating element in Embodiment 2 of this invention
- Schematic perspective view showing a conventional heating element The top view which shows the structure of the planar heating element in Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- Battery cell connection diagram in a battery module on which the planar heating element according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is mounted The top view which shows the structure of the planar heating element in Embodiment 4 of this invention Battery cell connection diagram in the battery module on which the planar heating element in Embodiment 4 of the present invention is mounted
- Plan view of a conventional planar heating element Side view of a conventional sheet heating element
- 1st invention has a sheet-like electrically insulating base material, the sheet-like polymer resistor arrange
- a sheet-like electrically insulating coating material bonded to the electrically insulating substrate via hot melt so as to cover the electrode and the polymer resistor, and the cross-sectional shape of the coating layer in the electrode is electrically insulating It is characterized by being substantially elliptical with a major axis in the direction along the sheet-like surface of the substrate.
- the cross-sectional shape of the conductive coating layer is substantially elliptical as described above, the followability between the electrode and the polymer resistor is good.
- the covering layer into a substantially elliptical cross section, it becomes easy for hot melt to flow into the step between the covering layer and the sheet-like polymer resistor, and a covering layer in which voids are likely to be formed compared to other parts. It becomes difficult to enclose a gap also in the vicinity of the contact portion with the polymer resistor.
- the polymer resistor Since the presence of voids is reduced, it is not only preferable in appearance, but also in a long-term use, the polymer resistor is less likely to be deteriorated, and the electrically insulating coating material is less likely to peel off, which is preferable in terms of safety and quality.
- one of the sheet-like outer surfaces of the electrically insulating coating material and the electrically insulating substrate is a substantially flat surface.
- one surface is a flat surface (planar) shape, it is easy to attach to a planar heating element that is often mounted in a relatively narrow place, and industrial utility is increased.
- a flat plate made of aluminum or the like is often affixed to at least one side, but joining one side with a flat plate made of aluminum or the like can be easily performed by making one side flat.
- the softening point of the conductive coating layer is set to a temperature not higher than the melting point of hot melt + 100 ° C.
- the temperature of hot melt which is an adhesion means, is raised to the melting point or higher. Since the conductive coating layer has a softening point that is equal to or lower than the melting point of the hot melt + 100 ° C., the conductive coating layer also rises in temperature and softens, so that the conductive coating layer can be easily deformed. Can do.
- the conductive coating layer becomes substantially oval due to the pressure from the electrically insulating base material and the electrically insulating coating material during the pasting process. Therefore, the effect of the first invention can be obtained.
- the cross-sectional area of the coating layer is at least twice the cross-sectional area of the thin metal wire.
- At least one pair of electrodes has at least three or more electrodes arranged in parallel with adjacent electrodes having different polarities, and the length between at least one pair of electrodes is another pair.
- Each electrode is arranged on a sheet-like polymer resistor so as to be different from the inter-electrode length.
- planar heating element of the present invention specifies a part that is difficult to rise in temperature and outputs high output. Therefore, the risk of excessive temperature rise is extremely low, and the structure is safe and reliable.
- the inrush total output power can be increased with respect to a sheet heating element with a uniform electrode interval, and the rising speed of temperature rise is more agile. It is possible to save the space of the planar heating element.
- the length between the pair of electrodes disposed at the end of the planar heating element is greater than the length between the other pair of electrodes disposed adjacent thereto.
- the structure is also small.
- part which is easy to radiate heat of planar heating element itself can be made high-output, and the temperature nonuniformity of planar heating element itself can be reduced simultaneously.
- the length between a pair of electrodes on one side of each pair of electrodes arranged at both ends of the planar heating element is smaller than the length between the other pairs of electrodes.
- the body to be heated is large in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the electrode, and even when two or more planar heating elements are used, compared to the end portion on one side and other parts of the planar heating element.
- a planar heating element can be arranged so that the end of the heated body, which is a part that easily radiates heat, coincides with the end on one side, and the amount of heat generation can be increased. Since the end of the sheet heating element on the opposite side does not become the end of the heated body, it is not necessary to reduce the length between the electrodes.
- the eighth invention uses a material in which the resistance value of the polymer resistor having the PTC characteristic in the planar heating element is always positive in the region of at least 0 ° C. to 80 ° C. with respect to the second derivative of temperature.
- the surface of the same resistor material and the same area can be obtained not only when the voltage starts to be applied but also when the temperature is stabilized.
- the total output can be made larger than that of the sheet-like heating element having a uniform electrode interval.
- the ninth invention has a sheet-like polymer resistor and a fine metal wire covered with a conductive coating layer, and is disposed along the sheet-like surface of the polymer resistor to form a polymer resistor.
- the coating layer is softened by placing at least a pair of electrodes to be fed between the sheet-like electrically insulating substrate and the sheet-like electrically insulating coating material via hot melt and applying pressure while heating.
- the shape is changed to a substantially elliptical cross-sectional shape having a major axis in the direction along the sheet-like surface of the electrically insulating base material, and the hot melt is melted with the polymer resistor and the electrode sandwiched therebetween.
- gas such as air can be more stably released from the bonding surface, and hot melt can be caused to flow in the vicinity of the electrode. For this reason, it is possible to avoid the entrapment of voids.
- Examples of methods for simultaneously performing heating and pressurization include laminating that pressurizes the upper and lower surfaces of the sheet heating element with a heated rubber roller, and pressing that presses the upper and lower surfaces of the sheet heating element with a heated flat plate.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a planar heating element 11 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ shown in FIG. FIG.
- the planar heating element 11 is configured by arranging a pair of electrodes 14 on both sides of a polymer resistor 13 disposed on an electrically insulating substrate 12 made of polyethylene terephthalate or the like. On the polymer resistor 13 and the electrode 14, an electrically insulating coating material 16 such as polyethylene terephthalate to which a hot melt 15 has been applied is attached by heat welding. The lead wire for supplying power to the electrode 14 is not shown.
- These electrodes 14 are each formed by a conductive thin coating 14b covering the fine wire 14a and the fine wire 14a.
- a conductive thin coating 14b covering the fine wire 14a and the fine wire 14a.
- the metal thin wire 14a for example, a wire obtained by twisting 15 silver-copper alloy wires having a wire diameter of 0.06 mm is used. In FIG. 2, only seven lines are shown for simplicity.
- the conductive coating layer 14b is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (trade name “Evaflex EV150”, manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd., softening point: about 50 ° C., melting point: about 80 ° C.)) 21 % By weight and a resin containing maleic anhydride as a functional group showing metal affinity (trade name “Bondaine LX4110” (ethylene-acrylic ester-maleic anhydride terpolymer resin, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 100 ° C.) 9% by weight of softening from the vicinity, conductive whisker (trade name “FTL-110”, acicular titanium oxide, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 45% by weight, carbon black (trade name “Printex L”) "Primary particle size 21 nm, manufactured by Degussa Co., Ltd.) 15% by weight, flame retardant (trade name” Reophos RDP ", phosphate
- the processing method for coating employs coextrusion molding used in general processing methods such as lead wires, and can be stably processed at low cost. Since the conductive coating layer 14b has a relatively low softening point, the extrudability is also good, and since it is substantially circular, winding is easy.
- the specific resistance between the outer peripheral portion of the coating and the central metal portion was 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and the flame retardancy satisfied FMVSS302.
- the polymer resistor 13 is made of a material having a PTC characteristic. When the temperature rises, the resistance value of the polymer resistor 13 rises and has a self-temperature adjusting function so as to reach a predetermined temperature. It has a function as an unnecessary and highly safe planar heating element.
- the polymer resistor 13 is manufactured by kneading various materials and then calendering to reduce the thickness to about 100 to 200 ⁇ m and cutting it into a substantially rectangular shape by Thomson processing.
- the hot melt 15 a material mainly composed of a crystalline polyester resin having a melting point of about 110 ° C. was used.
- the hot melt 15 is applied and molded in advance on one side of the electrically insulating coating material 16 by T-die extrusion.
- the softening point of the conductive coating layer 14 b is about 100 ° C., but the softening point of the conductive coating layer 14 b is 100 ° C. higher than the melting point of the hot melt 15. You may employ
- a polyethylene terephthalate substrate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was used for the electrically insulating substrate 12 and the electrically insulating coating material 16.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of the laminating equipment.
- the electrically insulating substrate 12, the polymer resistor 13, the electrode 14, and the electrically insulating substrate 16 can be bonded together.
- Each of the electrical insulating base material 12, the polymer resistor 13, and the electrode 14 is composed of a roll for feeding and a heat roller 17 for performing heating and pressurization for bonding from above and below.
- the bonding can be performed if the melting point of the hot melt 15 is 110 ° C. or more. However, if the hot melt 15 is not sufficiently melted, the polymer resistor 13 is distorted during the bonding. It is preferable to set the melting point of the hot melt 15 to + 50 ° C. to + 100 ° C. at least. On the other hand, it is not preferable to raise the temperature to around 190 ° C. at which the dimensions of the electrically insulating substrate 12 and the electrically insulating substrate 16 change greatly. Therefore, in this Embodiment 1, the temperature setting of the heat roller 17 was 170 degreeC.
- the conductive coating layer 14b is supplied in a substantially circular cross-sectional shape when unrolled, but when passing through the heat roller 17, it is heated and softened to the vicinity of the softening point, and since pressure is applied from above and below, the cross-sectional shape is crushed.
- an elliptical shape having a major axis in the direction in which the electrically insulating base material 12 spreads is formed.
- the lead wire or the like is attached to a more fine metal wire 14a to complete the planar heating element 11.
- the melting point of the hot melt 15 is about 110 ° C.
- the softening point of the conductive coating layer 14b is about 100 ° C.
- the set temperature of the heat roller 17 is 170 ° C.
- the temperature of the hot melt 15 is raised to the melting point or higher by the heat roller 17 and at the same time the conductive coating layer 14b is heated to the softening point or higher, so that the electric insulating base material 12 and the electric insulating coating material 16 by the hot melt 15 are heated. It is possible to perform the pasting and the shape change of the conductive coating layer 14b at the same time, which is a simple and low man-hour processing step.
- the conductive coating layer 14 b changes its shape into a substantially elliptic shape while following the electrical insulating base material 12 and the electrical insulating coating material 16, thereby forming a gap between the conductive coating layer 14 b and the polymer resistor 13.
- the polymer resistor 2 It is advantageous to the long-term reliability of the polymer resistor 2 that no gap is formed in the vicinity of the conductive coating layer 14b.
- the polymer resistor 12 often deteriorates due to oxidation, in the first embodiment of the present invention, since air can be shut off, it is possible to obtain a planar heating element 11 that is resistant to oxidation deterioration and has long-term reliability. is made of.
- the presence of the gap may be a starting point for peeling off the electrically insulating coating material 16, and eliminating the gap is advantageous from the viewpoint of safety such as electric shock.
- the polymer resistor 13 and the conductive coating layer 14b are covered with the hot melt 15, the upper and lower electrically insulating substrates 12, and the electrically insulating coating material 16, they cannot move easily. Therefore, good electrical and physical contact can be maintained, and there is almost no contact resistance between them.
- the following effect due to the deformation of the conductive coating layer 14b is possible because the cross-sectional area of the conductive coating layer 14b is sufficiently larger than that of the more linear metal thin wire 14a. Needless to say, the cross-sectional area of the more thin metal wire 14a is not reduced even if heating and pressurization are performed at the time of bonding.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration diagram of the planar heating element 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Since the schematic plan view is the same as FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, it is omitted.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the cross-sectional shape of the conductive coating layer 14b and the thickness of the electrically insulating substrate 12, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and are different portions. I will explain only.
- the thickness of the electrically insulating substrate 12 is 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the electrically insulating coating material 16 is greater than 50 ⁇ m.
- the rigidity of the electrically insulating base material 12 becomes electrically insulating. Since the rigidity of the covering material 16 is higher, the electrically insulating base material 12 hardly deforms, and the electrically insulating covering material 16 deforms so as to follow the thickness of the conductive covering layer 14 b and the polymer resistor 13. .
- the mountability of the planar heating element 11 on the surface of the electrically insulating base material 12 is improved, and industrial utility is increased.
- the planar heating element 11 is often attached with a flat plate made of aluminum or the like on one side for soaking, but it can be easily joined to a soaking plate such as aluminum by making one side flat. It will be possible.
- planar heating elements 11 are used in places where the space for mounting a floor mirror or a mirror of a wash basin, for example, for floor heating appliances or dew / frost removal is relatively thin. Improvement also leads to expansion of usage.
- the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the conductive coating layer 14b is caused by the difference in rigidity due to the difference in thickness between the electrical insulating base material 12 and the electrical insulating coating material 16, and the surface of the electrical insulating base material 2 is thereby changed.
- the material of the heat roller 17 used for processing is changed by changing the materials of the electrically insulating base material 12 and the electrically insulating coating material 16 (for example, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate).
- the surface to be planarized may be either the electrically insulating substrate 12 or the electrically insulating coating material 16.
- the molding cross section of the conductive coating layer 14b is substantially circular.
- the effect of the present invention can be obtained with any shape such as a quadrangle or a substantially elliptical shape. It is done.
- the heat roller 17 is used as a method for bonding the electrically insulating base material 12 and the electrically insulating coating material 16, but any means capable of heating and pressurizing such as a heat press may be used.
- the effect of the present invention can also be obtained by means.
- planar heating element for example, a planar heating element mainly used for applications such as heating a battery of an automobile or an electric floor heating panel in a cold region is taken as an example. explain.
- this type of planar heating element 65 is impregnated with a carbon-based conductive paint 66 on a woven fabric 68 in which a plurality of electrode copper wire groups 67 are arranged at predetermined intervals between warps as shown in FIG. Then, the sheet heating portions 69 are formed by drying, and the electrode terminals 71 are fixed to the ends of the electrode copper wire groups 67, and then the sheet heating portions 69 are covered with an electrically insulating resin. Also, two electrode terminals 71 located every other one of the electrode terminals are connected to each other by lead wires 70a and 70b, respectively, and lead wires 72a and 72b led out from one terminal of each lead wire 70a and 70b are connected to an outlet. 73.
- planar heating element for example, in an environment where a battery mounted on an automobile is at ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower, the battery liquid is frozen or the battery liquid is not frozen. Since the possibility of the engine not being able to start increases due to a significant decrease in the electric capacity of the battery, means for heating the battery itself with an auxiliary heat source to prevent a decrease in battery capacity has been considered.
- this type of conventional sheet heating element 100 includes a heat radiation plate 101 on which a ceramic PTC heating element 102 is mounted, and is disposed around the battery 103. Further, a heat insulating and heat insulating material 104 is arranged on the outer periphery of the battery 103 so as to cover the sheet heating element 100, and the battery 103 is heated by using the battery 103 as a power source (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-190841). .
- the heat generation distribution is There is a problem that the entire battery cannot be uniformly warmed only by natural heat dissipation by the copper heat sink.
- the “heat generation distribution” is a distribution in which a heat generating object (that is, a planar heating element) tends to generate heat and does not consider heat dissipation.
- the embodiment described below further solves such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a planar heating element that has an easy structure, has little unevenness in heating of the heated body, has excellent durability, and high safety.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the planar heating element
- FIG. 7 is a connection diagram of battery cells in the battery module on which the planar heating element is mounted.
- a copper stranded wire (metal thin wire) is formed on a polymer resistor 52 having a PTC characteristic in which a resin and conductive carbon are kneaded to form a film.
- the electrode wires 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, and 53e are arranged, and the polymer resistor 52 and the electrode wires 53a to 53e are sandwiched from both sides with a PET film 54 laminated with a hot-melt resin that is an electrically insulating substrate.
- the resistor sheet 55a is formed by thermocompression bonding of the PET film 54, the polymer resistor 52, and the electrode wires 53a to 53e by hot pressing or heat laminating.
- the electrode lines 53a to 53e have the electrode lines 53a, 53c, and 53e as one pole, the electrode lines 53b and 53d as the other pole, and the electrode lines 53a, 53c, and 53e are fed so that adjacent electrode lines have different polarities.
- the lead wires 56a are connected to each other, and the electrode wires 53b and 53d are connected to each other by the lead wires 56b.
- 58 is a power supply wire.
- an aluminum soaking plate 60 is attached to one side of the resistor sheet 55a with a double-sided tape.
- the inter-electrode distance (inter-electrode length) 59ab of the electrode lines 53a and 53b and the inter-electrode distance 59de of the electrode lines 53d and 53e are X, and the inter-electrode distances 59bc and 53c and 53d of the electrode lines 53b and 53c are between.
- the distance 59cd is Y, and X ⁇ Y.
- the polymer resistor 52 has a PTC characteristic and has a property that the resistance value increases as the temperature rises.
- the resistance value of the polymer resistor 52 is 0 ° C. to 80 ° C. with respect to the second derivative of temperature. A material that is always positive in the region of ° C. is used.
- the polymer resistor 52 is not only a simple film, but a form in which a reinforcing material such as a non-woven fabric is attached for reinforcement or a reinforcing material such as a non-woven fabric is embedded in the film of the polymer resistor 52, or a non-woven fabric or the like.
- the reinforcing material may be impregnated with a material obtained by kneading resin and conductive carbon.
- the same material as the polymer resistor 52 or a similar composition material is coated in order to make the adhesion to the polymer resistor 52 stronger. If the planar heating element 51 is used in a place where flexibility is not so much required, a single copper wire or a flat copper wire may be used. As a material for the electrode wires, not only copper but also other metal wires may be used.
- the same PET film 4 is used.
- PET films having different thicknesses may be used, and the material of the film is different as long as the function can be maintained. May be.
- the material of the aluminum soaking plate 60 is not aluminum, but may be copper in order to enhance the soaking property. If the planar heating element 51 does not require so much soaking property, it may be more easily made of iron or omitted. You may do it.
- FIG. 7 is a battery cell connection diagram in a battery module on which the planar heating element 51a is mounted.
- a battery 62 as a heated object is formed by stacking battery modules 61 in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series.
- a sheet heating element 51 a is opposed to one surface of the battery 62 by a support 63 via an aluminum soaking plate 60, and is fixed with a gap between the battery 62.
- the planar heating element 51a can be turned on and off when the battery temperature falls below a preset temperature condition by the control means 64 or by the user's intention.
- planar heating element configured as described above.
- the sheet heating element 51a Since the polymer resistor 52 has PTC characteristics, the sheet heating element 51a is energized, and after a certain amount of time, the resistance value increases as the temperature rises. The temperature reaches a stable temperature at a balance. For this reason, a temperature distribution due to a difference in the amount of heat radiation within the surface of the planar heating element 51a is possible as a property unique to the planar heating element 51a that performs temperature control with PTC characteristics.
- the planar heating element 51a is supported by the support 63 at its end face, and in particular, the end face of the planar heating element 51a is easy to radiate heat and is difficult to increase in temperature.
- the heat generating portion formed by the electrode lines 53a and 53b and the electrode lines 53d and 53e The heat generation amount is larger than that of the heat generating portion formed by the wires 53b and 53c and the electrode wires 53c and 53d, and the temperature rises easily. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the planar heating element 51a can be reduced, and the portion that is likely to dissipate heat is further heated, so that heat conduction to the battery 62 can be facilitated.
- the temperature distribution of the planar heating element 51a By reducing the temperature distribution of the planar heating element 51a, the temperature distribution of the battery 62, which is the object to be heated, can also be reduced, and the output unevenness between the battery modules 61 can be reduced.
- the “temperature distribution” is a temperature distribution as a result of heat absorption and heat dissipation of both the heating element (that is, the planar heating element) and the heated object (that is, the battery).
- the planar heating element 51a produces a high output at the heat generating portion formed by the electrode wires 53a and 53b and the electrode wires 53d and 53e, which are portions where the temperature does not easily rise. Therefore, of course, the risk of reaching an excessive temperature rise is extremely low, requiring high reliability, and very useful for the battery 62 that does not like the excessive temperature rise.
- the sheet heating element 51a can increase the inrush total output power compared to the sheet heating element having the same resistor material and the same area and the same electrode spacing, and the temperature rise can be increased. The rising speed can be made more agile, and the space of the planar heating element can be saved.
- the planar heating element 51a is used in an extremely low temperature environment of ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower where the electric capacity of the battery 62 is reduced.
- the stable temperature of the planar heating element 51a is 0 ° C. to depending on the voltage, heat dissipation state, and PTC characteristics. 80 ° C.
- the output when the sheet heating element 51a reaches a stable temperature can be made larger than that of the sheet heating element having the same resistance material and the same area as the sheet heating element having the same electrode spacing. It is possible to make the rising speed of the temperature rise more agile and to save the space of the planar heating element.
- the output distribution of the planar heating element can be obtained only by adjusting the electrode interval without adjusting the resistor material, and the above-described functions and effects can be obtained.
- a planar heating element with little unevenness and a large total output at the time of start-up and temperature stabilization can be provided very simply.
- the “output distribution” is a distribution of output that tends to generate heat, and does not consider heat dissipation.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the planar heating element
- FIG. 9 is a connection diagram of battery cells in the battery module on which the planar heating element is mounted.
- the planar heating element 51b has the same basic configuration as that of the above-described third embodiment, such as an electrode wire, a resistor, a resistor sheet made of a PET film, and a connecting portion. Then, only the inter-electrode distance 59ab is smaller than the other inter-electrode distances 59bc, 59cd, 59de.
- the sheet heating element 51c has a shape in which the sheet heating element 51b is symmetrical with respect to the electrode wire 3e, and the two sheet heating elements 51b and 51c are both electrodes.
- the inter-electrode distance 59ab between 53a and 53b is set smaller than the other inter-electrode distances.
- planar heating elements 51 b and 51 c are attached to a battery 62 by a support 63.
- the electrodes 53a having a small inter-electrode distance are attached so as to be in the vicinity of the support 63, respectively.
- the same operation and effect as those of the third embodiment described above are provided between the electrode wires 53a and 53b, and a large number of battery modules 61 of the battery 62 are stacked, so that one sheet-like heating element is formed. Then, even when it cannot be covered, by using two sheet heating elements 51b and 51c of the present invention, one end of each sheet heating element 51b and 51c and each support 63 are matched. It is possible to increase the amount of heat generated at a part that easily radiates heat (that is, a part corresponding to the vicinity of the end of the heated object). Since the ends of the sheet heating elements 51b and 51c on the opposite side do not become the ends of the body to be heated, it is not necessary to reduce the length between the electrodes.
- planar heating elements 51b and 51c of the present invention when more battery modules 61 are stacked, it is useful to use three or more planar heating elements and to arrange the planar heating elements 51b and 51c of the present invention on both ends at both ends. There is no.
- the planar heating element according to the present invention is thin, smooth and highly mountable in the electrode part, has high reliability and safety, and can be manufactured at low cost. It can be used for heating a door mirror of a car, a mirror of a wash basin, an in-vehicle battery heater, and other parts.
- planar heating element according to the present invention can adjust the heating distribution of the planar heating element only by adjusting the distance between the electrodes, can make the temperature distribution of the heated body uniform, and generates heat per unit area of the planar heating element.
- the amount of heat can be improved, and a safe and reliable planar heating element without worrying about excessive temperature rise can be provided. Therefore, not only battery heating for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles for cold districts, but also other heating It can be widely applied as a heater.
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における面状発熱体11の概略構成を示す図であり、図2は、図1に示す線A-A’に沿う横断面を矢印Bの方向から見た断面図である。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態2における面状発熱体11の概略構成図を示す断面図である。概略平面図は実施の形態1の図1と同じであるため省略した。
次に、本発明の実施の形態3にかかる面状発熱体として、例えば寒冷地における自動車等のバッテリーや電気床暖房パネル等を加熱するような用途に主に用いられる面状発熱体を例として説明する。
本発明の実施の形態4の面状発熱体を図8および図9を参照して説明する。図8は面状発熱体の平面図、図9は面状発熱体が実装される電池モジュール内の電池セル接続図である。
Claims (9)
- シート状の電気絶縁性基材と、
電気絶縁性基材上に配置されたシート状の高分子抵抗体と、
導電性の被覆層により被覆された金属細線を有し、高分子抵抗体のシート状の表面に沿って配置されて高分子抵抗体に給電する少なくとも一対の電極と、
電極および高分子抵抗体を間に挟んで電気絶縁性基材と対向して配置され、電極および高分子抵抗体を覆うようにホットメルトを介して電気絶縁性基材と接着されたシート状の電気絶縁性被覆材と、を備え、
電極における被覆層の断面形状は、電気絶縁性基材のシート状の表面沿いの方向に長軸を持つ略楕円形である、面状発熱体。 - 電極が配置されている領域において、電気絶縁性被覆材および電気絶縁性基材のいずれか一方のシート状の外表面が略平坦面である、請求項1に記載の面状発熱体。
- 導電性の被覆層の軟化点は、ホットメルトの融点+100℃以下の温度である、請求項1または2のいずれか1つに記載の面状発熱体。
- 電極の長手方向の断面において、被覆層の断面積は金属細線の断面積の2倍以上である、請求項3に記載の面状発熱体。
- 少なくとも一対の電極として、隣り合う電極を異極とし、略平行に配置された少なくとも3本以上の電極を有し、
少なくとも1つの対の電極間長さが他の対の電極間長さと相違するように、シート状の高分子抵抗体上にそれぞれの電極が配置されている、請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の面状発熱体。 - 面状発熱体の端部に配置される一対の電極間長さが、その隣に配置される他の一対の電極間長さよりも小さい、請求項5に記載の面状発熱体。
- 面状発熱体の両端部に配置されるそれぞれの一対の電極のうち片側の一対の電極間長さが、他の対の電極間長さよりも小さい、請求項5に記載の面状発熱体。
- 高分子抵抗体がPTC特性を有し、高分子抵抗体の抵抗値が温度の2回微分に対し、少なくとも0℃~80℃の領域において常に正である、請求項5から7のいずれか1つに記載の面状発熱体。
- シート状の高分子抵抗体と、導電性の被覆層により被覆された金属細線を有し、高分子抵抗体のシート状の表面に沿って配置されて高分子抵抗体に給電する少なくとも一対の電極とを、ホットメルトを介して、シート状の電気絶縁性基材およびシート状の電気絶縁性被覆材の間に配置するとともに加熱しながら加圧することにより、被覆層を軟化させて、電気絶縁性基材のシート状の表面沿いの方向に長軸を持つ略楕円形の断面形状に形状変化させ、それとともにホットメルトを溶融させて、高分子抵抗体および電極を挟んで電気絶縁性基材および電気絶縁性被覆材を接着する、面状発熱体の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012542811A JPWO2012063473A1 (ja) | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | 面状発熱体およびその製造方法 |
US13/883,940 US9204496B2 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Planar heating element and manufacturing method for same |
EP11840698.2A EP2640161B1 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Planar heating element and production method for same |
CN201180053883.7A CN103202093B (zh) | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | 面状发热体及其制造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010-249283 | 2010-11-08 | ||
JP2010249283 | 2010-11-08 | ||
JP2011093747 | 2011-04-20 | ||
JP2011-093747 | 2011-04-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012063473A1 true WO2012063473A1 (ja) | 2012-05-18 |
Family
ID=46050638
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/006235 WO2012063473A1 (ja) | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | 面状発熱体およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9204496B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2640161B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2012063473A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103202093B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012063473A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014010252A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | バッテリー加熱装置 |
JP2014160587A (ja) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-09-04 | Panasonic Corp | 面状発熱体 |
CN104823764A (zh) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-12 | 侨健新能源科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种组合式农用发热片 |
WO2018066708A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | イシイ株式会社 | 面状発熱体、面状発熱装置、面状発熱体用電極、及び面状発熱体の製造方法 |
KR20190113334A (ko) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-08 | 주식회사 유니크 | 압착 전극을 구비한 열선 장치 |
JP2019175671A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | セーレン株式会社 | 面状発熱体 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103340743B (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-04-08 | 胡木明 | 一种温灸足疗罐 |
FR3015172B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-12 | 2019-05-10 | Total Sa | Dispositif de chauffage electrique |
KR20150094488A (ko) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-19 | 코넷시스 주식회사 | 열상 표적지 |
US10236544B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2019-03-19 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Heater for electric vehicle batteries |
US10587021B2 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2020-03-10 | Ec Power, Llc | All solid state lithium battery |
KR102487620B1 (ko) * | 2015-09-15 | 2023-01-12 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 카메라 모듈용 박막 히터 및 이를 갖는 카메라 모듈 |
DE102016105774A1 (de) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | Jenoptik Advanced Systems Gmbh | Beheizbares Flächenelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben |
KR101762094B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-04 | 2017-07-26 | 김이태 | 난방필름전용 전원커넥터 |
GB2566550B (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2022-07-13 | Gkn Aerospace Services Ltd | Electrothermal heater mat and method of manufacture thereof |
US11234297B2 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-01-25 | Charmgraphene Co., Ltd. | Plate heater |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01197160A (ja) | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | 車両の制動制御装置 |
JPH0384888A (ja) | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-10 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 面状発熱体の製造方法 |
JPH0589952A (ja) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-09 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 面状発熱体の製造法 |
JPH08111282A (ja) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-04-30 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 多層面状発熱体及びその外装シート被覆方法 |
JPH09190841A (ja) | 1996-01-05 | 1997-07-22 | Kojundo Chem Lab Co Ltd | バッテリー加熱装置 |
JPH10241841A (ja) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 蓄熱材を用いた加熱・保温装置 |
JP2001110552A (ja) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-20 | Shuho Kk | 折り畳み可能な面状発熱体 |
JP2010020989A (ja) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Panasonic Corp | 高分子発熱体 |
JP2010249283A (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Bridgestone Corp | 管継手 |
JP2011093747A (ja) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Quartz Lead Co Ltd | 石英るつぼおよびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1228238A (zh) | 1997-01-13 | 1999-09-08 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 平面状发热体 |
JPH10208851A (ja) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 加熱・保温装置 |
JPH118102A (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-01-12 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 発熱体及びヘアーセット器 |
JPH1197160A (ja) | 1997-09-22 | 1999-04-09 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | 面状発熱体 |
KR20100115762A (ko) * | 2008-02-18 | 2010-10-28 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | 고분자 발열체 |
-
2011
- 2011-11-08 CN CN201180053883.7A patent/CN103202093B/zh active Active
- 2011-11-08 EP EP11840698.2A patent/EP2640161B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-08 JP JP2012542811A patent/JPWO2012063473A1/ja active Pending
- 2011-11-08 WO PCT/JP2011/006235 patent/WO2012063473A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-11-08 US US13/883,940 patent/US9204496B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01197160A (ja) | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | 車両の制動制御装置 |
JPH0384888A (ja) | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-10 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 面状発熱体の製造方法 |
JPH0589952A (ja) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-09 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 面状発熱体の製造法 |
JPH08111282A (ja) * | 1994-10-11 | 1996-04-30 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 多層面状発熱体及びその外装シート被覆方法 |
JPH09190841A (ja) | 1996-01-05 | 1997-07-22 | Kojundo Chem Lab Co Ltd | バッテリー加熱装置 |
JPH10241841A (ja) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 蓄熱材を用いた加熱・保温装置 |
JP2001110552A (ja) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-20 | Shuho Kk | 折り畳み可能な面状発熱体 |
JP2010020989A (ja) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-28 | Panasonic Corp | 高分子発熱体 |
JP2010249283A (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-11-04 | Bridgestone Corp | 管継手 |
JP2011093747A (ja) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Quartz Lead Co Ltd | 石英るつぼおよびその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2640161A4 |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014010252A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | バッテリー加熱装置 |
US20150188204A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-07-02 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery heating device |
JPWO2014010252A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-06-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | バッテリー加熱装置 |
JP2014160587A (ja) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-09-04 | Panasonic Corp | 面状発熱体 |
CN104823764A (zh) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-12 | 侨健新能源科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种组合式农用发热片 |
WO2018066708A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-12 | イシイ株式会社 | 面状発熱体、面状発熱装置、面状発熱体用電極、及び面状発熱体の製造方法 |
KR20190113334A (ko) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-08 | 주식회사 유니크 | 압착 전극을 구비한 열선 장치 |
JP2019175671A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | セーレン株式会社 | 面状発熱体 |
KR102086426B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-03-09 | 주식회사 유니크 | 압착 전극을 구비한 열선 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2012063473A1 (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
US9204496B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
EP2640161A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
CN103202093A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
EP2640161A4 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
US20130220994A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
EP2640161B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
CN103202093B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2012063473A1 (ja) | 面状発熱体およびその製造方法 | |
KR101460397B1 (ko) | 방열과 발열 기능을 가지는 전지 조립체 | |
WO2014010252A1 (ja) | バッテリー加熱装置 | |
EP2451004A1 (en) | Heating device and battery unit provided therewith | |
US20080280503A1 (en) | Electrical Connections for Plastic Panels Having Conductive Grids | |
JP2010091185A (ja) | 加熱装置およびそれを用いた車両用暖房装置 | |
US20110233183A1 (en) | Steering wheel heater assembly | |
CN110678704A (zh) | 流体加热器和用于制造流体加热器的方法 | |
KR101481222B1 (ko) | 배터리 모듈용 발열 시트 | |
WO2012114739A1 (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
CN215451673U (zh) | 加热板、电池包及车辆 | |
JP2005011651A (ja) | 面状発熱体、この面状発熱体を用いた暖房装置及び面状発熱体の製造方法 | |
JP5061769B2 (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
JP2578871Y2 (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
JP4633587B2 (ja) | ヒーター付車両用ミラーおよびその製造方法 | |
JP5194726B2 (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
JP2010020990A (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
CN214381452U (zh) | 陶瓷加热器及其散热条 | |
JP2002015844A (ja) | 電熱面発熱ユニット及びそれを用いた電熱床暖房パネル | |
CN220191061U (zh) | 一种发热结构及电加热产品 | |
CN218525640U (zh) | 一种动力电池升温的加热膜组 | |
JP2010132055A (ja) | 車両用暖房装置 | |
JP2000012201A (ja) | 自動車ミラー用ヒータ | |
JP2006351458A (ja) | 面状発熱装置 | |
JP2002110324A (ja) | 面状発熱体およびその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11840698 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012542811 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2011840698 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011840698 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13883940 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |