WO2012029175A1 - Procédé de soudage par friction-malaxage à double face pour tôles présentant un espace entre les parties aboutées - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage par friction-malaxage à double face pour tôles présentant un espace entre les parties aboutées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012029175A1
WO2012029175A1 PCT/JP2010/065152 JP2010065152W WO2012029175A1 WO 2012029175 A1 WO2012029175 A1 WO 2012029175A1 JP 2010065152 W JP2010065152 W JP 2010065152W WO 2012029175 A1 WO2012029175 A1 WO 2012029175A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
friction stir
tools
metal plates
rotary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2010/065152
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
慎一 加賀
満 小野瀬
憲明 富永
斎藤　武彦
泰嗣 芳村
平野　聡
勝煥 朴
Original Assignee
三菱日立製鉄機械株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱日立製鉄機械株式会社 filed Critical 三菱日立製鉄機械株式会社
Priority to JP2010549991A priority Critical patent/JP4838389B1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2010/065152 priority patent/WO2012029175A1/fr
Priority to CN201080068383.6A priority patent/CN103052463B/zh
Publication of WO2012029175A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012029175A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2336—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer both layers being aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a double-sided friction stir welding method in which a joint portion of a metal plate having a gap in a butt portion is friction-stirred and joined from both sides.
  • a friction stir welding technique is known in which materials are stirred and joined in a solid phase state where the joining member is below the melting point. This joining technique has been put to practical use in various industrial fields, mainly aluminum alloys.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a probe or a metal that is butted so that the probe at the tip of the rotating tool repeatedly crosses the joining line. A method of friction stir welding while swinging the plate is described.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a method for preventing the occurrence of a bonding defect by filling a gap formed in a butt portion with a powdery bonding material and not forming a void.
  • the stirrer is manufactured by fixing the side where the welding tool is inserted so that no difference in plate thickness occurs and performing friction stir welding.
  • a method is described in which, when friction stir welding is performed on a portion having a step by turning upside down, a part of the stirring part is stirred once again and the unjoined part is eliminated.
  • a tool is arranged at the leading portion in the joining progress direction on the joining surface (back surface) side without a step, while on the joining surface (front surface) side with a step. Describes a method and an apparatus in which a tool is disposed in a subsequent portion in the welding direction and friction stir welding is performed from the front and back surfaces.
  • FIG. 3 of Patent Document 5 shows that the tip portion of the rotating tool precedes the moving direction of the rotating tool with respect to the butting portion during friction stir welding.
  • the axis of the rotary tool is tilted.
  • FIG. 14a of Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent No. 27128378 shows two rotating tools on the front side and the back side of the butt portion of the metal plate. It is described that they are arranged so as to face each other with substantially no gap between the tips, and are friction-stirred from both sides of the butted portion and joined.
  • the problem of friction stir welding from one side using one rotating tool when there is a gap between the two metal plate butts is a reduction in bonding strength due to the occurrence of bonding defects.
  • the gap of the butt portion exceeds 0.5 mm, the tensile strength of the joint portion is drastically reduced. Therefore, the gap of the butt portion needs to be maintained at 0.5 mm or less. It is described. This is because when the gap between the butted portions is 0.5 mm or more, junction defects such as tunnel-like internal defects and groove-like surface defects are likely to occur at the junction. The following can be considered as the reason why such a bonding defect is likely to occur.
  • the joint and backing plate are joined, so it is necessary to provide a gap between the backing plate and the probe tip. By setting this gap, In many cases, the butt end face near the contact plate cannot be stirred.
  • the friction-stirred material flows into the region of the butt end surface not stirred by plastic flow, and the unstirred butt end surface having the oxide film and the friction stir material are pressed.
  • the back surface of the butt portion has the lowest temperature at the joint portion, and the butt end surface having the oxide film and the friction stir material are in pressure contact with each other, so the joint portion near the back surface of the butt portion has low reliability. Joining conditions.
  • the pressing force applied at the shoulder portion of the rotating tool is held in the back side region that is geometrically extended in the 45 degree direction from the edge portion of the tool.
  • the average surface pressure on the back surface is 1/25 of the average surface pressure applied in the shoulder portion, and the surface pressure is less than half.
  • the pressing force applied in the shoulder portion is greatly attenuated on the back surface of the butt portion and is reduced to approximately the above-described surface pressure. It is considered that a defect such as a gap occurs when a gap of 0.5 mm or more is generated in the butt portion due to the reduction of the surface pressure.
  • Patent Document 1 tries to suppress the occurrence of bonding defects by swinging the probe or the butted metal plate, and Patent Document 2 by filling the gap formed in the butted portion with the powdery bonding material. It is said.
  • the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are not changed in that they are friction stir welding from one side. For this reason, the problems (1) to (3) described above are not solved, and it is often observed that an unjoined portion remains on the back surface of the joined portion. The presence of such an unjoined part causes a decrease in the strength of the joined part.
  • Patent Document 6 two rotating tools are arranged on the front side and the back side of the butt portion of the metal plate, and are friction-stirred from both sides of the butt portion and joined. It is conceivable to apply the double-sided friction stir welding technique of Patent Document 6 when there is a gap between the two metal plate butts or when there is a step between the two metal plates. However, in the double-sided friction stir welding of Patent Document 6, since the friction stir welding is performed in a state in which substantially no gap is provided between the probe tips of the two rotary tools arranged to face the front and back surfaces, The distance between the shoulder surfaces on the back surface is fixed at the joint setting position according to the thickness of the metal plate.
  • each gripping device In gripping of two metal plates, in each gripping device, a gripping force is applied to the contact surface between the front and back surfaces of the metal plate and the metal plate of the gripping device, and the metal plate is held so as not to move by the frictional force there. To do.
  • a rejection force is applied to the gripping device to spread the abutting portion in a direction perpendicular to the joining direction.
  • This exclusion force increases as the rigidity of the material increases, such as a thick plate or a metal plate with high deformation resistance.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 in order to prevent a decrease in the tensile strength of the joint portion, it is necessary to keep the gap of the butt portion at 0.5 mm or less. However, if the gap of the butting portion is kept at 0.5 mm or less, the gripping device will handle the increased rejection force with the gripping force of the gripping device so that the butting portion does not move in a direction perpendicular to the joining direction. Has to be increased in rigidity, and as a result, there is a problem that the gripping device is enlarged and inferior in economy.
  • the gap between the butt portions is reduced by increasing the linearity of the cut surface of the metal plate, but for this purpose, the deformation of the cutting device during cutting must be reduced.
  • it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the cutting device. As a result, there is a problem that the cutting device becomes large and inferior in economic efficiency.
  • Patent Document 1 an attempt is made to suppress the occurrence of bonding defects by swinging a probe or a butt metal plate so that the probe repeatedly crosses the bonding line.
  • a new mechanism for swinging the friction stir welding apparatus main body or the metal plate is required.
  • there are still problems such as an increase in the size of the equipment and inferiority in economy.
  • Patent Document 5 Patent No. 792233
  • the tip portion of the rotary tool precedes the moving direction of the rotary tool relative to the joint, It suppresses joint defects and increases the welding speed.
  • Patent Document 5 when the technique of Patent Document 5 is applied when there is a step at the abutting portion of two metal plates having different thicknesses, more burrs are generated than when two metal plates having the same thickness are joined. .
  • the object of the present invention is to suppress the bonding defect and increase the bonding strength even when the gap between the butt portions of the two metal plates exceeds 0.5 mm, to increase the equipment cost and to improve the economic efficiency, and It is to provide a double-side friction stir welding method with high production efficiency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to increase bonding strength by suppressing bonding defects even when the gap between the butt portions of two metal plates exceeds 0.5 mm, and increase the cost of equipment by increasing the cost of equipment. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a double-sided friction stir welding method that has high production efficiency and produces few burrs even when two metal plates having different thicknesses are joined, and has a high product yield.
  • 1st invention which solves the subject mentioned above arrange
  • one of the first and second rotary tools is a shoulder portion.
  • Rotation having a tool body having a tip portion formed at the tip portion, and at least one recess portion that is formed at the tip portion of the tool body and accommodates the tip portion of the protrusion when the two metal plates are joined
  • Each of the two metal plates is gripped by the first and second gripping devices in a state where a gap less than the diameter of the projection portion is formed in the butted portion where the end surfaces of the two metal plates are butted.
  • the first and second rotary tools are rotated, the first and second rotary tools are moved in a direction approaching each other, and the tip of the protrusion of the one rotary tool is moved to the other rotary tool.
  • the shoulder surfaces of the shoulder portions of the first and second rotating tools are pressed against the front surface side and the back surface side of the butting portion, and in this state, the first and second rotations are performed.
  • the tool is moved along the abutting portion, and the entire thickness direction of the abutting portion is frictionally stirred.
  • a second invention for solving the above-described problem is that, in the double-sided friction stir welding method according to the first invention, the two metal plates that butt the end faces have different thicknesses, and the butt portion has a step.
  • the metal plate is characterized in that the first and second rotary tools frictionally stir the butt portion having the step and the two metal plates are friction stir welded.
  • a third invention for solving the above-described problem is the double-sided friction stir welding method according to the first or second invention, wherein the first and second rotating tools are opposed to each other during the movement.
  • the first and second rotary tools are arranged so that the front end portions of the first and second rotary tools arranged precede the rear end portion in the moving direction of the first and second rotary tools.
  • Each axis is tilted.
  • the said 1st and 2nd rotary tool WHEREIN It arrange
  • Two sheets having different attitudes and having a posture inclined to the thin plate side of the two metal plates having different plate thicknesses, and the shoulder surfaces of the shoulder portions of the first and second rotary tools having different plate thicknesses The axial center of the rotary tool positioned at least on the side where there is a step between the first and second rotary tools is tilted so as to contact both surfaces of the metal plate.
  • the first and second rotary tools are moved in a direction approaching each other, and the tip of the protrusion of one rotary tool is inserted into the recess of the other rotary tool.
  • the shoulder surface of the shoulder portion of the second rotary tool is pressed against the front surface side and the back surface side of the butting portion, and in this state, the first and second rotating tools are moved along the butting portion and subjected to friction stirring.
  • the gap between the butted portions exceeds 0.5 mm, if the gap is less than the diameter of the protruding portion, the entire thickness direction of the butted portion is frictionally stirred, and the two metal plates are joined to the butted portion. Are joined throughout the plate thickness direction.
  • the shoulder surfaces of the first and second rotary tools press the front side and the back side of the abutting portion and simultaneously friction stir from both sides of the abutting portion.
  • the protruding portion frictionally stirs the entire region of the butted portion in the plate thickness direction.
  • the protruding portion includes the vicinity of the central portion of the thickness of the butt portion. Reliable contact with the metal plate material over the entire area. The oxide film on the end surface of the abutting portion can be crushed in the entire thickness direction by the contact of the projecting portion with the end surface of the abutting portion and the pressing of the shoulder surface from both sides of the abutting portion.
  • Friction stir welding can be performed from both sides without fixing the distance between the shoulder surfaces. This avoids fluctuations in the surface pressure at the contact surface between the shoulder surface and the surface of the metal plate joint due to minute fluctuations in the thickness of the metal plate, suppresses fluctuations in frictional heat, suppresses joint defects, and achieves high reliability. It can be joined.
  • the double-sided friction stir welding of the first invention is performed when the thicknesses of the two metal plates abutting the end faces are different.
  • the protrusion of the rotary tool is plunged into the entire thickness direction of the abutting portion, and the abutting portion is stepped at the same time from both sides of the abutting portion and at the same time in the thickness direction of the abutting portion.
  • it can suppress that an unjoined part remains on the back of a joined part.
  • it is possible to provide a friction stir welding method in which bonding defects are suppressed, bonding strength is high, and reliability is high.
  • the first and second rotary tools sandwich two metal plates having different thicknesses at the front and back at the same time, and simultaneously friction stir from both surfaces of the butted portion.
  • the joint portion is pressed by the pressing force at the time of joining as in the case where the friction stir welding is performed by shifting the tool on the front and back sides of the butt portion of the metal plate.
  • the gap is less than the diameter of the protrusion even when the gap of the butting portion exceeds 0.5 mm. If so, since it is possible to perform good bonding, it is not necessary to keep the gap between the butted portions at 0.5 mm or less, and it is possible to suppress an increase in size of the gripping device and the cutting device, and it is possible to improve economy.
  • the distance between the first and second rotating tools can be freely adjusted by adjusting the insertion amount within a range in which the insertion amount of the protrusion in the recess does not become zero. Even if the thickness of the metal plate is different, it is not necessary to prepare a large number of rotating tools with different probe lengths according to the thickness of the metal plate, so that the running cost can be reduced and the economy can be improved.
  • first and second rotary tools are subjected to friction stir welding from both sides of the front and back surfaces of the joint, heat loss to the backing plate that has occurred in the single-side friction stir welding can be prevented. Therefore, the softening region of the joint is increased, the heat load applied to one rotating tool can be reduced to 1 ⁇ 2 or less, and the production efficiency can be improved. Moreover, high-quality friction stir welding can be performed.
  • the front and back surfaces of the butt portion can be simultaneously friction stir welded. Therefore, as shown in FIGS.
  • the two metal plates are held by the first and second holding devices in a state where a gap less than the diameter of the protruding portion is generated in the butted portion of the two metal plates, and both sides friction stir welding is performed.
  • the first and second rotary tools are arranged such that the tip portions of the first and second rotary tools precede the rear end portions in the moving direction of the first and second rotary tools. Tilt the axis of each rotation tool. By tilting the axis of the rotary tool in this way, a part of the shoulder surface of the first and second rotary tools is buried in the abutting portion, and the amount corresponding to the amount of the buried portion becomes a surplus of stirring and is generated as a burr. To do.
  • the leading end portions of the first and second rotating tools are in the moving direction of the first and second rotating tools with respect to the trailing end portion.
  • the axis of each of the first and second rotary tools is tilted so as to precede, the part of the shoulder surface buried by tilting the axis of the rotary tool and two pieces with different thicknesses
  • Both of the difference in plate thickness of the metal plate become the surplus of stirring, and many burrs are generated.
  • most of the stirring surplus is immediately backfilled in the gap of the butt portion.
  • each of the first and second rotating tools In addition to inclining the axis of each of the first and second rotating tools so as to precede the moving direction of the tool, it is further inclined to the thin plate side of the two metal plates having different thicknesses.
  • There is at least a step between the first and second rotary tools so that the shoulder surfaces of the shoulder portions of the first and second rotary tools come into contact with both surfaces of the two metal plates having different thicknesses. Tilt the axis of the rotary tool located on one side.
  • the thickness of the two metal plates is different, and the bonding strength when the butt portion has a step can be further increased.
  • the generation of burrs is suppressed, the product yield is increased, and the burrs are once filled in the gaps of the butt portions, so that the reduction of the joint thickness can be further suppressed. .
  • FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a shape of a cross section of a joint portion of Example 1.
  • FIG. 5 it is sectional drawing of the tool movement direction orthogonal
  • Example 7 shows the positional relationship of the 1st and 2nd rotary tool and metal plate in Example 7 of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising:
  • FIG. 1 to 5 are diagrams showing a double-sided friction stir welding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view immediately after the start of welding
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the state during welding.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in the state during joining
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in the state during joining with the cross-sectional positions of the metal plate and the rotary tool shifted.
  • 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a dimensional relationship between the first and second rotary tools.
  • the first and first surfaces are arranged on the front side and the back side of the butted portion B where the end surfaces of the two metal plates 1 and 2 are butted.
  • the two rotary tools 3 and 4 are arranged so as to face each other, the abutting portion B is frictionally stirred by the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4, and the two metal plates 1 and 2 are frictionally stirred and joined. .
  • the first rotating tool 3 is formed so that a shoulder portion 3c having a shoulder surface 3b that presses the butting portion B is formed at the tip portion, and the tip portion of the tool body 3a protrudes from the shoulder surface 3b. And a pin-like protrusion (probe) 3d.
  • the second rotating tool 4 is formed on a tool body 4a having a shoulder portion 4c having a shoulder surface 4b that presses the butting portion B at the tip portion, and a shoulder surface 4b of the tool body 4a. It has a recess 4d that houses the tip of the protrusion 3d when 1 and 2 are joined.
  • the protrusion (probe) 3d of the first rotating tool 3 has a cylindrical outer peripheral shape, and the recessed portion 4d of the second rotating tool 4 also has a cylindrical inner peripheral shape. In the state where the tip of the projection (probe) 3d is inserted into the recess 4d, a cylindrical ring-shaped gap is formed between them.
  • the two metal plates are gripped by the first and second gripping devices 5 and 6 while the end faces 1a and 2a of the two metal plates 1 and 2 are butted.
  • the gripping devices 5 and 6 have upper and lower gripping plates 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b that sandwich and fix the metal plates 1 and 2, respectively.
  • a gap G is formed in the abutting portion B of the two metal plates 1 and 2 while being held by the holding devices 5 and 6. The width of the gap G is less than the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d of the first rotary tool 3.
  • the butt portion B extends over the entire length of the joining length of the two metal plates 1 and 2.
  • the gap G was constant.
  • the end faces 1a and 2a of the two metal plates 1 and 2 are not in contact with each other, and strictly speaking, they are not in a state of abutment.
  • the end faces 1a and 2a of the two metal plates are in contact with each other in the joining length direction and are in contact with each other.
  • the end surface portion to be joined of the two metal plates 1 and 2 is referred to as a butted portion B, including the case where the gap B exists in the butted portion B over the entire length of the joining length.
  • the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are positioned adjacent to the joining start side end faces 1b and 2b of the butted portion B of the two metal plates 1 and 2 at the front surface side and the back surface side of the butted portion B. It arrange
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 arranged so as to face each other are moved along the abutting portion B, it is preferable that the tip portions of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are located behind.
  • Each of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 is preceded in the moving direction of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 with respect to the end portion (the end opposite to the tool tip portion). Tilt the axis 15. Note that it is not essential to incline the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4, and the axis 15 of each of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 is relative to the surfaces of the metal plates 1 and 2. It may be almost a right angle.
  • the butt B becomes a joint.
  • the joint portion is indicated with a symbol J as appropriate (for example, FIGS. 2 and 9).
  • the friction agitation is simultaneously performed from both surfaces of the abutting part B and the entire thickness direction of the abutting part B is frictionally agitated. Therefore, the gap G of the abutting part B exceeds 0.5 mm. Even if the gap G is smaller than the diameter of the protrusion 3d, the entire thickness direction of the butted portion B is frictionally stirred, and the two metal plates 1 and 2 are joined in the entire thickness direction of the butted portion B. Is done.
  • the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 press the front side and the back side of the abutting portion B and simultaneously friction stir from both sides of the abutting portion B.
  • friction stir heat is generated and the metal material is heated.
  • the projection 3d of the first rotating tool 3 enters the entire area of the abutting portion B in the plate thickness direction.
  • the friction stir is performed on the entire area of the butted portion B in the thickness direction.
  • the gap G of the abutting portion B exceeds 0.5 mm
  • the gap G of the abutting portion B is smaller than the diameter of the protruding portion 3d
  • the protruding portion 3d of the first rotating tool 3 is abutted.
  • the metal plate material is reliably contacted over the entire plate thickness direction including the vicinity of the plate thickness central portion of the portion B.
  • the oxide film on the butted portion end surfaces 1a and 2a can be crushed in the entire plate thickness direction by contact of the projecting portions with the butted portion end surfaces 1a and 2a and pressing of the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b from both the butted portions.
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are arranged such that the leading end portions of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 precede the rear end portion in the moving direction of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4.
  • a part of the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 (the shoulder rear side in the joining progress direction) is the butting portion B.
  • the portion corresponding to the amount of burial becomes a surplus of stirring, and this surplus of stirring is generated as burrs.
  • the gap G is formed in the butting part B, most of the surplus stirring is immediately backfilled in the gap G of the butting part B.
  • the joining is possible even when the gap (maximum width of the gap) between the butted portions B of the two metal plates exceeds 0.5 mm, it is necessary to keep the gap between the butted portions B at 0.5 mm or less. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in size of a cutting device (not shown) that cuts the holding devices 5 and 6 and the metal plates 1 and 2. Further, there is no need for a new mechanism for swinging the friction stir welding apparatus main body or the metal plate. Therefore, the enlargement of equipment can be suppressed and the economy can be improved.
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are separate bodies, the insertion amount of the projection 3d of the first rotary tool 3 in the recess 4d of the second rotary tool 4 (first and second As long as the distance between the two rotary tools is not 0, the amount of insertion can be freely adjusted, and the distance between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 can be adjusted. Therefore, load control can be employed for pressing at least one rotary tool against the joint. By adopting load control, it is possible to perform friction stir welding from both sides without fixing the distance between the upper and lower shoulder surfaces 3b, 4b.
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are separate bodies and the distance between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 can be adjusted, the thickness of the metal plates 1 and 2 can be adjusted. Then, the protruding portion 3d of the first rotating tool 3 is inserted into the recessed portion 4d of the second rotating tool 4, and a metal plate having a thickness within the range of the length of the protruding portion 3d is inserted into the butted portion B from both sides. Friction stir welding can be performed throughout the plate thickness direction. This eliminates the need to replace rotating tools with different probe lengths according to the thickness of the metal plate, eliminating the need to prepare a large number of rotating tools with different probe lengths, reducing running costs, and improving economy. can do.
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are separate bodies, the rotation directions of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are opposite to each other on the front surface side and the back surface side of the butting portion B. I can do it. As a result, the shearing force caused by stirring from the front side of the butt portion B and the shearing force caused by stirring from the back side can be canceled inside the butt portion B, and the material can be prevented from being broken and highly reliable joining can be achieved. . This effect is particularly high when the diameters of the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are the same.
  • FIG. 6 is a time chart showing changes in the joining distance (time after joining start) by the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 and the rotation motor load of the main shaft of the rotating tool.
  • the insertion amount of the protrusion (probe) 3d of the first rotating tool 3 into the recessed portion 4d of the second rotating tool 4 exceeds 0 mm.
  • chatter vibration occurred in a few seconds immediately after the start of bonding, but it was confirmed that chatter vibration could be suppressed thereafter. This is because the material is softened and the recess 4d is filled with the material, so that the protrusion 3d of the inserted first rotary tool 3 passes through the softened and filled material of the second rotary tool 4.
  • This is due to the application of the damping force as a result of receiving the internal pressure in the recess 4d.
  • chatter vibration is suppressed, and uniform frictional stirring is possible. In this respect as well, bonding failure is suppressed and bonding with high reliability can be achieved.
  • the dent 4d is filled with a material corresponding to the gap before the start of joining, this vibration can be avoided.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a joining method when the arrangement positions of the first and second rotating tools are reversed with respect to the front and back surfaces of the butting portion B.
  • the first rotary tool 3 having a protrusion (probe) 3 d at the tip of the tool body 3 a is disposed on the front side of the butting portion B, and the tip of the tool body 4 a is disposed on the back side of the butting portion B.
  • the 2nd rotation tool 4 which has the recessed part 4d in the part was arrange
  • the material of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 will be described.
  • Single-side friction stir welding has been put to practical use in the field of non-ferrous alloys such as aluminum, which is a material having a relatively low melting point.
  • non-ferrous alloys such as aluminum
  • the input energy by friction stirring per unit length is increased and the deformation resistance value is also increased, so that the rotary tool has high heat resistance and fracture toughness. It was required to use materials such as expensive polycrystalline diamond.
  • the material of the rotary tool can be sintered tungsten carbide cemented carbide, tungsten alloy, or the like.
  • an economical rotary tool having a long tool life can be provided in friction stirring of a metal plate having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or higher.
  • the diameter D1 of the shoulder 3c (shoulder surface 3b) of the first rotating tool 3 having the protrusion 3d (probe) at the tip of the tool body 3a, the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d, and the length L1 of the protrusion 3d are as follows: It varies depending on the thickness, deformation resistance and joining conditions of the metal plates 1 and 2 to be friction stir welded.
  • a good joint was obtained by setting conditions as shown in Table 1. That is, when the plate thickness of the metal plate exceeds 0 mm and 1 mm or less, the shoulder diameter D1 exceeds 3 mm and 8 mm or less, and when the plate thickness exceeds 1 mm and 3 mm or less, the shoulder diameter D1 exceeds 5 mm and 12 mm or less, and the plate thickness is 3 mm. When the diameter exceeds 6 mm, the shoulder diameter D1 exceeds 8 mm and is 15 mm or less. When the plate thickness exceeds 6 mm and is 10 mm or less, the shoulder diameter D1 exceeds 12 mm and is 20 mm or less. Stir welding is possible. As a result, a good bonded portion that does not cause poor bonding is obtained.
  • the main determinant of the lower limit value of the protrusion diameter d1 is the moment acting on the protrusion 3d during friction stir welding. If the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d is small, the section modulus cannot be secured, and the protrusion 3d may be broken. Therefore, it is necessary to have a section modulus that does not cause breakage of the protrusion 3d.
  • the main determinant of the upper limit value of the protrusion diameter d1 is the amount of frictional heat generated during friction stir welding.
  • the amount of heat generated by friction is determined by the contact area between the shoulder surface 3b and the metal plate surface.
  • the area of the shoulder surface 3b of the first rotating tool 3 in contact with the metal plate surface changes.
  • the protrusion diameter d1 is smaller than the shoulder diameter D1.
  • the ratio of the protrusion diameter d1 to the shoulder diameter D1 is large, the contact area on the surface of the metal plate is reduced, and the frictional heat generation amount may be insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to set the protrusion diameter d1 so as not to cause poor bonding due to insufficient frictional heat generation.
  • the setting conditions as shown in Table 1 were obtained. That is, when the plate thickness of the metal plate exceeds 0 mm and 1 mm or less, the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d is more than 1 mm and 4 mm or less, and when the plate thickness exceeds 1 mm and 3 mm or less, the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d exceeds 1 mm and 6 mm.
  • the diameter d1 of the projection 3d is more than 2 mm and less than 8 mm
  • the diameter d1 of the projection 3d is more than 4 mm and less than 10 mm.
  • the upper limit value of the protrusion diameter d1 is appropriately selected within the above range with respect to the shoulder diameter D1 set under conditions such as the thickness of the metal plate and deformation resistance. It was confirmed that stir welding was possible. As a result, it is possible to obtain a good bonded portion that does not cause poor bonding.
  • the diameter D2 of the shoulder portion 4c (shoulder surface 4b) of the second rotary tool 4 having the recessed portion 4d at the tip portion of the tool body 4a, the diameter d2 of the recessed portion 4d, and the depth L2 of the recessed portion 4d are as follows. It is determined according to the shoulder diameter D1, the protrusion diameter d1, and the protrusion length L1 of one rotating tool 3. According to tests conducted by the present inventors, the shoulder diameter D2 of the second rotary tool 4 is preferably set to the same value as the shoulder diameter D1 of the first rotary tool 3.
  • the dent part diameter d2 becomes larger than the projection part diameter d1, and is preferably d1 + 2 mm or less. Moreover, the dent part depth L2 became longer than the projection part length L1, and the favorable junction part was obtained by L1 + 1 mm or less.
  • the tip portions of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 precede the rear end portion in the joining progress direction (perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1).
  • the friction stir welding is performed in a state where the axes of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are inclined.
  • the recess portion diameter d2 is the thickness of the metal plate to be friction stir welded
  • the diameter d1 of the protrusion 3d of the first rotary tool 3 is the thickness of the metal plate to be friction stir welded
  • the amount of insertion of the protrusion 3d into the recess 4d is determined by the geometric relationship depending on the tilt angle of the axis of the rotation tools 3 and 4.
  • the dent part diameter d2 is determined by the dent part diameter d2 and the minimum value of the dent part length that can be inserted and tilted without interference in the dent part 4d.
  • the dent part diameter d2 is increased, the protrusion 3d can be inserted and tilted without interference in the dent part 4d. However, if the dent part diameter d2 is excessively large, more material flows into the dent part 4d, resulting in poor bonding. It becomes a factor to generate.
  • the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are processed with a spiral groove, and the protrusion 3b is threaded and recessed. 4d may be subjected to internal thread processing, etc., whereby the stirring efficiency in friction stir welding can be improved.
  • the probe or protrusion diameter d1 and the recess diameter d2 are shown as the same diameter within the lengths L1 and L2.
  • the effect of the friction stir welding can be achieved even if processed into a tapered shape. does not change.
  • FIG. 8 shows the correlation between the butt gap and the tensile strength.
  • the tensile strength after joining of an aluminum alloy is lower than that of the base material, and it is 70% to 90% in the friction stir welding when the tensile strength of the base material is assumed to be 100%.
  • the strength reduction rate during friction stir welding is the phenomenon that the metal structure is coarsened by applying heat generated on the surface of the metal plate and the shoulder surface to the aluminum alloy, and the strength is reduced. The two phenomena of increasing the strength and improving the strength are combined and determined by the size of each contribution.
  • Friction stir welding was performed simultaneously on both sides of a 1 mm aluminum alloy plate using a rotating tool having a protrusion diameter of 2 mm.
  • the clearance between the butted portions was set to five levels of 0 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm. It was confirmed that bonding was possible up to a gap of 1.5 mm between the butted portions. When the gap between the butted portions was 2.0 mm, insufficient stirring of the material occurred, and a good joint could not be obtained.
  • the tensile strength after joining was reduced to about 80 to 90% when the gap was 0 mm as compared with the base material. This is a result showing that it is equivalent to a decrease in strength of the joint after general friction stir welding. Further, friction stir welding is performed with a gap in the butt portion, and a tensile strength equivalent to 0 mm is obtained even at 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm where a good joint can be obtained. I was able to.
  • the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are simultaneously rubbed from both sides of the butting portion B if the gap of the butting portion exceeds 1.5 mm and is less than 2 mm of the diameter of the protruding portion. Since the agitation and the projecting portion are brought into contact with the metal plate material and frictionally stirred over the entire thickness direction of the butted portion, two metal plates can be joined in the entire thickness direction of the butted portion.
  • the gap of the butt portion is made constant over the entire length of the joining length. This is for clarifying the relationship such as the possibility of joining and the mechanical properties of the joined portion with respect to the gap of the butted portion. Moreover, since the gap
  • the gap between the butt portions is not constant over the entire length of the joining length due to the cutting accuracy of the metal plate, as shown in FIG. 9, and there are variations, and the cut surfaces (end surfaces) of the two metal plates are
  • the contact portion is always brought into contact with each other in the joining length direction, and the gap portion having the maximum width is a part of the entire length of the joining length.
  • the gap portion having the maximum width as described above, even if the gap exceeds 0.5 mm, if the diameter is less than the diameter of the protruding portion 3d, the entire region in the plate thickness direction of the butted portion is frictionally stirred.
  • the two metal plates 1 and 2 are joined in the entire thickness direction of the butted portion B.
  • the effect of joining by friction stirring over the entire thickness direction of the butt portion becomes more remarkable. Therefore, when the bonding strength is evaluated over the entire length of the bonding length, it is possible to perform bonding with higher strength and higher reliability than the test example in which the gap of the butt portion is constant over the entire length of the bonding length. .
  • At least one of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4, for example, the first rotary tool 3, is moved by position control with respect to the thickness direction of the metal plate to a predetermined insertion depth before the start of friction stir welding. Then, while maintaining the insertion depth of the rotary tool 3, the rotary tools 3 and 4 are sent to the side end surfaces 1b and 2b at the start of joining of the two metal plates 1 and 2 by position control in the joining progress direction.
  • the friction stir welding is started, and after the friction stir welding is started, the load is switched to the constant load control for controlling the insertion position of the rotary tool 3 so that the load of the rotary tool 3 becomes a predetermined value, and the friction stir welding ends.
  • the position is switched to position control for maintaining the insertion position of the rotating tool 3 at that time, and the joint end portion is passed.
  • the rotating tool on the opposite side for example, the second rotating tool 4 is preferably moved by position control.
  • the amount of insertion of the protrusion 3d of the first rotary tool 3 into the recess 4d of the second rotary tool 4 according to the minute variation of the gap between the butted portions of the metal plates 1 and 2 is achieved.
  • friction stir welding can be performed from both sides without fixing the distance between the upper and lower shoulder surfaces 3b, 4b. This avoids fluctuations in the contact pressure between the shoulder surface and the metal plate joint surface due to minute fluctuations in the gap between the butted portions of the metal plates 1 and 2, suppresses fluctuations in the amount of frictional heat, and lowers the quality of the joint. (Joint failure) can be prevented and highly reliable joining can be achieved.
  • the protrusion 3d of the first rotary tool 3 is inserted into the recess 4d of the second rotary tool 4 in accordance with the thickness of the metal plates 1 and 2,
  • a metal plate with a thickness within the range of the length of the protrusion 3d from both sides and the entire range of the abutting part B from both sides simultaneously bonding defects are suppressed, bonding strength is high, and friction is high.
  • Stir welding can be performed.
  • the robustness of the joint strength with respect to the gap of the butt portion is improved by performing friction stir welding on the entire thickness direction of the butt portion B from both surfaces of the metal plates 1 and 2 at the same time.
  • first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are arranged such that the leading end portions of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 precede the rear end portion in the moving direction of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4.
  • the axis 15 of each of the rotary tools 3 and 4 is tilted, most of the burrs (surplus of stirring) are immediately backfilled in the gap G of the butt B, so that the generation of burrs is suppressed and the appearance of the product is improved. Maintained and product yield is increased.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a double-sided friction stir welding method according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction similar to FIG. In the drawing, members equivalent to those in FIG.
  • the two metal plates 1 and 2 have different thicknesses, and a step is formed at the butt portion B.
  • a case where the axis 15 of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 is not tilted will be described.
  • the plate thickness can be reduced without tilting the axis 15 of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4.
  • the excessive stirring on the thick side tends to occur as burrs.
  • a gap G is formed in the abutting portion B, and the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 are simultaneously friction stir welded from both sides. Most of it is immediately backfilled in the gap G of the butt B. For this reason, generation
  • matching part B is backfilled, it can suppress the reduction
  • the present inventors conducted a test of simultaneous friction stir welding from both sides according to the present invention when the thicknesses of the two metal plates are different.
  • the gap between the butted portions was 0 mm
  • the surplus stirring on the thick side was discharged as burrs.
  • the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 are moved to the butting portion B.
  • the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 have their leading ends leading in the moving direction of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 with respect to the rear end portion. It is preferable that the axis 15 of each of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 is inclined.
  • the leading end portions of the first and second rotating tools are the first to the trailing end portion.
  • the respective axes of the first and second rotary tools so as to lead in the direction of movement of the first and second rotary tools
  • the two metal plates having different thicknesses The first and second rotations so that the shoulder surfaces of the shoulder portions of the first and second rotating tools are in contact with both surfaces of the two metal plates having different thicknesses. It is preferable to incline the axis of the rotary tool located on the side having at least a step in the tool.
  • the thickness of the two metal plates is different, and the bonding strength when the butt portion has a step can be further increased.
  • the generation of burrs is suppressed, the product yield is increased, and the burrs are once buried in the gaps between the butt portions, so that the reduction of the joint thickness can be suppressed.
  • the front end portions of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 arranged so as to face each other are the first and second rotary tools of the first and second rotary tools.
  • An example in which the respective shaft centers of the first and second rotary tools are inclined so as to precede the moving direction and friction stir welding is simultaneously performed from both surfaces will be described.
  • FIG. 11 shows the positional relationship between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 and the metal plates 1 and 2 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the tool moving direction in a state during bonding. The cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in the state of joining is the same as FIG. 10 described above when the rotary tool is not tilted.
  • the metal plates 1 and 2 were set so that no step was generated on the lower surface of the butt B.
  • the dimensions of the first and second rotary tools used in the confirmation test are shown below.
  • the diameter of the shoulder surface 3b of the first rotating tool 3 was 8 mm
  • the diameter of the protrusion 3d was 2.6 mm
  • the length of the protrusion 3d was 2.5 mm.
  • the diameter of the shoulder surface 4b of the second rotary tool 4 is 8 mm, which is the same as that of the first rotary tool 3, and the inner diameter of the recessed portion 4d is 4 mm.
  • the axis 15 is tilted so that the front end portions of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 precede the rear end portion in the joining progress direction, and the inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the same 2 degrees. did.
  • the rotation directions of the first rotating tool 3 and the second rotating tool 4 were opposite to each other.
  • matching part was rotated so that the metal plate 1 with a thin plate
  • Both sides of the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 were subjected to double-side friction stir welding with a rotational speed of 1000 rpm and a moving speed (joining speed) of 4 m / min.
  • a cross-sectional observation and a 180-degree bending test were performed on the manufactured joint, and the soundness of the joint was evaluated. As a result of cross-sectional observation, it was found that a bonded portion having no defect was obtained. In the bending test, it was confirmed that no crack was generated and a sound joint could be produced.
  • the shape of the cross section of the joint is shown as a conceptual diagram in FIG.
  • the position of the joint portion J and the metal plate 1 adjacent to the joint portion J was near the center of the metal plate 2 in the thickness direction. This is presumably because the position of the joint has moved to the vicinity of the center in the thickness direction due to the balance of the pressing force applied by the vertical rotation tools 3 and 4.
  • the first rotating tool 3 located on the stepped side of the abutting portion was rotated so that the thick metal plate 2 was on the advanced side and joined.
  • the rotation directions of the first and second rotating tools 3 and 4 were opposite to each other.
  • the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 were joined at a rotational speed of 1000 rpm and a moving speed (joining speed) of 4 m / min.
  • a cross-sectional observation and a 180-degree bending test were performed on the manufactured joint, and the soundness of the joint was evaluated. As a result of cross-sectional observation, it was found that a bonded portion having no defect was obtained. In the bending test, it was confirmed that no crack was generated and a sound joint could be produced.
  • FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show the positional relationship between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 and the metal plates 1 and 2 in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view in the direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in a state during bonding
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the tool movement direction in a state during bonding.
  • the metal plates 1 and 2 were set with the center of the plate thickness aligned so that steps were formed on both the upper side and the lower side of the butt B.
  • Example 1 Using the metal plates 1 and 2 and the rotation tools 3 and 4 described in Example 1, the rotation directions of the vertical rotation tools 3 and 4 were set to be opposite to each other in the same manner as in Example 1. A cross-sectional observation and a 180-degree bending test were performed on the produced joint, and it was confirmed that a sound joint could be produced. The junction was near the center of the metal plate 2 in the thickness direction as shown in FIG.
  • the thin plate thickness of the metal plates 1 and 2 is 2 mm or more, a sound joint can be produced even if the vertical rotation tools 3 and 4 are rotated in the same direction.
  • FIG. 15 shows the positional relationship between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 and the metal plates 1 and 2 in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in a state of being joined.
  • the positional relationship between the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the rotating direction of the upper and lower tools is set in the reverse direction, and the first rotating tool 3 located on the side where the butt portion has a step is provided.
  • the metal plate 1 having a thin plate thickness was rotated so as to be on the advanced side, and friction stir welding was performed simultaneously on both sides.
  • the vertical rotary tools 3 and 4 are tilted in the moving direction (bonding progress direction), and the first rotary tool 3 located on the stepped side of the butting portion is tilted toward the thin metal plate 1 side.
  • the shoulder surfaces 3b, 4b of the rotary tools 3, 4 are substantially in contact with the surfaces of the thick metal plate 2 and the thin metal plate 1 in a side view in the moving direction.
  • the rotation speeds of the vertical rotation tools 3 and 4 were both 1000 rpm, and the moving speed (joining speed) was 2 m / min, 4 m and 6 m / min.
  • a cross-sectional observation and a 180-degree bending test were performed on the manufactured joint, and the soundness of the joint was evaluated. As a result of cross-sectional observation, it was found that a defect-free joint was obtained for any joint. In the bending test, it was confirmed that no crack was generated and a sound joint could be produced.
  • the shape of the cross section of the joint is shown as a conceptual diagram in FIG.
  • the position of the joint portion J and the metal plate 1 adjacent to the joint portion J is substantially the same as the position of the bottom surface of the metal plate 2 in the thickness direction, and is different from the shape of the cross section of the joint portion shown in FIG. This is presumably because the rotating tool 3 on the stepped side is inclined to the thin plate side and the thin metal plate 1 is pressed downward so that the position of the joint portion is located near the bottom surface.
  • it is also possible to perform the joining by positioning the rotary tool 4 having the recess 4d on the side having the step.
  • FIG. 18 shows the positional relationship between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 and the metal plates 1 and 2 in the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in a state of being joined.
  • the metal plates 1 and 2 were set with the plate thickness centers aligned so that a step would be formed on both sides of the butt portion B. Further, the vertical rotation tools 3 and 4 are tilted in the moving direction (bonding progress direction), and the rotary tool 3 located on the stepped side of the abutting portion is tilted to the thin metal plate 1 side.
  • the protruding portion 3d is in the vicinity of the butted end surfaces of the two metal plates 1 and 2 I pushed it in.
  • the position of the metal plate 1 adjacent to the joint J and the joint J is near the center of the metal plate 2 in the thickness direction, and is similar to the shape of the cross section of the joint shown in FIG. As in Example 1 and Example 3, it is considered that the position of the joint is near the center in the thickness direction due to the balance of the pressing force of the vertical rotation tool.
  • FIG. 19 shows the positional relationship between the first and second rotary tools 3 and 4 and the metal plates 1 and 2 in the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the tool movement direction in a state during bonding.
  • the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 were set so as not to cause a step at the upper part of the butted portion.
  • Example 7 the positions of the first and second rotating tools are reversed with respect to the front and back surfaces of the butting portion, the vertical rotating tools 3 and 4 are tilted in the moving direction (joining progress direction), and the level difference of the butting portion is
  • the first rotating tool 3 located on a certain side (lower side) is inclined to the thin metal plate 1 side, and the shoulder surfaces 3b and 4b of the rotating tools 3 and 4 are seen in a side view in the moving direction of the rotating tools 1 and 2, respectively.
  • the thick metal plate 2 and the thin metal plate 1 were substantially in contact with each other.
  • the shape of the cross section of the joint is shown as a conceptual diagram in FIG.
  • the position of the metal plate 1 adjacent to the joint J and the joint J substantially matches the position of the bottom surface in the thickness direction of the metal plate 2 and is different from the shape of the cross section of the joint shown in FIG. This is presumably because the rotating tool on the side with the step is inclined to the thin plate side and the thin plate is pressed upward, so that the position of the joint portion is located near the upper surface.

Abstract

Selon l'invention, pour effectuer un soudage par friction-malaxage à double face, même lorsque l'espace entre les parties aboutées de deux tôles excède 0,5 mm, la solidité de la soudure est augmentée par la suppression du défaut de soudage, l'économie est améliorée par la suppression de l'accroissement du coût de l'équipement, et le rendement de la production est amélioré. Des premier et second outils rotatifs (3, 4) ont respectivement des corps principaux d'outils (3a, 4a). Des parties épaulements (3c, 4c) sont respectivement formées aux parties pointes des corps principaux d'outils (3a, 4a). Le premier outil rotatif (3) comprend en outre une partie saillante (3d) formée de manière à faire saillie sur la partie pointe du corps principal d'outil. Le second outil rotatif (4) comprend aussi une partie renfoncée (4d) formée dans la partie pointe du corps principal d'outil et qui reçoit la pointe de la partie saillante (3d) lors du soudage de deux tôles (1, 2). Dans un état où un espace plus court que le diamètre de la partie saillante est formé entre les parties aboutées (B), qui est obtenu en amenant les faces terminales des tôles (1, 2) à se faire face, les tôles (1, 2) sont serrées par des dispositifs de serrage (5, 6), la pointe de la partie saillante (3d) de l'outil rotatif est introduite dans la partie renfoncée (4d) de l'outil rotatif et les tôles sont soudées par soudage par friction-malaxage sur toutes les surfaces des parties aboutées dans la direction de l'épaisseur des tôles.
PCT/JP2010/065152 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 Procédé de soudage par friction-malaxage à double face pour tôles présentant un espace entre les parties aboutées WO2012029175A1 (fr)

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JP2010549991A JP4838389B1 (ja) 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 突合せ部に隙間のある金属板の両面摩擦攪拌接合方法
PCT/JP2010/065152 WO2012029175A1 (fr) 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 Procédé de soudage par friction-malaxage à double face pour tôles présentant un espace entre les parties aboutées
CN201080068383.6A CN103052463B (zh) 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 在对接部存在间隙的金属板的双面摩擦搅拌接合方法

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CN102601516A (zh) * 2012-03-29 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 双面对称搅拌摩擦焊接方法
EP3144094A1 (fr) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-22 The Boeing Company Système de soudage par friction
JP2017159340A (ja) * 2016-03-11 2017-09-14 国立大学法人大阪大学 マグネシウム合金材の接合方法
US10259085B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2019-04-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Friction stir welding method and friction stir welding apparatus

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AU2012369243B2 (en) * 2012-02-09 2015-02-05 Esab Ab Backing arrangement for use in friction stir welding
JP6155155B2 (ja) 2013-09-27 2017-06-28 三菱重工業株式会社 摩擦撹拌工具、摩擦撹拌接合装置及び摩擦撹拌接合方法
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