WO2012026476A1 - 風味と物性の良い乳性飲料およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
風味と物性の良い乳性飲料およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012026476A1 WO2012026476A1 PCT/JP2011/068999 JP2011068999W WO2012026476A1 WO 2012026476 A1 WO2012026476 A1 WO 2012026476A1 JP 2011068999 W JP2011068999 W JP 2011068999W WO 2012026476 A1 WO2012026476 A1 WO 2012026476A1
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- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 235000020185 raw untreated milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 73
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000020124 milk-based beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019543 dairy drink Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims 21
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 139
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- YQHPCDPFXQXCMV-VIFPVBQESA-N (2s)-2-amino-6-[[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]amino]hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCNCC(=O)C1=CC=CO1 YQHPCDPFXQXCMV-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOEGQXCAXOUFHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furosin Natural products OC1C2OC(=O)C(C=3C4C5(O)O)=CC(O)=C(O)C=3OC5(O)C(=O)C=C4C(=O)OC1C(CO)OC2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZOEGQXCAXOUFHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N lactulose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000511 lactulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactulose keto form Natural products OCC(=O)C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002960 lipid emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020121 low-fat milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel milk beverage, particularly a milk beverage excellent in flavor, and a method for producing the same.
- the flavor is adjusted by setting the furosine content, the lactulose content, the rennetability, the absorbance, and the average particle size of the fat particles within a predetermined range.
- Patent Document 3 has been proposed (Patent Document 3), but it is necessary to study and adjust a large number of factors for the flavor, and thus cannot be said to be complicated and practical. In addition, the flavor itself was not sufficient to meet the diverse needs of consumers.
- a vegetable oil / fat emulsion composition is produced by mixing a high-pressure homogenized emulsion and a low-pressure homogenized emulsion to produce a wide range of fat and oil particle size distributions.
- Patent Document 4 which is intended to achieve a dairy-like flavor using raw material components that are not dairy products, and to improve the flavor of dairy beverages that already have a rich flavor. It has not been considered for improvement, and it has not been able to meet the diverse needs of consumers for the flavor of dairy beverages.
- JP-A-10-295341 JP 2001-78665 A JP 2005-46140 A JP-A-10-127245
- an object of the present invention is to provide a milk beverage having an improved flavor without adjusting the components of the milk beverage.
- the inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies and focused on the relationship between the fat particle diameter (fat globule diameter) and the flavor, and a milk beverage having a fat particle diameter that gives a rich feeling, As a result of further finding out that the flavor can be freely designed by mixing with a milk beverage having a fat particle size that gives a refreshing feeling, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention relates to the following dairy beverages and methods for producing the same, methods for improving the flavor of dairy beverages, and methods for improving fat particle dispersibility of dairy beverages.
- a dairy beverage containing a fat component showing at least two peaks (vertices) in the particle size distribution of fat particles.
- [5] The dairy drink according to any one of [2] to [4], wherein the bottom between the peaks is in the range of more than 0.6 ⁇ m and less than 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the fat particles in the range of 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 0.6 ⁇ m or less are 30 to 60% by volume of the fat in the dairy beverage, and the fat particles in the range of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 1.4 ⁇ m or less are milk.
- the dairy drink according to any one of [1] to [6] which does not contain an emulsifier.
- the dairy beverage according to [7] which is milk, component-adjusted milk or processed milk.
- [12] The method for producing a dairy beverage according to any one of [1] to [11], (1) A step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare first raw milk having one peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles; (2) a step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare second raw milk having a peak different from that of the first raw milk in the particle size distribution of the fat particles; (3) The said manufacturing method including the process of mixing 1st raw milk and 2nd raw milk.
- the flavor improvement method of a dairy drink including the process of mixing 1st raw milk and 2nd raw milk.
- a step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare first raw milk having one peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles (2) a step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare second raw milk having a peak different from that of the first raw milk in the particle size distribution of the fat particles; (3) A method for improving fat particle dispersibility of a dairy beverage, comprising a step of mixing first raw milk and second raw milk.
- the flavor of the milk beverage can be improved without changing the composition of the milk beverage.
- the fat particles' floatability and (re) dispersibility are stable and flavor.
- a dairy beverage excellent in physical properties and quality can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of component-unadjusted milk showing a single peak.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing sensory evaluation of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an image diagram of the particle size distribution of the milk of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an image diagram of the particle size distribution of the milk of the present invention.
- the dairy beverage according to the present invention contains a fat component that exhibits at least two peaks in the particle distribution of fat particles. More preferably, the dairy beverage according to the present invention exhibits two peaks.
- “dairy beverage” means a beverage containing raw milk, etc. as a raw material, in particular a milk fat content.
- the particle size distribution of the fat particles is a distribution showing the dispersion of the particle size of the fat particles in the fat content present in the milk beverage, and is not particularly limited as long as such distribution is shown, for example, It can be represented by a curve of the existence ratio value with respect to the particle diameter axis of the fat particles.
- the abundance ratio can be typically shown by using volume%, area%, weight%, number%, and the like.
- the peak (vertex) in the particle size distribution of fat particles is the maximum value in the upwardly convex curve shown for the entire range or arbitrary range of the particle size axis (horizontal axis) of the fat particles in the particle size distribution ( It indicates that there are many protruding fat particles with a specific particle diameter.
- the dairy beverage of the present invention preferably has a refreshing (crisp) flavor, and is preferably in the range of 0.40 ⁇ m to 0.70 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.40 ⁇ m to 0.60 ⁇ m, and still more preferably.
- a refreshing (crisp) flavor is preferably in the range of 0.40 ⁇ m to 0.70 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.40 ⁇ m to 0.60 ⁇ m, and still more preferably.
- it is preferably in the range of 1.00 ⁇ m to 1.40 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.10 ⁇ m to 1.
- the particle size distribution of fat particles having a peak in the range of 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 1.20 ⁇ m to 1.30 ⁇ m.
- the present invention shows at least two peaks in the particle size distribution of fat particles, that is, by containing a large amount of fat particles having a small particle size and fat particles having a large particle size, respectively,
- the rich feeling due to the large fat particles can give a coexisting and delicious flavor without canceling each other.
- fat particles having a small particle size coexist with fat particles having a large particle size in order to stabilize the dispersibility of the fat particles.
- the distance between the peaks in the particle size distribution of the fat particles is farther, the flavor of richness (brightness) and refreshingness (brightness) is more clearly conspicuous.
- the distance between peaks is typically 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, More preferably, they are 0.7 micrometer or more and 1.0 micrometer or less, Most preferably, they are 0.8 micrometer or more and 1.0 micrometer or more.
- the bottom in the particle size distribution of the fat particles is the bottom of the particle size distribution as shown for the entire range or any range of the particle size axis (horizontal axis) of the fat particles, typically between two peaks. This is the minimum value (bottom point of the curve) in the convex curve, and indicates that the smallest number of fat particles having a specific particle diameter exists between two peaks.
- the bottom between peaks in a predetermined range it is possible to make the flavor stand out and to stabilize the fat particles.
- the bottom between the peaks exists, for example, in the range of more than 0.6 ⁇ m and less than 1.0 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of more than 0.65 ⁇ m and less than 0.95 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of more than 0.7 ⁇ m and less than 0.9 ⁇ m.
- the fat particles in the milk beverage is fat particles having a small particle size, and 30 to 60% by volume is fat particles having a large particle size. More specifically, the fat particles in the range of 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 0.6 ⁇ m or less are 30 to 60% by volume of the fat in the milk beverage, and the fat particles in the range of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 1.4 ⁇ m or less.
- the fat content in the milk beverage is preferably 10 to 40% by volume.
- the milk beverage of the present invention preferably does not contain additives for improving flavor and physical stability, such as emulsifiers and stabilizers.
- the milk beverage of the present invention is preferably milk, component-adjusted milk or processed milk, and more preferably a beverage using only raw milk as a raw material.
- the milk beverage of the present invention includes, for example, first raw milk in which the average particle size of fat particles of at least 30 to 60% by volume of fat in raw milk is adjusted to a range of 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.6 ⁇ m, and raw milk It can be produced by mixing with the second raw milk adjusted to at least 10 to 40% by volume of the fat content therein.
- the mixing ratio of the first raw milk and the second raw milk can be set to about 1: 0.4 to 1: 0.8.
- the mixing ratio of the first raw milk and the second raw milk can be set to about 1: 1.2 to 1: 1.6.
- the dairy beverage of the present invention is (1) A step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare first raw milk having one peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles; (2) a step of atomizing fat particles contained in raw milk to prepare second raw milk having a peak different from that of the first raw milk in the particle size distribution of the fat particles; (3) It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including a step of mixing first raw milk and second raw milk.
- the atomization treatment is to adjust the size (size) of the fat particles so as to show a peak in the particle size distribution, and such treatment is not particularly limited.
- a homogenizer or the like examples include homogenization, membrane emulsification with a filter, emulsification with a homomixer, and dispersion with a homodisper or a static mixer.
- this invention can improve a flavor by combining raw milk which has a predetermined fat particle diameter.
- flavors such as a rich feeling (brightness) and a refreshing feeling (crispness) can be improved (adjusted).
- this invention can improve the fat particle dispersibility of a dairy drink by combining raw milk which has a predetermined fat particle diameter.
- Reference Example 1 Sensory evaluation of unadjusted milk (flavor test) showing a single peak in the particle size distribution of fat particles
- the homogenizer homogenizer pressure was adjusted to show one peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles.
- the average fat particle size was about 0.4 ⁇ m (dimension: small), 0.6 ⁇ m (dimension: medium), 0. Milk having a size of 8 ⁇ m (control) and 1.3 ⁇ m (size: large) was prepared.
- the average fat particle size was measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter (Shimadzu Corporation: SALD-2000).
- Milk with an average fat particle size of 0.8 ⁇ m (control) is set to a numerical value of “1” as a criterion for sensory evaluation, and the flavor of milk is rich (rich), refreshed (crisp), and comprehensively evaluated. Compared. The results are shown in FIG. 1 (panelists: 28 people). When the fat particle size of milk was increased, the richness (brightness) improved. When the fat particle size of milk was reduced, the refreshing feeling (crisis) was improved, but the overall evaluation was lowered.
- Example 1 Preparation and sensory evaluation (flavor test) of milk having a plurality of peaks
- it maintains a rich feeling while maintaining a rich feeling. (Kire) improved FIG. 2, panelists: 28 people).
- C1 (0.40 ⁇ m)
- C2 (1.30 ⁇ m) 70%: 30% to produce (preparation) milk having a fat particle size distribution composed of a plurality (two) of peaks.
- it has a richness (brightness) and a refreshing feeling (brightness).
- the conventional milk prepared in Reference Example 1 which shows a single peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles and the average fat particle size is 0.8 ⁇ m, while maintaining a refreshing feeling (crisp) sufficiently,
- the richness (brightness) could be improved (FIG. 5, panelists: 20 people).
- F1 having an average fat particle diameter adjusted to 0.60 ⁇ m by homogenization
- the conventional milk prepared in Reference Example 1 which shows a single peak in the particle size distribution of the fat particles and the average fat particle size is 0.8 ⁇ m, while maintaining a refreshing feeling (crisp) sufficiently,
- the richness (brightness) could be improved (FIG. 7, panelists: 29 people).
- Example 2 Evaluation of floatability of milk fat particles (NIZO test) Method for evaluating the floatability of fat particles (fat globules) (NIZO test): Control sample A (0.80 ⁇ m) and control sample B (1.20 ⁇ m) having a single peak, and sample A having a twin peak in Example 1 , B, E and F were collected in a dedicated container and centrifuged (276 G, 30 minutes, 60 ° C.), and then the lower 20 mL of the fat concentration was measured, relative to the sample fat concentration. The fat remaining rate (equivalent to storage for 4 months) is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Sample A and Sample B prepared in Example 1 both show a single peak in the particle size distribution of fat particles prepared in Reference Example 1 and have an average fat particle size of 0.8 ⁇ m. It was shown to have the same degree of fat dispersibility.
- Example 3 Evaluation of dispersibility of fat particles in milk (physical property test)
- Sample G Milk (G1) having a mode fat particle diameter adjusted to 0.40 ⁇ m by homogenization and milk (G2) having a mode fat particle diameter adjusted to 1.30 ⁇ m by homogenization
- G1 (0.40 ⁇ m): G2 (1.30 ⁇ m) 50%: 50% was mixed to produce (prepared) milk having a fat particle size distribution composed of a plurality (two) of peaks.
- Example 4 Particle size distribution of fat particles of milk
- a dairy drink with improved flavor of the dairy drink without changing the composition of the conventional dairy drink. More specifically, it is possible to provide a dairy drink having good flavor and physical properties, which has stable fat particle floatability and (re) dispersibility while having both a rich feeling and a refreshing feeling.
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Abstract
Description
そこで、原料成分の追加をすることなく、乳性飲料の風味の改善を達成するために、乳性飲料の加熱殺菌の前または後に脱酸素処理を行い、加熱臭を抑制する方法が提案されているが(特許文献1および特許文献2)、これは風味の劣化を防止することによって、風味を向上させるものであった。
したがって、本発明の課題は、乳性飲料の成分を調整することなく、風味の改善した乳性飲料を提供することにある。
[1]脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、少なくとも2つのピーク(頂点)を示す脂肪分を含む、乳性飲料。
[2]ピークが2つである、[1]に記載の乳性飲料。
[3]ピークが、0.4μm以上0.6μm以下の範囲および1.0μm以上1.4μm以下の範囲に存在する、[1]または[2]に記載の乳性飲料。
[4]ピーク間の距離が、0.4μm以上1.0μm以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
[5]ピーク間のボトムが、0.6μm超1.0μm未満の範囲に存在する、[2]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
[6]0.4μm以上0.6μm以下の範囲の脂肪粒子が、乳性飲料中の脂肪分の30~60体積%であり、1.0μm以上1.4μm以下の範囲の脂肪粒子が、乳性飲料中の脂肪分の10~40体積%である、[3]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
[7]乳化剤を含有しない、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
[8]牛乳、成分調整牛乳または加工乳である、[7]に記載の乳性飲料。
[10]第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合が、1:0.4~1:0.8である、[9]に記載の乳性飲料。
[11]第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合が、1:1.2~1:1.6である、[9]に記載の乳性飲料。
[12]前記[1]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料の製造方法であって、
(1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程
を含む、前記製造方法。
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程
を含む、乳性飲料の風味改善方法。
[14](1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程
を含む、乳性飲料の脂肪粒子分散性の改善方法。
ここで「乳性飲料」とは、生乳などを原料とした脂肪分、とくに乳脂肪分を有する飲料を意味し、「乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令」に規定される「乳及び乳製品並びにこれらを主要原料とする食品」のうち、飲料であるものを包含し得る。より具体的には、成分無調整の牛乳および特別牛乳、成分調整牛乳、低脂肪牛乳、加工乳ならびに乳飲料などを含む。
脂肪粒子の粒子径分布におけるピーク(頂点)とは、粒子径分布において、脂肪粒子の粒子径軸(横軸)の全範囲または任意の範囲に対して示される上に凸の曲線における極大値(曲線の頂点)のことであり、特定の粒子径の脂肪粒子が突出して多く存在することを示すものである。
本発明において、ピーク間のボトムを所定の範囲に設けることによって、風味を際立たせるとともに、脂肪粒子の安定化を得ることができる。ピーク間のボトムは、例えば、0.6μm超1.0μm未満の範囲、好ましくは、0.65μm超0.95μm未満の範囲より好ましくは、0.7μm超0.9μm未満の範囲に存在する。
ここで、濃厚感(コク)の風味を高めるためには、例えば、第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合を1:0.4~1:0.8程度にすることによって可能である。
また、スッキリ感(キレ)の風味を高めるためには、例えば、第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合を1:1.2~1:1.6程度にすることによって可能である。
(1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程
を含む製造方法によって製造することができる。
(1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程
を含む方法によって、濃厚感(コク)およびスッキリ感(キレ)などの風味を改善(調整)することができる。
(1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程、
を含む方法によって、乳性飲料の脂肪粒子分散性を改善(調整)することができる。
ホモゲナイザーの均質圧力を調整し、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径がそれぞれ、約0.4μm(寸法:小)、0.6μm(寸法:中)、0.8μm(対照)、1.3μm(寸法:大)である牛乳を用意した。なお、平均脂肪粒子径については、レーザー回折式粒度分布計(島津製作所:SALD-2000)により測定した。
平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μm(対照)の牛乳を、官能評価の基準として、数値で「1」に設定し、牛乳の風味を、濃厚感(コク)、スッキリ感(キレ)、総合評価で比較した。結果を図1に示す(パネラー:28名)。
牛乳の脂肪粒子径を大きくすると、濃厚感(コク)は向上した。牛乳の脂肪粒子径を小さくすると、スッキリ感(キレ)は向上したが、総合評価は低下した。
サンプルA:均質化処理により、平均脂肪粒子径が0.45μmに調整された牛乳(A1)と、均質化処理により、平均脂肪粒子径が1.30μmに調整された牛乳(A2)とを、A1(0.45μm):A2(1.30μm)=57%:43%で混合し、脂肪粒子径の分布が複数(2個)のピークから構成された牛乳を製造(調製)した。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、濃厚感(コク)を維持しながら、スッキリ感(キレ)が向上した(図2、パネラー:28名)。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、スッキリ感(キレ)を維持しながら、濃厚感(コク)が向上した(図3、パネラー:28名)。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、濃厚感(コク)およびスッキリ感(キレ)が向上した(図4、パネラー:20名)。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、スッキリ感(キレ)を十分に維持しながら、濃厚感(コク)を向上できた(図5、パネラー:20名)。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、濃厚感(コク)や甘味の低下を抑えながら、スッキリ感(キレ)を向上できた(図6、パネラー:19名)。
参考例1において調製した、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において単一のピークを示し、平均脂肪粒子径が0.8μmである従来の牛乳と比較し、スッキリ感(キレ)を十分に維持しながら、濃厚感(コク)を向上できた(図7、パネラー:29名)。
脂肪粒子(脂肪球)の浮上性の評価方法(NIZOテスト):シングルピークを有する対照サンプルA(0.80μm)および対照サンプルB(1.20μm)ならびに、実施例1においてツインピークを有するサンプルA、B、EおよびFのそれぞれ25mLを専用の容器に採取し、遠心分離処理(276G、30分、60℃)した後に、下層の20mLの脂肪濃度を測定して、試料の脂肪濃度と相対的に評価することで、脂肪残存率(4ヶ月保存相当)を計算する。その結果を表1に示す。
サンプルG:均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が0.40μmに調整された牛乳(G1)と、均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が1.30μmに調整された牛乳(G2)とを、G1(0.40μm):G2(1.30μm)=50%:50%で混合し、脂肪粒子径の分布が複数(2個)のピークから構成された牛乳を製造(調製)した。
サンプルH:均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が0.40μmに調整された牛乳(H1)と、均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が1.40μmに調整された牛乳(H2)とを、H1(0.40μm):H2(1.40μm)=50%:50%で混合し、脂肪粒子径の分布が複数(2個)のピークから構成された牛乳を製造(調製)した。
サンプルI:均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が0.40μmに調整された牛乳(I1)と、均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が1.40μmに調整された牛乳(I2)とを、I1(0.40μm):I2(1.40μm)=43%:57%で混合し、脂肪粒子径の分布が複数(2個)のピークから構成された牛乳を製造(調製)した。
実施例3において調製した、サンプルHのイメージ分布図(図7)およびサンプルGのイメージ分布図I(図8)を、均質化処理により、モード脂肪粒子径が0.40μmに調整された牛乳(粒子径小)および、モード脂肪粒子径が1.40μmに調整された牛乳(粒子径大)の粒子径分布図を基に、シミュレーションにより作成した。
Claims (14)
- 脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、少なくとも2つのピークを示す脂肪分を含む、乳性飲料。
- ピークが2つである、請求項1に記載の乳性飲料。
- ピークが、0.4μm以上0.6μm以下の範囲および1.0μm以上1.4μm以下の範囲に存在する、請求項1または2に記載の乳性飲料。
- ピーク間の距離が、0.4μm以上1.0μm以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
- ピーク間のボトムが、0.6μm超1.0μm未満の範囲に存在する、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
- 0.4μm以上0.6μm以下の範囲の脂肪粒子が、乳性飲料中の脂肪分の30~60体積%であり、1.0μm以上1.4μm以下の範囲の脂肪粒子が、乳性飲料中の脂肪分の10~40体積%である、請求項3~5のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
- 乳化剤を含有しない、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料。
- 牛乳、成分調整牛乳または加工乳である、請求項7に記載の乳性飲料。
- 生乳中の脂肪分の少なくとも30~60体積%の脂肪粒子の平均粒子径を0.4μm以上0.6μm以下の範囲に調整した第一の生乳と、生乳中の脂肪分の少なくとも10~40体積%の脂肪粒子の平均粒子径を1.0μm以上1.4μm以下の範囲に調整した第二の生乳とを混合してなる、乳性飲料。
- 第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合が、1:0.4~1:0.8である、請求項9に記載の乳性飲料。
- 第一の生乳と第二の生乳の混合割合が、1:1.2~1:1.6である、請求項9に記載の乳性飲料。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の乳性飲料の製造方法であって、
(1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程、
を含む、前記製造方法。 - (1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程、
を含む、乳性飲料の風味改善方法。 - (1)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、1つのピークを有する第一の生乳を調製する工程、
(2)生乳に含まれる脂肪粒子を微粒化処理して、脂肪粒子の粒子径分布において、第一の生乳とは異なるピークを有する第二の生乳を調製する工程、
(3)第一の生乳と第二の生乳とを混合する工程、
を含む、乳性飲料の脂肪粒子分散性の改善方法。
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CN201180040084.6A CN103237455B (zh) | 2010-08-25 | 2011-08-24 | 风味和物性优良的乳性饮料及其制造方法 |
EP11819939.7A EP2609810A4 (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2011-08-24 | MILK DRINK WITH GOOD TASTE AND GOOD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE |
US13/818,321 US20130266711A1 (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2011-08-24 | Dairy beverage having good flavor and good physical properties and method for producing same |
JP2012530684A JP6174319B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 | 2011-08-24 | 風味と物性の良い乳性飲料およびその製造方法 |
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KR20160138224A (ko) | 2014-03-27 | 2016-12-02 | 아지노모토 가부시키가이샤 | 밀크와 같은 부드러움이나 깊은 맛을 부여하는 조성물 |
WO2017078114A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-11 | 株式会社明治 | 乳性飲料及びその製造方法 |
WO2019240239A1 (ja) | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | 三菱ケミカルフーズ株式会社 | 水中油型ピッカリングエマルション |
WO2022039222A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | 株式会社明治 | Dha含有乳飲料およびその製造方法 |
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HK1183409A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
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CN103237455B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
US20130266711A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
JP6174319B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
CA2809390A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
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JPWO2012026476A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
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