WO2012017913A1 - 複合溶接方法及び複合溶接用の溶接トーチ - Google Patents
複合溶接方法及び複合溶接用の溶接トーチ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012017913A1 WO2012017913A1 PCT/JP2011/067272 JP2011067272W WO2012017913A1 WO 2012017913 A1 WO2012017913 A1 WO 2012017913A1 JP 2011067272 W JP2011067272 W JP 2011067272W WO 2012017913 A1 WO2012017913 A1 WO 2012017913A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
- B23K9/29—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite welding method and a welding torch for composite welding.
- TIG Torsten Inert Gas Welding
- MIG Metal Inert Gas Welding
- the MAG welding method is a welding method in which an arc is generated between the consumable welding wire electrode and the work piece in the atmosphere of the active gas, and the MIG welding method in the atmosphere of the inert gas.
- the working efficiency is excellent as compared with the TIG welding method, but there is a problem that sputtering is likely to occur.
- the MAG welding method has a problem that the toughness of the weld metal tends to decrease.
- the reason why spatter is likely to occur is that the tip of the welding wire electrode is easily short-circuited with the base material.
- the reason why the toughness is likely to decrease is that the oxidizing gas in the shield gas melts into the weld metal and the amount of oxygen in the weld metal increases.
- TIG-MIG composite welding methods have been proposed to compensate for the disadvantages of both (for example, Patent Document 1).
- an inert gas such as argon or helium as a shielding gas
- the cathode spot is not fixed, and arc wobbling occurs.
- metal vapor is generated by the preceding TIG arc, and an electric flow path is formed there.
- the molten pool generated by the TIG arc has a work function smaller than that of the solid metal and easily emits electrons, so that the cathode spot of the MIG arc is easily fixed to the molten pool.
- TIG-MIG composite welding stable welding is possible even with carbon and stainless steel even in shielding gas using inert gas, and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the weld metal can be reduced. Also, in TIG-MIG composite welding, when the wire of the MIG welding electrode is likely to come into contact with the base material, the wire tip is melted and separated as a droplet by the heating action of the TIG arc. And the occurrence of sputtering can be prevented.
- the TIG-MIG composite welding method is a welding method that can compensate for the drawbacks of TIG welding and MAG (or MIG) welding, but has a particular problem due to the characteristics of arc rigidity.
- the rigidity of the arc refers to the property that the arc tends to be generated straight in the extending direction of the tungsten electrode or the wire even when the electrode is tilted.
- an arc repulsion action is generated by electromagnetic force.
- the conventional TIG-MIG composite welding method has a problem that the arc tends to become unstable due to the arc stiffening action and repulsion action occurring in different directions.
- the arc becomes unstable, there is a problem that bead irregularities and blow holes are likely to occur.
- FIG. 13 shows a general hot wire TIG welding method.
- an arc is not generated from the wire, but welding is performed using resistance heating by wire energization.
- the MIG welding power source of the TIG-MIG combined welding method in which the voltage is controlled at a high voltage (for example, 13 to 30 V) in order to generate an arc between the wire and the base material. Unlike the above, the voltage is controlled to be low (for example, 6 to 7 V).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a composite welding method capable of improving arc stability, welding speed and work efficiency, and a welding torch for composite welding used in the method.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention provides the composite welding method and welding torch described in (1) to (8) as follows.
- a composite welding method in which a TIG arc is generated on the leading side with respect to the welding direction and a MIG arc is generated on the subsequent side to weld the base material, and the TIG current is set larger than the MIG current.
- the absolute value of the distance between the intersection of the central axis of the TIG electrode and the surface of the base material and the intersection of the central axis of the MIG electrode and the surface of the base material is 4 mm or less.
- a welding torch for composite welding characterized by sharing a shielding gas with an arc.
- the TIG current is set larger than the MIG current, and the cathode spot region of the subsequent MIG arc does not become larger than the molten pool formed by the preceding TIG arc. . For this reason, it becomes difficult for the wobbling of the arc to occur, and the stability of the arc can be improved. Further, when the thickness of the base material to be welded is increased, both the TIG and MIG currents can be increased, so that the welding speed and work efficiency can be improved.
- the absolute value of the distance between the intersection of the central axis of the TIG electrode and the surface of the base material and the intersection of the central axis of the MIG electrode and the surface of the base material is 4 mm or less. is there. In this way, in the overlapping portion of the arc generated by generating two arcs close to each other, the electromagnetic force is canceled out, so the total electromagnetic force is reduced, and the effect of arc rigidity is relatively increased. Therefore, the arc stability can be increased.
- the TIG current is set larger than the MIG current, and a gas containing 25% or more of He and the balance being argon gas is used as the shielding gas.
- a gas containing 25% or more of He and the balance being argon gas is used as the shielding gas.
- the TIG electrode and the MIG electrode are arranged in one nozzle body, and the shield gas used in the TIG arc and the MIG arc is shared.
- the apparatus can be miniaturized.
- the two nozzles are integrated into one nozzle, the flow rate of the shield gas can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a welding apparatus used in the composite welding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 indicates a welding torch (a welding torch for composite welding).
- the welding torch 1 includes a nozzle body 2 made of a cylindrical member, a rod-like tungsten electrode 3 disposed on the side preceding the welding direction in the nozzle body 2, and the welding direction in the nozzle body 2.
- the welding wire 4 disposed on the following side and the contact tip 4a for energizing the welding wire 4 are schematically configured.
- the welding torch 1 has a single structure and uses only one type of shield gas (not shown).
- the nozzle body 2 of the welding torch 1 is connected to a shield gas supply source (not shown) that stores the shield gas, and the shield gas from the shield gas supply source is supplied to the nozzle body 2 and is welded from the tip thereof. It is blown out toward a certain base material 5.
- an inert gas such as argon (Ar) or helium (He) can be used, but contains 25% or more of helium (He) and the balance is argon (Ar) gas. It is preferable to use a gas.
- argon (Ar) argon
- He helium
- Ar argon
- the arc is cooled because helium has a high thermal conductivity. Due to the thermal pinch effect caused by this, the current path itself is concentrated at the center of the arc column, and the arc itself contracts in the immediate vicinity of the base material 5. Therefore, the rigidity of the arc is increased, and the arc rigidity is relatively greater than the repulsive action of the arc, thereby improving the stability of the arc.
- the base material 5 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited and can be applied to various materials. Specific examples include nickel alloys, aluminum, magnesium-based materials, copper-based materials, and steel-based materials such as stainless steel and carbon steel. Especially, it is preferable to apply to the steel-type material which had a subject in the welding by TIG welding or MAG welding conventionally.
- the tungsten electrode 3 of the welding torch 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the welding power source 6, a welding current is applied between the base material 5 connected to the positive terminal of the welding power source 6, and a TIG arc is applied to the surface of the base material 5. Is supposed to occur.
- the tungsten electrode (TIG electrode) 3 may have an angle ⁇ formed between the central axis 3 ⁇ / b> A and a normal line inclined toward the traveling direction with respect to the welding direction.
- the TIG arc length M is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type and thickness of the base material 5. Specifically, a range of 2 to 20 mm is preferable.
- the welding wire 4 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the material of the base material to be joined, such as a solid-type wire or a metal-based flux-cored wire. Further, the welding wire 4 is inserted into an inner hole provided in the contact tip 4a and can be fed outward from the tip of the welding torch 1.
- the contact tip 4a is connected to the plus terminal of the welding power source 7, and a welding current is applied between the contact tip 4a and the base material 5 connected to the minus terminal of the welding power source 7, and a MIG arc is generated on the surface of the base material 5. It is supposed to be.
- the welding wire (MIG electrode) 4 may be configured such that the angle ⁇ formed between the central axis 4 ⁇ / b> A and the normal line is inclined to the side opposite to the traveling direction with respect to the welding direction.
- ) of the angle ⁇ formed between the central axis 3A of the tungsten electrode and the normal and the angle ⁇ formed between the central axis 4A of the welding wire and the normal is 30 to A range of 120 ° is desirable.
- the arcs are caused to approach each other in this manner, arc overlapping portions are generated. Then, since the electromagnetic force is canceled at the overlapping portion of the arc, the total electromagnetic force is reduced, and the effect of the arc rigidity is relatively increased and the stability of the arc is increased.
- the upper limit of the total angle was set to 120 °.
- the protruding length N of the welding wire 4 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type and thickness of the base material 5. Specifically, a range of 10 to 30 mm is preferable.
- the welding torch 1 of the present embodiment includes an intersection 3B between the central axis 3A of the tungsten electrode (TIG electrode) 3 and the surface of the base material 5, the central axis 4A of the welding wire (MIG electrode) 4 and the surface of the base material 5.
- the distance to the intersection 4B is defined as the inter-arc distance L
- the absolute value of the inter-arc distance L is 4 mm or less.
- the absolute value of the distance L between the arcs is not limited to the case where the intersection 3B of the preceding TIG is closer to the traveling direction side of the welding direction than the intersection 4B of the subsequent MIG, as shown in FIG. This includes the case where the intersection 4B of the row MIG is closer to the traveling direction of the welding direction than the intersection 3B of the preceding TIG.
- a shield gas is supplied from the illustrated shield gas supply source and sent to the welding torch 1.
- the welding power source 6 is operated to apply a welding current (TIG current) between the tungsten electrode 3 and the base material 5 to generate a TIG arc
- the welding power source 7 is operated to operate the welding wire 4 and the base material.
- a welding current (MIG current) is applied between the two and a MIG arc is generated to perform welding.
- the surface of the base material 5 is heated and melted by the preceding TIG arc to form a molten pool, and the cathode spot of the subsequent MIG arc is formed on the molten pool. Is done.
- the currents of both TIG and MIG must be increased as the thickness of the base material 5 to be welded increases. Therefore, in the composite welding method of the present embodiment, first, the TIG current is set to a large value. As the TIG current increases, the amount of metal vapor generated between the welding torch 1 and the base material 5 increases and the molten pool formed on the surface of the base material 5 increases.
- the MIG current is set to a large value, but in the composite welding method of the present embodiment, the MIG current value is set so as not to exceed the TIG current set value. That is, the TIG current is set larger than the MIG current.
- the bead shape (specifically, the bead toe) becomes unstable.
- the bead shape (specifically, the bead toe) becomes unstable.
- the subsequent MIG current increases, the MIG arc increases and the welding speed increases.
- the value of the preceding TIG current is smaller than the value of the subsequent MIG current, the area of the molten pool on the surface of the base material 5 formed by the TIG arc is narrowed, and the expansion of the MIG arc is the width of the molten pool. That's it.
- the TIG current is set larger than the MIG current, so that the cathode spot region of the subsequent MIG arc is larger than the molten pool formed by the preceding TIG arc. It will not grow. For this reason, it becomes difficult for the wobbling of the arc to occur, and the stability of the arc can be improved. Further, when the thickness of the base material to be welded is increased, both the TIG and MIG currents can be increased, so that the welding speed and work efficiency can be improved.
- the intersection 3B between the central axis 3A of the tungsten electrode (TIG electrode) 3 and the surface of the base material 5 and the center of the welding wire (MIG electrode) 4 are used.
- the absolute value of the inter-arc distance L which is the distance between the axis 4A and the intersection 4B of the surface of the base material 5, is 4 mm or less.
- the overlapping portion between the TIG arc and the MIG arc does not occur, and the arc becomes unstable because of the large electromagnetic force.
- the MIG arc passes, the supply of the metal vapor generated between the welding torch 1 and the base material 5 or the molten pool formed on the surface of the base material 5 becomes insufficient, and the arc is liable to occur. As a result, the bead shape (bead toe) becomes unstable.
- the absolute value of the distance L between the arcs is 4 mm or less, and two arcs of TIG arc and MIG arc are generated close to each other, Arc overlap occurs. Since the electromagnetic force is canceled in this overlapping portion, the total electromagnetic force is reduced, and the arc rigidity action is relatively greater than the arc repulsion action. Therefore, the arc stability is improved.
- the TIG current is set to be larger than the MIG current, and a gas containing 25% or more of He and the balance being argon gas is used as the shielding gas.
- the cathode spot region of the subsequent MIG arc may be larger than the molten pool formed by the preceding TIG arc. Absent. Further, since helium in the shielding gas has a high thermal conductivity, the arc is cooled, and the current path itself is concentrated at the center of the arc column due to the thermal pinch effect, and the arc itself contracts in the immediate vicinity of the base metal. Therefore, the arc rigidity increases, and the arc rigidity action is relatively greater than the arc repulsion action. Therefore, the stability of the arc can be improved.
- the welding torch 1 constituting the welding apparatus of the first embodiment has been exemplified for the case where the nozzle body 2 has a single structure.
- the welding torch 1 has a multiple structure and uses the shield gas of the present invention only for the inner nozzle, and the outer nozzle. May be an inert gas.
- the configuration in which the tungsten electrode (TIG electrode) 3 and the welding wire (MIG electrode) 4 are disposed in the nozzle body 2 of the welding torch 1 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is not something.
- a welding torch (TIG welding torch) having a nozzle body in which a tungsten electrode is arranged and a welding torch (MIG welding torch) having a nozzle body in which a welding wire is arranged are arranged before and after the welding direction, It is good also as a structure which generate
- the center of the TIG welding torch when the base end side of the TIG welding torch is inclined toward the traveling direction side with respect to the welding direction is referred to as torch angle ⁇ (see FIG. 2).
- the angle between the central axis of the MIG welding torch and the normal line when the base end side of the MIG welding torch is inclined opposite to the traveling direction with respect to the welding direction is referred to as a torch angle ⁇ (FIG. 2).
- the leading TIG-following MIG is a separate welding torch, and a conventional carbon steel (SM490A) is used with a welding apparatus having a torch angle ⁇ of the preceding TIG welding torch and a torch angle ⁇ of the following MIG welding torch.
- the base metal was welded.
- the welding conditions are shown in Table 5.
- the welding speed was set to 40 cm / min, which is a bead irregularity with pure Ar shielding gas.
- Table 6 shows the results of bead appearance inspection based on the helium and hydrogen concentrations in the shielding gas. In each condition, the preceding and following gas types were the same.
- the stability of the arc was improved by adding helium or hydrogen into the shielding gas.
- helium and hydrogen have high arc voltages, when 100% helium or a mixed gas of helium and hydrogen is used as a shielding gas, the generation of arc may become unstable during TIG arc start-up and welding. is there. For this reason, it is more preferable that the shielding gas contains 10% or more of argon gas.
- the leading TIG-following MIG is a separate welding torch, and a conventional carbon steel (SM490A) is used with a welding apparatus having a torch angle ⁇ of the preceding TIG welding torch and a torch angle ⁇ of the following MIG welding torch.
- the base metal was welded.
- the welding conditions are shown in Table 7.
- Table 8 shows the results of arc observation with a high-speed camera at the torch angle ⁇ and the torch angle ⁇ .
- the welding speed was set to 40 cm / min, which is a bead irregularity with pure Ar shielding gas.
- Table 10 shows the results of the bead appearance inspection with and without pulse addition.
- the waveform of the pulse current of MIG welding, a current change, and a frequency are shown in FIG.
- the welding method is preferably a downward posture, but is not limited to this, and can be applied to all posture welding.
- the composite welding method of the present invention can be applied to products such as nuclear vessels, various pressure vessels, etc., which have conventionally been applicable only to TIG welding from the viewpoint of toughness and sputtering.
- products such as nuclear vessels, various pressure vessels, etc.
- a clean MIG welding method has been developed by each wire manufacturer and welder manufacturer.
- the composite welding method of the present invention is one of them. It can be a means.
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Abstract
Description
ところで、炭素鋼やステンレス鋼に対してアルゴンやヘリウム等の不活性ガスをシールドガスとして用いたMIG溶接を行うと、陰極点が固定されずアークのふらつきが生じる。
これに対して、上記TIG-MIG複合溶接では、先行のTIGアークにより、金属蒸気が発生するため、そこに電気の流れ道が形成される。そして、TIGアークによって生じた溶融池は、固体金属よりも仕事関数が小さく電子を放出し易いため、MIGアークの陰極点がその溶融池に固定され易い。
このため、ホットワイヤTIG溶接法におけるワイヤ加熱用電源では、ワイヤ~母材間でアークを発生させる為に高い電圧(例えば13~30V)で電圧をコントロールするTIG-MIG複合溶接法のMIG溶接電源とは異なり、電圧を低く(例えば、6~7V)コントロールするようになっている。
(1)溶接方向に対して先行する側でTIGアークを発生させ、後行する側でMIGアークを発生させて母材を溶接する複合溶接方法であって、TIG電流をMIG電流よりも大きく設定するとともに、TIG電極の中心軸と母材の表面との交点と、MIG電極の中心軸と母材の表面との交点との距離の絶対値が4mm以下とすることを特徴とする複合溶接方法。
(3)水素を3%以上9%以下含有し、残部がアルゴンガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする(1)に記載の複合溶接方法。
(4)水素を3%以上9%以下およびHeを25%以上含有し、残部がアルゴンガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする(1)に記載の複合溶接方法である。
(5)水素を3%以上9%以下含有し、残部がヘリウムガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする(1)に記載の複合溶接方法。
また、溶接対象の母材の板厚が大きくなった場合には、TIG及びMIGいずれの電流も大きくすることができるため、溶接速度及び作業効率を向上することができる。
また、2本のノズルを一体化して1本のノズルとしたため、シールドガスの流量低減を図る事ができる。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態である複合溶接方法に用いる溶接装置を示す概略構成図である。図1において、符号1は、溶接トーチ(複合溶接用の溶接トーチ)を示す。この溶接トーチ1は、筒状部材からなるノズル本体2と、このノズル本体2内において溶接方向に対して先行する側に配された棒状のタングステン電極3と、ノズル本体2内において溶接方向に対して後行する側に配された溶接ワイヤ4と、この溶接ワイヤ4を通電させるためのコンタクトチップ4aとから概略構成されている。また、溶接トーチ1は、一重構造となっており、1種のシールドガス(図示略)のみを使用する構造となっている。
初めに、図示のシールドガス供給源からシールドガスを供給して溶接トーチ1に送る。ついで、溶接電源6を動作させてタングステン電極3と母材5との間に溶接電流(TIG電流)を印加してTIGアークを発生させるとともに、溶接電源7を動作させて溶接ワイヤ4と母材5との間に溶接電流(MIG電流)を印加してMIGアークを発生させて溶接を行う。
次に、本発明を適用した第2の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、第1の実施形態の複合溶接方法に用いた溶接装置を用いることが可能であるが、第1の実施形態の複合溶接方法とは異なる方法となっている。したがって、溶接装置については、第1の実施形態と同一であるため、説明を省略する。
(検証試験1)
先行TIG-後行MIGをそれぞれ別の溶接トーチとし、先行TIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度α、後行MIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度βとした溶接装置を用いて、一般的な炭素鋼(SM490A)からなる母材の溶接を行なった。なお、溶接条件を表1に示す。また、アーク間距離Lによるビード外観検査の結果を表2に示す。
先行TIG-後行MIGをそれぞれ別の溶接トーチとし、先行TIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度α、後行MIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度βとした溶接装置を用いて、一般的な炭素鋼(SM490A)からなる母材の溶接を行なった。なお、溶接条件は、表3に示す。また、先行TIG電流と後行MIG電流との関係によるビード外観検査の結果を表4に示す。
先行TIG-後行MIGをそれぞれ別の溶接トーチとし、先行TIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度α、後行MIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度βとした溶接装置を用いて、一般的な炭素鋼(SM490A)からなる母材の溶接を行なった。なお、溶接条件は、表5に示す。シールドガス中のHeおよびH2による安定化の効果を確認する為、溶接速度について純Arシールドガスではビード不整となる40cm/minとした。また、シールドガス中のヘリウム及び水素濃度によるビード外観検査の結果を表6に示す。なお、各条件において先行・後行のガス種は同一とした。
先行TIG-後行MIGをそれぞれ別の溶接トーチとし、先行TIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度α、後行MIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度βとした溶接装置を用いて、一般的な炭素鋼(SM490A)からなる母材の溶接を行なった。なお、溶接条件は、表7に示す。また、トーチ角度αおよびトーチ角度βにおける高速カメラによるアーク観察の結果を表8に示す。
(検証試験5)
先行TIG-後行MIGをそれぞれ別の溶接トーチとし、先行TIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度α、後行MIG溶接トーチのトーチ角度βとした溶接装置を用いて、一般的なステンレス鋼(SUS304)からなる母材の溶接を行なった。なお、溶接条件は、表9に示す。MIG溶接へのパルス付加による安定化の効果を確認する為、溶接速度について純Arシールドガスではビード不整となる40cm/minとした。また、パルス付加の有無によるビード外観検査の結果を表10に示す。なお、MIG溶接のパルス電流の波形、電流変化、周波数を図12に示す。
また、近年、鉄ベース材料の溶接金属中酸素量を低減させる方法として、クリーンMIG溶接法の開発が、各ワイヤメーカーや溶接機メーカーで行なわれているが、本発明の複合溶接法はその一つの手段となり得る。
2・・・ノズル本体
3・・・タングステン電極(TIG電極)
4・・・溶接ワイヤ(MIG電極)
5・・・母材
6,7・・・溶接電源
L・・・アーク間距離
Claims (8)
- 溶接方向に対して先行する側でTIGアークを発生させ、後行する側でMIGアークを発生させて母材を溶接する複合溶接方法であって、
TIG電流をMIG電流よりも大きく設定するとともに、
TIG電極の中心軸と母材の表面との交点と、MIG電極の中心軸と母材の表面との交点との距離の絶対値が4mm以下とすることを特徴とする複合溶接方法。 - シールドガスとして、Heを25%以上含有し、残部がアルゴンガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- シールドガスとして、水素を3%以上9%以下含有し、残部がアルゴンガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- シールドガスとして、水素を3%以上9%以下およびHeを25%以上含有し、残部がアルゴンガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- シールドガスとして、水素を3%以上9%以下含有し、残部がヘリウムガスであるガスを用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- TIG溶接トーチの基端側を溶接方向に対して進行方向側に傾斜させた際の、TIG溶接トーチの中心軸と法線とのなす角であるトーチ角度αと、MIG溶接トーチの基端側を溶接方向に対して進行方向と反対側に傾斜させた際の、MIG溶接トーチの中心軸と法線とのなす角であるトーチ角度βとの合計角度(|α|+|β|)を30~120°の範囲とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- 後行MIG溶接にパルス電流を付加することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合溶接方法。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の複合溶接方法に用いる溶接トーチであって、一つのノズル本体内に、TIG電極とMIG電極とを配置し、TIGアークとMIGアークとにおいてシールドガスを共有することを特徴とする複合溶接用の溶接トーチ。
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Cited By (4)
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CN103008835A (zh) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-03 | 北京工业大学 | 一种耦合电弧的短路过渡焊接系统及其控制方法 |
CN103028815A (zh) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-10 | 北京工业大学 | 一种耦合电弧的弧长调节系统及其控制方法 |
US20150001185A1 (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2015-01-01 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation | Hybrid welding method and welding torch for hybrid welding |
JP2016011845A (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-01-21 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | 金属キャスク用伝熱銅フィンの溶接方法及びその溶接装置 |
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DE102014002213B4 (de) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-01-14 | MHIW b.v. | Verfahren und Brennerkopf zum Metall-Schutzgas-Schweißen |
CN107000093B (zh) | 2014-12-26 | 2019-06-21 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 堆焊装置 |
US10213878B2 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2019-02-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Arc welding/brazing process for low-heat input copper joining |
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WO2017126657A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-27 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 消耗電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接方法及びアーク溶接部 |
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JP6909957B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-14 | 2021-07-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 複合溶接装置 |
CN109226938B (zh) * | 2017-07-10 | 2021-06-15 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 多电极气体保护电弧单面焊方法 |
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