WO2012015053A1 - X線回折方法及びその装置 - Google Patents
X線回折方法及びその装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012015053A1 WO2012015053A1 PCT/JP2011/067551 JP2011067551W WO2012015053A1 WO 2012015053 A1 WO2012015053 A1 WO 2012015053A1 JP 2011067551 W JP2011067551 W JP 2011067551W WO 2012015053 A1 WO2012015053 A1 WO 2012015053A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20008—Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical system; Accessories therefor; Preparing specimens therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/207—Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/05—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by diffraction, scatter or reflection
- G01N2223/056—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by diffraction, scatter or reflection diffraction
- G01N2223/0566—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by diffraction, scatter or reflection diffraction analysing diffraction pattern
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/2055—Analysing diffraction patterns
Definitions
- Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration for detecting X-ray diffracted light from a sample using a position sensitive X-ray detector or a storage phosphor while fixing the detector.
- Patent Document 4 describes a portable X-ray diffractometer for measuring specific partial X-ray diffraction.
- X-ray diffraction is measured by measuring the X-ray diffraction intensity with respect to the X-ray diffraction angle using an X-ray detector. Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, the angle and position of a sample or a detector for each angle. It was necessary to move and measure. Therefore, in order to hold the X-ray source and the detector and to ensure the accuracy of the angular movement, the mechanical angle measuring instrument inevitably requires weight, and it has been difficult to reduce the size and weight.
- the object of the present invention has been achieved in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and the object thereof is a small and lightweight X-ray diffraction method that does not require a goniometer for adjusting the position of the detector, and It is to realize the device.
- X-rays formed from a plurality of X-ray irradiation means are irradiated to the same surface of the sample from different directions, and a plurality of X-ray irradiation means are placed in the same surface region of the sample. Obtained by detecting a plurality of diffracted X-rays generated from the sample by the X-ray detecting means and detecting a plurality of diffracted X-rays generated from the same surface area of the sample by the X-ray detecting means. An X-ray diffraction method for processing signals was used.
- a goniometer for adjusting the position of the detector is not required, and since no movable mechanism other than the shutter is provided, the apparatus can be made more compact and lightweight.
- FIG. 4A is an X-ray detector showing the relationship between the Debye ring of diffracted X-rays generated when the sample is irradiated with X-rays at an angle ⁇ 2 from the second X-ray irradiation unit and the X-ray detector.
- B is the front view.
- FIG. 5 shows the Debye ring of diffracted X-rays generated when the sample is irradiated with X-rays from the first X-ray irradiation unit at an angle ⁇ 1, and the sample is irradiated with X-rays at an angle ⁇ 2 from the second X-ray irradiation unit.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure when detecting a diffracted X-ray by sequentially irradiating a sample with X-rays from the first X-ray irradiator and the second X-ray irradiator.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure when a sample is simultaneously irradiated with X-rays from the first X-ray irradiation unit and the second X-ray irradiation unit to detect diffraction X-rays.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the X-ray diffraction apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the processing / control unit of the X-ray diffraction apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the position of the diffracted X-ray is detected without using a goniometer so that the apparatus is reduced in size and weight to improve portability.
- the first X-ray irradiation unit 110 of the X-ray diffraction apparatus main body 101 includes a first X-ray source 111, a first shutter 112, a first actuator 113 that drives opening and closing of the first shutter 112, a first A first slit plate 114 that narrows down X-rays emitted from the X-ray source 111 is provided.
- the X-ray detector 130 is composed of a two-dimensional sensor array in which sensor elements for detecting X-rays are two-dimensionally arranged.
- the slit plate is one of the X-ray forming means, it can be replaced with an X-ray optical element such as a capillary tube, a zone plate, or a collimator. That is, the first slit plate is a first X-ray forming unit, and the second slit plate is a second X-ray forming unit. The same applies to Example 2 and Example 3 described later.
- the first X-ray irradiation unit 110, the second X-ray irradiation unit 120, and the X-ray detector 130 are installed inside the container 102.
- the container 102 has an X-ray passing window for irradiating the sample 10 outside the container 102 with X-rays emitted from the first X-ray irradiation unit 110 and the second X-ray irradiation unit 120 installed inside.
- 103 is provided.
- the X-ray passage window 103 may be a simple space hole or may be partitioned by an X-ray permeable film. In the case of being partitioned by an X-ray permeable film, the inside of the container 102 can be evacuated to a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere by means not shown.
- a monitor glass window 104 is provided on the side where the monitor camera 140 is installed so that the monitor camera 140 can confirm the position where the X-ray on the sample 10 is irradiated.
- An X-ray shielding ring 105 for preventing X-ray leakage is provided outside the X-ray passage window 103.
- the processing / control unit 150 drives the first X-ray source driving unit 151 and the first actuator 113 to drive the first X-ray source 111 to thereby drive the first shutter 112.
- a first shutter driving unit 152 that opens and closes the camera, a camera control unit 153 that controls the monitoring camera 140, a second shutter driving unit 154 that drives the second actuator 123 to open and close the second shutter 122, and a second In order to drive the X-ray source 121, the second X-ray source driving unit 155, the sensor input unit 156 that receives the output from the X-ray detector 130, and the output from the X-ray detector 130 that is received by the sensor input unit 156
- the calculation unit 157 for obtaining the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 using the X-ray, inputs information on the X-ray irradiation conditions and the sample 10 and outputs information on the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 obtained by the calculation unit 157 Part 158, an overall
- the output unit 160 includes a display screen 161 and displays information on the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 output from the input / output unit 158 of the processing / control unit 150 on the display screen 161.
- a method of measuring the X-ray diffraction of the sample 10 with the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
- This diffraction angle 2 ⁇ 1 is expressed as an angle twice the X-ray incident angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the crystal plane of the sample 10. That is, when the X-ray detector 130 detects the diffracted X-rays from the sample 10 and knows the generation position of the diffracted X-rays, the sample is obtained from the incident angle of the X-rays with respect to the sample 10 and information on the generation position of the diffracted X-rays Information on the alignment direction of the ten crystal planes can be obtained. When the crystal plane of the sample 10 is in a random orientation, information on each crystal plane can be obtained, and the internal state of the sample 10 can be observed nondestructively.
- FIG. 3B shows an example of a state in which the X-ray detector 130 detects diffracted X-rays from the sample 10.
- diffracted X-ray patterns 111-1 to 111-4 corresponding to the orientation of the crystal plane of the sample 10 are detected.
- the X-ray detector 130 is a two-dimensional detector.
- the X-ray detector 130 may be replaced with a one-dimensional sensor in which elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction shown in FIG.
- the crystal sample 10 is irradiated with X-rays from the first X-ray source 111 at an incident angle ⁇ 2 and is incident on the same region as the region, diffracted X-rays are generated according to the crystal orientation of the sample 10.
- the diffraction angle of the diffracted X-ray with respect to the traveling direction of the incident X-ray is 2 ⁇ 2
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ 2 is expressed as an angle twice the X-ray incident angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the crystal plane of the sample 10. Is done.
- the crystal plane of the sample 10 is in a random orientation, information on each crystal plane can be obtained, and the internal state of the sample 10 can be observed nondestructively.
- FIG. 4B shows an example of a state in which the X-ray detector 130 detects diffracted X-rays from the sample 10.
- a diffracted X-ray pattern corresponding to the orientation of the crystal plane of the sample 10 is detected. Since the incident angle ⁇ 2 of the X-ray from the second X-ray source 121 to the sample 10 is different from the incident angle ⁇ 1 of the X-ray from the first X-ray source 111, diffraction on the detection surface of the X-ray detector 130 is performed.
- the X-ray patterns 121-1 to 121-4 are detected with the direction of curvature opposite to that of the diffracted X-ray patterns 111-1 to 111-4 shown in FIG.
- the X-ray detector 130 may be replaced with a one-dimensional sensor.
- the X-ray diffraction as shown in FIG. 4A and the X-ray diffraction as shown in FIG. 4A are generated at the same time, and the X-ray detector 130 shows diffraction patterns 111-1 through 111-4 and 121-1 through 121 as shown in FIG. -4 is detected.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern shown in FIG. 5 includes diffraction patterns 111-1 to 111-4 generated by X-ray irradiation from the first X-ray source 111 shown in FIG. 3B, and FIG.
- the direction of the center of curvature of each pattern is obtained from the output of the two-dimensional X-ray detector 130 that has detected the X-ray diffraction pattern shown in FIG. 5, and X-ray irradiation from the first X-ray source 111 is performed.
- the generated diffraction patterns 111-1 to 111-4 and the diffraction patterns 121-1 to 121-4 generated by X-ray irradiation from the second X-ray source 121 are separated.
- the diffraction X-ray rotation is obtained.
- the bending angles 2 ⁇ 1 and 2 ⁇ 2 and the crystal plane orientations ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be obtained.
- the X-ray detector 130 includes a Debye ring based on diffraction patterns 111-1 to 111-4 generated by X-ray irradiation from the first X-ray source 111, and an X-ray from the second X-ray source 121. Since the diffraction patterns 121-1 to 121-4 generated by irradiation are inclined with respect to the Debye rings, the X-ray diffraction patterns detected by the two-dimensional X-ray detector 130 are all true. It is detected as an elliptical shape deformed from a circle.
- the length of the ellipse is determined from the elliptic X-ray diffraction pattern detected by the two-dimensional X-ray detector 130. Axis information may be extracted and calculated using this information.
- the first actuator 113 is driven by a command from the first shutter drive unit 152 of the processing / control unit 150, and the first The first shutter 112 disposed immediately before the X-ray source 111 is opened (S604), and the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 are transmitted through the first slit plate 114. After squeezing and forming, the sample 10 below the X-ray passage window 103 is irradiated.
- the diffracted X-rays generated from the sample 10 irradiated with the X-rays focused by the first slit plate 114 are detected by X-ray detection. It is detected by the device 130 (S605).
- the output from the X-ray detector 130 that has detected the diffracted X-rays is input to the sensor input unit 156 of the processing / control unit 150, amplified and A / D converted, and then sent to the calculation unit 157 for calculation processing. (S606), the diffraction angle ⁇ 1 is determined (S606).
- the first actuator 113 is driven by a command from the first shutter driving unit 152 to close the first shutter 112 (S607).
- X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 The second actuator 123 is driven in accordance with a command from the second shutter driving unit 154 to prevent the sample 10 from being irradiated with the light, and the second X-ray source 121 is disposed immediately before the second X-ray source 121.
- the shutter 122 is opened (S 608), the X-rays emitted from the second X-ray source 121 are transmitted through the second slit plate 124, and the sample is formed through the X-ray passage window 103.
- the same region as the region irradiated with the X-rays emitted from the ten first X-ray sources 111 is irradiated.
- the diffracted X-rays generated from the sample 10 irradiated with the X-rays focused by the second slit plate 124 are converted into X-ray detectors. Detection is performed at 130 (S609).
- the output from the X-ray detector 130 that has detected the diffracted X-rays is input to the sensor input unit 156 of the processing / control unit 150, amplified and A / D converted, and then sent to the calculation unit 157 for calculation processing. (S610), the diffraction angle ⁇ 2 is obtained.
- the second actuator 123 is driven by a command from the second shutter driving unit 154 to close the second shutter 122 (S611). X-rays emitted from the second X-ray source 121 To prevent the sample 10 from being irradiated.
- ⁇ 1 calculated in S606, ⁇ 2 calculated in S610, and information are sent from the input / output unit 158 to the output unit 160 and displayed on the display screen 161 (S612).
- the measurement takes some time, but the X-rays from the first X-ray source 111 are taken. Since the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the irradiation and the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the X-ray irradiation from the second X-ray source 121 can be reliably separated and detected, high detection accuracy can be expected.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern can be detected in a continuous wide area by the one-dimensional or two-dimensional X-ray detector 130, higher detection accuracy can be obtained.
- the X-ray detector 130 can be constituted by a one-dimensional detector, and since no movable mechanism other than the shutter is provided, the apparatus can be made more compact and lightweight.
- an on / off function of the driving source 151 of the first X-ray source 111 and a second X-ray are provided as an operation instead of opening and closing the first shutter 112 and the second shutter 122.
- the on / off function of the drive source 155 of the source 121 can be used as it is. In that case, the shutter can be omitted from the apparatus configuration.
- the drive high-voltage power supply unit (not shown) of the first X-ray source 111 and the second X-ray source 121 is made common to switch the electrical switch, It becomes possible to further reduce the weight of the device.
- Example 2 using the X-ray analysis apparatus 100 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1, X-rays are simultaneously emitted from the first X-ray source 111 and the second X-ray source 121 and the same on the sample 10. A case where the region is irradiated simultaneously will be described. In this case, from the sample 10, the X-ray diffraction pattern by the X-ray irradiation from the first X-ray source 111 and the X-ray diffraction pattern by the X-ray irradiation from the second X-ray source 121 are overlapped. A pattern as described in 5 is detected.
- the detection procedure in this case will be described with reference to FIG.
- the surface of the sample 10 below the window 103 is observed with the camera 140 through the transmission window 104 and the sample 10 should be assumed. It is confirmed whether the location matches the position where X-rays are irradiated (S701). As a result of the observation, if it is determined that the position is shifted (NO in S702), the position of the X-ray diffractometer 100 or the sample 10 is adjusted (S703).
- the first actuator 113 is driven by a command from the first shutter driving unit 152 of the processing / control unit 150, and the first The first shutter 112 disposed immediately before the X-ray source 111 is opened, and at the same time, the second actuator 123 is driven by a command from the second shutter driving unit 154 to generate the second X
- the second shutter 122 disposed immediately before the radiation source 121 is opened (S704), the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 and shaped by the first slit plate 114 and the second The X-rays emitted from the X-ray source 121 and formed by the second slit plate 124 pass through the X-ray passage window 103 and are simultaneously irradiated onto the same region of the sample 10.
- the diffracted X-rays generated from the sample 10 irradiated with X-rays are detected by the X-ray detector 130 (S705).
- the output from the X-ray detector 130 that has detected the diffracted X-rays is input to the sensor input unit 156 of the processing / control unit 150, amplified and A / D converted, and then sent to the calculation unit 157 for calculation processing.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 and the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the X-rays emitted from the second X-ray source 121 are separated (S706).
- the diffraction angle ⁇ 1 of the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 and the diffraction angle ⁇ of the X-ray diffraction pattern generated by the X-rays emitted from the second X-ray source 121. 2 is obtained (S707).
- the first actuator 113 is driven by a command from the first shutter drive unit 152 to open the first shutter 112, and at the same time, a second command is sent from the second shutter drive unit 154.
- the second shutter 122 is opened (S708), and the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray source 111 and the X-rays emitted from the second X-ray source 121 are driven. Shield the light.
- the measurement time can be shortened.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern can be detected in a continuous wide area by the two-dimensional X-ray detector 130, higher detection accuracy can be obtained.
- the device can be made more compact and lighter.
- an on / off function of the driving source 151 of the first X-ray source 111, and a second X can be used as it is.
- the shutter can be omitted from the apparatus configuration.
- the monitor camera 140 of the X-ray analysis apparatus 100 described in FIG. 1 is removed and a third X-ray irradiation unit 830 is mounted.
- the X-ray diffraction apparatus main body 801 includes the first X-ray irradiation unit 110, the second X-ray irradiation unit 120, and the third X-ray irradiation unit. 830 and an X-ray detector 840, which are arranged in the same plane inside the container 802 shown in FIG. 8, and are generated by the first to third X-ray irradiation units 110, 120, and 830.
- the sample 10 is irradiated with the X-rays through the X-ray passage window 803.
- the processing / control unit 850 includes a first X-ray source driving unit 151 and a first shutter driving unit that drives the first actuator 113 in order to drive the first X-ray source 111. 152, the second shutter driving unit 154 that drives the second actuator 123, the second X-ray source driving unit 155, and the third X-ray source 831 to drive the second X-ray source 121.
- the calculation unit 854 for obtaining the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 using the output from the X-ray detector 840, the X-ray irradiation condition and the information related to the sample 10 are input, and the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 obtained by the calculation unit 854 is obtained.
- the output unit 860 includes a display screen 861 and displays information on the X-ray diffraction angle of the sample 10 output from the input / output unit 855 of the processing / control unit 850 on the display screen 861.
- the third X-ray irradiation unit 830 includes a third X-ray source 831, a third shutter 832, A third actuator 833 that drives opening and closing of the third shutter 832 and a third slit plate 834 that narrows down X-rays emitted from the third X-ray source 831 are provided.
- the method for detecting X-rays of the sample 10 using the X-ray diffractometer 800 having the above-described configuration is to detect X-ray diffraction patterns by sequentially irradiating X-rays from the X-ray sources described in the first embodiment.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern detected by the two-dimensional X-ray detector 130 by simultaneously irradiating the X-ray from each X-ray source described in the method and the second embodiment is changed into an X-ray diffraction pattern for each X-ray source. This is the same as the method of obtaining the diffraction angle by separating.
- an example in which three sets of X-ray irradiation units are provided has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an X-ray diffraction apparatus may be configured with more X-ray irradiation units. .
- the present embodiment it is possible to detect a wider range of diffracted X-rays by providing a plurality of X-ray irradiation units having different X-ray irradiation angles to irradiate the sample with X-rays. It has become possible to further improve the accuracy of X-ray diffraction.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern can be detected in a continuous wide area by the two-dimensional X-ray detector 840, higher detection accuracy can be obtained.
- the first X-ray source 111 is used.
- the second X-ray source 121 and the third X-ray source 831 with a common driving high-voltage power supply (not shown) to switch electrical switches, thereby further reducing the weight of the apparatus.
- the first X-ray source 111 is used.
- the second X-ray source 121 and the third X-ray source 831 with a common driving high-voltage power supply (not shown) to switch electrical switches, thereby further reducing the weight of the apparatus.
- the second shutter 122 and the third shutter 832 are opened and closed.
- the on / off function of the driving source 151 of the first X-ray source 111, the on / off function of the driving source 155 of the second X-ray source 121, and the third X-ray source 831 The on / off function of the drive source 851 can be used as it is. In that case, the shutter can be omitted from the apparatus configuration.
- the slit plate is one of X-ray forming means, and can be replaced with an X-ray optical element such as a capillary tube, a zone plate, or a collimator. That is, the first slit plate 114 is first X-ray forming means, the second slit plate 124 is second X-ray forming means, and the third slit plate 834 is third X-ray forming means. It is.
- the present invention can be used for a portable X-ray diffractometer using an X-ray diffraction method for analyzing a material by irradiating a sample with characteristic X-rays generated by an X-ray tube.
- SYMBOLS 10 Sample 100 ... X-ray diffractometer 101 ... X-ray diffractometer main body 102 ... Container 103 ... X-ray passage window 104 ... Monitor glass window 105 ... X-ray shielding ring DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 ... 1st X-ray irradiation part 111 ... 1st X-ray source 112 ... 1st shutter DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 114 ... 1st slit board 120 ... 2nd X-ray irradiation part 121 ... 2nd X-ray source 122 ... 2nd shutter 124 ... 2nd slit board 130 ... X-ray detector 140: Monitor camera 150 ... Processing / control unit 160 ... Output unit.
Abstract
Description
実施例1におけるX線回折装置100は、第1のX線照射部110と第2のX線照射部120、X線検出器130、モニタ用カメラ140を備えたX線回折装置本体101と、処理制御部150と、出力部160を備えている。第1のX線照射部110と第2のX線照射部120、X線検出器130は、図1に示した同一の平面内に配置されている。
上記した構成で、試料10のX線回折を計測する方法について図3乃至図5を用いて説明する。
結晶面に関する情報が得られ、試料10の内部の状態を非破壊で観察することができる。
まず、X線回折装置100を測定したい試料10の上にセットした状態で、カメラ140で透過窓部104を介して窓103の下方にある試料10の表面を観察し、試料10の想定すべき箇所がX線を照射する位置と一致しているかを確認する(S701)。観察した結果、位置がずれていると判断した(S702でNO)場合には、X線回折装置100または試料10の位置を調整する(S703)。
図8に示した構成は、図1で説明したX線解析装置100のモニタカメラ140を外して第3のX線照射部830を搭載したものである。図1の構成と同じものについては、同じ番号を付している。実施例1および2の場合と同様に、本実施例においても、X線回折装置本体801は、第1のX線照射部110と第2のX線照射部120、第3のX線照射部830及びX線検出器840を備え、それらは図8に示した容器802の内部で同一の平面内に配置されており、第1乃至第3のX線照射部110,120,830で発生させたX線をX線通過窓803を通過させて試料10に照射する構成になっている。
第3のX線照射部830は、図1で説明した第1のX線照射部110及び第2のX線照射部120と同様に、第3のX線源831、第3のシャッタ832、第3のシャッタ832の開閉を駆動する第3のアクチュエータ833、第3のX線源831から発射されたX線を絞る第3のスリット板834を備えている。
110…第1のX線照射部 111…第1のX線源 112…第1のシャッタ
114…第1のスリット板 120…第2のX線照射部 121…第2のX線源 122…第2のシャッタ 124…第2のスリット板 130…X線検出器
140…モニタ用カメラ 150…処理・制御部 160…出力部。
Claims (14)
- 試料の同一表面に異なる方向から成形したX線を照射する複数のX線照射手段と、
前記試料の同一表面領域内に前記複数のX線照射手段によりX線が照射されて前記試料から発生した複数の回折X線を検出するX線検出手段と、
該X線検出手段で前記試料の同一表面領域から発生した複数の回折X線を検出して得た信号を処理するX線回折信号処理手段と
を備えたことを特徴とするX線回折装置。 - 前記複数のX線照射手段のそれぞれのX線照射手段は、同じ波長のX線を前記試料に照射することを特徴とする請求項1記載のX線回折装置。
- 前記複数の回折X線を検出するX線検出手段は、1つの2次元X線検出器であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のX線回折装置。
- 前記X線回折信号処理手段は、前記複数のX線照射手段から同時にX線が照射されて発生した複数の回折X線を検出した信号を分離する処理を行なうことを特徴とする請求項3記載のX線回折装置。
- 前記複数のX線照射手段は、試料の表面に成形したX線を第1の方向から照射する第1のX線照射手段と、前記試料の表面の前記第1のX線照射手段でX線を照射した領域に成形した第2のX線を第2の方向から照射する第2のX線照射手段とを備えて、前記第1のX線照射手段と第2のX線照射手段とは、同じ波長のX線を前記試料に照射し、
前記X線検出手段は、前記試料の前記第1のX線照射手段によりX線が照射された領域から発生した第1の回折X線と前記試料の前記第2のX線照射手段によりX線が照射された領域から発生した第2の回折X線とを検出し、
前記X線回折信号処理手段は、前記X線検出手段で前記試料の同じ領域から発生した第1の回折X線と第2の回折X線とを検出して得た信号を処理する
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のX線回折装置。 - 前記第1と第2のX線照射手段及び前記X線検出手段を収納する容器手段と、該容器手段に収納された前記第1と第2のX線照射手段及び前記X線検出手段を制御する制御手段と、前記容器手段と前記制御手段とを接続するケーブルを更に備え、
前記容器手段と前記制御手段とは分離されてその間を前記ケーブルで接続されており、前記複数のX線照射手段及び前記X線検出手段と前記制御手段との間の信号の授受を前記ケーブルを介して行うように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のX線回折装置。 - 前記試料の表面の前記複数のX線照射手段でX線を照射する領域を撮像する撮像手段と、該撮像手段で撮像して得た前記試料の表面の前記複数のX線照射手段でX線を照射する領域の画像を表示するモニタ手段を更に備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のX線回折装置。
- 複数のX線照射手段から成形したX線を試料の同一表面に異なる方向から照射し、
前記試料の同一表面領域内に前記複数のX線照射手段によりX線が照射されて前記試料から発生した複数の回折X線をX線検出手段で検出し、
該X線検出手段で前記試料の同一表面領域から発生した複数の回折X線を検出して得た信号を処理する
ことを特徴とするX線回折方法。 - 前記複数のX線照射手段から、同じ波長のX線を前記試料に照射することを特徴とする請求項8記載のX線回折方法。
- 前記試料の同一表面領域から発生した複数の回折X線を1つの2次元検出器で検出することを特徴とする請求項8記載のX線回折方法。
- 前記1つの2次元検出器で検出した前記試料の同一表面領域から発生した複数の回折X線の検出信号を分離して処理することを特徴とする請求項10記載のX線回折方法。
- 複数のX線照射手段から成形したX線を試料の同一表面に異なる方向から照射することを、第1のX線照射手段で試料の表面に成形したX線を第1の方向から照射し、第2のX線照射手段で前記試料の表面の前記第1のX線照射手段でX線を照射した領域に成形した前記第1のX線照射手段で照射したX線と同じ波長のX線を第2の方向から照射することにより行い、
前記試料の前記第1のX線照射手段によりX線が照射された領域から発生した第1の回折X線と前記試料の前記第2のX線照射手段によりX線が照射された領域から発生した第2の回折X線とを検出し、
前記試料の同じ領域から発生した第1の回折X線と第2の回折X線とを検出して得た信号を処理することを特徴とする請求項8記載のX線回折方法。 - 前記複数のX線照射手段によりX線が照射されて前記試料の同一表面領域から発生した複数の回折X線を検出して得た信号を、ケーブルを介して前記複数のX線照射手段から離れた場所で処理することを特徴とする請求項8記載のX線回折方法。
- 前記試料の表面の前記複数のX線照射手段でX線を照射する領域を撮像し、該撮像して得た前記試料の表面の前記複数のX線照射手段でX線を照射する領域の画像を前記ケーブルを介して前記複数のX線照射手段から離れた場所でモニタ画面上に表示することを特徴とする請求項8記載のX線回折方法。
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US10591425B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2020-03-17 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | X-ray diffraction measurement method and apparatus |
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