WO2012009949A1 - 一种分梳机 - Google Patents

一种分梳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012009949A1
WO2012009949A1 PCT/CN2011/000812 CN2011000812W WO2012009949A1 WO 2012009949 A1 WO2012009949 A1 WO 2012009949A1 CN 2011000812 W CN2011000812 W CN 2011000812W WO 2012009949 A1 WO2012009949 A1 WO 2012009949A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
speed
carding
shifting
rollers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/000812
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄金山
Original Assignee
Huang Jinshan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huang Jinshan filed Critical Huang Jinshan
Publication of WO2012009949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012009949A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/36—Driving or speed control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to textile material preparation techniques, and more particularly to a carding machine having a high production efficiency for damage to the length of the pile fibers during the carding process.
  • Patent document CN100335693C discloses a carding method which uses two adjacent rolls of variable speed stripping and combing, and when one of the rolls is rotated at a high speed, the other roll is rotated at a low speed.
  • the high-speed roller strips the low-speed roller, then the high-speed roller decreases the speed to the low-speed roller, the low-speed roller increases the speed to the high-speed roller, and the high-speed roller strips the low-speed roller, so that the stripping is repeated to achieve the carding .
  • One or both of the rolls are axially reciprocated while shifting, and the fibers are transferred from one section of the roll to the other.
  • the carding section is combined with the feeding and discharging device to complete the entire carding process.
  • Such a technique can achieve a lint-free condition in the case of significantly reducing fiber damage as compared to the carding of the squeezing roller and the combing of the carding ring.
  • the ratio of the linear velocity of the adjacent two rolls at the time of stripping is positively correlated with the combing efficiency, that is, the higher the speed ratio, the higher the combing efficiency, and the smaller the speed ratio, the lower the combing efficiency.
  • the high combing efficiency means that the machine has a strong ability to remove coarse wool and impurities. On the contrary, the combing efficiency is low, and the machine has a weak ability to remove coarse hair and impurities.
  • one roller runs from a low speed to a high speed in one operating cycle, and the other roller goes from a high speed to a low speed.
  • the stripping action can occur; and, usually, the stripping can be completed when the speed ratio is not changed much, and even if the speed ratio is increased, the stripping is performed.
  • the take-up rolls are also free of fibers for stripping. This type of splitting can only be performed at a small speed ratio resulting in inefficient combing. This phenomenon can be alleviated by increasing the rotational speed and the rate of change, but the problem of low combing efficiency cannot be fundamentally solved.
  • a carding machine for separating a pile-free portion that satisfies a predetermined specification from a fed pile comprising: a carding portion composed of a carding unit; a feeding portion for conveying the pile to the a carding portion; an outlet portion, a cashmere-free transfer machine for separating the carding portion; a driving portion for driving the carding unit to operate according to a predetermined motion mode, the carding machine
  • the brushing unit includes a plurality of rollers arranged adjacently in sequence along the arrangement plane thereof, wherein the roller in the middle of each of the two shifting rollers is a fixed speed roller, and the rollers on both sides of the fixed speed roller are shifting rollers,
  • the driving portion drives the carding unit such that: the fixed speed roller rotates at a constant speed at a set speed, and the shift roller rotates at
  • the arrangement plane of the carding unit is perpendicular to the ground.
  • the number of the opening rollers of the carding unit is three, and the order is that the shifting roller, the fixed speed roller and the shifting roller are arranged adjacent to each other, and the arrangement plane is perpendicular to the ground.
  • the number of the opening rollers of the carding unit is nine, and the sequence is a shifting roller, a fixed speed roller, a shifting roller, a fixed speed roller, a shifting roller, a fixed speed roller, a shifting roller, a fixed speed roller, and a shifting roller.
  • the layout plane is perpendicular to the ground.
  • the diameters of the shifting roller and the fixed speed roller in the carding unit may be the same or different.
  • the diameter of the shifting roller should be larger than the diameter of the fixed speed roller so that the shifting roller can accommodate more fibers.
  • One or two shifting rollers of the carding unit are also rotated in the axial direction while being driven by the driving portion, so that the fibers are gradually shifted from one end of the roller to the other end. Interval transfer.
  • the combing unit is disposed near the turning section of the adjacent opening roller along the axial direction of the opening roller to form a straight-shaped guide tube, and the fixed cover is mounted on the guide tube.
  • the drive portion includes a control device, a power transmission device, and a non-circular gear train.
  • the drive portion includes the control device controlling the power transmitting device such that the shifting roller reciprocates in the axial direction to operate in a predetermined motion and stop motion modes.
  • the carding machine of the present invention comprises: a carding portion composed of a carding roller and utilizing a ratio of surface line speeds between adjacent carding rollers to realize fiber carding; and a material for conveying the material to the carding portion a feeding portion; a target fiber for separating the carding portion And an output portion for driving the carding portion to operate in a predetermined motion mode.
  • the carding section may comprise a number of carding units. Each of the carding units includes a plurality of cylindrical opening rollers arranged adjacently along a plane.
  • the carding roller is a known component conventionally used in the art.
  • the opening roller is formed by enclosing an elastic card clothing with a cylinder.
  • a steel needle is arranged on the elastic card clothing.
  • One end of the steel needle is fixed to the base fabric for wrapping the roller, and the other end is oriented at an angle to the diameter of the roller.
  • the plurality of opening rollers of the carding unit are sequentially adjacently arranged in a plane along the diameter direction of the roller section.
  • the plane is referred to as the arrangement plane of the carding unit. That is to say, the axis of each of the opening rollers in the carding unit is a set of parallel lines on the arrangement plane of the carding unit.
  • the maximum distance between the surface of the opening roller and the plane of the arrangement is the radius of the roller (section).
  • the rollers are rotationally rotated about their axes in a set motion mode.
  • the adjacent two opening rollers in the carding unit rotate in opposite directions.
  • the direction of the steel needle on each roller (referred to as the needle direction) coincides with the direction of rotation of the roller.
  • Adjacent lines along the axial direction of the adjacent two opening rollers are referred to as stripping lines.
  • the stripping line is a virtual line, in fact, there is a certain gap between adjacent rolls.
  • a roller having a higher surface speed will strip the fibers attached to the roller having a lower surface speed.
  • the peeling of the fibers attached to the ethylene roll by the nail roll it may be simply referred to as "a roll peeling of the ethylene roll”.
  • the surface speed of the nail roll divided by the surface speed of the ethylene roll is equal to the speed ratio.
  • the adjacent two opening rollers are separated from the stripping line by 90 degrees along the circumference of the section of the opening roller along the circumference of the section of the opening roller.
  • the section is referred to as a turn-out zone, and the section shifted by 90 degrees against the rotation direction of the roller on the other side of the arrangement plane is referred to as a turn-in zone.
  • Both the transfer zone and the rollout zone include a quarter arc of the two rollers. Viewed from the cross section of the opening roller, the two end points of the transfer zone correspond to the farthest points of the two opening rollers on the corresponding side of the arrangement plane, and the two end points of the transfer zone correspond to the two opening rollers respectively.
  • a turn-in area adjacent to the adjacent opening roller may be provided with a straight cylindrical guide tube in the axial direction of the opening roller.
  • a fixed cover can be mounted on the guide tube.
  • a carding machine comprises: a carding portion composed of a carding unit; a feeding portion for conveying the fluff to the carding portion; and an outlet portion for separating the carding portion a cashmere-free transfer machine; a driving portion for driving the carding unit to operate in accordance with a predetermined motion mode.
  • the plurality of rollers of the carding unit are sequentially adjacently arranged along their arrangement planes. When the carding unit is in operation, the steering of each roller is the same as the needle direction, the adjacent rollers are turned to the opposite direction, and the needles are smoothly stripped between adjacent rollers.
  • the three rollers of the carding unit are arranged adjacent to each other in turn, the steering of each roller is the same as the needle direction, the adjacent rollers are turned to the opposite direction, and the needles are smoothly stripped between the rollers.
  • the carding unit comprises three rollers arranged one after the other, wherein the intermediate roller is a fixed speed roller, the two rollers on both sides are shifting rollers, and the driving portion drives the carding unit such that: the fixed speed roller is set by the speed The rotational speed rotates at a constant speed, and the shifting roller performs the shifting rotation, and in one operating cycle, for the fixed speed roller, the shifting roller on one side changes from a low speed to a high speed, and then from a high speed.
  • the combing unit is disposed near the turning section of the adjacent opening roller along the axial direction of the opening roller to form a straight-shaped guide tube, and the fixed cover is mounted on the guide tube.
  • the driving portion includes a control device, a power transmission device, and a non-circular gear train.
  • the diameter of the fixed speed roller and the shifting roller in one carding unit may be the same or different. When the difference is different, the diameter of the shifting roller should be larger than the diameter of the fixed speed roller, so that the shifting roller can accommodate more fibers, which can improve the machine. Yield.
  • One or two shifting rollers of the combing unit perform the shifting rotation while performing the reciprocating motion in the axial direction, so that the fiber is gradually transferred from the one-port input portion of the roller to the output portion of the other end; And the outlet device completes the carding process.
  • the maximum linear speed of the shifting roller divided by the lowest linear velocity of the shifting roller is equal to the shifting ratio of the shifting roller, as large as possible, if the mechanical state permits.
  • the maximum linear velocity of the shifting roller plus the minimum linear velocity of the shifting roller is further divided by 2 equal to the average linear velocity of the shifting roller, and the average linear velocity of the shifting roller is greater than the linear velocity of the fixed speed roller.
  • the invention is characterized in that a constant speed roller is added between two shifting rollers.
  • the fixed speed roller acts as an isolation here; that is, when the surface speeds of the two shifting rollers are slightly different, due to the non-adjacent stripping The effect does not occur, only when the surface linear velocity of one shifting roller is slightly smaller than the surface linear velocity of the adjacent fixed speed roller, and the surface linear velocity of the other shifting roller is much larger than the surface linear velocity of the adjacent fixed speed roller. Can happen.
  • the order of the surface linear velocity of each of the opening rollers is as follows: The stripping roller is the highest, the fixed speed roller is lower than the stripping shifting roller at a larger speed ratio than the stripping shifting roller, and the stripping shifting roller is the lowest.
  • the secondary speed ratio for the carding unit of three adjacent opening rollers, stripping and combing is achieved by the secondary speed ratio.
  • the ratio of the fixed speed roller to the stripped shifting roller is a small speed ratio, the main function is to transfer; the speed ratio of the stripping speed roller and the fixed speed roller is a large speed ratio, the combing efficiency is high, and the ability to remove coarse hair and impurities is strong.
  • the main role is to separate the combs. This ensures The speed ratio is more efficient than the combing.
  • One shifting roller takes the fiber and starts to reduce the rotational speed, while the other shifting roller starts to increase the rotational speed.
  • the surface linear velocity of the shifting roller When the surface linear velocity of the shifting roller is lower than the surface linear velocity of the fixed speed roller, the surface speed of the other shifting roller is higher than the fixed speed.
  • the surface linear velocity of the speed roller the fiber of the shifting roller is stripped by the fixed speed roller and transferred to the other shifting roller.
  • the two shifting rolls periodically change the rotational speed and the fibers are repeatedly stripped and transferred.
  • a special drive mechanism causes one of the three rollers to rotate axially while rotating, so that the fiber is gradually shifted from one end of the roller to the other. Transfer.
  • the carding unit combines the feeding and discharging devices to complete the entire carding process.
  • the carding unit of the three opening rollers is expanded, and any number of opening rollers can be used, and arranged in such a manner that the shifting roller and the fixed roller are alternately arranged.
  • each fixed speed roller rotates at a constant speed at a set speed, and the shifting roller performs a shifting motion.
  • the shifting roller on one side changes from low speed to high speed, then from high speed to low speed, and the other side of the shifting roller synchronously "inverts" shifting, That is, from high speed to low speed, and then from low speed to high speed.
  • the carding unit of the three opening rollers is extended, and the carding unit can be composed of 9 carding rollers, and arranged in an alternating manner of the shifting roller and the fixed roller; that is, the sequence is a shifting roller, a fixed speed roller,
  • the shifting roller, the fixed speed roller, the shifting roller, the fixed speed roller, the shifting roller, the fixed speed roller, and the shifting roller are arranged adjacent to each other, and the arrangement plane is perpendicular to the ground.
  • the special drive mechanism causes the two shifting rollers to perform the reciprocating motion in the axial direction while performing the shifting rotation.
  • Such carding units may be substituted: 2009100219713 Unexamined Patent Application (filed on April 13, 2009) in the carding unit carding machine to form a new, so that the carding machine significantly increase the yield and increase economic efficiency.
  • Comparison of pending patent application 2010102231943 application date July 12, 2010
  • the proposed solution, the axial reciprocation of the transport roller of the present invention during operation of the machine, is controllable.
  • the present invention can easily obtain the desired lint-free according to the instructions.
  • the shifting roller also performs reciprocating motion in the axial direction while performing the shifting rotation.
  • Such a roller also has the function of transporting fibers, which is also called a transport roller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

一种分梳机，分梳单元沿着其布置平面依次相邻布置多个辊，其中每两个变速辊中间的辊是定速辊，定速辊两旁的辊是变速辊，在驱动部分驱动下定速辊按设定的转速匀速转动，而变速辊做变速转动，并且在一个运行周期内，对于定速辊，其一侧的变速辊从低转速变为高转速，再从高转速变为低转速，而另一侧的变速辊同步地从高转速变为低转速，再从低转速变为高转速；以及当变速辊由高转速变为低转速时，其表面线速度变至低于相邻的定速辊的表面线速度；以及当变速辊由低转速变为高转速时，其表面线速度变至高于相邻的定速辊的表面线速度。

Description

一种分梳机 技术领域
本发明一般涉及纺织原料准备技术， 特别是涉及一种在分梳过程 中对绒毛纤维长度损伤小生产效率高的分梳机。 背景技术
专利文献 CN100335693C公开了一种分梳方法， 该方法采用相邻 两辊变速剥取分梳， 当其中一辊是高速转动时， 另一辊是低速转动。 高转速辊剥取低转速辊， 然后高转速辊降速转变为低转速辊， 低转速 辊升速转变为高转速辊， 高转速辊剥取低转速辊， 如此反复剥取转移 以实现分梳。 其中一辊或两辊在变速转动的同时还做轴向往复运动， 将纤维从辊的一个区间转移到另一个区间。 分梳部分结合喂入和出机 装置， 完成整个分梳过程。 这样的技术较之给棉板刺辊分梳和梳理环 分梳可以在显著减少纤维损伤的情况下获得无毛绒。 剥取分梳时相邻两辊表面线速度之比与分梳效率正相关， 即速比 越大分梳效率越高， 反之速比越小分梳效率越低。 分梳效率高则机器 去除粗毛和杂质的能力强， 反之分梳效率低则机器去除粗毛和杂质的 能力弱。 当采用相邻两辊变速剥取分梳时， 在一个运行周期中， 一个辊从 低转速到高转速， 另一辊从高转速到低转速。 只要当一辊的表面线速 度略大于另一辊的表面线速度， 剥取作用即可发生； 而且， 通常在速 比改变不多时剥取即可完成， 此时即使加大速比， 被剥取辊也无纤维 可供剥取， 这种只能小速比剥取分梳导致了分梳处理的低效。 通过提 高转速和变化速率可以缓解这一现象， 但是不能根本解决分梳效率低 的问题。 具体实施时只有增加剥取分梳次数才能获得所需要的无毛绒， 这导致了低生产率。 待审专利申请 2009100219713 (申请日 2009年 4月 13 日） 提出 了采用多个分梳辊的方法。 但这种方法依然存在上述的问题。 待审专利申请 2010102231943 (申请日 2010年 7月 12 日） 提出 的方案与本发明是同一个问题的两种不同的解决方案。 上述专利文献通过引用并入此处， 以供参考。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是即保持剥取分梳时纤维损伤少的优 点， 又显著提高剥取分梳的效率的方法和机器。 一种分梳机，用于从喂入的绒毛中分离出满足预定规格的无毛绒， 包括： 由分梳单元构成的分梳部分； 喂入部分， 用于把所述绒毛输送 给所述分梳部分； 出机部分， 用于把所述分梳部分分离出的无毛绒转 移出机； 驱动部分， 用于驱动所述分梳单元按照预定的运动模式来运 行， 所述分梳机的特征是： 所述分梳单元包括沿着其布置平面依次相 邻布置的多个辊， 其中每两个变速辊中间的辊是定速辊， 定速辊两旁 的辊是变速辊， 所述驱动部分驱动所述分梳单元， 使得： 定速辊按设 定的转速匀速转动， 而变速辊做变速转动， 并且在一个运行周期内， 对于定速辊， 其一侧的变速辊从低转速变为高转速， 再从高转速变为 低转速， 而另一侧的变速辊同步地从高转速变为低转速， 再从低转速 变为高转速； 以及当变速辊由高转速变为低转速时， 其表面线速度变 至低于相邻的定速辊的表面线速度； 以及当变速辊由低转速变为高转 速时， 其表面线速度变至高于相邻的定速辊的表面线速度。 所述分梳单元的布置平面与地面垂直。 所述分梳单元的分梳辊的数量是 3个， 顺序为变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊依次相邻布置， 布置平面与地面垂直。 所述分梳单元的分梳辊的数量是 9个， 顺序为变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊依次相 邻布置， 布置平面与地面垂直。 所述分梳单元中的变速辊和定速辊的直径可以相同也可以不相 同。 当不相同时， 变速辊的直径应该大于定速辊的直径， 使得变速辊 可以容纳较多的纤维。 所述分梳单元其中的一个或者两个变速辊在做变速转动的同时， 在所述驱动部分驱动下还做沿轴向的往复运动使得纤维从辊的一端输 入部区间逐步向另一端输出部区间转移。 所述分梳单元靠近相邻分梳辊的转入区间沿分梳辊的轴向设置直 筒形的导流筒， 导流筒上安装固定盖板。 所述驱动部分包括控制装置、 动力传递装置和非圆齿轮系。 所述驱动部分包括所述控制装置控制动力传递装置使得变速辊沿 轴向往复运动按照预定的运动和停止两种运动模式来运行。 具体实施方式
本领域技术人员能够理解， 下面描述的具体实施例应该被看作是 示例性和说明性的， 而不应该被看作是限制性的。 本发明的分梳机包括： 由分梳辊组成并利用相邻分梳辊之间是表 面线速度之比来实现纤维分梳的分梳部分； 用于把原料输送给所述分 梳部分的喂入部分； 用于把所述分梳部分分离出的目标纤维转移出机 的出机部分； 和用于驱动所述分梳部分按照预定的运动模式来运行的 驱动部分。 分梳部分可包括若干个分梳单元。 每个分梳单元包括沿着一平面 相邻布置的若干圆柱形的分梳辊。 分梳辊是本领域传统使用的已知部件。 分梳辊是由圆柱体包覆弹 性针布而形成。 弹性针布上布置有钢针。 所述钢针的一端固定在用来 包缠辊的底布上， 另一端的指向与辊的直径成一定角度。 分梳单元的多个分梳辊在一个平面上沿辊截面的直径方向依次相 邻排列。 所述平面称作分梳单元的布置平面。 也就是说， 分梳单元中 各分梳辊的轴线是分梳单元的布置平面上的一组平行线。 分梳辊表面 与布置平面的最大距离就是辊 （截面） 的半径。 在分梳单元运行期间， 在驱动机构的驱动下， 各辊按设定的运动 模式绕其轴线做变速转动。 分梳单元中的相邻两个分梳辊的转动方向相反。 每个辊上钢针的 指向 （简称针向） 与该辊的转动方向一致。 这种设置在本领域中称作
"针向相顺剥取作用" 。 相邻两个分梳辊沿轴向的邻接线称作剥取线。 剥取线是虚拟线， 实际上， 相邻辊之间具有一定隔距。 对于两个相邻的分梳辊， 表面线速度较高的辊会剥取表面线速度 较低的辊上附着的纤维。 在下文中， 当谈及甲辊剥取乙辊上附着的纤 维， 可简称为 "甲辊剥取乙辊" 。 对于两个相邻的分梳辊， 甲辊表面线速度除以乙辊的表面线速度 等于速比。 由于相邻两个分梳辊的转动方向相反， 相邻两个分梳辊自剥取线 在布置平面的相应一侧向两边沿分梳辊截面的圆周顺着辊的转动方向 移动 90度的区间称作转出区， 在布置平面的另一侧逆着辊的转动方向 移动 90度的区间称作转入区。 转入区和转出区都包括这两个辊的四分 之一圆弧面。 从分梳辊的截面看， 转入区的两个端点分别对应两个分 梳辊在布置平面相应一侧的最远点， 转出区的两个端点分别对应这两 个分梳辊在布置平面另一侧的最远点。 转入区和转出区的中点对应这 两个分梳辊的切点。 靠近相邻分梳辊的转入区沿分梳辊的轴向可设置直筒形的导流 筒。 导流筒上可安装固定盖板。 关于导流筒和固定盖板的构造及作用， 可参见本申请人的申请号为 2009100219713的专利申请的有关内容。 根据本发明的分梳机包括： 由分梳单元构成的分梳部分； 喂入部 分， 用于把所述绒毛输送给所述分梳部分； 出机部分， 用于把所述分 梳部分分离出的无毛绒转移出机； 驱动部分， 用于驱动所述分梳单元 按照预定的运动模式来运行。 分梳单元的多个辊沿着其布置平面依次相邻布置。 在分梳单元运 行时， 每个辊的转向与其针向相同， 相邻的辊转向相反， 相邻辊之间 针向相顺剥取作用。 这些特征与传统的技术是一致的。 实施例
分梳单元的三个辊依次相邻布置， 每个辊的转向与其针向相同， 相邻的辊转向相反， 辊之间针向相顺剥取作用。 分梳单元包括三个依次相邻布置的辊， 其中， 中间的辊是定速辊， 两旁的两辊是变速辊， 所述驱动部分驱动所述分梳单元， 使得： 定速 辊按设定的转速匀速转动， 而变速辊做变速转动， 并且在一个运行周 期内， 对于定速辊， 其一侧的变速辊从低转速变为高转速， 再从高转 速变为低转速， 而另一侧的变速辊同步地从高转速变为低转速， 再从 低转速变为高转速； 以及当一个变速辊由高转速变为低转速时， 其表 面线速度变至低于定速辊的表面线速度； 以及当一个变速辊由低转速 变为高转速时， 其表面线速度变至高于定速辊的表面线速度。 所述分 梳单元靠近相邻分梳辊的转入区间沿分梳辊的轴向设置直筒形的导流 筒， 导流筒上安装固定盖板。 其中所述驱动部分包括控制装置、 动力 传递装置和非圆齿轮系。 一个分梳单元中的定速辊和变速辊的直径可 以相同也可以不相同， 不相同时变速辊的直径应该大于定速辊的直径， 使得变速辊可以容纳较多的纤维， 可以提高机器的产量。 所述分梳单 元其中的一个或者两个变速辊在做变速转动的同时， 还做沿轴向的往 复运动使得纤维从辊的一端输入部区间逐步向另一端输出部区间转 移； 结合喂入装置和出机装置完成分梳过程。 变速辊的最高线速度除以变速辊的最低线速度等于变速辊的变速 比， 在机械状态允许的情况下尽可能的大。 变速辊的最高线速度加变 速辊的最低线速度再除以 2 等于变速辊的平均线速度， 变速辊的平均 线速度大于定速辊的线速度。 对比专利文献 CN100335693C公开的一种分梳方法， 本发明的特 征是在两个变速辊之间增加一个定速辊。 由于定速辊设定的表面线速 度远低于变速辊的平均线速度， 定速辊在这里起到了隔离作用； 即当 两个变速辊的表面线速度略有差异时由于不相邻剥取作用并不能发 生， 只有当一个变速辊的表面线速度略小于相邻定速辊的表面线速度， 另一个变速辊的表面线速度远大于相邻定速辊的表面线速度时， 剥取 作用才能发生。 各分梳辊表面线速度的大小次序是： 剥取变速辊最高， 定速辊以较大速比低于剥取变速辊而略高于被剥取变速辊， 被剥取变 速辊最低。 因此根据本发明的方法， 对于三个相邻分梳辊的梳理单元， 是通过二级速比来实现剥取分梳。 定速辊和被剥取变速辊的速比是小 速比， 主要作用是转移； 剥取变速辊和定速辊的速比是大速比， 分梳 效率高， 去除粗毛和杂质的能力强， 主要作用是分梳。 这样就确保了 大速比高效率地分梳。 一个变速辊辊获得纤维并且开始降低转速， 同时另一个变速辊开 始提高转速， 当这个变速辊的表面线速度低于定速辊的表面线速度时， 另一个变速辊的表面线速度高于定速辊的表面线速度， 变速辊的纤维 通过定速辊被剥取转移到另一个变速辊。 两个变速辊周期性改变转速， 纤维被反复剥取转移。 在操作中， 特殊的驱动机构使上述三个辊中一个变速辊或两个变 速辊在转动的同时还做轴向的往复运动， 使得纤维从辊的一端输入部 区间逐步向另一端输出部区间转移。 分梳单元结合喂入和出机装置， 共同完成整个分梳过程。 对该三个分梳辊的分梳单元做扩展，可以使用任意数量的分梳辊， 并按照变速辊与定速辊依次交替的方式布置。 在操作中， 各定速辊按 设定的转速匀速转动， 而变速辊做变速运动。 在一个运行周期内， 对 于每个定速辊， 其一侧的变速辊从低转速变为高转速， 再从高转速变 为低转速， 而另一侧的变速辊同步 "反相" 变速， 即从高转速变为低 转速， 再从低转速变为高转速。 对该三个分梳辊的分梳单元做扩展， 可以使用 9个分梳辊组成分 梳单元， 并按照变速辊与定速辊依次交替的方式布置； 即顺序为变速 辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊依次相邻布置， 布置平面与地面垂直。 在操作中， 特殊的驱动 机构使得其中两个变速辊在做变速转动的同时， 还做沿轴向的往复运 动。 这样的分梳单元可以取代： 待审专利申请 2009100219713 (申请日 2009年 4月 13日） 中的分梳单元， 组成新的分梳机， 使得该分梳机显 著提高产量， 增加经济效益。 对比待审专利申请 2010102231943 (申请日 2010年 7月 12 日） 提出的方案， 本发明在机器运行时运输辊的沿轴向的往复运动是可以 控制的。 在机器运行时： 依据控制部分的指令当运输辊停止沿轴向的 往复运动时， 配合喂入部分和出机部分的停止， 分梳机只做分梳而没 有喂入和出机； 当分梳部分的纤维达到预定的质量指标后， 运输辊的 沿轴向的往复运动、 喂入部分和出机部分恢复运行， 分梳机可以输出 预定质量指标的无毛绒。 因此本发明可以很方便的根据指令获得所需 要的无毛绒。 变速辊在做变速转动的同时， 还做沿轴向的往复运动， 这样的辊还具有运输纤维的作用， 又称作运输辊。 关于运输辊的定义 和作用， 可参见本申请人的申请号为 2009100219713 的专利申请的有 关内容。 根据本发明的方法， 既保持了剥取分梳时纤维损伤少的优点， 又 显著提高了剥取分梳的效率， 并且显著提高了机器的去除粗毛、 杂质 的能力， 从而可以显著提高机器的产量， 降低生产成本。 尽管已经参照特定的具体实施例描述了本发明， 但是在不偏离如 权利要求所定义的本发明的范围和精神的前提下， 本发明的各种修改、 改型和部件替换对本领域的技术人员是显而易见的。

Claims

1. 一种分梳机， 用于从喂入的绒毛中分离出满足预定规格的无毛 绒， 包括： 由分梳单元构成的分梳部分； 喂入部分， 用于把所述绒毛 输送给所述分梳部分； 出机部分， 用于把所述分梳部分分离出的无毛 绒转移出机； 驱动部分， 用于驱动所述分梳单元按照预定的运动模式 来运行，
所述分梳机的特征是：
所述分梳单元包括沿着其布置平面依次相邻布置的多个辊， 其中 每两个变速辊中间的辊是定速辊， 定速辊两旁的辊是变速辊，
所述驱动部分驱动所述分梳单元， 使得： 定速辊按设定的转速匀 速转动， 而变速辊做变速转动， 并且在一个运行周期内， 对于定速辊， 其一侧的变速辊从低转速变为高转速， 再从高转速变为低转速， 而另 一侧的变速辊同步地从高转速变为低转速， 再从低转速变为高转速； 以及当变速辊由高转速变为低转速时， 其表面线速度变至低于相邻的 定速辊的表面线速度； 以及当变速辊由低转速变为高转速时， 其表面 线速度变至高于相邻的定速辊的表面线速度。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 所述分梳单元的布置平面与地面 垂直。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 所述分梳单元的分梳辊的数量是 3个， 顺序为变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊依次相邻布置， 布置平面与地面 垂直。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 所述分梳单元的分梳辊的数量是 9个， 顺序为变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊、 定速辊、 变 速辊、 定速辊、 变速辊依次相邻布置， 布置平面与地面垂直。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 其中所述分梳单元变速辊和定速 辊的直径相同。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 其中所述分梳单元变速辊的直径 大于定速辊的直径。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 所述分梳单元其中的一个或者两 个变速辊在做变速转动的同时， 在所述驱动部分驱动下还做沿轴向的 往复运动使得纤维从辊的一端输入部区间逐步向另一端输出部区间转 移。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机， 所述分梳单元靠近相邻分梳辊的 转入区间沿分梳辊的轴向设置直筒形的导流筒， 导流筒上安装固定盖 板。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的分梳机，其中所述驱动部分包括控制装置、 动力传递装置和非圆齿轮系。
10. 如权利要求 1 所述的分梳机， 其中所述驱动部分包括所述控 制装置控制动力传递装置使得变速辊沿轴向往复运动按照预定的运动 和停止两种运动模式来运行。
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