WO2011162151A1 - 封止膜形成方法、封止膜形成装置、有機発光素子 - Google Patents
封止膜形成方法、封止膜形成装置、有機発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011162151A1 WO2011162151A1 PCT/JP2011/063780 JP2011063780W WO2011162151A1 WO 2011162151 A1 WO2011162151 A1 WO 2011162151A1 JP 2011063780 W JP2011063780 W JP 2011063780W WO 2011162151 A1 WO2011162151 A1 WO 2011162151A1
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- layer
- sealing film
- hydrocarbon
- inorganic layer
- forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
- H05B33/04—Sealing arrangements, e.g. against humidity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/84—Coatings, e.g. passivation layers or antireflective coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K59/873—Encapsulations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sealing film forming method for forming a sealing film for sealing an organic light emitting element, a sealing film forming apparatus, and an organic light emitting element on which a sealing film is formed.
- Organic EL elements using electroluminescence (EL) have been developed.
- Organic EL devices have advantages such as lower power consumption than cathode ray tubes, self-luminous emission, and superior viewing angle compared to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and future development is expected. .
- the organic EL element is vulnerable to moisture, and the moisture that has entered from the defective portion of the element reduces the luminance of light emission or generates a non-light emitting part region called a dark spot.
- the sealing film is formed.
- An inorganic layer such as silicon nitride or aluminum oxide is used as a sealing film that requires a low-temperature process such as an organic EL element and requires extremely high moisture permeability.
- a sealing film using a laminated structure of an inorganic layer and an organic layer such as a UV curable resin has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a buffer layer of a photocurable resin is formed on an organic EL element, cured, and an inorganic layer is further formed on the buffer layer. However, the buffer layer is cured. There is a problem that the organic EL element deteriorates due to ultraviolet rays irradiated at that time. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a method of forming an inorganic layer on an organic EL element and forming a photocurable resin layer on the inorganic layer.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method of sequentially forming an inorganic layer, an organic layer, and an inorganic layer on an organic EL element.
- impurity particles adhere to the glass substrate. In such a case, there is a possibility that a defect in which moisture enters may occur, and high moisture permeability cannot be secured unless the inorganic layer is formed thick.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a sealing film forming method and a sealing film capable of forming a sealing film having high moisture permeation resistance in a shorter time and at a lower cost than conventional techniques.
- a forming apparatus and an organic light emitting element are provided.
- a sealing film forming method is a sealing film forming method for forming a sealing film for sealing an organic light emitting element, wherein a first inorganic layer is formed on a surface of the organic light emitting element, After forming a hydrocarbon layer on the first inorganic layer, planarizing the hydrocarbon layer by softening or melting (reflowing), curing the hydrocarbon layer, and curing the hydrocarbon layer, A second inorganic layer thicker than the first inorganic layer is formed on the hydrocarbon layer.
- the sealing film forming apparatus is a sealing film forming apparatus for forming a sealing film for sealing an organic light emitting element, and means for forming a first inorganic layer on the surface of the organic light emitting element.
- the organic light emitting device is an organic light emitting device sealed with a sealing film, wherein the sealing film includes a first inorganic layer formed on a surface of the organic light emitting device and the first inorganic layer.
- a reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer formed on the layer and a second inorganic layer formed on the hydrocarbon layer, wherein the second inorganic layer is thicker than the first inorganic layer It is characterized by.
- the first inorganic layer is formed on the surface of the organic light emitting device, contamination or chemical reaction of the organic light emitting device due to the organic component of the hydrocarbon layer is not generated in the subsequent film formation step. It does not occur. Since the reflowed hydrocarbon layer is formed on the first inorganic layer, the organic light emitting device is coated without any defects. Further, since the hydrocarbon layer has a flat reflow shape, an inorganic layer is formed on the hydrocarbon layer without defects. Furthermore, since the hydrocarbon layer is hardened, generation of defects due to re-softening or melting of the hydrocarbon layer and entry of moisture can be reliably prevented.
- the hydrocarbon layer can be formed thicker in a shorter time than the inorganic layer
- the second inorganic layer that functions as a moisture-permeable film is thinner and shorter in a shorter time than the inorganic layer in the prior art. It becomes possible to form. Even when the second inorganic layer is formed thinner than the inorganic layer in the prior art, the foundation of the second inorganic layer is a flat reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer, thus ensuring moisture resistance. can do.
- the second inorganic layer that functions as a moisture-permeable film is formed to be relatively thick, while the first inorganic layer that functions as a protective film in the film forming process is formed to be thin. Therefore, the formation time of the inorganic layer is shortened. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the formation time of the sealing film, particularly the inorganic layer, while ensuring moisture permeability.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL device manufacturing system according to Modification 2.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory view conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing an example of an organic EL device according to Modification 3.
- FIG. 1A are explanatory views conceptually showing an example of a sealing film forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the organic EL element 12 is formed on the glass substrate 11 on which the anode layer 11a such as an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film is formed as shown in FIG. 1A
- the glass on which the anode layer 11a is formed as shown in FIG. 1B the glass on which the anode layer 11a is formed as shown in FIG. 1B.
- a first inorganic layer 13 a is formed on the surface of the substrate 11 and the organic EL element 12.
- the first inorganic layer 13a is a silicon nitride film, for example, and is formed by a low temperature plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method.
- the first inorganic layer 13a may be formed of a silicon oxide film or an aluminum oxide film.
- the silicon oxide film is formed by plasma CVD.
- the thickness of the first inorganic layer 13a is about 100 to 1000 nm.
- the silicon nitride film as the first inorganic layer 13a improves the bonding property with the first amorphous carbon layer 13b formed in the next step as a more preferable sealing film forming method. Bondability or adhesion between the silicon nitride film via the layer 13b and the hydrocarbon layer 13c can be improved. That is, the bondability between the silicon nitride film and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is higher than the bondability between the glass substrate 11 and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b, and the hydrocarbons formed by the subsequent film formation process. The bondability between the layer 13c and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is also higher than the bondability between the silicon nitride film and the hydrocarbon layer 13c. Therefore, the silicon nitride film and the hydrocarbon layer 13c through the first amorphous carbon layer 13b can be formed more closely on the glass substrate 11, and the moisture permeability resistance can be improved.
- a first amorphous carbon layer 13b is formed on the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is formed by plasma CVD, for example, and has a thickness of 100 to 500 nm.
- a hydrocarbon layer 13 c is formed on the first amorphous carbon layer 13 b formed in the organic EL element 12.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed by, for example, a vacuum evaporation method. Specifically, by heating the hydrocarbon material in a solid state at room temperature, the hydrocarbon material is evaporated, and the vapor of the hydrocarbon material is conveyed by a carrier gas such as argon (Ar) gas. It supplies on the 1st amorphous carbon layer 13b.
- the vapor of the hydrocarbon material supplied onto the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is condensed by holding the glass substrate 11 at a temperature lower than the melting point of the hydrocarbon material, and carbonized.
- a hydrogen layer 13c can be formed.
- the thickness of the hydrocarbon layer 13c is, for example, 0.5 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the molecular formula, molecular weight, and melting point of typical hydrocarbon materials are shown in the following table.
- hydrocarbons having a melting point of about 100 ° C. or lower More preferably, a hydrocarbon having a melting point of 50 ° C. or lower is used. Deterioration of the organic EL element 12 can be prevented. Deterioration of the organic EL element 12 can be prevented more reliably.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is heated to soften or melt the hydrocarbon layer 13c, and the hydrocarbon layer 13c is flattened by a reflow action.
- hatched arrows represent infrared rays.
- the heating temperature of the hydrocarbon layer 13c is set within a temperature range in which the hydrocarbon layer 13c is softened or melted and the organic EL element 12 is not deteriorated.
- By softening or melting the hydrocarbon layer 13c a flat film with good coverage can be formed.
- Impurity particles are usually attached to the glass substrate 11. Some of the impurity particles are about 3 ⁇ m.
- the glass substrate 11 and the impurity particles may not be covered with the hydrocarbon layer 13c, and a defective portion may be generated. If a defective part is left, moisture permeability resistance may be lowered, and there is a possibility of adversely affecting a subsequent film formation process, which is not preferable. Therefore, by softening or melting the hydrocarbon layer 13c, the hydrocarbon layer 13c can be flattened and the defective portion can be buried.
- the electron beam is irradiated and the hydrocarbon layer is subjected to a crosslinking reaction of the hydrocarbon material. 13c is cured.
- a broken arrow represents an electron beam.
- Heat resistance can be improved by hardening the hydrocarbon layer 13c. By improving the heat resistance of the hydrocarbon layer 13c, the reflow shape can be maintained in the subsequent steps.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is a UV curable resin
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c may be cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.
- the organic EL element 12 Since the 1st inorganic layer 13a is formed in the foundation
- a second amorphous carbon layer 13d is formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c.
- the formation method of the second amorphous carbon layer 13d is the same as that of the first amorphous carbon layer 13b.
- a second inorganic layer 13e thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a is formed on the second amorphous carbon layer 13d.
- the second inorganic layer 13e is formed by the same method as the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the second inorganic layer 13e is the outermost layer of the sealing film 13 and functions as a moisture-permeable film, so is formed thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the thickness of the second inorganic layer 13e is 1.0 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c which is the base of the second inorganic layer 13e, has a flat reflow shape, and defects due to impurity particles have also disappeared, so that the surface of the hydrocarbon layer 13c can be reliably covered.
- FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an example of the organic EL device according to the present embodiment.
- an anode layer 11 a, a light emitting layer, and a cathode layer 12 g are laminated on a glass substrate 11, and the entire layers are sealed with a sealing film 13.
- the anode layer 11a is a transparent electrode that can transmit light of the light emitting layer, for example, an ITO film.
- the light emitting layer has a six-layer structure in which the first to sixth layers are stacked by, for example, vacuum deposition.
- the first layer is a hole transport layer 12a
- the second layer is a hole injection layer 12b
- the third layer is a blue light emitting layer 12c
- the fourth layer is a red light emitting layer 12d
- the fifth layer is a green light emitting layer 12e
- the sixth layer is an electron.
- This is the transport layer 12f.
- the cathode layer 12g is a film formed of silver, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, a lithium aluminum alloy, an alloy of magnesium and silver, or the like formed by vapor deposition.
- the organic EL element 12 thus formed on the glass substrate 11 is covered with the sealing film 13.
- the sealing film 13 includes a first inorganic layer 13a formed on the surface of the organic EL element 12, a first amorphous carbon layer 13b formed on the first inorganic layer 13a, and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b. Formed on the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c, the second amorphous carbon layer 13d formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c, and a thicker layer than the first inorganic layer 13a on the second amorphous carbon layer 13d. And a second inorganic layer 13e.
- the first and second inorganic layers 13a and 13e are silicon nitride, a silicon oxide film or aluminum oxide, and the hydrocarbon layer 13c is so-called paraffin.
- the thickness of the first inorganic layer 13a is about 100 to 1000 nm
- the thickness of the hydrocarbon layer 13c is 0.5 to 2.0 ⁇ m
- the thickness of the second inorganic layer 13e is 1.0 to 3.0 ⁇ m
- the first and first The thickness of the two amorphous carbon layers 13b and 13d is 100 to 500 nm.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the organic EL device manufacturing system 2.
- the organic EL device manufacturing system 2 includes a loader 21, a transfer module (TM) 22, a film forming apparatus 23, a transfer module (TM) 24, and electrodes arranged in series along the conveyance direction of the glass substrate 11.
- a forming device 25, a transfer module (TM) 26, a sealing film forming device 27, a transfer module (TM) 28, and an unloader 29 are included.
- the transfer module (TM) is referred to as a transfer module, and for convenience of drawing, the transfer module is denoted as TM in the drawing.
- the loader 21 is an apparatus for carrying the glass substrate 11, for example, the glass substrate 11 on which the anode layer 11 a has been previously formed, into the organic EL device manufacturing system 2.
- the transfer modules 22, 24, 26, and 28 are devices for transferring the glass substrate 11 between the processing devices.
- the film forming apparatus 23 forms the hole injection layer 12a, the hole transport layer 12b, the blue light emitting layer 12c, the red light emitting layer 12d, the green light emitting layer 12e, and the electron transport layer 12f on the glass substrate 11 by vacuum deposition. It is a device.
- the electrode forming device 25 is a device that forms the cathode layer 12g on the electron transport layer 12f by evaporating, for example, silver, aluminum, aluminum alloy, lithium aluminum alloy, magnesium and silver alloy using a pattern mask. It is.
- the sealing film forming apparatus 27 is an apparatus for forming the sealing film 13 by CVD, vapor deposition, or the like and sealing various films formed on the glass substrate 11.
- the unloader 29 is an apparatus for carrying the glass substrate 11 out of the organic EL device manufacturing system 2.
- the sealing film forming apparatus 27 includes a first CVD apparatus 3, a transfer module 81, a second CVD apparatus 4, a transfer module 82, a vapor deposition apparatus 5, a transfer module 83, and a third CVD apparatus that are arranged in series along the conveyance direction of the glass substrate 11. 6, the transfer module 84, and the fourth CVD apparatus 7.
- the first CVD apparatus 3 is an apparatus for forming the first inorganic layer 13a on the surface of the organic EL element 12
- the second CVD apparatus 4 is an apparatus for forming the first amorphous carbon layer 13b on the first inorganic layer 13a, and a vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the fourth CVD apparatus 7 is an apparatus that forms a second inorganic layer 13e thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a on the second amorphous carbon layer 13d.
- FIG. 4 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration example of the first CVD apparatus 3.
- the first CVD apparatus 3 is, for example, an RLSA (Radial Slot Antenna) type, and includes a substantially cylindrical processing chamber 301 that is airtight and grounded.
- the processing chamber 301 is made of, for example, aluminum, and has a flat plate-shaped annular bottom wall 301a in which a circular opening 310 is formed in a substantially central portion, and a side wall provided around the bottom wall 301a, and an upper portion thereof. It is open. Note that a cylindrical liner made of quartz may be provided on the inner periphery of the processing chamber 301.
- An annular gas introducing member 315 is provided on the side wall of the processing chamber 301, and a processing gas supply system 316 is connected to the gas introducing member 315.
- the gas introduction member 315 is arranged in a shower shape, for example.
- a predetermined processing gas is introduced into the processing chamber 301 from the processing gas supply system 316 via the gas introduction member 315.
- the processing gas an appropriate one is used according to the type and content of the plasma processing. For example, when a silicon nitride film is formed by plasma CVD, monosilane (SiH 4 ) gas, ammonia (NH 3 ), nitrogen (N 2 ) gas, or the like is used.
- loading / unloading ports 325 and 325 for loading and unloading the glass substrate 11 with the transfer modules 26 and 28 adjacent to the first CVD apparatus 3, and loading / unloading ports 325 and 325.
- Gate valves 326 and 326 for opening and closing are provided.
- the bottom wall 301 a of the processing chamber 301 is provided with a bottomed cylindrical exhaust chamber 311 protruding downward so as to communicate with the opening 310.
- An exhaust pipe 323 is provided on the side wall of the exhaust chamber 311, and an exhaust apparatus 324 including a high-speed vacuum pump is connected to the exhaust pipe 323.
- the exhaust device 324 By operating the exhaust device 324, the gas in the processing chamber 301 is uniformly discharged into the space 311 a of the exhaust chamber 311 and is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 323. Therefore, the inside of the processing chamber 301 can be decompressed at a high speed to a predetermined degree of vacuum, for example, 0.133 Pa.
- a guide 304 for holding the glass substrate 11 is provided at the outer edge of the sample stage 302.
- a heater power source 306 for heating the glass substrate 11 and a DC power source 308 for electrostatic adsorption are connected to the sample stage 302.
- An opening formed in the upper part of the processing chamber 301 is provided with a ring-shaped support portion 327 along the peripheral edge thereof.
- a disk-shaped dielectric window 328 made of a dielectric material such as quartz or Al 2 O 3 and transmitting microwaves is hermetically provided on the support portion 327 via a seal member 329.
- a disk-shaped slot plate 331 is provided above the dielectric window 328 so as to face the sample table 302.
- the slot plate 331 is locked to the upper end of the side wall of the processing chamber 301 while being in surface contact with the dielectric window 328.
- the slot plate 331 is made of a conductor, for example, a copper plate or an aluminum plate whose surface is gold-plated, and has a configuration in which a plurality of microwave radiation slots 332 are formed in a predetermined pattern. That is, the slot plate 331 constitutes an RLSA antenna.
- the microwave radiation slots 332 have, for example, a long groove shape, and are disposed close to each other so that a pair of adjacent microwave radiation slots 332 are substantially L-shaped.
- the plurality of microwave radiation slots 332 forming a pair are arranged concentrically. The length and arrangement interval of the microwave radiation slots 332 are determined according to the wavelength of the microwave and the like.
- a dielectric plate 333 having a dielectric constant larger than that of a vacuum is provided on the upper surface of the slot plate 331 so as to be in surface contact with each other.
- the dielectric plate 333 has a flat dielectric disk portion.
- a hole is formed in a substantially central portion of the dielectric disk portion.
- a cylindrical microwave incident portion protrudes from the peripheral edge of the hole substantially perpendicular to the dielectric disk portion.
- a disc-shaped shield lid 334 is provided on the upper surface of the processing chamber 301 so as to cover the slot plate 331 and the dielectric plate 333.
- the shield lid 334 is made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel.
- a space between the upper surface of the processing chamber 301 and the shield lid 334 is sealed with a seal member 335.
- a lid-side cooling water channel 334a is formed inside the shield lid 334. By passing cooling water through the lid-side cooling water channel 334a, a slot plate 331, a dielectric window 328, and a dielectric plate 333 are formed.
- the shield lid 334 is configured to be cooled.
- the shield lid 334 is grounded.
- An opening 336 is formed in the center of the upper wall of the shield lid 334, and a waveguide 337 is connected to the opening.
- the waveguide 337 has a circular cross-section coaxial waveguide 337a extending upward from the opening 336 of the shield lid 334, and a horizontal cross-section extending in the horizontal direction connected to the upper end of the coaxial waveguide 337a.
- the microwave generator 339 is connected to the end of the rectangular waveguide 337b through a matching circuit 338.
- a microwave generated by the microwave generator 339 for example, a microwave having a frequency of 2.45 GHz, is propagated to the slot plate 331 through the waveguide 337.
- the microwave frequency may be 8.35 GHz, 1.98 GHz, 915 MHz, or the like.
- a mode converter 340 is provided at the end of the rectangular waveguide 337b on the connection portion side with the coaxial waveguide 337a.
- the coaxial waveguide 337 a includes a cylindrical coaxial outer conductor 342 and a coaxial inner conductor 341 disposed along the center line of the coaxial outer conductor 342, and the lower end portion of the coaxial inner conductor 341 has a slot plate 331. Fixed in the center of the connection. The microwave incident portion of the dielectric plate 333 is fitted in the coaxial waveguide 337a.
- the first CVD apparatus 3 includes a process controller 350 that controls each component of the first CVD apparatus 3.
- a user interface 351 including a keyboard for a process manager to input commands to manage the first CVD apparatus 3, a display for visualizing and displaying the operation status of the first CVD apparatus 3, and the like.
- the process controller 350 stores a control program for realizing various processes executed by the first CVD apparatus 3 under the control of the process controller 350, a process control program in which process condition data and the like are recorded. 352 is connected.
- the process controller 350 calls and executes an arbitrary process control program according to an instruction from the user interface 351 from the storage unit 352, and a desired process is performed in the first CVD apparatus 3 under the control of the process controller 350.
- the configuration of the first CVD apparatus 3 has been described above, but the configuration of the second and third CVD apparatuses 4 and 6 is the same as that of the first CVD apparatus 3.
- the second and third CVD apparatuses 4 and 6 are different in that they are configured to supply a processing gas for forming an amorphous carbon layer from a processing gas supply system 316.
- a processing gas for forming an amorphous carbon layer is formed, hydrocarbon (C x H y ) gas, argon (Ar) gas, or the like is used.
- x and y are integers, and the hydrocarbon (C x H y ) gas is, for example, methane (CH 4 ).
- the fourth CVD apparatus 7 has basically the same configuration as the first CVD apparatus 3.
- FIG. 5 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration example of the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 5 accommodates the glass substrate 11 and includes a processing chamber 501 for performing vapor deposition, reflow treatment, and curing treatment of the hydrocarbon layer 13c on the glass substrate 11 therein.
- the processing chamber 501 has a hollow, substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape whose longitudinal direction is the transport direction, and is made of aluminum, stainless steel, or the like.
- Transport ports 511 and 511 for transporting the glass substrate 11 into and out of the processing chamber 501 are formed on the surfaces on both ends in the longitudinal direction of the processing chamber 501, and the transport ports 511 and 511 are opened and closed by the gate valves 512 and 512. It is configured as follows.
- An exhaust pipe 513 is provided at an appropriate location in the processing chamber 501, and an exhaust apparatus 514 including a high-speed vacuum pump is connected to the exhaust pipe 513.
- a predetermined pressure for example, 10 ⁇ 2 Pa.
- the transfer device 502 that transfers the glass substrate 11 carried into the processing chamber 501 is installed.
- the transfer device 502 includes a guide rail provided along the longitudinal direction at the bottom of the processing chamber 501, and a moving member that is guided by the guide rail and provided so as to be movable in the transfer direction, that is, the longitudinal direction.
- a support base 503 that supports the glass substrate 11 substantially horizontally is provided at the upper end of the moving member.
- An electrostatic chuck that holds the glass substrate 11, a heater that keeps or heats the temperature of the glass substrate 11, a refrigerant tube, and the like are provided inside the support base 503.
- the support base 503 is configured to move by a linear motor.
- a substrate processing head 504 is provided in the upper portion of the processing chamber 501 and substantially in the center in the transport direction.
- the substrate processing head 504 softens the deposited hydrocarbon layer 13c by irradiating the glass substrate 11 with infrared rays and a deposition head 541 that forms the hydrocarbon layer 13c on the glass substrate 11 by vacuum deposition.
- an infrared irradiation head 542 for melting and a curing processing head 543 for curing the hydrocarbon by irradiating the glass substrate 11 with an electron beam or ultraviolet rays are provided.
- the apparatus that performs all of the vapor deposition, reflow treatment, and curing process of the hydrocarbon layer 13c is illustrated, but the vapor deposition apparatus that performs the vapor deposition of the hydrocarbon layer 13c, the reflow treatment apparatus that performs the reflow process, You may comprise the hardening processing apparatus which performs a hardening process as an independent apparatus, respectively.
- the vapor deposition head 541 is a mechanism unit that blows the vapor of the hydrocarbon material conveyed through the conveyance pipe toward the glass substrate 11 accommodated in the processing chamber 501.
- a vapor generation unit 545 disposed outside the processing chamber 501 is connected to the vapor deposition head 541 via a transfer pipe.
- the steam generating unit 545 includes, for example, a stainless steel container and a heating mechanism disposed inside the container.
- the heating mechanism has a container that can contain the hydrocarbon material, and is configured to heat the hydrocarbon material with electric power supplied from a power source.
- Hydrocarbon material is a paraffin represented by such as molecular formula C x H y. The heating of the hydrocarbon material is performed, for example, by heating with an electric resistor embedded in the container.
- the container is connected to a carrier gas supply pipe for supplying a carrier gas made of an inert gas, for example, a rare gas such as argon (Ar), to the glass substrate 11.
- the carrier gas supply pipe is connected to the container.
- the vapor of the hydrocarbon material is supplied from the steam generation unit 545 to the vapor deposition head 541 through the carrier pipe.
- flow rate adjustment valves 544 and 546 for adjusting the supply amount of the carrier gas are provided.
- the flow rate adjusting valves 544 and 546 are, for example, electromagnetic valves, and the opening / closing operation of the flow rate adjusting valves 544 and 546 is configured to be controlled by a process controller 550 described later.
- the infrared irradiation head 542 irradiates, for example, the substantially entire surface of the hydrocarbon layer 13 c formed on the glass substrate 11, that is, the region where the sealing film 13 is to be formed, by transporting the glass substrate 11 by the support base 503.
- Infrared lamps arranged as described above. It is sufficient for the intensity of infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp to be able to soften or melt the hydrocarbon layer 13 c formed on the glass substrate 11.
- the infrared irradiation head 542 is an example of means for heating the hydrocarbon layer 13c.
- a hot plate for heating the hydrocarbon layer 13c may be provided on the support base 503.
- the curing head 543 for example, when the glass substrate 11 is conveyed by the support base 503, an electron beam is applied to substantially the entire surface of the hydrocarbon layer 13 c formed on the glass substrate 11, i.
- An electron gun arranged to be irradiated is provided, and the operation of the electron gun is controlled by a process controller 550.
- the curing head 543 includes an ultraviolet lamp that irradiates the glass substrate 11 with ultraviolet rays.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 5 includes a process controller 550 that controls each component of the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- a process controller 550 Connected to the process controller 550 is a user interface through which a process manager performs command input operations and the like in order to manage the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the process controller 550 stores a control unit for realizing various processes executed by the vapor deposition apparatus 5 under the control of the process controller 550, a process control program storing process condition data, and the like. Is connected.
- the process controller 550 calls and executes an arbitrary process control program in accordance with an instruction from the user interface from the storage unit 552, and performs desired processing in the vapor deposition apparatus 5 under the control of the process controller 550.
- the glass substrate 11 on which the anode layer 11 a has been formed in advance is carried into the film forming apparatus 23 via the loader 21.
- the organic EL element 12 is formed on the glass substrate 11.
- it is carried into the electrode forming apparatus 25 at the back by the transfer module 24, and the cathode layer 12g is formed.
- the transfer module 26, 81, 82, 83, 84 sequentially transfers the glass substrate 11 to the first and second CVD apparatuses 3 and 4, the vapor deposition apparatus 5, the third and fourth CVD apparatuses 6 and 7, and each apparatus.
- the first inorganic layer 13a, the first amorphous carbon layer 13b, the hydrocarbon layer 13c, the second amorphous carbon layer 13d, and the second inorganic layer 13e are sequentially formed on the organic EL element 12, and the organic EL element 12 is sealed. Stopped. Then, the glass substrate 11 on which the organic EL element 12 is sealed is carried out to the outside by the transfer module 28 via the unloader 29.
- the sealing film 13 having high moisture permeability resistance in a shorter time and at a lower cost than in the prior art.
- a thick single inorganic layer for burying impurity particles adhering to the surface of the glass substrate 11 is formed as a sealing film by a low temperature process, it takes a time of several hours to form the sealing film. Occurs. Further, even if a thick inorganic layer sealing film for burying impurity particles is formed, there is a problem that some defective portions remain.
- a sealing film composed of a single organic layer there is a possibility that contamination of the organic EL element 12 due to the organic component of the sealing film or a chemical reaction may occur.
- the organic EL element 12 is deteriorated by forming the first inorganic layer 13a on the organic EL element 12 and forming the hydrocarbon layer 13c on the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the problem of doing can be solved.
- the second inorganic layer 13e on the flat reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c with good coverage, moisture resistance can be ensured. It is also conceivable to form a sealing film with the first inorganic layer 13a and the hydrocarbon layer 13c that are somewhat thick without forming the second inorganic layer 13e.
- the film thickness of the first inorganic layer 13a is a thin layer that cannot bury the impurity particles adhering to the surface of the glass substrate 11, a defect portion is generated, and the defect portion is a hydrocarbon layer. It becomes a structure covered only with 13c. In this case, moisture may reach the organic EL element 12 through the hydrocarbon layer 13c and the defect portion, which are inferior in moisture permeability compared to the inorganic layer, and the organic EL element 12 is deteriorated.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is further covered with the second inorganic layer 13e, the above-described problem of moisture resistance can also be solved.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed on the glass substrate 11 by a vacuum vapor deposition method using a hydrocarbon material that is solid at room temperature, vapor deposition is performed as compared with the case where a film is formed using a liquid hydrocarbon material.
- production of the impurity particle which contaminates the inside of the apparatus 5 can be suppressed, and the defect of an organic EL device can be reduced.
- the inorganic layer is formed by plasma CVD, generation of unnecessary impurity particles can be suppressed and defects of the organic EL device can be reduced as compared with the case where the inorganic layer is formed by sputtering. .
- first and second amorphous carbon layers 13b, 13d are formed between the first and second inorganic layers 13a, 13e and the hydrocarbon layer 13c, the first and second inorganic layers 13a, It is possible to improve the bondability or moisture permeability resistance between 13e and the hydrocarbon layer 13c.
- the curing process of the hydrocarbon layer and the forming process of the second amorphous carbon layer are sequentially performed.
- the curing process and the forming process may be performed in parallel. That is, the hydrocarbon layer may be cured by using electrons in plasma generated when the second amorphous carbon is formed by plasma CVD.
- dissolves a hydrocarbon layer by irradiating infrared rays comprises heating means, such as a heater, in a support stand, and it is comprised so that a hydrocarbon layer may be softened or melted by this heating means. You may do it.
- sealing film having a five-layer structure is illustrated, other layers may be further interposed.
- the organic EL element may be sealed with a sealing film that does not include one or both of the first and second amorphous carbon layers.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL device manufacturing system 102 according to the first modification.
- the organic EL device manufacturing system 102 according to Modification 1 includes a loader 21, a transfer module 22, a film forming apparatus 23, a transfer module 24, an electrode forming apparatus 25, and a transfer module 26 that are arranged in series along the conveyance direction of the glass substrate 11. , And a sealing film forming device 27 and an unloader 29 provided so as to branch from the transfer module 26.
- the sealing film forming apparatus 27 includes a first CVD apparatus 3, a transfer module 181, a second CVD apparatus 4, a transfer module 182, and a vapor deposition apparatus 5 that are arranged in series in the transport direction of the glass substrate 11. 11 is conveyed so as to reciprocate between the first CVD apparatus 3, the second CVD apparatus 4 and the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the first CVD apparatus 3 also serves as the fourth CVD apparatus 7 described in the embodiment
- the second CVD apparatus 4 also serves as the third CVD apparatus 6.
- the operation of the organic EL device manufacturing system 102 according to Modification 1 will be described.
- the steps up to forming the cathode layer 12g and forming the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c are the same as in the embodiment.
- the glass substrate 11 on which the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed is transferred again to the second CVD apparatus 4 by the transfer module 182, and the second amorphous carbon layer 13d is formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c.
- the glass substrate 11 on which the second amorphous carbon layer 13 d is formed is transported to the first CVD apparatus 3 by the transfer module 181.
- the second inorganic layer 13 e is formed on the second amorphous carbon layer 13 d and is carried out to the unloader 29 by the transfer module 26.
- the sealing film 13 according to the present embodiment can be formed by the two CVD apparatuses and the vapor deposition apparatus 5, and the apparatus can be miniaturized.
- the organic EL device manufacturing system 102 can be configured at low cost.
- the inorganic layer and the amorphous carbon layer are formed by different CVD apparatuses. However, by switching the type of gas to be supplied, the inorganic layer is formed using a single CVD apparatus. In addition, an amorphous carbon layer may be formed.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL device manufacturing system 202 according to the second modification.
- the organic EL device manufacturing system 202 according to Modification 2 includes a loader 21, a transfer module 22, a film forming apparatus 23, a transfer module 24, an electrode forming apparatus 25, and a transfer module 26 that are arranged in series in the transport direction of the glass substrate 11. , And a sealing film forming apparatus 27 and an unloader 29.
- the sealing film forming apparatus 27 includes a first CVD apparatus 3, a transfer module 281, and a second CVD apparatus 4 that are arranged in series in the conveyance direction of the glass substrate 11, and the transfer module 281 includes the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the glass substrate 11 is provided so as to be branched, and is transported so as to move between the first CVD apparatus 3, the second CVD apparatus 4, and the vapor deposition apparatus 5.
- the transfer module 281 is provided with a buffer 9 on the opposite side of the vapor deposition apparatus 5 for temporarily accumulating the glass substrate 11 on which the second amorphous carbon layer 13d is formed.
- the buffer 9 is provided with a transfer module 283 on the opposite side of the transfer module 281, and the transfer module 283 is provided with two fourth CVD devices 7 and an unloader.
- the transfer module 283 transports the glass substrate 11 accumulated in the buffer 9 to any of the fourth CVD devices 7, and unloads the glass substrate 11 after the formation of the second inorganic layer 13 e from the fourth CVD devices 7, 7. It is comprised so that it may carry out to.
- the operation of the organic EL device manufacturing system 202 according to Modification 2 will be described.
- the steps up to forming the cathode layer 12g and forming the first inorganic layer 13a and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b using the first and second CVD devices 3 and 4 are the same as those in the embodiment and the first modification. .
- the glass substrate 11 on which the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is formed is transported from the second CVD apparatus 4 to the vapor deposition apparatus 5 by the transfer module 281. And in the vapor deposition apparatus 5, the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed.
- the glass substrate 11 on which the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed is transferred again to the second CVD apparatus 4 by the transfer module 281 and the second amorphous carbon layer 13d is formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c. Then, the glass substrate 11 on which the second amorphous carbon layer 13 d is formed is conveyed to the buffer 9 by the transfer module 281. Then, the glass substrate 11 accumulated in the buffer 9 is transferred to the vacant fourth CVD apparatus 7 by the transfer module 283. In the fourth CVD apparatus 7, the second inorganic layer 13e is formed. The glass substrate 11 on which the second inorganic layer 13e is formed is carried out to the unloader 29 by the transfer module 283.
- the fourth CVD apparatus 7 is provided with the buffer 9 to form the second inorganic layer 13e. Therefore, the sealing film 13 can be formed more quickly than in the first modification.
- the example in which the first and second CVD apparatuses 3 and 4 and the vapor deposition apparatus 5 are provided in the transfer module 281 has been described. Needless to say, this is a configuration example, and as in the first modification.
- the first CVD apparatus 3, the second CVD apparatus 4, and the vapor deposition apparatus 5 may be connected in series via a transfer module.
- (Modification 3) 8A to 8F are explanatory views conceptually illustrating an example of the sealing film forming method according to the third modification.
- the organic EL element 12 is formed on the glass substrate 11 on which the anode layer 11a such as an ITO film is formed as shown in FIG. 8A
- the anode layer 11a is formed as shown in FIG. 8B.
- a first inorganic layer 13 a is formed on the surfaces of the glass substrate 11 and the organic EL element 12 thus formed.
- the structure of the first inorganic layer 13a and the film formation method are the same as in the embodiment.
- a hydrocarbon layer 13c is formed on the first inorganic layer 13a formed in the organic EL element 12.
- the configuration of the hydrocarbon layer 13c and the film formation method are the same as in the embodiment.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c is softened or melted, and the hydrocarbon layer 13c is flattened by a reflow action. Then, after the temperature of the glass substrate 11 is lowered to a temperature lower than the melting point of the hydrocarbon layer 13c, for example, room temperature, as shown in FIG. 8E, the electron beam is irradiated and the hydrocarbon layer is subjected to a crosslinking reaction of the hydrocarbon material. 13c is cured. Note that the planarization of the hydrocarbon layer 13c and the electron beam irradiation treatment may be performed in parallel as appropriate. The method and technical significance of the heating, cooling and electron beam irradiation of the hydrocarbon layer are the same as in the embodiment.
- a second inorganic layer 13e thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a is formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c.
- the second inorganic layer 13e is formed by the same method as the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the second inorganic layer 13e is the outermost layer of the sealing film 313, and functions as a moisture-permeable film, so is formed thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a.
- FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing an example of an organic EL device according to Modification 3.
- the organic EL device according to Modification 3 is formed by laminating an anode layer 11 a, a light emitting layer and a cathode layer 12 g on a glass substrate 11, and the entire layers are sealed with a sealing film 313.
- the configurations of the anode layer 11 a and the light emitting layer are the same as those in the embodiment, and the organic EL element 12 formed on the glass substrate 11 is covered with a sealing film 313.
- the sealing film 313 includes the first inorganic layer 13a formed on the surface of the organic EL element 12, the reflow-shaped hydrocarbon layer 13c formed on the first inorganic layer 13a, and the hydrocarbon layer 13c. And a second inorganic layer 13e formed thicker than the first inorganic layer 13a.
- the configurations of the first and second inorganic layers 13a and 13e and the hydrocarbon layer 13c are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the sealing film 313 having the same effect as the embodiment and having high moisture resistance can be formed in a shorter time and at a lower cost.
- the first and second amorphous carbon layers 13b and 13d are not formed, so that the sealing film 313 can be formed in a shorter time.
- the sealing layer 313 not including both the first and second amorphous carbon layers 13b and 13d and the method of forming the sealing layer 313 have been described.
- one of the first and second amorphous carbon layers 13b and 13d may be formed.
- the hydrocarbon layer 13c has a reflow shape with good coverage
- the formation of the second amorphous carbon layer 13d formed on the hydrocarbon layer 13c is omitted, and the first amorphous carbon layer 13b is formed. good.
- the sealing layer 313 with high moisture resistance can be formed in a short time.
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Abstract
Description
なお、特許文献1には、有機EL素子上に光硬化性樹脂のバッファ層を形成し、硬化させ、バッファ層上に更に無機層を形成する方法が開示されているが、バッファ層を硬化させる際に照射される紫外線によって有機EL素子が劣化するという問題がある。
また、特許文献2には、有機EL素子上に無機層を形成し、該無機層上に光硬化性樹脂層を形成する方法が開示されているが、高い耐透湿性を確保するためには、ガラス基板に付着した不純物パーティクルが無機層で埋没するよう厚く成膜する必要があり、封止膜の形成に要する時間を短縮することはできない。
更に、特許文献3には、有機EL素子上に、無機層、有機層、無機層を順に形成する方法が開示されているが、単純に各層を積層する方法では、ガラス基板に不純物パーティクルが付着している場合、水分が浸入する欠陥が発生する虞があり、やはり無機層を厚く形成しなければ高い耐透湿性を確保することができない。
よって、耐透湿性を確保しつつ、封止膜、特に無機層の形成時間を短縮することが可能になる。
図1乃至図1Hは、本発明の実施の形態に係る封止膜形成方法の一例を概念的に示した説明図である。図1Aに示すようにITO(Indium Tin Oxide)膜等の陽極層11aが形成されたガラス基板11に有機EL素子12を形成した後、図1Bに示すように、陽極層11aが形成されたガラス基板11及び有機EL素子12の表面に第1無機層13aを形成する。第1無機層13aは、例えば窒化珪素膜であり、低温プラズマCVD(chemicalvapordeposition)法により形成する。なお、第1無機層13aをシリコン酸化膜又は酸化アルミニウム膜で形成しても良い。シリコン酸化膜はプラズマCVDにて形成される。第1無機層13aの厚みは、約100~1000nmである。第1無機層13aを形成することによって、後段の成膜処理によって有機EL素子12が破損することを防止することができる。つまり、有機EL素子12と、後段の成膜処理によって形成される有機層である炭化水素層13cとが直接接触すると、封止膜の有機成分による有機EL素子12のコンタミネーション、又は化学反応が発生する可能性があり、そのため第1無機層13aを有機EL素子12上に形成する。また、第1無機層13aである窒化珪素膜は、より好ましい封止膜形成方法として次の工程で形成される第1アモルファスカーボン層13bとの接合性を向上させ、延いては第1アモルファスカーボン層13bを介した窒化珪素膜と、炭化水素層13cとの接合性ないし密着性を向上させることができる。つまり、窒化珪素膜と、第1アモルファスカーボン層13bとの接合性は、ガラス基板11と、第1アモルファスカーボン層13bとの接合性より高く、また、後段の成膜処理によって形成される炭化水素層13cと、第1アモルファスカーボン層13bとの接合性も、窒化珪素膜と、炭化水素層13cとの接合性より高い。従って、第1アモルファスカーボン層13bを介した窒化珪素膜及び炭化水素層13cをガラス基板11により緊密に成膜することができ、耐透湿性を向上させることができる。
ガラス基板11には、通常、不純物パーティクルが付着している。不純物パーティクルには3μm程度のものがあり、該不純物パーティクルの形状によっては、ガラス基板11及び不純物パーティクルが炭化水素層13cで覆われずに欠陥部が発生することがある。欠陥部が残されると、耐透湿性が低下するおそれがあり、後段の成膜処理にも悪影響を及ぼす虞があり、好ましくない。そこで、炭化水素層13cを軟化又は融解させることにより、炭化水素層13cを平坦化させ、該欠陥部を埋没させることができる。
陽極層11aは、発光層の光を透過させることが可能な透明電極、例えばITO膜である。
発光層は、例えば、真空蒸着によって第1層乃至第6層を積層してなる6層構造である。第1層はホール輸送層12a、第2層はホール注入層12b、第3層は青発光層12c、第4層は赤発光層12d、第5層は緑発光層12e、第6層は電子輸送層12fである。なお、ここで説明した第1乃至第6層の構成は一例である。
陰極層12gは、蒸着にて形成された銀、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、リチウムアルミ合金、又はマグネシウム及び銀の合金等で形成された膜である。
成膜装置23は、真空蒸着法にて、ガラス基板11上にホール注入層12a、ホール輸送層12b、青発光層12c、赤発光層12d、緑発光層12e、電子輸送層12fを形成するための装置である。
電極形成装置25は、パターンマスクを用いて、例えば銀、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、リチウムアルミ合金、又はマグネシウム及び銀の合金等を蒸着することによって、電子輸送層12f上に陰極層12gを形成する装置である。
封止膜形成装置27は、封止膜13をCVD及び蒸着等によって形成し、ガラス基板11上に形成された各種膜を封止するための装置である。
アンローダ29は、ガラス基板11を有機ELデバイス製造システム2外へ搬出するための装置である。
また、処理室301の側壁には、第1CVD装置3に隣接するトランファーモジュール26,28との間でガラス基板11の搬入出を行うための搬入出口325,325と、この搬入出口325,325を開閉するゲートバルブ326,326とが設けられている。
なお、実施の形態では、炭化水素層13cの蒸着、リフロー処理及び硬化処理の全てを行う装置を例示したが、炭化水素層13cの蒸着を行う蒸着装置と、リフロー処理を行うリフロー処理装置と、硬化処理を行う硬化処理装置とをそれぞれ単独の装置として構成しても良い。
なお、赤外線照射ヘッド542は、炭化水素層13cを加熱する手段の一例である。例えば、赤外線照射ヘッド542に代えて、炭化水素層13cを加熱するホットプレートを支持台503に備えても良い。
なお、封止膜として、ガラス基板11表面に付着している不純物パーティクルを埋没させる厚い単一の無機層を低温プロセスで形成する場合、封止膜の形成に数時間単位の時間を要するという問題が発生する。また、不純物パーティクルを埋没させる厚い無機層の封止膜を形成したとしても、一部の欠陥部が残存するという問題が発生する。一方で、単一の有機層からなる封止膜を形成する場合、封止膜の有機成分による有機EL素子12のコンタミネーション、又は化学反応が発生する虞があり、無機層のような耐透湿性を確保できないという問題が発生する。ところが、本実施の形態で示すように、有機EL素子12上に第1無機層13aを形成し、該第1無機層13a上に炭化水素層13cを形成することによって、有機EL素子12が劣化するという問題を解消することができる。また、カバレッジの良い平坦なリフロー形状の炭化水素層13c上に、第2無機層13eを形成することによって、耐透湿性も確保することができる。
また、第2無機層13eを形成せず、ある程度厚い第1無機層13aと、炭化水素層13cとで封止膜を形成することも考えられる。しかしながら、第1無機層13aの膜厚が、ガラス基板11表面に付着している不純物パーティクルを埋没させることができない程度の薄い層である場合、欠陥部が発生し、該欠陥部が炭化水素層13cのみで覆われる構造になる。この場合、無機層に比べて耐透湿性に劣る炭化水素層13c及び欠陥部を通じて、水分が有機EL素子12に到達するおそれがあり、有機EL素子12が劣化してしまう。本実施の形態では、炭化水素層13cを更に第2無機層13eで覆っているため、上述の耐透湿性の問題も解消することができる。
図6は、変形例1に係る有機ELデバイス製造システム102の一構成例を示したブロック図である。変形例1に係る有機ELデバイス製造システム102は、ガラス基板11の搬送方向に沿って直列順に並べたローダ21、トランスファーモジュール22、成膜装置23、トランスファーモジュール24、電極形成装置25、トランスファーモジュール26、及び封止膜形成装置27と、トランスファーモジュール26から分岐するように設けられたアンローダ29とによって構成される。
図7は、変形例2に係る有機ELデバイス製造システム202の一構成例を示したブロック図である。変形例2に係る有機ELデバイス製造システム202は、ガラス基板11の搬送方向に沿って直列順に並べたローダ21、トランスファーモジュール22、成膜装置23、トランスファーモジュール24、電極形成装置25、トランスファーモジュール26、及び封止膜形成装置27と、アンローダ29とによって構成される。
なお、変形例2では、トランスファーモジュール281に、第1及び第2CVD装置3,4及び蒸着装置5を設ける例を説明したが、言うまでも無くこれは一構成例であり、変形例1のように、第1CVD装置3、第2CVD装置4、及び蒸着装置5をトランスファーモジュールを介して直列的に接続しても良い。
図8A乃至図8Fは、変形例3に係る封止膜形成方法の一例を概念的に示した説明図である。まず、実施の形態と同様、図8Aに示すようにITO膜等の陽極層11aが形成されたガラス基板11に有機EL素子12を形成した後、図8Bに示すように、陽極層11aが形成されたガラス基板11及び有機EL素子12の表面に第1無機層13aを形成する。第1無機層13aの構造、成膜方法は実施の形態と同様である。
また、変形例3にあっては、第1及び第2アモルファスカーボン層13b,13dを形成しないため、より短時間で封止膜313を形成することができる。
例えば、炭化水素層13cはカバレッジが良いリフロー形状であるため、炭化水素層13c上に形成される第2アモルファスカーボン層13dの形成を省略し、第1アモルファスカーボン層13bを形成するように構成すると良い。この場合、耐透湿性が高い封止層313を短時間で形成することができる。
3 第1CVD装置
4 第2CVD装置
5 蒸着装置
6 第3CVD装置
7 第4CVD装置
11 ガラス基板
11a 陽極層
12 有機EL素子
13 封止膜
13a 第1無機層
13b 第1アモルファスカーボン層
13c 炭化水素層
13d 第2アモルファスカーボン層
13e 第2無機層
27 封止膜形成装置
541 蒸着ヘッド
542 赤外線照射ヘッド
543 硬化処理ヘッド
Claims (8)
- 有機発光素子を封止するための封止膜を形成する封止膜形成方法において、
前記有機発光素子の表面に第1の無機層を形成し、
該第1の無機層上に炭化水素層を形成し、
該炭化水素層を軟化又は融解させることによって平坦化させ、
前記炭化水素層を硬化させ、
前記炭化水素層を硬化させた後、該炭化水素層上に前記第1の無機層よりも厚い第2の無機層を形成する
ことを特徴とする封止膜形成方法。 - 前記第1の無機層を形成した後、前記炭化水素層を形成する前に、該第1の無機層上にアモルファスカーボン層を形成する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の封止膜形成方法。 - 前記炭化水素層を硬化させた後、前記第2の無機層を形成する前に、又は前記炭化水素層を硬化させる処理と並行して、前記炭化水素層上にアモルファスカーボン層を形成する
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の封止膜形成方法。 - 前記無機層は、窒化珪素膜、シリコン酸化膜又は酸化アルミニウム膜である
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一つに記載の封止膜形成方法。 - 前記無機層をプラズマCVDにて形成する
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一つに記載の封止膜形成方法。 - 前記炭化水素層を蒸着によって形成し、
電子線又は紫外線を照射することによって前記炭化水素層を硬化させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一つに記載の封止膜形成方法。 - 有機発光素子を封止するための封止膜を形成する封止膜形成装置において、
前記有機発光素子の表面に第1の無機層を形成する手段と、
該第1の無機層上に炭化水素層を形成する手段と、
該炭化水素層を加熱する手段と、
前記炭化水素層に電子線又は紫外線を照射する手段と、
前記炭化水素層に電子線又は紫外線を照射した後、該炭化水素層上に前記第1の無機層よりも厚い第2の無機層を形成する手段と
を備えることを特徴とする封止膜形成装置。 - 封止膜によって封止された有機発光素子において、
前記封止膜は、
前記有機発光素子の表面に形成された第1の無機層と、
該第1の無機層上に形成されたリフロー形状の炭化水素層と、
該炭化水素層上に形成された第2の無機層と
を備え、
前記第2の無機層は、第1の無機層に比べて厚い
ことを特徴とする有機発光素子。
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| KR1020127033470A KR101326166B1 (ko) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-06-16 | 밀봉막 형성 방법, 밀봉막 형성 장치 |
| JP2012521438A JP5211265B2 (ja) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-06-16 | 封止膜形成方法、封止膜形成装置 |
| CN201180031181.9A CN102948255B (zh) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-06-16 | 密封膜形成方法和密封膜形成装置 |
| US13/723,452 US8674397B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2012-12-21 | Sealing film forming method, sealing film forming device, and light-emitting device |
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| US (1) | US8674397B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5211265B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101326166B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102948255B (ja) |
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| CN111129335A (zh) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | Ap系统股份有限公司 | 有机发光装置和用于制造薄膜包封层的方法 |
| JP2020161498A (ja) * | 2013-07-22 | 2020-10-01 | 三星ディスプレイ株式會社Samsung Display Co.,Ltd. | 有機発光表示装置及びその製造方法 |
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| KR102111562B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-25 | 2020-05-18 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 |
| CN105284186B (zh) | 2013-06-07 | 2017-05-17 | 株式会社爱发科 | 元件结构体及其制造方法 |
| US20160313838A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Touch Screen Integrated Display Device |
| JP2017147191A (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置、及び表示装置の製造方法 |
| KR102595450B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-30 | 2023-11-01 | 주성엔지니어링(주) | 유기 발광 소자 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR102343148B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-29 | 2021-12-27 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제조방법 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| TW201216542A (en) | 2012-04-16 |
| CN102948255A (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
| KR101326166B1 (ko) | 2013-11-06 |
| US8674397B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
| TWI400830B (zh) | 2013-07-01 |
| JP5211265B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
| JPWO2011162151A1 (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
| KR20130049779A (ko) | 2013-05-14 |
| US20130126939A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
| CN102948255B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
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