WO2011155415A1 - Dispositif de séparation solide-liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation solide-liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011155415A1
WO2011155415A1 PCT/JP2011/062840 JP2011062840W WO2011155415A1 WO 2011155415 A1 WO2011155415 A1 WO 2011155415A1 JP 2011062840 W JP2011062840 W JP 2011062840W WO 2011155415 A1 WO2011155415 A1 WO 2011155415A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sludge
pressure
filter cloth
filter
space
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PCT/JP2011/062840
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正 國谷
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メタウォーター株式会社
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Application filed by メタウォーター株式会社 filed Critical メタウォーター株式会社
Priority to JP2012519361A priority Critical patent/JP5985984B2/ja
Publication of WO2011155415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011155415A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
    • B01D29/23—Supported filter elements arranged for outward flow filtration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid-liquid separator, and more particularly to a solid-liquid separator capable of concentrating sludge having a solid content of about 1% by mass to obtain a sludge having a solid content of 40% by mass or more.
  • water for drinking is produced by removing solids from the raw water taken using a method such as coagulation sedimentation. At this time, the solid content in the raw water is discharged as sludge having a solid content concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0% by mass.
  • the sludge having a solid content concentration of about 0.1% by mass is concentrated by natural sedimentation to a solid content concentration of about 1 to 2% by mass.
  • the high-concentration sludge thus obtained was discarded or reused.
  • the sludge concentrated to a solid content concentration of about 1 to 2% by mass is concentrated to a solid content concentration of about 3 to 5% by mass using a siphon type filtration concentration device or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the obtained concentrated sludge was concentrated to a solid content concentration of 40% by mass or more by a pressure dehydrator or the like (for example, see Patent Document 2).
  • the pressure dehydration apparatus and the like deteriorates as the raw water concentration decreases.
  • the filtration rate (the amount of dry solids per unit time) is when the raw water concentration is 5%. Is about one third of the filtration rate.
  • the performance becomes extremely low, making the treatment difficult.
  • a drying method such as incineration
  • the energy required for combustion increases, leading to an increase in cost and an increase in the amount of exhaust gas. Therefore, it is common to perform dehydration and drying after adjusting to an appropriate concentration using a filtration concentrator or the like. That is, conventionally, it was not realistic to treat 1% or less of sludge with a pressure dehydrator.
  • the filter cloth used in the filtration device has a large opening formed by a monofilament,
  • the filter cloth used in the dehydrator had a small opening diameter formed by multifilaments.
  • a high pressure is applied when dewatering sludge with a dehydrator using a filter cloth formed of monofilament made of nylon or the like.
  • a filter cloth formed from a multifilament made of polyester or the like has been used from the viewpoints of improvement in solid content capture efficiency, improvement in strength, improvement in durability, and the like.
  • the filtration device is a device that performs solid-liquid separation at a pressure of 1.0 MPa or less (pressure in the primary space) using a filter cloth, and the dehydrator uses a filter cloth. It is an apparatus that performs solid-liquid separation at a pressure exceeding 1.0 MPa (pressure in the primary side space).
  • the types of filter cloth that can be used differ between the filtration device and the dehydration device. If the filter cloth used in the filtration device is used in the dehydration device, the filter cloth is formed of monofilament. Therefore, in the dehydration device that performs dehydration at a high pressure, the solid content is removed when the dehydration is performed. The problem of passing through arises. Also, if the filter cloth used in the dehydrator is used in the filter apparatus, the filter cloth is formed of multifilaments, so the filter cloth is likely to be clogged during filtration, and further adheres to the filter cloth. There arises a problem that the concentrated sludge is difficult to peel off.
  • This invention is made
  • the present invention provides the following solid-liquid separation device.
  • a filter cloth and a filter body having an interior partitioned by the filter cloth, and a secondary side space that is a space on one side of the filter cloth and a space where filtrate is discharged;
  • a filter in which a primary side space which is a space on the other surface side of the filter cloth and to which sludge is supplied is formed, a decompression means capable of decompressing the secondary side space, and the primary Sludge supplying means capable of supplying sludge to the side space, sludge pressurizing means capable of pressurizing the sludge supplied to the primary side space, and sludge supplied to the primary side space comprising the filter cloth And a sludge squeezing means capable of squeezing the concentrated sludge adhering to the primary side surface of the filter cloth when filtered by the filter cloth, wherein the filter cloth is a monofilament
  • the solid-liquid separator which is the filter cloth formed by.
  • the filter body of the filter has two filtrate discharge tanks, the interior of which is the secondary space, and the filtrate discharge layer is disposed at an interval. And a concentrating tank that is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the two filtrate discharge tanks and that has a primary space inside, and the filter is a boundary between each of the two filtrate discharge tanks and the concentration tank.
  • the filter cloth is provided one by one and two filtrate discharge tanks are provided with a filtrate permeable member so as to support the filter cloth, the sludge squeezing means, and the two filtrate discharge tanks are connected to the primary side.
  • the filter cloth is a monofilament, the sludge having a solid content of about 1% by mass is concentrated using one solid-liquid separator (the solid-liquid separator of the present invention).
  • the solid content is 40% by mass or more of sludge (pressed sludge)
  • the solid content (pressed sludge) collected by the filter cloth (attached to the filter cloth) can be easily peeled off.
  • the pressure reduction means which can depressurize secondary side space
  • the sludge supply means which can supply sludge to primary side space
  • the sludge pressurization which can pressurize the sludge supplied to primary side space
  • a sludge squeezing means capable of squeezing the concentrated sludge adhering to the primary side surface of the filter cloth, the sludge is filtered while reducing the secondary side space, and the primary side of the filter cloth
  • Concentrated sludge is further adhered (pressure filtration process), and a new adhesion layer is formed by pressurizing in stages, while the old adhesion layer (adhesion layer generated in the suction filtration process and the previous pressure was formed)
  • the adhesive layer) is compressed and
  • the sludge (concentrated sludge) is attached to the filter cloth formed from the monofilament by suction filtration in this way, and the concentrated sludge is further attached by pressure filtration from above the “concentrated sludge attached to the filter cloth”. Therefore, sludge can be filtered while applying pressure to the primary space in a state where a filter cloth formed from a monofilament is used (pressure filtration step). This is because the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth has a function of collecting solids in the sludge together with the filter cloth. Thereby, the sludge (pressed sludge) with a solid content of 40% by mass or more can be obtained from the sludge with a solid content of about 1% by mass.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in which the sludge has adhered to the surface of the primary side of a filter cloth in a pressure filtration process while showing the cross section of the filter in one Embodiment of the solid-liquid separation apparatus of this invention. While showing the cross section of the filter in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separator of this invention, it is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which concentrated sludge is squeezed in a pressing process. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the compressed sludge is discharged
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a filter used in Example 1.
  • Solid-liquid separator As shown in FIG. 1, one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention has a “filter cloth 1 and a“ filter body 2 partitioned inside by the filter cloth 1 ”. And the space on the other side of the filter cloth 1 and the sludge 16 are supplied.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (flow diagram) showing one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.
  • the sludge storage tank 12a is expressed so that the sludge 16 stored inside can be seen through.
  • the filter 3 is expressed so that a cross section may be shown.
  • the filtrate storage tank 14 is expressed so that the filtrate 19 stored inside can be seen through.
  • the solid-liquid separation apparatus 100 of this embodiment can peel easily the solid content (pressed sludge) collected by the filter cloth (attached to the filter cloth). it can.
  • the sludge storage tank 12a and the concentration tank 62 of the filter 3 are connected by piping, and the filtrate discharge tank 61 and the filtrate storage tank 14 of the filter 3 are connected by piping.
  • Each pipe and device is preferably equipped with valves and instruments as necessary.
  • the pressure reducing means 11 that can depressurize the secondary side space 5 of the filter 3, the sludge supplying means 12 that can supply the sludge 16 to the primary side space 4, and the primary side space 4 are supplied.
  • the secondary side space 5 is provided. The sludge 16 is filtered while reducing the pressure, and the concentrated sludge is attached to the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1 (suction filtration step), and then the sludge in the primary side space (supplied to the primary side space).
  • Concentrated sludge is further adhered from above the “concentrated sludge adhering to the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1” by pressurizing the sludge (pressure sludge process), and finally the filter cloth. Squeezing the concentrated sludge adhering to the primary side surface 6 of 1 to obtain a compressed sludge (squeezing step) It can be. In this way, sludge (concentrated sludge) is attached to the filter cloth 1 formed from monofilament by suction filtration, and the concentrated sludge is further filtered by pressure filtration from above the “concentrated sludge attached to the filter cloth 1”.
  • sludge 16 can be filtered (pressure filtration process) while pressurizing primary side space 4 in the state using filter cloth 1 formed from monofilament. This is because the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth 1 has a function of collecting solids in the sludge together with the filter cloth 1. Thereby, the sludge (pressed sludge) with a solid content of 40% by mass or more can be obtained from the sludge with a solid content of about 1% by mass.
  • the filter 3 includes a filter cloth 1 and a “filter body 2 whose interior is partitioned by the filter cloth 1”, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2A and 2B. Is. The space on one side of the filter cloth 1 and the space on the other side of the filter cloth 1 and the space 5 on which the filtrate 19 is discharged and the space on which the sludge 16 is supplied. A primary side space 4 that is (a space into which the sludge 16 flows) is formed.
  • the filter 3 in the solid-liquid separation device 100 of the present embodiment includes the filter body 2 having two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 in which the inside becomes the secondary space 5, and the filtrate discharge layer 61, 61 is disposed at an interval, and the filter body 2 has a concentrating tank 62 which is disposed so as to be sandwiched between two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 and whose inside is the primary space 4. is there.
  • the filter 3 includes one filter cloth 1 at the boundary between each of the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 and the concentration tank 62, and at the same time, the filter cloth 1 1 are provided with filtrate permeating members 63 and 63 so as to support 1.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the filter 3 in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a side view schematically showing the filter 3 in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.
  • the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 are square column (tubular) tanks having openings 65a and 65a formed in the walls 65 and 65 facing each other and hollow inside, and the openings 65a. , 65a are provided with filter cloths 1 and 1 so as to block them.
  • the concentration tank 62 is composed of “the walls 65 and 65 and the filter cloths 1 and 1 facing each other of the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61” and “the space between the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 (primary side).
  • the body portion 64 is formed so as to surround the space 4) along the outer edge of “the two opposite walls 65, 65 of the two filtrate discharge tanks 61, 61”.
  • the opposing walls 65 and 65 and the filter cloths 1 and 1 of the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 are also part of the concentration tank 62.
  • the concentration tank 62 is formed with an inlet 71 for allowing the sludge 16 to flow inside, and the inlet 71 is provided with an inlet nozzle 71a.
  • the filtrate discharge tank 61 is formed with an outlet 72 for allowing the filtrate 19 to flow outside.
  • the outlet 72 is provided with an outlet nozzle 72a.
  • the filtrate permeable member 63 disposed in the filtrate discharge tank 61 is a structure through which the filtrate passes.
  • the filtrate permeable member 63 is capable of allowing the filtrate to pass through easily while having a rigidity that does not cause a large deformation with respect to pressure.
  • a metal mesh formed three-dimensionally with a metal wire such as stainless steel, a plate formed of “ceramic, synthetic resin, etc.” and “formed with a plurality of through holes in the thickness direction”, etc. can be used.
  • the body part 64 forming the outer periphery of the concentration tank 62 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and one end part is joined to the “opposing wall 65” of one filtrate discharge tank 61, and the other end part is The primary space 4 is formed inside by joining to the “facing wall 65” of the other filtrate discharge tank 61. Further, the body portion 64 is formed to be extendable so that the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 can be moved closer to each other and the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 can be moved away from each other. ing. Further, as shown in FIGS.
  • An opening / closing part 73 is formed on the lower side in the vertical direction of the body portion 64 when the filter 3 is arranged so that the central axis of the cylindrical body portion 64 faces the horizontal direction.
  • the opening / closing part 73 is in a closed state in the suction filtration process, the pressure filtration process and the compression process, but in the discharge process, the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 are moved away from each other to extend the body part 64. It is the part that opens when In the discharging step, the compressed sludge is discharged from the “opening / closing portion 73”.
  • the opening / closing part 73 is preferably a “cut” formed in the body part 64.
  • the sludge 16 flows into the concentration tank 62 (primary space 4) from the inlet 71, the sludge 16 is filtered by the filter cloth 1, and the filtrate 19 is discharged from the filtrate.
  • the solid (concentrated sludge) flows into the tank 61 (secondary space 5), adheres to the primary surface 6 of the filter cloth 1, and flows into the filtrate discharge tank 61 (secondary space 5).
  • the filtrate 19 thus discharged flows out from the outlet 72.
  • the sludge to be subjected to solid-liquid separation is sludge that is discharged when producing clean water (tap water) in a water purification plant, and preferably has a solid content concentration of 0.7 to 2.0% by mass.
  • the filter cloth 1 is preferably a filter cloth formed of monofilaments of polyamide resin, more preferably a filter cloth formed of nylon monofilaments, and nylon.
  • a filter cloth formed by 6 monofilaments is particularly preferred.
  • the air permeability of the filter cloth is preferably 20 to 90 (cm 3 / (cm 2 ⁇ sec)). If the air permeability is smaller than 20 (cm 3 / (cm 2 ⁇ sec)), the filtrate may not easily permeate. If the air permeability is greater than 90 (cm 3 / (cm 2 ⁇ sec)), the solid content in the sludge may easily pass.
  • the air permeability of the filter cloth is a value obtained by measuring the amount of air per unit area and unit time passing through the filter cloth from the primary side to the secondary side.
  • the method of knitting the filter cloth 1 is not particularly limited, for example, satin weave is preferable. By using a satin weave, the peelability of the compressed sludge is improved, and clogging can be suppressed.
  • size of the filter 3 which comprises the solid-liquid separation apparatus 100 of this embodiment shown by FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B is not specifically limited, In the case of industrial use, the processing amount in a water purification plant or a sewage treatment plant It is preferable that the size corresponds to.
  • the material of the filtrate discharge tank 61 is not specifically limited, Stainless steel etc. can be used suitably.
  • the material of the body portion 64 of the concentration tank 62 is preferably a stretchable material, and specifically, rubber, synthetic resin, metal, and the like are preferable.
  • the two filter cloths arranged in the two filtrate discharge layers include one filter cloth in a “state in which the two filter cloths are connected” or “the two filter cloths (configuration)
  • a bag-like "filter cloth” may be used, and a part or all of the body portion may be formed by a part of the filter cloth.
  • the filter 3 is a pressure
  • the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 are provided, but one filtrate discharge tank may be provided.
  • one of the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 is a pressing plate that can press the filter cloth 1 of the other filtrate discharge tank 61. Is preferred.
  • the filter cloth 1 is also a single sheet.
  • the decompression means 11 can decompress the secondary space, and uses a vacuum pump 11a as shown in FIG.
  • a device for decompressing using a siphon principle such as a siphon tube can be exemplified.
  • the decompression means 11 is connected to the filtrate storage tank 14 and decompresses the secondary side space 5 of the filter 3 via the filtrate storage tank 14. It is configured as follows.
  • the secondary space 5 of the filter 3 can be reduced to a pressure of ⁇ 0.08 to ⁇ 0.02 MPa (gauge pressure) by the pressure reducing means 11.
  • a siphon tube 74 as shown in FIG. 8 may be used as the decompression means.
  • the filter 3a shown in FIG. 8 uses a siphon tube 74 as the pressure reducing means 11, and depressurizes the secondary space 5 of the filter 3a according to the principle of siphon.
  • the pressure reducing means two vacuum pumps and siphon tubes may be provided, and they may be used properly (more preferably used) according to each step.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the filter 3a and the decompression means 11 (siphon tube 74) used in another embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.
  • (1-3) Sludge supply means As shown in FIG. 1, in the solid-liquid separation device 100 of this embodiment, the sludge supply means 12 can supply sludge to the primary side space 4. And the sludge supply means 12 is the sludge storage tank 12a arrange
  • the sludge supply means may be the “sludge storage tank 12a disposed above the filter 3 in the vertical direction” as shown in FIG. 1, but the “sludge storage tank 12a” and the sludge storage tank. It is more preferable that the sludge in 12a is composed of a “pump or the like” for sending the sludge to the filter 3.
  • the sludge supply means is composed of “sludge storage tank 12 a” and “a“ pump or the like ”for feeding the sludge in the sludge storage tank 12 a to the filter 3”, a pump or the like from the sludge storage tank 12 a
  • the sludge can be supplied to the filter 3 using At this time, it is preferable to supply the filter 3 while pressurizing sludge using a pressure pump.
  • the sludge supply means is composed of a sludge storage tank 12a and a sludge pressurizing means 13 described later.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 is a sludge pressurizing means and a part of the sludge supply means.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 pressurizes the sludge storage tank 12a (sludge in the sludge storage tank 12a) at an appropriate pressure, and the sludge pressurizing means 13 pressurizes the sludge in the sludge storage tank 12a through the filter. 3 can be supplied.
  • the size of the sludge storage tank 12a is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined depending on the amount of sludge to be processed. Moreover, although the material of the sludge storage tank 12a is not specifically limited, Stainless steel, vinyl chloride, etc. can be used suitably. In the case where the sludge supply means is “the sludge storage tank 12a disposed vertically above the filter 3” and “the sludge supply tank 12a and the sludge pressurizing means 13 are configured”, the sludge discharge The pipe connected to the outlet 12c is directly connected to the filter 3.
  • the sludge supply means is constituted by “sludge storage tank 12a” and “a pump or the like for feeding the sludge in the sludge storage tank 12a to the filter 3”, it is connected to the sludge discharge port 12c.
  • the pipe is connected to the filter 3 via a “pump or the like”.
  • sludge is supplied from the sludge receiving port 12b.
  • the sludge storage tank 12a is a pressure
  • the pressure-resistant structure is a structure that can withstand the pressure when supplying the stock solution (sludge) to the filter 3.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 can pressurize the sludge supplied to the primary side space 4.
  • air a cylinder such as “inert gas such as nitrogen”, an air compressor (compressor), or the like can be used.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 When supplying the sludge 16 into the primary space 4 of the filter 3, the sludge pressurizing means 13 performs filtration (pressure filtration) while supplying the sludge 16 into the primary space 4 in a pressurized state. It is used for performing.
  • the pressurizing means 13 As shown in FIG. 1, the inside of the sludge storage tank 12a is pressurized by pressurizing the "sludge storage tank 12a in which sludge is stored" by the pressurizing means 13. It is preferable to pressurize the sludge 16.
  • the pressurized “pressurizing medium such as air or nitrogen” is sent from the pressurizing means 13 to the sludge storage tank 12a, whereby the sludge storage tank 12a (sludge in the sludge storage tank 12a) Pressurized.
  • the pressure adjusting means 13 a performs sludge removal. It is preferable to increase the pressure stepwise.
  • An example of the pressure adjusting means 13a is a pressure adjusting valve. It is preferable that the pressure adjustment means 13a is provided in piping which connects the pressurization means 13 and the sludge storage tank 12a. Further, the pressure adjusting means 13a is provided on the downstream side of the pressurizing means 13 so that the pressure of the gas supplied to the sludge storage tank 12a can be increased stepwise (such as an adjusting valve). Is preferred.
  • the sludge squeezing means is “a primary side that is a surface on the primary side space side of the filter cloth when the sludge supplied to the primary side space is filtered by the filter cloth. It is possible to squeeze the concentrated sludge attached to the surface.
  • the sludge squeezing means moves so that the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 are close to each other by narrowing the primary side space 4. It is a means (mechanism) which squeezes the concentrated sludge adhering to each primary side surface 6, 6 by sandwiching it between two filtrate discharge tanks 61, 61.
  • Compressed sludge having a solid content concentration of 40 to 45% by mass can be obtained from the concentrated sludge having a solid content concentration of 9 to 16% by mass.
  • the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth 1 is sandwiched and compressed between two “filter cloths 1 whose secondary surface 7 side is supported by the filtrate permeable member 63”.
  • the filtrate discharged by pressing the concentrated sludge passes through the filter cloth 1 and flows into the primary space 4 and is discharged from the outlet 72.
  • the concentrated sludge from which water (filtrate) is squeezed out between the two filter cloths 1 and 1 becomes the compressed sludge 18 (see FIG. 5).
  • the filter 3 preferably has a structure for moving the filtrate discharge tank 61.
  • a structure for moving the filtrate discharge tank 61 for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a support part 77 disposed in each filtrate discharge tank 61 and a guide part 76 to which the tip of the support part 77 is movably attached.
  • a moving mechanism 75 comprising: The number and the mounting position of the moving mechanism 75 are not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the number and the position can stably support each filtrate discharge tank 61. As shown in FIG. 7, it is also a preferable aspect that two support portions 77 are attached to each of the filtrate discharge tanks 61 on opposing walls (two walls sandwiching the secondary space).
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the filter 53 in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.
  • the shape of the support portion 77 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a member in which a wheel is disposed at the tip of a rod-like or plate-like member.
  • the material of the support part 77 is not specifically limited, Stainless steel etc. can be mentioned.
  • the shape of the guide part 76 is not specifically limited, When the wheel is arrange
  • the pressing means may be a “roller” that moves on the sludge surface (filter cloth surface) while pressurizing the sludge.
  • a discharging means for “peeling and discharging the squeezed sludge from the filter cloth”.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the filter 3 in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention and showing how the compressed sludge is discharged in the discharging step.
  • the filter in the solid-liquid separator of the present invention the filter 83 shown in FIG. 10 used in the following examples can be used.
  • Solid-liquid separation method Next, a solid-liquid separation method, which is a method for solid-liquid separation of sludge using one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation apparatus of the present invention, will be described.
  • the solid-liquid separation method using one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention is a method of performing solid-liquid separation using the solid-liquid separation device 100 shown in FIGS.
  • Sludge is supplied to the primary side space 4 which is the space on the other side of the filter cloth 1 while the secondary side space 5 which is the space on the one side (secondary side surface 7) side is decompressed.
  • Filtering the sludge with the filter cloth 1 and attaching the concentrated sludge (initial concentrated sludge) to the primary side surface 6, which is the “other surface” of the filter cloth 1.
  • the sludge While reducing the pressure of the secondary space 5, supplying and pressurizing the sludge to the primary space 6, the sludge is filtered by the filter cloth 1 and attached to the primary surface 6 of the filter cloth 1. Pressurize and supply more sludge from the concentrated sludge (initial concentrated sludge), and apply the concentrated sludge (second layer concentrated sludge) to the surface of the initial concentrated sludge.
  • “Supplying sludge to the primary side space and pressurizing” means “suppressing sludge while pressurizing” or “pressurizing sludge after supplying sludge” to the primary side space. Means. Moreover, in the case of “supplying sludge while pressurizing” and “pressing sludge after supplying sludge”, the pressure in the primary side is pressurized, and the filtrate passes through the filter cloth by the pressure. It will be pushed out to the secondary space.
  • the concentrated sludge is attached to the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1, and in the pressure filtration step, the “concentrated sludge attached to the primary side surface of the filter cloth 1”
  • the sludge having a solid content of about 1% by mass can be concentrated to obtain a sludge having a solid content of 40% by mass or more.
  • a solid-liquid separation method using one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation apparatus of the present invention (solid-liquid separation apparatus 100 (see FIG. 1)) will be described step by step.
  • (2-1) Suction filtration step As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the suction filtration process is performed while reducing the pressure of the secondary side space 5, which is the space on one side (secondary side surface 7) of the filter cloth 1. Sludge is supplied to the primary side space 4 which is the space on the other side, and the sludge is filtered by the filter cloth 1, and the primary side face 6 which is the “other side” of the filter cloth 1 is filtered. It is preferable to be a step of “attaching concentrated sludge (initial concentrated sludge)”. In the suction filtration process, as shown in FIG.
  • the sludge 16 is supplied to the sludge supply means 12, and the sludge 16 is supplied from the sludge supply means 12 to the primary space 4 of the filter 3.
  • the secondary space 5 of the filter 3 is decompressed by the decompression means 11 via the filtrate storage tank 14.
  • the solid content in the sludge 16 is collected as the concentrated sludge 17 by the filter cloth 1, and the filtrate 19 that has passed through the filter cloth 1 passes through the secondary side space 5 and is sent to the filtrate storage tank 14.
  • the filtrate 19 that has passed through the filter cloth 1 is discharged from the outlet 72, sent to the filtrate storage tank 14 through the outflow nozzle 72 a and the piping, and stored in the filtrate storage tank 14.
  • FIG 3 shows a cross section of the filter 3 in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separator of the present invention, and sludge (initial concentrated sludge) on the primary surface 6 of the filter cloth 1 in the suction filtration step. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which 17a) has adhered.
  • the initial concentrated sludge 17a is attached to the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1 in the suction filtration step. Therefore, in the next pressure filtration step, even if the sludge is supplied to the primary space 4 of the filter 3 “pressurizing the filter cloth 1”, the solid content in the sludge permeates the filter cloth 1. Leakage into the secondary space 5 can be suppressed. This is because the initial concentrated sludge 17a attached to the filter cloth 1 has a function of collecting solids in the sludge together with the filter cloth 1.
  • the apparatus (filter 3) provided with "the filter cloth formed by the monofilament" normally used in the suction filtration process is used, the apparatus (filter 3) used in the suction filtration process.
  • the suction filtration step it is preferable to start the pressure filtration step when the solid content concentration of the filtrate flowing out to the secondary space 5 reaches 0.02 to 0.04 mass%. If it is lower than 0.02% by mass, the initial concentrated sludge 17a is not sufficiently formed, and the initial concentrated sludge 17a itself passes through the filter cloth 1 and leaks into the secondary space 5 due to the applied pressure in the pressure filtration process. May be issued. If it is higher than 0.04% by mass, the time for the suction filtration process becomes longer, and therefore the total time for solid-liquid separation of sludge may become longer.
  • the filtration time in the suction filtration process is too short, the initial concentrated sludge 17a does not sufficiently adhere to the filter cloth 1, and the initial concentrated sludge 17a itself passes through the filter cloth 1 due to the applied pressure in the pressure filtration process, and the secondary side. May flow into space 5.
  • the time for filtering the sludge with the filter cloth 1 is long, the entire filtration time is extended.
  • the pressure when the secondary side space 5 is depressurized (the pressure of the depressurized secondary side space 5) is ⁇ 0.08 to ⁇ 0.02 MPa when the sludge of the water purification plant is used as a raw material. Gauge pressure) is preferable. If it is lower than ⁇ 0.08 MPa, the solid content passes through without remaining on the filter cloth surface and flows into the secondary space 5, and the initial concentrated sludge 17 a may not adhere to the primary surface 6 of the filter cloth 1. is there. If it is higher than ⁇ 0.02 MPa, the suction filtration process may take a long time.
  • the “gauge pressure” is a pressure displayed on a pressure gauge with the atmospheric pressure set to “0 MPa”.
  • a vacuum pump or the like can be used as the decompression means 11 that decompresses the secondary space 5 of the filter 3.
  • a means for decompressing the secondary side space 5 of the filter 3 according to the principle of siphon is also a preferable aspect.
  • the decompression means 11 for decompressing the secondary side space 5 of the filter 3 see FIG. 1
  • the decompression means for decompressing 5 it is preferable to use the decompression means 11 used in the suction filtration step.
  • a vacuum pump can be used in the pressure filtration step even if the pressure reducing means based on the principle of siphon is used. In the pressing process, it is preferable to use a vacuum pump.
  • (2-2) pressure filtration step In the pressure filtration step, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the secondary side space 5 is depressurized and the sludge 16 is supplied to the primary side space 4 while “pressurizing”. Is a step of further filtering.
  • the secondary space 5 is preferably decompressed, but may not be decompressed.
  • the pressure filtration step is a step for ensuring the processing flow rate of the filtrate by applying pressure.
  • the concentrated sludge 17 (second-layer concentrated sludge 17b) is further adhered on the concentrated sludge 17 (initial concentrated sludge 17a) adhering to the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1, It is also a step of compressing the initial concentrated sludge 17a to increase its density (densify) and enhance the filtration function with the filter cloth and the concentrated sludge adhering thereto.
  • the filtrate 19 that has passed through the filter cloth 1 is discharged from the discharge port 24 a, sent to the filtrate storage tank 14 through the discharge nozzle 24 b and the piping, and stored in the filtrate storage tank 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of the filter 3 used in one embodiment of the solid-liquid separation method of the present invention, and in the pressure filtration step, sludge (concentrated sludge 17 ( It is a schematic diagram which shows the state to which the initial concentration sludge 17a and the 2nd layer concentration sludge 17b) are adhering.
  • the filter cloth 1 is pressurized with sludge and the initial concentrated sludge 17a is compressed in order to filter the sludge under pressure with the initial concentrated sludge 17a attached to the filter cloth 1.
  • the filter cloth 1 performs a filtering function according to the degree of densification of the initial concentrated sludge 17a.
  • pressure filtration can be performed while preventing leakage of solid contents.
  • concentrated sludge having a solid content concentration of 9 to 16% by mass can be obtained.
  • the concentrated sludge formed on the filter cloth surface is filtered. It may flow out into the secondary space through the cloth. In that case, the solid content is not sufficiently recovered, and solid-liquid separation by concentrated sludge cannot be performed sufficiently. Therefore, when the sludge is filtered under pressure with the initial concentrated sludge 17a attached to the filter cloth 1, it is preferable to reduce the pressure change in one pressurization and increase the pressure several times stepwise.
  • the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth 1 can be densified while preventing the solid content from leaking into the secondary side space, and finally it is possible to perform filtration at a high pressure. And since it is possible to densify concentrated sludge, the solid content density
  • the pressure for pressurizing the sludge is from 0.2 to 0.4 MPa (gauge pressure) (minimum filtration pressure) to 0.6 to 1.5 MPa (gauge pressure) (maximum filtration pressure). It is preferable to raise it intermittently. Thereby, it can prevent more effectively that solid content in sludge permeate
  • the “minimum filtration pressure” is the first (first stage) pressure and the lowest pressure when the sludge is pressurized in the pressure filtration step.
  • the “maximum filtration pressure” is the last (last stage) pressure and the highest pressure when the sludge is pressurized.
  • the minimum filtration pressure is lower than 0.2 MPa, the time required for solid-liquid separation may become longer.
  • the minimum filtration pressure is higher than 0.4 MPa, solid content may easily pass through the filter cloth when performing pressure filtration.
  • the maximum filtration pressure is lower than 0.6 MPa, the time required for solid-liquid separation may become longer.
  • the maximum filtration pressure is higher than 1.5 MPa, the solid content may easily pass through the filter cloth.
  • “To increase the pressure to pressurize the sludge intermittently” means to increase the pressure to pressurize the sludge in a stepped manner, and to “Pressure constant (maintain constant pressure)” and “Pressure increase” It is to raise the pressure which pressurizes sludge, repeating "state (pressure
  • the sludge pressure fills the primary space 4 of the filter 3 and the sludge pressure in the primary space (pressure in the primary space). Is preferably set to the predetermined pressure. Therefore, it is preferable to supply the sludge to the primary space 4 of the filter 3 at the predetermined pressure.
  • the pressure filtration step when the pressure in the primary side space (pressure for pressurizing sludge) is intermittently increased from the minimum filtration pressure to the maximum filtration pressure, the pressure is increased by a single pressure increase (pressure increase operation).
  • the pressure is preferably 0.2 to 0.7 MPa (rising range), and more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 MPa. Thereby, the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth can be densified more effectively, and solid content leakage from the filter cloth can be suppressed. If the pressure raised by one pressurization is less than 0.2 MPa, the time required for solid-liquid separation may be increased. If the pressure raised by one pressurization is greater than 0.7 MPa, the solid content may easily leak from the filter cloth.
  • the pressure to be raised by one boosting may be a constant value or may be different depending on the boosting stage.
  • the pressure increase rate (MPa / min) in the pressure increase operation is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to set the rate so that the solid content is not mixed into the filtrate. If the pressure increase rate is too high, solids may be mixed in the filtrate, and the concentrated sludge layer adhering to the filter cloth may be broken, which is not preferable.
  • As the pressure increase rate for example, 0.5 to 2 minutes is preferable. Within the range of the pressure increase rate, it is preferable to adjust the pressure increase rate appropriately so that “the solid content is not mixed in the filtrate or the layer of concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth does not collapse”. .
  • the pressure filtration step when the pressure in the primary space (pressure for pressurizing sludge) is intermittently increased from the minimum filtration pressure to the maximum filtration pressure, the pressure is increased from the “constant pressure state”. Switching to “state” is performed after confirming the state of the filtrate.
  • the turbidity of the filtrate increases. This turbidity decreases with time. This decrease in turbidity is caused by densification of the initial concentrated sludge 17a and formation of a new layer of concentrated sludge (second layer concentrated sludge 17b) on the initial concentrated sludge 17a. And the second-layer concentrated sludge 17b "has achieved a filtration function together with the filter cloth 1, and is in a state suitable for sludge filtration so that the sludge can be satisfactorily filtered even at a new (high) pressure. Show. Therefore, it can be determined that the initial concentrated sludge 17a is densified and a new concentrated sludge layer is formed on the initial concentrated sludge 17a due to the decrease in turbidity.
  • the time for densification of the initial concentrated sludge 17a after pressurization and the formation of a new concentrated sludge layer depends on the composition and concentration of the sludge to be treated. Different. Accordingly, whether the initial concentrated sludge 17a is densified or whether a new concentrated sludge layer is sufficiently formed is determined by measuring the turbidity and concentration of the filtrate. Alternatively, the turbidity may be measured with a turbidimeter, and the above determination may be made when the turbidity is below a certain value.
  • the flow rate of the filtrate immediately after pressurization changes with the densification of the initial concentrated sludge 17a and the formation of a new concentrated sludge layer. It is also possible to determine that a sludge layer has been formed. For these determinations, the filtrate may be temporarily taken out of the filtrate storage tank 14. Moreover, since the time when a filtrate with high turbidity is generated is short and the amount of the filtrate with high turbidity is very small when viewed from the whole filtrate, it may be allowed to flow into the filtrate storage tank 14 as it is.
  • the step-by-step pressure increase of the pressure filtration process of the present invention allows the sludge treatment amount to be secured while functioning the adhering concentrated sludge as a part of the filter cloth.
  • a predetermined amount of sludge can be concentrated in a shorter time.
  • filtration is performed while the sludge is pressurized, so that the new sludge is attached to the filter cloth surface first while maintaining the state where the sludge is supplied to the filter cloth.
  • Filtration is performed while the “sludge adhering first” is compressed, while adhering onto the “sludge”.
  • maintaining the state in which the sludge is supplied to the filter cloth means that the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth is mechanically pressurized (pressed by pressing the structure) without the sludge being supplied to the filter cloth.
  • it is different from the “squeezing process” in which the moisture in the concentrated sludge is squeezed.
  • the pressure filtration step it is preferable to pressurize the primary space 4 (pressurize the filtrate in the primary space 4) and depressurize the secondary space 5, but depressurize the secondary space 5.
  • the pressure pressure in the reduced secondary space 5) is preferably ⁇ 0.08 to ⁇ 0.02 MPa (gauge pressure). If it is higher than -0.02 MPa, the concentration of the finally obtained compressed sludge may be less than 40% by mass, and it takes a long time to increase the concentration of the compressed sludge to 40% by mass or more. There is.
  • the sludge 16 supplied to the primary space 4 of the filter 3 is pressurized by the sludge pressurizing means 13 as shown in FIG.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 a method using air, a cylinder such as “inert gas such as nitrogen”, an air compression device (compressor) or the like, or a mechanical pressurization method in which sludge is compressed directly with a piston by hydraulic pressure or the like. Can be adopted.
  • the sludge pressurizing means 13 combining a pump and a pressure relief valve can be considered.
  • the sludge in the “sludge storage tank 12 a storing sludge” is pressurized and pressurized by the sludge pressurizing means 13. It is preferable to send the sludge in the sludge storage tank 12 a to the primary side space 4 of the filter 3. In this case, the pressurized “pressurizing medium such as air and nitrogen” is sent from the sludge pressurizing means 13 to the sludge storage tank 12a, whereby the inside of the sludge storage tank 12a is pressurized.
  • the pressurized “pressurizing medium such as air and nitrogen”
  • the pressure adjusting means 13 a is a pressure adjusting valve. It is preferable that the pressure adjustment means 13a is provided in piping which connects the sludge pressurization means 13 and the sludge storage tank 12a.
  • the pressing step is a step of obtaining the compressed sludge 18 by pressing the concentrated sludge (initial concentrated sludge and second-layer concentrated sludge) attached to the primary-side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1.
  • the pressure filtration operation pressure filtration step
  • the sludge remaining in the filter is removed, and then the concentrated sludge is squeezed (squeezing step).
  • the two filtrate discharge tanks 61, 61 are moved away from each other, the opening / closing part 73 of the body part 64 of the concentration tank 62 is opened, and the It is preferable to discharge from the opened opening / closing part 73.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which concentrated sludge is squeezed in the pressing process while showing the cross section of the filter in one Embodiment of the solid-liquid separation apparatus of this invention.
  • the sludge squeezing mechanism used in the squeezing process moves so that the two filtrate discharge tanks 61, 61 narrow the primary side space 4 and approach each other, and the two filter cloths 1, 1
  • the concentrated sludge is sandwiched and pressed between two sheets of “filter cloth 1 whose secondary surface 7 is supported by the filtrate permeable member 63”.
  • the filtrate discharged by pressing the concentrated sludge passes through the filter cloth 1 and flows into the primary space 4 and is discharged from the outlet 72. Further, the concentrated sludge from which the water (filtrate) has been squeezed between the two filter cloths 1 and 1 becomes the compressed sludge 18.
  • “squeezing the concentrated sludge” means that the concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth is mechanically pressurized (pressed by pressing the structure, or the structure without supplying the sludge to the filter cloth). It means that the moisture in the concentrated sludge is squeezed out.
  • the pressure when pressing the concentrated sludge is preferably 0.2 to 1.8 MPa (gauge pressure). Furthermore, in the said pressure range, it is preferable to squeeze concentrated sludge, raising the pressure when squeezing concentrated sludge intermittently. When the pressure is intermittently increased, it is preferable to start the pressure increase from a pressure higher than the “maximum filtration pressure” in the pressure filtration step. When the pressure at the time of pressing concentrated sludge is lower than 0.2 MPa, the solid content concentration of the compressed sludge may not increase, and the pressing process may take a long time.
  • the pressure applied to the concentrated sludge is intermittently increased as described above in the pressing process, from a pressure (minimum pressing pressure) that is 0.2 to 0.4 MPa higher than the “maximum filtering pressure” in the pressure filtering process.
  • the pressure is preferably intermittently increased to a pressure (maximum pressing pressure) higher by 0.7 to 1.0 MPa than the “maximum filtration pressure” in the pressure filtration step.
  • the “minimum pressing pressure” is the first (first stage) pressure and the lowest pressure when the concentrated sludge is pressurized in the pressing step.
  • the “maximum squeezing pressure” is the last (last stage) pressure and the highest pressure when the concentrated sludge is pressurized.
  • the minimum squeezing pressure is higher than “a pressure higher by 0.4 MPa than the maximum filtration pressure in the pressure filtration step”
  • the filter 3 is a pressure
  • the pressure finally applied to the concentrated sludge is 1.5 to 1.8 MPa.
  • the pressure to be increased in one pressurization is 0.2 to 0.4 MPa (increase) Width).
  • the pressure raised by one pressurization is less than 0.2 MPa, the time required for solid-liquid separation may be increased.
  • the pressure raised by one pressurization is larger than 0.4 MPa, the solid content may easily leak from the filter cloth.
  • the pressure to be raised by one boosting may be a constant value or may be different depending on the boosting stage.
  • the pressure increase rate (MPa / min) in the pressure increase operation is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to set the rate so that the solid content is not mixed into the filtrate. If the pressure increase rate is too high, solids may be mixed in the filtrate, and the concentrated sludge layer adhering to the filter cloth may be broken, which is not preferable.
  • As the pressure increase rate for example, 0.5 to 2 minutes is preferable. Within the range of the pressure increase rate, it is preferable to adjust the pressure increase rate appropriately so that “the solid content is not mixed in the filtrate or the layer of concentrated sludge adhering to the filter cloth does not collapse”. .
  • the pressing step it is preferable to pressurize the concentrated sludge and depressurize the secondary space 5. Since the filtrate 19 near the surface of the compressed sludge (particularly the surface in contact with the filter cloth) is quickly discharged by pressurizing the concentrated sludge and depressurizing the secondary space 5, the surface is more dry. Thus, when the compressed sludge is peeled off from the filter cloth, it can be peeled off more easily.
  • the pressure when the secondary side space 5 is decompressed (the pressure of the decompressed secondary side space 5) is preferably ⁇ 0.08 to ⁇ 0.02 MPa (gauge pressure). When the pressure is higher than ⁇ 0.02 MPa, particularly when the secondary space 5 is not decompressed, the surface of the compressed sludge may be difficult to dry.
  • the solid concentration of the compressed sludge obtained in the pressing step is preferably 40 to 45% by mass.
  • the load on the combustion furnace may be increased when the compressed sludge is burned and discarded.
  • the upper limit is about 45% by mass.
  • the discharging step is a step of peeling the compressed sludge 18 from the filter cloth 1, and the compressed sludge 18 peeled from the filter cloth 1 is discharged from the filter 3.
  • the two filtrate discharge tanks 61 and 61 are moved away from each other to extend the body part 64, and the concentration tank 62
  • the opening / closing part 73 formed on the lower side in the vertical direction of the body part 64 is opened, and the compressed sludge 18 is discharged from the “opening opening / closing part 73”.
  • the opening / closing part 73 is preferably a “cut” formed in the body part 64.
  • the discharging step it is preferable to flow compressed air from the secondary side space toward the primary side space (so as to pass through the filter cloth 1) and to peel the compressed sludge 18 from the filter cloth 1 by the compressed air.
  • Example 1 In the solid-liquid separation apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, “a filter 83 as shown in FIG. 10 was used as a filter” to produce a solid-liquid separation apparatus.
  • the filter 83 has a first frame 82a (a shape in which a recess is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped) having a recess 88a and a second frame 82b (a shape in which a recess is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped) having a recess 88b.
  • a bag-like filter cloth 81 sandwiched between the filter body 82, "the surface of the first frame 82a on which the recess 88a is formed” and "the surface of the second frame 82b on which the recess 88b is formed”. are provided.
  • the outer periphery (outer edge) of the bag-shaped filter cloth 81 has a “surface of the first frame 82a on which the recess 88a is formed (outer edge)” and a “surface of the second frame 82b on which the recess 88b is formed ( A closed space is formed in the central portion (in addition, gas and liquid can move through the filter cloth).
  • the shape of the opening part of the recessed part 88a of the 1st frame 82a and the shape of the opening part of the recessed part 88b of the 2nd frame 82b were made into the same size circle.
  • the first frame 82a and the second frame are formed such that the circular shape of the opening of the recess 88a of the first frame 82a and the circular shape of the opening of the recess 88b of the second frame 82b overlap without being displaced.
  • the body 82b is arranged.
  • the diameter of the opening of the recess 88a of the first frame 82a was 180 mm
  • the diameter of the opening of the recess 88b of the second frame 82b was 180 mm.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross section of the filter 83 used in the first embodiment.
  • tube 12 which the sludge introduction pipe
  • the sludge supplied from the inlet C flows into the sludge introduction pipe 87 from the inlet C, and is supplied to the bag-like filter cloth 1 through the sludge introduction pipe 87.
  • sludge pressurization in the pressure filtration process is performed.
  • a rubber film 86 for squeezing is disposed in the recess 88b of the second frame 82b, and the rubber film 86 for squeezing allows a space by the recess 88b to be separated into a space 88ba on the bottom side of the recess 88b and a recess 88b. Is divided into a space 88bb on the opening side (surface side on which the recess 88b is formed).
  • the filter 83 is a space formed by the filter cloth 81 and the recess 88a of the first frame 82a and a space 88bb on the opening side of the filter cloth 81 and the recess 88b of the second frame 82b. Is the secondary space 85. Further, the space in the bag of the bag-shaped filter cloth 81 becomes the primary space 84.
  • the filter 83 was used by being arranged so that the joint surface between the first frame body 82a and the second frame body 82b was orthogonal to the horizontal plane.
  • the filter 83 in order to depressurize the “space formed by the filter cloth 81 and the concave portion 88a of the first frame 82a (primary side space 85)” and discharge the filtrate,
  • An “outlet A” is formed on the lower side in the vertical direction of the first frame 82a to allow the primary space 85 and the outside to pass through.
  • the second frame 82b is vertically below.
  • an “outlet B” is formed through the primary space 85 and the outside.
  • the outlet A and the outlet B are connected to the filtrate storage tank 14 (see FIG. 1).
  • the “pressurizing port D” for introducing the pressurized gas into the space 88ba on the bottom side of the recess 88b of the second frame 82b is the second. It is formed above the frame body 82b in the vertical direction.
  • a pressurized gas is introduced into the space 88ba on the bottom side of the recess 88b from the pressure port D of the second frame 82b, and the inside of the space 88ba on the bottom side of the recess 88b is pressurized to compress the rubber film 86 for pressing.
  • the filter cloth 81 containing sludge is pressed by the rubber film 86 for squeezing and the sludge is squeezed.
  • the pressurizing port D is connected to the sludge pressurizing means 13 (see FIG. 1).
  • sludge pressurizing means 13 As the sludge pressurizing means 13 (see FIG. 1), a nitrogen cylinder was used. A pressure reducing valve was used as the pressure adjusting means 13a (see FIG. 1). As the sludge storage tank 12a (see FIG. 1), a 25 liter tank formed of iron was used. The filtrate discharge tank 61 was made of iron. As the filter cloth 81, a filter cloth formed by satin weaving nylon monofilament was used. As the filtrate storage tank 14, a tank made of transparent vinyl chloride was used. A vacuum pump was used as the decompression means 11 (see FIG. 1) for decompressing the filtrate storage tank 14.
  • solid-liquid separation was performed using sludge having a solid content of 0.74% by mass discharged at the water purification plant.
  • sludge was supplied to the primary space for 60 minutes while reducing the secondary space at “ ⁇ 0.033 MPa (gauge pressure)” (suction filtration was performed for 60 minutes).
  • sludge was pressurized at 0.4 MPa (gauge pressure) while the secondary side space was depressurized at “ ⁇ 0.033 MPa (gauge pressure)”, and supplied to the primary side space for 10 minutes. This step-up operation was performed once.
  • sludge pressurizing means is applied from the pressurizing port D of the second frame 82b to the space 88ba on the bottom side of the recess 88b while reducing the secondary side space at “ ⁇ 0.033 MPa (gauge pressure)”.
  • Pressurized gas from 13 was introduced.
  • the inside of the space 88ba on the bottom side of the concave portion 88b of the second frame 82b is pressurized with the introduced pressurized gas to swell the rubber film 86 for squeezing outward, and the sludge is sludged by the rubber film 86 for squeezing.
  • the filter cloth 81 containing was pressed and sludge was squeezed.
  • the pressing pressure was 1.5 MPa (gauge pressure), and the pressing time was 10 minutes.
  • the first frame 82a and the second frame 82b are separated, the filter cloth 81 having the compressed sludge in the filter body 82 is taken out, and the compressed sludge is peeled off from the filter cloth and taken out. .
  • the solid content concentration of the obtained compressed sludge was measured by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the “pressure” column of the “suction filtration step” indicates the pressure of the secondary space being depressurized, and the “time” column indicates the time of vacuum filtration.
  • the “pressure” column indicates the pressure in the primary space being pressurized, and the “time” column indicates the pressure filtration time.
  • the “pressure” column of the “squeezing step” indicates the pressure applied to the concentrated sludge when the concentrated sludge is compressed, and the “time” column indicates the time of pressing.
  • the column of "solid content concentration” shows the solid content concentration of pressing sludge.
  • the column “Solid Concentration” in Comparative Example 1 indicates the solid concentration of the concentrated sludge obtained by the suction filtration process.
  • Solid content concentration Measure the mass (mass before drying) of the measurement object (pressed sludge or concentrated sludge) before drying, measure the mass (mass after drying) of the measurement object after drying with a dryer, A value obtained by dividing the value obtained by subtracting the mass after drying by the mass before drying is 100 times the solid content concentration (% by mass).
  • the measurement object was dried at 110 ° C. for 8 hours.
  • Example 2 Sludge was separated into solid and liquid in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the “pressure (gauge pressure)” and “time” in the pressure filtration step and the pressing step were changed as shown in Table 1.
  • the “solid content concentration” of the compressed sludge was measured by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • “0.2-0.8” in the “Pressure” column of “Pressure filtration step” is a pressure increase from ⁇ 0.033 MPa to 0.2 MPa in 1 minute, and is held at 0.2 MPa for 9 minutes.
  • the pressure was increased from 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa in 1 minute, held at 0.4 MPa for 9 minutes, then increased from 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa in 1 minute, then at 0.6 MPa for 4 minutes, and then 0 It shows that the primary space was continuously pressurized in a pressure increasing pattern in which the pressure was increased from 6 MPa to 0.8 MPa in 1 minute and held at 0.8 MPa for 4 minutes. Then, “30” in the “time” column of the “pressure filtration step” indicates that the time for pressurizing the primary space (time for performing pressure filtration) is 30 minutes in total.
  • “1.5-1.8” in the “Pressure” column of the “Pressing step” is a pressure increase from 0.8 MPa to 1.5 MPa in 1 minute, and is held at 1.5 MPa for 4 minutes. It shows that the concentrated sludge was continuously squeezed (pressurized) in a pressure increasing pattern in which the pressure was increased from 5 MPa to 1.8 MPa in 1 minute and held at 1.8 MPa for 5 minutes. And “10" of the column of "time” of a “squeezing process” shows that the time which squeezes the said concentrated sludge is 10 minutes in total.
  • Example 1 Sludge was subjected to solid-liquid separation in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pressure filtration step and the pressing step were not performed. In the same manner as in Example 1, the “solid content concentration” of the compressed sludge was measured by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the solid-liquid separation method of Example 1 from Table 1, using one solid-liquid separation device, the solid content concentration of 0.74% by mass (about 1% by mass) from the sludge with a solid content concentration of 45% by mass is obtained. It turns out that sludge was obtained.
  • the suction filtration time in the suction filtration process was shortened to 10 minutes, and each “pressure” was increased step by step in the pressure filtration process and the compression process. It can be seen that the total time for liquid separation was significantly reduced.
  • concentration of concentrated sludge does not rise so much only by the suction filtration process by the solid-liquid separation method of the comparative example 1.
  • Example 3 The solid content concentration of the sludge used for the solid-liquid separation is 1.2% by mass, except that the conditions of the suction filtration process, the pressure filtration process and the compression process are changed as follows, as in Example 1, Solid-liquid separation of sludge was performed.
  • the pressure in the secondary space was set to “ ⁇ 0.025 MPa (gauge pressure)” and the filtration time was set to 10 minutes (conditions of the suction filtration step).
  • the pressure in the secondary space is maintained at “ ⁇ 0.025 MPa (gauge pressure)” and the primary space is pressurized at “0.20 MPa (gauge pressure)” for 30 minutes.
  • FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the filtration time and the amount of filtrate discharged into the secondary space.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the filtration time and the filtrate amount in the solid-liquid separation methods of Examples 3 and 4.
  • Example 4 The solid content concentration of the sludge used for the solid-liquid separation is 1.2% by mass, except that the conditions of the suction filtration process, the pressure filtration process and the compression process are changed as follows, as in Example 1, Solid-liquid separation of sludge was performed.
  • the pressure in the secondary space was set to “ ⁇ 0.025 MPa (gauge pressure)”, and the filtration time was set to 90 minutes (conditions of the suction filtration step).
  • the pressure in the secondary space is maintained at “ ⁇ 0.025 MPa (gauge pressure)” and the primary space is pressurized at “0.39 MPa (gauge pressure)” for 10 minutes ( Pressure filtration process conditions).
  • FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the filtration time and the amount of filtrate discharged into the secondary space.
  • Example 3 From FIG. 9, in the solid-liquid separation method of Example 3, 3.5 kg of filtrate was discharged in about 70 minutes, whereas in the solid-liquid separation method of Example 4, 3.5 kg was discharged in about 110 minutes. It can be seen that the filtrate is discharged. From this, in the solid-liquid separation method of this invention, it turns out that solid-liquid separation of sludge can be performed in a short time by shortening a suction filtration process to about 10 minutes and switching to a pressure filtration process. The difference between Example 3 and Example 4 is that in Example 3, when the pressure filtration for 40 minutes was performed after the suction filtration for 10 minutes (total of 50 minutes), the amount of filtrate reached 3 kg.
  • Example 4 the amount of the filtrate reached 3 kg after suction filtration for 90 minutes. That is, rather than continuing the suction filtration process for a long time, the filtration time can be significantly shortened by ending the suction filtration process in a short time and switching to the pressure filtration process.
  • the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention can be suitably used for treating sludge having a solid content concentration of about 1% by mass discharged from a water purification plant.

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Abstract

Dispositif de séparation solide-liquide (100) équipé d'un filtre (3) qui comprend un tissu filtrant (1) et un corps de filtre principal (2) dont l'intérieur est partagé par ledit tissu filtrant (1) qui forme un espace primaire (4) qui est l'espace d'un côté du tissu filtrant (1) et est l'espace où la boue est introduite et un espace secondaire (5) qui est l'espace de l'autre côté du tissu filtrant (1) et est l'espace où le filtrat est déchargé ; d'un moyen de réduction de la pression (11) qui peut dépressuriser l'espace secondaire (5) ; d'un moyen d'alimentation en boue (12) qui peut alimenter l'espace primaire (4) en boue ; d'un moyen de pressurisation de la boue (13) qui peut pressuriser la boue introduite dans l'espace primaire (4) ; et d'un moyen de compression de la boue qui peut comprimer la boue concentrée qui adhère à la surface du côté primaire (6) qui est la surface du tissu filtrant (1) du côté de l'espace primaire (4) quand la boue introduite dans l'espace primaire (4) est filtrée par le tissu filtrant (1). Le tissu filtrant (1) est un tissu filtrant formé à partir de monofilaments. Le dispositif de séparation solide-liquide décrit est capable de concentrer une boue contenant environ 1 % en poids de fractions solides pour former une boue contenant plus de 40 % en poids de fractions solides.
PCT/JP2011/062840 2010-06-07 2011-06-03 Dispositif de séparation solide-liquide WO2011155415A1 (fr)

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CN111035977A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-21 珠海杰赛科技有限公司 一种树脂塞孔油墨的过滤装置
CN116492729A (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-07-28 中大贝莱特压滤机有限公司 板框式高效分离压滤机系统

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JP2000334221A (ja) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-05 Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd フィルタープレス装置およびスラッジの脱水方法、ならびにフィルタープレス用濾板

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111035977A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-21 珠海杰赛科技有限公司 一种树脂塞孔油墨的过滤装置
CN116492729A (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-07-28 中大贝莱特压滤机有限公司 板框式高效分离压滤机系统
CN116492729B (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-11-10 中大贝莱特压滤机有限公司 板框式高效分离压滤机系统

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