WO2011153949A1 - 一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法 - Google Patents
一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011153949A1 WO2011153949A1 PCT/CN2011/075519 CN2011075519W WO2011153949A1 WO 2011153949 A1 WO2011153949 A1 WO 2011153949A1 CN 2011075519 W CN2011075519 W CN 2011075519W WO 2011153949 A1 WO2011153949 A1 WO 2011153949A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of control of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a method for determining the remaining mileage of an electric vehicle. Background technique
- Source pressure one of the effective means to reduce environmental pollution.
- electric vehicles are driven by pure electric power, which can reduce emissions and reduce energy consumption. Therefore, it is well received by the public.
- the driving range of the electric car can not reach the level of the fuel car. Therefore, it is necessary to know the remaining mileage of the electric car in real time, so as to ensure that when driving the electric car, it will not be in the middle of the road because of the battery consumption. Break down and increase the availability of electric vehicles. Summary of the invention
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle, and the technical solution is as follows:
- a method of determining a remaining mileage of an electric vehicle comprising the steps of:
- the beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are:
- a method for determining the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle is proposed according to the driving power balance of the electric vehicle, and the method can relatively accurately determine the current remaining mileage of the electric vehicle, thereby enabling the driver to drive the electric vehicle.
- the distance is accurately grasped, which improves the practicality of electric vehicles.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining remaining mileage of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a medium gradient limiting algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a medium slope limiting algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the driving range of an electric vehicle refers to the mileage that the electric vehicle travels from the full state of the power battery to the end of the standard-specified test.
- the remaining mileage refers to the mileage that the car can still drive while maintaining the current driving style under the current conditions.
- the remaining mileage of an electric vehicle is not only related to the remaining energy of the power battery, but also has a great relationship with driving style, driving road conditions, driving environment and the like.
- the present embodiment utilizes a VMS (Vehicle Management System) and a BMS (Battery Management System) as shown in FIG.
- System components such as power battery management system, MCU (Motor Control System), instrumentation, motor, power battery, and transmission provide a method for determining the remaining mileage of an electric vehicle.
- the calculated error is very large. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate the instantaneous driving force Ft to obtain the average driving force F.
- the vehicle control system knows the driver's driving intention through the pedaling depth of the electronic accelerator pedal. That is, the driver's current request torque value principle is: Generally, the accelerator pedal depression depth is proportional to the requested torque value - When the driver releases the pedal, it indicates that the driver has no acceleration request; when the driver pushes the accelerator pedal to the bottom, it indicates that the driver needs to request the maximum driving torque.
- the method for determining the remaining mileage of an electric vehicle includes the following steps:
- the vehicle control system calculates the remaining energy W of the electric vehicle battery according to the battery S0C value obtained by the battery management system and the terminal voltage U of the battery;
- the maximum utilization energy of the battery does not exceed 80% of the total rated energy of the battery.
- the specific value of W0 can be preset in the calculation program of the vehicle control system according to the characteristics of the battery.
- K is a coefficient proportional to the battery efficiency, and can be set in advance in the calculation program of the vehicle control system according to the characteristics of the battery. In this way, the impact of battery efficiency on the remaining energy of the battery is taken into account in the calculation, which makes the determined final remaining mileage more accurate.
- J is a predetermined coefficient proportional to the internal resistance of the battery, and is supplied to the vehicle control system in real time by the power battery management system. In this way, the effect of the battery efficiency and the internal resistance of the battery on the remaining energy of the battery is taken into account in the calculation, which makes the determined final remaining mileage more accurate. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the battery utilizes up to 80% of the total rated energy of the battery.
- the driver's current request torque value TtqO is not necessarily the same as the actual torque value Ttql sent by the motor during actual driving, for example, when the vehicle is in a climbing state, the driver may have stepped on the accelerator pedal.
- the motor needs to provide the maximum driving torque, but the motor can only provide a small torque value, that is, TtqKTtqO at this time; for example, when the vehicle is in a downhill state or needs to be decelerated, the driver may have put the accelerator pedal On, but the motor is still outputting a certain torque, that is, Ttql>TtqO.
- the calculation of the torque value is performed according to the actual situation, so that the real-time power P can be made more accurate.
- the value of Ttq is adopted in TtqO and Ttql. The smaller one to determine the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle The result is more accurate.
- the force F is smoothed, wherein V is the vehicle speed;
- the calculated average driving force F is smoothed by a filtering algorithm. Since the average driving force of the current vehicle calculated in this step is the average force in a certain period of time, which is affected by the change of the instantaneous driving force, the calculated current average driving force has a relatively large jump, so it is necessary to adopt a suitable filtering algorithm. To smooth the current average driving force of the whole vehicle, the final average driving force can be better fit and reflect the current driving conditions, so that the determined remaining mileage is more accurate.
- the filtering algorithm adopted in this step includes a gradient limiting algorithm and a slope limiting algorithm.
- the purpose of the gradient limiting algorithm is to reduce the sudden change in the amplitude of the ladder.
- the specific principles are as follows:
- F0 is the average force calculated in the first 20s
- F1 is the average force calculated in the last 20s
- F_mid is the intermediate amount used by the gradient limit algorithm
- F_new is the current average force after the gradient limit algorithm.
- F- mid F0 + AF1 ;
- F new F - mid + AF2-, and AF1 and AF2 are obtained by looking up the table according to the preset AFJn and AF-Diff tables respectively. Since F0 and F1 are known, the gradient limit algorithm can be used. F_new, the average force F_new is the current average force finally calculated by the gradient limiting algorithm.
- the slope limiting algorithm limits the growth gradient of the input signal during each run cycle, which is reflected as a slope limit.
- the dotted line in Figure 4 is the average force before the slope limiting algorithm, and the solid line is the average force after the slope limiting algorithm. After the slope limiting algorithm, the curve of the average force can be seen to be significantly smoother.
- Pe Ttq *N/9550, where Pe is power; Ttq is torque; N is motor speed;
- Pe P, from which the instantaneous driving force Ft is calculated, and by integrating the instantaneous driving force Ft, the average driving force F in a certain period of time can be obtained.
- the vehicle control system detects the pedaling depth of the accelerator pedal, interprets the driver's drive torque request, and sends the driver's torque request to the motor control system via the CAN (Control Area Network) bus.
- the motor control system receives the driver's torque request, it will control the motor to output the torque demanded by the driver to meet the needs of the vehicle drive.
- the motor control system also feeds back the current actual output torque to the vehicle control system.
- the power battery management system will always detect the terminal voltage of the power battery and calculate the S0C value of the power battery, and send it to the vehicle control system through the CAN bus.
- the vehicle control system receives the current power battery S0C value and the terminal voltage, the actual output torque fed back by the motor, and the driver's requested torque, and determines the remaining mileage of the current electric vehicle, and then sends the remaining mileage information to the CAN bus.
- the meter display allows the driver to know the current remaining mileage of the vehicle at all times and take the correct route.
- a method for determining the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle is proposed according to the driving power balance of the electric vehicle, and the method can calculate the current remaining mileage of the electric vehicle relatively accurately, so that the driver can drive the electric vehicle.
- the distance is accurately grasped, which improves the practicality of electric vehicles.
- All or part of the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, and may also be completed by a software program, which is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a hard disk in a computer. , CD or floppy disk, etc.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法 本申请要求于 2010年 6月 11 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201010199633. 1, 发明名 称为 "一种电动汽车剩余里程的计算方法" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引 用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
说
本发明属于电动汽车的控制技术领域, 特别涉及一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法。 背景技术
能源危机和环境恶化已成为制约全球发展重要因素, 研究节能、 环保的汽车是缓解能 书
源压力、 降低环境污染的有效手段之一。 与传统内燃机车或混合动力车相比, 电动汽车采 用纯电力驱动, 能达到减少排放, 降低能耗的目的, 因此深受公众的欢迎。 但由于目前车 载电池的容量限制, 电动汽车的续驶里程还达不到燃油汽车的水平, 因此需要实时了解电 动汽车的剩余里程, 才能保证人们在驾驶电动汽车时, 不会在半路因为电池耗尽而抛锚, 提高电动汽车的可用性。 发明内容
为了使驾驶者能更加准确地获知电动汽车的剩余里程, 提高电动汽车的可用性, 本发 明实施例提供了一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 所述技术方案如下:
提供了一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 所述方法包括如下步骤:
根据电池管理系统获取的电池 SOC ( State Of Charge , 充电状态) 值及电池的端电 压 U计算出电动汽车电池的剩余能量 W;
根据加速踏板深度计算出驾驶员当前的请求扭矩值 Ttq0, 并通过电机控制系统获知当 前电机发出的实际扭矩值 Ttql, 结合电机的工作状况来选择所要采用的扭矩值, 根据公式 P=Ttq*N/9550计算出功率值 P, 其中 Ttq为所采用的扭矩值, N为通过电机控制系统获知的 电机转速;
根据公式 Ft = P/V计算出瞬时驱动力 Ft, 并对瞬时驱动力 Ft进行积分, 计算出一定 时间内的平均驱动力 F, 其中 V为车速;
根据公式 S=W/F求出电动汽车的剩余里程 S。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是:
本发明实施例通过根据电动汽车的驱动功率平衡定量, 提出了确定电动汽车剩余里程 的方法, 该方法能够相对准确地确定出电动汽车当前的剩余里程, 从而使驾驶员能够对电 动汽车所能行驶的距离有个准确地把握, 提高了电动汽车的实用性。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的 附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本 领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的 附图。
图 1 是本发明实施例提供的电动汽车的系统结构示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例提供的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法流程图;
图 3是本发明实施例提供的中梯度限制算法的原理示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例提供的中斜率限制算法的原理示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作 进一步地详细描述。
实施例
根据国家 EV863-标准法规规定,电动汽车的续驶里程是指:电动汽车从动力蓄电池全充 满状态开始到标准规定的试验结束时所走的里程。 而剩余里程是指汽车在当前情况下,保持 现有驾驶方式还能行驶的里程。 事实上,电动汽车的剩余里程不仅与动力电池的剩余能量有 关,而且与驾驶方式、 行驶路况、 驾驶环境等也有很大关系。 为了使驾驶者能更加准确地获 知电动汽车的剩余里程, 进而提高电动汽车的可用性, 本实施例利用如图 1 所示的 VMS ( Vehicle Management System, 整车控制系统)、 BMS ( Battery Management System, 动 力电池管理系统)、 MCU (Motor Control System, 电机控制系统)、 仪表, 电机, 动力电池, 变速器等系统部件, 提供了一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法。 该方法首先计算出电池的 剩余能量 W, 然后再通过剩余能量 W及扭矩值来计算出汽车驱动电机的实时功率 P, 再根据 Ft = P/V计算出瞬时驱动力 Ft , 因为瞬时驱动力 Ft是时刻变化的, 且变化很大, 所以利 用瞬时驱动力 Ft来确定电动汽车剩余里程而言并不实用, 计算得到的误差很大, 因此需要 对瞬时驱动力 Ft进行积分, 得到平均驱动力 F, 最后根据公式 S=W/F求出电动汽车的剩余
里程 s。整车控制系统通过电子加速踏板的踩踏深度来获知驾驶员的驾驶意图, 即驾驶员当 前的请求扭矩值的原理是: 一般来说, 加速踏板的踩下深度与请求扭矩值成正比关系—— 当驾驶员松开踏板时, 表示驾驶员无加速请求; 当驾驶员将加速踏板踩到底的时候, 表示 驾驶员需要请求最大的驱动扭矩。
参见图 2, 本实施例提供的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法包括如下步骤:
201: 整车控制系统根据电池管理系统获取的电池 S0C值及电池的端电压 U计算出电动 汽车电池的剩余能量 W;
其中, wo=电池额定总能量-电池最多利用能量, 为保护电池, 防止电池过度放电, 影 响电池寿命及其他一些特性, 该步骤中的剩余能量可采用公式 W=S0C*U*3. 6-W0进行计算。 一般来说, 电池最多利用能量不超过电池额定总能量的 80%, W0 的具体数值可以根据电池 的特性在整车控制系统的计算程序中预先设定。
因为电池的效率直接影响到电池的放电能力, 因此该步骤中的剩余能量也可采用公式 W=K (S0C*U*3. 6-W0) 进行计算。 其中, K为与电池效率成近似正比关系的系数, 可以根据 电池的特性在整车控制系统的计算程序中预先设定。 这样在计算中兼顾到电池效率对电池 剩余能量的影响, 会使得确定的最终的剩余里程更加准确。
又因为电池的内阻也会影响到电池的放电能力, 即涉及到电池剩余能量的最终转化, 电池的内阻越大, 电池在能量转化过程中的损失也就越大, 因此该步骤中的剩余能量还可 采用公式 W= (K-J) (S0C*U*3. 6-W0) 进行计算。 其中, J 为预定的与电池内阻成近似正比 关系的系数, 由动力电池管理系统实时提供给整车控制系统。 这样在计算中兼顾到电池效 率及电池内阻对电池剩余能量的影响, 会使得确定的最终的剩余里程更加准确。 因此, 在 本实施例中, 电池最多利用能量为电池额定总能量的 80%。
202: 整车控制系统根据加速踏板深度计算出驾驶员当前的请求扭矩值 Ttq0, 并通过电 机控制系统获知当前电机发出的实际扭矩值 Ttql,根据公式 P=Ttq*N/9550计算出功率值 P, 其中 Ttq为所采用的扭矩值, N为通过电机控制系统获知的电机转速;
针对该步骤, 因为在实际行驶中, 驾驶员当前的请求扭矩值 TtqO与电机发出的实际扭 矩值 Ttql并不一定相同, 例如说当车辆处于爬坡状态时, 可能驾驶员已经将加速踏板踩到 底, 需要电机提供最大的驱动扭矩, 但此时电机只能提供一个较小的扭矩值, 即此时 TtqKTtqO; 又例如说当车辆处于下坡状态或者需要减速时, 可能驾驶员已经将加速踏板放 开, 但电机仍然在输出一定的扭矩, 即此时 Ttql〉TtqO。 综上所述, 需根据实际情况来采取 不同的扭矩值来进行计算, 才能使得到的实时功率 P 更加准确, 在本发明实施例提供的方 法的该步骤中, Ttq的值采用 TtqO和 Ttql中较小的一个, 以使确定出的电动汽车剩余里程
的结果更加准确。
203: 整车控制系统根据公式 Ft = P/V计算出瞬时驱动力 Ft, 并对瞬时驱动力 Ft进行 积分, 计算出一定时间内的平均驱动力 F, 并利用滤波算法对计算得到的平均驱动力 F进行 平滑处理, 其中 V为车速;
在该步骤中, 利用滤波算法对计算得到的平均驱动力 F进行平滑处理。 由于该步骤中 计算得到的当前整车平均驱动力为一定时间内的平均力, 受到瞬时驱动力的变化影响, 计 算得到的当前平均驱动力具有比较大的跳跃性, 所以需要采用合适的滤波算法来平滑当前 整车平均驱动力, 使得最终的平均驱动力能够更好的贴合实际, 反应当前驾驶工况, 从而 使确定的剩余里程更加准确。
具体实现时, 该步骤采取的滤波算法包括梯度限制算法和斜率限制算法, 经过上述两 种滤波过后, 整车平均驱动力相对连续、 平滑, 能够更好的贴合实际, 反应当前驾驶工况。 从而为准确确定剩余里程提供重要的参数。
梯度限制算法的目的是减少梯的骤然变化幅度, 具体原理如下:
如图 3所示, F0为前 20s内计算的平均力; F1为后 20s内计算的平均力; F_mid为梯 度限制算法使用的中间量; F_new为经过梯度限制算法后的当前平均力。
其巾:
Δ F— In = F1 - F0;
Δ F— Diff = F1 - F— mid;
F— mid = F0 + AF1 ;
F new = F— mid + AF2-, 而 AF1、 AF2是分别根据预先设置的 AFJn、 AF— Diff表来查表得到的, 由于 F0、 F1 都是已知的, 所以通过梯度限制算法便可得到 F_new, 该平均力 F_new就是最终经过梯度 限制算法计算得到的当前平均力。
如图 4所示, 斜率限制算法就是限制输入信号在每个运行周期内的增长梯度, 从而反 映为斜率限制。 图 4 中的虚线部分为斜率限制算法之前的平均力, 实线为斜率限制算法之 后的平均力, 经过斜率限制算法以后, 可以见到平均力的曲线明显更加平滑。
204: 整车控制系统根据公式 S=W/F求出电动汽车的剩余里程 S。
综上所述, 本实施例提供的方法的具体原理如下:
根据电机转速特性, 功率与转矩存在如下关系: Pe=Ttq *N/9550,其中 Pe为功率; Ttq 为转矩; N为电机转速。
根据公式:
( 1 ): Pe=Ttq *N/9550, 其中 Pe为功率; Ttq为转矩; N为电机转速;
( 2 ): P=Ft*V, 其中 P为功率; Ft为瞬时驱动力; V为车速。
根据功率平衡可知: Pe=P, 由此计算出瞬时驱动力 Ft, 对此瞬时驱动力 Ft积分, 就可 以求出一定时间内的平均驱动力 F。
根据公式: W=F*S, 其中 W为驱动力 F在位移方向做的功; S为位移。 已知电池的剩余 能量与驱动力在位移方向做的功是等效的, 由此可知: 位移 S=W/F。
实际应用时, 整车控制系统检测加速踏板的踩踏深度, 解释出驾驶员的驱动扭矩请求, 并将驾驶员的扭矩请求通过 CAN (Control ler Area Network, 控制器局域网络) 总线发送 给电机控制系统, 电机控制系统接受到驾驶员的扭矩请求, 就会控制电机使其输出驾驶员 需求的扭矩, 以满足整车驱动的需求。 同时, 电机控制系统也会反馈当前实际输出的扭矩 给整车控制系统。 动力电池管理系统会时刻检测动力电池的端电压并计算动力电池的 S0C 值, 并通过 CAN总线将其发送给整车控制系统。 整车控制系统接收当前动力电池 S0C值以 及端电压, 电机反馈的实际输出扭矩, 以及驾驶员的请求扭矩等信息, 并确定出当前电动 汽车剩余里程, 然后通过 CAN总线, 将剩余里程信息发送给仪表显示, 使驾驶员时刻可以 知道整车目前的剩余里程, 从而采取正确的行驶路线。
本发明实施例通过根据电动汽车的驱动功率平衡定量, 提出了确定电动汽车剩余里程 的方法, 该方法能够相对准确地计算出电动汽车当前的剩余里程, 从而使驾驶员能够对电 动汽车所能行驶的距离有个准确地把握, 提高了电动汽车的实用性。 以上实施例提供的技术方案中的全部或部分内容可以通过硬件实现, 还可以通过软件 程序指令相应的硬件来完成, 软件程序存储在可读取的存储介质中, 存储介质例如: 计算 机中的硬盘、 光盘或软盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原则 之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括如下步骤: 根据电池管理系统获取的电池 S0C值及电池的端电压 U计算出电动汽车电池的剩余能量
W;
根据加速踏板深度计算出驾驶员当前的请求扭矩值 TtqO, 并通过电机控制系统获知当前 电机发出的实际扭矩值 Ttql, 结合电机的工作状况来选择所要采用的扭矩值, 根据公式 P=Ttq*N/9550计算出功率值 P, 其中 Ttq为所采用的扭矩值, N为通过电机控制系统获知的 电机转速;
根据公式 Ft = P/V计算出瞬时驱动力 Ft, 并对瞬时驱动力 Ft进行积分, 计算出一定时 间内的平均驱动力 F, 其中 V为车速;
根据公式 S=W/F求出电动汽车的剩余里程 S。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 Ttq的值为 TtqO和 Ttql中较小的一个。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述剩余能量 W=S0C*U*3. 6。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述剩余能量 W=S0C*U*3. 6-W0, 其中 W0=电池额定总能量-电池最多利用能量。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述剩余能量 W=K ( S0C*U*3. 6-W0 ) , 其中 W0=电池额定总能量-电池最多利用能量, K为与电池效率成近似 正比关系的系数。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述剩余能量 W= ( K-J) ( S0C*U*3. 6-W0 ) , 其中 W0=电池额定总能量-电池最多利用能量, K为预定的与电池 效率成近似正比关系的系数, J为预定的与电池内阻成近似正比关系的系数。
7、根据权利要求 1或 2或 4所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方 法还包括利用滤波算法对计算得到的平均驱动力 F进行平滑处理。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的确定电动汽车剩余里程的方法, 其特征在于, 所述滤波算法包 括梯度限制算法和斜率限制算法。
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