WO2011149004A1 - 微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造方法および製造装置 - Google Patents
微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造方法および製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011149004A1 WO2011149004A1 PCT/JP2011/062053 JP2011062053W WO2011149004A1 WO 2011149004 A1 WO2011149004 A1 WO 2011149004A1 JP 2011062053 W JP2011062053 W JP 2011062053W WO 2011149004 A1 WO2011149004 A1 WO 2011149004A1
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- film
- mold
- peeling
- roll
- rolls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0003—Discharging moulded articles from the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0003—Discharging moulded articles from the mould
- B29C37/0007—Discharging moulded articles from the mould using means operable from outside the mould for moving between mould parts, e.g. robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0003—Discharging moulded articles from the mould
- B29C37/0014—Discharging moulded articles from the mould by flexibly or permanently deforming undercut portions of the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29D7/01—Films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
- B29C2059/023—Microembossing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a film having a fine surface structure in which a continuous film is sequentially supplied to a forming apparatus and a fine structure is formed on the surface of the film.
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a film having a fine surface structure capable of smoothly peeling a molded film having a fine surface structure having a plurality of orthogonal fine grooves from a mold.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for producing a film used for an optical medium such as a light guide plate, a light diffusing plate, or a lens, a method for forming a fine structure on the film surface has been conventionally known. For example, for a roll-like long film An apparatus and a method for intermittently forming a fine structure have been proposed (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
- the fine structure on the mold surface is transferred to the film surface by pressing the film supplied from the unwinding roll into the press apparatus with a mold having a fine structure formed on the surface.
- a film is softened by heating a film to the glass transition point or more of resin which comprises a film, and a moldability is improved.
- the press pressure is released and a certain tension is applied to the film to peel the film from the mold surface. Then, while sending a film downstream, the film to be shape
- Patent Document 3 Patent Document 4
- a constant tension is applied to the film at the peeling line (between the mold and the film) by moving the roll on the mold surface while rotating the roll in the same direction as the film transport direction. Since it is continuously applied, a uniform and smooth peeling state can be created over the entire molding region. In particular, when the groove on the mold surface is formed along the moving direction (peeling direction) of the peeling line, a smoother peeling operation is possible.
- the peeling direction and the groove in the film width direction are orthogonal to each other, and the peeling resistance becomes enormous and smooth peeling becomes difficult. was there.
- the reason why the peeling resistance becomes enormous is that when peeling, that is, when the resin molded body filled in the groove is pulled out, a large resin deformation is required simultaneously in each groove in the width direction. This is because the frictional force generated between them increases.
- Patent Document 5 a method of peeling in a direction inclined by ⁇ / 2 from the groove is proposed, where ⁇ is the intersection angle of the two grooves.
- the grooves are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the conveyance direction and the width direction. We have not come up with a concrete solution for this case.
- the present invention has been obtained as a result of intensive studies to solve the above-described problems, and is obtained by sequentially supplying continuous films to a molding apparatus, particularly in two directions orthogonal to the film surface.
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for a film having a fine surface structure that can be formed by intermittently forming a fine structure having a groove and then smoothly released and conveyed after forming, particularly due to a release step. It aims at suppressing the fault to perform and the fall of a yield.
- a method for producing a film having a fine surface structure according to the present invention includes a groove extending on a surface at least in a direction perpendicular to the film transport direction and a groove extending in a direction intersecting the groove.
- a method for producing a film having a fine surface structure including at least a mold release step of peeling the film attached to the mold in the surface molding step from the mold, In the mold release step, the film is peeled from the mold so that the peeling start portion forms a peeling line extending linearly and the peeling line is continuously moved toward the upstream side in the film transport direction. And the angle of the continuously moving peeling line with respect to the film transport direction is in the range of 15 to 75 degrees.
- a groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the film transport direction is an essential groove from the surface of the purpose of solving the problems at the time of peeling of the film as described above.
- the groove extending in the direction intersecting with the groove does not necessarily need to be orthogonal to the groove.
- the groove extending in the direction orthogonal to the film conveyance direction does not necessarily extend linearly, and may extend in a direction orthogonal to the film conveyance direction while being slightly waved. That is, such a form is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the peeling line is continuously moved toward the upstream side in the transport direction of the film at the time of peeling the film from the mold in the releasing step, and the peeling line.
- the peeling line are continuously moved while being inclined at an angle in the range of 15 to 75 degrees with respect to the film transport direction. Therefore, when the film is peeled from the groove formed on the surface of the mold and extending in the direction orthogonal to the film conveyance direction, the groove and the peeling line are always obliquely crossed. On the other hand, the film is sequentially peeled along the extending direction of the groove.
- the grooves formed on the surface of the mold are in two directions orthogonal to each other, a groove extending in a direction orthogonal to the film transport direction and a groove extending in the film transport direction. It is possible to take a form including a groove. By setting the direction of both grooves, fine irregularities extending in the film width direction and the film longitudinal direction are formed along the film conveying direction so as to be orthogonal to each other. It is possible to collect the film product part on which the film is formed without waste, and the product yield is improved.
- the peel line forms 45 degrees with respect to the film transport direction.
- the peeling line is in the film conveyance direction. If the angle is 45 degrees, the same oblique angle state is obtained with respect to both grooves, so that it is possible to perform smooth peeling with a small peeling force with respect to both grooves.
- the angle of the peeling line with respect to the film transport direction is exactly 45 degrees, an equivalent effect can be obtained as long as it is within a range of about 45 degrees ⁇ 2 degrees.
- the mold release step may be performed using a peeling roll for peeling the film from the mold and an auxiliary roll arranged in parallel with the peeling roll. It can. That is, in the mold release step, both rolls are formed by rotating both rolls while holding the film between a peeling roll for peeling the film from the mold and an auxiliary roll arranged parallel to the peeling roll. A method of peeling the film from the mold surface by moving it in parallel with the mold surface can be adopted. In such a form, as will be described in detail in Examples described later, the film is more smoothly peeled from the mold.
- the two rolls and the film are kept in a non-contact state by interposing an air layer.
- the angle of the peeling line that moves continuously with respect to the film transport direction is an angle within the range of 15 degrees to 75 degrees
- the movement direction of the both rolls with respect to the mold is The direction is perpendicular to the peel line.
- both rolls are diagonal with respect to the conveyance direction of a film.
- the film is moved in the direction, the film is moved in a direction perpendicular to the peeling line with respect to the peeling line, so that the film immediately after peeling from the mold has a relative deviation from the surface of the peeling roll.
- the film on the surface of the peeling roll is smoothly transferred as it is from the surface of the peeling roll to the surface of the auxiliary roll without causing a shift in the film width direction. It is sent from the surface of the auxiliary roll to the downstream side in the film transport direction. As a result, between the film peeling from the mold and the feeding from the auxiliary roll to the downstream side in the film transport direction, there will be no surface rubbing between the film and both rolls. The surface quality of the film formed with the fine structure is kept good.
- the apparatus for producing a film having a fine surface structure includes a mold in which a groove extending in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the film and a groove extending in a direction intersecting the groove are formed on the surface, Supply means for intermittently supplying a film to the mold; Press molding means for transferring a shape corresponding to the surface shape of the mold to at least one surface of the film by pressing the supplied film against the surface of the mold;
- the releasing means rolls the film on the mold while peeling the film from the mold, an auxiliary roll arranged in parallel with the peeling roll, and the film is held by the peeling roll.
- Auxiliary roll holding means for holding the auxiliary roll in position, and continuously moving both rolls parallel to the surface of the mold while maintaining the relative positional relationship between the two rolls in a state where the film is held on the peeling roll And an angle of the axis direction of both the rolls with respect to the film transport direction is set within a range of 15 degrees to 75 degrees. Also in this apparatus, the concept regarding the direction of the groove of the mold is as described above.
- the grooves formed on the surface of the mold have two grooves perpendicular to each other, a groove extending in a direction perpendicular to the film transport direction and a groove extending in the film transport direction. It is preferable that it contains.
- the direction of the axial center of both the rolls is set to be 45 degrees with respect to the film transport direction.
- the angle is exactly 45 degrees, but a range of about 45 degrees ⁇ 2 degrees is an allowable range.
- first form in which the moving direction of both rolls by the roll moving means is set in a direction toward the upstream side in the film transport direction.
- second form in which the moving direction of the two rolls by the roll moving means is set in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis of the two rolls may be employed.
- the both rolls are configured so that air can be blown from the surface.
- the outer surfaces of the two rolls are formed of a porous body, whereby a uniform and desirable air blowing structure can be easily achieved.
- both the rolls are configured to be rotatable, and the roll moving means is parallel to the surface of the mold and is directed toward the upstream side in the film transport direction.
- the tension applying mechanism for applying tension to the film including the mechanism forcibly driving straightly may be provided on the downstream side in the film transport direction with respect to the auxiliary roll.
- the mold surface has grooves that are orthogonal to the film transport direction and the width direction, which facilitates product design and high product yield.
- the resin does not remain inside the groove of the mold.
- defects in the fine surface structure of the manufactured film and defects in appearance can be reduced, and the life of the mold can be extended.
- the peeling speed can be increased, so that the tact time can be shortened, and thereby the productivity can be improved.
- An apparatus for producing a film having a fine surface structure includes a mold, a pressing device that presses the film against the surface of the mold, a film on the surface of the mold, and a film to be molded next.
- a device for producing a surface microstructure film including at least a release supply device for supplying to the surface of a mold and a transfer device for transferring a film, wherein the release supply device peels off the film, for example.
- a roll unit parallel moving means for moving both the rolls in parallel with the surface of the mold while holding, and the axis of the two rolls is 15 degrees to the film conveying direction. It is arranged to make 75 degrees.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of one embodiment of the fine surface structure film manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention as viewed from the width direction of the film 2.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the mold 3 in which two orthogonal grooves are formed on the surface.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a release supply device included in the apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and
- FIG. 4 is a front view seen from the winding side in the film transport direction.
- the fine surface structure film manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a press device 10, an unwind unit 50 and a take-up unit 60 that are the above-described transfer devices, and a gold having a fine uneven shape formed on the surface.
- the mold supply device 20 for releasing the molding film in close contact with the mold 3 and supplying the molding film to be molded next, the heater unit 30 for heating and cooling the mold 3, and the cooling unit 40 And.
- the surface 3a on which the forming film 2 wound up in a roll shape by the unwinding unit 50 is unwound and the fine shape of the mold 3 is processed by the press apparatus 10 is used.
- the shape corresponding to the shape of the surface of the mold 3, that is, the fine shape of the reverse pattern to the fine shape of the mold 3 is transferred and molded to the film forming surface 2 a, released, and the winding unit 60.
- the film 2 to be transferred and molded next is fed to the mold.
- transfer molding, mold release, and supply are sequentially repeated.
- the molding process is not limited to the heat molding method, and can be performed by a molding method using light, for example.
- the heating unit 30 and the cooling unit 40 which are temperature control devices are not necessary in the apparatus and method of the present invention.
- a groove 311 extending in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the film 2 and a groove 312 extending in a direction intersecting the groove 311 (particularly, a direction orthogonal) are formed on the surface of the mold 3.
- a fine uneven shape on the mold surface transferred to the film 2 is formed.
- the mold release supply device 20 includes a roll unit 210 that holds the film 2 by two rolls and a unit linear motion unit 220 that reciprocates the roll unit 210 in the film transport direction.
- the roll unit 210 in which the peeling roll 211 and the auxiliary roll 212 are arranged in parallel is connected to the unit linear motion means 220 via the support plate 230, and the film is held on a part of the surface of the peeling roll 211.
- the auxiliary roll 212 is connected to the arm support plate 230 so as to urge the peeling roll 211 in the vicinity of the outer surface of the peeling roll so that the film is held on a part of the outer surface when the film is passed between both rolls. .
- an angle ⁇ formed by the axis (one-dot chain line S) of the peeling roll 211 and the auxiliary roll 212 and the film transport direction (arrow A or B) is an angle within a range of 15 to 75 degrees.
- the peeling line forms 45 degrees with respect to the film transport direction. In this case, since it can peel with the smallest force, it is possible to suppress the tearing of the resin at the time of mold release and the resin remaining in the mold.
- Both ends of the peeling roll 211 are attached so that the peeling roll 211 can freely rotate around the roll axis (one-dot chain line S).
- the attachment positions at both ends are shifted in the transport direction as illustrated in FIG. 3 according to the angle formed by the peeling line and the transport direction.
- the rotation driving means 215 is connected to one end portion. In this case, it is configured to be able to operate at a designated rotational speed in either the forward rotation or the reverse rotation according to a command from a host controller (not shown).
- a host controller not shown.
- a configuration in which a servo motor is combined as the rotation driving means and a servo amplifier is combined as the rotation controller is preferable.
- the auxiliary roll 212 is also attached at both ends so that the auxiliary roll 212 can freely rotate around the roll axis (one-dot chain line S), and the attachment positions of both ends depend on the inclination ⁇ of the roll axis from the conveying direction. Shifts in the transport direction.
- the unit linear motion means 220 is connected to a linear drive means 221 such as a linear drive motor, a ball screw 225 for moving and guiding the roll unit 210, and a linear motion guide 223.
- the linear drive means 221 and the rotational drive means 215 are suitable for obtaining smooth operation because it is preferable to synchronize their operations, but an electromagnetic actuator or a pneumatic actuator may be used.
- an electromagnetic actuator or a pneumatic actuator may be used.
- the linear force of the roll unit 210 can be obtained only by the frictional force and the film tension.
- the direct drive means 221 may be omitted.
- the tension applying mechanism may have a structure in which the transport driving roll 64 is connected to a rotation driving means such as a motor (not shown).
- the unit linearly moving means 220 is driven while rotating the peeling roll 211 to move the release unit to the unwinding side (arrow A direction) in the transport direction.
- the thickness is preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
- the peeling roll 211 and the surface of the mold 3 may come into contact with each other when the film 2 is peeled off.
- an elastic member such as an air cylinder or a spring is provided in the vicinity of both ends of the peeling roll 211 in the film width direction so that the force pressing the mold surface of the peeling roll 211 can be controlled. . Smooth peeling can be obtained by contacting or pressing the film 2 on the mold surface.
- the film contact portions of the peeling roll 211 and the auxiliary roll 212 are arranged so that the fine pattern shape on the mold surface is not damaged even if the film is supplied while contacting or pressing the mold surface.
- You may comprise resin which has silicone type resin or fluorine resin as a main component so that a roll surface may not deteriorate. Since the peeling direction (arrow C) and the moving direction of the roll unit during release (arrow A) are different, the film after peeling requires a certain slip on the surface of the peeling roll 211. Therefore, the material of the surface of the peeling roll 211 or the auxiliary roll 212 is preferably a material having a low friction coefficient, and a resin or metal containing a fluororesin is also preferably used.
- the surface treatment which reduces a friction coefficient to the surface of these resin or metal.
- the surface treatment for reducing the friction coefficient there is a coating (film formation) of diamond-like carbon or fluorine resin.
- diamond-like carbon is a general term for carbon-based thin films with high hardness and surface smoothness similar to diamond, and can be coated (deposited) by ion plating, plasma CVD, etc. is there.
- an air layer is preferably interposed between each roll and the film.
- the thickness of the air layer is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 1 ⁇ m, the air layer is crushed and the roll and the film are likely to contact each other. If the thickness exceeds 100 ⁇ m, a large air pressure is required, and conveyance is not possible. Become stable.
- a configuration in which a member having a large number of holes and grooves, a porous material, or the like is provided in the film contact portion of the roll and connected to a compressed air source such as a compressor is preferable.
- a compressed air source such as a compressor
- a preferable air pressure is generally in the range of 0.01 MPa to 0.5 MPa, although it depends on the characteristics of the film to be applied, the film tension at the time of peeling, and the peeling speed.
- the porous body is preferable in terms of quality because the air ejection portion is dispersed over the width direction of the film, so that traces of the blowout holes are suppressed.
- the porous body may be any of metal, ceramics, and resin, and may be properly used depending on the film material or product application. For example, in the case of a film material that is easily damaged, it is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing damage to the film that the porous body is made of resin. In addition, when there is a concern about contamination of the product due to wear of the porous body, it is preferable to use a metal or ceramic. As the metal, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, copper, nickel, aluminum, or an alloy containing these can be used.
- alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or the like can be used.
- the resin polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like can be applied.
- the material is not limited to the materials listed above, and any material that can be processed into a porous body may be used.
- the transfer surface of the mold has a fine pattern, and methods for forming the pattern on the mold include machining, laser processing, photolithography, and electron beam drawing.
- the fine surface shape formed in the mold includes, for example, grooves periodically repeated with a depth of 10 nm to 1 mm and a period of 10 nm to 1 mm.
- the depth of the groove is more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and the period is more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the cross-sectional shape of the groove as viewed from the longitudinal direction of the groove, there are a part of a circle, a part of an ellipse, a quadrangle (including a trapezoid), a polygon such as a triangle, or an arbitrary combination of these.
- any material can be used as long as desired pressing strength, pattern processing accuracy, and film releasability can be obtained.
- metallic materials including stainless steel, nickel, copper, etc., silicone, glass, Ceramics, resins, or those whose surfaces are coated with an organic film for improving releasability are preferably used.
- the fine pattern of the mold is formed corresponding to the fine structure pattern to be applied to the film surface.
- the mold When grooves are formed along two directions perpendicular to each other on the surface of the mold, the mold is arranged in the press apparatus so that one of the two directions is substantially the same as the film transport direction. It is preferable. This is because, in the case of forming orthogonal grooves in the vertical and horizontal directions of the product, which is the most common in the design of products having an orthogonal groove pattern, the ratio that can be used as a product from a molded film, that is, the product yield is the highest. This is advantageous because one direction of the orthogonal grooves is matched with the transport direction.
- the press device 10 is connected to the press cylinder 12 so that the pressure plate (upper) 14a can be moved up and down using the column 11 as a guide.
- the support column 11 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the frame (upper) 16a and the frame (lower) 16b.
- a temperature control plate (upper) 15a is attached to the lower surface of the pressure plate (upper) 14a.
- a temperature control plate (lower) 15b is attached to the upper surface of the pressure plate (lower) 14b.
- a heating unit 30 and a cooling unit 40 are connected to each temperature control plate via piping, wiring, and the like.
- die 3 is attached to the upper surface of the temperature control plate (lower) 15b, and heating and cooling control are carried out via the lower temperature control plate.
- die 3 may be attached to the lower surface of the temperature control plate (upper) 15a.
- the press cylinder 12 is connected to a hydraulic pump (not shown) and an oil tank, and the pressure plate (upper) 14a is moved up and down and the pressure is controlled by the hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic press cylinder 12 is applied, but any mechanism can be used as long as the pressure can be controlled.
- the pressure range is from 0.1 MPa to 20 MPa, and is controlled according to the molding material to be applied and the pattern shape.
- the heating unit 30 is made of aluminum alloys for the temperature control plates (upper) and (lower) 15a and 15b, controlled by an electric heater cast in the plate, copper or stainless steel piping cast in the temperature control plate, Alternatively, heating control may be performed by flowing a heating medium such as heated water into the hole processed by machining. Furthermore, the apparatus structure which combined both may be sufficient. Alternatively, the heat medium piping line may be processed directly on the mold to directly control the temperature of the mold.
- the cooling unit 40 controls cooling by flowing a coolant body such as cooled water inside copper or stainless steel pipes cast into the temperature control plates (upper) (lower) 15a and 15b or holes machined. It is preferable to do.
- a coolant body such as cooled water inside copper or stainless steel pipes cast into the temperature control plates (upper) (lower) 15a and 15b or holes machined. It is preferable to do.
- the unwinding unit 50 includes unwinding roll rotating means 51, transport rolls 52a to 52d, and a drawing buffer unit 53.
- the winding unit 60 is preferably composed of a winding roll rotating means 61, transport rolls 62a to 62c, a winding buffer section 63, a transport driving roll 64, and a film fixing section 65.
- the drawing buffer unit 53 and the take-up buffer unit 63 are composed of boxes 55 and 66 and suction / exhaust means 56 and 67 connected thereto, respectively, and give a pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the molding film inserted into the box. Thus, a certain tension is applied and the molding film is loosened and held in the box.
- the transport drive roll 64 is connected to a rotational drive means such as a motor.
- a rotational drive means such as a motor.
- the nip roll 64a is close to the transport drive roll 64 and sandwiches the film for forming, and the transport drive roll 64
- the film for forming is conveyed under a constant tension while controlling the torque.
- the film mainly composed of the thermoplastic resin applied to the present invention is preferably a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polystyrene, Polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyether resins, polyesteramide resins, polyetherester resins, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, polycarbonate resins Alternatively, it is made of a polyvinyl chloride resin or the like.
- a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polystyrene, Polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybutene, polymethyl
- thermoplastic resin is mainly formed from the selected thermoplastic resin, and it is more preferable that the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin is 50% by weight or more.
- the film applied to the present invention may be a film composed of the above-mentioned resin alone or a laminate composed of a plurality of resin layers.
- surface characteristics such as slipperiness and friction resistance, mechanical strength, and heat resistance can be imparted.
- the entire film satisfies the above-mentioned requirements, but even if the entire film does not satisfy the above-mentioned requirements, at least a layer that satisfies the above-mentioned requirements is a surface layer. If it is formed, the surface can be easily formed.
- the preferred thickness of the film applied to the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 1 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.01 mm, the thickness is not sufficient for molding, and if it exceeds 1 mm, the conveyance is generally difficult due to the rigidity of the film.
- the film has been described as a thermoplastic resin.
- the surface of a continuous base material may be coated with a molding resin.
- a photo-curing resin, a thermosetting resin, or a resin obtained by dissolving a thermoplastic resin with a solvent can be used.
- the method for producing a fine surface structure film according to the present invention includes, for example, a supply step of intermittently supplying a film to a mold having two orthogonal grooves formed on the surface, and bringing the film into contact with the mold. By pressing, a molding step for forming a shape corresponding to the shape of the mold surface on at least one surface of the film, and a release for peeling and transporting the molded film attached to the mold surface.
- the continuously moving peel line forms 15 to 75 degrees with respect to the film transport direction.
- the die 3 has a structure having two orthogonal grooves as shown in FIG. 2, and the pressing device is arranged so that the two grooves coincide with the film conveying direction (arrows A and B) and the film width direction in advance. 10 is arranged inside.
- the film 2 is set in the unwinding unit 50, the unwinding part of the molding film 2 is pulled out, passed through the guide roll, along the surface of the mold in the press device, and further, via the mold release supply device
- the winding unit 60 is in the winding state. Further, the heating unit is operated to raise both the temperature control plate (upper) 15a and the temperature control plate (lower) 15b to the molding temperature.
- the following (A) to (C) are molding steps, (D) is a mold releasing step, and (E) is a supplying step.
- the pressing device 10 is operated to lower the temperature control plate (upper) 15a and press the press so that the molding film is sandwiched between the surface of the mold 3 and the temperature control plate (upper).
- Conditions such as temperature, press pressure, pressurization speed, and pressurization time depend on the material of the forming film, the transfer shape, particularly the aspect ratio of the unevenness.
- the molding temperature is set to 100 to 180 ° C.
- the press pressure is set to 1 to 10 MPa
- the molding time is set to 1 to 60 seconds
- the pressurization speed is set in the range of 0.05 MPa / s to 1 MPa / s.
- the cooling unit is operated to lower the temperature control plate (upper) 15a and the temperature control plate (lower) 15b.
- pressurization is continued during cooling.
- the cooling temperature is set so that the mold surface temperature is sufficiently cooled to release the molding film.
- the unit linear motion means 220 moves the roll unit 210 to the unwinding side (direction of arrow A) in the transport direction at a predetermined speed.
- the peeling roll 211 is rotated in the direction of arrow D by the peeling roll rotating means to peel the film 2 from the mold 3.
- the peeling roll may be held so that it can freely rotate, and tension may be applied to the film with a transport drive roll. While the film is peeled off at the peeling line (D), peeling proceeds along the moving direction of the peeling line, that is, along the peeling direction (arrow C).
- the angle formed by the film conveyance direction (arrow A or B) and the peeling line D is preferably in the range of 15 to 75 degrees. Furthermore, the groove shape having a deeper aspect can be peeled with the smallest force by setting the angle to 45 degrees.
- air between the roll and the film is interposed by the air blowing holes and the porous material formed on the surface of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll so that the peeling roll or the auxiliary roll and the film are not in contact with each other. It may be conveyed. In this case, it is preferable that scratches caused by friction between the film and the surfaces of both rolls in the mold release process are eliminated or suppressed.
- the unit linear movement means 219 By moving the unit linear movement means 219 by a predetermined length on the downstream side in the conveyance direction (arrow B), the next film forming portion is moved to the gold while maintaining a predetermined distance between the forming surfaces. Supply to the mold surface. In order to maintain a predetermined interval, a certain amount of rewinding may be performed after supply.
- the molding process of the above form shows an example of a method using the softening property of the resin by heating, but is not limited to the above method, for example, a molding method using a photo-curing resin or heat A molding method using a cured resin can also be applied.
- the above-mentioned series of surface microstructure film molding, mold release, and supply processes enable smooth mold release even if the surface microstructure has grooves perpendicular to the film conveyance direction and the width direction.
- the resin is not left behind.
- defects in the manufactured film surface microstructure and defects in appearance can be reduced, and the life of the mold can be extended.
- the peeling speed can be increased, so that the productivity can be improved by shortening the tact time.
- Example 1 (Example of the first embodiment)
- Mold The following molds were produced and used. Mold size: 200 mm (film width direction) ⁇ 400 mm (film transport direction) ⁇ 20 mm (thickness). Mold material: Copper.
- Microstructure Grooves in two directions (film transport direction and film width direction) perpendicular to the mold surface are formed. The cross-sectional shape of the groove has a depth of 20 ⁇ m, a width of 20 ⁇ m, and is formed at a pitch of 200 ⁇ m.
- (2) Press device This mechanism is pressurized by a hydraulic pump. Inside the press device, two temperature control plates made of aluminum alloy and having a size of 700 mm (film width direction) x 1000 mm (film running direction) are attached. Connected to the cooling device. The mold is attached to the lower temperature control plate.
- the heating device is a heat medium circulating device, and the heat medium is Barrel Therm # 400 (manufactured by Matsumura Oil Co., Ltd.), and the one heated to 150 ° C. is flowed at a flow rate of 100 L / min.
- a cooling device is a cooling water circulation device, and flows the water cooled at 20 degreeC with the flow volume of 150 L / min.
- the mold release supply apparatus which combined the peeling roll and the auxiliary
- the peeling roll has an outer diameter of 150 mm, the surface is covered with a fluororesin, and is connected to a servo motor.
- the auxiliary roll has an outer diameter of 50 mm, a surface covered with a fluororesin, and is rotatably attached. The distance (clearance) between the peeling roll and the mold surface was 0.5 mm.
- a linear motion servo motor was used as a linear motion drive source for reciprocating the unit of the peeling roll and auxiliary roll on the mold surface.
- the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll were installed so that the axis of each roll and the film conveying direction form an angle of 15 degrees.
- the linear motion servo motor is driven while rotating the peeling roll forward so that the peripheral speed becomes 5 m / min.
- the film is released from the mold while the peeling roll moves to the unwinding side.
- the film fixing part on the unwinding side in the conveying direction is opened, and while holding the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll so as not to rotate, the linear servo motor is driven to 20 m /
- the unit of peeling roll and auxiliary roll is moved to the winding side at a speed of minutes, and the film to be molded next is supplied to the surface of the mold.
- Example 2 (1) Mold: Same as Example 1 (2) Press device: Same as Example 1 (3) Release supply device: The same configuration as in Example 1 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was set to 45 degrees with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 1 (5) Operation method: Same as Example 1 except that the peripheral speed of the peeling roll at peeling is 20 m / min. (6) Result: The above operation was repeated 10 times to produce a molded film. As a result of visual evaluation of the molding surface, a uniform molding surface with no peeling marks on the appearance was obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 (1) Mold: Same as Example 1 (2) Press device: Same as Example 1 (3) Release supply device: The same configuration as in Example 1 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was 90 degrees with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 1 (5) Operation method: same as Example 1 (6) Result: The above operation was performed to try to form a molded film, but the film was broken during peeling, and a molded film could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 2 (1) Mold: Same as Example 1 (2) Press device: Same as Example 1 (3) Release supply device: The same configuration as in Example 1 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was set to 80 degrees with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 1 (5) Operation method: same as Example 1 (6) Result: The above operation was repeated 10 times to produce a molded film. As a result of visual evaluation of the molding surface, peeling marks were generated in appearance on all molding surfaces, and the resin remained in the mold groove.
- the mold release supply device 20 includes a roll unit 410 that holds the film with two rolls, and reciprocates the roll unit 410 in the vicinity of the surface of the mold 3 in parallel with the mold surface. It is comprised from the unit linear motion means 420 to move.
- the roll unit 410 in which the peeling roll 411 and the auxiliary roll 412 are arranged in parallel is connected to the unit linear motion means 420 via the support plate 430, and the axis (one-dot chain line S) of the peeling roll 411 is the mold surface.
- an angle ⁇ formed with the transport direction (arrow A) is in the range of 15 to 75 degrees.
- the unit linear motion means 420 is comprised so that the roll unit 410 can reciprocate along the peeling direction (arrow C) orthogonal to an axial center (dashed-dotted line S).
- the auxiliary roll 412 is connected to the arm support plate 430 so as to bias the film near the outer surface of the peeling roll so that the film is hugged to a part of the outer surface of the peeling roll 411 when the film is passed between both rolls. Is done.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the axis (one-dot chain line S) of the peeling roll 411 and the auxiliary roll 412 and the film transport direction (arrow A or B) is in the range of 15 to 75 degrees. It becomes.
- the separation line D the boundary line where the mold and the film peel
- the peel line D shown in FIG. 8 and the groove direction form an angle of 15 to 75 degrees.
- the axis (one-dot chain line S) of the two roll units 410 is approximately 45 degrees with respect to the transport direction of the film 2. Since it can be peeled off with the smallest force, it is possible to suppress the tearing of the resin at the time of mold release and the resin remaining in the mold.
- the rotation driving means 415 is connected to one end portion.
- it is configured to be able to operate at a designated rotational speed in either the forward rotation or the reverse rotation according to a command from a host controller (not shown).
- a host controller not shown.
- a configuration in which a servo motor is combined as the rotation driving means and a servo amplifier is combined as the rotation controller is preferable.
- the auxiliary roll 412 is also attached at both ends so that the auxiliary roll 412 can freely rotate around the roll axis (one-dot chain line S), and the attachment positions of both ends depend on the inclination ⁇ of the roll axis from the transport direction. Deviation in the transport direction.
- the unit linear motion means 420 is connected to a linear drive means 421 such as a linear drive motor, a ball screw 425 for moving and guiding the roll unit 410, and a linear motion guide 423.
- the linear motion guide 423 is installed so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction orthogonal to the axis (one-dot chain line S) of each roll constituting the roll unit 410.
- the linear drive means 421 and the rotational drive means 415 are suitable for obtaining smooth operation because it is preferable to synchronize their operations.
- an electromagnetic actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or the like may be used.
- the linear motion of the roll unit can be obtained only by the frictional force and the film tension, so that the linear movement
- the driving unit 421 may be omitted.
- tension is applied to the film in the conveyance direction more than the auxiliary roll 412. It is preferable to apply it to a nip roll or the like connected to a drive of a motor or the like from the take-off side.
- the linear movement of the roll unit is performed by the linear drive means 421 described above.
- the peeling roll 411 and the auxiliary roll 412 are rotatably held, and a mechanism for forcibly driving the both rolls along the mold surface is provided. It is preferable that the auxiliary roll is installed on the winding side in the film conveyance direction.
- the tension applying mechanism may have a structure in which the transport driving roll 64 is connected to a rotation driving means such as a motor (not shown).
- the unit linear movement means is driven while rotating the peeling roll 411, and the roll unit 410 is directed in the direction perpendicular to the roll axis toward the unwinding side (arrow A) in the transport direction. Move to.
- the thickness is preferably 1 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
- the peeling roll 411 and the surface of the mold may be in contact with each other when the film 2 is peeled off.
- an elastic member such as an air cylinder or a spring in the vicinity of both ends of the peeling roll 411 in the film width direction so that the force pressing the mold surface of the peeling roll 411 can be controlled. . Smooth peeling can be obtained by contacting or pressing the mold surface.
- the film contact portions of the peeling roll 411 and the auxiliary roll 412 can be supplied while contacting or pressing the film on the mold surface so that the fine pattern shape on the mold surface is not damaged.
- a material of the surface of the peeling roll 411 or the auxiliary roll 412 As a material of the surface of the peeling roll 411 or the auxiliary roll 412, a material having a low friction coefficient is preferable in order to prevent wrinkles from entering the film on the roll surface, and a resin or metal containing a fluororesin is preferable. Moreover, it is good also to give the surface treatment which reduces a friction coefficient to the surface of these resin and metal.
- the surface treatment for reducing the coefficient of friction there is a coating (film formation) of diamond-like carbon or fluorine resin.
- diamond-like carbon is a general term for carbon-based thin films with high hardness and surface smoothness similar to diamond, and can be coated (deposited) by ion plating, plasma CVD, etc. is there.
- the unit linearly moving means 420 moves the roll unit 410 to the unwinding side in the transport direction, and the peeling direction perpendicular to the roll axis (dashed line S) ( Move to arrow C) at a predetermined speed.
- the peeling roll 411 is rotated in the direction of arrow D by the peeling roll rotating means to peel the film 2 from the mold 3.
- the peeling roll may be held so that it can freely rotate, and tension may be applied to the film with the transport drive roll.
- the film advances along the moving direction of the peeling line, that is, the peeling direction (arrow C) while being peeled off at the peeling line (D).
- the angle formed by the film transport direction (arrow A or B) and the peeling line D is preferably in the range of 15 to 75 degrees. Further, for a deeper and deeper groove shape, peeling can be performed with the smallest force by setting the angle to 45 degrees.
- FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c). Supply to mold.
- the film is moved to the winding side by a predetermined length. Send it out.
- the peeling roll 411 may be held so as to be freely rotatable, and may be conveyed by a predetermined length by a tension applying means arranged on the winding side.
- the above-described series of surface fine structure film forming / releasing / feeding steps smoothly release even if the surface fine structure has grooves perpendicular to the film conveying direction and the width direction. And the resin does not remain inside the mold. As a result, defects in the manufactured film surface microstructure and defects in appearance can be reduced, and the life of the mold can be extended. In addition, even if the peeling can be performed by the conventional method, the peeling speed can be increased, so that the productivity can be improved by shortening the tact time.
- Example 3 (1) Mold: same as Example 1 of the first embodiment (2) Press device: same as Example 1 of the first embodiment
- the mold release supply apparatus which combined the peeling roll and the auxiliary
- the peeling roll has an outer diameter of 150 mm, the surface is covered with a fluororesin, and is connected to a servo motor.
- the auxiliary roll has an outer diameter of 50 mm, a surface covered with a fluororesin, and is rotatably attached. The distance (clearance) between the peeling roll and the mold surface was 0.5 mm.
- a linear motion servo motor was used as a linear motion drive source for reciprocating the roll unit of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll on the mold surface in the direction perpendicular to the roll axis.
- the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll were installed so that the axis of each roll and the film conveying direction form an angle of 15 degrees.
- Example 1 of the first embodiment made of polyethylene terephthalate, having a thickness of 188 ⁇ m and a width of 250 mm.
- the film is fed out and wound up by an unwinding and winding device installed opposite to each other with a press device interposed therebetween.
- the linear servo motor is driven to move the peeling roll and auxiliary roll unit to the winding side at a speed of 20 m / min, and then molding is performed. Supply film to mold surface.
- Example 4 (1) Mold: Same as Example 3 (2) Press device: Same as Example 3 (3) Mold supply device: The same configuration as in Example 3 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was set to 45 degrees with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 3 (5) Operation method: Same as Example 3 except that the peripheral speed of the peeling roll at the time of peeling is 20 m / min. (6) Result: The above operation was repeated 10 times to produce a molded film. As a result of visual evaluation of the molding surface, a uniform molding surface with no peeling marks on the appearance was obtained.
- Example 3 Comparative Example 3 (1) Mold: Same as Example 3 (2) Press device: Same as Example 3 (3) Mold supply device: The same configuration as in Example 3 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was 90 degrees (film width direction) with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 3 (5) Operation method: same as Example 3 (6) Result: The above operation was performed to create a molded film. However, the film was broken during peeling, and a molded film could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 4 (1) Mold: Same as Example 3 (2) Press device: Same as Example 3 (3) Mold supply device: The same configuration as in Example 3 was used except that the axis of the peeling roll and the auxiliary roll was set to 80 degrees with respect to the film conveyance direction. (4) Film: same as Example 3 (5) Operation method: same as Example 3 (6) Result: The above operation was repeated 10 times to produce a molded film. As a result of visual evaluation of the molding surface, peeling marks were generated in appearance on all molding surfaces, and the resin remained in the mold groove.
- the present invention is applicable to all fields in which a desired fine uneven structure is required to be formed on the surface of a film supplied intermittently.
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Abstract
Description
供給されてきたフィルムを前記金型の表面に押圧することにより該フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に金型の表面形状に対応する形状を転写する表面成形工程と、
前記表面成形工程で金型に貼り付いたフィルムを金型から剥離する離型工程と、を少なくとも含む微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造方法であって、
前記離型工程において、前記金型からのフィルムの剥離を、剥離開始部が線状に延びる剥離線を形成し該剥離線をフィルムの搬送方向上流側に向けて連続的に移動させるように行うとともに、該連続的に移動する剥離線のフィルムの搬送方向に対する角度を15度~75度の範囲内とすることを特徴とする方法からなる。本発明においては、金型の表面に形成される溝としては、前述の如きフィルムの剥離時の不具合解消の目的の面から、フィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝は必須の溝とするが、該溝と交差する方向に延びる溝は、必ずしも上記溝と直交している必要はない。また、フィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝に関しては、必ずしも直線状に延びている必要はなく、多少波打ちながらフィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びていてもよい。すなわち、このような形態のものも本発明の範囲内に含まれる。
該金型に対しフィルムを間欠的に供給する供給手段と、
供給されてきたフィルムを前記金型の表面に押圧することにより該フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に金型の表面形状に対応する形状を転写するプレス成形手段と、
該金型の表面に押圧され金型に貼り付いたフィルムを金型から剥離する離型手段と、を少なくとも含む微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造装置において、
前記離型手段が、金型上のフィルムに対し転動しながら該フィルムを金型から剥離する剥離ロールと、該剥離ロールと平行に配された補助ロールと、フィルムを前記剥離ロールに抱きつかせる位置に前記補助ロールを保持する補助ロール保持手段と、前記剥離ロールにフィルムを抱きつかせた状態における前記両ロールの相対位置関係を保持したまま両ロールを金型の表面と平行に連続的に移動させるロール移動手段とを備えており、かつ、前記両ロールの軸心の方向のフィルムの搬送方向に対する角度が15度~75度の範囲内に設定されていることを特徴とするものからなる。この装置においても、金型の溝の方向に関する概念は上述したとおりである。
本発明の微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造装置は、金型と、該金型の表面にフィルムを押圧するプレス装置と、該金型の表面のフィルムを剥離するとともに、次に成形するフィルムを金型の表面に供給するための離型供給装置と、フィルムを搬送するための搬送装置と、を少なくとも含む表面微細構造フィルムの製造装置であり、前記離型供給装置が、例えば、フィルムを剥離するための剥離ロールと、フィルムのパスラインを挟んで該剥離ロールと平行に配された補助ロールと、フィルムを該剥離ロールに抱きつかせるように該補助ロールを保持する補助ロール保持手段(例えば、フィルムを該剥離ロールに抱きつかせるように該補助ロールを付勢する補助ロール付勢手段)と、フィルムを該剥離ロールに抱きつかせる相対位置関係を保持したまま、前記両ロールを該金型の表面と平行に移動させるロールユニット平行移動手段、を少なくとも備えており、さらに、前記両ロールの軸心が、フィルムの搬送方向に対して15度~75度をなすように配置されている。
離型供給装置20は、2本のロールでフィルム2を抱きつかせるように把持するロールユニット210と、ロールユニット210をフィルムの搬送方向に往復移動させるユニット直動手段220から構成される。剥離ロール211と補助ロール212が平行に配されたロールユニット210は、支持板230を介してユニット直動手段220に連結されており、剥離ロール211の表面の一部にフィルムを抱きつかせた状態で、金型表面付近を該表面に平行に搬送方向(矢印A、B)に沿って移動させることができる。補助ロール212は、両ロールの間にフィルムを通した時に、剥離ロール211に外表面の一部にフィルムが抱きつくように剥離ロール外表面近傍に付勢するようにアーム支持板230に接続される。
プレス装置10は、加圧プレート(上)14aが支柱11をガイドにして昇降移動できるように、プレスシリンダー12に連結されている。支柱11はフレーム(上)16aとフレーム(下)16bに挟まれるように配設されている。加圧プレート(上)14aの下面には温調プレート(上)15aが取り付けられている。一方、加圧プレート(下)14bの上面には温調プレート(下)15bが取り付けられている。各温調プレートには、それぞれ、加熱ユニット30、冷却ユニット40が配管、配線等を介して接続されている。そして、金型3は温調プレート(下)15bの上側表面に取り付けられて、下側温調プレートを介して、加熱、冷却制御される。なお、金型3は温調プレート(上)15aの下面に取り付けられてもよい。
本発明の微細表面構造フィルムの製造方法は、例えば、直交する2方向の溝が表面に形成された金型に、間欠的にフィルムを供給する供給工程と、該金型に該フィルムを接触させ押圧することにより、該フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に該金型表面の形状に対応する形状を成形する成形工程と、該金型表面に貼り付いた成形後の該フィルムを剥離して搬送する離型工程と、を少なくとも含む表面微細構造フィルムの製造方法であって、成形工程でフィルム表面に転写された前記溝の互いに直交する2方向が、フィルムの搬送方向と幅方向と略同一であり、前記離型工程において、連続的に移動する剥離線が、フィルムの搬送方向に対して15度~75度をなすものである。
実施例1
(1)金型:
以下のとおりの金型を製作し使用した。
金型サイズ:200mm(フィルム幅方向)×400mm(フィルム搬送方向)×20mm(厚み)。
金型材質:銅。
微細構造:金型表面に直交する2方向(フィルム搬送方向とフィルム幅方向)の溝が形成されている。溝の断面形状は、深さが20μm、幅が20μmであり、200μmピッチで形成されている。
油圧ポンプで加圧される機構で、プレス装置内にはアルミ合金製でサイズが700mm(フィルム幅方向)×1000mm(フィルム走行方向)の温調プレートが上下に2枚取り付けられ、それぞれ、加熱装置、冷却装置に連結されている。なお、金型は下側の温調プレートに取り付けられている。加熱装置は熱媒循環装置で、熱媒はバーレルサーム#400(松村石油株式会社製)を使用し、150℃に加熱したものを100L/minの流量で流す。また、冷却装置は冷却水循環装置であり、20℃に冷却された水を150L/minの流量で流すものである。
図3、4に示したものと同じ構成で剥離ロールと補助ロールを組み合わせた離型供給装置を使用した。剥離ロールは外径が150mmで表面がフッ素樹脂に覆われて、サーボモーターに連結している。補助ロールは外径が50mmで表面がフッ素樹脂に覆われて、回転自在に取り付けられている。また、剥離ロールと金型表面との距離(クリアランス)は0.5mmであった。また、剥離ロールと補助ロールのユニットを金型表面で往復移動させる直動駆動源として直動用サーボモーターを用いた。剥離ロールと補助ロールを、各ロールの軸心とフィルム搬送方向が15度の角度をなすように設置した。
ポリエチレンテレフタレートからなり、厚みが188μm、幅は250mmである。該フィルムはプレス装置を挟んで対向に設置した巻出、巻取装置によって、送り出され巻き取られる。
上記の装置を用い、以下のように間欠的に成形を行った。あらかじめ、フィルムを巻出装置から巻取装置までプレス装置を経由して通しておく。次に、温調プレートが上下ともに120℃となるまで加熱した後、上側プレートを下降させて、フィルムのプレスを開始する。プレスは金型表面で5MPa、30秒で実施した。その後、プレスを継続したまま、温調プレートを上下ともに冷却する。各温調プレートが70℃になったときに冷却を停止する。上下ともに冷却が完了すれば、プレスを開放する。上側プレートを上限まで上昇させ、離型装置を駆動する。
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、外観上剥離跡の無い全面均一な成形面を得た。但し、剥離速度を10m/分まで増速した場合、剥離跡が発生した。
(1)金型:実施例1と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例1と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と45度とする以外は実施例1と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例1と同じ
(5)動作方法:剥離時の剥離ロールの周速を20m/分とする以外は実施例1と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、外観上剥離跡の無い全面均一な成形面を得た。
(1)金型:実施例1と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例1と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と90度とする以外は実施例1と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例1と同じ
(5)動作方法:実施例1と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を行い、成形フィルムの作成を試みたが、剥離の途中でフィルムが破断し、成形フィルムを得ることができなかった。
(1)金型:実施例1と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例1と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と80度とする以外は実施例1と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例1と同じ
(5)動作方法:実施例1と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、すべての成形面で外観上剥離跡が発生し、金型の溝内に樹脂が残存した。
図7に示すように、離型供給装置20は、2本のロールでフィルムを抱きつかせるように把持するロールユニット410と、ロールユニット410を金型3の表面付近で金型表面に平行に往復移動させるユニット直動手段420から構成される。剥離ロール411と補助ロール412が平行に配されたロールユニット410は、支持板430を介してユニット直動手段420に連結されており、剥離ロール411の軸心(一点鎖線S)が金型表面と平行に、かつ、搬送方向(矢印A)とのなす角度θが15度~75度の範囲となるように配置される。そして、ロールユニット410が軸心(一点鎖線S)と直交する剥離方向(矢印C)に沿って往復移動できるようにユニット直動手段420を構成する。また、補助ロール412は、両ロールの間にフィルムを通した時に、剥離ロール411の外表面の一部にフィルムが抱きつくように剥離ロール外表面近傍に付勢するようにアーム支持板430に接続される。
実施例3
(1)金型:第1実施態様の実施例1と同じ
(2)プレス装置:第1実施態様の実施例1と同じ
図7、8に示したものと同じ構成で剥離ロールと補助ロールを組み合わせた離型供給装置を使用した。剥離ロールは外径が150mmで表面がフッ素樹脂に覆われて、サーボモーターに連結している。補助ロールは外径が50mmで表面がフッ素樹脂に覆われて、回転自在に取り付けられている。また、剥離ロールと金型表面との距離(クリアランス)は0.5mmであった。また、剥離ロールと補助ロールのロールユニットを金型表面で、ロール軸心と直交する方向に往復移動させる直動駆動源として直動用サーボモーターを用いた。剥離ロールと補助ロールを、各ロールの軸心とフィルム搬送方向が15度の角度をなすように設置した。
ポリエチレンテレフタレートからなり、厚みが188μm、幅は250mmである。該フィルムはプレス装置を挟んで対向に設置した巻出、巻取装置によって、送り出され巻き取られる。
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、外観上剥離跡の無い全面均一な成形面を得た。但し、剥離速度を10m/分まで増速した場合、剥離跡が発生した。
(1)金型:実施例3と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例3と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と45度とする以外は実施例3と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例3と同じ
(5)動作方法:剥離時の剥離ロールの周速を20m/分とする以外は実施例3と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、外観上剥離跡の無い全面均一な成形面を得た。
(1)金型:実施例3と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例3と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と90度(フィルム幅方向)とする以外は実施例3と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例3と同じ
(5)動作方法:実施例3と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を行い、成形フィルムを作成を試みたが、剥離の途中でフィルムが破断し、成形フィルムを得ることができなかった。
(1)金型:実施例3と同じ
(2)プレス装置:実施例3と同じ
(3)離型供給装置:
剥離ロールと補助ロールの軸心をフィルム搬送方向と80度とする以外は実施例3と同じ構成を用いた。
(4)フィルム:実施例3と同じ
(5)動作方法:実施例3と同じ
(6)結果:
上記の動作を10回繰り返し、成形フィルムを作成した。成形面を目視で評価した結果、すべての成形面で外観上剥離跡が発生し、金型の溝内に樹脂が残存した。
2:フィルム
3:金型
10:プレス装置
20:離型供給装置
30:ヒーターユニット
40:冷却ユニット
50:巻出ユニット
60:巻取ユニット
210,410:ロールユニット
211,411:剥離ロール
212,412:補助ロール
220,420:ユニット直動手段
221,421:直進駆動手段
311、312:溝
A:搬送方向(巻き出し側)
B:搬送方向(巻き取り側)
C:剥離方向
D:剥離線
Claims (15)
- フィルムを、表面に少なくともフィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝と該溝と交差する方向に延びる溝とが形成された金型に間欠的に供給する供給工程と、
供給されてきたフィルムを前記金型の表面に押圧することにより該フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に金型の表面形状に対応する形状を転写する表面成形工程と、
前記表面成形工程で金型に貼り付いたフィルムを金型から剥離する離型工程と、を少なくとも含む微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造方法において、
前記離型工程において、前記金型からのフィルムの剥離を、剥離開始部が線状に延びる剥離線を形成し該剥離線をフィルムの搬送方向上流側に向けて連続的に移動させるように行うとともに、該連続的に移動する剥離線のフィルムの搬送方向に対する角度を15度~75度の範囲内とすることを特徴とする、微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造方法。 - 前記金型の表面に形成された溝が、前記フィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝とフィルムの搬送方向に延びる溝との互いに直交する2方向の溝を含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記剥離線が、フィルムの搬送方向に対して45度をなすことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記離型工程は、フィルムを金型から剥離する剥離ロールと、剥離ロールと平行に配された補助ロールとにフィルムを抱きつかせた状態で、両ロールを回転させながら、両ロールを金型の表面と平行に移動させることにより、金型表面からフィルムを剥離することを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記両ロールを金型の表面と平行にフィルム搬送方向下流側から上流側に向けて移動させることにより、金型表面からフィルムを剥離し、かつ、前記両ロールの軸心が、前記剥離線と平行であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記両ロールと前記フィルムとはエアー層の介在により非接触状態に保たれることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記両ロールの金型に対する移動方向を、前記剥離線と垂直の方向にすることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 表面に少なくともフィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝と該溝と交差する方向に延びる溝とが形成された金型と、
該金型に対しフィルムを間欠的に供給する供給手段と、
供給されてきたフィルムを前記金型の表面に押圧することにより該フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に金型の表面形状に対応する形状を転写するプレス成形手段と、
該金型の表面に押圧され金型に貼り付いたフィルムを金型から剥離する離型手段と、を少なくとも含む微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造装置において、
前記離型手段が、金型上のフィルムに対し転動しながら該フィルムを金型から剥離する剥離ロールと、該剥離ロールと平行に配された補助ロールと、フィルムを前記剥離ロールに抱きつかせる位置に前記補助ロールを保持する補助ロール保持手段と、前記剥離ロールにフィルムを抱きつかせた状態における前記両ロールの相対位置関係を保持したまま両ロールを金型の表面と平行に連続的に移動させるロール移動手段とを備えており、かつ、前記両ロールの軸心の方向のフィルムの搬送方向に対する角度が15度~75度の範囲内に設定されていることを特徴とする、微細表面構造を有するフィルムの製造装置。 - 前記金型の表面に形成された溝が、前記フィルムの搬送方向と直交する方向に延びる溝とフィルムの搬送方向に延びる溝との互いに直交する2方向の溝を含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記両ロールの軸心の方向が、フィルムの搬送方向に対して45度をなすように設定されていることを特徴とする、請求項8または9に記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記ロール移動手段による前記両ロールの移動方向がフィルムの搬送方向上流側に向かう方向に設定されていることを特徴とする、請求項8~10のいずれかに記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記両ロールは表面からエアー吹き出し可能に構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記両ロールの外表面が多孔質体から形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記ロール移動手段による前記両ロールの移動方向が前記両ロールの軸心の方向と垂直の方向に設定されていることを特徴とする、請求項8~10のいずれかに記載のフィルムの製造装置。
- 前記両ロールは回転自在に構成されており、前記ロール移動手段は前記金型の表面と平行にフィルムの搬送方向上流側に向かう方向に強制的に直進駆動する機構を含み、フィルムに張力を付与する張力付与機構が、前記補助ロールよりもフィルム搬送方向下流側に設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項8~14のいずれかに記載のフィルムの製造装置。
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