WO2011142400A1 - 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体、その製造方法、オレフィン類の重合触媒及びポリオレフィン類の製造方法 - Google Patents
固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体、その製造方法、オレフィン類の重合触媒及びポリオレフィン類の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011142400A1 WO2011142400A1 PCT/JP2011/060889 JP2011060889W WO2011142400A1 WO 2011142400 A1 WO2011142400 A1 WO 2011142400A1 JP 2011060889 W JP2011060889 W JP 2011060889W WO 2011142400 A1 WO2011142400 A1 WO 2011142400A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polymethylaluminoxane
- group
- trimethylaluminum
- complex
- solid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
- C08F4/65925—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually non-bridged
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex used for the polymerization of olefins and a method for producing the same, a polymerization catalyst using the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex as a catalyst component, and a method for producing a polyolefin. is there.
- a solution-like polyaluminoxane composition is a condensation product generally prepared by partial hydrolysis reaction of an organoaluminum compound, and a co-catalyst that efficiently activates a transition metal compound as a main catalyst in the production of an olefin polymer. It is known to be useful as an ingredient. It is widely known that a polymethylaluminoxane composition using trimethylaluminum as a raw material organoaluminum compound exhibits particularly excellent promoter performance, and this composition is usually dissolved in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene. Handled in solution.
- the polymethylaluminoxane composition exhibits excellent promoter performance, but usually the main catalyst such as a metallocene compound and the polymethylaluminoxane composition are handled in a state dissolved in a solvent, so that the morphology control of the polymer to be produced cannot be performed. For this reason, not only does the handling of the polymer become difficult, but fouling due to the adhesion of the polymer to the polymerization reactor or the like is very likely to occur. Therefore, it is difficult to use it as it is for slurry polymerization and gas phase polymerization.
- the main catalyst such as a metallocene compound and the polymethylaluminoxane composition
- a supported solid polymethylaluminoxane composition in which a polymethylaluminoxane composition is supported on a solid inorganic carrier such as silica, silica alumina, or magnesium chloride is applied to suspension polymerization or gas phase polymerization.
- a solid inorganic carrier such as silica, silica alumina, or magnesium chloride
- the solid inorganic carrier such as silica is likely to remain in the polymer and cause deterioration of the polymer performance such as causing fish eyes. It is also known that a solid polymethylaluminoxane composition using a carrier as described above exhibits a significant decrease in activity when compared with the polymerization activity in homogeneous polymerization. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the highly active supported solid polymethylaluminoxane composition is used to reduce the adverse effect on the polymer of the carrier while maintaining the merit that the polymethylaluminoxane composition of the cocatalyst is in a solid state. Development of was desired.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 The entire description of Patent Documents 1 to 5 is specifically incorporated herein by reference.
- the supported solid polymethylaluminoxane composition prepared using a solid carrier such as silica generally has a significantly higher polymerization activity than the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition. There is a problem that it is low. In addition, there is a problem that the compounds that can be used as the solid carrier are limited.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is a solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex using a solid carrier such as silica, which exhibits a higher polymerization activity than that obtained by a conventional formulation.
- the object is to provide a carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex. Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, a homogeneous solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex can be provided even if it is difficult to use as a solid support.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a high-quality olefin polymer efficiently and inexpensively using the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex and the transition metal compound. Is one of the challenges.
- a solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex having a coating layer containing polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum on at least a part or the entire surface of the solid support.
- the coating layer contains polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum containing a unit represented by the following general formula (I): (i) the aluminum content is in the range of 36% to 41% by weight, and (ii) The mole fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum sites relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups is 12 mol% or less,
- n an integer of 10 to 50.
- the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex according to any one of [1] to [2], wherein the complex has a specific surface area in the range of 10 to 100 m 2 / mmol-Al.
- the solid carrier is silica, alumina, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, titania, zirconia, activated carbon, zeolite, carbon nanotube, polystyrene beads, and a composite thereof. Solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 50.
- the said manufacturing method whose solution-form polymethylaluminoxane composition is 20 mol% or less of the molar fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum site
- R 1- (COOH) n (II) (Wherein R 1 represents a C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl group, alkenyl group, or aryl hydrocarbon group, and n represents an integer of 1-5.)
- the reaction between the trimethylaluminum and the oxygen-containing organic compound is carried out in such a way that the molar ratio (Al / O) of the aluminum atom in the trimethylaluminum to the oxygen atom in the oxygen-containing compound is in the range of 1.15 to 1.4: 1.
- the production method according to [9] or [10] which is performed as follows.
- a polymerization catalyst for olefins containing, as catalyst components, the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex according to any one of [1] to [5] and a transition metal compound represented by the following general formula (III).
- M represents a transition metal element
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 together represent an organic group having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, and an alkylsilyl group.
- a solid carrier that has been difficult to use can be used, and a solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex can be obtained very simply and with a high yield.
- the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention is used for polymerization as a cocatalyst, high polymerization activity is exhibited.
- 1 is a 1 H-NMR chart of a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition obtained according to the present invention.
- 2 shows the particle size distribution evaluation results of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 1 using Mastersizer 2000 Hydro S.
- 2 shows an SEM photograph (magnification 1000 times) of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 1.
- FIG. Evaluation of particle size distribution of solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 4 using Mastersizer 2000 Hydro S 3 shows an SEM photograph (magnification 5000 times) of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 4.
- Example 5 Evaluation of particle size distribution of solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 5 using Mastersizer 2000 Hydro S 2 shows an SEM photograph (magnification 5000 times) of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex dried in Example 5.
- FIG. Used in Example illustrates the polymethylaluminoxane SEM photograph of the composition SiO 2 before the formation of the coating layer (Fuji Silysia SiO 2, P-10) (magnification 300 times).
- Solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex The solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention is a complex having a coating layer containing polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum on at least a part or the entire surface of the solid carrier.
- the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention has a coating layer containing polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum.
- the coexistence state of polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum in the coating layer is not always clear.
- the coating layer is, for example, (i) the aluminum content is in the range of 36% to 41% by weight, and (ii) The mole fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum sites relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups is 12 mol% or less, It preferably consists of a solid polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- the polymethylaluminoxane can contain, for example, a unit represented by the following general formula (I). -[(Me) AlO] n- (I) (In the formula, n represents an integer of 10 to 50.)
- n is a single polymethylaluminoxane (n is a specific integer) within the above range or a plurality of polymethylaluminoxanes (a plurality of integers where n is different). Means containing methylaluminoxane.
- n is an integer of 10 to 50 is that n of polymethylaluminoxane in the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used as a raw material for the coating layer of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex is 10 to 50 .
- polymethylaluminoxane chain length changes due to disproportionation between polymethylaluminoxane chains in a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition or between polymethylaluminoxane chains and trimethylaluminum.
- a disproportionation reaction between polymethylaluminoxane chains trimethylaluminum is generated, and in the case of a disproportionation reaction between a polymethylaluminoxane chain and trimethylaluminum, trimethylaluminum is consumed.
- the polymethylaluminoxane in the present invention may be a chain structure, a cyclic structure or a branched structure as long as it contains the above unit.
- the theoretical amount of aluminum content is 46.5% by mass, and the theoretical amount of aluminum content in trimethylaluminum is 37.4% by mass. That is, when the aluminum content in the coating layer of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex exceeds 46% by mass, the coating layer is composed only of polymethylaluminoxane having a substantially cyclic structure, and there is almost no trimethylaluminum. It is estimated that it does not contain impurities such as a solvent.
- the theoretical amount of aluminum content varies depending on the n number of general formula (I), but is smaller than that of a cyclic structure.
- the coating layer of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention contains polymethylaluminoxane having a linear structure and a branched structure in addition to the polymethylaluminoxane having a cyclic structure.
- the aluminum content is from 36% by mass to 41% by mass. It is appropriate to be in the range. The smaller the aluminum content, the greater the proportion of trimethylaluminum, and the greater the aluminum content, the lower the proportion of trimethylaluminum.
- the coating layer of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex has the performance of uniformity and strength that does not easily cause crushing due to cracks, etc. It is preferable because it can have.
- the aluminum content is less than 36% by mass, it indicates that the drying is insufficient and impurities such as a solvent are included excessively.
- the aluminum content exceeds 46% by mass, it is presumed to be composed of polymethylaluminoxane mainly composed of a cyclic structure, and it is shown that it contains almost no trimethylaluminum and solvent impurities.
- the composition itself is different from the polymethylaluminoxane composition. From the above viewpoint, the aluminum content is preferably in the range of 38% by mass to 41% by mass.
- the aluminum content of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition and the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex prepared in the present invention is, for example, an excess amount of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in a solution hydrolyzed with a 0.5N aqueous sulfuric acid solution. Can be obtained by back titrating with zinc sulfate using dithizone as an indicator. When the measurement concentration is dilute, the measurement can also be performed using atomic absorption spectrometry.
- the amount of the polymethylaluminoxane composition material in the coating layer is often determined by using the difference between the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex mass and the residual material amount obtained by hydrolyzing and removing the coating layer.
- the carrier is acid-soluble
- the composition analysis value can be used.
- the composition may be analyzed after dissolving the acid-insoluble solid carrier.
- the total number of moles of methyl groups in the mole fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups shown in (ii) means methyl groups derived from polymethylaluminoxane and methyl derived from trimethylaluminum.
- the total number of moles of the group, the number of moles of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum site is the number of moles of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum site, and the mole fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum site is 12 mol% It is as follows.
- a low molar fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties means that there are few methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties contained in the polymethylaluminoxane composition and there are many states of aluminum in the polymethylaluminoxane chain. .
- Solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane composite with low solvent solubility and strength that does not break particles even after drying because the molar fraction of methyl groups derived from the trimethylaluminum moiety is 12 mol% or less Become a body. Conversely, when the molar fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum site exceeds 12 mol%, the solvent solubility increases and the particles tend to be easily crushed.
- the molar fraction of methyl groups derived from the trimethylaluminum moiety is preferably 11 mol% or less.
- the lower limit of the molar fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum moiety depends on the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane that is a raw material capable of controlling the shape of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex, for example, 6 mol% And preferably 8 mol%.
- the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used in the present invention contains trimethylaluminum inherent as an unreacted raw material.
- the amount of trimethylaluminum present in the polymethylaluminoxane composition is the molar fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups derived from polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum ( (Me (TMAL)).
- the amount of polymethylaluminoxane present in the polymethylaluminoxane composition is the mole fraction of methyl groups derived from polymethylaluminoxane relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups derived from polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum. (Abbreviated as Me (PMAO)).
- the molar fraction of each component in the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition and the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex is determined by the area ratio attributed to each component by 1 H-NMR measurement of the polymethylaluminoxane composition. Can be obtained from The specific method for obtaining the molar fraction of Me (PMAO) and Me (TMAL) in the polymethylaluminoxane composition is exemplified in the examples.
- volume-based median diameter and particle size distribution of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention are described in Malvern Instrument Ltd. Can be obtained by a laser diffraction / scattering method in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. Specific methods are described in the examples.
- the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention is preferably particulate and has a specific surface area in the range of 10 to 100 m 2 / mmol-Al.
- specific surface area of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention which is in the form of particles is in the above range, in the polymerization of the olefin compound using the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex and the transition metal compound Good activity can be exhibited.
- Good activity here means that it is preferably higher than the supported solid methylaluminoxane composition obtained by the usual method using silica as the solid carrier.
- the good polymerization activity of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention is not due to the specific surface area alone but to the composition and structure other than the specific surface area of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex. It is done.
- the specific surface area is considered to affect the activation by contact between the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex and the transition metal compound including the metallocene compound as the main catalyst when used for the polymerization of the olefinic compound. That is, generally, the activation efficiency of the main catalyst is poor when the specific surface area is small, and the activation efficiency is high when the specific surface area is large.
- the range is preferably 10 to 100 m 2 / mmol-Al, more preferably 15 to 85 m 2 / mmol-Al, and still more preferably 20 to 70 m 2 / mmol-Al.
- the specific surface area of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention can be determined using the gas adsorption phenomenon on the solid surface using the BET adsorption isotherm. Specific methods are described in the examples.
- the solid carrier is not particularly limited, and according to the production method of the present invention described below, there is no limitation as long as it is a solid substance that is substantially inert to polymethylaluminoxane.
- solid substances include silica, alumina, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, titania, zirconia, activated carbon, zeolite, carbon nanotubes, polystyrene beads, and composites thereof.
- the intention is not limited to these.
- the particle size of the solid carrier is not particularly limited, but considering the ease of complexing with the metallocene compound as the main catalyst, for example, it is in the range of 100 nm to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 500 nm to 100 ⁇ m. be able to. However, the intention is not limited to these.
- the mass ratio of the solid carrier to the coating layer containing the polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum is the particle size of the solid carrier.
- a desired thickness of the coating layer can be determined as appropriate, for example, in the range of 1: 0.1 to 1: 100, and preferably in the range of 1: 0.5 to 1:50.
- the intention is not limited to these.
- the method for producing a solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon solution (solution-like polymethylaluminoxane) containing polymethylaluminoxane containing a unit represented by the following general formula (I) and trimethylaluminum.
- the above-mentioned solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention comprising a step of heat-treating a composition) with a solid carrier to form a coating layer containing polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum on the surface of the solid carrier It is a manufacturing method.
- n represents an integer of 10 to 50.
- n is a singular number within the above range (where n is a specific integer), or n is a plurality of types within the above range (a plurality of different n numbers). It is meant to include a plurality of polymethylaluminoxanes that are integers).
- n is an integer of 10 to 50 is that the degree of polymerization of aluminoxane based on the molecular weight determined from the freezing point depression in benzene is in the range of 10 to 50.
- the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used as a raw material in the production method of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by the method described in Patent Document 5.
- the method described in Patent Document 5 is a method for preparing a polymethylaluminoxane composition without hydrolyzing trimethylaluminum. Specifically, it is a method for obtaining a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition by thermally decomposing an alkylaluminum compound having an aluminum-oxygen-carbon bond.
- aromatic hydrocarbon used in the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition examples include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and the like. However, it is not limited to these examples, and any aromatic hydrocarbon can be used as a solvent for the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- the alkylaluminum compound having an aluminum-oxygen-carbon bond is preferably prepared by a reaction between trimethylaluminum and an oxygen-containing organic compound.
- the oxygen-containing organic compound is preferably an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (II).
- R 1- (COOH) n (II) (Wherein R 1 represents a C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl group, alkenyl group, or aryl hydrocarbon group, and n represents an integer of 1-5.)
- the oxygen-containing compound used for the reaction of trimethylaluminum of an alkylaluminum compound having an aluminum-oxygen-carbon bond that gives a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition by a thermal decomposition reaction with an oxygen-containing compound is, for example, a carboxyl group having a COOH group. It is an acid compound and a carboxylic anhydride. In preparing a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition, these may be used alone or in combination with a plurality of compounds.
- oxygen-containing compounds include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, orthobutyric acid, orthovaleric acid, orthocaproic acid, orthoenanthic acid, orthocaprylic acid, orthopelargonic acid, orthocapric acid, ortholauric acid, and orthomyristic acid , Orthostearic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, toluic acid, Toluic anhydride, acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, positive butyric anhydride, positive valeric anhydride, positive caproic anhydride, succinic anhydride, malonic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, benzoic acid An acid anhydride, a phthalic acid anhydride,
- acetic acid acetic anhydride
- propionic acid propionic anhydride
- benzoic acid benzoic anhydride
- phthalic acid phthalic anhydride
- toluic acid and toluic acid anhydride.
- the molar ratio (Al / O) of the aluminum atom in the trimethylaluminum used for the synthesis of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition and the oxygen atom of the oxygen-containing organic compound (Al / O) controls the molecular weight of polymethylaluminoxane and the residual amount of trimethylaluminum. Any purpose can be set.
- the ratio of the molar amount of aluminum atoms contained in trimethylaluminum to oxygen atoms in the oxygen-containing organic compound can be arbitrarily set in the range of 0.5 to 3.0: 1.
- the molar ratio is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 1.7: 1. More preferably, it is in the range of 1.15 to 1.4: 1.
- the thermal decomposition temperature of the aluminum compound having an aluminum-oxygen-carbon bond which is a precursor of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition, can be carried out at any temperature between 20 and 90 ° C. From the viewpoint of easy operability and safety of the reaction and an appropriate reaction time, it is preferably 30 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably 60 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- the thermal decomposition time of the aluminum compound having an aluminum-oxygen-carbon bond varies depending on the thermal decomposition temperature and the composition of the raw material (for example, Al / O molar ratio), but is, for example, in the range of 5 to 200 hours. If the temperature is low, it takes a long time. If the temperature is high, the thermal decomposition can be completed in a short time.
- the thermal decomposition temperature exceeds 100 ° C.
- the gel product is remarkably generated, and the recovery yield of the polymethylaluminoxane homogeneous solution is lowered.
- the thermal decomposition temperature is lower than 50 ° C., a significant reduction in productivity may be caused due to an increase in the polymethylaluminoxane formation reaction time.
- the concentration of the polymethylaluminoxane composition in the inert hydrocarbon solvent may be in the range of 6 to 40% by mass, preferably 6 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 25% by mass.
- a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition can be obtained with a quantitative reaction yield.
- the emphasis is placed on the fact that the amount of trimethylaluminum in the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition can be controlled.
- trimethylaluminum does not act as an activator for transition metal compounds such as metallocene compounds, it has been an important problem to control the amount of trimethylaluminum remaining in the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used as a raw material has a solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane composite having a mole fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups of 20 mol% or less. From the viewpoint of improving the yield of aluminum recovered as a body covering layer.
- the mole fraction of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups is preferably 15 mol% or less.
- the lower limit of the mole fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum moiety relative to the total number of moles of the methyl group is approximately 6 mol%.
- the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition prepared by the hydrolysis method has a molar fraction expressed as the number of moles of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties with respect to the total number of moles of methyl groups as 40 to 50 mol%.
- a molar fraction expressed as the number of moles of methyl groups derived from trimethylaluminum moieties with respect to the total number of moles of methyl groups as 40 to 50 mol%.
- the molar ratio of the aluminum atom contained in trimethylaluminum to the oxygen atom of the oxygen-containing organic compound was 1.15, so that the aluminoxane relative to the total number of moles of methyl groups.
- the molar fraction of the methyl group derived from the site can be 8 mol%, and the performance of the resulting solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex is good.
- the molar ratio of the aluminum atom of trimethylaluminum to the oxygen atom of the oxygen-containing organic compound is 1.10
- the molar fraction of the methyl group derived from the trimethylaluminum moiety relative to the total number of moles of the methyl group can be 5.2 mol%.
- the performance of the obtained solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex is poor.
- the content is preferably 8 mol% to 14 mol%.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon used in the method for producing the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene, xylene, chlorobenzene, Examples include chlorobenzene.
- Heat treatment (i) heating temperature in the range of 80 ° C to 200 ° C, and (ii) From a heating time of 5 minutes to less than 24 hours, It is preferable to select a heating temperature and a heating time suitable for forming the coating layer.
- a specific aromatic hydrocarbon solution containing polymethylaluminoxane containing the unit represented by the general formula (I) and trimethylaluminum (solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition) is used at a predetermined temperature in the presence of a solid support.
- the inventors have found that when the heating is continued, a coating layer of a solid polymethylaluminoxane composition containing polymethylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminum is formed on the surface of the solid carrier.
- the predetermined temperature is in the range of 80 ° C. to 200 ° C., and the time required for the precipitation varies depending on the temperature, but is, for example, in the range of 5 minutes or more and less than 24 hours.
- particles of a solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex can be obtained in a high yield regardless of the properties of the solid carrier used.
- heating for a time exceeding this time range may be appropriate.
- the deposition of the coating layer of the solid polymethylaluminoxane composition on the surface of the solid carrier increases with time and reaches a nearly quantitative level.
- the amount of precipitate (recovery rate) varies depending on the composition of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition and the concentration of the solute in the solvent (aromatic hydrocarbon solution).
- the heating temperature may be 80 to 200 ° C, preferably 90 to 150 ° C, more preferably 100 to 130 ° C.
- the time is preferably 1 to 20 hours, more preferably 5 to 12 hours in this temperature range. However, when the temperature is low, the time required for precipitation of the solid polymethylaluminoxane composition on the surface of the solid support becomes long, and when the temperature is high, the time required for the precipitation tends to be short.
- the production method of the present invention can further include a step of washing the obtained solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex using a non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.
- Non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvents used for washing are, for example, n-pentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-decane, n-undecane, isopar E, etc. Can be mentioned.
- non-aromatic solvent used in the present invention is intended to facilitate washing and drying of the obtained solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex, the drying operation of the solid polymethylaluminoxane is easy.
- a solvent having a low boiling point specifically, n-pentane, n-hexane and cyclohexane are preferred.
- the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention may be a dispersion in a state of being dispersed in a solvent, or may be a powder obtained by removing the solvent and drying if necessary.
- a method of removing the solvent under reduced pressure or a method of flowing dried heated nitrogen can be used to dry the powder.
- the purpose is only to remove the adhering solvent to the solid. Therefore, there is no problem in using a vacuum pump.
- the present invention includes an olefin polymerization catalyst.
- the polymerization catalyst for olefins of the present invention contains the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention and a transition metal compound represented by the following general formula (III) as catalyst components.
- MR 5 R 6 R 7 R 8 (III) (In the formula, M represents a transition metal element, and R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 together represent an organic group having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, and an alkylsilyl group. A group, an alkylamide group, an alkylimide group, an alkylamino group, an alkylimino group, or a halogen atom.)
- the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention can be used as a polymerization catalyst in combination with a catalyst known as an olefin polymerization catalyst.
- a catalyst known as an olefin polymerization catalyst examples include transition metal compounds.
- Such a transition metal compound can be represented by the above general formula (III).
- M in the general formula (III) is titanium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, or palladium, and preferably titanium, zirconium, chromium, iron, nickel. .
- a preferable transition metal compound is a metallocene compound in which one or two ligands having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton are coordinated.
- ligands having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton include cyclopentadienyl, methylcyclopentadienyl, ethylcyclopentadienyl, butylcyclopentadienyl, dimethylcyclopentadienyl, and pentamethyl.
- alkyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl group such as cyclopentadienyl group, indenyl group, and fluorenyl group can be exemplified, and the cycloalkadienyl group is bridged by a divalent substituted alkylene group, a substituted silylene group or the like. Also good. *
- the ligand other than the ligand having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylsilyl group, an amino group, an imino group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom. is there.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group.
- examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
- transition metal compound containing a ligand having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton when M in the general formula (III) is zirconium are exemplified.
- M in the general formula (III) is zirconium, includes at least two or more ligands having a cycloalkadienyl skeleton, and the ligand having at least two cycloalkadienyl skeletons.
- the transition metal compound bonded via an alkylene group such as ethylene and propylene, a substituted alkylene group such as isopropylidene and diphenylmethylene, a substituted silylene group such as silylene group and dimethylsilylene, and the like are exemplified.
- transition metal compounds may be used alone in homogeneous polymerization, or two or more kinds may be used for the purpose of adjusting the molecular weight distribution. In the case of preparing a solid catalyst in advance, only one kind of these transition metal compounds may be used, or two or more kinds may be used for the purpose of adjusting the molecular weight distribution.
- This invention includes the manufacturing method of polyolefin including polymerizing olefin using the catalyst of the said invention.
- Homogeneous polymerization using the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention and polymerization using the supported catalyst prepared using the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex of the present invention are carried out by using a solvent as a polymerization mode. It exhibits suitable performance in any method such as solution polymerization using a solvent, bulk polymerization without using a solvent, or gas phase polymerization. Moreover, in any method of continuous polymerization and batch polymerization, preferable performance is exhibited, and hydrogen as a molecular weight regulator can be used as necessary.
- the monomer used for polymerization may be any compound that can be used for copolymerization of olefinic monomers alone or in combination.
- Specific examples include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-decene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene and 1-eicocene, bisfluoroethylene, trifluoroethylene , Halogen-substituted olefins such as tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene, and cyclic olefins such as cyclopentene, cyclohexene and norbornene.
- the drying of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex is usually carried out under a vacuum pump full vacuum at 40 ° C. through a seal pot containing liquid paraffin, and bubbles are generated in the seal pot.
- the end point of drying was determined by the time point not recognized.
- the aluminum content of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition and the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex is basically determined by adding an excess amount of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to a solution hydrolyzed with 0.5N aqueous sulfuric acid. After addition, it was determined by back titrating with zinc sulfate using dithizone as an indicator. When the measurement concentration was dilute, the measurement was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry.
- the specific surface area of the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex in the present invention is the amount of Al contained in the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex (mmol-Al ) Expressed by the surface area per unit. Specifically, using the BET adsorption isotherm, the specific surface area (m 2 / g) obtained using the gas adsorption phenomenon on the solid surface was converted using the following conversion formula. In the conversion formula, Y represents Al mass% in the solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex. BELSORP mini II manufactured by BEL JAPAN, INC. Was used as the measurement device, and nitrogen gas was used as the measurement gas.
- volume-based median diameter and particle size distribution of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex were measured by Mastersizer 2000 Hydro S from Malvern Instrument Ltd. Was obtained by a laser diffraction / scattering method in a dry nitrogen atmosphere.
- the dispersion medium was mainly dehydrated and degassed n-hexane, and partially dehydrated and degassed toluene depending on the purpose.
- the uniformity represented by the following formula was used as an index of the catalyst particle size distribution.
- Uniformity ⁇ Xi
- Xi is the histogram value of particle i
- d (0.5) is the volume-based median diameter
- Di is the volume-based diameter of particle i.
- 1 H-NMR measurement of a polymethylaluminoxane composition is performed using d 8 -THF as a heavy solvent.
- 1 H-NMR measurement was performed at a measurement temperature of 24 ° C. using a Gemini 2000 NMR measurement apparatus manufactured by 300 MHz Varian Technologies Japan Limited.
- An example of a 1 H-NMR chart is shown in FIG. (i) The integral value of the entire Me group peak of polymethylaluminoxane containing trimethylaluminoxane appearing at about -0.3 ppm to -1.2 ppm is obtained, and this is defined as I (polymethylaluminoxane).
- An analytical sample of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition was prepared by adding about 0.5 ml of d 8 -THF to about 0.05 ml of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- An analysis sample of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex was prepared by adding 0.5 ml of d 8 -THF to 10 mg of the solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex.
- the reaction solution was heated at 70 ° C. for 4 hours, and then heated at 60 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a toluene solution of a polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- the obtained solution was a transparent liquid without gel. From the results of aluminum analysis performed after the reaction solution was recovered, the reaction yield shown on the aluminum atom basis was quantitative. The aluminum concentration of the obtained reaction solution was 9.30 wt%.
- the Me (TMAL) content of the obtained solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 26.0 mol%.
- the solubility measurement described in the test method section cannot be performed, but the concentration in toluene obtained by calculation from the specific gravity of the solution and the aluminum concentration is about 3.1 mol / L.
- the polymethylaluminoxane that had been subjected to the concentration and solidification treatment was dissolved in benzene, and the molecular weight was determined by the freezing point depression method. As a result, it was 2430, and thus the polymerization degree n of this aluminoxane was determined to be 42.
- the produced polyethylene was filtered and dried, and the polymerization activity was determined to be 62 ⁇ 10 6 g-PE / mol-Zr ⁇ atm ⁇ hr.
- the polymer shape was irregular, and fouling of the polymerization vessel was remarkable.
- the amount of benzoic acid charged into the powder was set to 70% after heating and aging at 50 ° C with a molar ratio of oxygen atoms of TMAL to benzoic acid of 1.20.
- a solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition was synthesized in the same manner as in Preliminary Experiment 1 except that the temperature was changed to 32 hours at 0 ° C.
- the obtained solution was a transparent liquid without gel. From the results of aluminum analysis performed after the reaction solution was recovered, the reaction yield shown on the aluminum atom basis was quantitative.
- the aluminum concentration of the obtained reaction liquid was 9.04 wt%.
- the Me (TMAL) content of the obtained solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 14.0 mol%. Since the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane is in a solution state, the solubility measurement described in the test method section cannot be performed, but the concentration in toluene obtained by calculation from the specific gravity of the solution and the aluminum concentration is about 3.0 mol / L. there were.
- the supernatant was removed by decantation.
- the slurry obtained for washing was washed twice with 200 ml of n-hexane.
- the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure at room temperature to obtain a dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition.
- the precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition was 99.7% based on the aluminum atom of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used, which was almost quantitative. In the synthesis, the removal of the solid was not visually observed.
- FIG. 2 shows the obtained particle size distribution diagram. The peak of about 10 ⁇ m is due to the fine particles contained in the used SiO 2 , and the coating layer is also formed on these fine particles.
- SEM photograph 300 times magnification of SiO 2 (SiO 2 , P-10 manufactured by Fuji Silysia) before forming a coating layer of the polymethylaluminoxane composition is shown in FIG.
- the produced polyethylene was filtered and dried, and the polymerization activity was determined to be 30.2 ⁇ 10 6 g-PE / mol-Zr ⁇ atm ⁇ hr.
- the obtained polymer was in the form of free flowing fine particles and did not adhere to the reactor after polymerization.
- the molecular weight determined by high temperature GPC was 180,000, and Mw / Mn was 2.7.
- Me (TMAL) amount was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 11.4 mol%.
- the produced polyethylene was filtered and dried, and the polymerization activity was determined to be 27.3 ⁇ 10 6 g-PE / mol-Zr ⁇ atm ⁇ hr.
- the obtained polymer was in the form of free flowing fine particles and did not adhere to the reactor after polymerization.
- the molecular weight determined by high temperature GPC was 170,000, and Mw / Mn was 2.8.
- Example 3 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex (a) Preparation of TMAL-treated SiO 2 Into a 1 L flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer was charged 29.37 g of SiO 2 (SiO 2 , P-10 manufactured by Fuji Silysia) and 510 ml of hexane which were calcined at 400 ° C. for 2 hours. Under stirring, 43.72 g (TMAL 57.0 mmol) of TMAL in hexane was added thereto at room temperature, followed by heat aging at 50 ° C. After cooling to room temperature, the supernatant was removed by decantation. Furthermore, after washing with 500 ml of hexane three times, drying under reduced pressure at room temperature gave 30.8 g of dry TMAL-treated SiO 2 . The Al concentration in the obtained solid was 4.6 wt% -Al.
- Me (TMAL) amount was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 8.5 mol%.
- the produced polyethylene was filtered and dried, and the polymerization activity was determined to be 23.0 ⁇ 10 6 g-PE / mol-Zr ⁇ atm ⁇ hr.
- the obtained polymer was in the form of free flowing fine particles and did not adhere to the reactor after polymerization.
- the molecular weight determined by high temperature GPC was 160,000, and Mw / Mn was 2.6.
- Example 4 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex Example 1 except that 50 mg of carbon nanotubes (Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20-30 nm, wall thickness 1-2 nm, length 0.5-2 ⁇ m) were used instead of SiO 2 as the solid support A dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition was obtained in the same manner as described in (1). The precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition was 99.0% based on the aluminum atom of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used, which was almost quantitative. At the time of synthesis, no omission of a solid material was observed visually.
- carbon nanotubes Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20-30 nm, wall thickness 1-2 nm, length 0.5-2 ⁇ m
- Me (TMAL) amount was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 8.8 mol%.
- Example 5 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex Example 1 except that 150 mg of carbon nanotubes (Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20 to 30 nm, wall thickness 1 to 2 nm, length 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m) was used instead of SiO 2 as the solid support (1)
- a dry solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex was obtained in the same manner as described above.
- the precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition (coating layer) was almost quantitative, 99.2% based on the aluminum atom of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used. At the time of synthesis, no omission of a solid material was observed visually.
- Me (TMAL) amount was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 8.0 mol%.
- Example 6 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex Carbon nanotubes instead of SiO 2 as a solid support (Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20-30nm, wall thickness 1-2nm, length A dry solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex was obtained in the same manner as described in Example 1 (1) except that 1 g of 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m) was used. The precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition (coating layer) was almost quantitative, 99.5% based on the aluminum atom of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used. At the time of synthesis, no omission of a solid material was observed visually.
- Me (TMAL) amount was determined by 1 H-NMR and found to be 9.0 mol%.
- Example 7 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex Carbon nanotubes instead of SiO 2 as a solid support (Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20-30nm, wall thickness 1-2nm, length A dry solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) except that 5 g of 0.5-2 ⁇ m) was used. The precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition (coating layer) was almost quantitative, 99.2% based on the aluminum atom of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used. At the time of synthesis, no omission of a solid material was observed visually.
- Example 8 (1) Synthesis of solid support-polymethylaluminoxane complex Carbon nanotubes instead of SiO 2 as a solid support (Aldrich, Multi-walled, synthesized by CVD method, OD 20-30nm, wall thickness 1-2nm, length A dry solid carrier-polymethylaluminoxane complex was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) except that 10.0 g of 0.5-2 ⁇ m) was used. The precipitation rate of the dry solid polymethylaluminoxane composition (coating layer) was almost quantitative, 99.0% on the aluminum atom basis of the solution-like polymethylaluminoxane composition used. At the time of synthesis, no omission of a solid material was observed visually.
- the present invention is useful in the technical field of polyolefin production.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
固体状担体の表面の少なくとも一部または全面にポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を有する、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
[2]
前記被覆層が、以下の一般式(I)で示される単位を含むポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有し、
(i) アルミニウム含有量が36質量%から41質量%の範囲にあり、かつ
(ii) メチル基の総モル数に対するトリメチルアルミニウム部位に由来するメチル基のモル分率が12モル%以下である、
固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物からなる、[1]に記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは10~50の整数を示す。)
[3]
前記複合体は、比表面積が、10~100m2/mmol-Alの範囲である[1]~[2]のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
[4]
前記固体状担体が、シリカ、アルミナ、塩化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、チタニア、ジルコニア、活性炭、ゼオライト、カーボンナノチューブ、ポリスチレンビーズおよびそれらの複合体である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
[5]
前記固体状担体と前記ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層との質量比(担体:被覆層)が1:0.1~1:100の範囲である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
[6]
下記一般式(I)で示される単位を含むポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する芳香族系炭化水素溶液(以下、溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物と称す)を固体状担体と加熱して、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を前記固体状担体表面に形成することを含む、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の製造方法において、
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは1~50の整数を示す。)
溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物が、メチル基の総モル数に対するトリメチルアルミニウム部位に由来するメチル基のモル分率が20モル%以下である、前記製造方法。
[7]
前記溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物と固体状担体の加熱処理において、
(i) 80℃~200℃の範囲の加熱温度、及び
(ii) 5分間以上24時間未満の加熱時間から、
前記被覆層を形成するに適した加熱温度及び加熱時間が選択される、[6]に記載の製造方法。
[8]
前記溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物が、アルミニウム-酸素-炭素結合を有するアルキルアルミニウム化合物を熱分解することにより得られるものである、[6]~[7]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[9]
前記アルミニウム-酸素-炭素結合を有するアルキルアルミニウム化合物は、トリメチルアルミニウムと含酸素有機化合物との反応により調製されるものである、[8]に記載の製造方法。
[10]
前記含酸素有機化合物が、一般式(II)で示される脂肪族または芳香族カルボン酸である、[9]に記載の製造方法。
R1-(COOH)n (II)
(式中、R1は、C1~C20の直鎖あるいは分岐したアルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基の炭化水素基を表し、nは1~5の整数を表す。)
[11]
前記トリメチルアルミニウムと含酸素有機化合物との反応は、トリメチルアルミニウムに含まれるアルミニウム原子と含酸素化合物中の酸素原子のモル比(Al/O) が、1.15~1.4:1の範囲となるように行う、[9]または[10]に記載の製造方法。
[12]
前記固体状担体が、シリカ、アルミナ、塩化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、チタニア、ジルコニア、活性炭、ゼオライト、カーボンナノチューブ、ポリスチレンビーズおよびそれらの複合体である、[7]~[12]のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
[13]
[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体と下記一般式(III)で表される遷移金属化合物を触媒成分として含有するオレフィン類の重合触媒。
MR5R6R7R8 (III)
(式中、Mは遷移金属元素を示し、R5, R6 , R7, R8は一緒になって、シクロアルカジエニル骨格を有する有機基、アルキル基、アルコシキ基、アリーロキシ基、アルキルシリル基、アルキルアミド基、アルキルイミド基、アルキルアミノ基、アルキルイミノ基、ハロゲン原子を示す。)
[14]
[13]に記載の触媒を用いてオレフィン類を重合することを含む、ポリオレフィン類の製造方法。
本発明の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体は、固体状担体の表面の少なくとも一部または全面にポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を有する、複合体である。
(i) アルミニウム含有量が36質量%から41質量%の範囲にあり、かつ
(ii) メチル基の総モル数に対するトリメチルアルミニウム部位に由来するメチル基のモル分率が12モル%以下である、
固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物からなることが好ましい。
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは10~50の整数を示す。)
本発明の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の製造方法は、下記一般式(I)で示される単位を含むポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する芳香族系炭化水素溶液(溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物)を固体状担体と加熱処理して、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を固体状担体の表面に形成する工程を含む、上記本発明の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の製造方法である。
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは10~50の整数を示す。)
R1-(COOH)n (II)
(式中、R1は、C1~C20の直鎖あるいは分岐したアルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基の炭化水素基を表し、nは1~5の整数を表す。)
溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の調製のし易さ、その安定性および適切な残留トリメチルアルミニウム量の制御と言う観点から、上記モル量の比は、好ましくは1.0~ 1.7 : 1の範囲であり、さらに好ましくは1.15~1.4 : 1の範囲である。
(i) 80℃~200℃の範囲の加熱温度、及び
(ii) 5分間以上24時間未満の加熱時間から、
前記被覆層を形成するに適した加熱温度及び加熱時間を選択する、ことが好ましい。
本発明は、オレフィン類の重合触媒を包含する。本発明のオレフィン類の重合触媒は、上記本発明の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体と下記一般式(III)で表される遷移金属化合物を触媒成分として含有する。
MR5R6R7R8 (III)
(式中、Mは遷移金属元素を示し、R5, R6 , R7, R8は一緒になって、シクロアルカジエニル骨格を有する有機基、アルキル基、アルコシキ基、アリーロキシ基、アルキルシリル基、アルキルアミド基、アルキルイミド基、アルキルアミノ基、アルキルイミノ基、ハロゲン原子を示す。)
本発明は上記本発明の触媒を用いてオレフィン類を重合することを含む、ポリオレフィン類の製造方法を包含する。
溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物および固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のアルミニウム含量は、基本的に0.5Nの硫酸水溶液で加水分解した溶液に過剰量のエチレンジアミン四酢酸二ナトリウムを加えた後に、ジチゾンを指示薬とし硫酸亜鉛で逆滴定することにより求めた。測定濃度が希薄な場合は、原子吸光分析法を用いて測定を行った。
本発明における固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積は、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体に含まれるAl量(mmol-Al)当りの表面積で表現する。具体的には、BET吸着等温式を用い、固体表面におけるガスの吸着現象を利用して求めた比表面積(m2/g)を以下の換算式を用いて換算した。換算式中、Yは固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のAl質量%を示す。測定装置にはBEL JAPAN,INC.製のBELSORP mini IIを、測定ガスには窒素ガスを用いた。
BET測定値の換算式 :
固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体に含まれるAl量当りの比表面積(m2/mmol-Al)=BET測定値(m2/g)*27/10Y(wt%)
固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の体積基準のメジアン径および粒度分布はMalvern Instrument Ltd.のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sを利用し、乾燥窒素雰囲気下にレーザー回折・散乱法により求めた。分散媒には主に脱水・脱気したn-ヘキサンを、目的により一部には脱水・脱気したトルエンを用いた。触媒粒度分布の指標として、均一性は、下記の式で示される定義を用いた。
均一性 = ΣXi|d(0.5) - Di|/d(0.5)ΣXi
ここで、Xiは粒子iのヒストグラム値、d(0.5)は体積基準のメジアン径、Diは粒子iの体積基準径を示す。
ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物中のそれぞれの成分のモル分率は、ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の1H-NMR測定により、それぞれの成分に帰属される面積比から求めた。以下にポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の具体的なMe(PMAO), Me(TMAL)のモル分率の求め方を例示する。ポリメチルアルミノキサンに由来するメチル基のモル分率をMe(PMAO)と表す。トリメチルアルミニウムに由来するメチル基のモル分率をMe(TMAL)と表す。
(i) -0.3ppmから-1.2ppm程度に現われるトリメチルアルミノキサンを含むポリメチルアルミノキサンのMe基ピークの全体の積分値を求め、これをI(ポリメチルアルミノキサン)とする。
(ii) -1.1ppm付近のTMALに由来するMe基ピークを接線-1により切り出し、その積分値 I(TMAL-Me)を求める。
(iii) (ii)で求めた積分値を、(i)で求めた積分値 I(ポリメチルアルミノキサン)から引くと、トリメチルアルミニウムを含まないポリメチルアルミノキサンのみのMe-基の積分値I(PMAO-Me)を求めることができる。I(TMAL-Me)およびI(PMAO-Me)をI(ポリメチルアルミノキサン)で割って規格化すると、Me(PMAO), Me(TMAL)のモル分率を求めることが出来る。
また、溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の分析サンプルは、溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物約0.05mlに対しd8-THFを約0.5ml添加することにより調製した。固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の分析サンプルは、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体10mgに対しd8-THFを0.5ml添加することにより調製した。
(1) 溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の合成
撹拌装置を有する内容積2Lのセパラブルフラスコに、トリメチルアルミニウム(TMAL) 240.8g(3.34mol)、トルエン600.5gを入れた。この溶液を15℃にまで冷却し、これに安息香酸145.7g(1.19mol)を溶液の温度が25℃以下になるような速度でゆっくりと添加した。その後50℃で加熱熟成を1時間行った。この時、TMALと安息香酸の酸素原子のモル比は、1.40であった。反応液を70℃で4時間加熱し、その後60℃で6時間加熱することにより、ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のトルエン溶液を得た。得られた溶液は、ゲル状物のない透明な液体であった。反応液回収後に行ったアルミニウム分析結果より、アルミニウム原子基準で示す反応収率は定量的なものであった。得られた反応液のアルミニウム濃度は9.30wt%であった。得られた溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のMe(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、26.0mol%であった。なお、本溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物は溶液状態のため、試験方法の項で記載した溶解度測定は出来なが、溶液の比重とアルミニウム濃度から計算で求めたトルエン中の濃度は約3.1mol/Lであった。
磁気撹拌装置を持つ500mlの四つ口フラスコにトルエン250mlを導入し、34℃にまで加熱した。これにアルミニウム原子換算で0.16g(5.93mmol)のポリメチルアルミノキサンのトルエン溶液を加え、さらにAl/Zrのモル比が5000となるようにビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロライド(Cp2ZrCl2)を加え、40℃に昇温しながらエチレンガスを吹き込んだ。10分後に、エチレンガスの供給を止め、メタノールを投入して触媒を失活させた。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ62×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。ポリマー形状は不定形で、重合器のファウリングが顕著であった。
(1) 溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の合成
予備実験1において、粉体投入した安息香酸量を、TMALと安息香酸の酸素原子のモル比が1.20、50℃での加熱熟成後の加熱を70℃で32時間となるように変更したことを除いては、予備実験1と同様に溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の合成を行った。得られた溶液は、ゲル状物のない透明な液体であった。反応液回収後に行ったアルミニウム分析結果より、アルミニウム原子基準で示す反応収率は定量的なものであった。得られた反応液のアルミニウム濃度は、9.04wt%であった。得られた溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のMe(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、14.0mol%であった。なお、本溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサンは溶液状態のため、試験方法の項で記載した溶解度測定は出来なが、溶液の比重とアルミニウム濃度から計算で求めたトルエン中の濃度は約3.0mol/Lであった。
重合評価は予備実験1の(2)1.に記載の方法と同様に実施したところ、重合活性は39×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。ポリマー形状は不定形で、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は18万で、Mw/Mnは2.9であった。ポリマー形状は不定形で、重合器のファウリングが顕著であった。
(1) 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
攪拌装置を有する内容積300mlの丸底フラスコに予備実験2(Al/O=1.20)で調製したポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のトルエン溶液29.55g(98.9mol-Al)と750℃で4時間N2下に焼成したSiO2(富士シリシア製SiO2, P-10,平均粒子径41.0μm,比表面積276m2/g)を10.0g入れ、攪拌しながら100℃で8時間加熱した。溶液を30℃以下にまで冷却した後に、デカンテーションにより上澄み液を除去した。洗浄のために得られたスラリーをn-ヘキサン200mlで2回洗浄した。得られた固体を室温下に減圧乾燥することにより乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.7%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成において、固体状物の除去は目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、16.10wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、40.8wt%-Alと求められた。以下に計算方法の概略を示す。
(i)使用したポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のトルエン溶液中に含まれるアルミニウム成分の内、99.7%がSiO2と複合体を形成した。したがって、2.66g-Al(=98.9mmol×99.7/100×26.98g/mol×1/1000)が担体表面に付着したこととなる。
(ii)合成において固体状物は除去されていないため、使用したSiO2 10gは全て触媒として回収された。
(iii)得られた複合体中のアルミニウム含量は16.1wt%-Alであったことから、複合体に付着重量は、6.521g(=(2.66/16.1×100)-10)となる。
(iv)被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、以上の計算結果を用いることにより、40.8wt%-Al(=2.66/6.521×100)と求められる。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 44.8μm、均一性は0.92であった。図2に得られた粒度分布図を示す。10μm程度のピークは、使用SiO2に含まれている微粒に起因するものであり、これらの微粒にも被覆層は形成されている。尚、参考までに、ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の被覆層を形成する前のSiO2(富士シリシア製SiO2, P-10)のSEM写真(倍率300倍)を図8に示す。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は55.3m2/mmol-Alであった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のSEM撮影を行ったところ、以下のようなSEM写真(図3、倍率1000倍)を得た。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、9.0mol%であった。
磁気撹拌装置を持つ500mlの四つ口フラスコにトルエン250mlを導入し、34℃にまで加熱した。これにアルミニウム原子換算で0.16g(5.93mmol)の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のトルエンスラリー溶液を加え、さらにAl/Zrのモル比が5000となるようにビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロライド(Cp2ZrCl2)を加え、40℃に昇温しながらエチレンガスを吹き込んだ。10分後に、エチレンガスの供給を止め、メタノールを投入して触媒を失活させた。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ30.2×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。また、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は18万で、Mw/Mnは2.7であった。
(1) 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
攪拌装置を有する内容積300mlの丸底フラスコに予備実験1(Al/O=1.40)で調製したポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のトルエン溶液を用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)と同様に乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で95.1%と実施例1(1)に比べ低い値であった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、15.5wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、39.8wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 43.0μm、均一性は0.95であった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は61.2m2/mmol-Alであった。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、11.4mol%であった。
磁気撹拌装置を持つ500mlの四つ口フラスコにトルエン250mlを導入し、34℃にまで加熱した。これにアルミニウム原子換算で0.16g(5.93mmol)の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のトルエンスラリー溶液を加え、さらにAl/Zrのモル比が5000となるようにビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロライド(Cp2ZrCl2)を加え、40℃に昇温しながらエチレンガスを吹き込んだ。10分後に、エチレンガスの供給を止め、メタノールを投入して触媒を失活させた。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ27.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。また、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は17万で、Mw/Mnは2.8であった。
(1) 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
(a)TMAL処理SiO2の調製
磁気撹拌装置を持つ1Lのフラスコに400℃で2時間焼成したSiO2(富士シリシア製SiO2,P-10)29.37gとヘキサン510mlを投入した。攪拌下、これにTMALのヘキサン溶液43.72g(TMAL 57.0mmol)を室温下に添加し、50℃で加熱熟成を行った。室温へ冷却した後、デカンテーション法により上澄み液を除去した。更に、ヘキサン500mlで3回洗浄後、室温下に減圧乾燥することにより乾燥TMAL処理SiO2を30.8g得た。得られた固体中のAl濃度は4.6wt%-Alであった。
SiO2の代わりにTMAL処理したSiO2を用いたこと以外は予備実験2(Al/O=1.20)で調製したポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のトルエン溶液を用いて実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で95.4%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、17.3wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、36.9wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 47.0μm、均一性は0.89であった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は55.3m2/mmol-Alであった。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、8.5mol%であった。
磁気撹拌装置を持つ500mlの四つ口フラスコにトルエン250mlを導入し、34℃にまで加熱した。これにアルミニウム原子換算で0.16g(5.93mmol)の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のトルエンスラリー溶液を加え、さらにAl/Zrのモル比が5000となるようにビス(シクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロライド(Cp2ZrCl2)を加え、40℃に昇温しながらエチレンガスを吹き込んだ。10分後に、エチレンガスの供給を止め、メタノールを投入して触媒を失活させた。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ23.0×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。また、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は16万で、Mw/Mnは2.6であった。
(1) 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
固体状担体としてSiO2の代わりにカーボンナノチューブ(アルドリッチ、Multi-walled、 CVD法による合成品、O.D 20~30nm、wall thickness 1~2nm、length 0.5~2μm)を50mg用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.0%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、36.3wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、36.5wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 7.8μm、均一性は0.32であった。図4に得られた粒度分布図を示す。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は31.2m2/mmol-Alであった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のSEM撮影を行ったところ、以下のようなSEM写真(図5、倍率5000倍)を得た。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、8.8mol%であった。
実施例1(3)記載の重合方法と同様に固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のエチレン重合評価を行った。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ60.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。また、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は20万で、Mw/Mnは2.5であった。
(1) 固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
固体状担体としてSiO2の代わりにカーボンナノチューブ(アルドリッチ、Multi-walled、 CVD法による合成品、O.D 20~30nm、wall thickness 1~2nm、length 0.5~2μm)を150mg用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物(被覆層)の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.2%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、38.3wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、39.2wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 8.0μm、均一性は0.55であった。図6に得られた粒度分布図を示す。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は35.1m2/mmol-Alであった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のSEM撮影を行ったところ、以下のようなSEM写真(図7、倍率5000倍)を得た。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、8.0mol%であった。
実施例1(3)記載の重合方法と同様に固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のエチレン重合評価を行った。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ65.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。また、高温GPCにより求めた分子量は19万で、Mw/Mnは2.6であった。
特開昭61-108610号公報(特許文献3)の実施例1に記載のエチレン重合結果を、ジルコニウム 1mol,エチレン圧 1気圧,重合時間 1時間当りの重合活性値へ変換すると、8.9×105g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrと求められた。この重合活性は、上記実施例に示した本発明の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体を用いた場合に比べて一桁近く低いものであった。
(1)固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
固体状担体としてSiO2の代わりにカーボンナノチューブ(アルドリッチ、Multi-walled、 CVD法による合成品、O.D 20~30nm、wall thickness 1~2nm、length 0.5~2μm)を1g用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物(被覆層)の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.5%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、33.3wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、38.1wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 11.0μm、均一性は0.55であった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は40.1m2/mmol-Alであった。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、9.0mol%であった。
実施例1(3)記載の重合方法と同様に固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のエチレン重合評価を行った。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ70.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。
(1)固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
固体状担体としてSiO2の代わりにカーボンナノチューブ(アルドリッチ、Multi-walled、 CVD法による合成品、O.D 20~30nm、wall thickness 1~2nm、length 0.5~2μm)を5g用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物(被覆層)の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.2%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、22.9wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、40.3wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 25.0μm、均一性は0.62であった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は60.1m2/mmol-Alであった。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、8.2mol%であった。
実施例1(3)記載の重合方法と同様に固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のエチレン重合評価を行った。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ70.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。
(1)固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の合成
固体状担体としてSiO2の代わりにカーボンナノチューブ(アルドリッチ、Multi-walled、 CVD法による合成品、O.D 20~30nm、wall thickness 1~2nm、length 0.5~2μm)を10.0g用いたこと以外は実施例1(1)記載の方法と同様に乾燥固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体を得た。乾燥固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物(被覆層)の析出率は使用した溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物のアルミニウム原子基準で99.0%とほぼ定量的なものであった。合成に際し、固体状物の抜けは目視で認められなかった。
(a) アルミニウム含量
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体中のアルミニウム含量を測定したところ、15.8wt%-Alであった。この結果より、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層のアルミニウム含量は、39.3wt%-Alと求められた。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のマスターサイザー2000 Hydro Sによる粒度分布評価を行ったところ、体積基準のメジアン径d(0.5) 45.0μm、均一性は0.75であった。
乾燥した固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の比表面積測定を行ったところ、アルミニウム原子 1mmol当りの比表面積は93.5m2/mmol-Alであった。
Me(TMAL)量を1H-NMRより求めたところ、7.8mol%であった。
実施例1(3)記載の重合方法と同様に固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体のエチレン重合評価を行った。生成したポリエチレンを濾過乾燥し、重合活性を求めたところ75.3×106g-PE/mol-Zr・atm・hrであった。
得られたポリマーはさらさらした微粒子状で、重合後の反応器への付着がないものであった。
Claims (14)
- 固体状担体の表面の少なくとも一部または全面にポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を有する、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
- 前記被覆層が、以下の一般式(I)で示される単位を含むポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有し、
(i) アルミニウム含有量が36質量%から41質量%の範囲にあり、かつ
(ii) メチル基の総モル数に対するトリメチルアルミニウム部位に由来するメチル基のモル分率が12モル%以下である、
固体状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物からなる、請求項1に記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは10~50の整数を示す。) - 前記複合体は、比表面積が、10~100m2/mmol-Alの範囲である請求項1~2のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
- 前記固体状担体が、シリカ、アルミナ、塩化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、チタニア、ジルコニア、活性炭、ゼオライト、カーボンナノチューブ、ポリスチレンビーズおよびそれらの複合体である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
- 前記固体状担体と前記ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層との質量比(担体:被覆層)が1:0.1~1:100の範囲である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体。
- 下記一般式(I)で示される単位を含むポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する芳香族系炭化水素溶液(以下、溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物と称す)を固体状担体と加熱して、ポリメチルアルミノキサンとトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する被覆層を前記固体状担体表面に形成することを含む、固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体の製造方法において、
-[(Me)AlO]n- (I)
(式中、nは1~50の整数を示す。)
溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物が、メチル基の総モル数に対するトリメチルアルミニウム部位に由来するメチル基のモル分率が20モル%以下である、前記製造方法。 - 前記溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物と固体状担体の加熱処理において、
(i) 80℃~200℃の範囲の加熱温度、及び
(ii) 5分間以上24時間未満の加熱時間から、
前記被覆層を形成するに適した加熱温度及び加熱時間が選択される、請求項6に記載の製造方法。 - 前記溶液状ポリメチルアルミノキサン組成物が、アルミニウム-酸素-炭素結合を有するアルキルアルミニウム化合物を熱分解することにより得られるものである、請求項6~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム-酸素-炭素結合を有するアルキルアルミニウム化合物は、トリメチルアルミニウムと含酸素有機化合物との反応により調製されるものである、請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記含酸素有機化合物が、一般式(II)で示される脂肪族または芳香族カルボン酸である、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
R1-(COOH)n (II)
(式中、R1は、C1~C20の直鎖あるいは分岐したアルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基の炭化水素基を表し、nは1~5の整数を表す。) - 前記トリメチルアルミニウムと含酸素有機化合物との反応は、トリメチルアルミニウムに含まれるアルミニウム原子と含酸素化合物中の酸素原子のモル比(Al/O)が、1.15~1.4:1の範囲となるように行う、請求項9または10に記載の製造方法。
- 前記固体状担体が、シリカ、アルミナ、塩化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、チタニア、ジルコニア、活性炭、ゼオライト、カーボンナノチューブ、ポリスチレンビーズおよびそれらの複合体である、請求項6~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の固体状担体-ポリメチルアルミノキサン複合体と下記一般式(III)で表される遷移金属化合物を触媒成分として含有するオレフィン類の重合触媒。
MR5R6R7R8 (III)
(式中、Mは遷移金属元素を示し、R5, R6 , R7, R8は一緒になって、シクロアルカジエニル骨格を有する有機基、アルキル基、アルコシキ基、アリーロキシ基、アルキルシリル基、アルキルアミド基、アルキルイミド基、アルキルアミノ基、アルキルイミノ基、ハロゲン原子を示す。) - 請求項13に記載の触媒を用いてオレフィン類を重合することを含む、ポリオレフィン類の製造方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2570437A1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
KR101812365B1 (ko) | 2017-12-26 |
KR20130062293A (ko) | 2013-06-12 |
US20130059990A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
CN102869684A (zh) | 2013-01-09 |
US8975209B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
EP2570437B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
CN102869684B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2570437A4 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
JP5856561B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 |
JPWO2011142400A1 (ja) | 2013-07-22 |
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