WO2011134284A1 - 胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物及其应用 - Google Patents

胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011134284A1
WO2011134284A1 PCT/CN2011/000764 CN2011000764W WO2011134284A1 WO 2011134284 A1 WO2011134284 A1 WO 2011134284A1 CN 2011000764 W CN2011000764 W CN 2011000764W WO 2011134284 A1 WO2011134284 A1 WO 2011134284A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
diabetes
type
pharmaceutical composition
beta
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PCT/CN2011/000764
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王印祥
谭芬来
胡邵京
赵向东
马存波
王燕萍
沈晓燕
丁列明
胡云雁
曹红
龙伟
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浙江贝达药业有限公司
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Priority to BR112012027545-3A priority Critical patent/BR112012027545B1/pt
Priority to US13/643,840 priority patent/US8951959B2/en
Priority to JP2013506456A priority patent/JP5871905B2/ja
Priority to CA2797431A priority patent/CA2797431C/en
Priority to CN201180000353.6A priority patent/CN102186881B/zh
Priority to AU2011247824A priority patent/AU2011247824B2/en
Priority to KR1020127030750A priority patent/KR101496136B1/ko
Priority to EP11774275.9A priority patent/EP2565205B1/en
Application filed by 浙江贝达药业有限公司 filed Critical 浙江贝达药业有限公司
Priority to ES11774275.9T priority patent/ES2548259T3/es
Priority to RU2012150108/04A priority patent/RU2531590C2/ru
Priority to SG2012079661A priority patent/SG185066A1/en
Publication of WO2011134284A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011134284A1/zh
Priority to HK12102503.2A priority patent/HK1162037A1/zh
Priority to ZA2012/08829A priority patent/ZA201208829B/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/575Hormones
    • C07K14/605Glucagons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/02Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/12Antidiuretics, e.g. drugs for diabetes insipidus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a derivative of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and uses thereof. Background technique
  • WH 0 World Health Organization
  • Type II diabetes which refers to adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes
  • hypoglycemia is a problem that people have been concerned about.
  • GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1
  • GLP-1 is a secretin secreted by intestinal L cells, which promotes insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, stimulates islet B cell proliferation, induces islet B cell regeneration, and prevents islet B cell apoptosis. Improving insulin sensitivity and increasing glucose utilization play an important role in the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes. In patients with type 2 diabetes, the "incretin effect" is impaired, mainly because the increase in GLP-1 concentration after meal is lower than that in normal people, but its effect on promoting insulin secretion and lowering blood sugar is not significantly impaired. Therefore, GLP-1 and its analogues can be an important target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. As an enterogenous hormone, GLP-1 is released into the bloodstream under the stimulation of nutrients, especially carbohydrates.
  • GLP-1 glucose-dependent hypoglycemic property of GLP-1 is the basis and guarantee for the safety of clinical application, thus eliminating the concern that existing diabetes treatment drugs and regimens may cause severe hypoglycemia in patients, in the field of diabetes treatment. with broadly application foreground. .
  • GLP-1 is also facing a huge problem in clinical application.
  • the GLP-1 produced by the human body is very unstable and is easily degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) in vivo. Its plasma half-life is only l ⁇ 2min, that is, continuous intravenous infusion or continuous subcutaneous injection can produce therapeutic effect, which greatly limits the clinical application of GLP-1. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention first provides a compound represented by the structure I, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, chelate or non-covalent complex thereof, based on the compound based on the compound Precursor ⁇ or any mixture of the above forms.
  • X is selected from glycine or glycinamide.
  • the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one effective therapeutic amount of the above compound and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant.
  • the invention further provides for the use of the above pharmaceutical compositions in pharmaceuticals.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is used for the preparation of a medicament for treating at least one of the following diseases, including type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, type I diabetes, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, blood lipids Abnormalities, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, inflammatory bowel syndrome and/or indigestion or gastric ulcer.
  • diseases including type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, type I diabetes, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, blood lipids Abnormalities, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, inflammatory bowel syndrome and/or indigestion or gastric ulcer.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is useful in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of delay in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and/or prevention of the deterioration of type II diabetes.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is used in the manufacture of a medicament for reducing food intake, reducing beta cell apoptosis, increasing islet beta cell function, increasing beta-cell mass and/or restoring glucose sensitivity to ⁇ -cells. .
  • the invention also provides the compound for the preparation of a treatment comprising type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, type I diabetes, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction,
  • type II diabetes impaired glucose tolerance
  • type I diabetes obesity
  • hypertension metabolic syndrome
  • dyslipidemia cognitive impairment
  • atherosclerosis myocardial infarction
  • the compound is for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of delayed onset of type 2 diabetes and/or for the prevention of progression of type 2 diabetes.
  • the compound is for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a reduction in food intake, a decrease in beta cell apoptosis, an increase in islet beta cell function, an increase in beta-cell mass and/or a restoration of glucose sensitivity to ⁇ -cells. .
  • the invention still further provides methods of administering the compound to a subject to modulate blood glucose in the body.
  • the compounds of formula I include, but are not limited to, optical isomers, racemates and/or other mixtures of these compounds.
  • a single enantiomer or diastereomer such as an optical isomer can be obtained by an asymmetric synthesis method or a racemic resolution method.
  • Resolution of the racemate can be accomplished by various methods, such as conventional recrystallization with a reagent for assisted resolution, or by chromatographic methods such as chiral high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
  • the compounds of formula I also contain cis and/or trans isomers with a double bond.
  • tautomers are present, and the present invention also encompasses all tautomeric forms of these compounds.
  • the compounds described herein include, but are not limited to, the compounds of structural formula I and all of their various pharmaceutically acceptable forms.
  • the pharmaceutically usable different forms of these compounds include various pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, crystalline forms including various crystal forms and complexes, chelates, non-covalent complexes, and based on the above substances. Prodrugs, and any mixture of these forms as described above.
  • the compounds described herein exist in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • the term "compound” as used herein includes not only the compound itself, but also pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, chelates, non-covalent complexes thereof, prodrugs based on the above compounds, And any mixture of these forms as described above.
  • prodrug is also included in the range of the compound, for example, an ester or an amide derivative of the compound of the formula I.
  • prodrug includes any compound which can be converted to a compound of formula I in the human or animal body, such as by conversion of the prodrug to a compound of formula I.
  • Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetyl derivatives, formyl derivatives, benzoyl derivatives, and other similar derivatives of different functional groups (e.g., alcohol or amino groups) on the compounds of formula I.
  • the compound of the formula I provided by the present invention is chemically stable and is not easily in vivo by the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP- IV) Degradation, which has a plasma half-life of more than 30 hours, thereby overcoming the drawback that GLP-1 must be continuously instilled or continuously subcutaneously injected to produce a therapeutic effect. Further, the compound of the formula I provided by the present invention or a compound prepared by using the compound as an active ingredient has a long plasma half-life (more than 30 hours) and a remarkable hypoglycemic effect when used to lower blood glucose concentration in the body.
  • DPP- IV dipeptidyl peptidase IV
  • Figure 1 is a mass spectrum of the compound of Structural Formula II
  • Figure 2 is a mass spectrum of the compound obtained in Example 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a mass spectrum of the compound obtained in Example 2. detailed description
  • the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples, which are merely used to further illustrate the preparation of the compounds of the formula I described in the present invention.
  • Dimer is as follows:
  • C is as follows: 7.6 g of oxalyl chloride is dissolved in 150 ml of dichloromethane, and 9.6 g of dimethyl sulfoxide solution of 50 ml of dichloroformamidine is added dropwise to the reaction solution, and the dropwise addition time is about 0.5 hour, followed by stirring for 0.5 hour; 1 g of a solution of Compound 03 in 100 ml of dichloromethane was added dropwise over 1 hour, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour; 14 g of triethylamine was added dropwise, and the addition was completed in 1 hour, and then the reaction was stirred for 2 hours.
  • Deprotection Add the above resin to 10 ml of 20% PIPE/DMF and mix well and soak for 8-10 minutes to carry out the deprotection reaction (removal of Fmoc on -NH 2 ) and drain. Then, the free amino group was detected by the ninhydrin method (KT tes t): a small amount of resin (about 30 to 50 particles) was taken with a capillary tube, and the resin was washed 3 times with DCM, and two drops of three reagents A, B and C were sequentially added. After the incubation at 115 ° C for 5 minutes, the solution and the resin both turned blue-violet, indicating that the deprotection reaction proceeded more completely.
  • KT tes t a small amount of resin (about 30 to 50 particles) was taken with a capillary tube, and the resin was washed 3 times with DCM, and two drops of three reagents A, B and C were sequentially added. After the incubation at 115 °
  • Washing Wash the resin alternately with DCM and DMF for 6 times, mix thoroughly, and drain.
  • the diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) method is as follows: Weigh the amino acid Fmoc-Arg(Pbf)-OH 0.8 mmol (four times the mole of the resin, about 0.52 g), Activation reagent HOBt (1-hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole) 0.8 mmol (about 0.11 g), DIC (N, N-diisopropylcarbodiimide) 0.8 mmol (about 125 ⁇ l), dissolved in 5 ml of DMF The reaction was carried out in a resin for 1.5 hours, and detected by a ninhydrin method (KT test).
  • KT test ninhydrin method
  • Free amino group A small amount of resin (about 30 to 50 particles) was taken with a capillary tube, and the resin was washed 3 times with DCM, and reagents A, B, and C were sequentially added. , put in the heater 115 'C for 5 minutes, the solution and resin are yellow or colorless, indicating that the reaction has been completed. If the resin or solution is light blue, it indicates that further coupling is required, and the reaction time is extended to 3 hours before detection. If the reaction is still not complete, replace it with the urea gun reagent method.
  • the amino-protecting group removed by PIPE is therefore selected from Fmoc-Lys(Dde)-OH, and the coupling method is used to synthesize the diisopropylcarbodiimide method (DIC method) shown in Step 4 of the main chain.
  • the 29th amino acid at the C-terminus of the main chain is a compound designed and synthesized by the company (called Dimer), and its amino group and carboxyl group are protected by F moc and OtBu, respectively.
  • Coupling method Diisopropyl carbodiimide method, Dimer (5 times the mole of resin) l.Ommol (about 0.55g), activation reagent HOBt lmmol (about 0.14g), DIC lmmol (about 160 ⁇ 1) Dissolved in 5 ml of DMF, added to the resin and reacted at room temperature for 3 hours, and the Dimer was attached to the main chain.
  • the side chain sequence is also a compound designed and synthesized by our company. As shown in Structural Formula III, the sequence is octadecanedioic acid-Y-Glu-AEEA-AEEA, in which C*OOH will be exchanged to the formula II.
  • Dde (1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)ethyl
  • Lys was removed with 2% hydrazine.
  • the side chain was gradually attached to Lys in the same manner as in step 2-6 of the synthetic main chain.
  • AeA uses Fmoc-AEEA-OH
  • Glu uses Fmoc-Glu-OtBu
  • Glu's ⁇ -carboxy group is coupled with AEEA's amino group to extend the side chain of the polypeptide.
  • the coupling effect is better with urea-based reagent.
  • Octadecanoic acid protects one of the carboxyl groups with tBu, ensuring that there is only one carboxyl group and Glu
  • Rink Amide Resin was used instead of Fmoc-Gly-Wang Resin in the synthesis of the main chain, and the same as in Example 1.
  • the temperature at which the reaction temperature is not indicated refers to the normal temperature.
  • Reagents A, B and C were respectively 80% phenol ethanol solution, re-distilled pyridine and 5 g ninhydrin in 100 ml of ethanol.
  • Example 3 Determination of glucose tolerance
  • mice 90 ICR (Institute of Cancer Researcch) mice, all male; divided into three batches by weight, 30 per batch. Each batch of mice was divided into two groups according to blood glucose after fasting overnight: the vehicle group and the compound group obtained in Example 1 (abbreviated as compound group). The vehicle group was only injected with physiological saline, and the compound group was added to the physiological saline solution to obtain the compound obtained in Example 1.
  • mice were fasted overnight, grouped by blood glucose, Dayl was administered subcutaneously, and the compound group was administered at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg. Each group of mice was given 2 g/kg of sugar load and sugar load at 2 h after administration. Blood was taken 30 and 60 minutes later, and blood glucose was measured. Day4 mice in each group were given a 2 g/kg sugar load (72 h administration) after fasting overnight and blood was taken 30 min after the sugar load to measure blood glucose.
  • mice were fasted overnight, grouped by blood glucose, Dayl was administered subcutaneously, and the compound group was administered at a dose of
  • mice in each group were fasted for 8 hours, then given a 2g/kg sugar load (administered for 25 hours) and blood was taken 30 minutes after the sugar load to measure blood glucose.
  • Day5 mice in each group were given a 2 g/kg sugar load (90 h administration) after fasting overnight and blood was taken 30 minutes after the sugar load to measure blood glucose.
  • mice were fasted overnight, grouped according to blood glucose, Dayl was administered subcutaneously, and the compound group was administered at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg.
  • Day 3 mice were given a 2 g/kg sugar load after fasting overnight. 42h) Blood was taken 30 minutes after the sugar load to measure blood sugar.
  • the blood glucose measurement uses the Luo Kang fully integrated blood glucose detection system.
  • the compound provided by the invention has a plasma half-life of more than 30 hours, and the plasma half-life of GLP-1 is 1

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Description

说 明 书
胰高血糖素样肽 -1类似物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种胰高血糖素样肽 -1 (GLP-1 ) 的衍生物及其应用。 背景技术
糖尿病已成为继心脑血管疾病和肿瘤后排名第三的非传染性疾病, 世界卫生组织(WH 0) 预测: 2030年全世界糖尿病患者将超过 3.6亿, 其中 90%以上为 II型糖尿病。 II型糖 尿病, 是指成年发病或非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病, 是一种常见病, 全球发病率逐年升高。 现 有糖尿病治疗药物及方案中, 低血糖是人们一直担心的问题。 为了克服此问题, 近年来, 胰高血糖素样多肽 -1 (G]ucagon-like peptide- 1 , 简称 GLP-1 )相关研究进展迅速。 GLP-1是一 种由肠道 L细胞分泌的促胰素, 具有促进胰岛素分泌、 抑制胰高血糖素的释放、 剌激胰岛 B细胞增殖、 诱导胰岛 B细胞再生、 阻止胰岛 B细胞凋亡、 改善胰岛素敏感性和增加葡萄 糖的利用等作用, 在 II型糖尿病的发生、 发展中起着重要作用。 II型糖尿病患者, 其 "肠 促胰素效应"受损, 主要表现为进餐后 GLP-1浓度升高幅度较正常人有所减少, 但其促进 胰岛素分泌以及降血糖的作用并无明显受损, 因此 GLP-1及其类似物可以作为 II型糖尿病 治疗的一个重要靶点。 GLP-1 作为一种肠源性激素, 在营养物质特别是碳水化合物的刺激 下才释放入血, 其促胰岛素分泌作用呈葡萄糖浓度依赖性, 即只有在血糖水平升高的情况 下, GLP-1 才发挥降糖作用, 而在血糖水平正常时, 则不会使其进一步降低。 GLP-1 的这 种葡萄糖浓度依赖性降糖特性是其临床应用安全性的基础与保障, 从而免除了人们对现有 糖尿病治疗药物及方案可能造成患者严重低血糖的担心, 在糖尿病治疗领域中具有广阔的 应用前景。。
然而, GLP-1应用于临床也面临着巨大问题, 人体自身产生的 GLP-1很不稳定, 极易 被体内的二肽基肽酶 IV(DPP-IV)降解, 其血浆半衰期仅为 l〜2min, 即必须持续静脉滴注或 持续皮下注射才能产生疗效, 这大大限制了 GLP-1的临床应用。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种胰高血糖素样肽 -1衍生物及其应用。 为实现上述目的,本发明首先提供了一种结构 I所示的化合物,该化合物所成的可药用 的盐、 溶剂化物、 螯合物或非共价复合物, 基于该化合物基础上的药物前体^或上述形 的任意混合物。
Figure imgf000004_0001
结构式 I
式中, X选自甘氨酸或甘氨酰胺。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物, 该药物组合物包含至少一种有效治疗量的上述化合 物和至少一种可药用的辅料。
本发明进一步提供了上述药物组合物在制药中的应用。
作为优选, 所述药物组合物在制备治疗下述至少一种疾病的药物中的应用, 所述疾病 包括 II型糖尿病、 糖耐量受损、 I型糖尿病、 肥胖、 高血压、 代谢综合征、 血脂异常、 认知 障碍、 动脉粥样硬化、 心肌梗塞、 冠状动脉心脏病、 心血管疾病、 中风、 炎性肠道综合征 和 /或消化不良或胃溃疡。
作为优选,所述药物组合物在制备治疗 II型糖尿病药效延迟和 /或预防 II型糖尿病恶化 的药物中的应用。
作为优选, 所述药物组合物在制备减少食物摄入量、 减少 β细胞凋亡、 增加胰岛 β细 胞功能、 增加 β-细胞团和 /或恢复葡萄糖对 β-细胞的敏感性的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了所述化合物用于制备治疗包括 II型糖尿病、 糖耐量受损、 I型糖尿病、 肥胖、 高血压、 代谢综合征、 血脂异常、 认知障碍、 动脉粥样硬化、 心肌梗塞、 冠状动脉 心脏病、 心血管疾病、 中风、 炎性肠道综合征、 消化不良和 /或胃溃疡的药物的应用。
作为优选,所述化合物用于制备治疗 II型糖尿病药效延迟和 /或预防 II型糖尿病恶化的 药物中的应用。
作为优选, 所述化合物用于制备治疗减少食物摄入量、 减少 β细胞凋亡、 增加胰岛 β 细胞功能、 增加 β-细胞团和 /或恢复葡萄糖对 β-细胞的敏感性的药物中的应用。
本发明还进一步提供了对治疗对象施用所述化合物以调节体内血糖的方法。
本发明所涉及到的更多内容在以下有详细描述, 或者有些也可以在本发明的实施例中体 会。 除非另有所指, 本文中所用来表示不同成分的数量、 反应条件, 在任意情况下都可解读 为 "大致的"、 "大约的"意思。 相应的, 除有明确的特指外, 在下述以及权利要求中所引用 的数字参数都是大致的参数, 在各自的实验条件下由于标准误差的不同, 有可能会得到不同 的数字参数。
本文中, 当一个化合物的化学结构式和化学名称有分歧或疑义时, 以化学结构式确切定 义此化合物。 本文所描述的化合物有可能含有一个或多个手性中心, 和 /或者双键以及诸如此 类的结构, 也可能存在立体异构体, 包括双键的异构体(比如几何异构体)、 旋光对映异构体 或者非对映异构体。 相应的, 在本文描述范围内的任意化学结构, 无论是部分或整体结构中 含有上述类似结构, 都包括了此化合物的所有可能的对映异构体和非对映异构体, 其中也包 括了单纯的任一种立体异构体 (如单纯的几何异构体、 单纯的对映异构体或者单纯的非对映 异构体) 以及这些异构体的任意一种混合物。 这些消旋异构体和立体异构体的混合物由本领 域技术人员利用不同的分离技术或手性分子合成的方法也可进一步被拆分成其组成成分的对 映异构体或立体异构体。
结构式 I的化合物包含了, 但并不仅限于, 这些化合物的光学异构体、消旋体和 /或其他的 混合物。 上述情况下, 其中单一的对映异构体或非对映异构体, 如有旋光的异构体, 可以用 不对称合成的方法或消旋体拆分的方法获得。 消旋体的拆分可用不同的方法实现, 如常规的 用助拆分的试剂重结晶, 或用色谱方法, 如用手性高压液相色谱 (HPLC )。 另外, 结构式 I 的化合物也包含了带双键的顺式和 /或反式的异构体。结构式 I所示的化合物中,存在互变异构 体 (tautomers ) 的, 本发明也包含了这些化合物的所有互变异构体 (tautomeric forms )。
本发明所描述的化合物包含了, 但并不仅限于, 结构式 I所示的化合物以及他们所有的在 药学上可用的不同形式。 这些化合物的药学上可用的不同形式包括各种可药用的盐、 溶剂化 物、 晶型包括多种晶型和络合物、 螯合物、 非共价的复合物和基于上述物质基础上的药物前 体, 和以上所述的这些形式的任意混合物。 本发明的某些实施中, 本发明所描述的化合物以 可药用的盐的形式存在。 本文中 "化合物"这个术语不仅包括了化合物本身, 也包括了其所 成的可药用的盐、 溶剂化物、 螯合物、 非共价的复合物、 基于上述化合物基础上的药物前体, 和以上所述的这些形式的任意混合物。
如上, 药物前体也包含在所述化合物的范围内, 例如, 结构式 I所示的化合物的酯或者酰 胺衍生物。 术语 "药物前体"包括了任意在人体内或动物体内能转化为结构式 I所示化合物的 化合物, 如通过药物前体的新陈代谢过程转化为结构式 I所示化合物。 药物前体的范例包括但 不限于, 结构式 I所示化合物上不同功能团 (如醇或氨基基团) 的乙酰衍生物、 甲酰衍生物、 苯甲酰衍生物以及其他类似衍生物。
本发明提供的结构式 I所示的化合物化学性质稳定, 不易被体内的二肽基肽酶 IV(DPP- IV)降解, 其血浆半衰期达到 30小时以上, 从而克服了 GLP-1必须持续静脉滴注或持续皮 下注射才能产生疗效的缺陷。另外,本发明提供的结构式 I所示的化合物或该化合物作为有 效成份制备的药物用于降低体内血糖浓度时, 既有很长的血浆半衰期(30小时以上), 又具 有显著的降糖效果。 附图说明
图 1为结构式 II所示化合物的质谱图;
图 2为实施例 1所得化合物的质谱图;.
图 3为实施例 2所得化合物的质谱图。 具体实施方式
本发明用包括但并不限于以下实施例, 下述实施例仅用于进一步阐述本发明所描述的结 构式 I的化合物的制备方法。
下述实施例仅用于说明本发明的具体实施方式, 以使本领域的技术人员能够实施本发 明, 但不用于限制本发明的保护范围。 本发明的具体实施方式中, 未作特别说明的技术手 段或方法等为本技术领域的常规技术手段或方法等。 .
实施例 1
I、 合成中间体 (称为 Dimer)
Dimer的结构如下:
Figure imgf000006_0001
具体合成方法如下:
1. 化合物 01_HC1的制备
-10°C以下将 80ml二氯亚砜滴加至 250ml甲醇中, 于 2小时内滴加完毕, 室温搅拌 1小时。 加入 L-丙氨酸 40g, 搅拌过夜。 然后, 升温回流 4小时。 冷却后, 减压脱除溶剂至恒重, 得粗 品 80g化合物 01'HC1。
2. 化合物 02的制备
40g化合物 Ol'HCl溶于 350mlDMF, 加入 113g溴化苄, 在搅拌下加入 150g无水碳酸钾, 搅 拌 2小时后于 50°C保温反应 2小时。 然后, 反应液用 1200ml水和 400ml乙酸乙酯萃取, 分液, 酯 层用 150ml 6NHC1萃取, 水相用碳酸氢钠中和至 pH=8, 再用乙酸乙酯萃取, 干燥后柱分离得 57.6g化合物 02。
3. 化合物 03的制备
11.7g四氢锂铝分散至 200ml乙醚中, 0°C下滴加 02的乙醚溶液(57.6g/100ml), 于 1小时内 滴加完毕。 然后于 30°C保温反应 0.5小时。 然后, 0°C下滴加 18g水, 于 1小时内滴加完毕。 然 后搅拌 1小时, 过滤, 用乙酸乙酯润洗滤饼。 滤液减压脱除溶剂后, 用石油醚结晶得 36g化合 物 03
4. 化合物 05的制备
-65。C以下进行如下操作: 7.6g草酰氯溶于 150ml二氯甲垸中, 9.6g二甲亚砜的 50ml二氯甲 垸溶液滴加到反应液,滴加时间约 0.5小时,然后搅拌 0.5小时; 1小时滴加 llg化合物 03的 100ml 二氯甲烷溶液, 搅拌 1小时; 滴加 14g三乙胺, 于 1小时内滴加完毕, 然后搅拌反应 2小时。 升 至室温, 加 50ml水, 分液, 用 50ml二氯甲垸萃取水相。 有机相用 100ml饱和碳酸氢钠和 100ml 饱和氯化钠分别洗涤后, 用无水硫酸镁干燥过夜。 然后, 脱除溶剂至恒重得 11.7g化合物 04。 化合物 04加 150mlTHF溶解,降温到 0°C,加入 2.5mlTBAF的 THF溶液( lmol/l),再滴加 TMSCF3 的 THF溶液 (9g/50ml), 搅拌反应 15分钟。 然后加入 35ml浓盐酸 (36% ), 搅拌反应 30分钟。 然 后加水和乙酸乙酯, 用碳酸氢钠中和至 pH=8后, 分液, 干燥后脱除溶剂, 硅胶柱分离得化合 物 05 : 9.0go
5. 化合物 06A的制备
17.6g化合物 06Α0·Η2Ο (市售) 溶于 200mlDMF中, 然后加入 24g溴化苄和 36g碳酸氢钠, 搅拌过夜。 力 n i200ml水和 400ml乙酸乙酯, 分液后干燥, 脱除溶剂后柱分离得化合物 06A1。 75ml哌啶与 350ml乙酸乙酯混匀后, 加入化合物 06A1, 搅拌下于 25Ό反应 2小时, 脱除溶剂后 柱分离得 10g化合物 06A, 其合成路线如下所示:
COOtBu COOtBu COOtBu
Fm0C、N人 COOH Fm0C、rT 、COOBn H2N COOBn
H H
化合物 06A0 化合物 06A1 化合物 06A
6. 化合物 07的制备
2g化合物 05与 0.2gTBAB溶于 30mlTHF中, 冷却至 0°C, 加入氢氧化钠溶液 (5g/30ml ), 再加入 2.5g对甲苯磺酰氯, 搅拌反应 30分钟。 然后加水和乙酸乙酯, 分液后, 脱除溶剂得 2.7g 化合物 06。 2.7g化合物 06、 3.3g化合物 06A和 20ml乙腈回流过夜。 蒸出乙腈, 残留物用石油醚 提取, 滤液浓缩后柱分离得 1.8g 07
7. 化合物 08的制备 1.8g化合物 07溶于 400ml甲醇, 力口 0.3g Pd(OH)2/C氢解过夜。 滤出催化剂, 蒸出甲醇得 0.9g 化合物 08。
8. Dimer的制备
0.9g化合物 08和 0.9gFmocCl分散至 40ml二氧六环中, 搅拌过夜。 滤出生成的固体, 分别用二氧六环和石油醚洗后,得产品 Dimer 0.59g。 Ή NMR (DMSO- d6) 1.04 (d, 3H) , 1.38 ( s, 9H) , 1.50-1.91 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.30 (m, 2H) , 3.06-3.08 (m, IH), 3.30-3.37 (m, IH), 4.26-4.38 (m, 4H), 7.32-7.46 (m, 4H), 7.72-7.76 (m, 2H), 7.90 (d, 2H), 8.04 (d, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO- d6) 15.20, 20.46, 27.16, 30.55, 46.08, 48.88, 54.75, 55.12, 55.90, 65.66, 78.98, 119.54, 124.68, 124.79, 126.50, 126.75, 127.11 , 140.21 , 143.07, 143.24, 156.02, 171.37, 174.69. 19F NMR(DMSO- d6) 70.023. LC-MS m/z 551 (M+H)
Dimer的具体合成路线如下所示:
Figure imgf000008_0001
化合物 08 Dimer
化合物 07
I、 合成主链 1 . 溶胀 (Swelling): 取代常数为 0.27mmol/g的 Fmoc-Gly-Wang Resin 0.2mmol于 DC
M中浸泡 20分钟并充分混匀, 然后抽干。
2. 去保护(Deprotection) : 将上述树脂加到 10ml的 20%PIPE/DMF中充分混匀并浸泡 8-10分钟, 进行去保护反应 (将 -NH2上的 Fmoc去掉), 抽干。 然后, 用茚三酮法 (KT tes t)检测自由氨基: 用毛细管取微量树脂(约 30~50颗), 该树脂用 DCM洗 3次, 依次加入 A、 B和 C三种试剂各两滴,于 115 °C下保温 5分钟后取出观察,溶液和树脂均变成蓝紫色, 表明去保护反应进行得比较完全。
3. 洗涤 (Washing ) : 用 DCM、 DMF交替洗涤树脂 6次, 充分混匀, 抽干。
4. 耦合 (Coupling ) : 优选二异丙基碳二亚胺 (DIC)法, 步骤如下: 称取氨基酸 Fmoc- Arg(Pbf)-OH 0.8mmol (树脂摩尔数的 4倍, 约 0.52g), 活化试剂 HOBt ( 1 -羟基 -1H-苯并三 唑) 0.8mmol (约 0.11g), 量取 DIC (N, N—二异丙基碳二亚胺) 0.8mmol (约 125μ1), 用 5mlDMF溶解, 加入树脂中反应 1.5小时, 用茚三酮法检测 (KT test) 自由氨基: 用毛细 管取微量树脂 (约 30~50颗), 该树脂用 DCM洗 3次, 依次加入试剂 A、 B和 C, 放入加 热器中 115 'C保温 5分钟, 溶液和树脂均变成黄色或无色, 表明反应已进行完全。 若树脂或 溶液为浅蓝色, 表明还需要继续耦合, 延长反应时间到 3 小时再检测。 若反应仍然未进行 完全, 则换用脲鎗试剂法, 试剂比例为 Amino acid: HATU: HO At: DIEA=1: 0.95-0.98: 1: 2, 常温反应 1小时后, 用茚三酮法检测 (KT test) 自由氨基, 反应到溶液和树脂茚三 酮法检测均变成黄色或无色为止。
5. 封端 (Capping ) : 肽链连接到 20个残基以后, KT test不能全黄时, 此时把少数未 反应的自由氨基封闭, 试剂为 Acetic Anhydride: DIEA ( DIEA为二异丙基乙基胺) =1 : 3
(摩尔比), 加到树脂 (树脂与试剂的摩尔比为 1 : 5 ) 中常温反应 15分钟, 抽干。
6. 洗涤 (Wash) : 用 DCM、 DMF交替洗涤树脂 5.次, 洗涤时充分混勾, 然后抽干。
7. 重复 2-6步合成主链。
8. 由于该多肽在 C端第 12位氨基酸 Lys上有一支链, 需要进行正交保护 (即一个分 子中的一组保护基可选择性脱除而其他保护基不受影响), 采用一个不被 PIPE脱除的氨基 保护基, 因此选用 Fmoc-Lys(Dde)-OH, 耦合方法采用 I合成主链中步骤 4所示的二异丙基 碳二亚胺法 (DIC法) 即可。
9.在合成到主链 C端第 25位氨基酸 Thr时,裂解后得结构式 II所示的化合物(主链)., 取粗品做质谱, 结果表明: 分子量正确, 理论值 2905.18, 实测值 2904.74, 如图 1所示。 .
Figure imgf000010_0001
结构式 II
10. 主链 C端第 29位氨基酸为本公司自主设计合成的化合物(称为 Dimer), 分别由 F moc和 OtBu保护其氨基和羧基。 耦合方法用二异丙基碳二亚胺法, 称取 Dimer (树脂摩尔 数的 5倍) l .Ommol (约 0.55g), 活化试剂 HOBt lmmol (约 0.14g), 量取 DIC lmmol (约 160μ1), 用 5mlDMF溶解, 加入到树脂中于常温下反应 3小时, 将 Dimer接到主链上。
11. 主链 C端最后一个氨基酸 His, 选用 Boc-His(Trt)-OH, 耦合方法用合成主链中步 骤 4所示的二异丙基碳二亚胺 (DIC)法, 亦可用脲鎿试剂法。
III、 合成侧链并连接主链与侧链:
10. 侧链序列也是本公司自主设计合成的一个化合物, 如结构式 III所示, 序列为十八 烷二酸 - Y -Glu-AEEA-AEEA, 其中 C*OOH将被连換到结构式 II所示的主链上。 用 2%的 肼将主链 Lys上的 Dde ( 1- (4, 4-二甲基 -2, 6-二氧代环亚已基) 乙基) 去掉。 用合成主 链中的 2-6步骤相同方法将侧链逐步连在 Lys上。 AEEA选用 Fmoc-AEEA-OH, Glu选用 Fmoc-Glu-OtBu, 用 Glu的 γ羧基与 AEEA的氨基耦合, 以延长该多肽的侧链, 用脲鑰试 剂法耦合效果更好。 十八垸二酸用 tBu保护其中的一个羧基, 确保只有一个羧基与 Glu的
Figure imgf000010_0002
十八垸二酸 Glu AEEA
结构式 in
IV、 裂解、 纯化
1 . 裂解: 将肽树脂洗涤、 抽干。 称重, 按 1.克肽树脂. 10ml裂解液的比例, 将肽树脂 加入裂解液 (TFA: TA: EDT: ¾0: 苯酚 = 82.5: 5: 2.5: 5: 5 ) 中, 搅拌 3小时, 用 50 0ml冰乙醚沉淀离心, 洗涤 4次, 自然晾干, 制得结构式 I所示的化合物粗品。
2. 纯化: 将结构式 I所示的化合物的粗品溶于 90%甲醇 /水中, 超声后用 0.45μιη滤膜 过滤,然后将滤液用常规制备色谱方法进行纯化,得到结构式 I所示的化合物纯品,做质谱, 结果表明: 分子量正确, 理论值 4152.1, 实测值 4152.5, 如图 2所示。 实施例 2
合成主链时用 Rink Amide Resin代替 Fmoc-Gly- Wang Resin, 其他同实施例 1。 上述实施例 1和 2中, 未标明反应温度的均指常温。 试剂 A、 B和 C分别为 80%苯酚 乙醇溶液、 重蒸吡啶和 5g茚三酮加入 100毫升乙醇中配制的溶液。 实施例 3 糖耐量测定
1、 试验分组:
ICR (Institute of Cancer Researcch)小鼠 90只, 全雄; 按体重分为三批, 每批 30只。 每批小鼠禁食过夜后按血糖分为 2组: Vehicle组和实施例 1所得化合物组(简称化合物组)。 Vehicle组只注射生理盐水, 化合物组是生理盐水中加入实施例 1所得化合物。
2、 试验过程:
第一批动物: 小鼠禁食过夜后按血糖分组, Dayl皮下注射给药, 化合物组给药剂量为 0.3mg/kg, 各组小鼠给药后 2h给予 2g/kg糖负荷并在糖负荷后 30、 60min取血, 测定血糖。 Day4各组小鼠禁食过夜后再次给予 2g/kg糖负荷 (给药 72h) 并在糖负荷后 30min取血, 测定血糖。
第二批动物: 小鼠禁食过夜后按血糖分组, Dayl皮下注射给药, 化合物组给药剂量为
0.3mg/kg, Day2各组小鼠禁食 8h后给予 2g/kg糖负荷 (给药 25h) 并在糖负荷后 30min取 血, 测定血糖。 Day5各组小鼠禁食过夜后再次给予 2g/kg糖负荷 (给药 90h) 并在糖负荷 后 30min取血, 测定血糖。
第三批动物: 小鼠禁食过夜后按血糖分组, Dayl皮下注射给药, 化合物组给药剂量为 0.3mg/kg, Day3各组小鼠禁食过夜后给予 2g/kg糖负荷 (给药 42h) 并在糖负荷后 30min 取血, 测定血糖。
血糖测定采用罗康全整合型血糖检测系统。
3、 试验结果:
( 1 ) 给药 2h
Figure imgf000011_0001
(2) 给药 25h
Figure imgf000012_0001
(3 ) 给药 42h
厶口 ¾约f 里昼 绝对血糖值
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 3.08±0.63 9.18±1.68 4.17±0.94 9.87±2.53 化合物组 0.3 2.92±0.35 7.57±0.38 3.67±0.80 5.53±1.27 给药量 血糖上升百分数
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 100.0 308.4±85.0 138.0±35.6 323.1±85.2 化合物组 0.3 100.0 262.0±26.4 125.9±22.0 193.2±53.3
(4) 给药 72h
给药量 绝对血糖值
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 2.88±0.48 8.47±0.88 4.78±1.26 9.60±1.44 化合物组 0.3 2.93士0.64 7.33±0.52 3.17±0.63 6.82士 2.71 给药量 血糖上升百分数
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 100.0 299.0±47,6 168.4±46.6 341.7±79.5 化合物组 0.3 100.0 258.6±51.3 111.0±29.8 234.0±91.2
(5 ) 给药 90h
给药量 绝对血糖值
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 3.03±0.65 9.15±1.04 ' 3.10±0.09 13.43±1.53 化合物组 0.3 2.92±0.50 7.80±0.46 3.55±0.47 8.78±0.88 给药量 血糖上升百分数
组别
(mg/kg) 0时血糖 非禁食血糖 禁食后血糖 糖耐 30min
Vehicle 100.0 315.5士79.1 105.5±19.2 462.3±120.2 化合物组 0.3 100.0 276.6±65.5 123.7士 19.8 307.8±54.8 由上述实验数据可以看出: 化合物组有显著的长效降糖活性, 在小鼠体内能维持降糖 活性至给药后 90h。
本发明提供的化合物, 其血浆半衰期达 30小时以上, 而 GLP-1的血浆半衰期分别为 1
〜2分钟。
上述实施例仅为充分说明本发明而列举的具体实施例, 本发明的保护范围以权利要求 书的内容为准, 而不限于上述具体实施方式。 本领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的不 脱离本发明实质内容的等同替代或变换, 亦均在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 结构式 I所示的化合物, 以及
Figure imgf000014_0001
结构式 I
该化合 所成的可药用的盐、 溶剂化物、 螯合物或非共价复合物, 基于该化合物基础 上的药物前体, 或上述形式的任意混合物,
式中, X选自甘氨酸或甘氨酰胺。
2. 一种药物组合物,其特征在于: 包含至少一种有效治疗量的权利要求 1所述的化合 物和至少一种可药用的辅料。
3. 权利要求 2所述的药物组合物在制药中的应用。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的应用, 其特征在于:所述药物组合物在制备治疗下述至少一 种疾病的药物中的应用, 所述疾病包括 II型糖尿病、 糖耐量受损、 I型糖尿病、 肥胖、 高血 压、 代谢综合征、 血脂异常、 认知障碍、 动脉粥样硬化、 心肌梗塞、 冠状动脉心脏病、 心 血管疾病、 中风、 炎性肠道综合征和 /或消化不良或胃溃疡。
5. 根据权利要求 3所述的应用, 其特征在于: 所述药物组合物在制备治疗 II型糖尿 病药效延迟和 /或预防 II型糖尿病恶化的药物中的应用。
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的应用,其特征在于:所述药物组合物在制备减少食物摄入量、 减少 β细胞凋亡、 增加胰岛 β细胞功能、 增加 β-细胞团和 /或恢复葡萄糖对 β-细胞的敏感性 的药物中的应用。
7. 权利要求 1所述的化合物用于制备治疗包括 II型糖尿病、糖耐量受损、 I型糖尿病、 肥胖、 高血压、 代谢综合征、 血脂异常、 认知障碍、 动脉粥样硬化、 心肌梗塞、.冠状动脉 心脏病、.心血管疾病、 中风、 炎性肠道综合征、 消化不良和 /或胃溃疡的药物的应用。
8. 权利要求 1所述的化合物用于制备治疗 II型糖尿病药效延迟和 /或预防 II型糖尿病 恶化的药物中的应用。
9. 权利要求 1所述的化合物用于制备治疗减少食物摄入量、减少 β细胞凋亡、增加胰 岛 β细胞功能、 增加 β-细胞团和 /或恢复葡萄糖对 β-细胞的敏感性的药物中的应用。
10. 对治疗对象施用权利要求 1所述的化合物以调节体内血糖的方法。
PCT/CN2011/000764 2010-04-27 2011-04-29 胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物及其应用 WO2011134284A1 (zh)

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