WO2011132930A2 - 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011132930A2 WO2011132930A2 PCT/KR2011/002828 KR2011002828W WO2011132930A2 WO 2011132930 A2 WO2011132930 A2 WO 2011132930A2 KR 2011002828 W KR2011002828 W KR 2011002828W WO 2011132930 A2 WO2011132930 A2 WO 2011132930A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- iron phosphate
- olivine
- lithium iron
- particles
- type lithium
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 32
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 title 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- -1 lithium metals Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009817 primary granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910006097 Li(Mn, Fe)PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012722 Li3N-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012716 Li3N-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012734 Li3N—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013043 Li3PO4-Li2S-SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013035 Li3PO4-Li2S—SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012810 Li3PO4—Li2S-SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012797 Li3PO4—Li2S—SiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012047 Li4SiO4-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012075 Li4SiO4-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012057 Li4SiO4—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015044 LiB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013275 LiMPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012573 LiSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012346 LiSiO4-LiI-LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012345 LiSiO4-LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012348 LiSiO4—LiI—LiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].BCl Chemical compound [Li].BCl BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWZTTZUKDVJDCM-CEJAUHOTSA-M disodium;(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2s,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 FWZTTZUKDVJDCM-CEJAUHOTSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002409 silicon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003836 solid-state method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015041 whisky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/37—Phosphates of heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/455—Phosphates containing halogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/12—Bikes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/30—Trolleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention also provides lithium iron phosphate particles forming secondary particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of 5 to 100 ⁇ m in which the primary particles are aggregated.
- D50 average particle diameter
- the shape of the secondary particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably spherical in consideration of the tap density.
- FIG. 1 is enlarged photographs of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged photograph of the portion “B” of FIG. 4 (rotated 90 degrees to the left);
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
- 올리빈 결정구조의 리튬 철인산화물로서, 상기 결정은 격자 구조 측면에서 Li+ 확산 방향이 [010] 방향일 때, [001] 방향의 길이는 상기 [010] 방향의 길이보다 긴 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 [001] 방향은 입자의 성장 방향인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 [001] 방향의 길이는 [010] 방향의 길이의 2배 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 3 항에 있어서, 상기 [001] 방향의 길이는 [010] 방향의 길이의 2배 내지 50배의 범위 내에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 결정의 (001)면의 형상이 원형 내지 타원형인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 입자는 거시적 모폴로지(macro morphology)에서 막대(rod) 구조로 이루어져 있고, [001] 방향에서 소정의 각도로 꺾여있는 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 입자는 20 내지 50도의 각도로 꺾여 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물은 하기 화학식 1의 조성을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물:Li1+aFe1-bMb(PO4-c)Xc (1)상기 식에서,M은 Al, Mg 및 Ti 중에서 선택된 1종 이상이고,X는 F, S 및 N 중에서 선택된 1종 이상이며,-0.5≤a≤+0.5, 0≤b≤0.5, 0≤c≤0.1이다.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물은 짧은 반응 시간의 급속반응에 의해 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 상기 급속 반응의 반응 시간은 0.5초 내지 1 분의 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 9 항에 있어서, 상기 급속 반응은 연속식 초임계 수열법에 의해 진행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 하나에 따른 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물의 1차 입자들이 응집되어 평균입경 5 내지 100 ㎛과 15 내지 40%의 공극률을 가진 2차 입자를 이루고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물 입자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 2차 입자 내에 존재하는 기공의 크기가 300 내지 600 nm인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물 입자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 1차 입자들이 물리적 결합에 의해 응집되어 2차 입자를 이루고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물 입자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 1차 입자의 평균 입경이 100 내지 300 nm이고, 상기 2차 입자의 평균 입경이 5 내지 40 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물 입자.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 2차 입자의 형상이 구형인 것을 특징으로 하는 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물 입자.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 올리빈형 리튬 철인산화물을 양극 활물질로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 양극 합제.
- 제 17 항에 따른 이차전지용 양극 합제가 집전체상에 도포되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 양극.
- 제 18 항에 따른 이차전지용 양극을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제 21 항에 따른 리튬 이차전지를 단위전지로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 중대형 전지팩.
- 제 20 항에 있어서 상기 중대형 전지팩은 파워 툴(power tool), 전기차, 전기 이륜차, 또는 전기 골프 카트(electric golf cart)의 전원으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지팩.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180018738.5A CN102834957B (zh) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-04-20 | 二次电池用正极活性材料和包含所述正极活性材料的锂二次电池 |
EP11772218.1A EP2562856B1 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-04-20 | Anode active material for secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
JP2013506075A JP5676747B2 (ja) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-04-20 | 二次電池のためのカソード活物質およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
PL11772218T PL2562856T3 (pl) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-04-20 | Materiał aktywny anody dla akumulatora i zawierający go akumulator litowy |
US13/611,408 US9065135B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2012-09-12 | Cathode active material for secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20100036766A KR101392816B1 (ko) | 2010-04-21 | 2010-04-21 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
KR10-2010-0036766 | 2010-04-21 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/611,408 Continuation US9065135B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2012-09-12 | Cathode active material for secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011132930A2 true WO2011132930A2 (ko) | 2011-10-27 |
WO2011132930A3 WO2011132930A3 (ko) | 2012-03-01 |
Family
ID=44834637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2011/002828 WO2011132930A2 (ko) | 2010-04-21 | 2011-04-20 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9065135B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2562856B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5676747B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101392816B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN102834957B (ko) |
PL (1) | PL2562856T3 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2011132930A2 (ko) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017092046A (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2017-05-25 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池 |
US10421664B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2019-09-24 | Sk Innovation Co., Ltd. | Lithium composite phosphate-based compound and preparation method therefor |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013055000A (ja) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-21 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | リチウム二次電池正極材料用リチウム遷移金属系化合物粉体及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いたリチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
KR101345259B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-12-27 | 한화케미칼 주식회사 | 이중관식 열교환기를 사용한 전극 활물질의 제조 |
US20140011075A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-09 | Precursor Energetics, Inc, | Nickel and lithium-containing molecular precursors for battery cathode materials |
KR101457575B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-11-03 | 한화케미칼 주식회사 | 수열합성법을 이용한 전극재료의 제조방법 |
EP2874226B1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2016-10-12 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Lithium secondary battery |
KR101561378B1 (ko) | 2013-01-10 | 2015-10-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 탄소 코팅 리튬 인산철 나노분말 제조방법 |
KR101561376B1 (ko) | 2013-01-10 | 2015-10-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 인산철 나노분말 제조방법 |
KR101561374B1 (ko) | 2013-01-10 | 2015-10-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 인산철 나노분말 제조방법 |
EP2778126A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | Clariant International Ltd. | Lithium transition metal phosphate secondary agglomerates and process for its manufacture |
EP2778127A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | Clariant International Ltd. | Lithium transition metal phosphate secondary agglomerates and process for its manufacture |
KR102006207B1 (ko) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-08-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
WO2017095139A1 (ko) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
US20180013151A1 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material, power storage device, electronic device, and method for manufacturing positive electrode active material |
EP3290254A1 (de) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bidirektionaler bordnetzumrichter und verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
KR20180027896A (ko) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
CN109888282A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-14 | 骆驼集团武汉光谷研发中心有限公司 | 一种磷酸铁锂正极材料及其制备方法 |
WO2024038136A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-22 | Integrals Power | Improved cathode material for secondary lithium batteries |
CN115295799A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉亿纬储能有限公司 | 正极活性材料、磷酸铁锂厚电极及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001110414A (ja) | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-20 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | リチウム二次電池正極活物質およびリチウム二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004055366A (ja) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-02-19 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | コードレスランプ |
JP2004095386A (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | リチウムイオン電池用正極材料の製造方法およびリチウムイオン電池 |
JP4401833B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-23 | 2010-01-20 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | リチウム電池用正極活物質の製造方法とリチウム電池用正極活物質及びリチウム電池用電極並びにリチウム電池 |
JP4794833B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-21 | 2011-10-19 | 日本コークス工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極材料、その製造方法、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR101100198B1 (ko) | 2005-04-11 | 2011-12-28 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 멀티모드 단말에서의 초기 설정 및 링크 설정 방법 |
EP1722428A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-15 | Süd-Chemie Ag | Lithium secondary battery and electrodes for use therein |
JP4213688B2 (ja) | 2005-07-07 | 2009-01-21 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池及び電池パック |
WO2007094644A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Preparation method of lithium-metal composite oxides |
CN101506094B (zh) * | 2006-08-21 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 制备锂金属磷酸盐的方法 |
JP2008311224A (ja) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-25 | Advanced Lithium Eletrochemistry Co Ltd | 電気化学的酸化還元反応で用いる組成、電極、電気化学電池、および電気化学的酸化還元反応で用いる組成を準備する過程 |
US8168329B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2012-05-01 | Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry Co., Ltd. | Electrochemical composition and associated technology |
US20090117020A1 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-07 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Rapid microwave-solvothermal synthesis and surface modification of nanostructured phospho-olivine cathodes for lithium ion batteries |
EP2065887A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-03 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. | Method for manufacturing magnetic disk unit |
TWI369019B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2012-07-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Cathodal materials for lithium cells, methods for fabricating the same, and lithium secondary cells using the same |
JP2011076820A (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-14 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | リチウム二次電池及びリチウム二次電池用正極 |
-
2010
- 2010-04-21 KR KR20100036766A patent/KR101392816B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2011
- 2011-04-20 EP EP11772218.1A patent/EP2562856B1/en active Active
- 2011-04-20 WO PCT/KR2011/002828 patent/WO2011132930A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-04-20 JP JP2013506075A patent/JP5676747B2/ja active Active
- 2011-04-20 CN CN201180018738.5A patent/CN102834957B/zh active Active
- 2011-04-20 PL PL11772218T patent/PL2562856T3/pl unknown
-
2012
- 2012-09-12 US US13/611,408 patent/US9065135B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001110414A (ja) | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-20 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | リチウム二次電池正極活物質およびリチウム二次電池 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017092046A (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2017-05-25 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池 |
US10421664B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2019-09-24 | Sk Innovation Co., Ltd. | Lithium composite phosphate-based compound and preparation method therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110117359A (ko) | 2011-10-27 |
KR101392816B1 (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
EP2562856A4 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
PL2562856T3 (pl) | 2019-05-31 |
US9065135B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
EP2562856A2 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
JP2013525974A (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
EP2562856B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
WO2011132930A3 (ko) | 2012-03-01 |
JP5676747B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
CN102834957A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
US20130202946A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
CN102834957B (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2011132930A2 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2010047524A2 (ko) | 올리빈 구조의 리튬 철인산화물 및 이의 제조방법 | |
WO2010047525A2 (ko) | 올리빈 구조의 리튬 철인산화물 및 이의 분석 방법 | |
WO2011132931A2 (ko) | 탄소가 코팅된 올리빈 결정구조의 리튬 철인산화물 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2011132961A2 (ko) | 올리빈 결정구조의 리튬 철인산화물 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2014021626A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2011105833A9 (ko) | 출력 향상을 위한 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2013162086A1 (ko) | 출력 향상을 위한 리튬이차전지 복합 전극용 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 | |
WO2011132959A2 (ko) | 탄소가 코팅된 올리빈 결정구조의 리튬 철인산화물 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2010047552A2 (ko) | 전극 효율 및 에너지 밀도 특성이 개선된 양극 활물질 | |
WO2010101396A2 (ko) | 고에너지밀도의 양극 재료 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2012033389A2 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2011132965A2 (ko) | 설파이드 결합의 황 화합물을 포함하고 있는 리튬 철인산화물 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2012111951A2 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 합제 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
KR20150015086A (ko) | 젖음성이 향상된 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2012036474A2 (ko) | 양극 활물질 및 이를 이용한 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR101377139B1 (ko) | 올리빈 결정구조의 리튬 철인산화물을 제조하는 방법 | |
WO2014081221A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2015026108A1 (ko) | 리튬 복합 전이금속 산화물 제조용 전구체, 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 리튬 복합 전이금속 산화물 | |
WO2018004250A1 (ko) | 도핑 원소를 가진 고전압용 리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 제조하는 방법 | |
KR101580486B1 (ko) | 젖음성이 향상된 이차전지용 음극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
KR101471417B1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법 및 그로부터 제조되는 양극 활물질 | |
WO2014081222A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2016153239A1 (ko) | 고전압 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201180018738.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11772218 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011772218 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013506075 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |