WO2011126104A1 - 複合体 - Google Patents
複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011126104A1 WO2011126104A1 PCT/JP2011/058865 JP2011058865W WO2011126104A1 WO 2011126104 A1 WO2011126104 A1 WO 2011126104A1 JP 2011058865 W JP2011058865 W JP 2011058865W WO 2011126104 A1 WO2011126104 A1 WO 2011126104A1
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite formed by firmly bonding a cBN sintered body (cubic boron nitride sintered body) and a hard alloy.
- the cBN sintered body is a material which is very hard and high in thermal conductivity, and is used for cutting tools and the like taking advantage of its features.
- the cBN sintered body is very expensive because a large scale ultrahigh pressure high temperature generator is required to produce the cBN sintered body. Therefore, a cBN tool in which a cBN sintered body is brazed only to a portion involved in cutting of a cemented carbide base has been used.
- there is a problem in joining strength by brazing and there is a problem that sufficient strength can not be obtained particularly in cutting where strength at high temperature is required.
- plasma is interposed with titanium foil interposed between the base material of cemented carbide or tool steel and the cutting edge of high hardness hard alloy.
- a cutting tool characterized by being integrally sintered and formed by a discharge sintering method (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a film of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m of Ti is formed on the bonding surface of a pair of cubic boron nitride sintered bodies, and then a film of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m of Cu is formed, and then a thickness of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m Ag, Cu and In are obtained by sandwiching a ternary alloy foil consisting of Ag, Cu and In between the bonding surfaces of the cubic boron nitride sintered body in a vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere.
- a bonding method of a cubic boron nitride sintered body characterized by heating to the temperature of the melting point or more and 750 degrees or less of the ternary alloy consisting of (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- these bonding methods have a problem that the bonding strength between the cBN sintered body and the substrate is low because the intermediate layer made of metal foil is thick.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a composite in which a cBN sintered body and a hard alloy are firmly joined.
- the inventors conducted research on joining cBN sintered body and hard alloy, and when forming a joining layer made of metal having a thickness of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m between cBN sintered body and hard alloy, cBN It has been found that the sintered body and the hard alloy are firmly joined. That is, the composite of the present invention is characterized by comprising a cBN sintered body, a hard alloy and a bonding layer between them, and the bonding layer is made of a metal having a thickness of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the hard alloy of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a hard alloy used as a cutting tool, and, for example, carbides, nitrides of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and nitrides thereof Hard phase consisting of at least one selected from the group consisting of mutual solid solution: 50 to 97% by mass and metal phase consisting mainly of at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Fe: 3 to 50 The hard alloy which consists of mass% is mentioned.
- the hard phase of the hard alloy of the present invention include WC, TiC, TiN, Ti (C, N), (Ti, Nb) (C, N), (Ti, W, Ta) (C, N) , (Ti, W, Nb, Zr) (C, N), (Ti, W, Mo, Nb) (C, N), ZrC, ZrN, Zr (C, N), NbC, Mo 2 C, (Ta , Nb) (C, N), (Ta, Nb, Hf) (C, N), (W, Nb) (C, N), (W, Mo) (C, N), (W, Mo, Nb) C) and (W, Ta, Mo) (C, N) etc.
- the metal phase of the hard alloy of the present invention is a metal mainly comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Fe.
- the metal phase of the hard alloy of the present invention comprises 70 to 100% by mass with respect to the entire metal phase, at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Fe, but in addition to the main components Co, Ni and Fe
- At least one selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, C and N may be contained in an amount of 0 to 30% by mass with respect to the entire metal phase.
- the cBN sintered body of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a cBN sintered body used as a cutting tool, and examples thereof include a sintered body containing 20 to 100% by mass of cBN (cubic silicon nitride), Group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Co, Ni and Al metals, carbides, nitrides, borides and oxides and their mutual solid solutions as the remainder other than cBN
- the bonded phase consisting of at least one selected from the group consisting of 0 to 80% by mass may be included.
- binder phase of the cBN sintered body of the present invention TiN, Ti (C, N ), TiC, TiB 2, TiBN, TiAlN, Ti 2 AlN, AlN, AlB 2, Al 2 O 3, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 3 C 2, Mo 2 C, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN, TaN, CrN, WC, WB, W 2 B, CoWB, W 2 Co 21 B 6, Co 3 W 3
- C, W, Co, Ni, etc. can be mentioned, it is not limited to these.
- the bonding layer of the present invention is made of a metal having a thickness of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the bonding layer is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, stable bonding strength can not be obtained, and if the thickness of the bonding layer is more than 5 ⁇ m, the bonding strength is reduced, the thickness is 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m. It is metal. Among these, a thickness of 1 to 3 ⁇ m is preferable.
- the bonding layer of the present invention contains 30 to 100% by mass, with respect to the whole bonding layer, of at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Fe, with the balance being Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta
- the strength of the bonding layer itself is increased if it is a metal containing 0 to 70% by mass with respect to the whole bonding layer, of at least one selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo, W, Al, C, B and N with respect to the whole bonding layer. It is further preferable because the bonding strength is improved.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni and Fe is contained in an amount of 70 to 100% by mass with respect to the entire bonding layer, and the balance is Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, More preferably, it is a metal containing 0 to 30% by mass with respect to the entire bonding layer, of at least one selected from the group consisting of W, Al, C, B and N.
- the bonding layer of the present invention is preferably formed as uniformly as possible with respect to the bonding interface.
- the cBN sintered body and hard alloy are mirror-polished separately, degreased and washed sufficiently with an organic solvent such as acetone, and then using a device such as a hot press, a load of 0.5 kgf / cm 2 or more is applied.
- the mixture is kept in vacuum at 1100-1250 ° C. for 30-150 minutes and then cooled.
- the metal phase in the hard alloy is leached to the bonding interface between the hard alloy and the cBN sintered body to form a bonding layer.
- the pressure is higher than 1000 kgf / cm 2 , the hard alloy plastically deforms and the shape change becomes too large.
- the component of the cBN sintered body is solid-solved in this bonding layer.
- the component of the cBN sintered body diffuses into the hard alloy through the bonding layer, and the component of the hard alloy diffuses into the cBN sintered body, which enables firm bonding.
- the bonding temperature at bonding is preferably 1100 ° C. to 1250 ° C., and the holding time is preferably 30 to 150 minutes, and more preferably, the bonding temperature is 1150 ° C. to 1250 ° C., and the holding time is 60 to 120 minutes.
- the apparatus for joining is not limited to the above-mentioned hot press, and any apparatus capable of raising the temperature in vacuum or in an inert gas may be used. It is preferable to apply a load to fix the hard alloy and the cBN sintered body, but the temperature is raised by fixing the hard alloy and the cBN sintered body with a jig or the like before the temperature is raised to produce the composite of the present invention Is also preferred. In addition, when the temperature is increased by applying a high load by a hot press or the like, the hard alloy plastically deforms into extremely small pieces and the degree of adhesion with the cBN sintered body increases, and as a result, it is possible to join at low temperature and in a short time. It is more preferable because
- the wear resistance can be further improved.
- the composites of the present invention can be coated at higher temperatures than brazed conventional cBN tools, so the coated composites of the present invention can be coated and composited more than conventional coated cBN sintered bodies.
- the adhesion of can be increased.
- the film in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides, oxides and borides of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al and Si and their mutual solid solutions. It consists of at least one kind.
- the film of the present invention include TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, TiSiN, AlCrN and Al 2 O 3 .
- the film is preferably composed of a single layer or a laminate of two or more layers, and is preferably an alternate laminate film in which thin layers having different thicknesses of 5 to 200 nm are alternately laminated. If the total film thickness of the entire film is an average film thickness less than 0.3 ⁇ m, the effect of improving the wear resistance is small, and if it exceeds 25 ⁇ m, the chipping resistance tends to decrease.
- the total film thickness is preferably 0.3 to 25 ⁇ m in average film thickness.
- the film can be coated by a conventional CVD method or PVD method.
- the composite of the present invention exhibits high cutting performance when used as a cutting tool because the bonding strength between the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy is high.
- Specific examples of the cutting tool include turning tools, milling tools, drills, end mills and the like.
- the cutting tool composite of the present invention can be used even under severe use conditions where the bonding strength of brazing is a problem, and the cutting tool composite of the present invention exhibits excellent cutting performance.
- the coated composite of the present invention has a high bonding strength between the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy and a high adhesion between the coating and the composite, so the coated composite for cutting tool exhibits excellent cutting performance.
- the composite of the present invention has an effect that the bonding strength between the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy is high.
- the coated composite of the present invention has an effect that the bonding strength between the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy is high, and the adhesion between the film and the composite is high.
- a disk-shaped cBN sintered body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm having the composition shown in Table 1 and a disk-shaped hard alloy having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 3.0 mm having the composition shown in Table 2 were prepared.
- the surfaces to be bonded for all the samples were mirror-polished using diamond abrasive or the like, and then ultrasonic cleaning was performed in acetone for 10 minutes. Thereafter, using a hot press apparatus, the surface to be joined of the cBN sintered body and the surface to be joined of the hard alloy are superposed, and while applying the load shown in Table 3, the joining temperature shown in Table 3 from room temperature in vacuum. The temperature was raised up and held at the bonding pressure, bonding temperature and holding time shown in Table 3, and then cooled. After cooling, the load was reduced to obtain a composite in which the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy were joined.
- a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4.5 mm test piece for composition analysis and a 15 ⁇ 15 ⁇ 4.5 mm shear test piece were cut out by wire cutting.
- the thickness of the bonding layer was measured using SEM, and the composition of the bonding layer was analyzed by EDS.
- the shear test was performed using a universal tester, fixing the hard alloy side, applying a load from the upper side near the interface on the cBN sintered body side, and measuring the shear strength.
- the thickness, composition and shear strength of the bonding layer of each sample are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative product 1 was hardly bonded because the bonding temperature was low and the bonding layer was not sufficiently formed.
- the comparative product 2 had a long holding time, the bonding layer became too thick, and the shear strength decreased.
- cBN in the cBN sintered body phase-transformed to hBN because of the joining at a high temperature of 1350 ° C., and the shear strength decreased.
- the comparative product 3 was too thin for the bonding layer to be able to analyze the composition of the bonding layer. Similar to Comparative Product 1, Comparative Product 3 was hardly able to be bonded because the bonding temperature was low and the bonding layer was not sufficiently formed.
- the comparative product 4 had the same bonding layer as in the comparative product 2 and the shear strength decreased. Further, in Comparative Product 4, the amount of Co in the bonding layer was small, the strength of the bonding layer itself was reduced, and the shear strength was reduced.
- the comparative products 5 and 8 had high joining temperature like the comparative product 2, cBN phase-transformed to hBN, and shear strength fell.
- the comparative product 6 had a long bonding time and a large bonding layer thickness, so the shear strength decreased.
- the comparative product 7 had a high bonding pressure, and the hard alloy could not be bonded due to plastic deformation during bonding.
- the surface to be joined between the cBN sintered body and the cemented carbide was mirror-polished using diamond abrasives or the like, and then ultrasonic cleaning was performed in acetone for 10 minutes.
- the surface to which the cBN sintered body is to be bonded and the surface to which the hard alloy is to be bonded are superposed, and a load of 1 kgf / cm 2 is applied under vacuum so that the position of the sample is not shifted.
- the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1250.degree. C., held at a bonding temperature of 1250.degree. C. for 60 minutes, and then cooled. After cooling, the load was reduced to obtain a composite in which the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy were joined.
- the obtained composite was cut out by wire cutting, and a grinding tool was used to produce a tool 1 processed into an ISO standard CNGA 120408 shaped cutting insert (this invention's product 1 equivalent).
- the tool 2 which coated the Ti (C, N) film
- a disc-shaped cBN sintered body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, which has a composition of 60 mass% cBN-40 mass% binder phase (composition of binder phase: TiN, Al 2 O 3 , AlN)
- composition of binder phase TiN, Al 2 O 3 , AlN
- it was cut out into a 3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1.5 mm shape, brazed to a cemented carbide substrate in the same manner as a conventional cBN tool, and processed into an ISO standard CNGA 120408 shape cutting insert to obtain a tool 3.
- Interrupted hardened steel cutting was performed using tools 1, 2 and 3.
- the tool 3 was largely lost from the brazed portion in 8 minutes of cutting time.
- the tool 1 was machineable until the cutting time was 15 minutes, flaking occurred in the cBN sintered body in the cutting time of 15 minutes. However, the tool 1 did not peel off at the joint surface of the cBN sintered body and the hard alloy.
- the tool 1 has a high bonding strength, exhibits excellent performance as a cutting tool, and can extend the tool life. With the tool 2 in which the surface of the tool 1 was coated, the tool life could be further extended. On the other hand, the tool 3 was broken from the brazed portion at the early stage of cutting.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- cBN焼結体と、硬質合金と、cBN焼結体と硬質合金との間にある接合層とからなり、接合層が、厚さ0.1~5μmの金属から成ることを特徴とする複合体。
- 接合層は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択される少なくとも1種を30~100質量%含有する金属である請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 接合層は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を接合層全体に対して30~100質量%含有し、Co、NiおよびFe以外に残部としてTi、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Al、C、BおよびNから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を接合層全体に対して0~70質量%含有する金属である請求項2に記載の複合体。
- 接合層は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択される少なくとも1種を70~100質量%含有する金属である請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 接合層は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を接合層全体に対して70~100質量%含有し、Co、Ni、Fe以外に残部としてTi、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Al、C、BおよびNから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を接合層全体に対して0~30質量%含有する金属である請求項4に記載の複合体。
- cBN焼結体はcBNを20~100質量%含むcBN焼結体である請求項1に記載の複合体。
- cBN焼結体は、cBNを20~100質量%含み、cBN以外の残部として、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Co、NiおよびAlの金属、炭化物、窒化物、硼化物および酸化物ならびにこれらの相互固溶体から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなる結合相を0~80質量%の量で含むcBN焼結体である請求項6に記載の複合体。
- cBN焼結体の結合相は、TiN、Ti(C,N)、TiC、TiB2、TiBN、TiAlN、Ti2AlN、AlN、AlB2、Al2O3、ZrC、HfC、VC、NbC、TaC、Cr3C2、Mo2C、ZrN、HfN、VN、NbN、TaN、CrN、WC、WB、W2B、CoWB、W2Co21B6、Co3W3C、W、CoおよびNiから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなる結合相である請求項7に記載の複合体。
- 硬質合金は、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、MoおよびWの炭化物および窒化物ならびにこれらの相互固溶体から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなる硬質相:50~97質量%と、残部として、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を主成分とする金属相:3~50質量%とからなる硬質合金である請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 硬質合金の硬質相は、WC、TiC、TiN、Ti(C,N)、(Ti,Nb)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Ta)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Nb,Zr)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)、ZrC、ZrN、Zr(C,N)、NbC、Mo2C、(Ta,Nb)(C,N)、(Ta,Nb,Hf)(C,N)、(W,Nb)(C,N)、(W,Mo)(C,N)、(W,Mo,Nb)Cおよび(W,Ta,Mo)(C,N)から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなる硬質相である請求項9に記載の複合体。
- 硬質合金の金属相は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を金属相全体に対して70~100質量%含み、Co、NiおよびFe以外にTi、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、CおよびNから成る群より選択される少なくとも1種を金属相全体に対して0~30質量%の量で含む金属相である請求項9に記載の複合体。
- 硬質合金の硬質相は、WC、TiC、TiN、Ti(C,N)、(Ti,Nb)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Ta)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Nb,Zr)(C,N)、(Ti,W,Mo,Nb)(C,N)、ZrC、ZrN、Zr(C,N)、NbC、Mo2C、(Ta,Nb)(C,N)、(Ta,Nb,Hf)(C,N)、(W,Nb)(C,N)、(W,Mo)(C,N)、(W,Mo,Nb)Cおよび(W,Ta,Mo)(C,N)から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなる硬質相であり、硬質合金の金属相は、Co、NiおよびFeから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種を金属相全体に対して70~100質量%以上含み、Co、NiおよびFe以外にTi、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、CおよびNから成る群より選択される少なくとも1種を金属相全体に対して0~30質量%の量で含む金属相である請求項9に記載の複合体。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の複合体の表面に被膜を被覆した被覆複合体。
- 被膜は、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、AlおよびSiの炭化物、窒化物、酸化物および硼化物ならびにこれらの相互固溶体から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなり、被膜全体の総膜厚は平均膜厚で0.3~25μmである請求項13に記載の被覆複合体。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の複合体を切削工具として用いる切削工具用複合体。
- 請求項13または14に記載の被覆複合体を切削工具として用いる切削工具用被覆複合体。
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2012509710A JP5678955B2 (ja) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | 複合体 |
EP11766004A EP2556908A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Composite body |
US13/639,478 US20130029175A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Composite Material |
CN201180017978.3A CN102834210A (zh) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | 复合体 |
KR1020127026837A KR20130004337A (ko) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | 복합체 |
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PCT/JP2011/058865 WO2011126104A1 (ja) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | 複合体 |
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US (1) | US20130029175A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2556908A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5678955B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20130004337A (ja) |
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EP2835195A4 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2015-12-16 | Sumitomo Elec Hardmetal Corp | TOOL WITH SINTERED DICE BORONITRIDE |
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WO2016085843A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | Corning Incorporated | Composite ceramic composition and method of forming same |
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US11421306B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-08-23 | Kyocera Corporation | Cemented carbide, coated tool, and cutting tool |
CN116987943A (zh) * | 2018-09-19 | 2023-11-03 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 立方氮化硼烧结体以及包括该立方氮化硼烧结体的切削工具 |
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JP2023507830A (ja) * | 2019-12-23 | 2023-02-27 | ダイヤモンド イノヴェーションズ インコーポレイテッド | 立方晶窒化ホウ素ベースの複合材及びその製造方法 |
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TW202130604A (zh) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-16 | 美商戴蒙創新公司 | 由不含鈦基神經醯胺之立方氮化硼所形成之複合物及其製造方法 |
CN114293084A (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 四川伽锐科技有限公司 | 一种多晶立方氮化硼复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN114394839B (zh) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-01-13 | 山东大学 | 一种氮化碳基复合陶瓷刀具材料、其制备方法与切削刀具 |
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- 2011-04-08 JP JP2012509710A patent/JP5678955B2/ja active Active
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US20130029175A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CN102834210A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
KR20130004337A (ko) | 2013-01-09 |
JPWO2011126104A1 (ja) | 2013-07-11 |
EP2556908A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
JP5678955B2 (ja) | 2015-03-04 |
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