WO2011122535A1 - 竪型シャフト炉、フェロコークス製造設備、及びフェロコークスの製造方法 - Google Patents
竪型シャフト炉、フェロコークス製造設備、及びフェロコークスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011122535A1 WO2011122535A1 PCT/JP2011/057559 JP2011057559W WO2011122535A1 WO 2011122535 A1 WO2011122535 A1 WO 2011122535A1 JP 2011057559 W JP2011057559 W JP 2011057559W WO 2011122535 A1 WO2011122535 A1 WO 2011122535A1
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- gas
- furnace
- coke
- temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
- C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B15/00—Other processes for the manufacture of iron from iron compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vertical shaft furnace for continuously producing a target product by burning, gasifying, dry distillation or reducing the charge charged from the top of the furnace, and a ferro-coke provided with the vertical shaft furnace.
- the present invention relates to a ferro-coke manufacturing facility to be manufactured and a ferro-coke manufacturing method using this facility.
- metallurgical coke produced by carbonizing coal in a coke oven is generally used.
- Metallurgical coke has a role of a spacer for improving ventilation in the blast furnace, a role as a reducing material, and a role as a heat source.
- a continuous molding coke manufacturing method has been developed as a coke manufacturing method related to a chamber furnace type coke manufacturing method.
- a vertical shaft furnace composed of chamotte bricks instead of silica brick is used as a carbonization furnace, and coal is molded into a predetermined size in the cold and then charged into the vertical shaft furnace. Then, the charcoal is dry-distilled by heating using a circulating heat medium gas to produce a molded coke.
- coke with the same strength as a normal chamber furnace coke oven can be produced even if a large amount of non-slightly caking coal with abundant resource reserves is available. Yes.
- the coal used has high caking properties, the coal is softened and fused in the shaft furnace, which makes it difficult to operate the shaft furnace and causes deterioration of coke quality such as deformation and cracking.
- Patent Document 1 As an example of a continuous molding coke manufacturing method, a method described in Patent Document 1 is known.
- a cooling chamber is provided directly connected to the carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, the top gas of the carbonization furnace is introduced into the lower part of the cooling chamber as a cooling gas, and most of the gas that has passed through the cooling chamber is placed in the upper part of the cooling chamber.
- the exhausted gas is supplied to the inlet of the middle part of the dry distillation furnace as the heating medium gas for heating.
- Patent Document 1 the gas that has passed through the red hot coke layer in the cooling chamber is sucked from the cooling chamber of the carbonization furnace by some means, the flow rate and temperature are adjusted, and the pressure required for blowing the tuyere at the low temperature carbonization chamber is reached. It is necessary to boost the pressure. Therefore, in order to perform this boosting with economical equipment, a part of the furnace top gas is boosted with a blower, and this is used as a driving gas to suck the cooling chamber outlet gas and supply the discharge gas to the low temperature dry distillation chamber tuyere. A method using an ejector has also been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 5 is a simplified view of FIG. 1 described in Patent Document 2.
- the continuous molding coke manufacturing method disclosed in Patent Document 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the agglomerated coal 101 is charged into the furnace from the top of the vertical shaft furnace 105 composed of the low temperature carbonization chamber 102, the high temperature carbonization chamber 103, and the cooling chamber 104, and the tuyere is moved down in the furnace. Dry distillation is performed using a heating medium gas introduced from 106 and 107. Further, the dry-coagulated agglomerated coal 101 is introduced from the cooling gas inlet 108, cooled by the cooling gas discharged from the outlet 109, and discharged from the lower part of the dry distillation furnace as the formed coke 110.
- the gas extracted from the top of the furnace is directly cooled by the cooler 111 and the indirect cooler 112, pressurized by a blower (not shown), partly led out of the system as recovered gas, and the rest as circulating gas inside the system. Circulate.
- a part of the circulating gas is introduced into the cooling chamber 104 from the cooling gas inlet 108 as a cooling gas.
- the remaining part of the circulating gas is introduced into the dry distillation furnace from the tuyere 107 as a high-temperature dry distillation heat medium gas that has been pressurized by a blower (not shown) and heated by the heating device 115.
- the remainder of the circulating gas is adjusted in its pressure, flow rate, and temperature by a blower and a heating device 117 (not shown) and guided to the ejector 118 as its driving gas.
- the ejector 118 sucks the cooling zone outlet gas from the discharge port 109, increases the pressure to the required pressure after mixing with the driving gas, and introduces it into the dry distillation furnace from the tuyere 106 as a heat medium gas for low temperature dry distillation.
- Non-Patent Document 1 As disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, as a method for producing ferro-coke, a molding step for agglomeration, and thereafter, the agglomerated molded product is dry-distilled in a normal chamber furnace type coke oven, What was equipped with the carbonization process which obtains a product was examined.
- Patent Document 2 uses a vertical shaft furnace when continuously producing molded coke, and does not produce ferro-coke.
- the vertical shaft furnace as disclosed in Patent Document 2 is composed of chamotte bricks instead of silica bricks, and therefore, even when used for ferro-coke manufacturing, It is thought that the problem like the usual room furnace type coke oven does not occur.
- the vertical shaft furnace disclosed by patent document 2 for example, which comprises a chamotte brick for a dry distillation process.
- various problems as shown below remain.
- Patent Document 2 since this high-temperature gas is reused by introducing it from the tuyere 106 into the low-temperature dry distillation chamber 102, heat loss may occur in the process. Energy saving is inevitable in the future steelmaking process, and it is not a good idea to generate heat loss because a design concept that minimizes the energy required for ferrocoke production is required.
- Patent Document 2 As described above, various problems remain in using the vertical shaft furnace disclosed in Patent Document 2 as a dry distillation furnace for ferro-coke production. Some of these issues are not only used as a dry distillation furnace in the production of ferro-coke, but also, for example, combustion / gasification furnaces that burn and gasify coal, waste and other charges, plastics, This is also common when used as a gasification furnace for gasifying biomass, a reduction furnace for reducing metal oxides, and a melting furnace for melting scraps.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vertical shaft furnace in which facilities are simplified and operating conditions are not complicated. Another object of the present invention is to provide a ferro-coke production facility and a ferro-coke that can simplify equipment and operation and reduce energy consumption when a vertical shaft furnace is used as a ferro-coke dry distillation furnace for metallurgy. It is in providing the manufacturing method of.
- the vertical shaft furnace continuously burns the object charged from the top of the furnace, gasifies, dry-distills or reduces the object product.
- a plurality of stages of hot gas blowing tuyere are provided in the furnace length direction. It is a feature.
- a ferro-coke manufacturing facility includes the vertical shaft furnace of the above-described invention, and the carbon-containing material and the iron-containing material are supplied from the top of the vertical shaft furnace.
- a ferro-coke is continuously produced as a product by charging a molded product.
- the ferro-coke manufacturing method in order to form a high temperature soaking zone of a predetermined length below the center position in the furnace length direction, A plurality of stages provided with a hot gas blowing tuyere for blowing hot gas, a cold gas blowing tuyere provided above the center position in the furnace length direction for blowing cold gas, and the hot gas blowing tuyere Ferro-coke using a vertical shaft furnace provided with a cooling gas blow-in tuyere for injecting cooling gas provided below the mouth and an in-furnace gas discharge port provided at the top of the furnace for discharging the in-furnace gas A carbon-containing material and an iron-containing material molded product are charged from the top of the furnace, and a low-temperature gas is blown from the low-temperature gas blowing tuyere to blow dry the molded product.
- the gas is blown from the tuyere at the high temperature gas blow, the cooling gas for cooling the ferro-coke as a product is blown from the tuyere, and the gas is discharged from the furnace gas discharge port at the top of the furnace. It is what.
- the vertical shaft furnace According to the vertical shaft furnace according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vertical shaft furnace whose facilities are simplified and whose operating conditions are not complicated. Further, according to the ferro-coke production facility and the ferro-coke production method according to the present invention, when a vertical shaft furnace is used as a ferro-coke dry distillation furnace for metallurgy, simplification of equipment and operation and reduction of energy consumption can be achieved. A ferro-coke manufacturing facility and a ferro-coke manufacturing method that can be provided can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the process leading to the present invention, and is a graph showing the temperature distribution of a molded product in a furnace by a one-dimensional mathematical model when a hot gas blowing tuyere is arranged in two stages. is there.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the circumstances leading to the present invention, and is a graph showing the temperature distribution of the molded product in the furnace by a one-dimensional mathematical model when the hot gas blowing tuyere is in one stage.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ferro-coke manufacturing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the ferro-coke production test apparatus used in the example of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the outline of the vertical shaft furnace disclosed in Patent Document 2. As shown in FIG.
- Iron oxide reduction in the ferro-coke production process includes direct reduction with solid carbon (see the following formula (1)), gas reduction with H 2 gas and CO gas generated from coal (see the following formulas (2) and (3) ).
- the direct reduction of formula (1) involves a large endothermic reaction.
- the temperature was raised while circulating N 2 to dry-distill the molded product of coal and iron ore, and the above-described reduction mode was analyzed from the exhaust gas composition.
- the ratio of direct reduction by C (formula (1)) increased rapidly and the endothermic amount during reduction increased. Therefore, in ferro-coke production, an operation design is required so as to compensate for an endothermic reaction in which the temperature of the molded product is 800 ° C. or higher.
- FIG. 1 shows the calculation results for the case of using the ferro-coke production facility of the present invention in which there is no cooling gas extraction tuyere and the hot gas blowing tuyere has two stages.
- FIG. 2 shows the calculation results for the case where there is no cooling gas extraction tuyere and only one stage of hot gas blowing tuyere.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the results of calculating gas conditions that satisfy the target temperature distribution such that the region where the molded product is 900 ° C. is 1 to 2 hours.
- A is a low temperature gas blowing tuyere position, and a gas at 600 ° C. is blown at 800 Nm 3 / t.
- B is a hot gas blowing tuyere position, and a gas of 990 ° C. is blown in at 950 Nm 3 / t.
- C is a tuyere position at which high temperature gas is blown, and 990 ° C. gas is blown in the same manner as B at 950 Nm 3 / t.
- D is a cooling gas blowing tuyere position, and gas of 35 ° C. is blown in 1987 Nm 3 / t.
- E is the position of the ferro-coke outlet.
- A is a low temperature gas blowing tuyere position, and a gas of 500 ° C. is blown at 1200 Nm 3 / t.
- B is a hot gas blowing tuyere position, and a gas of 980 ° C. is blown at 2400 Nm 3 / t.
- D is a cooling gas blowing tuyere position, and a gas of 35 ° C. is blown in 1983 Nm 3 / t.
- E is the position of the ferro-coke outlet.
- the amount of gas can be reduced and the pressure in the furnace can be kept low. It is.
- the present invention has been made based on the knowledge obtained from the experimental results as described above, and specifically comprises the following configuration.
- a ferro-coke is produced by continuously carbonizing a molded product of a carbon-containing material and an iron-containing material using a vertical shaft furnace to produce metallic iron in the coke.
- This ferro-coke production facility is composed of a zone below the stock line level (raw material charging standard level) below the gas outlet in the vertical shaft furnace divided into a low temperature dry distillation zone, a high temperature dry distillation zone, and a cooling zone. Is done.
- This ferro-coke production facility supplies heat medium gas from the lower part of the low-temperature carbonization zone, the middle and lower parts of the high-temperature carbonization zone, and the lower part of the cooling zone, and the gas in the furnace is discharged only from the top of the furnace. . In this way, this ferro-coke production facility has been simplified by eliminating the cooling gas extraction tuyere that was installed during the production of conventional molded coke.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of the ferro-coke manufacturing facility according to the present embodiment.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 used in the ferro-coke production facility according to the present embodiment performs dry distillation and reduction of a molded product in the dry distillation zone 5 including the low temperature dry distillation zone 5a and the high temperature dry distillation zone 5b in the shaft furnace main body 3,
- the ferro-coke is cooled in the cooling zone 7.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 has a low temperature gas blowing tuyere 9 at a position corresponding to the lower part of the low temperature carbonization zone 5a on the side of the shaft furnace main body 3.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 has high-temperature gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 at a position corresponding to the middle part and the lower part of the high-temperature carbonization zone 5b on the side of the shaft furnace body 3.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 has a cooling gas blowing tuyere 15 at a position corresponding to the lower part of the cooling zone 7 on the side of the shaft furnace body 3.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 has a molded product inlet 17 and an in-furnace gas discharge port 19 for discharging the in-furnace gas at the top of the shaft furnace body 3.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 has a ferro-coke discharge port 21 for discharging ferro-coke at the lower part of the shaft furnace body 3.
- a molded product charging device 23 for charging a charging material into the charging port 17 is installed above the shaft furnace body 3.
- a first circulating gas cooling device 25 and a second circulating gas cooling device 27 are connected to the exhaust gas pipe connected to the furnace gas discharge port 19.
- the low-temperature gas heating device 29 that performs low-temperature heating and the circulating gas cooled by the second circulating gas cooling device 27 are used as the high-temperature gas.
- a high-temperature gas heating device 31 for high-temperature heating is provided.
- the molded product charging device 23 charges a molded product generated from the carbon-containing material and the iron-containing material from the charging port 17 of the shaft furnace body 3.
- the charged molded product is carbonized in the carbonization zone 5 and then cooled in the cooling zone 7 and discharged as ferrocoke from the ferrocoke discharge port 21 at the lower part of the main body of the shaft furnace 3.
- the low temperature gas heating device 29 blows in a heating gas (low temperature gas) for dry distillation of the molded product from the low temperature gas blowing tuyere 9.
- a high temperature gas heating device 31 blows in a heating gas (high temperature gas) from the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 for dry distillation of the molded product.
- the high temperature gas blown from the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 is a gas having a higher temperature than the low temperature gas blown from the low temperature gas blowing tuyere 9.
- the hot gas blown from the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 is a gas having substantially the same temperature, thereby forming a high temperature soaking zone between the hot gas blowing tuyere in the furnace.
- the second circulating gas cooling device 27 blows cooling gas for cooling the ferro-coke from the cooling gas blowing tuyere 15.
- the blown-in gas is discharged only from the furnace gas discharge port at the top of the furnace.
- the cold gas blowing tuyere 9 is installed above the center position in the furnace length direction, and the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 and the cooling gas blowing tuyere 15 are installed below it.
- the high temperature gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 for forming the high temperature soaking zone 5c having a predetermined length in the height direction in the furnace is installed below the center position in the furnace length direction.
- the predetermined length of the high temperature soaking zone 5c formed between the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 is 8 to 33 of the length from the stock line level (raw material charging reference level) to the ferro-coke discharge port 21. % Is preferably set. If the length of the high temperature soaking zone 5c in the height direction is less than 8% of the furnace length, the heat required for dry distillation of coal and reduction of ore cannot be obtained, resulting in poor productivity.
- the low-temperature gas blown from the low-temperature gas blow-in tuyere 9 is a gas blown for adjusting the furnace top gas temperature and the temperature rise rate of the solid in the shaft furnace, and is preferably about 400 to 700 ° C.
- the hot gas blown from the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 is a gas blown for raising the temperature of the solid to the maximum temperature, and is preferably about 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the cooling gas blown from the cooling gas blowing tuyere 15 is a gas blown to cool the ferro-coke produced by dry distillation in the furnace, and is preferably about 25 to 80 ° C.
- the furnace gas discharged from the furnace gas outlet 19 at the top of the furnace is cooled by the first circulating gas cooling device 25 and the second circulating gas cooling device 27, and partly heated by the low temperature gas heating device 29.
- a part is heated by the high-temperature gas heating device 31 and blown into the furnace from the hot gas blow-in tuyere 11 and 13.
- the remaining portion is blown into the furnace through the cooling gas blowing tuyere 15.
- the vertical shaft furnace 1 having four-stage tuyere installed at different heights and having no gas discharge port other than the top of the furnace is used.
- Low temperature gas is blown from a low temperature gas blowing tuyere 9 installed in the lower part of the low temperature carbonization zone 5a.
- Hot gas is blown from the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 installed in the middle and lower part of the hot distillation zone 5b.
- Cooling gas is blown from a cooling gas blowing tuyere 15 installed in the lower part of the cooling zone 7.
- the ferro-coke is produced by continuously dry-distilling a molded product of the carbon-containing material and the iron-containing material.
- the discharge of the gas in the furnace is made only at the top of the furnace, so the gas extracted from the ejector and the gas from the top of the furnace are mixed as the heating medium gas for heating as shown in Patent Document 2 There is no need to do the complicated thing of returning it back into the shaft furnace.
- the flow of gas in the furnace is unidirectional from the lower part of the furnace to the upper part of the furnace, and the facility is simple, and there is no need to perform complicated operations such as adjusting the gas flow rate for adjusting the gas temperature of the cooling gas blowing tuyere 15.
- a high temperature soaking zone 5c is formed in the height direction between the hot gas blowing tuyere in the furnace, and in addition to coal dry distillation, iron oxide It can be said that this structure is suitable for the production of ferro-coke that also needs to be reduced.
- the high temperature gas heated by the high temperature gas heating device 31 is branched in the middle and supplied to each of the high temperature gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13. Therefore, the gas temperature supplied to each hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 becomes substantially the same, and the high temperature soaking zone 5c can be easily formed between the hot gas blowing tuyere in the furnace. Even if the gas of the same temperature is blown from the hot gas blown tuyere 11 and 13, the charge moves downward while receiving heat supply from above, and a reduction reaction of iron ore occurs. Therefore, the temperature in the lower part of the furnace is slightly higher than that in the upper part of the furnace, and strictly speaking, a temperature gradient is formed in the upper and lower parts of the furnace.
- forming a high temperature soaking zone in this specification is not the purpose of strictly forming the same temperature region, but as a temperature region necessary for raising the charge to the maximum temperature.
- the purpose is to form a meaningful temperature region.
- the temperature of the charge may be in the range of about 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the hot gas blown from the tuyere 11 and 13 need not be at the same temperature.
- the gas temperature blown from the upper hot gas blowing tuyere 11 may be higher than the gas temperature blown from the lower hot gas blowing tuyere 13.
- a low temperature gas may be mixed into a high temperature gas blown from a relatively low temperature tuyere 13 side to adjust the blowing temperature.
- a pipe for mixing a part of the low temperature gas discharged from the low temperature gas heating device 29 into the high temperature gas supplied to the tuyere 13 is provided, and a flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the pipe. Good.
- Such a flow control valve and piping function as a flow control device of the present invention.
- the flow rate of the hot gas blown from the tuyere 11 and 13 is not necessarily the same.
- the gas flow rate deviation may be given to the hot gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13.
- a flow rate adjusting valve may be provided in a pipe that supplies high temperature gas to the tuyere 11 and 13. This flow regulating valve functions as the flow regulating device of the present invention.
- the temperature of the molded product in the furnace can be controlled by making it possible to adjust the flow rate and temperature of the hot gas blown from the tuyere 11 and 13.
- a temperature measuring device for measuring the gas temperature is installed between the tuyere, and the flow rate and temperature of the hot gas blown from the tuyere 11 and 13 are adjusted based on the measured value of the temperature measuring device. It is preferable to do so.
- a thermocouple or the like is inserted in the vicinity of the furnace wall in order to avoid damage due to dropping of the charged material.
- the operation as shown below becomes possible by adjusting the gas flow rate.
- the gas flow rate blown into the lower hot gas blowing tuyere 13 is made lower than the gas flow rate blown into the upper hot gas blowing tuyere 11 to form a predetermined temperature region upward
- the cooling zone 7 can be made longer in the furnace length direction.
- the vertical shaft furnace according to the present invention has a hot gas blowing tuyere at the furnace length in order to form a high temperature soaking zone of a predetermined length below the center position in the furnace length direction. Multiple stages were provided in the direction. As a result, even when the charge to be treated is accompanied by a large endothermic reaction in a reaction such as reduction, it is possible to supply an amount of heat that compensates for such an endothermic reaction, and to stabilize the target product. Can be manufactured.
- the ferro-coke production facility according to the present invention the ferro-coke production can be continuously performed by simplifying the facility, operation, and reducing energy consumption. Thereby, highly reactive ferro-coke can be used for blast furnace operation, and there is an effect of reducing the reducing material ratio.
- the cross-sectional area of the vertical shaft furnace 1 was 1.67 m 2 , and the descending speed of the charge was 1.6 m / h.
- Table 1 shows the operating specifications for ferrocoke production, and Table 2 shows the properties of the ferrocoke produced.
- the strength after dry distillation is expressed as a drum strength index
- the target value of DI150 / 6 (6 mm index after 150 rotations) is 82.
- the target value of the reduction rate is 80%.
- Table 2 the two-stage tuyeres with high-temperature gas injection exceeded the target values for both strength and reduction rate, but the single-stage high-temperature gas injection tuyere exceeded the target value for strength.
- the reduction rate has not reached the target value. This is presumed that the residence time in the temperature range of 900 ° C. could not be sufficiently secured, and as a result, the reduction rate remained at a low value.
- the hot gas blowing tuyere is arranged in two stages, but three or more hot gas blowing tuyere may be provided.
- the high temperature gas blowing tuyere 11 and 13 for forming the high temperature soaking zone is shown below the center position in the furnace length direction. If it is also formed below, the upper hot gas blowing tuyere 11 may be at a height higher than the center position in the furnace length direction, for example, by controlling the hot gas blowing direction.
- the effect of forming a high temperature soaking zone with two stages of hot gas blowing tuyere is obtained only when the vertical shaft furnace is used as a dry distillation furnace in the production of ferro-coke. is not.
- the effects include, for example, combustion and gasification furnaces that burn and gasify coal, waste and other charges, gasification furnaces that gasify plastics and biomass, reduction furnaces that reduce metal oxides, scraps, etc. It can also be obtained when used as a melting furnace for melting.
- the present invention relates to a vertical shaft furnace for continuously producing a target product by burning, gasifying, carbonizing or reducing a charge charged from the top of the furnace, and a ferro-coke comprising the vertical shaft furnace.
- a ferro-coke manufacturing facility for continuously producing a target product by burning, gasifying, carbonizing or reducing a charge charged from the top of the furnace, and a ferro-coke comprising the vertical shaft furnace.
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Abstract
Description
始めに、本発明に至った経緯を、フェロコークスを製造する場合を例に挙げて以下に詳しく説明する。本発明者等は、炭素含有物質、鉄含有物質およびバインダーを含む原料を成型物に成型し、該成型物を乾留してフェロコークスを製造する際には、室炉式コークス炉ではなく冷却機能も兼備した竪型シャフト炉を用いることが望ましいと考えた。なお、以下においては、炭素含有物質として炭材である石炭を、鉄含有物質として鉄鉱石(鉱石)を用いて説明する。
Fe2O3+3C→2Fe+3CO-ΔH298=-676.1(kcal/kg-Fe2O3)・・・(1)
Fe2O3+3H2→2Fe+3H2O-ΔH298=-142.5(kcal/kg-Fe2O3)・・・(2)
Fe2O3+3CO→2Fe+3CO2-ΔH298=+42.0(kcal/kg-Fe2O3)・・・(3)
本実施の形態においては、竪型シャフト炉を用いて炭素含有物質と鉄含有物質との成型物を連続的に乾留し、コークス中に金属鉄を生成させたフェロコークスを製造する。このフェロコークス製造設備は、竪型シャフト炉における炉内ガス排出口の下方のストックラインレベル(原料装入基準レベル)以下の帯域が、低温乾留ゾーン、高温乾留ゾーン、冷却ゾーンに分けられて構成される。ストックラインレベル(原料挿入基準レベル)から低温ガス吹き込み羽口までの間を低温乾留ゾーン、低温ガス吹き込み羽口から炉長方向に下段の高温ガス吹き込み羽口までの間を高温乾留ゾーン、下段の高温ガス吹き込み羽口から冷却ガス吹き込み羽口までの間を冷却ゾーンとする。このフェロコークス製造設備は、低温乾留ゾーンの下部、高温乾留ゾーンの中間部および下部、冷却ゾーンの下部の4箇所から熱媒体ガスを供給し、炉内ガスは炉頂部のみから排出する構造とする。このようにして、このフェロコークス製造設備は、従来の成型コークス製造の際には設置されていた冷却ガス抜き出し羽口を無くすことにより設備を簡素化した。
上記のように構成されたフェロコークス製造設備を用いてフェロコークスを製造するフェロコークスの製造方法について説明する。フェロコークスを製造する際には、成型物装入装置23が、炭素含有物質と鉄含有物質とから生成された成型物をシャフト炉本体3の装入口17から装入する。装入された成型物は、乾留ゾーン5で乾留された後に冷却ゾーン7で冷却されシャフト炉3本体下部のフェロコークス排出口21からフェロコークスとして排出される。低温ガス加熱装置29が、低温ガス吹き込み羽口9から成型物を乾留するための加熱ガス(低温ガス)を吹き込む。高温ガス加熱装置31が、高温ガス吹き込み羽口11および13から、成型物を乾留するための加熱ガス(高温ガス)を吹き込む。高温ガス吹き込み羽口11および13から吹き込まれる高温ガスは、低温ガス吹き込み羽口9から吹き込まれる低温ガスより温度の高いガスとする。高温ガス吹き込み羽口11および13から吹き込まれる高温ガスは、ほぼ温度の同じガスとすることで、炉内における高温ガス吹込み羽口間に高温の均熱帯を形成する。第2循環ガス冷却装置27が、フェロコークスを冷却するための冷却ガスを、冷却ガス吹き込み羽口15から吹き込む。吹き込まれたガスは、炉頂部の炉内ガスの排出口のみから排出される。低温ガス吹き込み羽口9は、炉長方向の中心位置よりも上方に設置され、その下方に高温ガス吹き込み羽口11および13、冷却ガス吹き込み羽口15が設置される。
3 シャフト炉本体
5 乾留ゾーン
5a 低温乾留ゾーン
5b 高温乾留ゾーン
5c 高温均熱帯
7 冷却ゾーン
9 低温ガス吹き込み羽口
11、13 高温ガス吹き込み羽口
15 冷却ガス吹き込み羽口
17 装入口
19 炉内ガス排出口
21 フェロコークス排出口
23 成型物装入装置
25 第1循環ガス冷却装置
27 第2循環ガス冷却装置
29 低温ガス加熱装置
31 高温ガス加熱装置
Claims (10)
- 炉頂より装入された装入物を燃焼、ガス化、乾留あるいは還元して目的の製品を連続的に製造する竪型シャフト炉であって、
炉長方向の中心位置よりも下方に所定長さの高温均熱帯を形成するために、高温ガス吹き込み羽口を炉長方向に複数段設けたことを特徴とする竪型シャフト炉。 - 前記複数段設けた高温ガス吹き込み羽口に供給する高温ガスの流量を調整する流量調整装置を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 前記複数段設けた高温ガス吹き込み羽口に供給する高温ガスの温度を調整するガス温度調整装置を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 前記高温均熱帯の温度を計測する温度計測装置を設けたことを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 前記炉長方向の中心位置よりも上方に低温ガスを吹き込むための低温ガス吹き込み羽口を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 前記高温ガスの吹き込み羽口の段数を2段にしたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 前記高温ガスの吹き込み羽口の下方に設けられて冷却ガスを吹き込む冷却ガス吹き込み羽口と、炉頂部にのみ設けられて炉内ガスを排出する炉内ガス排出口とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の竪型シャフト炉。
- 請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の竪型シャフト炉を備え、該竪型シャフト炉の炉頂部から炭素含有物質と鉄含有物質の成型物を装入して、製品としてフェロコークスを連続的に製造することを特徴とするフェロコークス製造設備。
- 炉内ガス排出口から排出されたガスを、低温ガス吹き込み羽口と、高温ガス吹き込み羽口と、冷却ガス吹き込み羽口とからシャフト炉内に吹き込むようにした排出ガスの循環装置を備えたことを特徴とする請求項8記載のフェロコークス製造設備。
- 炉長方向の中心位置よりも下方に所定長さの高温均熱帯を形成するために、炉長方向に複数段設けられて高温ガスを吹き込む高温ガス吹き込み羽口と、前記炉長方向の中心位置よりも上方に設けられて低温ガスを吹き込むための低温ガス吹き込み羽口と、前記高温ガスの吹き込み羽口の下方に設けられて冷却ガスを吹き込むための冷却ガス吹き込み羽口と、炉頂部に設けられて炉内ガスを排出する炉内ガス排出口とを備えた竪型シャフト炉を用いてフェロコークスを製造するフェロコークスの製造方法であって、
炉頂部から炭素含有物質と鉄含有物質の成型物を装入し、前記低温ガス吹き込み羽口から成型物を乾留するための低温ガスを吹き込み、該低温ガスより温度の高いガスを高温ガス吹き込み羽口から吹き込み、製品としてのフェロコークスを冷却するための冷却ガスを冷却ガス吹き込み羽口から吹き込み、炉頂部の炉内ガス排出口からガスを排出するようにしたことを特徴とするフェロコークスの製造方法。
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JP5900025B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2016-04-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 炉内温度分布の推定方法および推定装置 |
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CN110129500B (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-09-15 | 东北大学 | 一种铁焦的制备方法和制备系统 |
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