WO2011118338A1 - 工作機械 - Google Patents
工作機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011118338A1 WO2011118338A1 PCT/JP2011/054449 JP2011054449W WO2011118338A1 WO 2011118338 A1 WO2011118338 A1 WO 2011118338A1 JP 2011054449 W JP2011054449 W JP 2011054449W WO 2011118338 A1 WO2011118338 A1 WO 2011118338A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- spindle
- machining
- axis direction
- axis
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
- B23B3/30—Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
- B23B29/26—Tool holders in fixed position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
- B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
- B23Q1/626—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
- B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
- B23Q39/022—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder
- B23Q39/024—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with same working direction of toolheads on same workholder consecutive working of toolheads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q2039/008—Machines of the lathe type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2508—Lathe with tool turret
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2524—Multiple
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine tool that includes a front spindle and a rear spindle having parallel axes, and a plurality of front machining tools and back machining tools to perform desired front / back machining.
- a machine tool equipped with a front spindle and a rear spindle having parallel axes and a front machining tool and a back machining tool is used, and the workpiece is moved between the spindles.
- the workpiece is processed sequentially while giving and receiving.
- the tool can be changed only by controlling the machine tool to reduce the number of tool changes even if the type of machining is frequently changed.
- Machine tools capable of handling a small amount of production in a short time are known.
- the front main shaft 510 is provided on the front main shaft 511 and can move in the axial direction (Z-axis direction)
- the rear main shaft 520 has an axis parallel to the front main shaft 510
- the rear main shaft A front tool table 541 that is provided on the table 521 and is movable in the Z-axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction (X-axis direction), and holds a plurality of front processing tools 540 and back processing tools 530, respectively.
- a machine tool 500 including a back tool table 531 and a front tool table 541 configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
- the machine tool 500 is configured such that the back tool table 531 can move in the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and a direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction (Y-axis direction), and exchanges workpieces between the spindles.
- the front and back surfaces of the workpiece are sequentially processed while performing (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the front headstock 511 is configured to be movable only in the Z-axis direction and the front tool table 541 is movable only in the Z-axis and X-axis directions.
- the number of front-side processing tools 540 that can be disposed only in the X-axis direction is limited.
- the back spindle head 521 is configured to be movable in the Z-axis and X-axis directions
- the back tool table 531 is configured to be movable in the Y-axis and X-axis directions.
- the invention according to claim 1 includes a front main spindle, a rear main spindle arranged to face the front main spindle, a front tool table arranged to face the front main spindle and holding a plurality of front machining tools, In a machine tool provided with a back tool table arranged opposite to the back spindle and holding a plurality of back processing tools, the front processing tool and the back processing tool are respectively placed on the front tool table and the back tool table.
- the front tool rest and the back spindle are provided so as to be able to move integrally in the Y-axis direction, and by moving the back spindle in the Y-axis direction,
- the problem is solved by switching between the step of the front machining tool corresponding to the front spindle and the step of the back machining tool corresponding to the back spindle.
- the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 1, the steps of the front processing tool and the back processing tool are formed at the same pitch. Is a solution.
- the back main shaft is such that both the main shaft and the machining tool at the stage corresponding to each main shaft are located in the same plane.
- the front spindle and the step machining tool corresponding to the front spindle are positioned in one of two different planes, and the back spindle and the stage corresponding to the back spindle are located in the other plane.
- the invention according to claim 4 is arranged such that the back spindle is not located in the same plane as any step of the front machining tool,
- the front spindle is arranged so as not to be positioned in the same plane as any step of the back machining tool, and the back spindle is located in the same plane with each spindle and the machining tool of the step corresponding to each spindle.
- the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the plurality of front machining tools and back machining tools include the front tool table and The above-described problems are solved by arranging the tool rows in the X-axis direction intersecting the movement axis in the Y-axis direction of the axis and the back spindle, respectively, on the back tool table.
- the front machining tool and the back machining tool of all the tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table are tools.
- the said subject is solved by arrange
- the invention according to claim 7 is a tool for front machining and back machining of all tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table.
- the tool is processed by the back machining tool farthest from the front spindle at the position where the workpiece held by the front spindle is machined by the front machining tool farthest from the back spindle.
- the said subject is solved by arrange
- the front machining tool and the back machining tool are arranged in a plurality of stages in the Y-axis direction intersecting the axis (Z axis) of both spindles on the front tool table and the back tool table, respectively.
- the front tool table and the back spindle can move together in the Y-axis direction, and the back spindle moves in the Y-axis direction and corresponds to the front machining tool stage corresponding to the front spindle and the back spindle
- the stage of the back machining tool By switching the stage of the back machining tool to be performed, it becomes possible to select the front machining tool and the back machining tool only by controlling the movement of the back spindle in the Y-axis direction, so that the tool change control becomes easy.
- the number of movable parts can be reduced, and the speed and accuracy can be improved.
- machining is performed by positioning both the spindles and the machining tool corresponding to each spindle in the same plane, machining on the front spindle side and back spindle on two different planes. It is possible to easily switch between processing for performing side processing. Further, after the workpiece is transferred between the front spindle and the rear spindle, the next machining can be performed immediately without moving the rear spindle in the Y-axis direction, and the machining efficiency is improved.
- the front machining tool and the back machining tool are not located on the same plane at all machining positions in the Y-axis direction, and the front machining tool and the back machining are performed during machining. Even if the tool is approaching, it can be prevented from interfering.
- the position of the back spindle in the X-axis direction intersecting the axis (Z axis) and the movement axis of the back spindle in the Y-axis direction is controlled, so that the front machining tool and the back machining are used. Tools can be easily switched and selected, and the number of tools can be increased by simple control.
- the X axis positioning control of the back spindle for simultaneously selecting the front processing tool and the back processing tool at the same stage is made common, and the control becomes easier. It is possible to hold the two workpieces on the front spindle and the back spindle and perform the respective front machining and back machining simultaneously, and it is possible to increase the speed by shortening the machining time.
- the front machining tool and the back machining tool can be arranged in the entire movement range of the back spindle in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, many tools can be arranged and selected. Can be processed.
- the machining tools are selected in the X axis direction in order, and the X axis movement distance of the back spindle is reduced to reduce the front machining and back machining. Both can be performed in sequence, and the processing efficiency is improved.
- the perspective view of the machine tool which is 1st Example of this invention The perspective view of the 1st position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The perspective view of the 2nd position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The perspective view of the machine tool which is 2nd Example of this invention.
- the perspective view of the 1st position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG.
- the perspective view of the 2nd position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG.
- a machine tool 100 includes a front spindle 111, a rear spindle 120, and a front machining tool that hold a front spindle 110 rotatably on a base 150.
- a holding table 121 that holds 140, a back tool table 131 that holds a back processing tool 130, and a guide bush support table 161 that holds a guide bush 160.
- the guide bush support base 161 is fixed to the base 150 and is arranged such that the axis of the guide bush 160 coincides with the axis of the front main shaft 110.
- the holding table 121 serves as a back spindle table for holding the back spindle 120 and a front tool table for holding the front machining tool 140.
- the holding stand 121 supports the back main shaft 120 so as to be rotatable.
- the holding stand 121 and the front spindle stock 111 are arranged such that the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 are opposed to each other with the axes parallel to each other. Accordingly, the front tool 140 is disposed at a position facing the front main shaft 110.
- the back tool table 131 is disposed at a position where the back tool 130 faces the back main shaft 120, and is fixed to the base 150.
- a front Z-axis rail 151 is provided on the base 150 in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the front main shaft.
- the front headstock 111 is slidably supported on the front Z-axis rail 151.
- the front headstock 111 is slidably driven on the front Z-axis rail 151 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown). As a result, the front head stock 111 is controlled to move in the Z-axis direction on the front Z-axis rail 151.
- An X-axis rail 152 is provided on the base 150 in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction in the left-right direction.
- the X-axis rail 152 is disposed at a position facing the front Z-axis rail 151.
- An X-axis slide table 153 is slidably supported on the X-axis rail 152.
- the X-axis slide table 153 is slidably driven on the X-axis rail 152 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown).
- the X-axis slide table 153 is provided with a back Z-axis rail 154 in the Z-axis direction. On the back Z-axis rail 154, a Z-axis slide base 155 is slidably supported. The Z-axis slide base 155 is slidably driven on the back Z-axis rail 154 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown).
- the Z slide base 155 is provided with Y axis rails 156 in the Y axis direction in the vertical direction perpendicular to the X axis direction and the Z axis direction.
- the holding stand 121 is slidably supported on the Y-axis rail 156.
- the holding table 121 is slidably driven on the Y-axis rail 156 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown).
- a driving device not shown.
- the holding table 121 is integrated with the Z-axis direction, the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the base 150 via the X-axis slide table 153 and the Z-axis slide table 155. Move controlled.
- the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 is inserted through the guide bush 160 and guided, and the portion protruding from the guide bush 160 is machined by the front machining tool 140 by the movement control of the front spindle 111 and the holding table 121. Is done.
- the workpiece W held on the back spindle 120 is machined by the back machining tool 130 by the movement control of the holding table 121.
- the front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 are arranged in plural (five in this embodiment) in the X-axis direction on the holding table 121 and the back tool table 131 to form a tool row.
- each front machining tool 140 or back machining tool 130 constituting the tool row is arranged in a straight line in the X-axis direction.
- the holding table 121 and the back tool table 131 hold the front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 so that the tool row is formed in a plurality of stages (two stages in this embodiment) in the Y-axis direction.
- the pitch between each stage of the tool row of the holding stand 121 and the back tool stand 131 is set to be the same.
- both the main shafts 110 and 120 are located in the same plane, and the main shafts 110 and 120 are included in the same plane in the XZ-axis direction.
- the position is controlled in the Y-axis direction so that the second position, which is located in the plane in the XZ-axis direction and the axes of both the main shafts 110 and 120 are separated in the Y-axis direction, is switched.
- the X axis direction of the tool row of the lower front machining tool 140 is in the plane including the axes of the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120.
- the front main shaft 110 and the rear main shaft 120 are arranged so that the straight line in the X-axis direction of the tool row of the upper back processing tool 130 is included.
- 130A is disposed in one plane (processing plane).
- the machining of the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 on one machining plane can be performed using the front machining tool 140B in the lower tool row and the upper tool row. This can be performed with the back surface processing tool 130A. In particular, it is possible to easily process the workpiece W while easily transferring the workpiece W between the two spindles 110 and 120.
- the axis of the rear spindle 120 is at the second position of the holding base 121 as shown in FIGS.
- the plane that is included includes a straight line in the X-axis direction of the tool row of the lower back machining tool 130, and the plane of the tool row of the upper front machining tool 140 is included in the plane that includes the axis of the front spindle 110. Includes axial axis.
- column of the front tool stand 141 are arrange
- the back machining tool 130B in the lower tool row of the back tool table 131 are arranged in one plane (machining plane) separated from the machining plane in the Y-axis direction.
- the upper stage of the tool row in the front machining and back machining of the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 and the workpiece W held on the back spindle 120 by switching the position by the operation of only one axis in the Y-axis direction of the holding base 121;
- the lower selection can be made simultaneously.
- a simple and highly accurate positioning means such as a stopper for the position control of the two positions, so that the position switching control is further facilitated and the position accuracy is improved.
- the pitch in the X-axis direction of the front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 is set to be the same in all the tool rows, and the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 are in front of each other.
- the positional relationship in the X-axis direction between the machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 is the position at which the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 is machined by the front machining tool 140A1 (or 140B1) that is farthest from the back spindle 120.
- the work W held on the back spindle 120 is disposed at a position to be machined by the back machining tool 130B1 (or 130A1) farthest from the front spindle 110.
- a front processing tool 140B used for front processing is arranged in order from the side closer to the back spindle 120 in the lower tool row of the holding table 121, and the upper stage
- the front machining tool 140A used for the front machining is arranged in order from the far side from the back spindle 120 in the tool row of FIG. 5, and the back machining in order from the side closer to the front spindle 110 is arranged in the upper tool row of the back tool table 131.
- the back processing tool 130A used for the back processing is disposed in the lower tool row, and the back processing tool 130B used for back processing is disposed in order from the far side from the front main shaft 110, so that the holding table 121 can be moved in the X-axis direction.
- the machining tool one pitch at a time and selecting the machining tools one by one the movement of the holding base 121 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is reduced. Comb, can be efficiently performed machining by shortening the tool changeover time.
- the machine tool 200 includes the positional relationship between the front spindle 210 and the back machining tool 230 in the Y-axis direction, and the back spindle 220 and the front machining tool 240. Only the positional relationship in the Y-axis direction is different from the machine tool 100 of the first embodiment, and the other configurations are the same. 6 to 10 are the same as the last two digits of the reference numerals in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, and the same functions and operations are shown in the first embodiment. The explanation is omitted because it is the same as
- the back main shaft 220 is arranged in the Y-axis direction so as not to be positioned in the same plane as any step of the front processing tool 240, and the front main shaft 210 is positioned in the same plane as any step of the back processing tool 230. It is arranged in the Y-axis direction so that it does not.
- the front spindle 210 is located in the same plane as the front machining tool 240 of the lower tool row, and the rear spindle 220 is located in the same plane as the rear machining tool 230 of the upper tool row.
- the front spindle 210 is located in the same plane as the front machining tool 240 of the upper tool row, and the back spindle 220 is located in the same plane as the rear machining tool 230 of the lower tool row.
- the position is controlled in the Y-axis direction so that the second position can be switched.
- the plane including the axis of the front main shaft 210 and the plane including the axis of the rear main shaft 220 are close to each other but not the same plane.
- all the steps of the front machining tool 240 and the back machining tool 230 are located on different planes.
- the plane including the axis of the front main shaft 210 and the plane including the axis of the back main shaft 220 are separated from each other and are processed in front. All the steps of the working tool 240 and the back surface processing tool 230 are located on different planes.
- the holding base 221 by switching the holding base 221 to the first position, the machining of the workpiece W held by the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 is performed with the front machining tool 240B in the lower tool row on each machining plane. It can be performed by the back surface processing tool 230A in the upper tool row.
- the holding base 221 is moved in the Y-axis direction and switched to the second position, the workpiece W held on the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 are The held workpiece W can be machined by a front machining tool 240A in the upper tool row or a back machining tool 230B in the lower tool row on different machining planes separated from each other in the Y-axis direction.
- the workpiece W held on the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 are held as in the first embodiment.
- the upper stage and lower stage of the tool row in the front machining and the back machining of the workpiece W can be selected at the same time, which facilitates the position control of the two positions and improves the position accuracy.
- selection of the front processing tools 140 and 240 and the back processing tools 130 and 230 in the tool row in both front and back processing is performed in the X-axis direction of the holding bases 121 and 221. It can be performed simultaneously with only one axis operation.
- 10 front machining tools 140 and 240 and back machining tools arranged in 5 ⁇ 2 stages, respectively. Since any tool can be selected from 130 and 230 at the same time, it is possible to hold the two workpieces W on the front spindles 110 and 210 and the rear spindles 120 and 220 to perform the respective front machining and back machining simultaneously. Become.
- the drawings attached to the present application are simplified for easy understanding of the arrangement relationship and operation, and the actual specific shapes and dimensions of individual components are limited to those shown in the drawings. is not.
- the number and arrangement of the front processing tools 140 and 240 and the back processing tools 130 and 230 may be arbitrary, and the bases 150 and 250 may be installed in any of horizontal, inclined, and vertical directions. .
- other desired components such as a turning tool, a workpiece W handling mechanism, a machining fluid supply mechanism, a machining waste discharge mechanism, and the like are appropriately provided. There may be.
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Abstract
Description
そして、正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具を複数備えて、工具の変更を工作機械の制御のみで行うことで加工の種類の変更を頻繁に行っても工具の交換回数を少なくし、多品種少量生産に短時間で対応可能な工作機械が公知である。
本請求項3に係る構成によれば、同一平面内に両主軸と各主軸に対応する段の加工用工具とを位置させて行う加工と、2つの異なる平面で正面主軸側の加工と背面主軸側の加工を行う加工とを簡単に切り換えることができる。
また、正面主軸と背面主軸との間でワークの授受を行った後に、背面主軸のY軸方向の移動を行うことなく直ぐに次の加工を行うことができ、加工効率が向上する。
本請求項5に係る構成によれば、背面主軸を軸線(Z軸)及び背面主軸のY軸方向の移動軸線と交差するX軸方向に位置決め制御することで、正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具を簡単に切り換えて選択することが可能となり、単純な制御で工具数を増加させることができる。
また、正面加工工具と背面加工工具を、それぞれ列方向に加工順に配置することにより、X軸方向に加工工具を順に選択し、背面主軸のX軸の移動距離を少なくして正面加工と背面加工の両方を順に行うことができ、加工効率が向上する。
前記ガイドブッシュ支持台161は基台150に固定され、ガイドブッシュ160の軸線が正面主軸110の軸線と一致するように配置されている。
前記保持台121は、背面主軸120を保持する背面主軸台と、正面加工用工具140を保持する正面工具台を兼用している。
背面主軸120に保持されたワークWは、保持台121の移動制御によって、前記背面加工用工具130により加工される。
各工具列は、工具列を構成する各正面加工用工具140または背面加工用工具130が、各々X軸方向に一直線上に配置されている。保持台121および背面工具台131は、前記工具列がY軸方向に複数段(本実施例では2段)形成されるように、正面加工用工具140及び背面加工用工具130を保持する。保持台121および背面工具台131の工具列の各段間のピッチは同一に設定されている。
これにより、保持台121の前記第1ポジションにおいては、両主軸110,120と正面工具台141の下段の工具列の正面加工用工具140Bと背面工具台131の上段の工具列の背面加工用工具130Aとが1つの平面(加工平面)内に配置される。
保持台121をY軸方向に移動させて第2ポジションに切り換えることによって、正面主軸110に保持されたワークWと、背面主軸120に保持されたワークWとを各々Y軸方向に離反した別々の加工平面上で、正面加工用工具140A又は背面加工用工具130Bにより加工することができる。
そして、前記2つのポジションの位置制御に、当止め等の簡単で高精度の位置決め手段を採用することも可能となり、ポジションの切り換え制御が、さらに容易となるとともに位置精度が向上する。
なお、図6乃至図10における符号の下2桁が、図1乃至図5の符号の下2桁と同一のものは同一の部品を示し、これらの同一の機能、動作については第1実施例と同じであるため説明を省略する。
また、いずれの実施例でも、保持台121、221のX軸、Y軸を移動させることで、5個×2段に配置されたそれぞれ10個の正面加工用工具140、240および背面加工用工具130、230から任意の工具を同時に選択することができるため、2つのワークWを正面主軸110、210と背面主軸120、220に保持してそれぞれの正面加工と背面加工を同時に行うことが可能となる。
また、正面加工用工具140、240および背面加工用工具130、230の数、配置も任意のもので良く、基台150、250が水平、傾斜、垂直のいずれの方向に設置されていても良い。
さらに、図示されていないが、他の所望の構成部材、例えば旋削工具、ワークWのハンドリング機構、加工液供給機構、加工屑排出機構等、工作機械に一般的に用いられる構成を適宜備えるものであっても良い。
501 ・・・旋削用工具台
502 ・・・旋削用工具台
110、210、510 ・・・正面主軸
111、220、511 ・・・正面主軸台
120、230、520 ・・・背面主軸
121、221 ・・・保持台
521 ・・・背面主軸台
130、230、530 ・・・背面加工用工具
131、231、531 ・・・背面工具台
140、240、540 ・・・正面加工用工具
141、241、541 ・・・正面工具台
150、250 ・・・基台
151、251 ・・・正面Z軸レール
152、252 ・・・X軸レール
153、253 ・・・X軸スライドテーブル
154、254 ・・・背面Z軸レール
155、255 ・・・Z軸スライド台
156、256 ・・・Y軸レール
160、260 ・・・ガイドブッシュ
161、261 ・・・ガイドブッシュ支持台
W ・・・ワーク
Claims (7)
- 正面主軸と、該正面主軸と対向して配置される背面主軸と、前記正面主軸と対向して配置され複数の正面加工用工具を保持する正面工具台と、前記背面主軸と対向して配置され複数の背面加工用工具を保持する背面工具台を備えた工作機械において、
正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具が、前記正面工具台および背面工具台にそれぞれ両主軸の軸線と交差するY軸方向に複数段に配置され、
前記正面工具台と前記背面主軸とが、前記Y軸方向に一体に移動可能に設けられ、
背面主軸のY軸方向の移動により、正面主軸に対応する正面加工用工具の段と、背面主軸に対応する背面加工用工具の段とが切り換えられることを特徴とする工作機械。 - 前記正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具の段が、同じピッチで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作機械。
- 前記背面主軸が、両主軸と各主軸に対応する段の加工用工具とが同一平面内に位置するポジションと、2つの異なる平面の一方の平面内に、正面主軸と該正面主軸に対応する段の正面加工用工具とが位置し、他方の平面内に、背面主軸と該背面主軸に対応する段の背面加工用工具とが位置するポジションを有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の工作機械。
- 前記背面主軸が、前記正面加工用工具のいずれの段とも同一平面内に位置しないよう配置され、
前記正面主軸が、前記背面加工用工具のいずれの段とも同一平面内に位置しないよう配置され、
前記背面主軸が、各主軸と各主軸に対応する段の加工用工具とがそれぞれ同一平面に位置する複数のポジションを有し、
全てのポジションにおいて、前記背面加工用工具の全ての段と前記正面加工用工具の全ての段がいずれも異なる平面上に位置することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の工作機械。 - 前記複数の正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具が、前記正面工具台および背面工具台に、それぞれ前記軸線および背面主軸のY軸方向の移動軸線と交差するX軸方向に工具列を形成するように配置されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の工作機械。
- 前記正面工具台および背面工具台のすべての工具列の正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具が、工具列のなす平面内に同じピッチで配置されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の工作機械。
- 前記正面工具台および背面工具台のすべての工具列の正面加工用工具および背面加工用工具が、前記正面主軸に保持されたワークが最も背面主軸から離れた正面加工用工具により加工される位置において、前記背面主軸に保持されたワークが最も正面主軸から離れた背面加工用工具により加工される位置となるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の工作機械。
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