WO2011108521A1 - 粘膜ワクチン - Google Patents
粘膜ワクチン Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011108521A1 WO2011108521A1 PCT/JP2011/054586 JP2011054586W WO2011108521A1 WO 2011108521 A1 WO2011108521 A1 WO 2011108521A1 JP 2011054586 W JP2011054586 W JP 2011054586W WO 2011108521 A1 WO2011108521 A1 WO 2011108521A1
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- Prior art keywords
- antigen
- amount
- mucosal
- vaccine
- cvp
- Prior art date
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- A61K2039/543—Mucosal route intranasal
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- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55516—Proteins; Peptides
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- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
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- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
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- C12N2760/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses negative-sense
- C12N2760/00011—Details
- C12N2760/16011—Orthomyxoviridae
- C12N2760/16111—Influenzavirus A, i.e. influenza A virus
- C12N2760/16122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2760/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses negative-sense
- C12N2760/00011—Details
- C12N2760/16011—Orthomyxoviridae
- C12N2760/16111—Influenzavirus A, i.e. influenza A virus
- C12N2760/16134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mucosal vaccine that effectively induces mucosal immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe in detail the drawbacks of conventional inactivated vaccines and toxoids, the current state of development of mucosal vaccines and immune adjuvants, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 an antigen drug (AD) vehicle that is a complex of lung surfactant protein B and / or lung surfactant protein C and lipid, and a mucosa comprising the AD vehicle and an antigen.
- a vaccine has been invented and a patent application has been filed (Patent Document 1). Furthermore, the inventors of the present application can convert between selective production of IgA antibody and production of both IgA / IgG antibodies by adjusting the weight ratio V / A of AD vehicle amount (V) and antigen amount (A). And a patent application has been filed for a mucosal vaccine having this mechanism of action (Patent Document 2).
- These Patent Documents 1 and 2 also disclose the effectiveness of fragments (peptides) of pulmonary surfactant proteins B and C.
- nasal drops that take the same route of administration as mucosal vaccines have carboxyvinyl polymer (CVP) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) in order to increase their viscosity and continuously exert their effects on hay fever and allergies.
- CVP carboxyvinyl polymer
- HPC hydroxypropylcellulose
- other thickening gelling agents such as sodium alginate are used.
- a mucosal vaccine containing HPC Patent Document 4
- a mucosa-applied vaccine formulation containing CVP Patent Document 5
- an influenza vaccine for intranasal spray administration Patent Document 6
- Patent Document 7 discloses a vaccine for mucosal administration comprising an antigen, an adjuvant [especially Poly (IC)] and a thickener (such as sodium alginate).
- an adjuvant especially Poly (IC)
- a thickener such as sodium alginate.
- the mucosal vaccine of Patent Document 3 has a strong antibody-producing ability. However, as a common problem of the mucosal vaccine, it has a problem of requiring a larger amount of antigen than a transdermal vaccine.
- the invention of the present application has an even stronger antibody-producing ability than the mucosal vaccine described in Patent Document 3, and as a result, an improvement that can exert an excellent effect with a small amount of antigen comparable to a transdermal injection vaccine
- the objective is to provide a type mucosal vaccine.
- the present inventors worked on an AD vehicle from gelling agents (CVP, HPC) used in nasal sprays and mucosal vaccines.
- CVP gelling agents
- HPC gelling agents
- the mucosal vaccine consisting of “antigen + synthetic peptide + lipid + CVP” It has far superior antibody-inducing ability, and its effect greatly exceeds the range expected from a simple combination of Patent Document 3 (antigen + synthetic peptide + lipid) and Patent Documents 5 and 6 (antigen + CVP). thing.
- HPC excipients which are widely reported as gelling agents for nasal drops and mucosal vaccines as well as CVP, have no antibody-inducing ability when used in combination with antigens or in combination with antigens and AD vehicles.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above novel findings.
- the present invention has the following composition: (A) AD vehicle comprising a synthetic peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence of KnLm (where n is 4-8, m is 11-20) and a lipid; An effective infection comprising (b) carboxyvinyl polymer; and (c) alone, an amount of mucosal immunity IgA that produces an effective protective effect and an amount of antigenic protein that does not produce blood immunity IgG.
- a mucosal vaccine characterized by producing an antigen-specific mucosal immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG in an amount that produces a protective effect.
- the antigen protein (c) is further combined with the AD vehicle (a) or the carboxyvinyl polymer (b) in an amount that causes an effective infection-protective effect. It is an amount that does not produce mucosal immune IgA and blood immune IgG.
- the synthetic peptide is a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2.
- the lipid is a phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. At least one. More specifically, the lipid is a trilipid mixture of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and palmitic acid.
- the antigen comprises an inactivated antigen derived from a pathogen, a purified antigen, a partially purified antigen, a recombinant antigen or a detoxified toxin, and an allergen that causes allergies.
- the present invention further comprises the following composition: (A) AD vehicle comprising a synthetic peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence of KnLm (where n is 4-8, m is 11-20) and a lipid; (B) a carboxyvinyl polymer; and (c) an amount of antigenic protein that does not produce mucosal immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG alone that produces effective immunity induction alone;
- a method for producing a mucosal vaccine characterized by producing an antigen-specific mucosal immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG in an amount that produces a protective effect, comprising: (1) Suspend (a) and (c) in water, (2) Repeat heating and stirring one or more times, (3) Freeze-dried (4) The freeze-dried product is suspended in physiological saline and prepared to a predetermined concentration. (5) Add the solution of (b) above, It is a manufacturing method characterized by this.
- “amount of mucosal immune immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG that cause effective immunity induction” means, for example, an amount such that the value of the blood virus infection inhibitory effect HI is equal to or higher than the international evaluation standard IgA and IgG.
- composition composed of a synthetic peptide and a lipid may be referred to as “AD vehicle”, and a composition composed of this AD vehicle and the antigen may be referred to as “mucosal vaccine”.
- AD vehicle a composition composed of this AD vehicle and the antigen
- mucosal vaccine a composition composed of this AD vehicle and the antigen
- CVP-added mucosal vaccine a composition obtained by adding CVP to this mucosal vaccine.
- the present invention includes the disclosed contents of Patent Documents 1-3 regarding the above-mentioned “lipids” and the disclosed contents of Patent Document 3 regarding “synthetic peptides” and “AD vehicles”.
- the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention has a very strong induction effect of vaccine antigen-specific IgA and IgG antibodies and a strong virus infection prevention effect (HI effect) far exceeding the international standards of induced antibodies. These effects are extremely remarkable even when compared with the mucosal vaccine described in Patent Document 3 or “antigen + CVP vaccine” (Patent Documents 5 and 6). It is an unexpectedly superior effect from the CVP effect.
- the necessary infection protection effect can be achieved by containing a smaller amount of antigen than conventional mucosal vaccines. That is, the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention shows a much stronger antibody-inducing effect even when the amount of antigen used in the conventional mucosal vaccine (antigen + synthetic peptide + lipid) is reduced to 1/5 or less.
- the mucosal vaccine of Patent Document 3 uses an influenza antigen as an antigen
- the virus infection prevention effect HI of blood is HI of the influenza vaccine even if the antigen amount is 0.2 ⁇ g.
- the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention has an antigen amount of 0.1 ⁇ g, and even with an antigen amount of 0.03 ⁇ g, it has an excellent HI value of 100 or more. Show the effect.
- the CVP-added mucosal vaccine composition of the present invention itself has no antigen-recognizing cell stimulating effect, and therefore, unexpected side effects caused by antigens other than the administered vaccine antigen, such as autoimmune diseases, vaccination The possibility of subsequent exacerbations of allergies is extremely low.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of Test 1, and shows the nasal wash IgA amount (left) and serum IgG amount (right) when each vaccine of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1-5 and HA antigen were administered nasally to mice.
- antigen-presenting dendritic cells were stimulated with endotoxin (LPS), poly (IC), and SF-10 (CVP + AD vehicle), respectively, and cell membrane activation display molecules (MHCII, CD40, CD80 (B7-1) ) And CD86 (B7-2)).
- the left graph shows cells that are positive as the expression level of each membrane molecule increases (beyond the value of the negative value upper limit display bar near the center determined from the physiological saline treatment used as a control in the right dot diagram)
- Cell is a ratio (%) of the total number of cells
- the right is a measurement result of flow cytometry, in which the amount of the activated display molecule on the cell membrane is visualized and quantified.
- It is a result of Test 4, showing the relationship between the amount of infected influenza virus PFU and the survival rate.
- Results of Test 4 when mice (10 mice in each group) were infected with 50 PFU influenza virus after nasal administration of vaccines of Example 1, Example 5, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 The change in the survival rate is shown.
- Results of Test 4 when mice (10 mice in each group) were administered nasally with the vaccines of Example 1, Example 5, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 and then infected with 800 PFU influenza virus The change in the survival rate is shown. 4 is an increase in transmission electron micrographs showing the results of Test 6.
- FIG. (A) is a mucosal vaccine of Comparative Example 1
- (B) is a CVP-added mucosal vaccine of Example 1 and a partially enlarged image thereof (right figure).
- Test 7 it is the result of measuring the amount of fluorescently labeled antigens detected from dendritic cells by flow cytometry.
- “Fold versus HA” on the vertical axis indicates how many times the amount of fluorescent labeling was accelerated under each measurement condition, assuming that the amount of fluorescent labeling of antigen detected in dendritic cells when HA antigen is administered alone is 1.
- [MFI at the time of measuring each sample] / [MFI of HA-added dendritic cells] was displayed.
- MFI: Mean Fluorescence Intensity **: p ⁇ 0.01 vs. HA (n 3).
- antigen-presenting dendritic cells were stimulated with poly (I.C.) And SF-10 (CVP + AD vehicle), respectively, and the expression level of the cell membrane activation display molecule (CD86) was measured.
- ⁇ is the result without HA antigen protein, and ⁇ is the result with HA antigen protein.
- MFI Mean Fluorescence Intensity
- SF-10 (CVP + AD vehicle) adjuvant was administered to mice nasally in the presence and absence of antigen, and the CD86 expression level of dendritic cells prepared from nasal tissues was measured.
- MFI Mean Fluorescence Intensity.
- the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention has the following composition.
- Synthetic peptide consisting of amino acid sequence of synthetic peptide KnLm (where n is 4-8, m is 11-20). In KnLm, n K (Lys) residues on the N-terminal side and m L residues on the C-terminal side are continuous.
- Such a synthetic peptide is, for example, any of the following peptides.
- the parentheses are peptide abbreviations. Amino acid residues are indicated by single letter symbols.
- Sequence number 1 (K6L16): KKKKKKLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL L
- Sequence number 2 (K6L11): KKKKKKLLLLLLLLLLL
- SEQ ID NO: 1 (K6L16) is composed of 6 K (Lys) residues on the N-terminal side and 16 L residues on the C-terminal side, and SEQ ID NO: 2 (K6L11) is 6 on the N-terminal side. And the 11 L residues on the C-terminal side.
- synthetic peptides those having a purity of 95% or more prepared according to a known chemical synthesis method are used.
- lipid phospholipid As the lipid phospholipid, it is desirable to use phospholipids contained in lung surfactant, such as phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, and the like.
- phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin and the like can be used.
- fatty acid lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitooleic acid, oleic acid and the like can be used.
- lipids derived from aquatic animals such as whales and dolphins with active lung expansion can be used.
- Carboxyvinyl polymer (CVP) CVP is a hydrophilic polymer obtained by polymerizing acrylic acid as a main component.
- Hibiswaco 103, Hibiswaco 104, Hibiswaco 105, Sigma pAA130 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, Cat No. 181293) , PAA450 (Sigma, Cat No. 181285), pAA1250 (Sigma, Cat No. 306215), etc. can be used.
- Hibiswako 104 which is widely used for preparation of cosmetics and pharmaceutical gels, and pAA130 and pAA1250 manufactured by Sigma are preferable.
- pH 5.0-10.5 can be prepared with NaOH neutralization solution. It is preferred to select a pH that does not affect. For example, in the case of influenza split vaccine antigen, the pH is adjusted to 6.8-8.0, preferably pH 7.0-7.2.
- Antigen antigens include antigenic molecules such as bacteria-derived antigens highly purified for vaccines having a purity of about 90% or more, viral antigens, toxoid proteins, glycoproteins, allergens, macromolecular carbohydrates and nucleic acids.
- varicella virus For example, varicella virus, measles virus, mumps virus, poliovirus, rotavirus, influenza virus, adenovirus, herpes virus, severe acute respiratory infection syndrome (SARS) virus, West Nile virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Yellow fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, HIV virus, hepatitis C virus, Bordetella pertussis, Neisseria meningitidis, Influenza b, Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is an antigen for vaccines against Vibrio cholerae, malaria pathogens, sleeping sickness pathogens and the like.
- SARS severe acute respiratory infection syndrome
- antigens alone, especially in combination with AD vehicle (a) or in combination with carboxyvinyl polymer (CVP) in an amount that produces effective immune induction, antigen-specific mucosal immunity IgA and blood immunity IgG An amount that does not produce is used.
- AD vehicle a
- CVP carboxyvinyl polymer
- influenza antigen protein contains M protein, neuramirase, nucleoprotein and the like in addition to the HA antigen molecule.
- amount of antigen protein means the total amount of protein containing these antigen molecules.
- the amount of HA antigen molecule itself was about 50% of the total antigen protein in the lot of influenza vaccine used.
- AD vehicle lipids
- lipid component lipid component and the synthetic peptide are mixed.
- the mixing ratio is about 0.2 to about 12.0% by dry weight for synthetic peptides and about 88 to about 99.8% by dry weight for lipids.
- This mixture is dried at about 40 ° C. using a rotary evaporator, resuspended in 10% ethanol at an arbitrary concentration, and shaken and mixed in a water bath at about 45 ° C. for about 15 minutes to prepare a uniform dispersion and frozen. dry.
- This dried product is stored at about ⁇ 30 ° C., and is suspended by adding pure water or physiological saline each time it is used, and then made into a uniform dispersion using ultrasonic waves, a homogenizer, a mixer, a shaker or the like.
- Preparation of CVP-added mucosal vaccine The above-mentioned AD vehicle, CVP and antigen are mixed in an arbitrary ratio.
- the AD vehicle solution is added to the vaccine stock solution and mixed so that the dry weight ratio V / A of the AD vehicle amount (V) to the antigen protein amount (A) in the vaccine becomes a desired value.
- the dry weight (A) of antigen protein administered per mouse is about 0.01 to about 10 ⁇ g / kg body weight, preferably about 0.03 to about 5.0 ⁇ g / Kg body weight.
- This antigen amount is 1/5 or less of the antigen amount (about 0.1 to 50 ⁇ g / kg body weight, preferably about 0.3 to 30 ⁇ g / Kg body weight) in the mucosal vaccine (antigen + AD vehicle) of Patent Document 3.
- the V / A for preferentially and selectively inducing IgA antibody production is preferably about 0.1 to about 1.0.
- V / A for inducing production of both IgA and IgG antibodies can be in the range of about 1.0 to about 100, preferably about 5 to about 20.
- about 60% or more of the antigen binds to the AD vehicle, and the mucosal immune vaccine obtained thereby can efficiently induce IgA antibody production and / or IgG antibody production.
- the CVP concentration in the final nasal vaccine solution with CVP added is about 0.1% to 1.0%, preferably 0.3% to 0.8%.
- a homogenizer, a mixer, a shaker, a stirrer, or the like can be used.
- Example 1 the antigen protein and AD vehicle were mixed, sonicated for 3 minutes, further rotated and mixed at room temperature for 2 hours, and finally 1% CVP physiological saline.
- An equal volume of aqueous solution can be added to produce a CVP-added mucosal vaccine.
- This method is the same as the method described in Patent Document 3 except that CVP is added.
- the virus antigen may be inactivated by heat generated by sonication, and the sonication process depends on the type of equipment used, the size of the oscillator, the state of the oscillator, etc. There is a disadvantage that it may be difficult to hold
- a production method comprising the following steps as shown in Example 7 is preferable. (1) Suspend the AD vehicle and antigen protein in water (pure water) (2) Repeat heating and stirring one or more times (3) Freeze-drying (4) Suspend the freeze-dried product in physiological saline Prepared to a predetermined concentration (5) Addition of CVP solution dissolved in physiological saline This method not only solves the above-mentioned problems due to sonication, but also shows higher antigen-specific IgA as shown in Test 5 below. And an excellent method that enables the production of IgG.
- the prepared CVP-added mucosal vaccine can be used as a single administration, but it can be used as a double administration (primary immunization and secondary immunization) or as a triple administration (primary immunization, secondary immunization, tertiary immunization). It is preferable.
- Such multiple immunizations can significantly increase the antibody titers of IgA and IgG.
- Two or three vaccine administrations are performed at intervals of 1 to 3 weeks, preferably about 2 weeks.
- the administration route of the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention can be administered into the oral cavity and vaginal cavity in addition to the nasal cavity (for example, LubrizolizPharmaceutical Bulletin, inPolymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. 2008). .
- an AD vehicle was prepared as follows. Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and palmitic acid (PA) are mixed at a ratio of 75:25:10 (w / w / w) so that the concentration of phospholipid is 10 mg / ml.
- DPPC Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
- PG phosphatidylglycerol
- PA palmitic acid
- a CVP-added mucosal vaccine was prepared as follows using the above-mentioned AD vehicle.
- Influenza vaccine (HA) antigen is A / NewCaledonia / 20/99 (H1N1), 1.94 mg protein / mL (sodium phosphate buffer, sodium chloride, thimerosal solution: 1 mL) provided by the Osaka University Microbial Disease Research Group Sodium hydrogen phosphate hydrate 3.53 mg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.54 mg, sodium chloride 8.50 mg, thimerosal 0.008 mg) were used.
- influenza vaccine (HA) antigen protein amount / phospholipid amount of AD vehicle solution / CVP weight 0.2 ⁇ g / 2.0 ⁇ g / 20 ⁇ g.
- the pH of the CVP-added mucosal vaccine was set within a range (7.0-7.2) in which the antigenicity of the HA antigen protein was maintained.
- this CVP-added mucosal vaccine is referred to as “HA + SF-10”.
- the SF-10 amount in other examples is also described as a value excluding the CVP amount.
- Example 1 a CVP-added mucosal vaccine having an HA antigen protein amount of 0.1 ⁇ g was prepared.
- the mixing ratio of the HA antigen protein, AD vehicle and CVP was the same as that in Example 1 (that is, containing AD vehicle 10 times the amount of antigen protein and CVP at a final concentration of 0.5%).
- Example 1 According to the method of Example 1, a CVP-added mucosal vaccine having an HA antigen protein amount of 0.03 ⁇ g was prepared.
- the mixing ratio of the HA antigen protein, AD vehicle and CVP was the same as that in Example 1 (that is, containing AD vehicle 10 times the amount of antigen protein and CVP at a final concentration of 0.5%).
- a mucosal vaccine (HA + AD vehicle) of Patent Document 3 was prepared.
- the HA antigen protein and AD vehicle were the same as those in Example 1, and the vaccine was prepared according to Example 1.
- the amount of HA antigen protein is 0.2 ⁇ g, and the amount of AD vehicle is 2.0 ⁇ g.
- the mucosal vaccine (HA + CVP) disclosed in Patent Documents 5 and 6 was prepared.
- the same HA antigen protein and CVP as in Example 1 were used, and the vaccine was prepared according to Example 1.
- the HA antigen protein amount is 0.2 ⁇ g and CVP is 0.5% final concentration.
- a mucosal vaccine (HA + HPC) disclosed in Patent Document 4 was prepared.
- the same HA antigen protein as in Example 1 was used, and HPC 6.0-10.0 (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) was used as the HPC.
- Preparation of the vaccine was in accordance with Example 1.
- the amount of HA antigen protein is 0.2 ⁇ g, and the amount of HPC is 20 ⁇ g.
- a mucosal vaccine (HA + AD vehicle + HPC) in which HPC was further added to the HA + AD vehicle of Patent Document 3 was prepared.
- the HA + AD vehicle was the same as in Comparative Example 1
- the HPC was the same as in Comparative Example 3, and the vaccine was prepared according to Example 1.
- the amount of HA antigen protein is 0.2 ⁇ g
- the amount of AD vehicle is 2.0 ⁇ g
- the amount of HPC is 20 ⁇ g.
- a mucosal vaccine (HA + poly (IC)) containing poly (IC) (Alexis Corp.), which is a ligand of dendritic cell Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) and stimulates antigen-presenting cells to stimulate antibody production (Asahi-Ozaki Y et al., Microbes Infect 2006; 8: 2706-2714, Ichinohe T, et al., J Virol 2005; 79 (5): 2910-2919).
- the amount of HA antigen protein is 0.2 ⁇ g
- the amount of poly (IC) is 2 ⁇ g.
- the HA antigen was diluted with physiological saline and used as a vaccine.
- the dose of HA antigen protein per animal is 0.2 ⁇ g. [Test 1]
- Mucosal vaccine HA + SF-10 (Example 1) ⁇ HA + AD vehicle (Comparative Example 1) ⁇ HA + CVP (Comparative Example 2) ⁇ HA + HPC (Comparative Example 3) ⁇ HA + AD vehicle + HPC (Comparative Example 4) ⁇ HA + poly (IC) (Comparative Example 5) ⁇ HA alone (Comparative Example 6) 2. Animals 6-8 weeks old female BALB / c female mice were purchased from Nippon SLC Co., Ltd. (Shizuoka, Japan) and used.
- Immunization was carried out by nasal administration of the same amount of specimens having the same composition as the second immunization in each group 2 weeks after the first immunization.
- the third immunization was performed in the same manner on the second week after the second immunization, and then a sample was collected on the second week. Although the vaccine is administered three times in total, almost the same result can be obtained even when the secondary immunization is completed. 4).
- Preparation of mouse nasal cavity / alveolar lavage fluid and serum A mouse nasal cavity / alveolar lavage fluid and serum were prepared 2 weeks after the third immunization, and IgA and IgG specific for virus HA antigen were measured.
- mice were laparotomized under pentobarbital anesthesia, the trachea was incised, Atom vein catheterized 3 Fr (Atom Medical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was inserted into the lung, and 1 mL of physiological saline was injected. The liquid was collected. This was repeated 3 times, and a total of 3 mL was used as the alveolar lavage fluid. After collecting the lung lavage fluid, an atom vein catheter was inserted from the incised trachea toward the nasal cavity, 1 mL of physiological saline was injected, and the fluid that came out of the nose was collected. This solution was used as a nasal wash.
- ELISA assay was performed according to the method of Mouse ELISA quantitation kit of BETHYL LABORATORIES (Texas, USA). 96-well Nunc immunoplate (Nalgen Nunc International USA, New York) Each well was added 1 ⁇ g of vaccine and bovine serum albumin (BSA, SIGMA USA, MO) 1 ⁇ g / mL PBS solution 100 ⁇ L, followed by overnight solidification at 4 ° C It was. Thereafter, the rinse vaccine solution was removed three times with a washing solution (50 mM Tris, 0.14 M NaCl, 0.05% Tween 20, pH 8.0).
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- the IgA amount is 24.77 ng / mL and the IgG amount is 0.54 ⁇ g / mL
- the IgA amount is 3307.60 ng / mL
- the amount of mL and IgG was 568.75 ⁇ g / mL, and it was enhanced 132 times with IgA in nasal wash and 1137 times with IgG in serum. It was confirmed that the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention (HA + SF-10) has a very strong antibody-inducing effect (FIG. 1, Table 1).
- the adjuvant effect of the AD vehicle is not just an excipient having a thickening effect, but an enhancement effect based on the characteristics of the AD vehicle.
- the amount of antibody production in the HA + SF-10 (Example 1) administration group was 11.4 times as high as IgA in nasal wash and 2.3 times as high as IgG in serum than HA + poly (IC) (Comparative Example 5).
- SF-10 does not directly activate antigen-presenting dendritic cells, but enhances antigen-presenting ability and increases antibody production, that is, SF-10 effectively effectively Was induced to induce antibody production [Test 3]
- Example 1 HA antigen protein amount: 0.2 ⁇ g
- Example 2 HA antigen protein amount: 0.1 ⁇ g
- Example 3 HA antigen protein amount: 0.03 ⁇ g
- Example 1 HA antigen protein amount: 0.2 ⁇ g
- Example 2 HA antigen protein amount: 0.1 ⁇ g
- Example 3 HA antigen protein amount: 0.03 ⁇ g
- Comparative Example 2 HA + AD vehicle (HA antigen protein amount: 0.2 ⁇ g)
- Comparative Example 3 Compared with HA + CVP (HA antigen protein amount: 0.2 ⁇ g), the antibody induction effect was much stronger. That is, the IgA amount in the administration group of Example 3 was 11.7 times that of Comparative Example 2, 8.0 times that of Comparative Example 3, and the IgG amount was 77.2 times that of Comparative Example 2 and 60.1 times that of Comparative Example 3.
- the CVP-added mucosal vaccine of the present invention produced a sufficient amount of antibody with a much smaller amount of antigen than the mucosal vaccines of Patent Document 3 (HA + AD vehicle) and Patent Documents 5 and 6 (HA + CVP). It was confirmed that it was possible.
- the virus infection prevention effect HI effect
- Example 2 a CVP-added mucosal vaccine having an AD vehicle amount of 0.3 ⁇ g and an HA antigen protein amount of 0.03 ⁇ g was prepared.
- the mixing ratio of the HA antigen protein, AD vehicle and CVP was the same as that in Example 1 (that is, containing AD vehicle 10 times the amount of antigen protein and CVP at a final concentration of 0.5%).
- Example 1 Each CVP of Example 1 (AD vehicle: 2.0 ⁇ g, HA antigen protein amount: 0.2 ⁇ g) and Example 4 (AD vehicle: 0.3 ⁇ g, HA antigen protein amount: 0.03 ⁇ g) was added to mice (10 mice in each group).
- Mucosal vaccines were administered in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and infected with 50 PFU and 800 ⁇ ⁇ PFU influenza viruses (A / PR8 (N1H1) / ⁇ L) 14 days after the second booster vaccine administration (total 3 immunizations) I let you.
- the amount of infectious virus that can achieve half-mortality is PFU ⁇ 5.
- 50 PFU is 9 days after infection, and more than 100 PFU is 8 days. All mice died within eyes.
- mice administered with the CVP mucosal vaccine of Example 1 and Example 4 survived for 15 days with a 50 PFU virus infection. Moreover, in the virus infection of 800 PFU, the death of the vaccine of Example 1 was 1 out of 10 animals (after 8 days), and the vaccine of Example 4 was 5 out of 10 animals (after 10 days).
- lyophilized powder was suspended in physiological saline to obtain a CVP-added mucosal vaccine.
- 2 ⁇ L of one nose per mouse is administered to both noses.
- the CVP in the vaccine solution contained in a total of 4 ⁇ L was adjusted to 0.5%
- the HA antigen protein amount was 0.2 ⁇ g
- the phospholipid amount of the AD vehicle was adjusted to 2.0 ⁇ g.
- this CVP-added mucosal vaccine is referred to as HA + SF-10-B.
- a lyophilized AD vehicle powder was dissolved in pure water and mixed with the same HA antigen protein solution as in Example. This suspension was heated to 42 ° C. for 10 minutes using a water bath, and stirred for 10 seconds with a mixer at 3 minutes and 7 minutes during the heating process to make the solution uniform. After the heating treatment, the suspension was frozen at ⁇ 30 ° C. to ⁇ 75 ° C. overnight and freeze-dried to prepare a dry powder. The lyophilized powder was stored at -30 ° C.
- HA + SF-10-C this CVP-added mucosal vaccine is referred to as HA + SF-10-C.
- Example 1 Addition of CVP in Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as “HA + SF-10-A”), Example 5 (HA + SF-10-B), and Example 6 (HA + SF-10-C)
- the mucosal vaccine was inoculated into mice (10 mice in each group) in the same manner as in Test Example 1 (3 times at 2-week intervals), and anti-influenza IgA and IgG antibodies were measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
- Example 6 (HA + SF-10-C) is about 2-4 times as much as IgA compared to Example 1 (HA + SF-10-A) and Example 5 (HA + SF-10-B).
- the antibody induction effect was about twice as much as that in the IgG amount. That is, it was presumed that the method of Example 6 (Step C) does not include an ultrasonic treatment step, and the addition of the CVP solution in the final step brings about an excellent antibody induction effect.
- CVP is a thickener polymer that improves the retention of the active ingredient in the nasal cavity, as well as hydroxypropyl cellulose (Patent Document 4), sodium alginate (Patent Document 7), and other excipients. Have been used as thickeners (Patent Documents 5 and 6).
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 have been used as thickeners.
- the CVP in the present invention enhances the binding between the antigen and the AD vehicle in combination with the AD vehicle, increases the amount of antigen taken into the antigen-presenting cells, and increases the AD vehicle effect. It turns out that it is strengthening. [Test 7]
- SF-10 (AD vehicle + CVP) (20 ⁇ g) described in Example 1 and the HA antigen protein (2 ⁇ g) described in Example 1 labeled with the fluorescent dye ATTO488 were mixed to obtain mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells ( 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells), and after 1 hour, the amount of fluorescent labeling of dendritic cells labeled with fluorescent dye-labeled HA antigen protein was measured by flow cytometry. Further, poly (I: C) (10 ⁇ g) described in Comparative Example 5 and the above-mentioned fluorescently labeled HA antigen protein (2 ⁇ g) were mixed, and the amount of the fluorescently labeled antigen similarly exhibited by dendritic cells was measured. The fluorescence exhibited by the dendritic cells reflects the amount of fluorescent dye-labeled HA antigen protein bound and taken up by the cells.
- the SF-10 mucosal vaccine of the present invention increases the amount of antibody production by promoting the binding and uptake of the antigen protein to the antigen-presenting cells, and further exhibits an excellent infection protection ability. It was confirmed that [Test 8]
- SF-10 of the CVP-added mucosal adjuvant of the present invention carried antigens to antigen-presenting dendritic cells to activate dendritic cells and promote antibody production.
- Test 8 dendritic cell activation dependent on SF-10 antigen transport confirmed in vitro was tested in mouse individuals (in vivo), and the same as in Test 8 was administered intranasally in the mouse.
- ⁇ Saline ⁇ Saline + HA antigen protein ⁇ SF-10 -SF-10 + HA antigen protein The animal experiment was conducted according to Test 1.
- HA antigen protein (0.2 ⁇ g) and SF-10 (2 ⁇ g) were those described in Example 1, and Poly (IC) (2 ⁇ g) was the same as in Comparative Example 5.
- CVP-added mucosal vaccine was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that pAA130 made by Sigma was used as CVP and the concentration was 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, or 1.0%.
- Mouse nasal wash IgA and serum IgG were measured by the method described in Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
(1)特許文献3の粘膜ワクチン(抗原+合成ペプチド+脂質)、または特許文献5、6の粘膜ワクチン(抗原+CVP)に比較して、「抗原+合成ペプチド+脂質+CVP」からなる粘膜ワクチンは遙かに優れた抗体誘導能を有しており、その効果は、特許文献3(抗原+合成ペプチド+脂質)と特許文献5、6(抗原+CVP)の単なる組合せから予測される範囲を大きく超えること。
(2)CVPと同様に点鼻薬や粘膜ワクチンのゲル化剤として広く報告されているHPC賦形剤は、抗原と併用、あるいは抗原とADビークルに併用した場合には全く抗体誘導能を持たず、粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを誘導する効果も期待できないこと。
(3)特許文献3の粘膜ワクチン(抗原+合成ペプチド+脂質)において必要な量の約1/5以下に抗原量を減じても、「抗原+合成ペプチド+脂質+CVP」の粘膜ワクチンは遙かに強力な抗体誘導効果を有すること。
(a)KnLm(ただしnは4-8、mは11-20)のアミノ酸配列からなる合成ペプチドと脂質とからなるADビークル;
(b)カルボキシビニルポリマー;および
(c)単独では、効果的な感染防御効果を生じさせる量の粘膜免疫IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることのない量の抗原蛋白
を含み、効果的な感染防御効果を生じさせる量の抗原特異的粘膜免疫IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることを特徴とする粘膜ワクチンである。
(a)KnLm(ただしnは4-8、mは11-20)のアミノ酸配列からなる合成ペプチドと脂質とからなるADビークル;
(b)カルボキシビニルポリマー;および
(c)単独では効果的な免疫誘導を生じさせる量の粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることのない量の抗原蛋白
を含み、効果的な免疫誘導と感染防御効果を生じさせる量の抗原特異的粘膜免疫IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることを特徴とする粘膜ワクチンの製造法であって、
(1)前記(a)および(c)を水に懸濁し、
(2)加温と攪拌とを1回以上反復し、
(3)凍結乾燥し、
(4)凍結乾燥体を生理食塩水に懸濁して所定濃度に調製し、
(5)前記(b)の溶液を加える、
ことを特徴とする製造方法である。
合成ペプチド
KnLm(ただしnは4-8、mは11-20)のアミノ酸配列からなる合成ペプチドでる。このKnLmはN末側のn個のK(Lys)残基とC末側のm個のL残基が連続している。このような合成ペプチドは、例えば以下のいずれかのペプチドである。なお、括弧内はペプチドの略号である。またアミノ酸残基は1文字記号で示している。
配列番号1(K6L16):KKKKKKLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
配列番号2(K6L11):KKKKKKLLLLLLLLLLL
配列番号1(K6L16)は、N末側の6個のK(Lys)残基とC末側の16個のL残基とからなり、配列番号2(K6L11)は、N末側の6個のK(Lys)残基とC末側の11個のL残基とからなる。これらの合成ペプチドは、公知の化学合成法に従って調製された、純度95%以上のものを使用する。
脂質
リン脂質としては、肺サーファクタントが含有するリン脂質、例えばホスファチジルコリン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルセリン、ホスファチジルグリセロール等の使用が望ましい。その他、ホスファチジルイノシトール、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジン酸、スフィンゴミエリン等を用いることができる。また、脂肪酸としては、ラウリル酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、パルミトオレイン酸、オレイン酸等を用いることができる。更に、肺の膨張が活発なクジラ、イルカ等の水棲動物に由来の脂質を用いることができる。
カルボキシビニルポリマー(CVP)
CVPはアクリル酸を主成分として重合して得られる親水性ポリマーであり、ハイビスワコー103、ハイビスワコー104、ハイビスワコー105、Sigma社製のpAA130(Sigma, St. Louis, MO, Cat No. 181293)、pAA450(Sigma, Cat No.181285)、pAA1250(Sigma, Cat No.306215)などの市販品を用いることができる。中でも化粧品や医薬品用ゲルの作成に汎用されているハイビスワコー104、Sigma社製のpAA130、pAA1250が好ましい。CVPを純水あるいは生理食塩水で超音波処理下に0.2-2.0重量%溶解液を作成した後、NaOH中和液でpH5.0-10.5の作成が可能であるが、ワクチン抗原の安定性に影響しないpHを選択することが好ましい。例えば、インフルエンザスプリットワクチン抗原の場合では、pH6.8-8.0、好ましくはpH7.0-7.2に調整する。
抗原
抗原は、ワクチン用に高度精製された純度が約90%以上の細菌由来抗原、ウイルス抗原、トキソイド等のタンパク質、糖タンパク質、アレルゲン、高分子の糖質や核酸等の抗原分子を含む。例えば、水痘ウイルス、麻疹ウイルス、ムンプスウイルス、ポリオウイルス、ロタウイルス、インフルエンザウイルス、アデノウイルス、ヘルペスウイルス、重症急性呼吸器感染症候群(SARS)ウイルス、ウエストナイルウイルス、ハンタウイルス、デングウイルス、日本脳炎ウイルス、黄熱ウイルス、ダニ媒介性脳炎ウイルス、HIVウイルス、C型肝炎ウイルス、百日咳菌、髄膜炎菌、インフルエンザb型菌、肺炎菌。コレラ菌、マラリア病原体、眠り病病原体などに対するワクチン用の抗原である。
ADビークルの調製
前記の脂質のうちの幾つかを任意の割合で混合し、脂質量として、例えば10mg/mLの濃度となるようにクロロホルム:メタノール(2:1(v/v))混合液に懸濁し、脂質成分とする。また、合成ペプチドは、例えば5.0mg/mL濃度となるようにエタノールに溶解する。次いで、この脂質成分と合成ペプチドとを混合する。混合比は、合成ペプチドが約0.2~約12.0乾燥重量%、脂質が約88~約99.8乾燥重量%である。この混合物をロータリーエバポレーターを用いて約40℃で乾固し、任意の濃度で10%エタノールに再懸濁し、約45℃の水浴中で15分間程度振盪混和し、均一分散液を調製し、凍結乾燥する。この乾燥物は約-30℃で保存し、使用時にその都度、純水または生理食塩水を加えて懸濁したのち、超音波、ホモジナイザー、ミキサー、振盪器等を用いて均一分散液とする。
CVP添加粘膜ワクチンの調製
前記のADビークル、CVPおよび抗原とを任意の割合で混合する。すなわち、インフルエンザワクチンの場合、ワクチン中の抗原蛋白量(A)に対するADビークル量(V)の乾燥重量比V/Aが所望の値になるよう、ワクチン原液にADビークル液を添加混合し調製する。マウス1匹当たりに投与する抗原蛋白の乾燥重量(A)は約0.01~約10 μg/kg体重、好ましくは約0.03~約5.0 μg/Kg体重である。この抗原量は、特許文献3の粘膜ワクチン(抗原+ADビークル)における抗原量(約0.1~50μg/kg体重、好ましくは約0.3~30 μg/Kg体重)の1/5以下である。
(1)ADビークルと抗原蛋白とを水(純水)に懸濁
(2)加温と攪拌とを1回以上反復
(3)凍結乾燥
(4)凍結乾燥体を生理食塩水に懸濁して所定濃度に調製
(5)生理食塩水に溶解したCVP溶液の添加
この方法は超音波処理による前記問題点を解決するだけでなく、後記試験5に示したように、さらに高い抗原特異的なIgAおよびIgGの産生を可能とする、優れた方法である。
まず、以下のとおりにADビークルを調製した。
ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン(DPPC)、ホスファチジルグリセロール(PG)、パルミチン酸(PA)を75:25:10 (w/w/w) の割合で混合し、リン脂質量として10 mg/mlの濃度になるようにクロロホルム:メタノール (2:1 (v/v))混合液に懸濁し、脂質成分とした。また純度95%以上の合成ペプチドK6L16 (KKKKKKLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL)(GenScript社製)を5.0 mg/mLになるようにメタノールに溶解した。脂質成分(DPPC:PG:PA = 75:25:10, w/w/w)溶液とK6L16ペプチド溶液を重量比として、リン脂質成分:K6L16= 100: 2となるように混合し、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて40℃で乾固した。これをリン脂質量として4 mg/mLとなるように、10%エタノールに再懸濁し、45℃の水浴中で15分間振盪混和し、均一分散液を調整した。これを凍結乾燥して、ADビークルとして-30℃で保存した。
なお、このCVP添加粘膜ワクチンのpHは、HA抗原蛋白の抗原性を維持する範囲(7.0―7.2)とした。
[比較例1]
[比較例2]
[比較例3]
[比較例4]
[比較例5]
[比較例6]
[試験1]
1.粘膜ワクチン
・HA+SF-10(実施例1)
・HA+ADビークル(比較例1)
・HA+CVP(比較例2)
・HA+HPC(比較例3)
・HA+ADビークル+HPC(比較例4)
・HA+poly (I.C.)(比較例5)
・HA単独(比較例6)
2.動物
6-8週齢、メスBALB/c雌マウスを日本エスエルシー株式会社(日本・静岡)から購入して用いた。全ての動物実験は徳島大学医学部実験動物センターの感染動物舎(P2レベル)で行われ、徳島大学医学部動物実験委員会のガイドラインに従って行われた。
3.免疫法
ワクチンの経鼻投与においては、上記1の5種の粘膜ワクチンを、片鼻に2μLづつを両側に投与して、合計4μLをケタラール(62.6 mg/Kg)及びセラクタール(12.4 mg/Kg)で麻酔したマウスの両側鼻腔に点鼻投与した。対照には、ワクチン液と同量の生理食塩水投与群および比較例6(HA抗原蛋白単独投与群)を用いた。各群は9-10匹のマウスから成る。
4.マウス鼻腔・肺胞洗浄液および血清の調製
3次免疫後2週間目のマウスの、鼻腔・肺胞洗浄液および血清を調製して、ウイルスHA抗原特異的なIgA、IgGの測定を行った。文献(Mizuno D, Ide-Kurihara M, Ichinomiya T, Kubo I, Kido H. Modified pulmonary surfactant is a potent adjuvant that stimulates the mucosal IgA production in response to the influenza virus antigen. J Immunol. 2006;176 :1122-30)記載の方法に準じて、以下のとおりに行った。
5.抗インフルエンザ抗体の定量
鼻腔、肺胞洗浄液および血清中の抗インフルエンザIgA、IgG含有量を、前記文献(Mizuno D, et al. J Immunol. 2006;176 :1122-30)の記載に従い、ELISA assayにより定量した。
6.結果
抗インフルエンザHA抗体の誘導結果を、鼻洗浄液中のIgA(左図1)、血液中のIgG(右図1)に示す。また、それぞれの測定値を表1に示す。また、図2および表2は各試験群のHI価を示す。
(1)HA抗原単独投与群(比較例6)のIgA量は24.77ng/mL、IgG量は0.54μg/mLに対して、HA+SF-10(実施例1)投与群ではIgA量が3307.60ng/mL、IgG量は568.75μg/mLであり、鼻洗浄液中のIgAで132倍に、血清中のIgGで1137倍に増強した。本願発明のCVP添加粘膜ワクチン(HA+SF-10)が極めて強い抗体誘導効果を有することが確認された(図1、表1)。
(2)HA+SF-10(実施例1)投与群における抗体産生量は、HA+ADビークル(比較例1)よりもIgAで15.6倍、IgGで150倍であり、HA+CVP(比較例2)よりもIgAで10.7倍、IgGで115.4倍であった(図1、表1)。HA+SF-10におけるこのような顕著に優れた抗体誘導効果は、特許文献3のおいて公知の粘膜ワクチン(HA+ADビークル)と、特許文献5、6において公知のCVPとの単純な組合わせから予測される範囲を遙かに超えるものであった。
(3)HA+HPC(比較例3)投与群の抗体産生量は、HA単独投与群(比較例6)と同様またはそれ以下であった。また、HA+ADビークル+HPC(比較例4)投与群の抗体産生量は、HA+ADビークル(比較例1)よりも低かった(図1、表1)。以上の結果から、CVPと同様に点鼻薬や粘膜ワクチンにおいてゲル化剤として広く知られているHPCは、抗原との併用およびADビークルとの併用において免疫誘導増強効果を持たないことが確認された。このことから、ADビークルのアジュバント効果の増強には、単に増粘効果を持つ賦形剤ではなくADビークルの特性を基盤としたその増強効果であることが推定される。
(4)HA+SF-10(実施例1)投与群における抗体産生量は、HA+poly(I.C.)(比較例5)よりも鼻洗浄液中のIgAで11.4倍、血清中のIgGで2.3倍であった(図1、表1)。この結果から、本願発明のCVP添加粘膜ワクチン(HA+SF-10)は、抗原提示細胞を強く刺激して抗体産生を促進するpoly (I.C.)よりも強い免疫誘導効果を有することが確認された。
[試験3]
[試験4]
実施例1と同様のHA抗原蛋白液に、凍結乾燥したADビークル粉末を純水に溶解して加え、次いでこの混合液に純水に溶解した1.0% CVPを等量混合して懸濁液を調整した。これを、超音波処理すること無くウォーターバスを用いて10分間42℃に加温処理し、加温処理中3分、7分時にミキサーで10秒間攪拌して液を均一化にした。加温処理後、懸濁液を-30℃~-75℃で一晩凍結させ、凍結乾燥を行って乾燥粉末体を作成した。凍結乾燥粉末は-30℃で保存した。要事に凍結乾燥粉末を生理食塩水に懸濁して、CVP添加粘膜ワクチンとした。マウス1匹当たり片鼻2μLを両鼻に投与する合計4μLに含まれるワクチン液中のCVPは0.5%、HA抗原蛋白量は0.2 μg、ADビークルのリン脂質量は2.0 μgに調整した。以下、このCVP添加粘膜ワクチンをHA+SF-10-Bと記載する。
実施例と同様のHA抗原蛋白液に、凍結乾燥したADビークル粉末を純水に溶解して混合調整した。この懸濁液を、ウォーターバスを用いて10分間42℃に加温処理し、加温処理中3分、7分時にミキサーで10秒間攪拌して液を均一化にした。加温処理後、懸濁液を-30℃~-75℃で一晩凍結させ、凍結乾燥を行って乾燥粉末体を作成した。凍結乾燥粉末は-30℃で保存した。要事に凍結乾燥粉末を、あらかじめ生理食塩水に溶解した0.5% CVP液で泡立たないように軽く攪拌、溶解してCVP添加粘膜ワクチンとした。マウス1匹当たり片鼻2μLを両鼻に投与する合計4μLに含まれるHA抗原蛋白量は0.2 μg、ADビークルのリン脂質量は2.0 μgである。以下、このCVP添加粘膜ワクチンをHA+SF-10-Cと記載する。
[試験5]
[試験7]
[試験8]
・生理食塩水
・生理食塩水+HA抗原蛋白
・SF-10
・SF-10+HA抗原蛋白
・Poly(I.C.)
・Poly(I.C.)+HA抗原蛋白
なお、HA抗原蛋白(2μg)およびSF-10(20μg)は実施例1に記載のものであり、Poly(I.C.)(10μg)は比較例5と同一のものを使用した。
[試験9]
・生理食塩水
・生理食塩水+HA抗原蛋白
・SF-10
・SF-10+HA抗原蛋白
なお、動物実験は試験1に準じておこなった。HA抗原蛋白(0.2 μg)およびSF-10(2 μg)は実施例1に記載のものであり、Poly(I.C.)(2 μg)は比較例5と同一のものを使用した。
[試験10]
CVPとしてSigma社製のpAA130を使用し、その濃度を0.1%、0.25%、0.5%、0.75%または1.0%とした以外は、実施例6と同様の方法によりCVP添加粘膜ワクチンを製造し、試験例1記載の方法によりマウスの鼻洗浄液IgAおよび血清IgGを測定した。
Claims (7)
- 以下の組成:
(a)KnLm(ただしnは4-8、mは11-20)のアミノ酸配列からなる合成ペプチドと脂質とからなるADビークル;
(b)カルボキシビニルポリマー;および
(c)単独では、効果的な免疫誘導と感染防御効果を生じさせる量の粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることのない量の抗原蛋白
を含み、効果的な免疫誘導と感染防御効果を生じさせる量の抗原特異的粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることを特徴とする粘膜ワクチン。 - 抗原蛋白(c)が、ADビークル(a)との組合せ、またはカルボキシビニルポリマー(b)との組合せによっても効果的な免疫誘導と感染防御効果を生じさせる量の抗原特異的粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることのない量である請求項1の粘膜ワクチン。
- 合成ペプチドが、配列番号1または2のアミノ酸配列からなる請求項1の粘膜ワクチン。
- 脂質が、ホスファチジルコリン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルセリン、ホスファチジルグリセロール、ホスファチジルイノシトール、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジン酸、ラウリル酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸およびオレイン酸の少なくとも1種である請求項1の粘膜ワクチン。
- 脂質が、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルグリセロールおよびパルミチン酸の3種脂質混合物である請求項3の粘膜ワクチン。
- 抗原蛋白が病原体に由来の不活化抗原、精製抗原、部分精製抗原、リコンビナント抗原又は無毒化毒素、アレルギーの原因となるアレルゲンである請求項1の粘膜ワクチン。
- 以下の組成:
(a)KnLm(ただしnは4-8、mは11-20)のアミノ酸配列からなる合成ペプチドと脂質とからなるADビークル;
(b)カルボキシビニルポリマー;および
(c)単独では、効果的な免疫誘導を生じさせる量の粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることのない量の抗原
を含み、効果的な免疫誘導を生じさせる量の抗原特異的粘膜免役IgAおよび血中免疫IgGを産生させることを特徴とする粘膜ワクチンの製造法であって、
(1)前記(a)および(c)を水に懸濁し、
(2)加温と攪拌とを1回以上反復し、
(3)凍結乾燥し、
(4)凍結乾燥体を生理食塩水に懸濁して所定濃度に調製し、
(5)前記(b)の溶液を加える、
ことを特徴とする製造方法。
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WO2013031827A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | 国立大学法人徳島大学 | Rsv粘膜ワクチン |
CN110548136A (zh) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-10 | 王美亮 | 汉坦病毒长肽疫苗 |
WO2020045155A1 (ja) | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | 国立大学法人徳島大学 | 免疫寛容誘導剤及びアレルギー性疾患の治療又は予防剤 |
WO2021206103A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-06 | 2021-10-14 | 応用酵素医学研究所株式会社 | 皮下投与型ワクチン |
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CN114681586A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-07-01 | 黑龙江省儒中医疗科技有限公司 | 一种流感外用疫苗及其制备方法 |
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