WO2011105578A1 - 複合体、集電部材、ガスタンクおよび燃料電池セル装置 - Google Patents
複合体、集電部材、ガスタンクおよび燃料電池セル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011105578A1 WO2011105578A1 PCT/JP2011/054378 JP2011054378W WO2011105578A1 WO 2011105578 A1 WO2011105578 A1 WO 2011105578A1 JP 2011054378 W JP2011054378 W JP 2011054378W WO 2011105578 A1 WO2011105578 A1 WO 2011105578A1
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- oxide layer
- fuel cell
- composite oxide
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- layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0215—Glass; Ceramic materials
- H01M8/0217—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type AMO3, A being an alkaline earth metal or rare earth metal and M being a metal, e.g. perovskites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite, a current collecting member, a gas tank, and a fuel cell device.
- Such a fuel cell is generally configured by storing a fuel cell device in which a plurality of fuel cells are combined in a storage container, and a fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas) is formed in the fuel electrode layer of each fuel cell. And air (oxygen-containing gas) is supplied to the air electrode layer to generate electricity.
- the plurality of fuel cells are electrically connected in series with a felt-like or plate-like current collecting member, respectively.
- a current collecting member is generally formed of a heat-resistant composite with easy workability, and is made of, for example, an alloy containing Cr.
- the current collecting member is made of an alloy containing Cr
- Cr diffusion Cr diffusion
- the heat resistance of the alloy is lowered as the amount of is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 a composite in which the surface of an alloy containing Cr is covered with a metal oxide film such as Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni (Patent Document 1). reference).
- a coating layer having a first layer containing Zn on the surface of the alloy containing Cr and a second layer containing ZnO and a metal element having a valence of +3 or more is provided on the first layer. It has been proposed to use a complex (see Patent Document 2).
- the composite of the present invention is provided in at least a part of the base material containing Cr and the surface of the base material, and among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, Zn and Al are the first and second most. And a first complex oxide layer having a spinel crystal structure.
- first, second, and third are contained first, second, and third most between the base material and the first complex oxide layer, and a spinel crystal
- a second complex oxide layer having a structure is preferably provided.
- the surface of the first complex oxide layer includes a zinc oxide layer or a third element having a spinel crystal structure, containing Zn and Mn in the constituent elements excluding oxygen first and second. It is preferable to have the complex oxide layer.
- the current collecting member of the present invention is for electrically connecting a plurality of fuel cells, and is formed of any one of the above composites, and includes a first composite oxide layer and a zinc oxide layer.
- the surface of the third complex oxide layer is used as a joint surface with the fuel cell.
- the gas tank of the present invention is for supplying a reaction gas to a fuel battery cell, and is formed of any one of the above-described composites.
- a physical layer is provided on the outer surface side.
- the current collecting member is disposed between a plurality of fuel cells, and the adjacent fuel cells are electrically connected to each other.
- Another fuel cell device of the present invention is formed by fixing a plurality of fuel cells to the gas tank.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a fuel cell device formed by the composite of the present embodiment
- (A) is a side view schematically showing the fuel cell device
- (B) is a dotted frame of the fuel cell device of (A). It is the top view which expanded a part of part enclosed by.
- a current collecting member 20 that is an example of the composite according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a current collecting member 20 shown in FIG. 1 is disposed between fuel cells to electrically connect a plurality of adjacent fuel cells (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).
- one joining portion 21a joined to one adjacent fuel cell, the other joining portion 21b joined to the other adjacent fuel cell, and both ends of the pair of joining portions 21a, b Are connected to each other as a current collecting part.
- a current collector is formed by alternately bending a plurality of strip-shaped joints 21a and 21b passed between the connection parts 22 arranged on the left and right sides with respect to the connection part 22, A plurality of portions are continuously formed along the longitudinal direction of the fuel cell through the conductive connecting piece 23 to form a continuous current collecting member 20.
- solid oxide fuel cells are known as fuel cells with high power generation efficiency.
- the solid oxide fuel cell can reduce the size of the fuel cell device with respect to unit power, and can perform a load following operation that follows a fluctuating load required for a home fuel cell.
- the solid oxide fuel cell is configured by storing a fuel cell device in which a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells are combined in a storage container.
- a fuel gas hydrogen-containing gas
- air oxygen-containing gas
- each member such as the current collecting member 20 and a gas tank (not shown) for supplying a reaction gas such as a fuel gas to the fuel cell is required to have heat resistance, and the base material forming each member As an alloy, an alloy containing Cr is used.
- a coating layer 205 is formed on the base material 201.
- oxygen was sequentially removed from the base material 201 side.
- the second composite oxide layer 202 having a spinel crystal structure, and among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, Zn Zn and Mn are included in the first complex oxide layer 203 having a spinel crystal structure, zinc oxide layer, or constituent elements excluding oxygen.
- the third composite oxide layer 204 having the second largest and having a spinel crystal structure is laminated. Note that although FIG.
- the present invention is not limited to this. However, it is sufficient if it comprises at least the first composite oxide layer 203.
- the base material 201 needs to have conductivity and heat resistance, it is preferably formed of an alloy containing two or more metals, and contains 4 to 30 parts by mass of Cr with respect to 100 parts by mass of the alloy. It is preferable to alloy.
- the composite containing Cr a Ni—Cr alloy or a Fe—Cr alloy can be used, and austenite, ferrite, and austenite-ferrite stainless steels can be used. Further, Mn may be contained as another element.
- the second composite oxide layer 202 includes a spinel-type composite oxide (hereinafter referred to as Zn—Cr—) containing Zn, Cr, and Mn in the first, second, and third elements among the constituent elements excluding oxygen. May be referred to as Mn-based spinel).
- the Zn—Cr—Mn spinel has a spinel crystal structure and includes a mixed phase of a Zn—Mn spinel and a Zn—Cr spinel and a Zn—Cr—Mn spinel.
- the elements of Zn, Cr, and Mn contained in the second composite oxide layer 202 are contained first, second, and third in the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and the order is not particularly specified.
- the elements of Zn, Cr, and Mn contained in the second composite oxide layer 202 are preferably contained in the second composite oxide layer 202 in a total amount of 75 mol% to 95 mol%.
- Zn—Cr-based spinel examples include ZnCr 2 O 4 and may contain elements such as Fe and Co. Further, ZnMn-based spinel includes ZnMn 2 O 4, and Zn (Mn, Fe) 2 O 4 and Zn (Mn, Co) 2 O 4 containing elements such as Fe and Co can also be used.
- the second complex oxide layer 202 is also an effective layer for reducing Cr diffusion.
- the thickness of the second composite oxide layer 202 is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of reduction of Cr diffusion and conductivity.
- Cr diffusion from the base material 201 includes the case where Cr vaporizes and diffuses outside as a gas (hereinafter sometimes referred to as vapor phase diffusion), and the case where Cr diffuses outside as a solid (hereinafter solid phase). Two types of diffusion may be considered. Therefore, in order to reduce gas phase diffusion, it is preferable to provide the second composite oxide layer 202 over the entire surface of the base material 201. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of reducing solid phase diffusion, the second composite oxide layer 202 preferably has a relative density of 93% or more, particularly 95% or more by the Archimedes method.
- the first complex oxide layer 203 is laminated so as to cover the surface of the second complex oxide layer 202, and Zn and Al are first and second among the constituent elements excluding oxygen. It contains a large amount of spinel-type complex oxide (hereinafter sometimes referred to as Zn—Al-based spinel). Zn—Al-based spinel can effectively reduce Cr diffusion. Thereby, it can be set as the composite with improved long-term reliability.
- the Zn and Al elements contained in the first composite oxide layer 203 are contained first and second in the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and the order thereof is not particularly specified.
- the first composite oxide layer 203 is preferably made of only a Zn—Al-based spinel, but the first composite oxide layer 203 may not be formed of only a Zn—Al-based spinel. Even in this case, Cr diffusion can be effectively reduced.
- the Zn—Al-based spinel is preferably contained in an amount of 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, based on the total amount of the first composite oxide layer 203.
- examples of the Zn—Al-based spinel include ZnAl 2 O 4 and the like.
- Other elements may be dissolved in the Zn—Al-based spinel.
- examples of other elements dissolved in the Zn—Al-based spinel include Mn, Fe, and Co.
- Zn—Al The conductivity of the spinel in the system can be improved.
- a Zn—Al-based spinel in which these elements are dissolved can be expressed as Zn (Al, Mn) 2 O 4 , Zn (Al, Fe) 2 O 4 , or Zn (Al, Co) 2 O 4 .
- the fact that other elements are dissolved in the Zn-Al spinel is obtained by taking an electron diffraction image of Zn-Al spinel particles using a TEM and then an element map of the STEM-EDS cation. By referring to the data, the elements constituting the spinel particles can be discriminated. Then, by analyzing and identifying the electron diffraction image, it can be confirmed that other elements are dissolved.
- the thickness of the first composite oxide layer 203 is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing conductivity and Cr diffusion.
- the third complex oxide layer 204 is provided so as to cover the surface of the first complex oxide layer 203, and Zn and Mn are the first and second most in the constituent elements excluding oxygen. And a composite oxide having a spinel crystal structure.
- the elements of Zn and Mn contained in the third composite oxide layer 204 are contained first and second in the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and the order is not particularly specified.
- the total sum of Zn and Mn elements contained in the third composite oxide layer 204 is preferably 50 to 80 mol% in the total amount.
- other elements contained in the third composite oxide layer 204 include Fe, Co, and Al. These elements are present as a solid oxide in a Zn—Mn-based spinel or as a complex oxide having a spinel crystal structure.
- the thickness of the third composite oxide layer 204 is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the zinc oxide layer may be used instead of the third composite oxide layer 204.
- the zinc oxide layer may contain an oxide containing a metal such as Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni.
- the zinc oxide content in the zinc oxide layer is preferably 70 mol% or more, preferably 90 mol% or more in the total amount.
- Zn 1 + ⁇ O becomes a cation-permeable n-type semiconductor and becomes an n-type impurity semiconductor by adding an impurity element having a high valence.
- Zn in ZnO is a +2 valent ion
- conductivity is imparted by dissolving a metal element that becomes an ion having a valence of +3 or higher.
- conductivity can be imparted by dissolving Fe or Al, which are ions having a valence of +3 or more.
- the covering layer 205 is composed of the first composite oxide layer 203, the second composite oxide layer 202, and the third composite oxide layer 204 or the zinc oxide layer depends on whether or not the current collecting member 20
- the covering layer 205 is cut, and the cut cross section is photographed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a nanobeam diffraction method or a limited field electron diffraction method, and the crystal structure is identified by image analysis. To do. Further, the element contained in the above-described crystal structure can be confirmed from STEM-EDS, and the compound can be identified based on the amount of the confirmed element. In addition, it can be confirmed from the result by STEM-EDS how many constituent elements except oxygen are present in each layer.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- a mixed powder obtained by mixing ZnO powder and Mn 2 O 3 powder in a molar ratio of 1: 1, an aqueous binder, and a diluent are mixed, and the second composite oxide layer 202 is mixed.
- the dipping liquid for the 3rd complex oxide layer 204 was produced.
- the powder of ZnO and the powder of Al 2 O 3 were blended so as to have a molar ratio of 1: 1, the blended powder (hereinafter referred to as blended powder) was mixed, and the temperature was 1050 ° C. for 2 hours.
- blended powder a Zn—Al-based spinel was prepared and pulverized to obtain a Zn—Al-based spinel powder.
- a powder, an acrylic binder, a diluent and a dispersing agent are mixed to prepare a dipping liquid for the first composite oxide layer 203.
- ZnO in which 3% by mass of Al was dissolved was pulverized to obtain ZnO powder in which 3% by mass of Al was dissolved.
- a ZnO powder, an acrylic binder, a diluent and a dispersant are prepared to prepare a dipping solution for the zinc oxide layer.
- the base material 201 containing Cr was dipped in the dipping solution of the second composite oxide layer 202, applied and dried on the entire surface of the base material 201, and then baked.
- a coating layer 205 was also formed using the same method for the first composite oxide layer 203 and the third composite oxide layer 204 or zinc oxide layer.
- a powder of ZnO powder prepared and prepared so that the molar ratio of the Mn 2 O 3 powder is 1: 1 (hereinafter referred to as a prepared powder).
- a prepared powder a powder of ZnO powder prepared and prepared so that the molar ratio of the Mn 2 O 3 powder is 1: 1
- a prepared powder Mixed and fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. for 2 hours to produce a Zn—Mn-based spinel sintered body, and a sputtering target for the second composite oxide layer 202 and the third composite oxide layer 204 make it.
- blended powder the powder of ZnO and the powder of Al 2 O 3 were blended so as to have a molar ratio of 1: 1, the blended powder (hereinafter referred to as blended powder) was mixed, and the temperature was 1050 ° C. for 2 hours.
- blended powder a sintered body of Zn—Al-based spinel is manufactured, and a sputtering target for the first composite oxide layer 203 is manufactured.
- ZnO powder and Al 2 O 3 powder were prepared so as to be 3% by mass with respect to ZnO, and the prepared powder (hereinafter referred to as prepared powder) was mixed, and the temperature was mixed.
- the prepared powder hereinafter referred to as prepared powder
- a second composite oxide layer 202, a first composite oxide layer 203, and a third composite oxide layer 204 or a zinc oxide layer are sequentially formed on the base material 201 by sputtering, so that a coating layer 205 is formed. can do.
- the surface of the substrate 201 made of a Cr alloy containing at least Mn is obtained by using a ZnO sintered body in which 3% by mass of Al is dissolved in the total amount as a sputtering target.
- heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 750 ° C., whereby the second composite oxide layer 202, the first composite oxide layer 203, and the third composite oxide are formed on the base material 201.
- a covering layer 205 including a physical layer 204 or a zinc oxide layer can be formed.
- the shape of the current collecting member 20 is not limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- a cylindrical shape, a mesh shape, or a plate-like member may be processed into a comb shape, and adjacent teeth may be alternately bent to the opposite side.
- the fuel cell device 30 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the fuel cell device 30 (hereinafter may be referred to as a cell stack device 30) has a pair of parallel flat surfaces, and a gas flow path 16 (for flowing a reaction gas (fuel gas) inside) (
- the fuel electrode layer 2 as the inner electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer 3, and the outer side are formed on a flat surface on one side of the columnar conductive support 10 having six in the fuel cell 1 shown in FIG.
- the air electrode layer 4 as an electrode layer is laminated in order.
- An interconnector 5 is stacked on the other flat surface, and a plurality of columnar (hollow flat plate) fuel cells 1 are erected.
- a current collecting member 20 is disposed between adjacent fuel cells 1 and is electrically connected in series to form a cell stack 31, and the lower end of each fuel cell 1 is connected to the fuel cell 1 as a reactive gas ( It is fixed to a gas tank 34 for supplying fuel gas).
- the cell stack device 30 is an elastically deformable conductive material having a lower end fixed to the gas tank 34 so as to sandwich the cell stack 31 from both ends in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 1 via the end current collecting members 24.
- a member 32 is provided.
- the lower end portion of the fuel cell 1 and the lower end portion of the conductive member 32 are fixed to the gas tank 34 by, for example, a bonding material (glass sealing material or the like) having excellent heat resistance.
- the gas flow path 16 provided in the support 10 communicates with a fuel gas chamber (not shown) of the gas tank 34.
- the current collecting member 20 and the fuel battery cell 1 are joined and the plurality of fuel battery cells 1 are electrically connected in series, but the coating layer provided on the current collecting member 20
- the surface of 205 is a joint surface joined to the fuel cell 1.
- the fuel cell 1 and the current collecting member 20 may be joined via a conductive adhesive (not shown).
- a conductive adhesive not shown.
- the fuel cell 1 is configured such that the support 10 also serves as the fuel electrode layer 2, and the solid electrolyte layer 3 and the air electrode layer 4 are sequentially laminated on one surface thereof, and the interconnector 5 is formed on the other surface. It can also be set as the structure which laminated
- Each member constituting the fuel cell 1 can be generally made from a known material.
- the inner electrode layer will be described as the fuel electrode layer 2 and the outer electrode layer will be described as the air electrode layer 4 unless otherwise specified.
- the end current collecting member 24 may be the same as the current collecting member 20 or may have a different configuration from the current collecting member 20. It is preferable to provide the above-described coating layer 205 also on the end current collecting member 24.
- the conductive member 32 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a current extraction portion 33 for extracting current generated by power generation of the cell stack 31 in a shape extending outward along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 1. ing. Since the conductive member 32 can also be made of the above-described composite as with the current collecting member 20, it is preferable to provide the above-described coating layer 205 also on the conductive member 32. Thereby, Cr diffusion can be reduced.
- Cr diffusion can be reduced by producing the current collecting member 20 and the conductive member 32 with a composite provided with the coating layer 205 containing Zn-Al spinel.
- the diffused Cr diffuses to the air electrode layer 4 of the fuel cell 1 or the interface between the air electrode layer 4 and the solid electrolyte layer 3, thereby increasing the electrical resistance and generating power from the fuel cell 1.
- Cr poisoning with reduced performance can be reduced.
- the gas tank 34 is easy to process and is formed of a composite containing Cr in order to reduce the heat resistance and the influence on the fuel cell 1 and the bonding material, and includes a Zn—Al-based spinel on the outer surface thereof.
- a first composite oxide layer 203 is provided. Thereby, Cr diffusion can be reduced.
- the inside of the storage container that stores the cell stack device 30 is in an oxidizing atmosphere by supplying an oxygen-containing gas (air or the like).
- an oxygen-containing gas air or the like.
- Cr contained in the base material 201 is oxidized, and when the fuel cell device is operating at a high temperature, a chromium oxide film may be formed on the outer surface of the gas tank 34.
- the outer surface (particularly the upper part) of the gas tank 34 located in the vicinity of the fuel cell 1 is exposed to a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, and a chromium oxide film is easily formed.
- this chromium oxide film is formed, there is a risk of volatilization of Cr vapor (so-called Cr volatilization).
- the volatilized Cr reaches the interface between the air electrode layer 4 or the air electrode layer 4 and the solid electrolyte layer 3. May increase the resistance, and the power generation performance of the fuel cell 1 may deteriorate.
- the gas tank 34 is formed by laminating the second complex oxide layer 202, the first complex oxide layer 203, and the third complex oxide layer 204 in this order on the outer surface of the Cr-containing base material.
- the coating layer 205 to be formed of the composite provided, Cr diffusion can be reduced, and formation of a chromium oxide film on the outer surface of the gas tank 34 can be suppressed.
- the gas tank 34 is preferably provided with a coating layer 205 on the outer surface side of the upper part of the base material containing Cr, and further, the coating layer is provided so as to cover the outer surface side of the base material containing Cr. More preferably, 205 is provided.
- the outer surface side of the gas tank 34 indicates a surface facing the outer side of the gas tank 34
- the inner surface side of the gas tank 34 indicates a surface facing the inner side
- each member is made of the composite of the present invention. It can also be produced. Thereby, Cr poisoning of the solid oxide fuel cell can be reduced.
- the inner surface side of the gas tank 34 configured to flow the fuel gas through the gas flow path 16 of the fuel cell 1 is disposed on the surface of the base material containing Cr, the second complex oxide layer 202, and the first complex oxidation.
- a case where the physical layer 203 and the third composite oxide layer 204 are coated in this order, that is, a case where the inner surface side of the gas tank 34 is in a reducing atmosphere will be described.
- the reason is not clear, but the Zn—Mn spinel in the second composite oxide layer 202 and the third composite oxide layer 204 and the Zn—Al system in the first composite oxide layer 203. It is considered that the spinel is decomposed in a reducing atmosphere and becomes a metal compound containing Zn.
- the metal compound containing Zn is carried from the inside of the gas tank 34 to the tip of the fuel cell 1 through the gas flow path 16 and is oxidized by the oxygen-containing gas in the vicinity of the tip of the fuel cell 1.
- a metal oxide containing Zn is deposited in the vicinity of the outlet of the gas channel 16, and the gas channel 16 near the tip of the fuel cell 1 may be clogged. Therefore, it is preferable that the coating layer 205 is not provided on the surface exposed to the reducing atmosphere. In this case, since Cr is not oxidized in a reducing atmosphere, a chromium oxide film is not formed on the surface of the base material containing Cr, and thus there is no possibility of evaporation of Cr vapor.
- FIG. 5 is an external perspective view showing a fuel cell module 40 that houses a fuel cell device 30 as an example of the present embodiment.
- the fuel cell module 40 is arranged in a state where fuel cell 42 having a gas flow path (not shown) through which fuel gas flows is erected in a rectangular parallelepiped storage container 41.
- the fuel cell 42 is electrically connected in series via a current collecting member (not shown) to form a cell stack 44, and the lower end of the fuel cell 42 is insulatively bonded to a glass sealing material or the like.
- the cell stack device 30 is configured to be fixed to the gas tank 43 with a material (not shown).
- the cell stack 44 in order to obtain the fuel gas used in the fuel battery cell 42, the cell stack 44 includes a reformer 45 for reforming raw fuel such as natural gas or kerosene to generate fuel gas. It is arranged above.
- the fuel gas generated by the reformer 45 is supplied to the gas tank 43 via the gas distribution pipe 46 and supplied to the gas flow path 16 provided inside the fuel battery cell 42 via the gas tank 43. .
- FIG. 5 shows a state in which a part (front and rear surfaces) of the storage container 41 is removed and the cell stack device 30 and the reformer 45 housed inside are taken out rearward.
- the cell stack device 30 can be slid and stored in the storage container 41.
- the cell stack device 30 may include a reformer 45.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduction member 48 provided inside the storage container 41 is disposed between the cell stacks 44 juxtaposed to the gas tank 43, and the oxygen-containing gas (air) flows into the fuel gas. Accordingly, the oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the lower end portion of the fuel cell 42 so that the side of the fuel cell 42 flows from the lower end portion toward the upper end portion. Then, by burning the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas discharged from the gas flow path 16 of the fuel battery cell 42 on the upper end side of the fuel battery cell 42, the temperature of the fuel battery cell 42 can be raised, The activation of the cell stack device 30 can be accelerated.
- the fuel gas discharged from the gas flow path 16 of the fuel battery cell 42 is burned on the upper end side in the longitudinal direction of the fuel battery cell 42 to be disposed above the fuel battery cell 42 (cell stack 44).
- the reformer 45 can be warmed. Thereby, the reforming reaction can be efficiently performed in the reformer 45.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the fuel cell device 50 of the present invention in which the fuel cell module 40 shown in FIG. 5 is housed in an outer case. In FIG. 6, a part of the configuration is omitted.
- the fuel cell device 50 shown in FIG. 6 divides the inside of an exterior case composed of a column 56 and an exterior plate 57 into upper and lower portions by a partition plate 58, and the module storage chamber 54 that houses the above-described fuel cell module 40 on the upper side.
- the lower side is configured as an auxiliary equipment storage chamber 53 for storing auxiliary equipment for operating the fuel cell module 40. It should be noted that accessories stored in the accessory storage chamber 53 are omitted.
- the partition plate 58 is provided with an air circulation port 51 for flowing the air in the auxiliary machine storage chamber 53 to the module storage chamber 54 side, and a part of the exterior plate 57 constituting the module storage chamber 54 An exhaust port 52 for exhausting the air in the module storage chamber 54 is provided.
- the fuel cell module 40 capable of improving long-term reliability is housed in the module housing chamber 54, so that the fuel having excellent long-term reliability is obtained.
- a battery device can be obtained.
- the composite of the present invention is not limited to a solid oxide fuel cell, but can be used in each member such as a storage container used under high temperature conditions.
- the present invention can also be effectively used in a molten carbonate fuel cell that generates power at 600 to 700 ° C. as another fuel cell.
- a bonding layer formed of the same kind of material as the conductive adhesive on the coating layer 205 in order to improve the adhesion between the conductive adhesive and the coating layer 205. (Not shown) may be provided.
- a LaFeO 3 -based or LaMnO 3 -based perovskite oxide can be used.
- the first composite oxide layer 203 containing Zn—Al-based spinel is provided on the base material 201 without providing the second composite oxide layer 202. You may provide directly. Even in that case, Cr diffusion can be suppressed.
- a Zn—Al-based spinel material powder of the first composite oxide layer shown in Table 1 is prepared.
- a ZnO powder was prepared so that the Al 2 O 3 powder had a molar ratio of 1: 1, and the prepared powder (hereinafter referred to as a prepared powder) was molded and fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. for 2 hours.
- a sputtering target material made of —Al-based spinel was prepared, and the sintered body was further pulverized to obtain a Zn—Al-based spinel powder.
- ZnO powder was prepared so that Al 2 O 3 powder was 3% by mass in the total amount, and the prepared powder was molded, and the temperature was 1050 ° C. for 2 hours.
- a target material for sputtering composed of a sintered body of ZnO in which 3% by mass of Al was dissolved was produced, and the sintered body was further pulverized.
- ZnO powder in which 3% by mass of Al for 4, 10, 12, 14 was dissolved was obtained.
- Blend powder the powder of ZnO was blended so that the molar ratio of Mn 2 O 3 powder was 1: 1, and the blended powder (hereinafter referred to as blended powder) was molded at a temperature of 1050 ° C.
- the target material for sputtering made of a sintered body of Zn—Mn spinel was prepared by firing for 2 hours, and the sintered body was further pulverized to obtain a Zn—Mn spinel powder.
- sample No. A ball mill with an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m was used for Mn 2 O 3 powder, ZnO powder containing 3% by mass of Al, Zn—Mn spinel powder and Zn—Al spinel powder.
- Each powder was pulverized and pulverized, an acrylic binder, mineral spirits as a diluent, and DBP as a dispersant were prepared to prepare each dipping solution.
- each layer is provided by sputtering on an alloy formed of a 0.4 mm thick, 20 mm long, 20 mm wide Fe—Cr heat-resistant alloy plate (containing 75 mass% Fe, the balance including Cr, Mn, Ni). It was.
- the above-mentioned alloy was immersed in the dipping solution for each layer for each sample and applied to the entire surface of the alloy. Thereafter, drying was performed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour, binder removal treatment was performed at 500 ° C. for 2 hours, and baking was performed in a furnace at 950 to 1050 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Sample No. 14 the above alloy was immersed in a ZnO dipping solution containing 3% by mass of Al so as to have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, and applied to the entire surface of the alloy. Thereafter, drying was performed at 130 ° C. for 1 hour, debinding treatment was performed at 500 ° C. for 2 hours, and baking was performed at 950 to 1050 ° C. for 2 hours to prepare a sample.
- Sample No. Nos. 5 to 9, 12, and 13 use a ZnO sputtering target in which 3% by mass of Al is dissolved in the alloy, and 3% by mass of Al is formed on the surface of the alloy containing Cr so that the thickness becomes 2 ⁇ m.
- a solid solution ZnO layer is formed by sputtering. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 750 ° C. to form each layer shown in Table 1.
- an alloy provided with a coating layer is immersed in a slurry obtained by adding LaSrCoFe powder having an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m, an acrylic binder, and a glycol solvent, and the surface of the coating layer is thickened.
- a 15 ⁇ m thick conductive adhesive (LaSrCoFe layer) was provided and baked at the same temperature to prepare a test piece.
- the cross section of the conductive adhesive was confirmed by EPMA (wavelength dispersive X-ray microanalyzer).
- EPMA wavelength dispersive X-ray microanalyzer
- JXA-8100 manufactured by JEOL Ltd. was used for the analysis of EPMA.
- the measurement conditions were a pressurization voltage of 15 kV, a probe current of 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 A, and an analysis area of 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
- the spectral crystal was LiF.
- the Cr content was measured at 10 ⁇ m from the interface between the first composite oxide layer and the conductive adhesive to the conductive adhesive side, and the results are shown in Table 1.
- the conductive adhesive (LSCF layer) easily reacts with Cr to form a reaction product. Therefore, when Cr diffuses into the conductive adhesive, the reaction product of Cr with the conductive adhesive is used. Form. Therefore, the diffusion of Cr can be confirmed by determining the Cr amount (% by mass) in the cross section of the conductive adhesive.
- Zn—Mn in Table 1 represents a Zn—Mn spinel
- Zn—Al in Table 1 represents a Zn—Al spinel
- ZnO in Table 1 is a solid solution of 3 mass% Al. ZnO is shown.
- No. 7 is a sample No. 7 in which the first composite oxide layer is formed of Zn—Al spinel and Zn—Mn spinel. It was found that the Cr diffusion can be further reduced by forming the first composite oxide layer with a Zn—Al-based spinel and having a Cr content of 4% by mass less than that of 5.
- sample no. Sample No. 9 in which the third complex oxide layer is not provided It has been found that the Cr diffusion can be further suppressed by providing the third composite oxide layer with the Cr content being 2 mass% less than 2.
- No. No. 13 is a sample No. 13 in which the second composite oxide layer and the third composite oxide layer are formed of ZnO in which 3% by mass of Al is dissolved. Compared to 8, the Cr content is 3% by mass, and the second composite oxide layer and the third composite oxide layer are made of Zn—Mn spinel to further suppress Cr diffusion. I knew it was possible.
- the second composite oxide layer and the third composite oxide layer were prepared by sputtering of Zn—Mn spinel, and the first composite oxide layer was prepared by sputtering of Zn—Al spinel. No. No. 11 had no Cr diffusion.
- sample No. 2 was prepared by dipping ZnO in which 3% by mass of Al was dissolved.
- No. 15 had no Zn—Al-based spinel formed. Although the reason is not clear, it is considered that ZnO was not uniformly formed on the surface of the substrate when the coating layer was produced by dipping.
- Samples N0.10 to N13 have Zn—Mn spinel formed as the second composite oxide layer, Zn—Al spinel formed as the first composite oxide layer, and the third composite oxide. Zn—Mn spinel was formed as the oxide layer, and Cr in the conductive adhesive was not diffused.
- Fuel cell 20 Current collecting member 201: Base material 202: Second complex oxide layer 203: First complex oxide layer 204: Third complex oxide layer 205: Cover layer 30: Fuel cell Device 31: Cell stack 34: Gas tank 40: Fuel cell module 50: Fuel cell device
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Abstract
Description
さらに、前記第1の複合酸化物層の表面上に、酸化亜鉛層または酸素を除いた構成元素の中でZnとMnとを一番目および二番目に多く含み、スピネル型結晶構造を有する第3の複合酸化物層を有することが好ましい。
20 :集電部材
201 :基材
202 :第2の複合酸化物層
203 :第1の複合酸化物層
204 :第3の複合酸化物層
205 :被覆層
30 :燃料電池セル装置
31 :セルスタック
34 :ガスタンク
40 :燃料電池モジュール
50 :燃料電池装置
Claims (8)
- Crを含有する基材と、該基材の表面上の少なくとも一部に設けられ、酸素を除いた構成元素の中でZnとAlとを一番目および二番目に多く含み、スピネル型結晶構造を有する第1の複合酸化物層と、を有する複合体。
- 前記基材と前記第1の複合酸化物層との間に、酸素を除いた構成元素の中でZnとCrとMnとを一番目、二番目および三番目に多く含み、スピネル型結晶構造を有する第2の複合酸化物層を有する請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 前記第1の複合酸化物層の表面上に、酸化亜鉛層を有する請求項1または2に記載の複合体。
- 前記第1の複合酸化物層の表面上に、酸素を除いた構成元素の中でZnとMnとを一番目および二番目に多く含み、スピネル型結晶構造を有する第3の複合酸化物層が設けられている請求項1または2に記載の複合体。
- 複数個の燃料電池セルをそれぞれ電気的に接続するための集電部材であって、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の複合体により形成され、前記第1の複合酸化物層、前記酸化亜鉛層または前記第3の複合酸化物層の表面が前記燃料電池セルとの接合面とされている集電部材。
- 燃料電池セルに反応ガスを供給するためのガスタンクであって、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の複合体により形成され、前記第1の複合酸化物層、前記酸化亜鉛層または前記第3の複合酸化物層が外面側に設けられているガスタンク。
- 請求項5に記載の集電部材が、複数の燃料電池セル間に配置され、隣接する前記燃料電池セル同士を電気的に接続してなる燃料電池セル装置。
- 請求項6に記載のガスタンクに複数の燃料電池セルを固定してなる燃料電池セル装置。
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KR1020127021178A KR101462973B1 (ko) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | 복합체, 집전부재, 가스 탱크 및 연료전지셀 장치 |
CN201180008708.6A CN102753729B (zh) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | 复合体、集电部件、储气罐和燃料电池单元装置 |
EP11747534.3A EP2540866B1 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | Composite body, collector member, gas tank, and fuel cell device |
US13/580,639 US9935320B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | Composite body, collector member, gas tank, and fuel cell device |
JP2011525310A JP5230812B2 (ja) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | 複合体、集電部材、ガスタンクおよび燃料電池セル装置 |
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Cited By (6)
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JP2012216508A (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-11-08 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用セルおよびセル間接続部材 |
WO2013077445A1 (ja) | 2011-11-25 | 2013-05-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | 複合体、集電部材および燃料電池セル装置ならびに燃料電池装置 |
JP2013229317A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-11-07 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用セルおよび燃料電池用セル間接続部材 |
JP2014072035A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Kyocera Corp | セルスタックおよび燃料電池モジュール並びに燃料電池装置 |
JP2017119916A (ja) * | 2012-05-17 | 2017-07-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 導電部材およびセルスタックならびに電気化学モジュール、電気化学装置 |
JPWO2021172481A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 |
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JP6383003B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-06 | 2018-08-29 | 京セラ株式会社 | 導電部材、セルスタック装置、モジュール、モジュール収納装置および導電部材の製造方法 |
CN107710476B (zh) * | 2015-06-30 | 2020-11-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 燃料电池 |
TWI763812B (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-05-11 | 日商大阪瓦斯股份有限公司 | 電化學裝置、能源系統、及固態氧化物型燃料電池 |
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WO2013077445A1 (ja) | 2011-11-25 | 2013-05-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | 複合体、集電部材および燃料電池セル装置ならびに燃料電池装置 |
JP5329007B1 (ja) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-10-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | 複合体、集電部材および燃料電池セル装置ならびに燃料電池装置 |
CN103946422A (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-07-23 | 京瓷株式会社 | 复合体、集电构件和燃料电池单元装置以及燃料电池装置 |
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JP2017119916A (ja) * | 2012-05-17 | 2017-07-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 導電部材およびセルスタックならびに電気化学モジュール、電気化学装置 |
JP2014072035A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Kyocera Corp | セルスタックおよび燃料電池モジュール並びに燃料電池装置 |
JPWO2021172481A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 | ||
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JP7413502B2 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2024-01-15 | 京セラ株式会社 | セルスタック装置、モジュール、モジュール収容装置および導電部材 |
Also Published As
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KR20120101594A (ko) | 2012-09-13 |
CN102753729A (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
EP2540866B1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
EP2540866A4 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
CN102753729B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
JPWO2011105578A1 (ja) | 2013-06-20 |
US9935320B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
KR101462973B1 (ko) | 2014-11-19 |
JP5230812B2 (ja) | 2013-07-10 |
US20120315564A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
EP2540866A1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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