WO2011078188A1 - 純銅板の製造方法及び純銅板 - Google Patents
純銅板の製造方法及び純銅板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011078188A1 WO2011078188A1 PCT/JP2010/073045 JP2010073045W WO2011078188A1 WO 2011078188 A1 WO2011078188 A1 WO 2011078188A1 JP 2010073045 W JP2010073045 W JP 2010073045W WO 2011078188 A1 WO2011078188 A1 WO 2011078188A1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001887 electron backscatter diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of producing a pure copper plate having a good quality, and more particularly, a method of producing a pure copper plate having fine and uniform crystal grains, and a good processability produced by the method.
- a pure copper plate having various qualities Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-290204, filed Dec. 22, 2009, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-26454, filed Feb. 9, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. I will use it.
- a pure copper sheet is usually produced by hot rolling or forging a pure copper ingot, cold rolling or cold forging, and then performing heat treatment for strain removal or recrystallization.
- Such a pure copper plate is processed into a desired shape by sawing, cutting, embossing, cold forging, etc. and used. It is required to be small.
- the pure copper plate manufactured by the above-mentioned method is used as a sputtering target for wiring materials of a semiconductor element in recent years.
- Al specific resistance: about 3.1 ⁇ ⁇ cm
- copper wiring with a specific resistance of about 1.7 ⁇ ⁇ cm
- copper is often electroplated. Sputter deposition of pure copper is performed as a layer).
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional method for industrially producing such pure copper targets for sputtering, in Patent Document 1, a pure copper ingot having a purity of 99.995 wt% or more is hot-worked and then annealed at a temperature of 900 ° C. or less And then subjected to cold rolling at a reduction ratio of 40% or more, and then recrystallization annealing at a temperature of 500 ° C. or less to have a substantially recrystallized structure and an average grain size of 80 ⁇ m or less There is disclosed a method of obtaining a copper target for sputtering which has a Vickers hardness of 100 or less.
- Patent Document 2 after subjecting a high purity copper ingot of 5N or more to hot working such as hot forging or hot rolling at a working ratio of 50% or more, it is further subjected to cold rolling or cold forging By performing cold working at a working ratio of 30% or more and performing heat treatment at 350 to 500 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours, the contents of Na and K are each 0.1 ppm or less, Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, The content of each of Ca and Mg is 1 ppm or less, the content of each of carbon and oxygen is 5 ppm or less, the content of each of U and Th is 1 ppb or less, and the content of copper excluding gas components is 99.999% or more.
- the average grain size on the sputtering surface is 250 ⁇ m or less, the dispersion of the average grain size is within ⁇ 20%, and the X-ray diffraction intensity ratio I (111) / I (200) is 2.4 or more on the sputtering surface, the dispersion is ⁇ 20 How to obtain the sputtering copper target is within is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 the surface layer of an ingot made of high purity copper having a purity of 6 N or more and an additive element is removed, and obtained through hot forging, hot rolling, cold rolling, and heat treatment.
- a copper alloy sputtering target containing 0.5 to 4.0 wt% of Al and 0.5 wt ppm or less of Si, and a copper alloy sputtering target containing 0.5 to 4.0 wt% of Sn and Mn of 0.5 wt ppm or less There is disclosed a target and a copper alloy sputtering target containing one or more selected from Sb, Zr, Ti, Cr, Ag, Au, Cd, In, and As in a total amount of 1.0 wt ppm or less.
- the manufactured ingot after removing the surface layer of the manufactured ingot to make ⁇ 160 mm ⁇ thickness 60 mm, it is hot forged at 400 ° C. to ⁇ 200, and then hot rolled at 400 ° C. to ⁇ 270 mm ⁇ There is a description that it is rolled to a thickness of 20 mm and further cold rolled to a diameter of 360 mm and a thickness of 10 mm and heat treated at 500 ° C. for 1 hour, and then the entire target is quenched to make a target material.
- a pure copper ingot is subjected to hot forging or hot rolling in order to obtain a homogeneous and stable recrystallized structure. After that, cold forging and cold rolling are performed, and heat treatment is further performed.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a method of producing a simple pure copper plate which does not require cold forging or cold rolling after hot forging or hot rolling and subsequent heat treatment.
- the present invention also provides a fine copper plate having good processability with less fine and homogeneous residual stress obtained by the manufacturing method, particularly suitable for sputtering copper target material.
- Another object of the present invention is to obtain a pure copper plate which has a fine and homogeneous structure, has good processability, and in particular can be processed by heavy cutting.
- the present inventors promote recrystallization and fine and homogeneous crystals by cold forging and cold rolling after hot forging and hot rolling, and subsequent heat treatment of pure copper ingots. Hot rolling of pure copper ingots under certain conditions to suppress grain growth and quenching under certain conditions to stop grain growth without resorting to conventional methods of obtaining grains Thus, it has been found that a pure copper plate having small residual stress and fine uniform grains can be manufactured at low cost.
- a pure copper ingot having a purity of 99.96 wt% or more is heated to 550 ° C. to 800 ° C., and the rolling reduction temperature is 85% or more.
- quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000.degree. C./min until the temperature at the end of the rolling reaches a temperature of 200.degree. C. or less.
- the hot rolling end temperature 500 to 700.degree.
- the hot rolling finish temperature exceeds 700 ° C.
- the crystal grains become large rapidly, and it is difficult to obtain fine crystal grains even if the quenching is performed thereafter.
- the hot rolling finish temperature is less than 500 ° C.
- the effect of refining the crystal grain size is saturated, and lowering the temperature beyond that does not contribute to refining.
- the rolling temperature is low, excessive energy is required to obtain a desired total rolling reduction, and the processing is difficult.
- the starting temperature of hot rolling is set to 550 to 800 ° C.
- the total rolling ratio by hot rolling it is preferable to set the total rolling ratio by hot rolling to 85% or more, and increase of crystal grains can be suppressed by the large energy of 85% or more to reduce the variation.
- the total rolling reduction is less than 85%, the crystal grains tend to be large, and the variation thereof becomes large.
- quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature reaches 200 ° C. or less. If the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- a more preferable cooling rate is in the range of 300 to 600 ° C./min. By cooling to a temperature of 200 ° C. or less at a cooling rate in such a range, it is possible to stop the growth of crystal grains and obtain fine crystal grains. If quenching is stopped at a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., then there is a risk that crystal grains will gradually grow by being left at the high temperature state.
- the pure copper plate produced by the production method of the present invention has an average crystal grain size of 30 to 80 ⁇ m, a Vickers hardness of 40 to 70, and a residual strain of 3% or less measured by EBSD method. It is characterized by When the number of large crystal grains having an average crystal grain size of more than 80 ⁇ m is large, it is easy for the surface to be finely milled by cutting. When this muzzle occurs, for example, when used as a sputtering target, the emission direction of the sputtered particles is not uniform and dispersion occurs, which also causes generation of particles. It is not realistic to set the average grain size to less than 30 ⁇ m, which results in an increase in manufacturing cost.
- the amount of muffle and deformation at the time of processing to a desired shape during use can be reduced by sawing, cutting, embossing, cold forging, etc.
- the directionality of sputtered particles can be made uniform.
- the residual strain measured by the EBSD method is 3% or less and the residual stress is small, so that the processing accuracy is good.
- the peak value in the histogram of crystal grain size is present at a frequency of 60% or more of the total frequency within the range of 20 to 80 ⁇ m, and the half width is 70 ⁇ m or less It is characterized by In particular, when the above numerical value of the histogram of crystal grain size is within the above range, the homogeneity of crystal grains is increased and it is suitable for a material as a sputtering target.
- the pure copper plate of the present invention is suitable for use as a sputtering target.
- the sputter particles can be emitted in the same direction, and a uniform and dense film can be formed.
- the present inventors hot-roll a pure copper ingot under certain conditions in order to suppress the growth of crystal grains, and quench them under certain conditions in order to stop grain growth. After cold rolling and heat treatment, it has been found that it is possible to produce a pure copper plate which has fine and uniform crystal grains, is more excellent in workability, and enables processing particularly in heavy cutting.
- a pure copper ingot having a purity of 99.96 wt% or more is heated to 550 ° C. to 800 ° C., and the rolling reduction is 80% or more and the temperature at the end of rolling is 500 to 700 C., then rapidly quench at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000.degree. C./min from the temperature at the end of rolling to a temperature of 200.degree. C. or less, and then at a rolling reduction of 25 to 60%. It is characterized by cold rolling and annealing.
- the hot rolling end temperature 500 to 700.degree.
- the hot rolling finish temperature exceeds 700 ° C.
- the crystal grains become large rapidly, and it is difficult to obtain fine crystal grains even if the quenching is performed thereafter.
- the hot rolling finish temperature is less than 500 ° C.
- the effect of refining the crystal grain size is saturated, and lowering the temperature beyond that does not contribute to refining.
- the rolling temperature is low, excessive energy is required to obtain a desired total rolling reduction, and the processing is difficult.
- the starting temperature of hot rolling is set to 550 to 800 ° C.
- the total rolling ratio by hot rolling it is preferable to set the total rolling ratio by hot rolling to 80% or more, and it is possible to suppress the increase of the crystal grains and reduce the variation by the large energy which makes the total rolling ratio 80% or more.
- the total rolling reduction is less than 80%, the crystal grains tend to be large, and the variation thereof becomes large.
- quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature reaches 200 ° C. or less. If the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- a more preferable cooling rate is in the range of 300 to 600 ° C./min.
- the pure copper plate produced by the production method of the present invention is characterized by having an average crystal grain size of 10 to 80 ⁇ m and a Vickers hardness of 40 to 120.
- an average crystal grain size of 10 to 80 ⁇ m and a Vickers hardness of 40 to 120 When large crystal grains having a crystal grain size of more than 200 ⁇ m are mixed, it is easy for the surface to be finely milled by cutting.
- this muzzle occurs, for example, when used as a sputtering target, the emission direction of the sputtered particles is not uniform and dispersion occurs, which also causes generation of particles. It is not realistic to make the average crystal grain size less than 10 ⁇ m, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost.
- the number of muffles at the time of processing becomes smaller at the time of use by sawing, cutting, embossing, cold forging, etc., and used as a sputtering target In this case, the directionality of sputtered particles can be made uniform.
- the peak value in the histogram of crystal grain size is present at a frequency of 60% or more of the total frequency within the range of 10 to 80 ⁇ m and the half width is 60 ⁇ m or less It is characterized by In particular, when the above numerical value of the histogram of crystal grain size is within the above range, the homogeneity of crystal grains is increased and it is suitable for a material as a sputtering target.
- the pure copper plate of the present invention is suitable for use as a sputtering target. As described above, when the crystal grains are aligned, the sputtered particles are emitted in the same direction, and a uniform and dense film can be formed.
- a simple process of quenching after hot rolling a pure copper plate having small residual stress and having fine and uniform crystal grains and having good processability, particularly suitable as a copper target material for sputtering It can be manufactured at low cost. Further, according to the present invention, it has fine and uniform crystal grains, has good machinability, has little occurrence of muffle and the like even in heavy cutting, and has productivity in processing a copper target for sputtering and an anode for plating. It can be enhanced.
- the pure copper plate of the first embodiment is an oxygen-free copper having a purity of 99.96 wt% or more of copper, or an oxygen-free copper for an electron tube of 99.99 wt% or more.
- the average grain size is 30 to 80 ⁇ m, the Vickers hardness is 40 to 70, and the residual strain measured by EBSD method is 3% or less.
- this mushilet When the number of large crystal grains having an average crystal grain size of more than 80 ⁇ m is large, it is easy for the surface to be finely milled by cutting. As shown in FIG. 4, when this material is cut by a milling cutter or the like, this mushilet has a mark C in the direction orthogonal to the cutting direction in the cutting marks W generated in the cutting direction (direction indicated by arrow A). It is a fine unevenness which occurs in a streak as shown by. When this muzzle occurs, not only the product appearance is impaired, but also when it is used as a sputtering target, for example, the fine irregularities cause variations in the discharge direction of the sputtered particles, and unevenness occurs. Particles are generated.
- the average grain size it is not realistic to set the average grain size to less than 30 ⁇ m, which results in an increase in manufacturing cost. Also, by setting the residual strain measured by the Vickers hardness and the EBSD method within the above range, it is possible to obtain a desired shape during use by sawing, cutting, embossing, cold forging, etc. The deformation is reduced, and the directionality of sputtered particles can be made uniform as a sputtering target.
- the distribution of the crystal grain size is represented by a histogram curve as shown in FIG.
- the equivalent circular diameter of each crystal grain is calculated by observing the longitudinal cross section (plane viewed in the T.D. direction) along the rolling direction (R.D. direction) with an optical microscope, and 600 of these are calculated. It is measured and distributed, and the interval between the classes is 5 ⁇ m.
- the peak value is P and the half width is L
- the peak value P is present at a high frequency of 60% or more of the total frequency within the range of 20 to 80 ⁇ m
- the half width L is 70 ⁇ m It has a narrow width below.
- the histogram curve of the crystal grain diameter has a narrow and sharp mountain-like protruding shape, and the crystal grains exist in a uniform state.
- the peak value exceeds 80 ⁇ m
- the presence of large crystal grains tends to cause muffle at the time of cutting, and making the peak value less than 20 ⁇ m is difficult and impractical for manufacturing technology.
- the frequency of the peak value is less than 60%
- the histogram curve becomes gentle, the variation of the crystal grain size becomes large, and the presence of coarse crystal grains is likely to cause muffle, which is not preferable.
- Even when the half value exceeds 70 ⁇ m the problem of the mussel is likely to occur because the variation of the particle size is large.
- This manufacturing method is a simple process of quenching a pure copper ingot after hot rolling. Specifically, a pure copper ingot is heated to 550 ° C. to 800 ° C., and while reciprocating between a plurality of rolling rolls, the gap between the rolling rolls is gradually reduced and rolling is performed to a predetermined thickness. The total rolling reduction by the multiple rolling is set to 85% or more, and the temperature at the end of rolling is set to 500 to 700.degree. Thereafter, quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature at the end of rolling reaches a temperature of 200 ° C. or less.
- hot rolling is processed at a high temperature of 850 to 900 ° C. in a process of hot rolling ⁇ cooling ⁇ cold rolling ⁇ heat treatment.
- crystal grains are enlarged (coarsened), and therefore, even if the crystal grains are quenched, the crystal grains can not be refined to 80 ⁇ m or less.
- hot rolling is performed at a relatively low temperature state where the start temperature is 550 to 800 ° C. and the end temperature is 500 to 700 ° C.
- the end temperature of the hot rolling exceeds 700 ° C.
- the crystal grains become large rapidly, and it is difficult to obtain fine crystal grains even if the quenching is performed thereafter.
- the hot rolling finish temperature is less than 500 ° C.
- the effect of refining the crystal grain size is saturated, and lowering the temperature below that does not contribute to refining.
- the rolling end temperature is set to 500 to 700.degree.
- the start temperature of the hot rolling is set to 550 to 800 ° C.
- the rolling ratio per pass is more preferably 25% or more for the final stage of rolling among the plurality of times of rolling performed to achieve the total rolling ratio.
- the rolling ratio per pass is the reduction rate of the thickness of the base material after passing through the rolling roll relative to the thickness of the base material before passing through the rolling roll (or the rolling of this pass relative to the gap between the rolling rolls in the previous pass)
- the reduction ratio of the gap between rolls), and the total rolling reduction is the reduction ratio of the thickness of the base metal after the end of rolling relative to the base metal before rolling.
- water quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature reaches 200 ° C. or less. If the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- By cooling to a temperature of 200 ° C. or less at a cooling rate in such a range it is possible to stop the growth of crystal grains and obtain fine crystal grains. If quenching is stopped at a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., then there is a risk that crystal grains will gradually grow by being left at the high temperature state.
- quenching is performed to 200 ° C. or less, and then cold rolling is not performed to make a product of a pure copper plate, but after quenching, the final finish is slight ( It does not prevent cold rolling at a rolling ratio of several percent or less.
- the pure copper plate of the second embodiment is an oxygen-free copper having a purity of 99.96 wt% or more of copper, or an oxygen-free copper for an electron tube of 99.99 wt% or more.
- the average grain size is 10 to 80 ⁇ m, and the Vickers hardness is 40 to 120. If there are many large crystal grains, for example, 200 ⁇ m or more, which cause the average crystal grain size to exceed 80 ⁇ m, fine musculosities easily occur on the surface in heavy cutting. This mussel is shown in FIG. 4 and is similar to that described above.
- the average crystal grain size less than 10 ⁇ m, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost. Further, by setting the Vickers hardness in the above range, the number of muffles at the time of processing becomes small at the time of use by sawing, cutting, embossing, cold forging, etc., and sputtered particles as a sputtering target Directionality can be made uniform.
- the distribution of the crystal grain size is represented by a histogram curve as shown in FIG.
- This histogram is obtained by observing the longitudinal cross section (plane viewed in the T.D. direction) along the rolling direction (R.D. direction) with an optical microscope to calculate the equivalent circle diameter of each crystal grain, which is about 600 It is what is measured individually and made into distribution, and the space
- the peak value is P and the half width is L
- the peak value P is present at a high frequency of 60% or more of the total frequency within a range of 10 to 80 ⁇ m
- the half width L is 60 ⁇ m. It has a narrow width below.
- the histogram curve of the crystal grain diameter has a narrow and sharp mountain-like protruding shape, and the crystal grains exist in a uniform state.
- the peak value exceeds 80 ⁇ m
- the presence of large crystal grains tends to cause muffle at the time of cutting, and making the peak value less than 10 ⁇ m is difficult and impractical for manufacturing technology.
- the frequency of the peak value is less than 60%
- the histogram curve becomes gentle, the variation of the crystal grain size becomes large, and the presence of coarse crystal grains is likely to cause muffle, which is not preferable.
- the half value exceeds 60 ⁇ m, the problem of the mussel is likely to occur because the variation of the particle size is large.
- a method of manufacturing such a pure copper plate will be described.
- a pure copper ingot is heated to 550 ° C. to 800 ° C., and while the plate is reciprocated between rolling rolls a plurality of times, the gap between the rolling rolls is gradually reduced and rolling is performed to a predetermined thickness.
- the total rolling reduction by the multiple rolling is set to 80% or more, and the temperature at the end of rolling is set to 500 to 700.degree.
- quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature at the end of rolling reaches a temperature of 200 ° C. or less.
- it is cold-rolled at a rolling ratio of 25 to 60% and annealed by heating at 250 to 600 ° C. for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- the reason for setting the start temperature of hot rolling to 550 to 800 ° C. is the same as in the case of the first embodiment, as described above.
- the rolling reduction by hot rolling it is preferable to set the rolling reduction by hot rolling to 80% or more, and by setting the total rolling ratio to 80% or more, coarsening of the crystal grain size can be suppressed and the variation thereof can be reduced. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable to set the rolling reduction to 80% or more. When the rolling reduction is less than 80%, the crystal grains tend to be large, and the variation thereof becomes large. Of the multiple rounds of rolling performed to achieve this total rolling ratio, it is more preferable to set the rolling ratio per pass to 25% or more, as in the case of the first embodiment, in the final stage of rolling Yes, the details are described above.
- water quenching is performed at a cooling rate of 200 to 1000 ° C./min until the temperature reaches 200 ° C. or less. If the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- the cooling rate is less than 200 ° C./min, the effect of suppressing the growth of crystal grains is poor, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C./min, it does not contribute to further miniaturization.
- By cooling to a temperature of 200 ° C. or less at a cooling rate in such a range it is possible to stop the growth of crystal grains and obtain fine crystal grains. If quenching is stopped at a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., then there is a risk that crystal grains will gradually grow by being left at the high temperature state.
- cold rolling is performed to improve hardness and strength and to improve flatness to obtain a good surface condition, and a rolling reduction of 25 to 60% is made. If the rolling reduction is less than 25%, the required strength can not be obtained, and if it is rolled more than 60%, residual strain increases, and warpage etc. occur in cutting and the like, which is not preferable.
- Annealing is performed to adjust the cold-hardened material to a desired hardness.
- the annealing temperature is preferably 250 to 600 ° C., and the heating atmosphere may be used for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- the grain boundaries were clarified, and the area of each of the approximately 600 crystals (the area of the portion surrounded by the grain boundaries) was determined. Then, the crystals were regarded as circular, and the diameter (equivalent circle diameter) of the circle equivalent to the determined area was made the crystal grain size of each crystal grain, and the average value of them was determined. The same analysis and measurement were performed in three fields of view, and their average value was taken as the average grain size. Moreover, the histogram of each obtained crystal grain size was calculated
- ⁇ Vickers hardness> The Vickers hardness was measured by a method defined in JIS (Z2244) with respect to a longitudinal cross section (plane viewed in the T.D. direction) along the rolling direction (R.D. direction).
- Residual strain was determined by data analysis by EBSD method. Specifically, the area ratio of the high residual strain area was determined using the Grain Reference Orientation Deviation from the analysis menu provided in the software of the crystal analysis tool OMIVer.5.2 for scanning electron microscope manufactured by TSL Solutions, Inc. The specific calculation method performed by this software is as follows. (1) Measure the orientation of all measurement points (pixels) within the measurement area, and consider the boundary where the misorientation between adjacent pixels is 15 ° or more as a grain boundary, and the area surrounded by this is a grain Do. (2) Calculate the average value of the orientation data of all measurement points (pixels) in the crystal grain, and calculate the “average grain orientation”.
- the orientation data of each measurement point is compared with the average intra-grain orientation of the crystal grain to which it belongs, and the area occupied by measurement points (pixels) with a deviation from the average intra-grain orientation of 3 ° or more is high. It is defined as a residual strain area.
- the area ratio of the high residual strain area to the total observation area is calculated by the following equation. (Total area of high residual strain area in individual grains present in observation area / total area of observation area) ⁇ 100 (%) If the area ratio of the high residual strain area is 0 to 3% or less, it is judged that the residual strain is small, but if it is more than that, it is judged that the residual strain is large.
- Each sample is a flat plate of 100 ⁇ 2000 mm and a thickness of 20 mm, and the surface is cut with a milling cutter using a carbide cutting tool with a cutting depth of 1.5 mm and a cutting speed of 1000 m / min. The remaining thickness is 18.5 mm Of the flat plate, as shown in FIG.
- Each sample is a flat plate of 100 ⁇ 2000 mm, and the surface is cut with a milling cutter using a carbide cutting tool with a cutting depth of 0.1 mm and a cutting speed of 5000 m / min, within a 500 ⁇ m square field of view of the cutting surface It was examined how many mussels with a length of 100 ⁇ m or more were present. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the pure copper plate manufactured by the manufacturing method of this example has an average crystal grain size of 30 to 80 ⁇ m, is fine and uniform even in the histogram, has a low Vickers hardness, and has a small residual strain. there were.
- the pure copper plate of the comparative example large crystal grains having non-uniform average crystal grain size were scattered, and the Vickers hardness and residual strain were also larger than those of the examples.
- the processing warpage is very small, less than 0.1 mm, and the occurrence of muffle is extremely small, such as 0 to 2, whereas in the comparative example, the relatively large processing warpage occurs.
- several mussels are also generated, and it can be seen that the example of the example is excellent in the machinability.
- a cast ingot of oxygen free copper (purity 99.99 wt% or more) for an electron tube was used.
- the raw material dimensions before rolling were width 650 mm ⁇ length 900 mm ⁇ thickness 290 mm, and a plurality of conditions from hot rolling and subsequent cold rolling to annealing were combined as shown in Table 1 to produce a pure copper plate.
- the measurement of the temperature at the time of hot rolling was performed by measuring the surface temperature of the rolled plate using a radiation thermometer.
- the grain boundaries were clarified, and the area of each of the approximately 600 crystals (the area of the portion surrounded by the grain boundaries) was determined. Then, the crystals were regarded as circular, and the diameter (equivalent circle diameter) of the circle equivalent to the determined area was made the crystal grain size of each crystal grain, and the average value of them was determined. The same analysis and measurement were performed in three fields of view, and their average value was taken as the average grain size. Moreover, the histogram of each obtained crystal grain size was calculated
- ⁇ Vickers hardness> The Vickers hardness was measured by a method defined in JIS (Z2244) with respect to a longitudinal cross section (plane viewed in the T.D. direction) along the rolling direction (R.D. direction).
- Each sample is a flat plate of 100 ⁇ 2000 mm, and the surface is cut with a milling cutter using a carbide cutting tool with a cutting depth of 0.2 mm and a cutting speed of 5000 m / min, within a 500 ⁇ m square field of view of the cutting surface It was examined how many mussels with a length of 100 ⁇ m or more were present. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the pure copper plates produced by the production method of this example had fine and uniform histograms within the range of 10 to 80 ⁇ m in average crystal grain size.
- the pure copper plate of the comparative example large crystal grains having non-uniform average crystal grain size were scattered.
- the occurrence of the musselt is extremely small, such as 0 to 2 in the example, several mussels are also produced in the comparative example, and the example has excellent machinability.
- the pure copper plate of the present invention is also applicable to a sputtering target and a backing plate for the target, and in addition, an anode for plating, a mold, a discharge electrode, a heat sink, a heat sink, a mold, a water cooling plate, an electrode, for electricity
- the present invention can also be applied to terminals, bus bars, gaskets, flanges, printing plates and the like.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年12月22日に出願された特願2009-290204号、及び2010年2月9日に出願された特願2010-26454号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
また、従来の製造方法で製造された純銅板の加工においては、スパッタリングターゲットやめっき用アノード等の形状に仕上げる場合、生産性を高めるために重切削条件とすると、切削表面にムシレが生じ易い。
このような範囲の冷却速度にて200℃以下の温度まで冷却すれば結晶粒の成長を停止して微細な結晶粒のものを得ることができる。200℃を超える温度で急冷を止めてしまうと、その後、その高温状態での放置によって徐々に結晶粒が成長するおそれがある。
平均結晶粒径が80μmを超える大きな結晶粒が多いと、切削加工において表面に微細なムシレが生じ易い。このムシレが生じると、例えばスパッタリングターゲットとして使用する際に、スパッタ粒子の放出方向が揃わずにばらつきが生じ、またパーティクルの発生の原因となる。平均結晶粒径を30μm未満とするのは現実的でなく、製造コスト増を招く。また、ビッカース硬さ及び残留応力を上記の範囲内とすることにより、鋸切断、切削加工、エンボス加工、冷間鍛造などにて使用時の所望の形状に加工時のムシレや変形が少なくなり、スパッタリングターゲットとして使用した場合には、スパッタ粒子の方向性を均一にすることができる。また、EBSD法で測定した残留歪みが3%以下であり、残留応力が小さいため、加工精度が良い。
特に、結晶粒径のヒストグラムの上記数値が上記範囲内であると、結晶粒の均質性が増し、スパッタリング用ターゲットとしての素材に適する。
前述したように結晶粒が揃っていて残留応力が小さいことにより、スパッタ粒子の放出方向が揃って均一で緻密な被膜を形成することができる。
このような範囲の冷却速度にて200℃以下の温度まで冷却すれば結晶粒の成長を停止して微細な結晶粒のものを得ることができる。200℃を超える温度で急冷を止めてしまうと、その後、その高温状態での放置によって徐々に結晶粒が成長するおそれがある。
そして、この急冷の後に冷間圧延、焼鈍処理することにより、結晶粒径もより微細化して、加工性がさらに向上する。冷間圧延時の圧延率が10%未満では、結晶粒径のさらなる微細化には寄与しない。圧延率が60%を超えると、硬さが増大して、かえって加工しにくくなる。その後の焼鈍は、250~600℃で30分~2時間処理すればよい。
結晶粒径が200μmを超える大きな結晶粒が混入すると、切削加工において表面に微細なムシレが生じ易い。このムシレが生じると、例えばスパッタリングターゲットとして使用する際に、スパッタ粒子の放出方向が揃わずにばらつきが生じ、またパーティクルの発生の原因となる。平均結晶粒径を10μm未満とするのは現実的でなく、製造コスト増を招く。また、ビッカース硬さを上記の範囲内とすることにより、鋸切断、切削加工、エンボス加工、冷間鍛造などにて使用時の所望の形状に加工時のムシレが少なくなり、スパッタリングターゲットとして使用した場合には、スパッタ粒子の方向性を均一にすることができる。
特に、結晶粒径のヒストグラムの上記数値が上記範囲内であると、結晶粒の均質性が増し、スパッタリング用ターゲットとしての素材に適する。
前述したように結晶粒が揃っていることにより、スパッタ粒子の放出方向が揃って均一で緻密な被膜を形成することができる。
第1実施形態の純銅板は、銅の純度が99.96wt%以上の無酸素銅、又は99.99wt%以上の電子管用無酸素銅である。
平均結晶粒径は30~80μmとされ、ビッカース硬さが40~70であり、EBSD法で測定した残留歪みが3%以下とされる。
このヒストグラム曲線において、ピーク値をP、半値幅をLとすると、ピーク値Pが20~80μmの範囲内で、総度数の60%以上の高い頻度で存在しており、その半値幅Lが70μm以下の狭い幅とされる。つまり、結晶粒径のヒストグラム曲線は、幅が狭く鋭利な山形に突出した形状となっており、結晶粒が均一に揃った状態で存在している。ピーク値が80μmを超えると、大きな結晶粒の存在により切削時のムシレが生じ易くなり、ピーク値を20μm未満とするのは製造技術的に困難で現実的でない。また、ピーク値の頻度が60%未満の場合はヒストグラム曲線がなだらかとなって、結晶粒径のばらつきが大きくなり、粗大結晶粒の存在によりムシレが生じ易くなるため好ましくない。半値値が70μmを超える場合も、粒径のばらつきが大きいことから、ムシレの問題が生じ易い。
この製造方法は、純銅のインゴットを熱間圧延後に急冷するという単純なプロセスである。
具体的には、純銅のインゴットを550℃~800℃に加熱し、これを複数回圧延ロールの間に往復走行させながら徐々に圧延ロール間のギャップを小さくして、所定の厚さまで圧延する。この複数回の圧延による総圧延率は85%以上とされ、圧延終了時の温度は500~700℃とされる。その後、圧延終了時温度から200℃以下の温度になるまで200~1000℃/minの冷却速度にて急冷する。
このような範囲の冷却速度にて200℃以下の温度まで冷却すれば結晶粒の成長を停止して微細な結晶粒のものを得ることができる。200℃を超える温度で急冷を止めてしまうと、その後、その高温状態での放置によって徐々に結晶粒が成長するおそれがある。
第2実施形態の純銅板は、銅の純度が99.96wt%以上の無酸素銅、又は99.99wt%以上の電子管用無酸素銅である。
平均結晶粒径は10~80μmとされ、ビッカース硬さが40~120とされる。
平均結晶粒径が80μmを超えることになるような、例えば200μm以上もの大きな結晶粒が多いと、重切削加工において表面に微細なムシレが生じ易い。このムシレは、図4に示され、前述したものと同様である。
このヒストグラム曲線において、ピーク値をP、半値幅をLとすると、ピーク値Pが10~80μmの範囲内で、総度数の60%以上の高い頻度で存在しており、その半値幅Lが60μm以下の狭い幅とされる。つまり、結晶粒径のヒストグラム曲線は、幅が狭く鋭利な山形に突出した形状となっており、結晶粒が均一に揃った状態で存在している。ピーク値が80μmを超えると、大きな結晶粒の存在により切削時のムシレが生じ易くなり、ピーク値を10μm未満とするのは製造技術的に困難で現実的でない。また、ピーク値の頻度が60%未満の場合はヒストグラム曲線がなだらかとなって、結晶粒径のばらつきが大きくなり、粗大結晶粒の存在によりムシレが生じ易くなるため好ましくない。半値値が60μmを超える場合も、粒径のばらつきが大きいことから、ムシレの問題が生じ易い。
まず、純銅のインゴットを550℃~800℃に加熱し、これを複数回圧延ロールの間に往復走行させながら徐々に圧延ロール間のギャップを小さくして、所定の厚さまで圧延する。この複数回の圧延による総圧延率は80%以上とされ、圧延終了時の温度は500~700℃とされる。その後、圧延終了時温度から200℃以下の温度になるまで200~1000℃/minの冷却速度にて急冷する。その後、25~60%の圧延率で冷間圧延し、250~600℃で30分~2時間加熱することにより焼鈍する。
熱間圧延の開始温度を550~800℃とした理由は第1実施形態の場合と同様であり、前述した。
この総圧延率とするために行う複数回の圧延のうち最終段階の圧延については、1パス当たりの圧延率を25%以上とするのがより好ましいのは、第1実施形態の場合と同様であり、その詳細は前述した。
このような範囲の冷却速度にて200℃以下の温度まで冷却すれば結晶粒の成長を停止して微細な結晶粒のものを得ることができる。200℃を超える温度で急冷を止めてしまうと、その後、その高温状態での放置によって徐々に結晶粒が成長するおそれがある。
焼鈍処理は、冷間圧延で硬化した材料を目的の硬さに調整するために行う。焼鈍温度は250~600℃が好ましく、その加熱雰囲気で30分~2時間処理すればよい。
電子管用無酸素銅(純度99.99wt%以上)について、熱間圧延及びその後の冷却の各条件を表1に示すように複数組み合わせて純銅板を作製した。
そこで、この比較例1以外の純銅板について、結晶粒径、ビッカース硬さ、残留歪み、加工による反り、切削時のムシレ状態を測定した。
<結晶粒径>
素材をエッチングした後、その表面を光学顕微鏡にて120倍の倍率で撮影し、その光学顕微鏡組織を画像ソフト「WinROOF」Ver.3.61(株式会社テックジャム製)を用い、2値化することにより結晶粒界を明瞭化し、約600個の結晶について各々の面積(結晶粒界で囲まれる部分の面積)を求めた。そして、結晶を円形として見なし、求めた面積に等価の円の直径(円相当径)を各々の結晶粒の結晶粒径とし、それらの平均値を求めた。同様の解析および測定を3視野で行い、それらの平均値を平均結晶粒径とした。また、得られた各結晶粒径のヒストグラムを求めた。
ビッカース硬さは、圧延方向(R.D.方向)に沿う縦断面(T.D.方向に見た面)に対して、JIS(Z2244)に規定される方法により測定した。
残留歪みはEBSD法によるデータ解析を行って求めた。具体的には、株式会社TSLソリューションズ製の走査電子顕微鏡用結晶解析ツールOMIVer.5.2のソフトウェアに備え付けの解析メニューからGrain Reference Orientation Deviationを用いて、高残存歪み領域の面積率を求めた。
このソフトウェアが行っている具体的な計算方法は以下の通りである。
(1) 測定面積内の全測定点(ピクセル)の方位を測定し、隣接するピクセル間の方位差が15°以上である境界を結晶粒界とみなし、これに囲まれた領域を結晶粒とする。
(2) 結晶粒内の全ての測定点(ピクセル)の配向データの平均値を求め、「平均結晶粒内配向」を計算する。
(3) 個々の測定点の配向データとそれが属する結晶粒の平均結晶粒内配向とを比較し、平均結晶粒内配向からのずれが3°以上の測定点(ピクセル)が占める領域を高残存歪み領域と定義する。
(4) 以下の式により総観察面積に占める高残存歪み領域の面積率を計算する。
(観察領域に存在する個々の粒内における高残存歪み領域の合算面積/観察領域の総面積)×100(%)
この高残存歪み領域の面積率が0~3%以下の場合は残留歪みが少ないと判断されるが、それ以上の場合は残留歪みが多いと判断される。
各試料を100×2000mm、厚さ20mmの平板とし、その表面をフライス盤で超硬刃先のバイトを用いて切込み深さ1.5mm、切削速度1000m/分で切削し、残った厚さ18.5mmの平板について、図3に示すように、その平板1を切削表面2が上方を向くようにして定盤(又はフライスのテーブル)3上に置いたときの長手方向両端部位置の反り上がり高さH1,H2をすきまゲージで測定し、両端の平均値が0.1mm未満のものを○、0.1~1.0mmのものを△、1.0mmを超えたものを×とした。
各試料を100×2000mmの平板とし、その表面をフライス盤で超硬刃先のバイトを用いて切込み深さ0.1mm、切削速度5000m/分で切削加工し、その切削表面の500μm四方の視野内において長さ100μm以上のムシレ疵が何個存在したかを調べた。
これらの結果を表2に示す。
電子管用無酸素銅(純度99.99wt%以上)の鋳造インゴットを用いた。圧延前の素材寸法は幅650mm×長さ900mm×厚さ290mmとし、熱間圧延及びその後の冷間圧延から焼鈍に至る各条件を表1に示すように複数組み合わせて純銅板を作製した。熱間圧延時の温度の測定は放射温度計を用い、圧延板の表面温度を測定することにより行った。
そこで、この比較例1以外の純銅板について、結晶粒径、ビッカース硬さ、切削時のムシレ状態を測定した。
<結晶粒径>
素材をエッチングした後、その表面を光学顕微鏡にて120倍の倍率で撮影し、その光学顕微鏡組織を画像ソフト「WinROOF」Ver.3.61(株式会社テックジャム製)を用い、2値化することにより結晶粒界を明瞭化し、約600個の結晶について各々の面積(結晶粒界で囲まれる部分の面積)を求めた。そして、結晶を円形として見なし、求めた面積に等価の円の直径(円相当径)を各々の結晶粒の結晶粒径とし、それらの平均値を求めた。同様の解析および測定を3視野で行い、それらの平均値を平均結晶粒径とした。また、得られた各結晶粒径のヒストグラムを求めた。
ビッカース硬さは、圧延方向(R.D.方向)に沿う縦断面(T.D.方向に見た面)に対して、JIS(Z2244)に規定される方法により測定した。
各試料を100×2000mmの平板とし、その表面をフライス盤で超硬刃先のバイトを用いて切込み深さ0.2mm、切削速度5000m/分で切削加工し、その切削表面の500μm四方の視野内において長さ100μm以上のムシレ疵が何個存在したかを調べた。
これらの結果を表2に示す。
L 半値幅
W 切削痕
C ムシレ疵
Claims (8)
- 純度が99.96wt%以上である純銅のインゴットを、550℃~800℃に加熱して、総圧延率が85%以上で圧延終了時温度が500~700℃である熱間圧延加工を施した後に、前記圧延終了時温度から200℃以下の温度になるまで200~1000℃/minの冷却速度にて急冷することを特徴とする純銅板の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の製造方法によって製造された純銅板であって、平均結晶粒径が30~80μmであり、ピッカース硬さが40~70であり、残留歪みが3%以下であることを特徴とする純銅板。
- 結晶粒径のヒストグラムにおける、ピーク値が20~80μmの範囲内で、総度数の60%以上の頻度で存在しており、その半値幅が70μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の純銅板。
- スパッタリング用ターゲットであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の純銅板。
- 純度が99.96wt%以上である純銅のインゴットを、550℃~800℃に加熱して、総圧延率が80%以上で圧延終了時温度が500~700℃である熱間圧延加工を施した後に、前記圧延終了時温度から200℃以下の温度になるまで200~1000℃/minの冷却速度にて急冷し、その後、25~60%の圧延率で冷間圧延して焼鈍することを特徴とする純銅板の製造方法。
- 請求項5記載の製造方法によって製造された純銅板であって、平均結晶粒径が10~80μmであり、ピッカース硬さが40~120であることを特徴とする純銅板。
- 結晶粒径のヒストグラムにおける、ピーク値が10~80μmの範囲内で、総度数の60%以上の頻度で存在しており、その半値幅が60μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項6記載の純銅板。
- スパッタリング用ターゲットであることを特徴とする請求項6記載の純銅板。
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Cited By (5)
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WO2013105284A1 (ja) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 導電性膜形成用銀合金スパッタリングターゲットおよびその製造方法 |
WO2013105285A1 (ja) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 導電性膜形成用銀合金スパッタリングターゲットおよびその製造方法 |
WO2014021173A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | 株式会社コベルコ科研 | Cu合金薄膜形成用スパッタリングターゲットおよびその製造方法 |
CN103572227A (zh) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-12 | 株式会社Sh铜业 | 溅射用铜靶材以及溅射用铜靶材的制造方法 |
WO2014103626A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット用銅合金製熱間圧延板、およびスパッタリングターゲット |
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JP5752736B2 (ja) | 2013-04-08 | 2015-07-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリング用ターゲット |
CN104190711A (zh) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏鑫成铜业有限公司 | 一种纯铜板生产工艺 |
JP6527609B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-16 | 2019-06-05 | 住友化学株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲットの加工方法、スパッタリングターゲットの加工装置、およびスパッタリングターゲット製品の製造方法 |
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CN103572227A (zh) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-12 | 株式会社Sh铜业 | 溅射用铜靶材以及溅射用铜靶材的制造方法 |
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WO2014103626A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット用銅合金製熱間圧延板、およびスパッタリングターゲット |
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CN102652182A (zh) | 2012-08-29 |
KR20170036812A (ko) | 2017-04-03 |
KR20120106745A (ko) | 2012-09-26 |
KR102035399B1 (ko) | 2019-10-22 |
TW201132769A (en) | 2011-10-01 |
TWI485272B (zh) | 2015-05-21 |
CN102652182B (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
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