WO2011075952A1 - 用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置 - Google Patents

用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011075952A1
WO2011075952A1 PCT/CN2010/002135 CN2010002135W WO2011075952A1 WO 2011075952 A1 WO2011075952 A1 WO 2011075952A1 CN 2010002135 W CN2010002135 W CN 2010002135W WO 2011075952 A1 WO2011075952 A1 WO 2011075952A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
tread
active core
vulcanization
vulcanized
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PCT/CN2010/002135
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁仲雪
高彦臣
王金健
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软控股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011075952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011075952A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/52Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/52Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
    • B29D2030/523Ring-shaped treads

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread and a vulcanizing device thereof, particularly for use in a tire retreading production process, and belongs to the field of rubber machinery. Background technique
  • the existing tire retreading technology mainly uses a grinding machine to polish the tread of the old tire, and then applies the middle rubber to the surface of the carcass, and then puts the new tread joint and tail joint on the carcass. Pressing and attaching to form a composite part, and finally feeding into a vulcanization apparatus for vulcanization and setting.
  • the tread component is raw rubber before being vulcanized in the vulcanizing unit, it is necessary to apply a higher temperature and pressure during the vulcanization process, such as 150 ⁇ 5 ° C, 4 MPa, which is a carcass belonging to the cooked rubber. In general, it will cause greater damage, which will easily lead to the aging of the carcass, thus affecting the normal use of retreaded tires and shortening the service life. This is the main reason why tire retreading technology is difficult to popularize and promote.
  • a prior application the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, in its entirety, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Variables that allow for uniform heat transfer to improve undesirable vapor formation are disposed in the chamber of the vulcanization apparatus, and a circulating water flow between the heating device and the heat exchanger is realized by a pump, and fluid communication between the expansion tank and the heating device and the pump enables the water to circulate in the closed passage. flow.
  • the pressure value of the water required for heating can be set by a pressure sensor communicating with the valve, the purpose of partially eliminating steam and improving the temperature control required for vulcanization can be achieved.
  • the patent application still fails to solve the damage caused to the carcass by the same vulcanization temperature, and the accurate temperature control technique cannot compensate for the temperature difference between the tread and the carcass. Therefore, the above patent application still belongs to the prior art.
  • the main solution is to include a lower die plate, an upper die plate and a plurality of movable cores that can be moved radially
  • the mold the upper template can be raised, and the two templates can be circumferentially engaged with the active mandrel.
  • the active mandrel can be hinged to a locking ring that locks around the active mandrel and can be rotated in a direction.
  • the active core molds can be dispersed or closed to each other to provide a vulcanization mold that improves stress transfer characteristics during tread and carcass vulcanization forming.
  • the usual improvement measures are the multi-temperature layer control of refurbished vulcanization, in order to control the quality of the layered vulcanization by controlling the vulcanization temperature of the tread and the carcass separately.
  • the method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread according to the present invention and a vulcanizing device thereof are provided in such a manner as to solve the above problems in the prior art and adopt a pre-vulcanized annular tread, and the vulcanized annular tread becomes the same as the carcass
  • the properties of the cooked rubber, the annular tread used for retreading tires can be combined with the vulcanization temperature of the carcass to reduce the vulcanization quality and protect the carcass from damage, to achieve the purpose of effectively reducing the difficulty of tire retreading technology.
  • Another object of the invention is to simplify the structural complexity of the vulcanization apparatus and shorten the vulcanization time to improve overall production efficiency.
  • the method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the raw materials constituting the rubber tire are kneaded to form a rubber compound
  • the rubber compound is extruded through a cold feed screw extruder to extrude a film that meets the specified tire specifications; in the calendering process, the film is calendered by a roll calendering device to form a tread semi-finished product;
  • the cut film is jointed and pressed end to end, and then vulcanized in a vulcanization apparatus; a jointless, continuous, annular annular tread is formed by a vulcanization process.
  • the vulcanizing device is pre-vulcanized into a vulcanizate having the same properties as the carcass.
  • the pre-vulcanized annular tread can be used for retreading tires, such as low temperature vulcanization with a polished carcass, or even room temperature vulcanization to complete the fusion between the annular tread and the carcass. And put it into normal use again.
  • the pre-vulcanized annular tread can be used to make new tires.
  • a completely new tire manufacturing technique can be realized, that is, the annular tread is separately produced from the carcass, assembled and vulcanized.
  • the annular tread is pre-vulcanized according to the method of the present invention according to the size of the tire, and the production of the carcass is carried out according to the prior art and the process.
  • the annular tread and the carcass can be randomly packaged and vulcanized, which not only facilitates production scheduling, but also improves the versatility of rubber manufacturing machinery utilization, and can effectively reduce equipment investment and production cost.
  • an improvement scheme such as a double composite layer can be adopted.
  • the annular tread comprises a crown tread layer and a base rubber layer composed of different formulations.
  • the multi-layer film is calendered by a roll calendering device to form a double composite tread semi-finished product.
  • a base rubber layer is attached to the inner surface of the crown tread rubber layer, and the base rubber layer can be designed into a high elasticity and low heat generation formula, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the rubber material used for the annular tread, and ensuring the refurbishment. Normal use of the tires.
  • the outer surface of the crown tread layer of the annular tread is formed by a vulcanization process into a plurality of staggered projections.
  • the base rubber layer attached to the inner surface of the crown tread rubber layer is proportioned by mass, including 100 parts of rubber, 25-45 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of white carbon black, active 3-5 parts of the agent, 2_5 parts of the antioxidant, 1-3 parts of sulfur, and 1-3 parts of the accelerator.
  • the key is whether the crown tread layer can achieve the specified density, elasticity and wear resistance, which is directly related to the pressure on the surface of the crown tread layer in the vulcanization process.
  • the improvement measure adopted by the present invention is that, under the action of the vertical driving force, the double composite annular tread placed in the vulcanizing device is integrally expanded outwardly in the horizontal radial direction by the active core mold to press the pattern mold. For vulcanization treatment.
  • the vulcanization station of the pattern mold is fixed.
  • the active core mold and the annular tread are integrally pressed against the pattern mold, thereby preventing the rubber from overflowing and overcoming the friction formed by the viscosity of the rubber itself. Resistance.
  • a more preferred vulcanization process is to control the active mandrel temperature in the vulcanization apparatus to 152 ⁇ 2 ° C, the pattern temperature to 152 ⁇ 2 ° C, and the vulcanization time to 25 minutes in the vulcanization process.
  • a structural improvement for the application of the vulcanization apparatus is that the pattern of the vulcanization apparatus is divided into an annular upper mold and a lower mold half which are butted together.
  • the upper mold half After placing the double composite annular tread into the vulcanization unit, the upper mold half is clamped to the lower mold half to form a continuous, complete ring shape.
  • the upper mold half and the lower mold half are first divided, then the upper mold half is removed, and finally the double composite annular tread is released from the inside of the vulcanization apparatus and taken out.
  • the present invention proposes an improvement to the vulcanization apparatus as follows.
  • the vulcanization device for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread mainly includes:
  • a cylinder for providing a driving force to achieve a pressure acting on the surface of the double composite annular tread in the vulcanization process; a tapered block driven by the cylinder to achieve a vertical movement, the tapered block driving the entire active core mold inwardly in a horizontal radial direction Shrink or expand outward;
  • the surface is provided with a pattern mold for vulcanizing the groove of the crown tread rubber layer;
  • the oil cylinder is installed under the base, and the pistons of the oil cylinder are respectively connected with the cone block and the guide shaft which is sleeved in the center of the cone block;
  • a plurality of active core modules form a circular groove for vulcanizing a double composite tread between the pattern mold and the pattern mold. Slot.
  • the method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread and the vulcanization device thereof have the following advantages:
  • the pre-vulcanized annular tread Adopting the pre-vulcanized annular tread process, the pre-vulcanized annular tread can be used for retreading tires and for manufacturing new tires, achieving a new refurbishment and new tire manufacturing process, and has a wide range of uses;
  • the pre-vulcanized annular tread can be combined with the carcass with low temperature vulcanization or room temperature vulcanization process, which can combine the vulcanization quality and protect the carcass from damage, which is beneficial to reduce the design difficulty of tire refurbished equipment and process;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the vulcanization apparatus for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vulcanization apparatus
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tapered block
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the core module
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the support plate
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart of the method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread
  • Support plate 40 T-shaped wear plate 41, side wear plate 42, upper and lower wear plates 43,
  • a vulcanizing device for a pre-vulcanized double composite annular tread for retreading a tire or manufacturing a new tire mainly comprising a cylinder 10, a tapered block 20, a movable core module 30, and a support Plate 40, pattern mold 50 and base 60. among them,
  • the cylinder 10 is used to provide a driving force to effect a pressure acting on the surface of the double composite annular tread in the vulcanization process.
  • a tapered block 20 that achieves a vertical movement is driven by the cylinder 10, and the tapered block 20 drives the entire active core mold to retract inwardly or outwardly in a horizontally radial direction.
  • the same number of 10 chutes 23 as the active core module 30 are symmetrically disposed.
  • a T-shaped wear plate 41 at the end of the support plate 40 is nested in the chute 23.
  • a cylinder 12 for sealing connection is provided outside the tapered block 20 and the guide shaft 21.
  • the tapered block 20 is vertically disposed with the small end upward and the large end downward, and the large end of the tapered block 20 is fastened to the piston 11 through the center block pad 13 .
  • the 10 movable core modules 30 constituting the active core mold have outer surfaces of arcuate faces having the same curvature, and the outer surfaces of the 10 movable core modules 30 form a ring shape in the fully expanded state.
  • an arc-shaped spring piece 31 is laterally mounted; two sets of finger-shaped inserts 32 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the active core module 30, and the fingers of two adjacent active core modules 30 are disposed.
  • the tabs 32 are interdigitated with each other.
  • the finger tab 32 is disposed on the inner side of the spring piece 31.
  • the finger tab 32 between the adjacent two active core modules 30 Interleaved, and the finger tabs 32 are completely shielded inside the spring tabs 31 without contact with the annular tread, i.e., the active core module 30 and the spring tabs 31 are pressed against the annular tread.
  • the 10 live core modules 30 in the fully expanded state the spring pieces 31 located outside the finger blades 32 are connected to the adjacent core modules to form a continuous, complete ring shape.
  • An active core mold wear plate 33 is disposed between the active core module 30 and the base 60, and the bottom of the active core module 30 is slidably coupled to the core mold wear plate 33.
  • the sliding connection can be realized by a structure such as a groove, such as the sliding groove is disposed at the bottom of the active core module 30, and the crotch portion is mounted above the active core mold wear plate 33; or, the sliding groove is set to the active core mold Above the wear plate 33, the crotch portion is mounted at the bottom of the active core module 30.
  • the support plate 40 between the ten connecting cones 20 and the active core module 30 can drive the movable core module 30 to move in the radial direction.
  • Upper and lower wear plates 43 are respectively disposed at portions of the support plate 40 penetrating the cylinder block 12, and the support plates are
  • a side wear plate 42 is disposed between the 40 and the tapered block 20.
  • a wear plate made of a lubricating material such as graphite can effectively reduce the frictional force during relative sliding between the above components, avoiding the occurrence of stagnation or loosening of the connection due to surface wear, or due to radial movement deviation.
  • the vulcanization pressure is not up to standard and affects the pre-vulcanization quality of the annular tread.
  • the surface of the pattern mold 50 is provided with a groove for vulcanizing the crown tread layer.
  • the pattern mold 50 includes a ring-shaped upper mold half 51 and a lower mold half 52 which are mounted to each other, and the upper mold half 51 and the lower mold half 52 form a continuous, complete annular shape after the mold clamping.
  • the lower mold half 52 is fastened to the base 60, and the top of the lower mold half 52 is provided with an annular projection distributed circumferentially.
  • the upper mold half 51 is snapped over the lower mold half 52 by the annular projection 53.
  • the base 60 is used to carry the connection of the active core module 30 and the pattern mold 50.
  • the 10 movable core modules 30 form an annular groove 70 for vulcanizing the double composite tread between the pattern mold 50 and the pattern mold 50 in a fully expanded state.
  • the cylinder 10 is mounted below the base 60, and the piston 11 of the cylinder 10 is connected to the tapered block 20 and the guide shaft 21 which is fitted in the center of the tapered block 20, respectively.
  • the piston 11 of the cylinder 10 is pushed upward in the vertical direction, and the piston block 11 is driven to move upward along the guide shaft 21 by the piston 11. Since the small end of the tapered block 20 is upward, the tapered block 20 pushes the support plate 40 radially outward while the tapered block 20 is moved upward.
  • the support plate is not displaced in the vertical direction, and the T-shaped wear plate 41 at the end of the support plate 40 provides a guiding action in the sliding groove 23 of the tapered block 20, and the support plate 40 is simultaneously pushed outward to drive the active core at the other end.
  • Module 30 expands outward.
  • the 10 live core modules 30 are radially expanded outward in a symmetrical radial shape by a sliding connection of the bottom and the core mold wear plate 33. During the expansion process, the interdigitated insertion of the finger tabs 32 between adjacent two active core modules 30 can prevent the active core module 30 from loosening or deflecting to form a sturdiness.
  • the main function of the spring piece 31 is to prevent the thickness of the annular tread and the surface pressure value from being affected by the outward leakage of the finger insert 32 during vulcanization and pressurization.
  • the driving force provided by the cylinder 10 can be achieved via the transfer of the support plate 40 and the active core module 30.
  • the pattern mold 50 acts on the pressure value required for the surface vulcanization process of the tread crown tread layer to achieve the density, elasticity and wear resistance of the pre-vulcanization process.
  • the temperature of the mandrel in the vulcanization apparatus was controlled to be 152 ⁇ 2 ° C
  • the temperature of the active mold was 152 ⁇ 2 ° C
  • the vulcanization time was 25 minutes.
  • the pattern mold 50 is provided as an annular upper mold half 51 and a lower mold half 52 which are butted to each other, which can facilitate the loading of the annular tread and the demolding operation.
  • the upper mold half 51 is snapped over the lower mold half 52 by the annular boss 53.
  • the cylinder 10 is started to perform the vulcanization process as described above.
  • the internal pressure of the cylinder 10 is first removed, the piston 11 is moved downward in the vertical direction, and the piston 11 is driven to move downward along the guide shaft 21 by the piston 11.
  • the tapered block 20 is guided to act on the support plate 40, and at the same time, the movable core module 30 is retracted inwardly.
  • the 10 active core modules 30 are synchronously retracted, and the interdigitated insertion of the finger blades 32 between the adjacent two active core modules 30 can prevent the active core module 30 from being inserted. Loose or sturdy.
  • the annular tread is disengaged from the mandrel, and the upper mold half 51 is removed first, and the tread is demolded and taken out.
  • this embodiment can also realize a method for producing a pre-vulcanized annular tread.
  • the raw materials constituting the rubber tire are kneaded to form a rubber compound
  • the rubber compound is extruded through a cold feed screw extruder to extrude a film that meets the specified tire specifications; in the calendering process, the film is calendered by a roll calendering device to form a tread semi-finished product;
  • the cut film is jointed and pressed end to end, and then vulcanized in a vulcanization apparatus; a jointless, continuous, annular annular tread is formed by a vulcanization process.
  • the annular tread comprises a crown tread rubber layer and a base rubber layer of different formulas, and the outer surface of the crown tread rubber layer forms a plurality of staggered convex portions by a vulcanization process.
  • the multi-layer film is calendered by a roll calendering device to form a double composite tread semi-finished product.
  • the formula of the double composite annular tread is matched according to the mass parts:
  • Crown tread rubber layer 100 parts of rubber, 60 parts of high wear-resistant carbon black, 10 parts of white carbon black, 6 parts of active agent, 4 parts of antioxidant, 20 parts of aromatic oil, 1.5 parts of sulfur, 1. 5 servings;
  • Base rubber layer 100 parts of rubber, 30 parts of carbon black, 10 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of active agent, 3 parts of antioxidant, 1.5 parts of sulfur, 1.5 parts of accelerator.
  • the active mandrel temperature in the vulcanization unit was controlled to be 152 ⁇ 2 ° C, the active mold temperature was 152 ⁇ 2 ° C, and the vulcanization time was 25 minutes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Description

用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置
技术领域
本发明提供一种用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置, 具体地应用于轮 胎翻新的生产过程, 属于橡胶机械领域。 背景技术
由于汽车、 飞机等运载器的普及使用, 每年都会造成大量的报废轮胎需要处理。 既形成了橡胶资源的浪费、 又带来环境污染的一系列问题。 目前针对胎面花纹被磨损 的旧轮胎, 一般采取翻新处理的方法以再次投入循环利用。
现有的轮胎翻新技术, 主要是采用打磨机械将旧轮胎的胎面进行打磨处理, 然后 将中垫胶涂附于胎体表面, 再将新的胎面首尾接头而套装在胎体上, 经过压合、 贴附 形成复合件, 最后送入硫化装置中进行硫化定型。
由于胎面部件在送入硫化装置中进行硫化处理之前是生胶, 因而在硫化过程中需 要施加较高的温度和压力, 如 150 ± 5°C, 4MPa, , 这对属于熟胶的胎体来说就会造成 较大的损害, 较易导致胎体老化, 从而影响到翻新轮胎的正常使用, 缩短使用寿命, 这是目前轮胎翻新技术难以普及和推广的主要原因。
如公开下述方案的在先申请, 申请号为 ZL200480026479, 名称为用于硫化轮胎组 件的自动压力和温度控制装置和方法, 其主要方案是通过使用水作为加热介质, 在稳 态条件期间控制工艺变量, 使得热量均匀传送而改善不期望的蒸汽形成。 在硫化装置 的腔室中设置有热交换器, 采用泵实现在加热装置与热交换器之间的循环水流, 通过 膨胀箱与加热装置、 泵之间的流体连通使得水可在闭合通路内循环流动。
如上述在先申请专利, 虽然可以通过与阀相连通的压力传感器来设定加热所需水 的压力值, 从而达到部分消除蒸汽、 改善硫化所需温度控制的目的。 但是该专利申请 仍未能解决因相同硫化温度对胎体构成的损害, 准确地控温技术是无法弥补胎面与胎 体之间的温差的, 因此上述专利申请仍属于现有技术的范畴。
又如公开下述方案的在先申请, 申请号为 ZL200510137661 ,名称为用于车辆轮胎 硫化或翻新的机器, 其主要方案是包括下模板、 上模板和可以径向移动的多个活络芯 模, 上模板可以升起, 并且两个模板可以与活络芯模周向咬合。 通过连接曲柄, 活络 芯模可以铰接在一个锁紧环上, 锁紧环绕着这几个活络芯模并可以定向旋转。 通过控 制锁紧环的旋转方向可以使得活络芯模彼此分散或合拢以提供一种硫化模具, 改善胎 面与胎体硫化成形过程中的应力传递特性。
从说明书和附图中可以看出, 上述在先申请专利仍是基于打磨后胎体与胎面部件 一起硫化的生产方法, 以上现有技术存在的缺陷和问题没有真正地被解决。
基于上述在先申请专利的分析描述, 本领域普通技术人员可以理解问题的所在和 主要技术难点。 通常采取的改进措施有, 实现翻新硫化的多温区分层控制, 以期通过 分别控制胎面、 胎体的硫化温度来达到控制分层硫化质量的效果。
但是总得来说,多温控硫化技术会导致控制系统和方法过于复杂、设备投资较大, 硫化时间长而导致生产效率偏低。 发明内容
本发明所述用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置, 在于解决上述现有技 术中存在的问题而采取预先硫化环形胎面的方式, 硫化的环形胎面变为与胎体相同属 性的熟胶, 环形胎面用于翻新轮胎可以采取与胎体硫化温度相匹配的低温硫化工艺, 从而兼顾硫化质量与保护胎体不受损害, 实现有效降低轮胎翻新技术难度的目的。
发明目的还在于, 在实现上述预硫化环形胎面方法的基础上, 提高环形胎面冠部 胶层的密度、 弹性和耐磨性能, 保证翻新轮胎具有与新胎相同的性能参数。
另一发明目的在于, 简化硫化装置的结构复杂程度、 缩短硫化时间以提高整体生 产效率。
为实现上述发明目的, 所述用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法主要包括有以下实现 步骤:
胶料混炼工序, 将构成橡胶轮胎的原料进行混炼以形成混炼胶;
挤出工序, 混炼胶通过冷喂料螺杆挤出装置, 挤出符合指定轮胎规格的胶片; 压延工序, 胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延以形成胎面半成品;
裁切工序, 根据指定轮胎尺寸的胶片进行定长裁断;
硫化工序, 将裁断后的胶片首尾进行接头并压合, 再装入硫化装置中进行硫化; 经硫化工艺制成一个无接头的、 连续的、 呈圆环状的环形胎面。 如上述基本方案, 在将胎面套装在胎体之前, 预先采用硫化装置将环形胎面预硫 化成与胎体相同属性的熟胶。
基于本发明的设计构思, 预硫化后的环形胎面可以用于翻新轮胎, 如与打磨后的 胎体一起进行低温硫化、 甚至可以是常温硫化, 以完成环形胎面与胎体之间的融合而 再次投入正常使用。
或者, 预硫化后的环形胎面可以用于制造新胎, 国际通行标准的橡胶轮胎规格尺 寸大约有 20几种。 基于本发明的设计构思, 可以实现一种全新的轮胎制造技术, 即 环形胎面与胎体分开生产、 再进行组装和硫化。
即根据轮胎规格尺寸, 将环形胎面按本发明所述方法进行预硫化, 胎体的生产按 现有技术和工艺实施。 按生产订单与计划安排, 可以随机地将环形胎面与胎体进行套 装和硫化, 从而既方便了生产调度, 又提高了橡胶制造机械利用的通用性, 可以有效 地降低设备投资和生产成本。
为提供轮胎高速运转时与地面接触摩擦时必需的耐磨损、 耐撕裂性能, 通常在胎 面胶配方中添加大量的高耐磨组份。由于胎侧、接近轮辋的部分并不与地面发生接触, 如添加高耐磨组份就会相应地增加胎面的整体制造成本。
为在不影响翻新后的轮胎冠部胶层耐磨损性能的前提下降低胎面成本, 可采取如 下双复合胶层的改进方案。
所述环形胎面包括由不同配方构成的冠部胎面胶层和基部胶层。
在挤出工序中, 2种不同配方的混炼胶分别经冷喂料螺杆挤出装置挤出, 并形成 相互叠加的复层胶片;
在压延工序中, 复层胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延形成双复合胎面半成品。 在冠部胎面胶层的内表面连接一基部胶层, 可以将基部胶层设计成高弹性、 低生 热的配方, 从而有效地降低环形胎面所用橡胶材料的成本, 又能保证翻新后轮胎的正 常使用。
较为优选的实施方案是, 环形胎面的冠部胎面胶层的外表面, 通过硫化工序而形 成若干个交错排列的凸起部。
连接在冠部胎面胶层内表面的基部胶层, 其胶料配方组份按质量份数配比, 包括 有橡胶 100份, 炭黑 25- 45份, 白炭黑 5- 10份, 活性剂 3-5份, 防老剂 2_5份, 硫 黄 1-3份, 促进剂 1-3份。 要达到翻新轮胎正常使用的性能标准, 关键是冠部胎面胶层能否达到规定的密 度、 弹性和耐磨性能, 这与硫化工序中冠部胎面胶层表面受到的压力直接相关。
本发明对此所采取的改进措施是, 在垂向驱动力的作用下, 放入硫化装置的双复 合环形胎面沿水平径向方向, 被活络芯模整体地向外扩张而压向花纹模以进行硫化处 理。
花纹模的硫化工位是固定不变的, 通过增大径向推力而将活络芯模连同环形胎面 整体地压向花纹模, 可以防止胶料外溢、 克服胶料自身粘稠度形成的摩擦抗力。
较为优选的硫化工艺是, 在硫化工序中, 控制硫化装置中的活络芯模温度为 152 ±2°C, 花纹模温度为 152 ± 2°C, 硫化时间在 25分钟。
针对应用硫化装置的结构改进是, 所述硫化装置的花纹模分为环形的、 相互之间 对接安装的上半模和下半模。
将双复合环形胎面放入硫化装置之后, 上半模与下半模合模而形成一个连续的、 完整的环形。
在完成硫化工序之后, 先将上半模与下半模分模、 再将上半模移开, 最后从硫化 装置内部将双复合环形胎面脱模并取出。
为实现所述用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 本发明提出如下针对硫化装置的改 进方案。
用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 主要包括有:
用于提供驱动力、 以实现硫化工序中作用于双复合环形胎面表面压力的油缸; 由油缸驱动实现垂向运动的锥形块, 锥形块沿水平径向带动整体活络芯模向内回 缩或向外扩张;
构成活络芯模的数个芯模块, 芯模块的外表面是具有相同弧度的圆弧面, 在完全 扩张状态下数个芯模块的外表面构成一个环形;
数个连接于锥形块与活络芯模块之间、 沿径向带动活络芯模块移动的支撑板; 表面设置有用于硫化冠部胎面胶层的花纹沟槽的花纹模;
承载连接活络芯模块和花纹模的底座;
油缸安装在底座下方, 油缸的活塞分别连接锥形块和穿套在锥形块中心的导向 轴;
数个活络芯模块在完全扩张状态下, 与花紋模之间形成硫化双复合胎面的环形沟 槽。
综上所述, 本发明用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法及其硫化装置具有以下优点:
1、 采取预先硫化环形胎面的工艺方法, 预硫化后的环形胎面既可以用于翻新轮胎、 又可用于制造新胎, 实现了全新的翻新和新胎制造工艺, 用途广泛;
2、 预硫化后的环形胎面可与胎体采用低温硫化或常温硫化工艺, 能够兼具硫化质量 和保护胎体不受损害, 有利于降低轮胎翻新设备和工艺的设计难度;
3、 基于预硫化环形胎面工艺和硫化装置, 能够有效地兼顾冠部胶层的密度、 弹性和 耐磨性能, 保证翻新轮胎达到与新胎相同的性能参数。
4、 能够简化硫化装置的结构复杂程度、 缩短硫化时间、 提高整体生产效率。 附图说明
现结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明;
图 1是所述用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置结构示意图;
图 2是硫化装置的剖面示意图;
图 3是图 2中的 B-B向剖面示意图;
图 4是图 1的俯向示意图;
图 5是所述锥形块的剖面示意图;
图 6是图 5中的 C- C向剖面示意图;
图 7是所述芯模块的结构示意图;
图 8是所述支撑板的结构示意图;
图 9是所述用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法流程图;
如图 1至图 8所示, 油缸 10, 活塞 11, 缸体 12, 中心块垫板 13,
锥形块 20, 导向轴 21, 滑槽 23,
活络芯模块 30, 弹簧片 31, 指形插片 32, 活络芯模耐磨板 33,
支撑板 40, T型耐磨板 41, 侧耐磨板 42, 上、 下耐磨板 43,
花纹模 50, 上半模 51, 下半模 52, 环形凸台 53,
底座 60, 环形沟槽 70。 具体实施方式 实施例 1, 如图 1至图 8所示, 应用于翻新轮胎或制造新胎的预硫化双复合环形 胎面的硫化装置, 主要包括有油缸 10, 锥形块 20, 活络芯模块 30, 支撑板 40, 花纹 模 50和底座 60。 其中,
油缸 10用于提供驱动力、 以实现硫化工序中作用于双复合环形胎面表面压力。 由油缸 10驱动实现垂向运动的锥形块 20,锥形块 20沿水平径向带动整体活络芯 模向内回缩或向外扩张。
在锥形块 20的外表面,对称地设置有与活络芯模块 30相同数量的 10条滑槽 23。 支撑板 40端部的 T型耐磨板 41嵌套在滑槽 23中。
在锥形块 20和导向轴 21外部设置一用于密封连接的缸体 12。
锥形块 20呈小端向上、 大端向下的垂向设置, 锥形块 20的大端通过中心块垫板 13紧固安装于活塞 11。
构成活络芯模的 10个活络芯模块 30, 其外表面是具有相同弧度的圆弧面, 在完 全扩张状态下 10个活络芯模块 30的外表面构成一个环形。
在活络芯模块 30的外表面,侧向安装一弧形的弹簧片 31 ; 在活络芯模块 30的两 侧对称地设置有 2组指形插片 32,相邻 2个活络芯模块 30的指形插片 32相互交错对 接。
指形插片 32设置在弹簧片 31的内侧, 当活络芯模块 30完全地向内回缩、 或是 完全地向外扩张时, 相邻 2个活络芯模块 30之间的指形插片 32交错插接、 并且指形 插片 32被完全地遮挡在弹簧片 31 内侧而不与环形胎面接触, 即活络芯模块 30与弹 簧片 31压向环形胎面。
即 10个活络芯模块 30在完全扩张状态下, 位于指形插片 32外侧的弹簧片 31连 接两侧相邻的芯模块而构成一个连续的、 完整的环形。
在活络芯模块 30与底座 60之间设置一活络芯模耐磨板 33, 活络芯模块 30的底 部滑动连接于芯模耐磨板 33。
可以采用槽榫等结构方式来实现滑动连接, 如将滑动槽设置在活络芯模块 30 的 底部, 而将榫部安装在活络芯模耐磨板 33上方; 或是, 将滑动槽设置活络芯模耐磨 板 33上方, 而将榫部安装在活络芯模块 30的底部。
10个连接锥形块 20与活络芯模块 30之间的支撑板 40, 可沿径向带动活络芯模 块 30移动。 在支撑板 40贯穿缸体 12的部位分别设置有上、 下耐磨板 43, 在支撑板 40与锥形块 20之间设置有侧耐磨板 42。
采取如石墨等润滑材料构成的耐磨板, 可以有效地降低上述部件之间相对滑动时 的摩擦力, 避免产生蹩劲或因表面磨损而发生连接松脱, 或是因径向移动偏差而导致 硫化压力不达标、 影响环形胎面的预硫化质量。
花纹模 50的表面设置有用于硫化冠部胎面胶层的花纹沟槽。花紋模 50包括有环 形的、 相互之间对接安装的上半模 51和下半模 52, 上半模 51与下半模 52在合模后 形成一个连续的、 完整的环形。
下半模 52紧固安装在底座 60上, 下半模 52的顶部设置有沿圆周分布的一环形 凸台 53, 上半模 51通过环形凸台 53卡扣定位于下半模 52的上方。
底座 60用于承载连接活络芯模块 30和花纹模 50, 10个活络芯模块 30在完全扩 张状态下, 与花紋模 50之间形成硫化双复合胎面的环形沟槽 70。
另外, 油缸 10安装在底座 60下方, 油缸 10的活塞 11分别连接锥形块 20和穿 套在锥形块 20中心的导向轴 21。
在硫化工序中, 油缸 10的活塞 11沿垂向向上推动, 通过活塞 11驱动锥形块 20 沿导向轴 21 向上移动。 由于锥形块 20的小端向上, 在锥形块 20向上移动的同时, 锥形块 20沿径向向外推动支撑板 40。
支撑板在垂向上并没有位移, 支撑板 40端部的 T型耐磨板 41在锥形块 20的滑 槽 23中提供导向作用, 支撑板 40被同时向外推动以带动另一端的活络芯模块 30向 外扩张。
10个活络芯模块 30通过底部与芯模耐磨板 33的滑动连接,同步地呈对称的放射 状向外扩张。 在扩张过程中, 相邻 2个活络芯模块 30之间的指形插片 32交错插接能 够起到防止活络芯模块 30松脱或发生偏转而形成蹩劲。
当 10个活络芯模块 30完全地张开时, 每一组相邻 2个活络芯模块 30之间的指 形插片 32被完全地遮挡在弹簧片 31内侧, 通过 10组弹簧片 31和活络芯模块 30而 构成一个连续的、 完整的环形。 此时环形胎面被压紧在个活络芯模与花纹模 50之间 形成的环形沟槽 70中。
弹簧片 31所起的主要作用是, 防止硫化加压过程中, 胶料借由指形插片 32向外 渗漏而影响到环形胎面的厚度和表面压力值。
通过油缸 10提供的驱动力, 经由支撑板 40和活络芯模块 30的传递, 可以达到 花纹模 50作用于环形胎面冠部胎面胶层表面硫化工艺所需的压力值, 从而实现预硫 化工艺标准的密度、 弹性和耐磨性能。
应用上述硫化装置的结构改进,在硫化工序中,控制硫化装置中的芯模温度为 152 ± 2°C, 活络模温度为 152 ± 2°C, 硫化时间在 25分钟。
基于上述硫化装置的使用, 将花纹模 50设置为环形的、 相互之间对接安装的上 半模 51和下半模 52 , 能够有利于装载环形胎面和脱模操作。
在将环形胎面放入硫化装置以后, 上半模 51通过环形凸台 53卡扣定位于下半模 52的上方, 此时再按上述步骤启动油缸 10进行硫化工序。
当硫化工序结束后, 先卸除油缸 10的内压, 活塞 11沿垂向向下移动复位, 通过 活塞 11带动锥形块 20沿导向轴 21向下移动。
此时借由 T型耐磨板 41, 锥形块 20导向作用于支撑板 40、 同时向内拉动活络芯 模块 30回缩。
通过底部与活络芯模耐磨板 33的滑动连接, 10个活络芯模块 30同步回缩中,相 邻 2个活络芯模块 30之间的指形插片 32交错插接能够防止活络芯模块 30松脱或形 成蹩劲。
当 10个活络芯模块 30完全地回缩到位后, 环形胎面脱离芯模, 此时先行拆卸上 半模 51, 即可将形胎面脱模并取出。
基于上述硫化装置的改进, 本实施例还可实现一种用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方 法。
主要包括有以下步骤:
胶料混炼工序, 将构成橡胶轮胎的原料进行混炼以形成混炼胶;
挤出工序, 混炼胶通过冷喂料螺杆挤出装置, 挤出符合指定轮胎规格的胶片; 压延工序, 胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延以形成胎面半成品;
裁切工序, 根据指定轮胎尺寸的胶片进行定长裁断;
硫化工序, 将裁断后的胶片首尾进行接头并压合, 再装入硫化装置中进行硫化; 经硫化工艺制成一个无接头的、 连续的、 呈圆环状的环形胎面。
所述的环形胎面, 包括 ώ不同配方构成的冠部胎面胶层和基部胶层, 冠部胎面胶 层的外表面通过硫化工序而形成若干个交错排列的凸起部。
在挤出工序中, 2种不同配方的混炼胶分别经冷喂料螺杆挤出装置挤出, 并形成 相互叠加的复层胶片;
在压延工序中, 复层胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延形成双复合胎面半成品。 双复合环形胎面的配方组份, 按质量份数进行配比如下:
冠部胎面胶层, 橡胶 100份, 高耐磨炭黑 60份, 白炭黑 10份, 活性剂 6份, 防 老剂 4份, 芳烃油 20份, 硫黄 1. 5份, 促进剂 1. 5份;
基部胶层, 橡胶 100份, 炭黑 30份, 白炭黑 10份, 活性剂 5份, 防老剂 3份, 硫黄 1. 5份, 促进剂 1. 5份。
在硫化工序中, 控制硫化装置中的活络芯模温度为 152 ±2°C, 活络模温度为 152 ±2°C, 硫化时间在 25分钟。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 包括有以下步骤, 胶料混炼工序, 将构成橡胶轮胎的原料进行混炼以形成混炼胶;
挤出工序, 混炼胶通过冷喂料螺杆挤出装置, 挤出符合指定轮胎规格的胶片; 压延工序, 胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延以形成胎面半成品;
裁切工序, 根据指定轮胎尺寸的胶片进行定长裁断;
硫化工序, 将裁断后的胶片首尾进行接头并压合, 再装入硫化装置中进行硫化; 经硫化工艺制成一个无接头的、 连续的、 呈圆环状的环形胎面。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 所述 的环形胎面, 包括由不同配方构成的冠部胎面胶层和基部胶层;
在挤出工序中, 2种不同配方的混炼胶分别经冷喂料螺杆挤出装置挤出, 并形成 相互叠加的复层胶片;
在压延工序中, 复层胶片经辊筒压延装置进行压延形成双复合胎面半成品。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 所述 的环形胎面, 其冠部胎面胶层的外表面通过硫化工序而形成若干个交错排列的凸起 部,
连接在冠部胎面胶层内表面的基部胶层, 其胶料配方组份按质量份数配比, 包括 有橡胶 100份, 炭黑 25-45份, 白炭黑 5- 10份, 活性剂 3- 5份, 防老剂 2_5份, 硫 黄 1-3份, 促进剂 1-3份。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 配方 组份按质量份数配比,
冠部胎面胶层, 橡胶 100份, 高耐磨炭黑 60份, 白炭黑 10份, 活性剂 6份, 防老剂 4份, 芳烃油 20份, 硫黄 1. 5份, 促进剂 1. 5份;
基部胶层, 橡胶 100份, 炭黑 30份, 白炭黑 10份, 活性剂 5份, 防老剂 3份, 硫黄 1. 5份, 促进剂 1. 5份。
5、根据权利要求 2、 3或 4所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法,其特征在于: 在垂向驱动力的作用下, 放入硫化装置的双复合环形胎面沿水平径向方向, 被活络芯 模整体地向外扩张而压向花纹模以进行硫化处理。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 在硫 化工序中,控制硫化装置中花纹模温度为 145X:〜 150°C,活络芯模温度为 145°C〜150 V, , 硫化时间为 25分钟。
7、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的方法, 其特征在于: 所述硫化装置的花纹模, 分为环形的、 相互之间对接安装的上半模和下半模;
将双复合环形胎面放入硫化装置之后, 上半模与下半模合模而形成一个连续的、 完整的环形;
在完成硫化工序之后, 先回缩活络芯模, 然后将上半模与下半模分模、 移开上半 模, 最后从硫化装置内部将双复合环形胎面脱模并取出。
8、 一种用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 包括有,
用于提供驱动力、 以实现硫化工序中作用于双复合环形胎面表面压力的油缸 ( 10),
由油缸 (10) 驱动实现垂向运动的锥形块 (20 ), 锥形块 (20) 沿水平径向带动 整体芯模向内回缩或向外扩张,
构成活络芯模的数个活络芯模块 (30), 活络芯模块 (30 ) 的外表面是具有相同 弧度的圆弧面, 在完全扩张状态下数个活络芯模块 (30) 的外表面构成一个环形, 数个连接于锥形块(20 )与活络芯模块(30 )之间、 沿径向带动活络芯模块(30 ) 移动的支撑板 (40),
表面设置有用于硫化冠部胎面胶层的花纹沟槽的花纹模 (50),
承载连接活络芯模块 (30) 和花纹模 (50) 的底座 (60),
油缸(10)安装在底座(60)下方, 油缸(10)的活塞(11 )分别连接锥形块(20 ) 和穿套在锥形块 (20) 中心的导向轴 (21 ),
数个活络芯模块 (30 ) 在完全扩张状态下, 与花纹模 (50) 之间形成硫化双复合 胎面的环形沟槽 (70)。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 在活络芯模块 (30) 的外表面, 侧向安装一弧形的弹簧片 (31 );
在活络芯模块 (30) 的两侧对称地设置有 2组指形插片 (32), 相邻 2个活络芯 模块 (30) 的指形插片 (32 ) 相互交错对接;
数个活络芯模块(30 )在完全扩张状态下,位于指形插片(32 )外侧的弹簧片(31 ) 连接两侧相邻的活络芯模块 (30) 而构成一个连续的、 完整的环形。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 在活络芯模块 (30)与底座(60)之间设置一活络芯模耐磨板 (33), 活络芯模块 (30) 的底部滑动连接于活络芯模耐磨板 (33 )。
11、 根据权利要求 8所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 在锥形块 (20) 的外表面, 对称地设置有与活络芯模块 (30) 相同数量的滑槽 (23); 支撑板 (40) 端部的 T型耐磨板 (41 ) 嵌套在滑槽 (23) 中。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 在锥形块 (20) 和导向轴 (21 ) 外部设置一用于密封连接的缸体 (12 ),
在支撑板 (40) 贯穿缸体 (12 ) 的部位设置有上、 下耐磨板 (43 ),
在支撑板 (40) 与锥形块 (20) 之间设置有侧耐磨板 (42 )。
13、 根据权利要求 8所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 所述的花纹模(50 )包括有环形的、相互之间对接安装的上半模(51 )和下半模(52 ), 上半模 (51 ) 与下半模 (52 ) 在合模后形成一个连续的、 完整的环形。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 下半模 (52 ) 紧固安装在底座 (60 ) 上, 下半模 (52) 的顶部设置有沿圆周分布的一 环形凸台 (53), 上半模 (51) 通过环形凸台 (53) 卡扣定位于下半模 (52) 的上方。
15、 根据权利要求 8所述的用于生产预硫化环形胎面的硫化装置, 其特征在于: 所述锥形块 (20) 呈小端向上、 大端向下的垂向设置, 锥形块 (20) 的大端通过中心 块垫板 (13) 紧固安装于活塞 (11)。
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