WO2011070954A1 - 空気調和機および空気調和機の冷媒量検出方法 - Google Patents

空気調和機および空気調和機の冷媒量検出方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011070954A1
WO2011070954A1 PCT/JP2010/071481 JP2010071481W WO2011070954A1 WO 2011070954 A1 WO2011070954 A1 WO 2011070954A1 JP 2010071481 W JP2010071481 W JP 2010071481W WO 2011070954 A1 WO2011070954 A1 WO 2011070954A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
liquid level
circuit
temperature
level detection
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PCT/JP2010/071481
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆博 加藤
篤 塩谷
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三菱重工業株式会社
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Priority to CN201080032591.0A priority Critical patent/CN102472542B/zh
Priority to EP10835875.5A priority patent/EP2511630B1/en
Publication of WO2011070954A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011070954A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/02—Subcoolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/06—Superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/007—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by the weighing of refrigerant or oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/05—Refrigerant levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner that can always be filled with an optimum amount of refrigerant at the time of installation, and a refrigerant amount detection method for the air conditioner.
  • a multi-type air conditioner used for air conditioning of buildings and the like includes a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve for heating, a receiver and an outdoor fan, an indoor heat exchanger, A plurality of indoor units including a cooling expansion valve, an indoor fan, and the like are connected locally by gas refrigerant pipes and liquid refrigerant pipes.
  • a pipe length that connects between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit when the outdoor unit is preliminarily filled with a predetermined amount of refrigerant and the air conditioner is installed in the field and then trial run is performed.
  • an insufficient amount of refrigerant is additionally charged according to the number of indoor units connected.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose techniques for determining that a necessary amount of refrigerant is filled in the refrigerant circuit.
  • Patent Document 1 shows a technique in which a bypass circuit is connected from the predetermined height position of the receiver to the compressor suction side, and an on-off valve, a pressure reducing mechanism, and a temperature detection unit are provided in the bypass circuit. Further, Patent Document 2 is provided with an on-off valve, a pressure reducing mechanism, a heating unit, and a temperature detection unit in the bypass circuit.
  • JP 2002-350014 A Japanese Patent No. 3719246 (see FIG. 1)
  • the liquid level detection circuit is provided with heating means for heating the refrigerant decompressed by the decompression mechanism, and the refrigerant taken out from the receiver is in a gas state.
  • the temperature rise due to heating is large, and in the liquid state, the heat energy from heating is consumed as latent heat of evaporation and the temperature rise is small, so that a sufficient temperature difference can be secured to improve detection accuracy. I have to.
  • it is indispensable to install a heating means in the liquid level detection circuit there is a problem that the configuration becomes complicated.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is an air that can always detect the refrigerant charging amount with high accuracy without providing any special heating means in the liquid level detection circuit and even under low outside air temperature conditions. It aims at providing the refrigerant
  • the air conditioner and the refrigerant amount detection method for the air conditioner of the present invention employ the following means. That is, the air conditioner according to the first aspect of the present invention shunts a compressor, a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a heating expansion valve, a receiver that stores liquid refrigerant, and a part of the liquid refrigerant, An outdoor unit equipped with a supercooling circuit, etc., which exchanges heat with liquid refrigerant in a supercooling heat exchanger and returns to the suction side of the compressor after decompressing the refrigerant with a decompression mechanism, an indoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve for cooling
  • an air conditioner that configures a closed-cycle refrigerant circuit by connecting an indoor unit equipped with a gas refrigerant pipe and a liquid refrigerant pipe to the indoor unit including the receiver and the like via the predetermined height position of the receiver and the supercooling circuit
  • a first liquid level detection circuit having an on-off valve and a pressure
  • a bypass circuit connecting a predetermined height position of the receiver and a suction side of the compressor via a supercooling circuit is provided with an opening / closing valve and a pressure reducing mechanism.
  • a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the decompressed refrigerant through the circuit or the subcooling circuit including the second liquid level detection circuit, and the first liquid level detection circuit or the second liquid level detection circuit that is taken out from the receiver
  • a refrigerant amount detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant after being depressurized by a temperature detection unit and determines a refrigerant charge amount based on the temperature; Therefore, under a temperature condition of about the cooling rating, by flowing the refrigerant from the receiver into the first liquid level detection
  • the predetermined liquid level is set in the receiver from the temperature difference from when the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out. It is possible to reliably detect that the liquid refrigerant has accumulated. Therefore, it is possible to detect the refrigerant charge amount with high accuracy by ensuring sufficient temperature difference under a wide range of temperature conditions without being affected by high pressure fluctuations due to outside air temperature, etc. It becomes possible to fill the amount of refrigerant and to stably operate the air conditioner. Further, since the refrigerant can be heated using the supercooling circuit, it is not necessary to provide a heating means specially on the first liquid level detection circuit side, and the configuration can be simplified.
  • An air conditioner according to a second aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner described above, wherein the air conditioner is closed in the vicinity of a branch portion from the refrigerant circuit of the supercooling circuit during the refrigerant charging operation and opened during the normal air conditioning operation.
  • An electromagnetic on-off valve is provided.
  • the air conditioner according to the second aspect is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve that is closed during the refrigerant charging operation and opened during the normal cooling / heating operation near the branch portion from the refrigerant circuit of the supercooling circuit. Therefore, it is possible to easily switch between the refrigerant charging operation and the normal cooling / heating operation only by opening / closing the electromagnetic opening / closing valve. Therefore, the supercooling circuit can be used in combination as a liquid level detection circuit during the refrigerant charging operation, in addition to the improvement in the capacity during the normal operation, and can contribute to an improvement in the detection accuracy of the refrigerant filling amount.
  • An air conditioner includes an outdoor unit including a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a heating expansion valve, and a receiver for storing liquid refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger, and a cooling expansion valve.
  • an outdoor unit including a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a heating expansion valve, and a receiver for storing liquid refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger, and a cooling expansion valve.
  • a gas refrigerant pipe and a liquid refrigerant pipe to form a closed-cycle refrigerant circuit, the predetermined height position of the receiver and the suction side of the compressor
  • a liquid level detection circuit having an on-off valve and a pressure reducing mechanism interposed in a bypass circuit connecting between them, and an on-off valve and a pressure reducing mechanism capable of introducing a part of hot gas from the discharge side to the suction side of the compressor
  • a hot gas bypass circuit a temperature detection unit capable of detecting the temperature of the refrigerant that has passed through the liquid level detection circuit or a mixture of the refriger
  • a liquid level detection circuit including an open / close valve and a pressure reducing mechanism in a bypass circuit connecting between a predetermined height position of the receiver and the suction side of the compressor;
  • a hot gas bypass circuit having an on-off valve and a pressure reducing mechanism capable of introducing a part of hot gas from the discharge side to the suction side of the compressor, and the refrigerant passing through the liquid level detection circuit or the refrigerant and the hot gas bypass circuit
  • the temperature detection unit capable of detecting the temperature of the refrigerant mixed with the introduced hot gas, and the refrigerant taken out from the receiver to the liquid level detection circuit or the refrigerant and the refrigerant introduced via the hot gas bypass circuit
  • a refrigerant amount detection unit that detects the temperature of the refrigerant after being depressurized by a temperature detection unit and determines a refrigerant charge amount based on the temperature; Therefore, under the temperature condition of about the cooling rating, the refrigerant temperature after decompression is detected when the
  • Heating is performed by mixing hot gas, and a sufficient degree of superheat can be secured, so that it is possible to detect that liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level has accumulated in the receiver from the temperature difference from when saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out. . Therefore, the refrigerant charge amount can be detected with high accuracy by sufficiently ensuring the temperature difference under a wide range of temperature conditions without being affected by fluctuations in high pressure due to the outside air temperature, and there is no excess or deficiency. It is possible to fill the optimal amount of refrigerant and to stably operate the air conditioner.
  • the refrigerant quantity detection method for an air conditioner is the above-described refrigerant quantity detection method for an air conditioner, wherein the second liquid level is measured under a temperature condition of a cooling rating during the refrigerant charging operation.
  • a detection circuit is closed by the on-off valve and the first liquid level detection circuit is used.
  • the first liquid level detection circuit is closed by the on-off valve, and the second liquid level detection circuit The liquid level is detected by using each of the above.
  • the second liquid level detection circuit is closed by the on-off valve and the first liquid level detection circuit is closed under the temperature condition of the cooling rating during the refrigerant charging operation.
  • the first liquid level detection circuit is closed by an on-off valve, and the liquid level detection is performed using the second liquid level detection circuit.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant is taken out under a wide range of temperature conditions by using either the first liquid level detection circuit or the second liquid level detection circuit without being influenced by the outside air temperature.
  • the refrigerant quantity detection method for an air conditioner according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the above-described refrigerant quantity detection method for an air conditioner, wherein the liquid level detection circuit is used in a refrigerant charging operation under a temperature condition of about a cooling rating.
  • the liquid level detection is performed using both the liquid level detection circuit and the hot gas bypass circuit under a low outside air temperature condition.
  • the liquid level detection circuit is used under the temperature condition of the cooling rating during the refrigerant charging operation, and the liquid level detection circuit is used under the low outside air temperature condition.
  • the hot gas bypass circuit are used to detect the liquid level.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant is taken out from the receiver by flowing the refrigerant from the receiver into the first liquid level detection circuit under a temperature condition of about the cooling rating. And when the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out, it is possible to detect the refrigerant temperature after depressurization and reliably detect that the liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level has accumulated in the receiver from the temperature difference. it can. On the other hand, under a low outside air temperature condition, the saturated gas refrigerant taken out from the receiver flows into the supercooling circuit via the second liquid level detection circuit, so that heat is exchanged with the liquid refrigerant in the supercooling heat exchanger.
  • the degree of superheat can be sufficiently increased, it is possible to reliably detect that the liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level has accumulated in the receiver from the temperature difference from the case where the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out.
  • the refrigerant charge amount can be detected with high accuracy by ensuring a sufficient temperature difference under a wide range of temperature conditions without being affected by fluctuations in high pressure due to the outside air temperature, and there is no excess or deficiency. It is possible to fill the optimal amount of refrigerant and to stably operate the air conditioner. Further, since the refrigerant can be heated using the supercooling circuit, it is not necessary to provide a heating means specially on the first liquid level detection circuit side, and the configuration can be simplified.
  • the air conditioner and the air conditioner refrigerant amount detection method of the present invention under the temperature condition of the cooling rating, when the saturated gas refrigerant is taken out from the receiver to the liquid level detection circuit, When the liquid refrigerant is taken out, it is possible to detect the refrigerant temperature after depressurization and to detect that a predetermined level of liquid refrigerant has accumulated in the receiver from the temperature difference.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant taken out from the receiver can be heated by mixing the hot gas introduced through the hot gas bypass circuit, and the degree of superheat can be sufficiently increased.
  • the refrigerant charge amount can be detected with high accuracy by sufficiently ensuring the temperature difference under a wide range of temperature conditions without being affected by fluctuations in high pressure due to the outside air temperature, and there is no excess or deficiency. It is possible to fill the optimal amount of refrigerant and to stably operate the air conditioner.
  • FIG. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when saturated gas refrigerant is bypassed through a first liquid level detection circuit at a high temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when saturated liquid refrigerant is bypassed through a first liquid level detection circuit at a high temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when the saturated gas refrigerant is bypassed through the first liquid level detection circuit at a low temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when the saturated gas refrigerant is bypassed through the second liquid level detection circuit at a low temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram (a part of which is omitted) of an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 7 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when a mixed refrigerant of saturated gas refrigerant and hot gas is bypassed through a liquid level detection circuit and a hot gas bypass circuit at a low temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG. 7 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram when a mixed refrigerant of saturated liquid refrigerant and hot gas is bypassed through a liquid level detection circuit and a hot gas bypass circuit at a low temperature in the air conditioner shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner 1 is a multi-type air conditioner that is applied to air conditioning of buildings and the like, and includes an outdoor unit 2 and a plurality of indoor units 3 connected in parallel to each other (FIG. 1 shows only one unit). It is composed of).
  • a compressor 10 that compresses the refrigerant, a four-way switching valve 11 that switches the circulation direction of the refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger 12 that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, and the outside air are passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 12.
  • An outdoor fan 13 for heating, an electric expansion valve for heating (heating expansion valve) 14, a receiver 15 for accumulating condensed liquid refrigerant, and the like are disposed, and a compressor 10, a four-way switching valve 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12,
  • the outdoor refrigerant circuit 17 is configured by sequentially connecting the heating electric expansion valve 14 and the receiver 15 via the refrigerant pipe 16.
  • a part of the liquid refrigerant is divided into the outdoor refrigerant circuit 17, and the liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the supercooling expansion valve (decompression mechanism) 18, and then sucked into the compressor 10 through the supercooling heat exchanger 19.
  • a supercooling circuit 20 for providing supercooling to the liquid refrigerant in the supercooling heat exchanger 19 is provided.
  • an indoor heat exchanger 30, an indoor fan 31 that circulates indoor air through the indoor heat exchanger 30, an electric expansion valve for cooling (an expansion valve for cooling) 32, and the like are disposed inside the indoor unit 3.
  • the indoor unit 3 and the outdoor unit 2 are connected through a gas refrigerant pipe 33 and a liquid refrigerant pipe 34, whereby a closed cycle refrigerant circuit 35 is configured.
  • the plurality of indoor units 3 are connected in parallel to each other via a gas refrigerant pipe 33 and a liquid refrigerant pipe 34 branched from the gas refrigerant pipe 33 and the liquid refrigerant pipe 34.
  • the air conditioner 1 circulates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to the outdoor heat exchanger 12 side via the four-way switching valve 11, and receives the receiver 15, the supercooling heat exchanger 19, the cooling electric expansion valve 32, By circulating the indoor heat exchanger 30, the four-way switching valve 11 and the compressor 10 in the clockwise direction, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 30 functions as an evaporator so that the cooling operation can be performed. It has become.
  • the cooling capacity can be improved.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 is circulated to the indoor heat exchanger 30 side via the four-way switching valve 11, and the supercooling heat exchanger 19, the receiver 15, the heating electric expansion valve 14, the outdoor heat exchanger. 12, the four-way switching valve 11 and the compressor 10 are circulated in the counterclockwise direction so that the indoor heat exchanger 30 functions as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, so that a heating operation can be performed. .
  • the lengths of the gas refrigerant pipe 33 and the liquid refrigerant pipe 34 connecting the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 3 vary depending on the environment in which the air conditioner 1 is installed. For this reason, when the outdoor unit 2 is preliminarily filled with a predetermined amount of refrigerant and the air conditioner 1 is installed in the field, the length of the pipe connecting the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 3 when the test operation is performed Insufficient amount of refrigerant must be charged according to the number of indoor units 3 connected. When the refrigerant is additionally charged, the following first liquid level detection circuit 40 and second liquid level detection circuit 45 described below are used so that an appropriate amount of refrigerant can be always charged without depending on the construction level at the site. In addition, a refrigerant amount detection unit 48 is incorporated.
  • the first liquid level detection circuit 40 includes a bypass circuit 41 that can take out a refrigerant from a predetermined height position in the receiver 15 to the suction side of the compressor 10, a capillary tube provided in the bypass circuit 41, an expansion
  • the bypass circuit 41 is connected and joined to the supercooling circuit 20 near the connection portion where the supercooling circuit 20 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 10. ing.
  • a thermistor or the like that detects the temperature of the refrigerant depressurized by the depressurization mechanism 42 or the depressurization mechanism 18 that flows through the bypass circuit 41 and the subcooling circuit 20 at a position closer to the suction pipe side of the compressor 10 than the connection junction of the bypass circuit 41
  • a temperature sensor (temperature detection unit) 44 is installed.
  • the second liquid level detection circuit 45 is branched from a position before the decompression mechanism 42 in the bypass circuit 41 constituting the first liquid level detection circuit 40, and is a subcooling expansion valve (decompression mechanism) of the supercooling circuit 20.
  • the circuit connected to the 18 inlet side is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 46.
  • the second liquid level detection circuit 45 passes through the supercooling expansion valve (decompression mechanism) 18 and the supercooling heat exchanger 19 in the supercooling circuit 20 for the refrigerant taken out from the receiver 15 during the refrigerant charging operation.
  • 10 is a circuit that returns to the suction side.
  • an electromagnetic on-off valve 47 is provided near the branch portion of the supercooling circuit 20 in order to stop the liquid refrigerant from being diverted to the supercooling circuit 20.
  • the refrigerant amount detector 48 is for determining whether or not an appropriate amount of refrigerant has been charged based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 44.
  • liquid refrigerant accumulates in the receiver 15, Detection from the temperature sensor 44 when the liquid level reaches the height position where the bypass circuit 31 is opened and the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out by the first liquid level detection circuit 40 or the second liquid level detection circuit 45. Detection from the temperature sensor 44 when the saturated gas refrigerant is taken out by the first liquid level detection circuit 40 or the second liquid level detection circuit 45 until the temperature and the liquid refrigerant reach a predetermined height position. Based on the temperature difference from the temperature, it is possible to determine whether or not an appropriate amount of refrigerant has been charged.
  • the refrigerant amount detection unit 48 closes the electromagnetic on-off valve 47 provided in the supercooling circuit 20 during the refrigerant charging operation, and the first liquid level detection circuit 40 or the first level according to the outside air temperature, the high pressure side pressure, or the like.
  • it has a function of controlling opening and closing of the electromagnetic on-off valves 43 and 46. That is, when using the first liquid level detection circuit 40, the electromagnetic switching valve 43 is opened and the electromagnetic switching valve 46 is closed.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve 43 is closed and the electromagnetic switching valve is closed.
  • the valve 46 is opened.
  • the refrigerant circuit 35 is operated as a cooling cycle.
  • the outdoor fan 13 is controlled so that the condensation pressure in the outdoor heat exchanger 12 becomes a predetermined value, and at the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 30, a predetermined superheat degree is given to the refrigerant.
  • the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 32 is controlled. Thereby, the refrigerant can be filled in the refrigerant circuit 35 in a state where the liquid refrigerant pipe 34 is filled with the liquid refrigerant having a predetermined density.
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve 47 in the supercooling circuit 20 is closed and, for example, when the outside air temperature is high, such as a cooling rating, the electromagnetic on-off valve 43 is opened, the electromagnetic on-off valve 46 is closed, and the low outside air temperature is low. Sometimes, the electromagnetic on-off valve 43 is closed and the electromagnetic on-off valve 46 is opened.
  • the refrigerant circulation amount in the refrigerant circuit 35 is gradually increased, and the liquid level of the refrigerant in the receiver 15 gradually increases.
  • the liquid refrigerant is placed in the receiver 15 up to a height position where the bypass circuit 41 is open. Until the gas level is accumulated, the saturated gas refrigerant in the receiver 15 flows to the first liquid level detection circuit 40, and when the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant rises to a height position where the bypass circuit 41 is opened, The saturated liquid refrigerant flows into the first liquid level detection circuit 40.
  • the high pressure may be lowered by controlling the rotation speed of the compressor 10, the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 13, and the like.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant or saturated liquid refrigerant is decompressed to a low pressure state by the decompression mechanism 43, and the temperature drops.
  • the refrigerant amount detection unit looks at the temperature difference between the temperature drop from the saturated gas refrigerant state and the temperature drop from the saturated liquid refrigerant state. 48 detects that the liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level has accumulated in the receiver 15, and determines that the required amount of refrigerant has been filled. At this point, the refrigerant filling operation is terminated.
  • the temperature difference is sufficiently secured.
  • the pressure in the receiver 15 is around 2 MPa (when the refrigerant is R410A).
  • the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing mechanism 43, the temperature is lowered to the point A, and a certain degree of superheat SH can be secured.
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve 43 is closed and the electromagnetic on-off valve 46 is opened.
  • the liquid level detection circuit is switched to the second liquid level detection circuit 45, the refrigerant taken out from the receiver 15 is allowed to flow to the supercooling circuit 20 via the second liquid level detection circuit 45.
  • the refrigerant taken out to the supercooling circuit 20 via the second liquid level detection circuit 45 is decompressed by the supercooling expansion valve (decompression mechanism) 18, and then is cooled by the supercooling heat exchanger 19. The heat is exchanged and heated, evaporated, and returned to the suction side of the compressor 10.
  • a temperature difference of a certain value or more is secured between when the saturated gas refrigerant is taken out and when the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out.
  • the saturated liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the depressurization mechanism 18 and dropped in temperature, then heated and evaporated by the supercooling heat exchanger 19, and the superheat degree is 0 at point D on the saturated gas line. It becomes a refrigerant at °C.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant is depressurized and drops in temperature to the point C, and then heated by the supercooling heat exchanger 19, whereby the superheat degree SH is increased to the point E. For this reason, a sufficient temperature difference can be ensured, and the refrigerant amount detection unit 48 can reliably detect that an appropriate amount of refrigerant has been charged.
  • the saturated gas refrigerant taken out from the receiver 15 is allowed to flow into the supercooling circuit 20 via the second liquid level detection circuit 45 even under conditions where the pressure on the high pressure side cannot be secured at low outside air temperature. Therefore, the supercooling heat exchanger 19 heats the liquid refrigerant for heating, and the degree of superheat can be sufficiently increased. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level is introduced into the receiver 15 from the temperature difference from when the saturated liquid refrigerant is taken out. Can be reliably detected.
  • the refrigerant charge amount is detected with high accuracy by ensuring a sufficient temperature difference between the saturated gas refrigerant and the saturated liquid refrigerant under a wide range of temperature conditions without being influenced by high pressure fluctuations caused by the outside air temperature. It is possible to fill the optimal amount of refrigerant without excess and deficiency, and to operate the air conditioner 1 stably. Further, since the refrigerant can be heated using the supercooling circuit 20, it is not necessary to provide a heating means specially on the first liquid level detection circuit 40 side, and the configuration can be simplified.
  • an electromagnetic on-off valve 47 that is closed during the refrigerant charging operation and opened during the normal cooling / heating operation is provided near the branch portion from the refrigerant circuit 35 of the supercooling circuit 20. Switching between the refrigerant charging operation and the normal air conditioning operation can be easily performed only by opening / closing the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 47. Therefore, the supercooling circuit 20 can be used in combination as a liquid level detection circuit during the refrigerant charging operation, in addition to improving the capability during the normal cooling / heating operation, and can contribute to an improvement in the detection accuracy of the refrigerant filling amount. Moreover, since the existing temperature sensor provided in the supercooling circuit 20 can be shared as the temperature sensor 44, a temperature sensor can be saved.
  • FIGS. 6 differs from the first embodiment described above in that a hot gas bypass circuit 50 is provided instead of the second liquid level detection circuit 45. Since other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.
  • a capillary is connected to a bypass circuit 41 that connects a predetermined height position in the receiver 15 and the suction side of the compressor 10.
  • a liquid level detection circuit 40 having a pressure reducing mechanism 42 and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 43 including a tube, an expansion valve, etc., an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 51 capable of introducing a part of hot gas from the discharge side to the suction side of the compressor 10
  • Temperature of a hot gas bypass circuit 50 having a pressure reducing mechanism 52 including a capillary tube, an expansion valve, etc., and a refrigerant that has passed through the liquid level detection circuit 40 or a mixture of the refrigerant and hot gas introduced from the hot gas bypass circuit 50
  • a temperature sensor 53 for detecting.
  • the refrigerant amount detection unit 48 detects that liquid refrigerant of a predetermined liquid level has accumulated in the receiver 15 based on the detection value from the temperature sensor 53, and fills the refrigerant. The amount can be determined. In addition, the refrigerant quantity detection unit 48 determines whether to use only the liquid level detection circuit 40 according to the outside air temperature, the high pressure side pressure, or the like during the refrigerant charging operation, or to perform the liquid level detection using the hot gas bypass circuit 50 together. When the determination is made, the electromagnetic on / off valves 43 and 51 are controlled to open / close.
  • the electromagnetic switching valve 43 is opened and the electromagnetic switching valve 51 is closed, and when the liquid level detection circuit 40 and the hot gas bypass circuit 50 are used together, the electromagnetic switching is performed. Both valves 43 and 51 are opened.
  • the liquid level detection circuit 40 including the pressure reducing mechanism 42 and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 43 is provided between the predetermined height position of the receiver 15 and the suction side of the compressor 10, and the discharge side and suction of the compressor 10 are provided.
  • a hot gas bypass circuit 50 in which an electromagnetic on-off valve 41 and a pressure reducing mechanism 42 are interposed is provided between the compressor 10 and the hot gas discharged from the compressor 10 via the hot gas bypass circuit 50.
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve 51 When the outside air temperature is low, the electromagnetic on-off valve 51 is opened, and hot gas decompressed by the decompression mechanism 52 is introduced to the suction side of the compressor 10 via the hot gas bypass circuit 50, so that the hot gas is discharged from the receiver 15.
  • the refrigerant can be mixed with the refrigerant taken out by the surface detection circuit 40 and heated. For this reason, the saturated gas refrigerant taken out from the receiver 15 to the liquid level detection circuit 40 is mixed with hot gas decompressed to the point G after being decompressed and dropped to the point F as shown in FIG.
  • the degree of superheat SH is raised to the H point.
  • the saturated liquid refrigerant taken out from the receiver 15 is depressurized and evaporated, drops in temperature to the I point, and then mixed with the hot gas depressurized to the J point to obtain the K point.
  • the degree of superheat cannot be ensured. Therefore, a sufficient temperature difference can be ensured, and the refrigerant amount detection unit 48 can reliably detect that an appropriate amount of refrigerant has been charged.
  • the air conditioner 1 can be stably operated by filling an optimal amount of refrigerant without excess or deficiency.
  • the hot gas is directly mixed with the refrigerant from the liquid level detection circuit 40 to heat the refrigerant, so that the temperature can be detected without a time delay, and therefore the refrigerant charge amount is detected.
  • the accuracy can be further increased.
  • the existing suction temperature sensor provided in the suction pipe of the compressor 10 can be shared as the temperature sensor 53, the temperature sensor can be saved.
  • the present invention is not limited to the invention according to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the supercooling circuit 20 is omitted in the second embodiment
  • the invention according to the second embodiment may be applied to the air conditioner 1 including the supercooling circuit 20.
  • the bypass circuit 41 of the first liquid level detection circuit (liquid level detection circuit) 40 is inserted and connected from the upper surface of the receiver 15. As long as it is connected so as to be opened at a predetermined height position, it may be inserted from the side surface or the lower surface of the receiver 15 so as to be opened at a predetermined height position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
PCT/JP2010/071481 2009-12-10 2010-12-01 空気調和機および空気調和機の冷媒量検出方法 WO2011070954A1 (ja)

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CN201080032591.0A CN102472542B (zh) 2009-12-10 2010-12-01 空气调节机及空气调节机的制冷剂量检测方法
EP10835875.5A EP2511630B1 (en) 2009-12-10 2010-12-01 Air conditioner and refrigerant amount detection method for air conditioner

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CN102607220A (zh) * 2012-04-05 2012-07-25 海信（北京）电器有限公司 一种调试冰箱制冷剂灌注量的方法
EP3056840A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-06-21 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration device
EP3115714A4 (en) * 2014-03-07 2017-11-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Air conditioning device
EP3312524A4 (en) * 2015-06-18 2018-07-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Refrigeration cycle device
JPWO2020065999A1 (ja) * 2018-09-28 2021-08-30 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置の室外機、冷凍サイクル装置、及び空気調和装置

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JP5983678B2 (ja) * 2014-05-28 2016-09-06 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
JP6621616B2 (ja) * 2014-09-03 2019-12-18 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 冷媒量検知装置
CN104949414B (zh) * 2015-07-10 2017-12-19 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调器及其压缩机油位的检测方法和装置
JP6475647B2 (ja) * 2016-01-30 2019-02-27 株式会社 ナンバ 冷凍サイクルにおける冷媒漏洩検知装置
JP6643630B2 (ja) * 2016-02-17 2020-02-12 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 空気調和装置
CN106931604B (zh) * 2017-03-30 2019-07-30 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 商用多联机防冷媒堆积处理方法
CN107576104A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2018-01-12 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 用于空调器的冷媒调节系统及空调器
WO2020110289A1 (ja) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 制御装置及び空気調和装置
EP4071425A4 (en) * 2019-12-04 2022-11-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation OUTDOOR UNIT AND REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE
JP7224533B2 (ja) * 2020-03-27 2023-02-17 三菱電機株式会社 室外機及びそれを備える冷凍サイクル装置
WO2021229766A1 (ja) * 2020-05-14 2021-11-18 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍装置

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CN102607220A (zh) * 2012-04-05 2012-07-25 海信（北京）电器有限公司 一种调试冰箱制冷剂灌注量的方法
EP3056840A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-06-21 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration device
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JPWO2020065999A1 (ja) * 2018-09-28 2021-08-30 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置の室外機、冷凍サイクル装置、及び空気調和装置
JP7196187B2 (ja) 2018-09-28 2022-12-26 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置の室外機、冷凍サイクル装置、及び空気調和装置

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EP2511630B1 (en) 2019-07-24
CN102472542B (zh) 2015-01-14
EP2511630A4 (en) 2017-09-20
CN102472542A (zh) 2012-05-23
EP2511630A1 (en) 2012-10-17
JP2011122767A (ja) 2011-06-23

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