WO2011063770A2 - Polipéptidos inmunomoduladores derivados de la il-2 y su uso terapéutico en cáncer y en infecciones crónicas - Google Patents
Polipéptidos inmunomoduladores derivados de la il-2 y su uso terapéutico en cáncer y en infecciones crónicas Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/52—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- C07K14/54—Interleukins [IL]
- C07K14/55—IL-2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- A61K38/20—Interleukins [IL]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/30—Non-immunoglobulin-derived peptide or protein having an immunoglobulin constant or Fc region, or a fragment thereof, attached thereto
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/31—Fusion polypeptide fusions, other than Fc, for prolonged plasma life, e.g. albumin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the branch of biotechnology and particularly to immunology.
- the invention relates to technical solutions with therapeutic application for human health. Particularly it is related to the therapeutic application of the modulation of the immune system by means of analogs of natural molecules.
- Interleukin 2 was the first growth factor described for T cells. Since its discovery, its ability to promote proliferation and survival of T cells in vitro was observed (Smith, KA (1988) Science. 240 , 1169-76), as well as its ability to enhance the T immune response in the context of viral infections (Blattman, JN, et al. (2003) Nat Med. 9, 540-7) or vaccines (Fishman, M. , et al. (2008) J Immunother. 31, 72-80; Kudo-Saito, C, er a /. (2007) Immunol Cancer Immunother. 56, 1897-910; Lin, CT, et al. (2007) Immunol Lett. 114, 86-93). However, this classic role of IL-2 as a promoter of the T immune response has
- Interleukin 2 has also been proposed as a relevant actor in the mechanism by which regulatory T cells suppress the activity and expansion of other effector cells such as helper CD4 T, cytotoxic CD8 T and natural NK killer cells. In particular, it has been recently proposed that regulatory T cells suppress other T cells, inducing local levels decrease
- IL-2 is a cytokine with highly pleiotropic properties, being very relevant in the biological activity of different cell populations. This property makes IL-2 an important node in the regulation of the immune response, making it an attractive and complex target for immuno modulation therapies. In particular, the pleitropic nature of the action of this cytokine makes it very relevant the design of therapeutic strategies that selectively / preferentially modulate the activity of this cytokine in different cell populations.
- IL-2 has been used for several years in cancer therapy. In particular, its use in high doses is an approved therapy in several countries for the treatment of melanoma and metastatic renal carcinoma. However, the direct use of IL-2 in patients is severely limited by its toxic effects.
- IL-2 therapy also stimulates regulatory T cell populations (Ahmadzadeh, M., et al. (2006) Blood. 107, 2409-14) that could act in against the immuno-stimulation pursued with it.
- Several strategies have been developed with the objective of mitigating the toxic effects of IL-2 therapy. Some of these strategies are based on the use of mutated variants of IL-2, designed to increase the ability of this molecule to signal mostly by the high affinity receptor (alpha, beta and gamma chains) and not by the intermediate affinity ( beta and gamma chains).
- the present invention is based on the scientific finding that mutated variants of IL-2 can exert preferential inhibition on regulatory T cells.
- the present invention relates to polypeptides that share primary sequence with human IL-2, except that several amino acids have been mutated by eliminating or substantially reducing their ability to signal by different forms of the
- IL-2 receptor 30 IL-2 receptor.
- mutated variants of IL-2 maintain their ability to bind to one or more components of the IL-2 receptor, having an inhibitory activity that is preferential over regulatory T cell populations, negatively modulating their function.
- several specific variants of IL-2 mutants having preferential inhibitory property on regulatory T cells are protected.
- 35 also includes the therapeutic applications of these mutated variants, alone or in combination with vaccines, for the therapy of diseases such as cancer or chronic infections where the activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is relevant.
- the present invention proposes a new strategy to modulate the activity of
- IL-2 mutants are practically own proteins (except for a few mutations). This factor reduces the risk of unexpected toxicities (common in small-scale inhibitor-based strategies) or of a immune response against the drug (as would be possible in strategies such as ONTAK, which couple IL-2 to a foreign and toxic molecule such as diphtheria toxin).
- the present invention relates to polypeptides of size between 100 and 500 amino acids, preferably of size 140 whose apparent molecular weight is at least 15 kD. These polypeptides maintain a high sequence identity with native IL2, more than 90% identity, in an area of their sequence, include 2 to 6 mutations with respect to native IL-2. In these positions, these polypeptides are mutated by introducing amino acid residues different from those that exist in the same position in the native IL-2. The residues that replace the original residues are selected to possess physicochemical properties that are very different from the original amino acid, change of polar residue to apolar, loaded by not loaded, large by small, acidic by basic, among others.
- the polypeptides of the present invention can also be referred to as
- immunomodulatory polypeptides analogs of IL-2 or muteins of IL-2, among others.
- These polypeptides are designed from the 3D structure of IL-2 (deposited in the PDB database), introducing mutations only at IL2 positions that correspond to amino acids significantly exposed to the solvent, identified using bioinformatic domain programs
- polypeptides of this invention can be obtained by different routes, among others, by protein synthesis. They could also be obtained by genetic engineering techniques, for example by expressing them as inclusion bodies in bacteria such as
- IL-2 analog polypeptides for their biological activity;
- the polypeptides of the present invention are selected from experimentation in vitro and or in vivo to simultaneously possess the following properties:
- binding capacity can be directly assessed by
- the levels of recognition of the IL-2 receptor should be comparable to those of native IL-2 in these assays.
- IL-2 have an inhibitory activity of the activity of native IL-2 on lymphocytes, but which is preferential on populations of 20 regulatory T cells (at least in CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + T cells).
- At least the IL-2 muteins included in this invention are capable in a certain range of concentrations to preferentially or selectively inhibit the activity or expansion of regulatory T cells, without affecting or minimally affecting the activity and / or expansion of other lymphocytes. with effector functions
- helper T cells cytotoxic T cells or NK cells.
- the preferential or selective inhibitory activity of these muteins can be evidenced with various in vitro assays, where the response to stimuli from mixtures of effector and regulatory populations in the presence of increasing amounts of the muteins is studied. In a range of mutein concentrations, the
- This invention should exhibit an ability to inhibit at least three times more expansion or activity of regulatory T cells than inhibit the activity or expansion of effector populations used in the assay, for example helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells or NK cells .
- This invention also includes several particular variants of mutated IL-2.
- Table 1 Built mutants, referring to the mutation according to the numbering of human IL2.
- the present invention also comprises additional modifications of the class of 5 IL-2 mutants referred to above and especially those described in Table 1. Either to increase their affinity for specific components of the IL-2 receptor, but without affect or even improve its character of preferential inhibitor; or to improve its pharmacodynamics in vivo: increase the life time or reduce its internalization by T cells. These additional mutations could be obtained by rational design with bioinformatics tools, or by using combinatorial molecular libraries of different nature (phage libraries, libraries of gene expression in yeast or bacteria). Therapeutic application of IL-2 analog polypeptides; This invention further includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising
- the polypeptide of the present invention should be administered to a subject carrying the disease independently or in combination with other polypeptides or with other substances that facilitate or enhance its therapeutic action.
- the administration route may be any of the routes of
- parenteral drug administration may preferably be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intratumorally.
- the polypeptides or fusion proteins described by the present invention can also be administered as part of a pharmaceutical composition useful in the
- the polypeptide of the present invention must be administered at doses high enough to guarantee a concentration thereof in the lymph node or peripheral site relevant to the disease under study, which is in the range of concentrations for the which the
- 35 mutein shows a preferential inhibitory effect on regulatory T cells.
- the dose in question should therefore be adjusted for the type of disease and route of administration under study.
- the dose should be adjusted to achieve concentrations of the mutant inside the tumor and / or in the loco-regional lymph node that guarantee a preferential inhibitory effect on regulatory T cells.
- the dose ranges to be explored can vary from tens of micrograms to a few milligrams per dose.
- the number of administrations to be applied should also be adjusted to the biodistribution of the mutein in question. In general, the aforementioned effective concentrations must be sustained for a time ranging from 2 days to 30 consecutive days.
- the frequency of administrations thereof must be adjusted accordingly.
- Therapeutic action should be understood as the total or partial remission of the symptoms of the disease.
- the decrease in tumor volume or the increase in relapse time will be, among others, the criteria for disease remission.
- IL-2 mutants are practically own proteins (except for a few mutations). This factor reduces the risk of unexpected toxicities (common in small-scale inhibitor-based strategies) or an immune response against the drug (as would be possible in strategies such as ONTAK, which couple IL-2 to a foreign and toxic molecule. as is the diphtheria toxin).
- IL-2 IL-2 receptor binding affinities at least in the order of affinity of. native IL-2 (10 pM for the high affinity receptor). This affinity is difficult to overcome with inhibitor strategies of the receptor or ligand, with monoclonal antibodies or other drugs.
- Example 1 The mutants were computationally designed, based on bioinformatics techniques, using as a basis the reported structure of the quaternary complex of human IL-2 bound to the receptor as reported by Wang, X., Rickert, M. and Garc ⁇ a, K.C. in, Structure of the quaternary complex of interleukin-2 with its alpha, beta, and gamma receptors. Science, 2005. 310 (5751): p. 1159-63 and energy calculation algorithms of the public domain protein-ligand interaction.
- Various variants of muteins were initially predicted, so as not to affect the ability of binding by the alpha and beta chains of the receptor.
- muteins were expressed in E.coli from a genetic construct in the pET28a vector including a sequence of 6 histidines in the terminal amino.
- the muteins were purified by reverse phase (fig 1) and obtained with high purity (> 95%).
- the muteins obtained were selected from their properties in experimental in vitro tests.
- Table 1 a set of specific mutations are described that have the property of preferentially inhibiting Tregs activity.
- Example 2 The selected muteins retain the ability to bind to different components of the IL2 receptor.
- Figure 2 shows using ELISA techniques that several of the mutants specified in Table 1 keep their binding capacity to the alpha chain (fig.2a) and the beta chain (fig.2b) of the IL-2 receptor virtually intact.
- human Figure 3 further shows the confirmation that these mutants bind to the receptor on the surface of a cell (fig. 3a) and that this binding can be gradually displaced by the addition of native IL-2 (fig. 3b).
- Example 3 The selected muteins significantly reduce their ability to signal by the IL-2 receptor.
- Figure 3 illustrates this fact by measuring their ability to stimulate the growth of the CTLL2 cell line (fig. 4a)
- NK cells Alternatively to stimulate the differentiation of NK cells from total spleen lymphocytes (Fig. 4b). These muteins in high concentrations inhibit the activity of native IL-2, both on T lymphocytes (fig. 5a) and on NK cells (fig. 5b).
- Example 4 Selected muteins preferentially inhibit the expansion of regulatory T cells (CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 +) in vitro.
- Figure 6 illustrates this property for one of the mutants in Table 1, particularly it is shown that in a lymphocyte culture where there is a mixture of effector and regulatory T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 antibodies, the addition of muteins in a certain intermediate range Dose substantially inhibits CD4 + FoxP3 + regulatory T cells, without significantly affecting the expansion of CD4 + FoxP3- effector populations.
- Example 5 Selected muteins are preferentially sequestered by regulatory T cells in a culture, reducing their ability to affect the activity of effector T cells. These muteins inhibit the signaling (stimulation) mediated by the IL-2 produced endogenously in populations of CD4 + CD25-FoxP3-purified helper T cells and stimulated with anti-CD3 antibodies. However, the addition of increasing amounts of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + regulatory T cells to these cultures paradoxically reduces the inhibition mediated by the mutant on effector T populations (Fig. 7). This effect is explained by the ability of the described muteins to preferentially inhibit the activity of IL-2 on regulatory T populations. The presence of regulatory T cells even in small quantities diverts the activity of the mutants towards these cells, reducing the suppressive activity of the mutein on the effector population.
- FIGURES Figure 1 Production and purification of mutated variants of human IL-2, a: Western blot showing the expression of some mutated variants and native control IL-2 in E. coli strains transfected with the genetic construct done; b: Example of a typical purification profile obtained in reverse phase purification.
- Figure 3 Evaluation by flow cytometry of the ability of several of the muteins referred to in Table 1 to bind to the IL-2 receptor on the cell surface.
- the murine cell line CTLL2 Muteins or control of native IL-2 in the Cell surface were detected with an anti-6-His-PE antibody that recognizes a histidine head that is included in the genetic construction of these molecules, a): Histograms showing the levels of direct binding detected, b): Displacement of cell-bound muteins, measured by the decrease in average fluorescence intensity, caused by the addition of increasing amounts of native IL-2 (a variant of this molecule that has no histidine head and does not interfere with the development).
- Figure 4 Evaluation of the signaling capacity of several of the muteins referred to in Table 1.
- a) The activity of the muteins was evaluated in a proliferation assay of the CTLL2 cell line measured by a colorimetric assay using MTT.
- b) Muteins were also evaluated in a differentiation test of NK1.1 + cells from total mouse splenocytes. In both cases, the ability to stimulate the muteins against a control of native IL-2 that is produced in exactly the same experimental system (same genetic construction, strain of producing E.coli, purification system) is compared. Similar results to the graph shown in Fig. 3a are obtained with the Kitt225 cell line, where the receptor system is human.
- Figure 5 Evaluation of the ability of several of the muteins referred to in Table 1 to inhibit the activity of native IL-2 in vitro.
- a Inhibition of proliferation of total lymph node lymphocytes stimulated with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (clone 2C11 at 10 ⁇ g / mL) by increasing concentrations of the muteins.
- b Inhibition of the differentiation of NK1.1 + cells from total mouse splenocytes stimulated with 500 IU / mL amount of native IL-2, by the addition of increasing amounts of muteins in the culture.
- FIG. 6 Evaluation of the ability of muteins to preferentially inhibit CD4 + Foxp3 + lymphocytes.
- Mouse ganglion lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (clone 2C11 at 10 ⁇ g / mL) in the presence of the indicated amounts of the M1 mutein (as referenced in Table 1).
- flow cytometry was determined using reference beads, the number of live CD4 + Foxp3 + regulatory lymphocytes and CD4 + Foxp3- effectors.
- the graph in a shows the cytometry mapping used to differentiate populations.
- the graph in b shows the levels of inhibition of proliferation induced by
- T effector cells CD4 + CD25-FoxP3- were purified using magnetic beads, labeled with CFSE and placed in cultures
- Figure 6b shows proliferation levels in effector cells, measured by dilution of CFSE, for different amounts of regulatory cells in the culture. As can be seen in the absence of Tregs, the presence of muteins substantially affects the proliferation of effector cells (effect
- Tregs are added, proliferation is recovered in effector T cells, since Tregs preferentially sequester the mutein releasing the effector cells from their inhibitory effect.
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US13/512,429 US8759486B2 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory interleukin-2 polypeptides and methods of treating melanoma |
ES10803437.2T ES2643465T3 (es) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Polipéptidos inmunomoduladores derivados de IL-2 y su uso terapéutico contra el cáncer e infecciones crónicas |
MX2012006077A MX2012006077A (es) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Polipeptidos inmunomoduladores derivados de la interleucina 2 y su uso terapeutico en cancer y en infecciones cronicas. |
NZ599792A NZ599792A (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il- 2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
AU2010324254A AU2010324254B2 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from IL- 2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
JP2012540281A JP5680661B2 (ja) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Il−2に由来する免疫調節ポリペプチド並びに癌及び慢性感染症の治療におけるその使用 |
CA2781173A CA2781173C (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
SG2012039053A SG181089A1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il- 2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
EA201290395A EA021867B1 (ru) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Иммуномодулирующие полипептиды, полученные из il-2, и их применение для лечения рака и хронических инфекций |
BR112012012025A BR112012012025B8 (pt) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | polipeptídeo imunomodulador derivado da interleucina-2, proteína de fusão, composição farmacêutica e usos do polipeptídeo e da proteína de fusão |
MYPI2012002130A MY162324A (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
EP10803437.2A EP2505206B1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
KR1020127010828A KR101484590B1 (ko) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | 인터류킨-2에서 유래된 면역조절성 폴리펩티드 및 이를 이용한 암 및 만성감염의 치료에서의 그것의 용도 |
CN201080053369.9A CN102665754B (zh) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-26 | 衍生自il-2的免疫调节多肽及其在治疗癌症和慢性感染中的用途 |
TNP2012000182A TN2012000182A1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2012-04-20 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
ZA2012/03762A ZA201203762B (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2012-05-23 | Immunomodulatory polypeptide derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections |
HK12110868.4A HK1169961A1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2012-10-30 | Immunomodulatory polypeptides derived from il-2 and their use thereof in the therapeutic of cancer and chronic infections il-2 |
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CU20090203A CU23734A1 (es) | 2009-11-27 | 2009-11-27 | Polipéptidos inmunomoduladores derivados de la il-2 con actividad antagonista de esta citocina útiles en la terapia del cáncer y enfermedades infecciosas crónicas |
CU2009-0203 | 2009-11-27 |
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EP (1) | EP2505206B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP5680661B2 (es) |
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WO2024097864A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-10 | Tigen Pharma Sa | Expansion of lymphocytes |
US12024559B2 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2024-07-02 | Asher Biotherapeutics, Inc. | Fusions with CD8 antigen binding molecules for modulating immune cell function |
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WO2018091003A1 (es) | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-24 | Centro De Inmunología Molecular | Método para incrementar los niveles de secreción de la interleucina 2 y sus proteínas derivadas |
KR20190079636A (ko) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-07-05 | 센트로 데 인뮤놀러지아 모레큘러 | 인터류킨 2 및 그로부터 유도된 단백질의 분비 수준을 증가시키는 방법 |
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